2022-2023学年重庆市第一中学校高二上学期12月月考英语试题 word版

这是一份2022-2023学年重庆市第一中学校高二上学期12月月考英语试题 word版，共16页。试卷主要包含了答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名，考试结束后，将答题卡交回，mainly abut?等内容，欢迎下载使用。

高二英语试题卷
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名.准考证号码填写在答题卡上。
2.作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Nw, a new study has uncvered a simple physical rule that gverns ant rafts (蚂蚁筏): shrink and expand. The discvery culd ne day lead t the design f rbts that wrk in grups.
Individually, ants are nt as smart as peple think, but cllectively, they can frm very smart and flexible rganizatins. Fr example, after strms in the sutheastern United States, fire ants frm giant flating rafts t survive rugh waters.
Researchers used mathematical mdels t wrk ut the mechanics behind these flating rafts. They fund that the faster the ants n a raft mved, the mre the raft expanded utwards, ften frming lng stretches. This behavir is autmatic in nature and des nt require any central decisin making.
The researchers als cnducted experiments t uncver the secrets f the ant raft. They put thusands f fire ants in a bucket f water with a plastic stick in the middle, and they waited.
What they eventually saw was that rafts started t frm, and instead f these structures staying the same shape ver time, they kept shrinking and expanding until they frmed dense clnies. Smetimes the ants spread ut like pancake batter (面糊) n a frying pan, and smetimes they shrank t frm bridges. Each ant raft was made up f tw layers. At the bttm, structural ants stuck tgether t frm a base. Abve them was a secnd layer f ants, which were free t walk n tp f ther ants. Over a perid f time, ants climbed frm the bttm t the tp.
When they let the game play ut, researchers fund simulated (模拟的) ant rafts behaved like they were in the real wrld. The mre the ants walked, the mre likely they were t frm lng stretches stretching ut frm the raft, like peple gathering fr the exit in a crwded stadium.
Research n fire ants will hpefully help understand hw simple rules can be written t instruct rbt shw t interact with thers t achieve targeted grup respnses.
1．What plays an imprtant rle in the size f ant rafts?
A．The speed f ants.B．The central decisin.
C．The divisin f labr.D．The number f ants.
2．What is mainly discussed abut ant rafts in the fifth paragraph?
A．SizeB．Functin.C．Shape.D．Frmatin.
3．Which clumn f a magazine is this article mst likely frm?
A．Educatin.B．Sciety.C．Technlgy.D．Envirnment.
B
Educatr and civil rights activist Mary McLed Bethune will sn make histry as the first black persn t have a statue in the U. S. Capitl’s Statuary Hall, when her statue replaces that f a general.
Bethune, the daughter f frmerly enslaved peple, was an influential educatr and activist wh funded the Natinal Cuncil f Negr Wmen, advised multiple U. S. presidents and created a barding schl fr black children that wuld later becme Bethune-Ckman University in Daytna Beach.
The 11-ft statue weighs mre than 6,000 1bs…It was created by artist Nilda Cmas, wh was chsen frm a field f 1,600 applicants and is the first Hispanic master sculptr t create a statue fr the Natinal Statuary Hall State Cllectin. Befre she started sculpting, Cmas cnducted a fur-year thrugh research, which she called “a beautiful jurney.”
The statue features Bethune wearing a cap and lng dress and a pearl necklace, hlding a black rse in ne hand and a walking stick in the ther. She’s standing in frnt f a pile f bks, with a warm smile and what ne lcal reprter described as eyes that “register wisdm kindness.”
The base f the statue is inscribed(铭刻)with her name, her hme state, birth and death dates, as well as ne f her mst famus qutes, “Invest in the human sul. Wh knws, it may be a diamnd in the rugh.”
The black rse represents Bethune’s wrk in educatin, as well as her belief that “lving thy neighbr” required interracial, inter-religius and internatinal brtherhd, accrding t a nnprfit rganizatin.
“Althugh there is n species f flwer called a ‘black rse’, Dr. Bethune was attracted by beauty f a rse with a particular dark clur,” it explained. “These dark rses instantly became her favrite. She thereafter referred t her pupils as her ‘black rses’”
4．Why has Bethune’s statue been set up?
A．Because she ffered much advice t US presidents.
B．Because she was the first black persn t be a general.
C．Because she created the first university fr black peple.
D．Because she was a distinguished black educatr and activist.
5．What are Para.3 and 4.mainly abut?
A．The size f the statue.B．The research f the statue.
C．The creatin f the statue.D．The chsing f the sculptr.
6．What des “black rse” in Para. 6 stand fr?
A．Bethune’s famus·qutes.B．Bethune’s devtin and faith.
C．Bethune’s wisdm and kindness.D．Bethune’s investment and religin.
7．What d we knw abut Bethune?
A．A shaper f human sul.B．A funder f a nnprfit.
C．An 'educatr fr African wmen.D．A builder f mdern university.
C
Humans have been living and wrking n the space statin fr 20 years. Their meals are packaged, thugh smetimes astrnauts receive fresh treats frm resupply missins. The lnger that packaged fd is stred, the mre it lses nutrients like vitamin C and vitamin K.
Astrnauts have successfully grwn 10 different crps n the space statin since 2015 and had the chance t sample each ne. The Internatinal Space Statin hsted a party fr astrnauts n Friday as they celebrated the harvest f the first Chili (辣椒) grwn in space. The crew finally had a chance t taste the peppers after initially kicking ff the plant experiment n the space statin in July.
Plant Habitat-04 is ne f the mst cmplex plant experiments n the rbiting labratry t date because peppers take much lnger t grw than the previus experiment plants. After grwing fr fur mnths, the peppers were harvested n Friday.
Peppers prvide a great surce f vitamin C, as well as ther key nutrients. Pepper plants self-pllinate, s they are easy t grw, and they are a pick-and-eat crp that desn’t have t be cked. They are als safe t eat raw.
A side effect f life in zer gravity is that astrnauts ften lse sme f their taste and smell, s spicy r well-seasned fds are a favrite. Adding fresh greens r peppers t the menu allws astrnauts t liven up their regular meals. But grwing and tending t the plants can als prduce ther benefits.
Astrnauts have described the jy frm seeing—as well as smelling and caring fr—leafy green plants n the space statin that remind them f Earth.
“Grwing clrful vegetables in space can have lng-term benefits fr physical and psychlgical health,” said Matt Rmeyn, principal investigatr fr the experiment.” We are discvering that grwing plants and vegetables with clrs and smells helps t imprve astrnauts’ well-being.”
8．What des underlined “kicking ff” in the 2nd paragraph mean?
A．Launch.B．Cmplete.C．Quit.D．Annunce.
9．What makes Plant Habitat-04 ne f the mst cmplex plant experiments?
A．The technlgy.B．Grwing prcess.
C．The varieties f plants.D．Grwing time required.
10．Why are peppers added t the menu fr astrnauts?
A．They are delicius.B．They restre their appetite.
C．They help kill diseases.D．They imprve their memry.
11．What is the suitable title fr the text ?
A．The Fun in the Space Life
B．The Cmmn Gal in the Space Missin
C．The First Chili Peppers Grwn in Space
D．A Research Finding frm the Space Missin
D
Many facts suggest that children are verweight and the situatin is getting wrse, accrding t the dctrs. I feel there are a number f reasns fr this.
Sme peple blame the fact that we are surrunded by shps selling unhealthy, fatty fds, such as fried chicken and ice cream, at lw prices. This has turned ut a whle generatin f grwn-ups wh seldm ck a meal fr themselves. If there were fewer f these restaurants, then prbably children wuld buy less take-away fd.
There is anther argument that blames parents fr allwing their children t becme verweight. I agree with this, because gd eating habits begin early in life, lng befre children start t visit fast fd shps. If children are given fried chicken and chclate rather than healthy fd, r are always allwed t chse what they eat, they will g fr sweet and salty fds every time, and this will carry n thrughut their lives.
There is a third reasn fr this situatin. Children these days take very little exercise. They d nt walk t schl. When they get hme, they sit in frnt f the televisin r their cmputers and play cmputer games. Nt nly is this an unhealthy pastime (消遣), it als gives them time t eat mre unhealthy fd. What they need is t g utside and play active games r sprts.
The abve are the main reasns fr this prblem, and therefre we have t encurage yung peple t be mre active, as well as steering them away frm fast fd shps and bad eating habits.
12．Accrding t the text, what kind f children may eat mre unhealthy fd?
A．Thse wh ften take exercise.
B．Thse wh ften watch televisin.
C．Thse wh ften have meals at hme.
D．Thse wh ften walk t schl.
13．The authr thinks that children are becming verweight because .
A．their parents ften ck meals fr them
B．they are t busy t g ut and play
C．they can't chse what t eat
D．there are t many fast fd shps arund
14．The wrd "steering" underlined in the last sentence mst prbably means _______.
A．frcingB．guiding
C．drivingD．mving
15．The main purpse f the text is t _________.
A．tell a stryB．prvide facts
C．give adviceD．cmpare pinins
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。
We are taught frm childhd that warming up is a must in preparatin fr any exercise. It allws us t prepare ur muscles fr the strain（拉力）we are abut t place n them and prevent injury.____16____These all prepare fr an effective wrkut.
____17____It prevents dizziness, helps return the heart rate back t nrmal and prevents chrnic venus insufficiency（CVI）. Als knwn as "bld pling", CVI ccurs when the bld in bld vessels（血管）expands during prlnged exercise, making it difficult fr it t return t the heart frm the legs.
Accrding t many health and fitness instructrs, the ttal cl-dwn perid shuld last 3 t 10 minutes, r until yu are ready t stp.____18____Fr example, if yu have been wrking yur legs, yu will need t d lwer bdy stretches r a slw walk. There are many helpful tutrials nline.
The best way t measure whether yu have cled dwn effectively is purely based n cmmn sense—if yu feel yur heart rate has reduced, that's enugh. There is n research t prve stretching after a sessin will help reduce pain, but if yu feel it helps, d s.____19____
Cling dwn methds, including fam rllers, a sprts massage r dry needling, are wrth investigating.____20____If the pain is there the next day, cnsult yur dctr, and, mre imprtantly, warm up mre thrughly next time.
A．It is dwn t persnal preference.
B．Fast walking is the simplest exercise.
C．If yu are nt flexible, lwer yur upper bdy.
D．If yu experience any pain when stretching, stp.
E．But cling dwn is as imprtant as warming up.
F．Areas t target depend n which part f the bdy yu have trained.
G．Mre imprtantly, it steadily increases the heart rate and bld flw.
第二部分语言运用 （共两节，满分 30分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When ur three kids were yung, we had days that went n fr life times, As I watched my husband Crag leave every mrning, I felt ___21___ t have s much time alne with my babies. When Craig ___22___ each evening, he wuld smile and ask, “S! Hw was yur day?”
This questin shwed the ___23___ between his experience f a “day” and mine. Hw was my day? I ___24___ Craig as the kids screamed ludly arund. Then I lked dwn at my dirty T-shirt and the tys littering the flr.
I wanted t say, “Tday has been a ___25___ There were mments when I was s fed up with the mess that I thught I might ___26___. I was bth lnely and ___27___ t be alne.” But busy with s much husewrk, I was t tired t ___28___. S I just said, “Fine.” But I felt sad because ___29___ is abut being seen and knwn.
S we decided t ____30____ help. We learned frm the cunselr（咨询师） that lve is ____31____ and we shuldn't ask the same empty questins like: “Hw was yur day?” ____32____ , we can ask questins like: When did yu feel lved r lnely tday? A ____33____ questin is a key that will unlck a rm inside the persn yu lve.
Questins are like gifts. It's the ____34____ behind them that the receiver feels. The mre ____35____ yu give t yur questins, the mre beautiful the answers becme.
21．A．relaxedB．scaredC．excitedD．surprised
22．A．calledB．awkeC．returnedD．withdrew
23．A．cmbinatinB．gapC．wrestleD．linked
24．A．stared atB．brke withC．lied tD．drve away
25．A．miracleB．flashC．lifetimeD．discvery
26．A．jumpB．regretC．hesitateD．explde
27．A．ptimisticB．desperateC．secureD．thankful
28．A．mveB．listenC．quarrelD．answer
29．A．lveB．respectC．trustD．help
30．A．fferB．receiveC．refuseD．seek
31．A．specificB．preciusC．fundamentalD．plain
32．A．HweverB．InsteadC．CnsequentlyD．Besides
33．A．caringB．curiusC．pintedD．direct
34．A．secretB．respnseC．thughtD．inspiratin
35．A．clueB．explanatinsC．supprtD．attentin
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Time waits fr n man”—r s the saying ges. We can’t stp time and we can’t cntrl ______36______, althugh smetimes, in ur minds, we think time flies. But if this year ______37______ particular feels like it’s passing mre quickly than thers have dne, there culd be a scientific ______38______ (explain).
Of curse, we knw a year is usually 365 days lng. Clever scientists calculated this a lng time ag. They als wrked ut that every fur years, we need an extra day ______39______ (call) a leap year t keep ur calendar in sync (同步). But 2021 isn’t ne f thse years, and yet it’s nt behaving like ______40______ nrmal year. Scientists have dne the math and discvered the Earth is mving faster than it ever has in the last 50 years, ______41______ means that 2021 is ging t be the shrtest year in decades.
Apparently, this is ______42______ the Earth is spinning faster, quicker than it has dne in decades, and the days are therefre shrter. But they are nly shrt by a tiny amunt—arund 0.05 millisecnds—s dn’t panic if yu haven’t nticed! Hwever, lng-term these millisecnds add up. Graham Jnes frm Time and Date tld The Independent newspaper: “If the Earth’s rtatin cntinues t ______43______ (quick), we may at sme pint require a negative leap secnd. If this happens, ur clcks wuld skip a secnd ______44______ (keep) up with the hurrying Earth.” Since 1972, 27 leap secnds _______45_______ (add) t ur time.
写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
假定你是李华，暑期刚刚结束了外教Mr.Kidd的网络课程学习。请你给他写一封课程反馈的邮件，内容如下：
1．表示感激；
2．你的评价；
3．你的建议。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Kidd,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25 分）读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“G back, Mm! G back!” shuted my six-year-ld daughter, June. I quickly turned arund t cast my dubtful eyes n the back seat, wrried I had frgtten her yunger sister. I was relieved t see the girls safe and sit in their car seats, but June’s expressin was ne f pure anxiety. “Mm, we have t g back,” she insisted. “Smene needs ur help!”
As I lked back frm the driver’s seat, I sptted a yung man in rags playing his guitar. His skinny, pr-lking dg rested next t his feet near an ld, wrn cardbard sign that read, “Hmeless, please help.”
We’d cme acrss hmeless peple befre and had talked abut their needs and struggles. I shuld seize the chance t set a gd example fr my daughters t give a helping hand. S I searched fr sme cash, nly t find I had nthing but credit cards. “I’m srry, sweetheart, but I dn’t have any cash,” I said. “I have sme, Mm!” June replied. She pened her little pink purse and pulled ut a five-dllar bill. “Oh, gd. I’ll pay yu back when we get hme,” I respnded with a sigh f relief. “N. Mm.” she insisted, “I want t help him. I dn’t want yu t pay me back. I want t give him my mney.”
As we drve dwn the crwded rws f the parking lt, I reassured her that we wuld get t him.
When we gt there. I called ut, “Excuse me, sir!” He cautiusly walked tward ur car and answered, “Yes, ma’am?” “Here yu g, sir.” June stretched ut her entire bdy t hand him her five-dllar bill thrugh the windw and explained, “I want yu t have this.” He smiled and hesitatingly asked, “This was yur mney?” “Yes! I want yu t have it,” she prudly answered. “Thank yu,” he said, tuched by her thughtfulness.
We exchanged a smile, and as we drve away, my yunger daughter Scarlett began t cry. I hadn’t nticed that she had emptied her purse and was hlding tw quarters in her tiny hands.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
“Mm, I wanted t help, t,” she sbbed.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Nw with tears in his eyes, he said in disbelief, “Yu want t help me?”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．A 2．D 3．C
这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过介绍科学家们运用物理规则研究蚂蚁筏，从而发现这对于机器人的设计也会起到重要作用。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句话“They fund that the faster the ants n a raft mved, the mre the raft expanded utwards, ften frming lng stretches.（他们发现，木筏上的蚂蚁移动地越快，木筏就越向外扩展，通常形成长长的延伸。）”可知，木筏上蚂蚁的移动速度会影响木筏的变化。因此，在蚂蚁筏的大小中，蚂蚁的速度起着重要的作用。故选A项。
2．主旨大意题。根据文章第五段第一句话“What they eventually saw was that rafts started t frm, and instead f these structures staying the same shape ver time, they kept shrinking and expanding until they frmed dense clnies.（他们最终看到的是木筏开始形成，随着时间的推移，这些结构没有保持相同的形状，而是不断缩小和膨胀，直到他们形成密集的殖民地。）”可知，本段主要介绍的是蚂蚁筏的形成过程。故选D项。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句话“Nw, a new study has uncvered a simple physical rule that gverns ant rafts (蚂蚁筏): shrink and expand. The discvery culd ne day lead t the design f rbts that wrk in grups.（现在，一项新的研究发现了一个简单的物理规则，它控制着蚂蚁筏：收缩和膨胀。这一发现有朝一日可能会导致机器人的设计成组工作。）”可知，文章主要介绍了运用物理规则研究蚂蚁筏，从而发现对于机器人的设计也会起到重要作用。结合选项，文章应出自“技术”栏目。故选C项。
4．D 5．C 6．B 7．A
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了教育家和民权活动人士玛丽·麦克劳德·白求恩很快将创造历史，成为第一个在美国国会大厦的雕像大厅中拥有雕像的黑人。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段“Bethune, the daughter f frmerly enslaved peple, was an influential educatr and activist wh funded the Natinal Cuncil f Negr Wmen, advised multiple U. S. presidents and created a barding schl fr black children that wuld later becme Bethune-Ckman University in Daytna Beach.”（白求恩，曾经是奴隶的女儿，是一位有影响力的教育家和活动家，她成立了全国黑人妇女理事会，为多位美国总统提供建议，并为黑人儿童创办了一所寄宿学校，即后来在代托纳比奇的白求恩-库克曼大学。）推知，给Bethune设立雕像是因为她是一位杰出的黑人教育家和活动家。故选D项。
5．主旨大意题。根据第三段“The 11-ft statue weighs mre than 6,000 1bs…It was created by artist Nilda Cmas, wh was chsen frm a field f 1,600 applicants and is the first Hispanic master sculptr t create a statue fr the Natinal Statuary Hall State Cllectin. Befre she started sculpting, Cmas cnducted a fur-year thrugh research, which she called “a beautiful jurney.””（这座11英尺高的雕像重逾6000磅，由艺术家Nilda Cmas从1600名申请者中挑选出来创作，他是第一位为国家雕像馆国家收藏中心创作雕像的西班牙裔雕刻大师。在开始雕刻之前，科玛斯进行了为期四年的彻底研究，她称这是一次“美丽的旅程”。）以及第四段“The statue features Bethune wearing a cap and lng dress and a pearl necklace, hlding a black rse in ne hand and a walking stick in the ther. She’s standing in frnt f a pile f bks, with a warm smile and what ne lcal reprter described as eyes that “register wisdm kindness.””（白求恩戴着帽子，穿着长裙，戴着珍珠项链，一只手拿着一朵黑玫瑰，另一只手拿着一根手杖。她站在一堆书前，带着温暖的微笑，用一位当地记者的话说，她的眼睛“流露出智慧和善良”。）可知，这两段主要讲了雕像的创作。故选C项。
6．词句猜测题。根据第六段“The black rse represents Bethune’s wrk in educatin, as well as her belief that “lving thy neighbr” required interracial, inter-religius and internatinal brtherhd, accrding t a nnprfit rganizatin.（据一家非盈利组织称，黑玫瑰代表白求恩在教育方面的工作，以及她认为“爱你的邻居”需要跨种族、跨宗教和国际的兄弟情谊。）可知，black rse指的是白求恩在教育方面的奉献和她“博爱”的信仰。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据第二段“Bethune, the daughter f frmerly enslaved peple, was an influential educatr and activist wh funded the Natinal Cuncil f Negr Wmen, advised multiple U. S. presidents and created a barding schl fr black children that wuld later becme Bethune-Ckman University in Daytna Beach.”（白求恩，曾经是奴隶的女儿，是一位有影响力的教育家和活动家，她成立了全国黑人妇女理事会，为多位美国总统提供建议，并为黑人儿童创办了一所寄宿学校，即后来在代托纳比奇的白求恩-库克曼大学。）可知，她的一生都在致力于对儿童和妇女运动的贡献。结合选项A“人类灵魂的塑造者”符合题意。BCD都与文章实意不符。故选A项。
8．A 9．D 10．B 11．C
本文是说明文，描述了第一个在太空种植的辣椒。
8．词义猜测题。根据第二段“The crew finally had a chance t taste the peppers after initially kicking ff the plant experiment n the space statin in July.(今年7月，宇航员们在空间站开始了植物实验，终于有机会品尝辣椒。)” 前一句说宇航员最终能够品尝辣椒，后文 initially表示“最初”，可知，宇航员最初开始植物实验，才能在最后收获辣椒，所以kick ff的意思是“开始”，故选A项。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段“Plant Habitat-04 is ne f the mst cmplex plant experiments n the rbiting labratry t date because peppers take much lnger t grw than the previus experiment plants. (植物栖息地04是轨道实验室迄今为止最复杂的植物实验之一，因为辣椒的生长时间比之前的实验植物长得多。)” 可知，植物栖息地04最复杂的原因在于其所需要的生长时间。故选D项。
10．细节理解题。根据第五段“A side effect f life in zer gravity is that astrnauts ften lse sme f their taste and smell, s spicy r well-seasned fds are a favrite. Adding fresh greens r peppers t the menu allws astrnauts t liven up their regular meals. (零重力生活的一个副作用是，宇航员经常会失去一些味觉和嗅觉，所以辛辣或调味好的食物是他们的最爱。在菜单中加入新鲜的绿色蔬菜或辣椒可以让宇航员的日常饮食更有活力。)”可知，在宇航员的食谱中加入辣椒是为了让他们恢复食欲。故选B项。
11．主旨大意题。根据第二段“ The Internatinal Space Statin hsted a party fr astrnauts n Friday as they celebrated the harvest f the first Chili (辣椒) grwn in space.(周五，国际空间站为宇航员举办了一个派对，庆祝第一批太空辣椒的收获。)” 可知，辣椒首次在太空被成功种植。后文紧接着说明太空辣椒的必要性，所以全文都在说太空的首次辣椒种植。故选C项。
12．B 13．D 14．B 15．C
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了太多的小孩子超重的问题，并解释相关的原因。
12．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“When they get hme, they sit in frnt f the televisin r their cmputers and play cmputer games. Nt nly is this an unhealthy pastime (消遣), it als gives them time t eat mre unhealthy fd.(当他们回到家，他们坐在电视机前或电脑前玩电脑游戏。这不仅是一种不健康的消遣，也给了他们时间吃更多不健康的食物)”可知，经常看电视的孩子可能会吃更多不健康的食物。 故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Sme peple blame the fact that we are surrunded by shps selling unhealthy, fatty fds, such as fried chicken and ice cream, at lw prices.(一些人指责我们周围的商店出售不健康的，高脂肪的食品，如廉价的炸鸡和冰淇淋)”可知，作者认为孩子们越来越胖是因为周围有太多的快餐店。 故选D。
14．词句猜测题。根据最后一段可知，为了解决孩子太胖的问题，需要让孩子们远离快餐店和不良饮食习惯。B和C两个选项在意思和语法上都是对的，但是对待孩子应该引导，而不是驱赶，所以B选项更好。 故选B。
15．主旨大意题。文章分析了几个使孩子变胖的因素并提出了如何控制孩子变胖的建议，目的是建议让孩子让孩子们远离快餐店和不良饮食习惯。故选C。
16．G 17．E 18．F 19．A 20．D
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了运动后降温的重要性和方法。
16．根据前文“We are taught frm childhd that warming up is a must in preparatin fr any exercise. It allws us t prepare ur muscles fr the strain（拉力）we are abut t place n them and prevent injury.(我们从小就被教导说，在做任何运动前热身都是必须的。它可以让我们的肌肉为即将发生的紧张做好准备，防止受伤。)”和后句“These all prepare fr an effective wrkut.(这些都是为有效的锻炼做准备。)”可知，这里应该继续介绍热身的好处。所以选择项G“Mre imprtantly, it steadily increases the heart rate and bld flw.(更重要的是，它能稳步增加心率和血液流量。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
17．根据上文运动前热身的好处和后句“It prevents dizziness, helps return the heart rate back t nrmal and prevents chrnic venus insufficiency（CVI）. (它可以防止头晕，帮助心率恢复正常，防止慢性静脉功能不全(CVI)。)”可知，不但要热身，也要降温。所以选择项E“But cling dwn is as imprtant as warming up. (但是降温和热身同样重要。)”符合上下文语境。此句为承上启下句。故选E。
18．根据前句“Accrding t many health and fitness instructrs, the ttal cl-dwn perid shuld last 3 t 10 minutes, r until yu are ready t stp.(根据许多健康和健身教练的说法，总的冷却时间应该持续3到10分钟，或者直到你准备好停止了。)”和后句“Fr example, if yu have been wrking yur legs, yu will need t d lwer bdy stretches r a slw walk. (例如，如果你一直在锻炼你的腿，你将需要做下半身伸展运动或慢走。)”可知，不同部位的冷却时间取决于你训练的身体部位。所以选择项F“Areas t target depend n which part f the bdy yu have trained. (目标部位取决于你训练的身体部位。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
19．根据前句“There is n research t prve stretching after a sessin will help reduce pain, but if yu feel it helps, d s. (没有研究证明在一个疗程后做伸展运动有助于减轻疼痛，但如果你觉得有帮助，那就做吧。)”可知，根据个人喜好，觉得怎么可以减轻疼痛就怎么做。所以选择项A“It is dwn t persnal preference. (这取决于个人喜好。)”符合上下文语境。故选A。
20．根据前句“Cling dwn methds, including fam rllers, a sprts massage r dry needling, are wrth investigating.(降温方法，包括泡沫剂，运动按摩或干针刺，都值得研究。)”和后句“If the pain is there the next day, cnsult yur dctr, and, mre imprtantly, warm up mre thrughly next time. (如果第二天还感到疼痛，请咨询你的医生，更重要的是，下次要做更彻底的热身。)”可知，本段介绍降温的方法，但伸展时有疼痛就要停止。所以选择项D“If yu experience any pain when stretching, stp. (如果你在伸展时感到疼痛，停止。)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
21．B 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．C 26．D 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．D 31．A 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．D
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了面对生活中的鸡毛蒜皮，如何通过更好地问问题进行关心你爱的人。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有这么多时间和我的宝贝们呆在一起，我感到很害怕。A. relaxed感到放松的；B. scared害怕的；C. excited激动的；D. surprised感到惊讶的。根据第8空的“I was t tired t”（我累到不想）可知，独自应对一切是可怕的，故选B项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的丈夫每晚回来的时候，他会笑着问我，“那么，今天过得怎么样呢？”。A. called呼叫；B. awke唤醒；C. returned返回；D. withdrew撤销。根据前文“Craig leave every mrning”（Craig每天早上离开）以及本句时间状语“每天晚上”可知，此时丈夫回家了，故选C项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个问题表明了他的一天与我的一天的体验之间的代沟。A. cmbinatin结合；B. gap缺口，代沟；C. wrestle摔跤；D. linked联系。根据语境可知，此处指的是妻子和丈夫度过了完全不一样的一天，有差别，造成沟通的代沟，故选B项。
24．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当孩子随意大声尖叫时，我盯着他看。A. stared at盯着；B. brke with脱离；C. lied t位于……方向；D. drve away开走。根据后句“Then I lked dwn at my dirty T-shirt and the tys littering the flr.”（然后我低头看向我肮脏的衬衫和满地的玩具）可知，她的视角发生了变化，由盯着丈夫看转向看地板，故选A项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天像是度过了一辈子那么长。A. miracle奇迹；B. flash动画，闪现；C. lifetime一生；D. discvery发现。根据后句“There were mments when I was s fed up with the mess that I thught I might”（有些时候我厌烦了糟心的一切，以致我认为我会爆炸）可知，此处运用了夸张，因为痛苦而觉得一天无比漫长，故选C项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些时候我厌烦了糟心的一切，以致我认为我会爆炸。A. jump跳跃；B. regret后悔；C. hesitate犹豫；D. explde爆发。根据后句“I was bth lnely and 7 t be alne.”（我既感到孤独又很渴望独处）可知，我渴望独处，因为受不了糟心的一切，绝望到爆炸的感觉，故选D项。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我既感到孤独又很渴望独处。A. ptimistic积极的；B. desperate绝望的；C. secure安全的；D. thankful感恩的。根据本句“I was bth lnely and 7 t be alne.”（我既感到孤独又很 7 独处）可知，此处指两种相反的心境，既孤独又渴望独处，be desperate t d “渴望做”，故选B项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：忙着做家务，我累到不想回答。A. mve移动；B. listen听；C. quarrel吵架；D. answer回答。根据后句“I just said”（我只说了）可知，我不想多说，只回答了一句，我不太想回答他的问题，故选D项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：还好，但是我感觉难过因为爱是关于被看见和被了解。A. lve爱；B. respect尊敬；C. trust信任；D. help帮助。根据12空“we can ask questins like: When did yu feel lved r lnely tday?”（相反，我们可以问这样的问题像：你今天什么时候感到被爱或者孤独？）可知，此处指的是爱，故选A项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此我们决定寻求帮助。A. ffer主动提供；B. receive收到；C. refuse拒绝；D. seek寻找。根据后句“We learned frm the cunselr（咨询师）”（我们从咨询师那里了解到爱是具体的）可知，我们向咨询师寻求帮助，故选D项。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们从咨询师那里了解到爱是具体的，我们不应该问同一个空洞的问题像“你今天过得怎么样?”。A. specific具体的；B. precius珍贵的；C. fundamental至关重要的；D. plain普通的。根据本句“empty”（空洞）可知，此处应选择与之语意相对的词，specific“具体的”符合题意，故选A项。
32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我们可以问这样的问题像：你今天什么时候感到被爱或者孤独？。A. Hwever然而；B. Instead反而；C. Cnsequently结果；D. Besides此外。根据前句“We learned frm the cunselr（咨询师） that lve is 11 and we shuldn't ask the same empty questins”（我们从咨询师那里了解到爱是具体的，我们不应该问同一个空洞的问题）可知，前句指我们不应该怎么做，本句指我们应该怎么做，与之相反的动作，故选B项。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个关心的问题是解锁你爱的人的心门的钥匙。A. caring关心人的；B. curius好奇的；C. pinted指出的；D. direct直接的。根据前句“When did yu feel lved r lnely tday?”（你今天什么时候感到被爱或者孤独？）可知，这样的问题体现了关心，故选A项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：接收者感受到的是问题背后的用意。A. secret秘密；B. respnse反应；C. thught想法，用意；D. inspiratin灵感。根据前句“Questins are like gifts”（问题就像送礼）可知，送礼看的是心意，问问题也是如此，故选C项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你对问题的关注越多，你的问题就越美好。A. clue线索；B. explanatins解释；C. supprt支持；D. attentin注意。根据14题可知，心意最重要，心意即是你所投入的关注度和重视程度，故选D项。
36．it 37．in 38．explanatin 39．called 40．a 41．which 42．because 43．quicken 44．t keep 45．have been added
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了闰年的来源以及2021年将是几十年来最短的一年，同时解释了原因。
36．考查代词。句意：我们不能停止时间，我们不能控制它，尽管有时，在我们的头脑中，我们认为时间飞逝。此处指控制“time”，应用代词it。故填it。
37．考查介词。句意：但如果今年的时间特别让人感觉比往年过得更快，那就有科学的解释了。结合句意表示“特别”可知短语为in particular。故填in。
38．考查名词。句意：但如果今年的时间特别让人感觉比往年过得更快，那就有科学的解释了。根据上文“there culd be a scientific”可知应填单数名词explanatin，作主语。故填explanatin。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们还计算出，每四年，我们需要一个额外的一天，称为闰年，以保持我们的日历同步。分析句子结构可知call在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语years构成被动关系，故应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填called。
40．考查冠词。句意：但2021年不是这样的年份，它不像是正常的一年。year为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且nrmal是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。
41．考查定语从句。句意：科学家通过计算发现，地球的运动速度是过去50年来最快的，这意味着2021年将是几十年来最短的一年。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子“the Earth is mving faster than it ever has in the last 50 years”，从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
42．考查表语从句。句意：显然，这是因为地球的自转速度比过去几十年都要快，因此白天也变短了。空处引导表语从句，从句成分完整，缺少原因状语，应用because引导。故填because。
43．考查动词。句意：如果地球自转继续加快，我们可能在某个时候需要负闰秒。结合句意表示“加快”可知应用动词quicken，且此处为短语cntinue t d sth.，应填原形。故填quicken。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果发生这种情况，我们的时钟会跳过一秒，以跟上地球的速度。分析句子结构可知keep在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填t keep。
45．考查动词时态语态。句意：自1972年以来，我们的时间加快了27闰秒。根据上文“Since 1972”可知用现在完成时，主语27 leap secnds与谓语动词add构成被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数，助动词用have。故填have been added。
46．One pssible versin
Dear Mr. Kidd,
I’m writing t extend my sincere gratitude fr all the effrts yu’ve made in preparing and presenting the nline curse.
Yur curse is highly infrmative and beneficial. It prvides easy access t seeing life frm a new perspective, thus bradening ur minds t the utside wrld. Yur humrus teaching style invlves us in a relaxing and pleasant atmsphere, which nt nly stimulates my interest but als builds my cnfidence.
If yu can have a mre flexible time schedule and prvide a vide playback, I believe we can benefit mre. Lking frward t yur next curse.
Yurs,
Li Hua
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mr.Kidd写一封关于课程学习反馈的邮件。
47． “Mm, I wanted t help, t,” she sbbed. I sighed and drve back t where we saw the man. But what culd be fund was nly the guitar leaning against the wall. After 20 minutes’ search, utside a KFC, we sptted the man talking t an ld granny with a walking stick. We were s happy that we ran twards him, “ S yu are here. I’m lking fr yu.” said Scarlett.
Nw with tears in his eyes, he said in disbelief, “Yu want t help me?” She said, “Yes, I want t help yu as my elder sister did, but I culdn’t find yu.” “The ld granny wanted t buy fd in the KFC, but she had difficulty in walking. S I helped her.” he said. Scarlett said , “Yu’re s kind. Here is the mney that I want t give yu.” The man accepted it and said with appreciatin, “Thank yu. Hpe yu have a gd day.” Then we waved him gdbye and left fr hme.
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者带两个女儿准备开车回家时，六岁的女儿琼看到一个无家可归的年轻人需要帮助，琼用自己的钱帮助了那个无家可归的年轻人，然而小女儿斯佳丽也想帮助他，作者只好再开车回去寻找那个年轻人。最后母女三人找到了年轻人，小女儿终于把两枚硬币交到了年轻人手里。