2022-2023学年山东省淄博市两校中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年山东省淄博市两校中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共26页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
淄博实验中学、淄博齐盛高中高二年级第一学期第一次模块考试
英 语
第I卷(共95分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What will the boy do first?
A.Play football.
B.Go to the cinema.
C.Finish his homework.
2.Where is the necklace now?
A.In the sitting room.
B.In the kitchen.
C.In the bedroom.
3.What is the woman probably related to Henry?
A.His colleague.
B.His wife.
C.His boss.
4.What is the woman going to do next?
A.Go to the restaurant.
B.Type the document.
C.See a dentist.
5.What does the man mean?
A.He missed the TV program.
BHe doesn’t like the program at all.
C.He experiences a power failure every night.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6.Why does the woman talk to the man?
A.To cancel their plan.
B.To make an invitation.
CTo ask for information.
7.What does the man decide to do this evening?
A.See a band show.
B.Accompany his parents.
C.Buy tickets online.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8.What’s wrong with the woman’s room?
A.It’s not quiet.
BIt’s a little dark.
C.It’s smelly.
9.What is the woman’s final decision?
A.Moving to another room.
B.Checking in another hotel.
C.Waiting for a non-smoking room.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10.Whom does the woman choose jewelry for?
A.Herself.
B.Her mother.
C.Her friend.
11.What does the woman want to buy?
A.Aring of size 6 and a long necklace.
B.A ring of size 7and a long necklace.
C.A ring of size 7 and a short necklace.
12.What do we know about the necklace?
A.Its price depends on its quality.
B.It’s cheaper than the ring.
C.The longer one is more expensive than the shorter one.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13.When can people enjoy the art exhibition?
A.On Monday.
B.On Tuesday.
C.On Thursday.
14.How does this year’s ballet performance differ from that of last year?
A.Admission is free.
B.It will be at the theater.
C.There will be two performances.
15.Where will the mask party be held?
A.In the piazza.
B.In the concert hall.
C.In the theater.
16.How much is a family ticket for The Little Prince?
A.$8.
B.$10.
C.$15.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17.Who usually reads the morning announcements?
A.Timmy.
B.Mr.McKinney.
C. .Principal Johnson.
18.When is the last day of school?
A.May 20th.
B.Next Wednesday.
C.One month from today.
19.For what does the speaker apologize?
A.The library hours.
B.The homework.
C.The computers.
20.What will take place on Saturday afternoon?
A.A softball game.
B.A basketball game
C.A baseball game.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项。
A
North American Train Routes for a Family Vacation
The Adirondack
Considered one of the top ten scenic train rides in the world, the Adirondack train route travels from New York City’s Penn Station to Montreal, Canada. The 10- hour trip is great for a weekend away in either Montreal or Manhattan. The route will take you past West Point Academy, the Hudson River Valley and fifty miles of Lake Champlain.
The Vermonter
The almost 11-hour trip from Washington. DC to St. Albans. Vermont takes you from the US Capitol, through the beautiful New England states of Connecticut and Massachusetts on the way to Vermont. As you travel through New England towns, you’ll be able to see some of the most beautiful scenery in this area, including rivers, falls and covered bridges.
The Downeaster
The Downeaster was established in 2001 and was expanded in recent years to include service to Freeport and Brunswick. Maine. The short ride (between three and four hours) includes a trip along the beautiful Maine coastline. With five round-trips offered daily, it’s a great way for Massachusetts families to visit Maine for a day or longer. Many of these routes carry volunteers to aid passengers with questions about local attractions and destinations.
The Pennsylvanian
Both New York City and Pittsburgh are great family vacation destinations and the Pennsylvanian route takes you through the beautiful Pennsylvanian landscape between the two major cities. The nine and a half hour trip travels through a variety of different terrains (地形) and stops along the way include Newark, Philadelphia, Harrisburg and Altoona. Connecting train service is available for those looking to travel to Cleveland, Chicago, and Toledo from Pittsburgh.
1. Which train route offers the best choice for a one-day sightseeing?
A. The Adirondack. B. The Vermonter.
C. The Downeaster. D. The Pennsylvanian.
2. Where is St. Albans?
A. In Vermont.
B. In Washington. DC.
C. Between Connecticut and Massachusetts.
D. Between Washington. DC and Massachusetts.
3. How can you go to Chicago from New York City by train?
A. By taking a train at Penn Station to Montreal.
B. By taking a connecting train at Pittsburgh.
C. By travelling to Cleveland and then to Chicago.
D. By travelling through New England states to Chicago.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四条家庭度假的北美火车路线。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章The Downeaster部分内容“The short ride (between three and four hours) includes a trip along the beautiful Maine coastline. With five round-trips offered daily, it’s a great way for Massachusetts families to visit Maine for a day or longer.(短途旅行——三到四个小时——包括沿着美丽的缅因州海岸线的旅程。每天提供五次往返旅行，这是马萨诸塞州家庭游览缅因州一天或更长时间的绝佳方式。)”可知，该火车路线可以进行缅因州一日游，因此是一日游的最佳选择。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章The Vermonter部分内容“The almost 11-hour trip from Washington. DC to St. Albans. Vermont takes you from the US Capitol, through the beautiful New England states of Connecticut and Massachusetts on the way to Vermont. As you travel through New England towns.(从华盛顿到佛蒙特州圣奥尔本斯将近11个小时的旅程将带你从美国国会大厦出发，穿过美丽的新英格兰州康涅狄格州和马萨诸塞州，前往佛蒙特州。)可知，列车路线的终点是Vermont, 由此可知St. Albans(圣奥尔本斯)在Vermont(佛蒙特州)的范围内。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章The Pennsylvanian部分内容“Both New York City and Pittsburgh are great family vacation destinations and the Pennsylvanian route takes you through the beautiful Pennsylvanian landscape between the two major cities.( 纽约市和匹兹堡都是家庭度假的好去处，宾夕法尼亚路线带您穿过两个主要城市之间美丽的宾夕法尼亚景观。)”可知，The Pennsylvanian的路线是纽约至匹兹堡。且后文提及“Connecting train service is available for those looking to travel to Cleveland, Chicago, and Toledo from Pittsburgh.(希望从匹兹堡前往克利夫兰、芝加哥和托莱多的人可以享受联运火车服务。)”，因此可以在匹兹堡搭联运火车从纽约市去芝加哥。故选B项。
【点睛】细节理解题
考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字等议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。这类题目的共同特点是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根据文章提供的信息自己组织语句回答问题。该题型一般采用关键词寻读定位法。比如文章的第1小题：
1. Which train route offers the best choice for a one-day sightseeing?
A. The Adirondack. B. The Vermonter.
C. The Downeaster. D. The Pennsylvanian.
根据关键词“a one-day sightseeing”定位到文章The Downeaster中的内容“With five round-trips offered daily, it’s a great way for Massachusetts families to visit Maine for a day or longer.”可知，每天提供五次往返旅行，这是马萨诸塞州家庭游览缅因州一天或更长时间的绝佳方式，即题干中的“一日游”。因此答案为C项。
B
On March 15, 2022, Francis Kéré was awarded the Pritzker Prize, otherwise known as the Nobel Prize for architecture, becoming the first African architect ever to obtain this prize.
His path to success was not smooth. When he was 7 years old, Francis Kéré left his family home to attend school because his village, Gando in Burkina Faso, did not have one of its own. Thirteen years later, he moved to Germany on a carpentry scholarship, with a dream of returning home one day to build the classrooms that didn’t exist then. Kéré achieved just that, becoming an architect and completing his first building, Gando Primary School, in 2001.
Casting mud like concrete and using local materials over imported ones, Kéré proposed a particular vision of structure that both strengthens communities and responds to the climate crisis. As such, Tuesday’s Pritzker Prize announcement is not only a nod of approval for him, but for “vernacular” architecture — a term used to describe designs that directly respond to local climates, materials and building traditions — itself. He also let the whole village participate in the design, encouraging them to construct the school, using local wood to press the stone floors and local clay to make bricks. The result was a welcoming structure with a “floating” roof that allows natural winds in a hot climate, and wall openings that bring light for students to learn even without electricity. Mr. Kéré showed the villagers that ideas to deal with climate or other challenges are always at hand.
Though, Kéré has since designed bigger projects, including many national-scale projects differing in size, his approach remains grounded in Gando. “That’s how I’m trying to translate the work I have started in Gando to structures that present national pride,” says the newly-awarded architect.
Kéré will officially be named Pritzker winner at a ceremony in London later this year. As with previous winner, he will be awarded a $ 100,000 grant and a bronze medal.
4. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2?
A. Speak highly of Kéré’s efforts.
B. Introduce Kéré’ s childhood dream.
C. Bring a new topic for discussion.
D. Add some background information.
5. What’s Kéré’s architectural concept?
A. Economizing labour force.
B. Having a fancy appearance.
C. Highlighting sustainability.
D. Using imported building materials.
6. Which can best describe Francis Kéré?
A. Creative and caring.
B. Optimistic and humorous.
C. Humble and ambitious.
D. Stubborn and adventurous.
7. What kind of writing is the text?
A. An award speech. B. A news report. C. A novel. D. A review.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了弗朗西斯·凯雷获得了普利兹克奖的相关事宜。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段三个时间“When he was 7 years old”“Thirteen years later”“in 2001”可知，第二段主要介绍了弗朗西斯·凯雷的一些成长经历，供读者了解，这属于背景信息。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Casting mud like concrete and using local materials over imported ones, Kéré proposed a particular vision of structure that both strengthens communities and responds to the climate crisis.(凯雷像浇铸混凝土一样浇铸泥土，用当地材料代替进口材料，提出了一个既能加强社区又能应对气候危机的独特建筑构想)”及“with a “floating” roof that allows natural winds in a hot climate, and wall openings that bring light for students to learn even without electricity.(有一个“浮动的”屋顶，炎热气候下的自然风可以吹进来，以及墙壁开口能为学生带来光，即使没有电也能学习)”可知，凯雷的建筑理念是注重可持续性。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Kéré proposed a particular vision of structure(凯雷提出了一个独特的建筑构想)”及“with a “floating” roof that allows natural winds in a hot climate, and wall openings that bring light for students to learn even without electricity.(有一个“浮动的”屋顶，炎热气候下的自然风可以吹进来，以及墙壁开口能为学生带来光，即使没有电也能学习)”可知，凯雷的设计很有创造力，他还考虑到了当地的气候和建筑传统，使用了当地的材料，所以凯雷很有创造力，也关怀当地人。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章开头就说明2022年3月15日，弗朗西斯·凯雷被授予了普利兹克奖，成为第一位获得该奖的非洲建筑师。接着介绍了关于凯雷的一些背景信息，介绍了他的建筑理念，最后说明今年晚些时候，凯雷将在伦敦举行的仪式上被正式命名为普利兹克奖获得者，并获得10万美元的奖金和一枚奖牌。综合全文可以看出，本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了凯雷获得了普利兹克奖的相关事宜。故选B项。
C
Zero-emission (排放) large passenger aircraft powered by hydrogen (氢) will be technically available in five years, according to Airbus, but they will not enter service for at least a decade as the price of the fuel needs to come down.
The prediction comes from Glenn Llewellyn, vice-president of zero-emission technology at the European plane-maker. He said that while Airbus planned to demonstrate hydrogen-powered aircraft in 2025, over the next 10 years, hydrogen won’t be more economic than the fossil fuel. “To make real emissions free hydrogen-powered planes, which give out only water and heat, their fuel needs to come from hydrogen produced via renewable sources such as wind and solar,” he added. “Another barrier is building up the ecosystem that hydrogen aircraft will need.”
However, Mr. Llewellyn predicted that there was enough interest to make this happen. In an interview, Mr. Llewellyn said, “We already see massive increases in the amount of renewable energy being produced across the world. Wind energy production has multiplied by two over the last five years and solar energy production has multiplied by four.” He added, “There are a number of independent institutes that have mapped out how hydrogen costs can come down over the next decades. We see a 30% reduction in renewable hydrogen costs in 2030 compared to where it is today, and a 50% reduction in renewable hydrogen costs by 2050. They are exactly the kind of cost figures that are interesting for us, because it makes zero-emission aircraft commercially viable (可行的) in the 2030s.”
Last month UK-based ZeroAvia conducted the world’s first flight of a commercial-grade aircraft powered by hydrogen. A few days before, Airbus announced a series of design proposals for hydrogen-driven aircraft, including a “blended wing” concept that provides greater storage capacity. This design could be key to hydrogen-powered aircraft as the fuel is less energy dense (密度大) than conventional fuel and so requires more space to match performance of existing airplanes.
8. What does Paragraph 2 focus on?
A. The future to make hydrogen-powered aircraft.
B. The importance of making hydrogen-powered aircraft.
C. The problems with making hydrogen-powered aircraft.
D. The possibility of making hydrogen-powered aircraft.
9. What does the underlined word “capacity” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Space.
B. Ability.
C. Place.
D. Capability
10. What is Mr. Llewellyn’s attitude towards the future of Zero-emission large aircraft?
A. Cautious.
B. Negative.
C. Doubtful.
D. Positive.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. The Zero-emission aircraft’s first flight was tested.
B. Zero-emission large aircraft will be available.
C. Zero-emission large aircraft has been mass produced.
D. The production of Zero-emission large aircraft encountered barriers.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文。文章说明了制造以氢气为动力的零排放大型客机目前所遇到的问题以及它的前景。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“He said that while Airbus planned to demonstrate hydrogen-powered aircraft in 2025, over the next 10 years, hydrogen won’t be more economic than the fossil fuel. “To make real emissions free hydrogen-powered planes, which give out only water and heat, their fuel needs to come from hydrogen produced via renewable sources such as wind and solar,” he added. “Another barrier is building up the ecosystem that hydrogen aircraft will need.”(他说，尽管空中客车公司计划在2025年展示氢动力飞机，但在未来10年，氢不会比化石燃料更经济。他补充说：“要制造真正的无排放的氢动力飞机，这种飞机只释放水和热，它们的燃料需要来自风能和太阳能等可再生资源产生的氢。“另一个障碍是建立氢飞机所需的生态系统。”)”可知，无排放的氢动力飞机的燃料成本高，建立氢动力飞机的生态系统也是个问题。由此可知，第二段重点讲制造氢动力飞机的问题。故选C项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“A few days before, Airbus announced a series of design proposals for hydrogen-driven aircraft, including a “blended wing” concept that provides greater storage capacity. This design could be key to hydrogen-powered aircraft as the fuel is less energy dense than conventional fuel and so requires more space to match performance of existing airplanes.(几天前，空中客车公司宣布了一系列氢驱动飞机的设计方案，包括提供更大存储capacity的“混合机翼”概念。这种设计可能是氢动力飞机的关键，因为这种燃料的能量密度比传统燃料低，因此需要更多的空间来匹配现有飞机的性能) ”可知，空中客车公司提出了“混合机翼”计划，后句对该设计的原因进行解释，因为这种燃料的能量密度比传统燃料低，因此需要更多的空间来匹配现有飞机的性能，而“blended wing”设计可以提供更大的储存空间。由此推知“capacity”意为空间，与space同义。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“However, Mr. Llewellyn predicted that there was enough interest in the sector to make this happen. In an interview, Mr. Llewellyn said, “We already see massive increases in the amount of renewable energy being produced across the world. (然而，卢埃林预计，人们对该行业的兴趣足够大，足以实现这一目标。卢埃林在接受采访时表示：“我们已经看到，全球可再生能源产量大幅增加。”)”以及“They are exactly the kind of cost figures that are interesting for us, because it makes zero-emission aircraft commercially viable (可行的) in the 2030s.(这正是我们感兴趣的成本数字，因为这使得零排放飞机在本世纪30年代具有商业可行性。)”可知，Mr. Llewellyn认为全球可再生能源产量大幅增加，飞机的燃料成本降低，使得零排放飞机在本世纪30年代具有商业可行性。由此推知，Mr Llewellyn对未来的零排放大型飞机的态度是积极乐观的。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段首句“Zero-emission large passenger aircraft powered by hydrogen will be technically available in five years, according to Airbus, but they will not enter service for at least a decade as the price of the fuel needs to come down.(根据空中客车公司的说法，零排放氢动力大型客机技术上将在五年内投入使用， 但由于燃料价格需要下降，它们至少在10年内不会投入使用)”；第三段“However, Mr. Llewellyn predicted that there was enough interest in the sector to make this happen.(然而，卢埃林预计，人们对该行业的兴趣足够大，足以实现这一目标)”以及最后一段“Last month UK-based ZeroAvia conducted the world’s first flight of a commercial-grade aircraft powered by hydrogen. (上个月，总部位于英国的ZeroAvia完成了全球首架氢动力商业级飞机的飞行)”可知，文章主要讲述了尽管面临一些困难，但零排放的大型飞机有望在将来成为现实。故选B项。
D
In the rainforest,thousands of species sing and call, forming sound layers so rich that the human mind can be overwhelmed.Drop a hydrophone(水听器)into an ocean and you will hear similar richness, but it is foreign to our air-adapted ears. Hundreds of thousands of other vocal(发声的)wonders ring out across the world. Every vocal species has a distinctive sound and every place on the globe has a vocal character.We live in a world of vocal wonder,yet this richness is being damaged worldwide.
In some places, vocal loss is caused by the destruction of habitats,from destroyed forests to overfished oceans. However, in habitats such as thick rainforests or oceans, sound is the only way for most animals to communicate even over short distances. This communication mating songs, cooperative signals about food, cries that indicate social, status and alarm calls allow complex animal life to boom. Elsewhere, noise is also the problem. Machines pump so much sound into water and air that other species can’t hear one another. The problem of noise is most serious in the oceans, where earthquake exploration, shipping and sonar(声纳)create a deafening sound that is uninhabitable, or nearly so, for many species.
Mankind is also affected by environmental noise, with complaints about noise pollution dating to the very first cities, recorded on clay walls from Babylonia. This noise is no mere inconvenience: It may cause diseases or deaths. The European Environment Agency estimates that environmental noise in Europe causes 12,000 untimely deaths and 48,000 new cases of heart disease per year.
What can be done to address these problems? Perhaps among the scientific studies of trends in vocal loss, activism to advocate (提倡) for justice and policy-making to reduce noise pollution and habitat destruction, we’d better also find space to listen. Just as we go out with friends to hear a concert, might we do the same for the birds in a city park? In this simple act, we might find inspiration and a direct connection to our more than-human neighbors.
12. What’s the main idea of paragraph 2?
A. Reasons contributing to noise.
B. Necessity of protecting nature.
C. Factors leading to vocal loss.
D. Significance of sound diversity.
13. Why does the author list the figures in paragraph 3?
A. To stress the threat of noise.
B. To advocate removing noise.
C. To arouse people’s health awareness.
D. To criticize the development of cities.
14. What does the author imply in the last paragraph?
A. Make practical policies.
B. Conduct more scientific study.
C. Seek inspiration from a concert.
D. Build bonds with other creatures.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Can You Hear What I Hear?
B. Where Is the Sound Taking Us?
C. Can You Smell Something in Nature?
D. How Can We Protect the Environment?
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了人类所在的世界的声音多样性遭到破坏的原因及噪音对人类的危害，并倡导人类与生物建立联系，倾听它们的声音。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“In some places, vocal loss is caused by the destruction of habitats, from felled forests to overfished oceans.(在一些地方，声音的丧失是由栖息地的破坏引起的，例如森林被砍伐、海洋被过度捕捞。)”和“Elsewhere, noise is also the problem.(在其他地方，噪音也是一个问题。)”可知，第二段主要说明了破坏声音多样性的因素：栖息地被破坏以及人类制造的噪音。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段数字所在句子前的“This noise is no mere inconvenience: It creates physiological burdens that sicken and kill.(这种噪音不仅仅是带来了不便：它造成了令人患病和死亡的生理负担。)”可知，作者引用数字是为了强调噪音给人类带来的威胁。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“we’d better also find space to listen. Just as we go out with friends to hear a concert, might we do the same for the birds in a city park? In this simple act, we might find inspiration and a direct connection to our more than-human neighbors.(我们最好也能找到倾听的空间。就像我们和朋友出去听音乐会一样，我们会对城市公园里的鸟儿做同样的事情吗？在这个简单的行为中，我们可能会找到灵感和与我们的超人类邻居之间的直接联系。)”可知，作者在最后一段想告诉读者要像和朋友建立联系一样与其他生物也建立联系。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。文章首先说明人类生活在一个充满各样声音的世界里，然而丰富的声音却遭到了破坏，接着介绍了声音遭到破坏的原因：各种生物的栖息地被破坏以及人类制造的噪音，并表明人类的身心健康也受到了噪音的威胁，最后倡导人类与生物建立联系，倾听它们的声音。结合最后一段的建议“Just as we go out with friends to hear a concert, might we do the same for the birds in a city park? In this simple act, we might find inspiration and a direct connection to our more than-human neighbors.(就像我们和朋友出去听音乐会一样，我们可以为城市公园里的鸟儿做同样的事情吗？在这个简单的行为中，我们可能会找到灵感以及与我们超越人类的邻居的直接联系。)”因此推断A项“Can You Hear What I Hear?(你能听到我听到的吗？)”为最佳标题，以问题的方式概括主旨。故选A。
第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分 12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What Are the Roots of Your Self-Esteem?
Self-esteem is a person's subjective assessment of his or her worth to himself or herself. Self- esteem covers various beliefs about oneself (such as 'Tm a failure" and "I'm beautiful") as well as physiological states, including sadness, joy, and shame. The more we believe that we are worthy of happiness and good things in life, the more self-fulfilled we will be. When we don't believe that we are worthy of these things, our ability to enjoy them can suffer. ____16____
Healthy self-esteem as an adult can be a gift given in your childhood. It is a blessing that most people overlook. There are so many ways adults with high self-esteem were supported as children that resulted in them having high self-esteem. For instance, they were praised for what they had achieved.
____17____They likely experienced affection and were given enough attention. It is also possible that they excelled in studies or in sports and were admired for it by peers.
____18____As children, many of these people were criticized, yelled at, or abused in one way or another. There is also a high chance that they were given no attention by the adults who were supposed to care for them. In some cases, adults with poor self-esteem were often ridiculed for their shortcomings or bullied by peers.
It is common that these adults also believe that in order to be appreciated they need to be perfect.
____19____There are people who are obsessed with their careers or hobbies because in their mind they need to tie their worthiness to something concrete. Oftentimes these people have to pretend to be something they are not just to get approval.
How you feel about yourself impacts how you live your life. People with high self-esteem tend to have better relationships than those with low self-esteem. ____20____ So if you struggle to reach out for assistance, it could be rooted in your low self-esteem.
A. There is also a good chance that they were spoken to respectfully.
B. When we start to doubt what's important in life, we tend to do less of it.
C. Since self-esteem is connected to how we perform, it is important to work on it.
D. People with poor self-esteem, on the other hand, often experienced the opposite.
E. This creates an image in their mind that without accomplishment they are worthless.
F. They face failure too, but they understand that failure or success doesn't define them.
G. High self-esteem enables you to ask for help and support from the people around you when you need it.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。自尊是一个人对自己价值的主观评价。自尊包括对自己的各种信念和生理状态。文章对高自尊和低自尊的人进行了对比和说明。
【16题详解】
根据前文“When we don't believe that we are worthy of these things, our ability to enjoy them can suffer. (当我们不相信自己值得拥有这些东西时，我们享受它们的能力就会受到伤害)”可知，此处是指当我们对人生和自己产生怀疑时，就会有不好的影响。所以选项B. When we start to doubt what's important in life, we tend to do less of it. (当我们开始怀疑生活中重要的东西，我们往往会对此做得更少)切合文意，且和前文句式相同。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据后文“They likely experienced affection and were given enough attention. It is also possible that they excelled in studies or in sports and were admired for it by peers. (他们可能经历了感情，并得到了足够的关注。也有可能他们在学习或体育方面表现优异，并因此受到同龄人的崇拜)”可知，此处是指他们被怀有敬意地对待，所以选项A. There is also a good chance that they were spoken to respectfully. (也有一个很好的机会让人们向他们尊敬地说话)切合文意。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据后文“In some cases, adults with poor self-esteem were often ridiculed for their shortcomings or bullied by peers. (在某些情况下，缺乏自尊的成年人经常因为自己的缺点而被嘲笑或被同龄人欺负)”可知，此处是讲缺乏自尊的人往往不被尊重，所以选项D. People with poor self-esteem, on the other hand, often experienced the opposite. (另一方面，缺乏自尊的人所经历的往往恰恰相反)切合文意。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据前文“It is common that these adults also believe that in order to be appreciated they need to be perfect. (这些成年人也普遍认为，为了被欣赏，他们需要变得完美)”可知，选项E中的this是指人们认为为了被欣赏他们需要变得完美，根据后文“There are people who are obsessed with their careers or hobbies because in their mind they need to tie their worthiness to something concrete. (有些人痴迷于自己的事业或爱好，因为在他们的脑海中，他们需要把自己的价值与具体的东西联系起来)”可知，有些人往往把自己的价值和成就联系在一起，所以选项E. This creates an image in their mind that without accomplishment they are worthless. (这在他们的脑海中造成了一种形象，没有成就，他们是毫无价值的)切合文意。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据后文“So if you struggle to reach out for assistance, it could be rooted in your low self-esteem. (所以如果你挣扎着去寻求帮助，那可能是因为你的自卑)”可知，自尊心高的人不会纠结于是否要寻求帮助，所以选项G. High self-esteem enables you to ask for help and support from the people around you when you need it. (高自尊能让你在需要的时候向周围的人寻求帮助和支持)切合文意。故选G。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项。
Ms. Salomon had only been working at Sainsbury’s for a year when she was diagnosed(诊断) with Alzheimer’s disease. Before that, she had been ____21____ to leave her job as a bookkeeper because she was becoming increasingly ____22____.
Upon being informed of her diagnosis, ____23____, the Sainsbury’s staffers started doing all they could to make sure that Ms. Salomon felt comfortable and ____24____. For the next four years, Sainsbury’s did everything to keep Ms. Salomon on the team. They changed her ____25____; they stayed in ____26____ with her family so they could provide ____27____ on her condition at work; they ____28____ retrained her. When the disease progressed, Sainsbury’s even created an entirely ____29____ job for her as a “tote box cleaner”.
In 2017, Ms. Salomon’s received a medical ____30____ that said her Alzheimer’s had progressed to the advanced stage, and she was ____31____ unemployable. Again, Sainsbury’s kept her on the team.
Ms. Salomon’s ____32____ finally came to an end 6 months later, and though it was an emotional ____33____, she was also relieved.
“There have been so many times Sainsbury’s could have let her ____34____,” Ms. Salomon’s son Doron said. “Instead, they have always ____35____ her, going above and beyond to make sure she’s happy and feeling valued. On a human level, they have shown sensitivity, kindness and care.”
21. A. warned B. allowed C. inspired D. forced
22. A. disorganized B. worried C. bad-tempered D. ill-mannered
23. A. meanwhile B. therefore C. however D. moreover
24. A. appreciated B. interested C. amazed D. connected
25. A. lifestyle B. hours C. diet D. attitude
26. A. harmony B. contact C. agreement D. cooperation
27. A. opinions B. suggestions C. instructions D. updates
28. A. rarely B. occasionally C. regularly D. temporarily
29. A. traditional B. new C. strange D. easy
30. A. assessment B. program C. paper D. certificate
31. A. made B. proved C. declared D. found
32. A. fortune B. adventure C. employment D. treatment
33. A. problem B. experience C. consequence D. departure
34. A. go B. survive C. work D. suffer
35. A. counted on B. stood by C. focused on D. dropped by
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，Salomon女士在塞恩斯伯里超市工作一年时被诊断出阿尔兹海默症，超市不仅没有解雇Salomon女士，反而一直支持帮助她，展示了人性、善良和关爱。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，她曾被迫辞去簿记员的工作，因为她变得越来越没有条理。A. warned警告；B. allowed允许；C. inspired启发，鼓舞；D. forced强迫。结合语境及“because she was becoming increasingly ____2____ ”可知，被诊断为阿尔兹海默症后应是“被迫”辞去工作。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，她曾被迫辞去簿记员的工作，因为她变得越来越没有条理。A. disorganized无条理的；B. worried担心的；C. bad-tempered脾气不好的；D. ill-mannered无礼的。结合语境可知，得了阿尔兹海默症后应是做事没有条理。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在得知她的诊断结果后，塞恩斯伯里超市的员工们开始竭尽所能，确保Salomon女士感到舒适，能够与人交流。A. meanwhile同时；B. therefore因此；C. however然而；D. moreover此外。根据“the Sainsbury’s staffers started doing all they could to make sure that Ms. Salomon felt comfortable”可知，塞恩斯伯里超市的员工们得知Salomon女士患病后的做法与上文被辞退相反，故此处表示转折。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，在得知她的诊断结果后，塞恩斯伯里超市的员工们开始竭尽所能，确保Salomon女士感到舒适和得到赏识。A. appreciated赏识的，感激的；B. interested感兴趣的；C. amazed惊奇的；D. connected有联系的，相关的。根据下一句“ they ___ retrained her. When the disease progressed, Sainsbury’s even created an entirely____ job for her as a “tote box clecher”.(公司定期培训她。当她疾病恶化时，公司甚至给她创建一个工作岗位)”可知，公司为了让她感到舒适，让她在家工作；为了让她有工作，能够得到赏识，可以为她创建一个岗位。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们改变了她的工作时间。A. lifestyle生活方式；B. hours小时，（工作/办公等）固定时间；C. diet饮食；D. attitude态度。结合语境可知，Salomon女士在塞恩斯伯里超市工作，所以此处指超市改变了她的工作时间，其他选项不符合语境。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们与她的家人保持联系，以便提供她工作上的最新情况。A. harmony和谐；B. contact联系；C. agreement同意，一致；D. cooperation合作。结合“so they could provide ____7____ on her condition at work”可知，此处指超市与她的家人保持联系，以便提供她的最新情况。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们与她的家人保持联系，以便提供她工作上的最新情况。A. opinions观点；B. suggestions建议；C. instructions指令，说明；D. updates更新，最新消息。结合语境可知，此处指提供她的最新情况。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们定期对她进行再培训。A. rarely很少；B. occasionally偶尔；C. regularly定期，有规律地；D. temporarily临时。结合语境可知，Salomon女士得了阿尔兹海默症，超市应是“定期”给她反复培训。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当疾病恶化时，塞恩斯伯里超市甚至为她创造了一份全新的工作——“手提袋清洁工”。A. traditional传统的；B. new新的；C. strange奇怪的，陌生的；D. easy容易的。结合“When the disease progressed”可知，Salomon女士病情恶化，应是无法再胜任工作，所以超市善意地给她创造了一份“全新的”工作。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2017年，Salomon女士收到了一份医学评估报告，称她的阿尔茨海默症已经发展到晚期，她被宣布没有工作能力了。A. assessment评估；B. program计划，项目；C. paper纸张；D. certificate证书。结合“her Alzheimer’s had progressed to the advanced stage”可知，应是对病情进行评估，才知道她的病情发展到了晚期。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2017年，Salomon女士收到了一份医学评估报告，称她的阿尔茨海默症已经发展到晚期，她被宣布没有工作能力了。A. made使，让，制作；B. proved证明；C. declared宣布，声明；D. found发现。结合语境及“her Alzheimer’s had progressed to the advanced stage”可知，她病情到了晚期，“被宣布”没有工作能力了。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：六个月后，Salomon女士的职业生涯最终结束了，虽然这是一次情感上的离开，但她也松了一口气。A. fortune财富，运气；B. adventure冒险；C. employment工作，就业；D. treatment对待，治疗。结合上文“she was ____11____ unemployable”可知，此处指职业生涯结束。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：六个月后，Salomon女士的职业生涯最终结束了，虽然这是一次情感上的离开，但她也松了一口气。A. problem问题；B. experience经历，经验；C.consequence结果；D. departure离开。结合上一句中“came to an end”可知，此处指精神上的“离开”。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：塞恩斯伯里超市有很多次本可以让她走。A. go走；B. survive生存；C. work工作；D. suffer遭受。结合上文内容可知，Salomon女士得了阿尔兹海默症，超市本可以让她走，故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：相反，他们一直帮助她，竭尽全力确保她开心，并感到自己受到重视。A. counted on指望，依靠；B. stood by支持，帮助；C. focused on集中于；D. dropped by顺便拜访。结合上文超市员工的做法及空后“make sure she’s happy and feeling valued”可知，他们总是帮助她，故选B项。
第II卷(共55分)
第三部分 语言知识运用
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Despite its huge population, China was not much of a global force in sports until the 1980s.It was very good at table tennis, though. The first major international breakthrough for China came in 1981 when its women’s volleyball team won the Women’s Volleyball World Cup.____36____(understandable), sports fans went crazy.
Inspired by the victory, China invested more of ____37____(it) limited resources in training athletes. The investment ____38____(pay) off, as China got its first Olympic gold medal in shooting in 1984. In all, Chinese athletes won 15 gold medals in the Los Angeles Olympics, setting the course where China is becoming ____39____global sports power.
____40____China investing more resources in the sports, thanks to the fast-paced economic development and winning world titles becoming normal for Chinese athletes, the government started encouraging ordinary citizens to play sports.
The 2021-25 national fitness plan, for instance, says that by 2025,38.5 percent (compared with 37.2 percent in 2021) of China’s population would take part in regular sports activities. It not only builds more sports facilities,____41____enables every citizen to reach the nearest sports exercise places within 15 minutes.
While the young may prefer to play on the basketball courts or soccer fields, others use the running tracks in the sports facilities. and parks for doing physical exercise in their community ____42____(equip)with facilities.
Square dancing is popular among senior citizens, especially women. As night falls, almost all squares in cities and towns turn into dance floors ____43____millions of middle-aged and elderly people practice square dancing accompanied by music.
Marathon is another popular sports discipline. In 2019 alone, the marathons attracted 7.1 million ____44____(participate).
Thanks to these developments, the sports industry’s value increased to 2.74 trillion yuan in 2020. The 2021-25 national fitness plan’s goal is ____45____(double)that figure by the end of 2025.
【答案】36. Understandably
37. its 38. paid
39. a 40. With
41. but 42. equipped
43. where 44. participants
45. to double
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国体育的发展历程。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：让人可以理解的是，体育迷们都疯了。空处在句中为陈述性状语，所以用副词understandably，处于句首，所以首字母大写。故填Understandably。
【37题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在这场胜利的鼓舞下，中国在训练运动员方面投入了更多有限的资源。修饰名词用形容词，resources“资源”为名词，所以空处用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：随着中国在1984年获得第一枚奥运射击金牌，这项投资得到了回报。空处在句中为谓语，结合句中“in 1984”可知，空处用一般过去时，短语：pay off“得到回报”，不用于被动。故填paid。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：中国运动员在洛杉矶奥运会上总共获得了15枚金牌，为中国成为世界体育强国奠定了基础。power“有影响力的大国”为可数名词，这里陈述的是主语“China”，为单数含义，且china发音以辅音音素开头，所以空处用a，故填a。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：随着经济的快速发展，中国在体育方面投入更多资源，中国运动员赢得世界冠军已成为常态，政府开始鼓励普通公民参加体育运动。分析可知，此处为with的复合结构作状语，with+ 宾语+ 补语，本句中China为宾语，“investing more resources in the sports”为补语，所以空处填with，处于句首，首字母大写。故填With。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：它不仅建造了更多的体育设施，而且使每个市民能够在15分钟内到达最近的体育锻炼场所。短语：not only...but (also)...“不但……而且……”，所以空处使用but，故填but。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：虽然青少年可能更喜欢在篮球场或足球场上玩耍，但其他青少年则会在设有康乐设施的社区内，利用体育设施和公园内的跑道进行体育锻炼。分析可知，本句为含有while引导的让步状语从句的复合句，逗号后为主句，主句的谓语为use，所以空处用非谓语。community和动词equip为动宾关系，所以空处用过去分词equipped，故填equipped。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当夜幕降临，城镇中几乎所有的广场都变成了舞池，在那里数以百万计的中老年人在音乐的伴奏下练习广场舞。分析可知，空处及之后的内容为定语从句，先行词为“dance floors”，在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where，故填where。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：仅在2019年，马拉松比赛就吸引了710万参与者。空处在句中作宾语，结合空前“7.1 million”，所以空处用名词复数participants，故填participants。
【45题详解】
考查不定式。句意：2021-2025年全国健身计划的目标是到2025年底将这一数字翻一番。空处在句中为表语，结合句中“ by the end of 2025”，可知本句表示将来的动作，be to do常用来表示将来的动作，所以空用不定式to double，故填to double。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 书面表达(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校下周末要举办中国艺术展。请你给外教Mr.Smith写封邮件，邀请他来观展，内容包括：
1．展览的时间和地点；
2．展览内容；
3．期待回复。
注意：1．词数80词左右；2．可适当增加细节。
Dear Mr. Smith,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Lihua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Mr.Smith,
I am Li Hua chairman of the Students’ Union. Our school requests the honour of your presence at the Chinese Art Exhibition of our school next weekend.
The event will begin at the Art Building on 16th Nov., from 3pm.to 5pm.The art festival will feature a variety of traditional Chinese art works ranging from oil-paper umbrellas to delicate paper cuttings. All the teachers and students who are interested in the event are welcome to participate.
We do hope you are able to join us at this event. Please reply to confirm your attendance.
Yours,
Lihua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mr.Smith写封邮件，邀请他来参观你校下周末要举办中国艺术展。
【详解】1.词汇积累
开始：begin →start
各种各样的：a variety of → various
对……感兴趣：be interested in →show an interest in
能够：be able to→ can
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The art festival will feature a variety of traditional Chinese art works ranging from oil-paper umbrellas to delicate paper cuttings.
拓展句：The art festival will feature a variety of traditional Chinese art works which range from oil-paper umbrellas to delicate paper cuttings.
【点睛】【高分句型1】All the teachers and students who are interested in the event are welcome to participate.（运用了who引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】We do hope you are able to join us at this event.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为 150 左右。
It was a hot July day in Philadelphia. The five boys I was with had been sick of playing marbles and burning holes in dry leaves. So when little Ned suggested climbing the cliff, the rest of kids all agreed excitedly, except me. I hesitated. I longed to be brave and active, like them, but I’d been a sickly child most of my eight years and I actually wasn’t as strong as the other boys.
“Come on!”Called Jerry, my best friend. “Just being sick is no reason to be a coward（胆小鬼）.” “I’m coming!” I yelled, and ran along after them. Through the park and into the woods we went, finally we stood beneath the near vertical（垂直的）wall of the cliff, about 60 feet high. To me it looked like the very symbol of the Forbidden and Impossible.
One by one, the other boys climbed upward, finding handholds and toeholds on rocks. I hung back until the others were partway up; then trembling and sweating, I began to climb. A hand here, a foot there, my heart pounding in my skinny chest, I made my way up and up. At some point, I looked back and was horrified. The ground at the base of the cliff seemed very far below; one slip and I would fall. But the boys were talking loudly and happily above me. In a few minutes they started up to the top while I still struggled and crawled, far behind.
“Hey, wait,” I begged. Sadly, they ignored my request and continued their way to the top, from where they would walk home by an easier route. Before they left, they glanced down at me. “You can stay if you want to”, teased Ned. Jerry looked concerned, but he went with the others.
I looked down and was overcome by dizziness; a nameless force seemed to be dragging me to fall off. I grasped the rock as the world spun around. I could never climb back down. It was much too far to go, too dangerous.
Paragraph 1:
However the way up to the top was even worse—higher, steeper, more challenging.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I didn’t know how long it had passed until a familiar voice came below.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version
However the way up to the top was even worse—higher, steeper, more challenging. I would never make it. I heard someone sobbing and moaning; I wondered who it was and realized that it was I. The other boys must have been home. Time dragged. And with each passing minute, my legs and arms grew sore/numb. Something rolled down my cheeks. It was tears or sweat, or both. The shadows gradually lengthened, the sun disappeared from the treetops beyond the clearing below, and dusk began to gather. The ground below the cliff became dim. Can you imagine how desperate I was at that time?
I didn’t know how long it had passed until a familiar voice came below. I glanced down! It was my dad with a flashlight. But what could he do? It was impossible for him to climb up here and carry me down. “Come on down, my brave boy. Dinner is ready.” His comforting tone seemed to have a magic power. Somehow, following his light, I struggled to inch over one step. And then another. That’s how it went. Finally I took the last step down onto the bottom and into my father’s strong arms, sobbing a little, and then, surprisingly, feeling a sense of immense accomplishment and something like pride.
【解析】
【分析】本文以时间为线索展开。和作者一起玩耍的男孩子们厌倦了普通的游戏，决定爬悬崖。作者犹豫了，但还是决定跟他们一起爬山。但是到了一个地方，作者感到非常恐惧，他爬不上去也下不来，进入了两难。最后，父亲找到了他。在鼓舞下，作者最后回到了父亲的怀抱中。一种巨大的成就感和自豪感从作者心里升起。
详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然而，通往山顶的道路更糟糕——更高、更陡、更有挑战性。”可知，第一段可描写作者看到上山的道路更加险峻，内心十分绝望。
②由第二段首句内容“不知过了多久，一个熟悉的声音从下面传来。”可知，第二段可描写作者在父亲的鼓舞下，成功脱困。
2.续写线索：恐惧侵袭——感到绝望——父亲出现——找回力量——成功脱困
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.意识到：realize/recognize/be conscious of
②.瞥见：glance/glimpse
情绪类
①.绝望：desperate/hopeless
②.成就感：sense of accomplishment/sense of achievement
【点睛】[高分句型1].I wondered who it was and realized that it was I. （由who和that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2].Somehow, following his light, I struggled to inch over one step. （现在分词作状语）
听力答案：1-5 CCABA 6-10 BCAAB 11-15 BAACB 16-20 CACCB