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2021-2022学年河北省唐山市高三上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）（含听力）
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这是一份2021-2022学年河北省唐山市高三上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）（含听力），共26页。
唐山市2021-2022学年度高三年级第一学期期末考试
英 语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第Ⅰ卷（共95分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Change the title. B. Take readers’ advice. C. Write another article.
【答案】A
【解析】
原文】M: I have read your article. It’s pretty good. But I think a better title will attract readers’ attention.
W: Thanks. What do you think will be better?
M: How about How to Stay Healthy Without Pills?
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How did the man get there?
A. By plane. B. By bus. C. By subway.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: What a surprise! How did you get here so fast?
M: I flew! I just parked my airplane across the street.
W: No, seriously. You rarely arrive on time.
M: Today I took the subway instead of the bus. It’s really convenient.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Wildlife. B. A project. C. Task time.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I like our project about birds and I am really interested in wildlife.
W: So am I. The task is so absorbing that I think we can finish it ahead of time.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man think of the movie?
A. Funny. B. Serious. C. Awful.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: What a movie! I couldn’t stop laughing the entire time.
M: I know. But I can’t believe that it got such terrible reviews. There are people who like serious films, though.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is probably the relationship between the speakers?
A. Doctor and patient.
B. Host and guest.
C. Salesperson and customer.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I need some help. My friend’s arms became red and swollen after having the dinner I prepared.
W: He might be allergic. Our store has a skin cream. It can temporarily reduce the pain.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
请听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Who is the display mainly intended for?
A. Current English majors.
B. Potential university applicants.
C. Students from various departments.
7. What will the woman do next?
A. Read. B. Design. C. Study.
【答案】6. B 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: I have to plan a display on British life and literature in the 19th century.
M: Is the display for the people studying English or students from other departments?
W: Neither. It is aimed at those who’re considering applying to study here next year. Who do you think is suitable for the theme?
M: I suggest using Charlie Dickens. Most people have probably read some of his novels.
W: It sounds like a good lead-in to life in his time. I think I can start it right now.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. How was the weather early in the morning?
A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy.
9. What is the woman’s attitude towards weather forecasters?
A. Disappointed. B. Ambiguous. C. Understanding.
【答案】8. A 9. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Why don’t we go to the beach this afternoon?
W: It looks like it’s going to start pouring any minute. Maybe we have to wait until tomorrow.
M: I can’t believe it! When I woke up early this morning, there wasn’t a cloud in the sky. And last night, weather forecasters predicted that today would be a beautiful day.
W: Weather is unpredictable sometimes. Even the best weatherman will make mistakes.
M: I know, but it seems like they never get it right.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What is this competition about?
A. Saving energy at home.
B. Reducing noise pollution.
C. Using technology creatively.
11. What is the stone used for?
A. Starting the machine.
B. Increasing air pressure.
C. Producing carbon dioxide.
12. Why does the woman come to the man?
A. To discuss the way of writing a paper.
B. To find the right material for a model.
C. To study the approach to detailed drawings.
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, Professor. Could you help me with my entry for the Design Competition?
M: OK. Are there any requirements? For example, saving energy or producing no noise?
W: Actually that was the focus in former competitions. We have to adopt a creative approach to existing technology this year.
M: I see. What is your design?
W: A dishwasher. Here is my drawing.
M: There’s a stone at the bottom. Is that for decoration?
W: No. Instead of pushing a button to start, you turn the stone.
M: Good, but what makes your design creative?
W: My idea is to give pressure to the carbon dioxide so that it becomes a liquid. The liquid is used to clean the dishes.
M: A brilliant idea!
W: Thank you. I have to give a presentation about the design. I’ve got detailed drawings and a 500-word paper on it, but I am not sure what material is suitable for a model of the machine.
M: I see.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What does the woman intend to do?
A. Develop some photos.
B. Get digital photos.
C. Beautify the photos.
14. How much does the woman need to pay?
A. $300. B. $240. C. $150.
15. Why is a cardboard box recommended?
A. It is stronger. B. It is cheaper. C. It is lighter.
16. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a photo studio.
B. Ina post office.
C. In an advertising company.
【答案】13. B 14. C 15. A 16. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Welcome to PictureSee. How can I help you?
W: I saw your advertisement about copying pictures to disk. Can I get my family photos changed to digital format here?
M: Sure, we can do that.
W: Fine. Can I send the photos to you?
M: Of course.
W: How do you charge then?
M: We charge $1 for each photo, and a 20% discount for more than 100 photos, and half the price for more than 200 photos.
W: OK. I’ve got about 300 photos, I think. I’ll get the photos packed up in a box and post them to you.
M: Right. If you’ve got a good cardboard box, that’s best. Plastic ones sometimes break in the post.
W: OK. Thanks for your help. Bye.
M: Bye.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What can Devil do?
A. Play music. B. Carry luggage. C. Remove blocks.
18. Which aspect of Devil is particularly mentioined for improvement?
A. Its steadiness. B. Its power. C. Its structure.
19. Why did Lin upload his video?
A. To kill time.
B. To record his life.
C. To influence more youth.
20. When did Lin realize his inventions could benefit others?
A. In 2018. B. In 2019. C. In 2021.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】When Bilibili uploader Lin Xiao had too many bags to carry, he built a robot to address the problem. The robot’s name? Devil!
The name comes from the background music Devil’s Swing. It looks like a suitcase, which can follow Lin everywhere and avoid blocks in its path. Besides carrying bags, it can be used for transport and even charge phones.
The robot has a steel structure and a 3D-printed plastic shell. The brain of the robot is powered by an electronics platform. Although it took eight months to make, Lin admits Devil is not good enough, particularly in its physical stability. Lin presented it in the video just to inspire more young people with the imagination and passion to create.
Lin’s passion for robotics began in his first year at high school in 2018, when a teacher discovered his talent for computers and advanced his skills. One year later, he developed a smart home system, which made him understand how his products could help others. As a university freshman now, Lin believes he and his products will make a difference in the future.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Oyster is pleased to offer sea conservation volunteers the opportunity to take part in a 3-day diving course in South Africa.
What qualification will I receive?
●Upon successful completion of the e-learning and the practical course, you will receive a NAUI (National Association of Underwater Instructors) diving qualification.
What are the requirements?
●You will need to be staying for a minimum period of 2 weeks on the shark volunteering project. (It’s highly recommended that you join for 4 weeks, so that you can throw yourself into the volunteer project and allow for bad weather.)
●Completion of a medical evaluation form before taking part in the course.
How does it work?
●Before arrival in South Africa, you will start an e-learning course.
●The e-learning course takes about 14 hours to complete.
●Once in South Africa, you will receive 17 hours of practical instruction, of which 10 hours are spent in the water.
●You will not have a set date for your diving course before departure, as this is dependent on weather.
How much does it cost?
Learning to dive in South Africa as part of the sea conservation volunteering project will cost just $350. Payment must be made in advance to secure your place.
How do I book?
In person: The Volunteer Office is open on weekdays between 10 a.m. and 8 p.m..
By telephone: Dial (323) 641-7416 to reserve. The line is available from 1 p.m. to 6 p.m..
By post: Complete the application and return it to the Volunteer Office before Oct. 14th.
Through website: Visit our website www.oysterworldwide.com.
21. Which is necessary for a course-taker?
A. Organizing a shark volunteering project.
B. Being equipped with weather knowledge.
C. Taking an e-learning course in South Africa.
D. Presenting a clinical assessment of health status.
22. What is the total hours of the complete course?
A. 14. B. 17. C. 27. D. 31.
23. How can one book the course?
A. By visiting the official site of Oyster.
B. By mailing the application in December.
C. By going to the Volunteer Office on Sunday.
D. By telephoning (323) 641-7416 in the morning.
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章就参加为期三天的南非潜水课程的参加者的要求、花费、课程安排及如何报名进行了说明。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“What are the requirements?”部分中“Completion of a medical evaluation form before taking part in the course.”（在参加课程之前完成一份医学评估表。）可知，要参加这个课程的话，参加者需要先完成一项医学评估表，即要提交健康状况的临床评估。选项D与文意相符，故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“How does it work?”部分中“The e-learning course takes about 14 hours to complete.”（网上学习课程需时约14小时完成。）“Once in South Africa, you will receive 17 hours of practical instruction”（一旦到了南非，你们将接受17小时的实践指导）可知，参加这个课程的学习需要14小时的网上学习加上17小时的实践指导。所以完成课程的总计时间为31小时。选项D与文意相符，故选D。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“How do I book?”部分中“Through website: Visit our website www.oysterworldwide.com.”（浏览我们的网页: www.oysterworldwide.com）可知，预定该课程的方式之一就是浏览他们的网站。选项A与文意相符，故选A。
B
Candles were burning bright, exciting my two-year-old son, Jack, who moved forward to blow them out.
Jack’s third birthday was still a few months away but ever since his dad Gary’s big day earlier that year, my son hadn’t stopped talking about celebrating his own. His ,older brothers Oliver, 6, and Josh, 10, were happy to sing the birthday song with him.
But, over time, I grew concerned that Jack wasn’t well. My lovely boy was now a shadow of his former self. How could I ignore it, though doctors weren’t too concerned?
One day I was at work and shared my fears with a colleague. She comforted me and said it was safe to be careful. When I returned home later, I packed a bag and prepared to take Jack to hospital.
At the hospital, 1just couldn’t shake the feeling that bad news was coming. My suspicions(怀疑) were confirmed. We were told he had a very rare form of cancer.
Jack was going downhill rapidly. Gary and I took it in turns to stay with him in the hospital.“Your birthday’s coming up,”I told Jack each day, hoping he could remember the times we had sung him happy birthday before.
“Jack’s only option is a stem cell transplant (干细胞移植), and a brother or a sister might be the best chance you have.” a doctor told us. “He can have my head if he needs it!” Josh cried. Oliver wasn’t as enthusiastic as his older brother, but it was a huge relief when he was confirmed as a match.
Doctors were cautious about saying Oliver might save Jack’s life in case it didn’t work as planned. To their relief, the result was comforting. They were moved by Oliver’s bravery.
Oliver, now seven, really did save his little brother and they’re now closer than ever.“I didn’t want to do it at the very beginning but at the end I kind of regretted feeling like that because now I know how important it was.” he said.
24. What mainly contributed to the earlier discovery of Jack’s illness?
A. Doctors’ increasing concern.
B. Jack’s discomfort after the party.
C. His mother’s natural power and love.
D. His mother’s colleague’s reminding.
25. Why did Jack’s mother mention his birthday each day?
A. To strengthen their memories.
B. To encourage Jack to survive.
C. To prepare Jack for his birthday.
D. To make Gary and herself relaxed.
26. What can we infer about Oliver?
A. He hesitated to donate his stem cells at first.
B. He had a bad relationship with his brothers.
C. He envied his mother’s care of Jack.
D. He was braver than his older brother.
27. What is the passage mainly about?
A. It’s never too late to save a life.
B. Magic always comes from belief.
C. A brother in need is a brother indeed.
D. The power to cure comes from the family.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了快要三周的杰克被诊断为患有一种罕见的癌症，只有通过干细胞移植才能存活，两个哥哥努力配合医生，最后奥利弗挽救了弟弟的生命，展示了：治愈的力量来自家庭。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But, over time, I grew concerned that Jack wasn’t well. My lovely boy was now a shadow of his former self. How could I ignore it, though doctors weren’t too concerned?”（但是，随着时间的推移，我越来越担心杰克的情况不太好。我那可爱的儿子现在完全变了样。虽然医生们都不太担心，但我怎么能视而不见呢?），可知是他母亲的天性和爱促成了杰克疾病的早期发现。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Jack was going downhill rapidly. Gary and I took it in turns to stay with him in the hospital.“Your birthday’s coming up,”I told Jack each day, hoping he could remember the times we had sung him happy birthday before.”（杰克正在迅速下坡。加里和我轮流陪他住院。“你的生日快到了，”我每天都对杰克说，希望他能记得我们以前给他唱过的生日快乐歌。）可知，杰克的母亲每天都提到他的生日是为了鼓励杰克活下来。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“I didn’t want to do it at the very beginning but at the end I kind of regretted feeling like that because now I know how important it was.” he said.（“一开始我不想这么做，但最后我有点后悔，因为现在我知道这有多重要了。”他说。），可知关于奥利弗，我们能推断出：他起初对捐献干细胞犹豫不决。故选A。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章倒数第三段前两句““Jack’s only option is a stem cell transplant (干细胞移植), and a brother or a sister might be the best chance you have.” a doctor told us. “He can have my head if he needs it!” Josh cried. ”（“杰克唯一选择是干细胞移植，兄弟姐妹可能是你最好的选择。”一位医生告诉我们。“如果他需要我的头，他可以用它！”乔希哭着说。）和最后一段“Oliver, now seven, really did save his little brother and they’re now closer than ever.“I didn’t want to do it at the very beginning but at the end I kind of regretted feeling like that because now I know how important it was.” he said.”（奥利弗，现在七岁了，真的救了他的弟弟，他们现在比以前更亲密了。“一开始我不想这么做，但最后我有点后悔，因为现在我知道这有多重要了。”他说。），可知这篇文章主要讲述了两个哥哥努力救助得了癌症的弟弟，最终奥利弗通过干细胞移植救了弟弟杰克的生命的故事。所以D选项（治愈的力量来自家庭。）是文章的主旨。故选D。
C
When Shakespeare called sleep “nature’s soft nurse”, he was certainly onto something. Centuries later, researchers have’ found that inadequate sleep in children affects their emotional functioning in ways that may predict longer- term social problems. A new study, conducted by a professor of psychology, Candice Alfano, examined whether changes in children’s facial expressions of emotion after sleep restriction (限制) predict social problems concurrently (同时发生) and/or over time.
“Sleep problems in children are routinely linked with lower social competence and more problems in peer (同龄) relationships, but we really don’t understand what drives these associations,” reports Alfano, assuming that the answers might partly lie in the ways children’s faces express emotions when tired.
To test this theory, Alfano and colleagues examined 37 children between the ages of 7 and 11 during two in-lab emotional assessments: one when children were well-rested and the other after two nights of partial sleep restriction. During these assessments, children viewed positive(think kittens and ice cream) and negative (think getting a shot and fierce dogs) pictures on a computer screen while a camera recorded their facial expressions. Participants’ parents provided reports of their child’s social functioning at that time and approximately two years later.
“As we suspected, children who displayed less positive facial expressions in response to pleasant images when sleep was restricted were reported to have more social problems two years later, even when controlling for earlier social problems.” said Alfano.
Although concurrent relationships between sleep-based changes in facial expressions and social problems were not found, Alfano suggests that this may be due to developmental differences in social behavior and peer relationships.
“For younger children, more clearly-shown behaviors such as sharing and taking turns may be more important for friendships than facial expressions. However, emotional expression becomes more important with age, explains Alfano.
The results indicate poor sleep quality in childhood forecasts later socio-emotional problems and also indicate the importance of studies exploring how sleep affects many aspects of children’s mental health and well-being.
28. Why is Shakespeare’s comparison used?
A. To compare different attitudes towards sleep.
B. To show good sleep is essential to our health.
C. To indicate man’s energy is closely related to sleep.
D. To create the connection between art and research .
29. What was the research mainly targeted at?
A. Sleeping amount. B. Children’s health.
C. Facial expressions. D. Emotional problems.
30. What role did the parents play in the study?
A. Research testers. B. Media reporters.
C. Data collectors. D. Experiment organizers.
31. What can we infer from Alfano?
A. Overtired children’s expressions can tell their present social problems.
B. More factors influence children’s concurrent social functioning.
C. Good sleep is sure to guarantee a good peer relationship.
D. Age will help reduce emotional problems.
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过一系列的研究论证了睡眠不足的危害。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When Shakespeare called sleep “nature’s soft nurse”, he was certainly onto something. Centuries later, researchers have’ found that inadequate sleep in children affects their emotional functioning in ways that may predict longer- term social problems.（当莎士比亚称睡眠为“大自然的温柔护士”时，他确实说到了点子上。几个世纪后，研究人员发现，儿童睡眠不足会影响他们的情绪功能，这可能预示着他们会出现长期的社会问题。）”可推断，文章用莎士比亚的比喻，是为了显示良好的睡眠对我们的健康是重要的。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“During these assessments, children viewed positive(think kittens and ice cream) and negative (think getting a shot and fierce dogs) pictures on a computer screen while a camera recorded their facial expressions.（在这些评估中，孩子们在电脑屏幕上看到积极的(比如小猫和冰淇淋)和消极的(比如拍照和凶猛的狗)图片，同时有摄像机记录下他们的面部表情。）”可知，这项研究主要针对得是面部表情。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Participants’ parents provided reports of their child’s social functioning at that time and approximately two years later.（参与者的父母提供了他们孩子当时和大约两年后的社会功能报告。）”可知，父母在研究主要负责数据收集。故选C。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Alfano说的话“For younger children, more clearly-shown behaviors such as sharing and taking turns may be more important for friendships than facial expressions. However, emotional expression becomes more important with age, explains Alfano.（对于年龄更小的孩子来说，分享和轮流等更清晰的行为可能比面部表情对友谊更重要。然而，随着年龄的增长，情感表达变得越来越重要，阿尔法诺解释说。）”可推断，更多的因素会影响儿童同时社会功能。故选B。
D
Urban transport is a part of everyday life. When we can move around with ease, we don’t just benefit as individuals - we benefit as a society. It would be a win-win to make public transport free for users and pay for it out of general tax.
At first the idea might seem unworkable, but we just need to cast our eyes to one of the cities that have already performed it. Tallinn, capital of Estonia, has gone part of the way there. The city’s residents pay a small fee for a pass that gives them free access to public transport, but tourists still need full payment. In one sense, this supports the city’s transport budget, but it also means there is still a need for expensive ticketing equipment. Wouldn’t it be simpler to remove ticketing altogether and instead charge a tourist tax for overnight stays?
In Luxembourg, from 2020, ministers decided to abolish fares on trains, trams and buses to stop the deepening gap between rich and poor. Transport is not only free to its 600,000 residents, but also many tourists. In 2019, Delhi’s chief minister announced free bus rides for women to address the fact that women were far less likely to be travelling on buses and trains in the first place. The fact that this plan has been rolled out in a region with a 16.9 million population is an encouraging sign that free transport isn’t only workable for small cities.
There is, however, a challenging issue with free travel - the potential for bosses to use it as an opportunity to cut staffing. Such concerns made transport unions oppose free travel. Passenger campaign groups should work with transport unions to make a dual (双重的) demand for free urban transport. Ticket clerks who currently perform spot-checks should be trained to provide assistance to anyone who requires help on board.
Free travel is not a cure for everything. But as well as the potential for reducing car usage, it could help make public transport safe, secure and accessible for all.
32. How does the author like Tallinn’s practice?
A. It needs better equipment.
B. It can move forward.
C. It is a perfect model.
D. It is bad for tourism.
33. Why are statistics used in Paragraph3?
A. To show the benefits of free travel.
B. To stress the necessity of free travel.
C. To prove the practicality of free travel.
D. To measure the influence of free travel.
34. What is suggested for transport unions?
A. Workers should be transformed.
B. Campaign groups should be ignored.
C. Ticket workers should be fired.
D. They should talk with bosses.
35. What is the best title for the passage?
A. When Can Free Public Transport Serve People Better?
B. How Can Problems from Free Transport Be Solved?
C. Why is Free Transport Different in Different Cities?
D. What If Urban Transport Were Free for All of Us?
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是城市免费交通的好处。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In one sense, this supports the city’s transport budget, but it also means there is still a need for expensive ticketing equipment. Wouldn’t it be simpler to remove ticketing altogether and instead charge a tourist tax for overnight stays?（从某种意义上说，这支持了该市的交通预算，但这也意味着仍然需要昂贵的售票设备。完全取消票务，对在此过夜的游客收取旅游税，不是更简单吗?）”可知，作者认为塔林的做法还可以改善并向前推进。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Transport is not only free to its 600,000 residents, but also many tourists. In 2019, Delhi’s chief minister announced free bus rides for women to address the fact that women were far less likely to be travelling on buses and trains in the first place. The fact that this plan has been rolled out in a region with a 16.9 million population is an encouraging sign that free transport isn’t only workable for small cities.（交通不仅对60万居民免费，对许多游客也免费。2019年，德里首席部长宣布女性可免费乘坐公交车，以解决女性乘坐公交车和火车的可能性大大降低的问题。这项计划在一个拥有1690万人口的地区推出，这是一个令人鼓舞的迹象，表明免费交通不仅适用于小城市。）”可推断，本段通过数据向我们阐述免费旅行的实用性。故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Passenger campaign groups should work with transport unions to make a dual demand for free urban transport. Ticket clerks who currently perform spot-checks should be trained to provide assistance to anyone who requires help on board.（乘客运动团体应该与交通工会合作，提出免费城市交通的双重要求。目前执行抽查的票务人员应接受培训，为机上任何需要帮助的人提供帮助。）”可知，交通工会的职员可以通过学习培训改变技能以适应这一免费交通的改变。故选A。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“But as well as the potential for reducing car usage, it could help make public transport safe, secure and accessible for all.（但是，除了减少汽车使用的潜力外，它还可以帮助公共交通变得安全、安全、方便。）”及全文可知，文章主要介绍的是城市免费交通的好处。所以“What If Urban Transport Were Free for All of Us?(如果城市交通对我们所有人都是免费的呢?)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Each year many people move to the Sun Belt in the southern United States. ____36____ No matter where these people come from or where they go, snowbirding is a great way to enjoy the best weather of the country and enjoy the wide variety of places.
Most of the time people use the word snowbird in reference to retirees that travel to a southern state during the winter months. However, snowbirding is certainly not limited to retirees. ____37____ A large population of snowbirds usually choose California, Arizona, Florida and Texas, which have their mild weather during the winter.
____38____ Some people like to travel in their RV(recreational vehicle), others have a second home in a location of their choosing. The second home provides all that a house can offer, but it doesn’t allow the freedom to explore. RV travelers, however, can get to wherever they want. In an RV, snowbirds can choose to set up a moveable residence in one spot. They can also explore a wide variety of places.____39____.
For those people that have the ability to leave their homes for a few months during the winter to explore the southern areas, there are many benefits to have. ____40____.By snowbirding, they can also escape the cold. While this may seem purely for comfort, it can be for health and safety reasons as well.
A. They choose to seek a warm and sunny climate.
B. Retired people, of course, will take advantage of it.
C. Many snowbirds travel in their RVs around the Sun Belt.
D They can build new friendships and communities over the years.
E. People of all ages have more freedom to spend months away now.
F. There are many ways people choose to accomplish their snowbirding.
G. Whatever advantages or disadvantages, people will take whichever way they like.
【答案】36. A 37. E 38. F 39. G 40. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一些人们选择美国南部的阳光地带来过冬的原因以及他们为实现此目的的不同的方式的利弊和在温暖地方过冬带给人们的好处。
【详解】1.根据前文“Each year many people move to the Sun Belt in the southern United States.”（每年都有很多人搬到美国南部的阳光地带。）可推知，接下来可以谈论他们来到这里的目的。选项A.“They choose to seek a warm and sunny climate.”（他们选择温暖阳光充足的气候。）可知，温暖和阳光充足的气候是他们来此的目的。与前文逻辑相符，故选A。
2.根据前文“Most of the time people use the word snowbird in reference to retirees that travel to a southern state during the winter months. However, snowbirding is certainly not limited to retirees.”（大多数时候，人们用“候鸟老人”这个词来形容那些在冬季去南方旅行的退休人员。然而，“候鸟老人”肯定不仅限于退休人员。）可推知，接下来可以描述前文的“到温暖地带过冬的人”的行为也存在于其他的人群中。选项E.“People of all ages have more freedom to spend months away now.”（现在各个年龄段的人都有更多的自由，可以在外面度过几个月。）与文意符合，故选E。
3.根据下文“Some people like to travel in their RV(recreational vehicle), others have a second home in a location of their choosing. ”（有些人喜欢开着他们的房车(露营车)旅行，有些人在他们选择的地点拥有第二个家。）讲述了人们进行“snowbird”行为的方式，所以作为本段的中心句，空白处应总说人们为实现他们的目标的方式是什么。选项F.“There are many ways people choose to accomplish their snowbirding.”（人们有很多方法来完成他们到温暖地带过冬。）与文意相符，故选F。
4.根据前文“The second home provides ...They can also explore a wide variety of places.”（第二个家提供了房子所能提供一切，但它不允许自由探索。然而，房车旅行者可以去任何他们想去的地方。在房车里，这些到温暖地方过冬的人可以选择在一个地方建立可移动的住所。他们还可以探索各种各样的地方。）讲述了房车旅行到温暖的地方与在过冬地建立第二个家的利与弊，可知，不管是哪种形式，人们最终都实现了温暖过冬。所以接下来的内容应总说不管利弊如何，人们会根据自己的喜好来选择实现他们的目的。选项G.“Whatever advantages or disadvantages, people will take whichever way they like.”（无论优缺点如何，人们都会选择自己喜欢的方式。）与文意相符，故选G。
5.根据前文“For those people that have the ability to leave their homes for a few months during the winter to explore the southern areas, there are many benefits to have.”（对于那些能够在冬天离开家几个月，去南方探险的人来说，有很多好处。）提到了到南方过冬的好处。所以接下来的内容可以阐述具体的好处是什么。选项D.“They can build new friendships and communities over the years.”（多年来，他们可以建立新的友谊和社区。）与前文意义相符，故选D。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
An old saying goes that “Good fences make good neighbors.” With so many folks ____41____ to stay at home during the pandemic (流行病), good fences can also make good ____42____.
In Minneapolis, the Olson family lives next door to 99-year-old Mary. Although Mary’s daughter ____43____ once a week, for the most part, the pandemic left Mary alone. But with lockdown (封锁) ____44____ Mary managed to form a special friendship with one of her neighbors - Benjamin Olson, aged 2.
Over time, Mary watched through the chain-link as Benjamin learned to walk, talk, and ____45____ run and play. Despite the huge differences in their ____46____ Benjamin was drawn to his elderly neighbor, ____47____ in her presence. Between the two, they developed a ____48____ they could play over the fence. Benjamin would ____49____ her a ball and she’d hit it back to him with her stick.
While others might ____50____ at the 97-year gap between the two, when Benjamin sees Mary, he ____51____ sees a friend, not a number. Mary’s daughter believes the ____52____ has been a lifeline that’s kept her mum going through the long period.
When the lockdown was lifted, Benjamin ____53____ Mary on her back steps to play games that bring joy to both the young and the young at ____54____.
In August, when Mary celebrates her 100th birthday, the one thing she won’t be wishing for is a ____55____ friend. Benjamin is the one that has covered.
41. A. suspected B. invited C. allowed D. forced
42. A. relatives B. friends C. securities D. communities
43. A. calls B. rests C. visits D. prays
44. A. wearing on B. dying down C. put up D. dealt with
45. A. constantly B. surprisingly C. eventually D. immediately
46. A. attitudes B. knowledge C. ages D. belief
47. A. succeeding B. trusting C. taking D. delighting
48. A. game B. puzzle C. video D. role
49. A. show B. buy C. fetch D. pass
50. A. point B. wonder C. worry D. laugh
51. A. easily B. carefully C. simply D. possibly
52. A. relationship B. fence C. ball D. difference
53. A. inspired B. joined C. expected D. comforted
54. A. peace B. heart C. present D. hand
55. A. newest B. wisest C. youngest D. best
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. C 44. A 45. C 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. D 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. B 55. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了99岁的玛丽和2岁的本杰明在疫情隔离期间仍然通过栅栏做游戏建立了特殊的友谊的故事。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：流行病期间，这么多人被迫呆在家里，好的篱笆也能结交好朋友。A.suspected怀疑；B.invited邀请；C.allowed允许；D.forced强迫。结合空格后的“during the pandemic”（流行病期间），可知人们应该是被迫待在家里。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：流行病期间，这么多人被迫呆在家里，好的篱笆也能结交好朋友。A.relatives亲戚；B.friends朋友；C.securities安全；D.communities社区。结合文章内容，99岁的玛丽和2岁的本杰明成为朋友，可知构成短语make friends，意为：交朋友。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管玛丽的女儿每周去看望玛丽一次，但在大多数情况下，疫情让玛丽独自一人。A.calls打电话；B.rests休息；C.visits拜访，看望；D.prays祈祷。结合空格前的“Mary’s daughter”（玛丽的女儿）和空格后的“once a week”（一周一次），可以推断在疫情期间玛丽的女儿每周去看望玛丽一次。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但随着封锁缓慢进行，玛丽设法与她的一位邻居——2岁的本杰明·奥尔森建立了特殊的友谊。A.wearing on缓慢地进行，时间消逝；B.dying down逐渐衰弱；C.put up提供，张贴；D.dealt with处理。结合空格后的“Mary managed to form a special friendship with one of her neighbors - Benjamin Olson, aged 2.”（玛丽设法与她的一位邻居——2岁的本杰明·奥尔森建立了特殊的友谊。），可知是随着封锁缓慢进行。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，玛丽通过栅栏观看本杰明学会走路、说话，最终学会跑步和玩耍。A.constantly不断地；B.surprisingly令人惊讶地；C.eventually最终；D.immediately立即。 结合空格前的“learned to walk, talk”（学会走路、说话）和空格后的“run and play”（跑步和玩耍），可知在描述的是成长的过程，填入eventually符合题意。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管他们的年龄相差很大，本杰明还是被他的老邻居吸引了，在她在场时，他很高兴。A.attitudes态度；B.knowledge知识；C.ages年龄；D.belief信念。结合空格前的“the huge differences”（巨大的不同）可推断是99岁的玛丽和2岁的本杰明在年龄上的巨大不同。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他们的年龄相差很大，本杰明还是被他的老邻居吸引了，在她在场时，他很高兴。A.succeeding成功；B.trusting相信；C.taking带走；D.delighting使高兴。 根据空格前“Benjamin was drawn to his elderly neighbor”（本杰明还是被他的老邻居吸引了）和空格后的“in her presence”（在她在场时），可以推断是在她在场时，他很高兴。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这两人之间，他们发展了一种可以越过栅栏的游戏。A.game游戏；B.puzzle谜；C.video视频；D.role角色。结合空格后的“play”（玩）和后文介绍规则，可知是play a game，意为：玩游戏。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：本杰明会传给她一个球，她会用手杖把球打回给他。A.show展示；B.buy购买；C.fetch去取；D.pass通过，传球。根据空格后“she’d hit it back to him with her stick.”（她会用手杖把球打回给他。），可以推断前句表示本杰明会传给她一个球。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然其他人可能会对两者之间97岁的差距感到惊讶，但当本杰明看到玛丽时，他仅仅看到的是一个朋友，而不是一个数字。A.point点；B.wonder感到惊讶，想知道；C.worry担心；D.laugh笑。根据空格后“the 97-year gap between the two”（两者之间97岁的差距），推断应该是其他人感到惊讶。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然其他人可能会对两者之间97岁的差距感到惊讶，但当本杰明看到玛丽时，他仅仅看到的是一个朋友，而不是一个数字。A easily容易地；B.carefully仔细地；C.simply简单地，仅仅；D.possibly可能地。根据空格后的“sees a friend, not a number.”（看到的是一个朋友，而不是一个数字。），可知用simply表示“仅仅，只是”符合题意。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：玛丽的女儿认为，这种关系一直是她母亲经历长期封锁时期的生命线。A.relationship关系；B.fence栅栏；C.ball球；D.difference不同。根据空格后“has been a lifeline that’s kept her mum going through the long period.”（一直是她母亲经历长期封锁时期的生命线。），可以推断描述的是这种朋友关系。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当封锁解除后，本杰明加入玛丽一起坐在后台阶上玩带给年轻人和童心未泯的年轻人的游戏。A.inspired鼓舞；B.joined参加；C.expected期盼；D.comforted安慰。根据空格后“Mary on her back steps to play games”（玛丽一起坐在后台阶上玩游戏），可推断是加入玛丽一起玩游戏。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当封锁解除后，本杰明加入玛丽一起坐在后台阶上玩带给年轻人和童心未泯的年轻人的游戏。A.peace和平；B.heart心；C.present礼物；D.hand手。分析前后情节可知描述的the young指的是2岁的本杰明，the young at heart（童心未泯的年轻人）指的是99岁的玛丽。故选B。
【55题详解】
考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意：八月份，当玛丽庆祝她的100岁生日时，她唯一没有预料到的就是一个最好的朋友。A.newest最新的；B.wisest最明智的；C.youngest最年轻的；D.best最好的。结合文章主旨，2岁的本杰明是99岁玛丽的最好的朋友这件事是玛丽没有预料到的。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The natural wonder’s matchless beauty inspired the U.S. government to create the world’s first national park. The ____56____(discover) of Yellowstone helped characterize America’s identity with its vast, eye-catching scenery.
The powerful and natural springs ____57____(associate) with Yellowstone’s identity and picture landscape brought Yellowstone its fame. But today, its wildlife population is just ____58____ popular. The most controversial is Yellowstone’s wolf population.
This world has been finding excuses ____59____(kill) wolves. Afraid of the threat wolves would cause to their livestock (家畜), the hunters in the early 1900s hunted Yellowstone’s grey wolves to near extinction. Wolves had been absent from Yellowstone for more than 70 years, which ____60____(great) damaged the ecosystem.
It would be almost a century ____61____ an effort would begin to turn back this damage. In late 1994, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Canadian wildlife biologists caught wolves in Canada and freed ____62____ in Yellowstone. The returning wolves ____63____(recover) parts of the ecosystem that had changed sharply.“But there is not a quick fix for ____64____(mistake),” a university ecology professor said.
For ____65____ (inspire) the vision to preserve one of the world’s most beautiful natural wonders, Yellowstone is listed as one of the national wildlife conservation areas.
【答案】56. discovery
57. associated
58. as 59. to kill
60. greatly
61. before 62. them
63. recovered
64. mistakes
65. inspiring
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上第一个国家公园黄石公园在享有盛誉的同时，面临着狼的数量减少带来的生态系统的破坏以及为了扭转这一局面，美国做出的努力。
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：黄石公园的发现有助于以其广阔而引人注目的风景来帮助刻画美国的特征。在定冠词the后需要名词discovery（发现）作主语。故填discovery。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：与黄石公园的特性和风景画相关的强大而自然的泉水为黄石公园带来了声誉。句子谓语动词是brought，空格处需要非谓语动词，结合短语be associated with，意为“与……相关”，省略be在springs作后置定语符合题意。故填associated。
【58题详解】
考查副词。句意：但今天，它的野生动物数量同样受欢迎。分析句子可知句子采用了省略形式，原句应该为its wildlife population is just as popular as the powerful and natural springs，可知填入副词as符合题意。故填as。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这个世界一直在寻找杀死狼的借口。分析句子可知需要动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词excuses。故填to kill。
【60题详解】
考查副词。句意：狼已经离开黄石公园70多年了，这严重破坏了生态系统。分析句子可知空格处需要副词修饰动词damaged。故填greatly。
【61题详解】
考查连词。句意：几乎需要一个世纪的时间，一份努力才能开始扭转这一破坏局面。分析句子可知构成句型“it +will be+段时间+before…”，其中before可以翻译为“才”。故填before。
62题详解】
考查代词。句意：1994年底，美国鱼类和野生动物服务局和加拿大野生动物生物学家在加拿大捕获了狼，并在黄石公园释放了它们。分析句子可知动词freed之后缺少宾语，用宾格形式them指代前文提到的wolves符合题意。故填them。
【63题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：回归的狼恢复了急剧变化的部分生态系统。结合上一句中的时间状语In late 1994，可知句子陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，空格处是谓语动词，用过去式。故填recovered。
【64题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：但对于错误并没有一个快速修复方法。分析句子可知空格处填入名词复数表示泛指，在介词for后作宾语。故填mistakes。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了激发保护世界上最美丽的自然奇观之一的愿景，黄石公园被列为国家野生动物保护区之一。在介词For后需要动名词作宾语。故填inspiring。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）
66. 为了提高各学科学习效率，你校英语报开设了学习方法专栏。请你就自己感兴趣的学科投稿。
内容包括：推荐的方法和推荐的理由。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible Version
My favorite subject is history. Learning history requires a huge effort, but there are ways to speed up our progress.
To begin with, drawing a timeline is the most easy and effective way, which helps link all the events together, establish a connection between the facts and form a complete picture of the relative history in mind. Another way that can be very effective for history learning is watching fantastic docufilms, which are both educational and entertaining.
History is a very important subject, so we have to study it hard and smart.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。为了提高各学科学习效率，你校英语报开设了学习方法专栏。请考生就自己感兴趣的学科投稿，内容包括：推荐的方法和推荐的理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
巨大的：huge→enormous
方式：ways→approaches
帮助：help →assist
使快乐的:entertaining→pleasant
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：History is a very important subject, so we have to study it hard and smart.
拓展句：History is a very important subject, which we have to study hard and smart.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
To begin with, drawing a timeline is the most easy and effective way, which helps link all the events together, establish a connection between the facts and form a complete picture of the relative history in mind. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]
Another way that can be very effective for history learning is watching fantastic docufilms, which are both educational and entertaining. （运用了that引导的限制性定语从句和which引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Days of January were passing and every girl of the girls’ school was very happy as the selections for plays and dances for the annual function were started.
Sneha’s class teacher, Pravina, asked Sneha, her favorite student, to play the leading character in a play. Because she was never allowed to play a male character, Sneha jumped with joy, but suddenly she became so serious about the costumes (戏服).
“How many times I have to tell you not to participate in plays and dances! Can’t you understand that we can’t buy or borrow the costly costume? You can take part in debates, quizes, or essay competitions in which you don’t have to spend money and you can enrich your knowledge,” her mother said angrily when Sneha told her about it.
The reason behind all this was their financial condition. Sneha always had an idea about it in her home and she was mature enough to say NO to any money demanding condition. This time, however, the desire of fame and the excitement of the activity were overcoming her fear.
Sneha went in her room hiding her sadness deep in her heart. She was so nervous about what was going to happen when she would tell Pravina about leaving the play. Would she warn her not to allow her in any competition? Now it was clear that she had to leave the play.
The next day, downhearted Sneha acted like nothing had happened and got ready for school. Her mom ordered her to say NO for the play.
Sneha always loved Pravina because whenever there was a play or dance, the girls did not need to be worried about anything related with money. She would find a way to help. But Sneha didn’t want to tell her the truth.
Paragraph l:
Sneha went to the teacher,“I don’t want to take part in the play and I’m leaving.”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Pravina stood patiently, waiting for the performance to begin.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Sneha went to the teacher, “I don’t want to take part in the play and I’m leaving.” Her voice was so determined that Pravina wondered why she had such a change in her attitude. “Mum says I can learn more if I take part in a debate,” she looked away, trying to hide her unwillingness. Soon, Pravina made out what really was shouting in Sneha’s deep heart. With a smile on her face, Pravina promised not only could she perform in the play but she would get the chance to join in the debate. She offered a hand to her, saying there happened to be a costume at home which could be lent to her. Excited secretly, she knew she was going to attend the show.
Pravina stood patiently, waiting for the performance to begin. She was waiting for the precious moment when Sneha appeared in the costume she bought for Sneha’s dream. As the light faded out, the lead role came on stage and caught the attention of all the audience. Confident and brave, she vividly brought the character to life. Everyone cheered and applauded when the show ended as Sneha’s first male character turned out a big success. When Sneha was ready to give back the costume to Pravina, she was told to keep it as a reminder of not easily letting go of dreams.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开。Sneha的班主任老师Pravin要求Sneha在一部戏里扮演主要男性角色，但是由于购买或者租赁戏服的经济问题，母亲不同意她参加这次演出，并强烈要求她拒绝Pravin的邀请。她向Pravin提出不参演这次的演出。看出Sneha的心思之后，Pravin表示可以拿家里的戏服给她用。最后演出获得了成功。当Sneha要将戏服还给Pravin时，Pravin将戏服送给她，提醒她不要轻易放弃梦想。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Sneha对老师说:“我不想参加这个戏了，我要离开。”可知，第一段可描写Sneha拒绝老师的邀请，老师看穿后，表示可以借给她戏服。
②由第二段首句内容“Pravin耐心地站着，等待演出开始。”可知，第二段可描写演出获得成功，Pravin将戏服赠予她留作纪念。
2.续写线索：拒绝邀请——明白真相——提供帮助——表演开始——表演成功——赠予戏服
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.掩盖：hide/cover up/conceal
②.归还：go back/return
情绪类
①.不情愿：unwillingness/reluctance
②.兴奋：excited/trilled
【点睛】[高分句型1].Her voice was so determined that Pravina wondered why she had such a change in her attitude.（由连接词so…that…引导结果状语从句和why引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2].Confident and brave, she vividly brought the character to life.（运用了形容词作状语）
唐山市2021-2022学年度高三年级第一学期期末考试
英 语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第Ⅰ卷（共95分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Change the title. B. Take readers’ advice. C. Write another article.
【答案】A
【解析】
原文】M: I have read your article. It’s pretty good. But I think a better title will attract readers’ attention.
W: Thanks. What do you think will be better?
M: How about How to Stay Healthy Without Pills?
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How did the man get there?
A. By plane. B. By bus. C. By subway.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: What a surprise! How did you get here so fast?
M: I flew! I just parked my airplane across the street.
W: No, seriously. You rarely arrive on time.
M: Today I took the subway instead of the bus. It’s really convenient.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Wildlife. B. A project. C. Task time.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I like our project about birds and I am really interested in wildlife.
W: So am I. The task is so absorbing that I think we can finish it ahead of time.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man think of the movie?
A. Funny. B. Serious. C. Awful.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: What a movie! I couldn’t stop laughing the entire time.
M: I know. But I can’t believe that it got such terrible reviews. There are people who like serious films, though.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is probably the relationship between the speakers?
A. Doctor and patient.
B. Host and guest.
C. Salesperson and customer.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I need some help. My friend’s arms became red and swollen after having the dinner I prepared.
W: He might be allergic. Our store has a skin cream. It can temporarily reduce the pain.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
请听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Who is the display mainly intended for?
A. Current English majors.
B. Potential university applicants.
C. Students from various departments.
7. What will the woman do next?
A. Read. B. Design. C. Study.
【答案】6. B 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: I have to plan a display on British life and literature in the 19th century.
M: Is the display for the people studying English or students from other departments?
W: Neither. It is aimed at those who’re considering applying to study here next year. Who do you think is suitable for the theme?
M: I suggest using Charlie Dickens. Most people have probably read some of his novels.
W: It sounds like a good lead-in to life in his time. I think I can start it right now.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. How was the weather early in the morning?
A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy.
9. What is the woman’s attitude towards weather forecasters?
A. Disappointed. B. Ambiguous. C. Understanding.
【答案】8. A 9. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Why don’t we go to the beach this afternoon?
W: It looks like it’s going to start pouring any minute. Maybe we have to wait until tomorrow.
M: I can’t believe it! When I woke up early this morning, there wasn’t a cloud in the sky. And last night, weather forecasters predicted that today would be a beautiful day.
W: Weather is unpredictable sometimes. Even the best weatherman will make mistakes.
M: I know, but it seems like they never get it right.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What is this competition about?
A. Saving energy at home.
B. Reducing noise pollution.
C. Using technology creatively.
11. What is the stone used for?
A. Starting the machine.
B. Increasing air pressure.
C. Producing carbon dioxide.
12. Why does the woman come to the man?
A. To discuss the way of writing a paper.
B. To find the right material for a model.
C. To study the approach to detailed drawings.
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, Professor. Could you help me with my entry for the Design Competition?
M: OK. Are there any requirements? For example, saving energy or producing no noise?
W: Actually that was the focus in former competitions. We have to adopt a creative approach to existing technology this year.
M: I see. What is your design?
W: A dishwasher. Here is my drawing.
M: There’s a stone at the bottom. Is that for decoration?
W: No. Instead of pushing a button to start, you turn the stone.
M: Good, but what makes your design creative?
W: My idea is to give pressure to the carbon dioxide so that it becomes a liquid. The liquid is used to clean the dishes.
M: A brilliant idea!
W: Thank you. I have to give a presentation about the design. I’ve got detailed drawings and a 500-word paper on it, but I am not sure what material is suitable for a model of the machine.
M: I see.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What does the woman intend to do?
A. Develop some photos.
B. Get digital photos.
C. Beautify the photos.
14. How much does the woman need to pay?
A. $300. B. $240. C. $150.
15. Why is a cardboard box recommended?
A. It is stronger. B. It is cheaper. C. It is lighter.
16. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a photo studio.
B. Ina post office.
C. In an advertising company.
【答案】13. B 14. C 15. A 16. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Welcome to PictureSee. How can I help you?
W: I saw your advertisement about copying pictures to disk. Can I get my family photos changed to digital format here?
M: Sure, we can do that.
W: Fine. Can I send the photos to you?
M: Of course.
W: How do you charge then?
M: We charge $1 for each photo, and a 20% discount for more than 100 photos, and half the price for more than 200 photos.
W: OK. I’ve got about 300 photos, I think. I’ll get the photos packed up in a box and post them to you.
M: Right. If you’ve got a good cardboard box, that’s best. Plastic ones sometimes break in the post.
W: OK. Thanks for your help. Bye.
M: Bye.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What can Devil do?
A. Play music. B. Carry luggage. C. Remove blocks.
18. Which aspect of Devil is particularly mentioined for improvement?
A. Its steadiness. B. Its power. C. Its structure.
19. Why did Lin upload his video?
A. To kill time.
B. To record his life.
C. To influence more youth.
20. When did Lin realize his inventions could benefit others?
A. In 2018. B. In 2019. C. In 2021.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】When Bilibili uploader Lin Xiao had too many bags to carry, he built a robot to address the problem. The robot’s name? Devil!
The name comes from the background music Devil’s Swing. It looks like a suitcase, which can follow Lin everywhere and avoid blocks in its path. Besides carrying bags, it can be used for transport and even charge phones.
The robot has a steel structure and a 3D-printed plastic shell. The brain of the robot is powered by an electronics platform. Although it took eight months to make, Lin admits Devil is not good enough, particularly in its physical stability. Lin presented it in the video just to inspire more young people with the imagination and passion to create.
Lin’s passion for robotics began in his first year at high school in 2018, when a teacher discovered his talent for computers and advanced his skills. One year later, he developed a smart home system, which made him understand how his products could help others. As a university freshman now, Lin believes he and his products will make a difference in the future.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Oyster is pleased to offer sea conservation volunteers the opportunity to take part in a 3-day diving course in South Africa.
What qualification will I receive?
●Upon successful completion of the e-learning and the practical course, you will receive a NAUI (National Association of Underwater Instructors) diving qualification.
What are the requirements?
●You will need to be staying for a minimum period of 2 weeks on the shark volunteering project. (It’s highly recommended that you join for 4 weeks, so that you can throw yourself into the volunteer project and allow for bad weather.)
●Completion of a medical evaluation form before taking part in the course.
How does it work?
●Before arrival in South Africa, you will start an e-learning course.
●The e-learning course takes about 14 hours to complete.
●Once in South Africa, you will receive 17 hours of practical instruction, of which 10 hours are spent in the water.
●You will not have a set date for your diving course before departure, as this is dependent on weather.
How much does it cost?
Learning to dive in South Africa as part of the sea conservation volunteering project will cost just $350. Payment must be made in advance to secure your place.
How do I book?
In person: The Volunteer Office is open on weekdays between 10 a.m. and 8 p.m..
By telephone: Dial (323) 641-7416 to reserve. The line is available from 1 p.m. to 6 p.m..
By post: Complete the application and return it to the Volunteer Office before Oct. 14th.
Through website: Visit our website www.oysterworldwide.com.
21. Which is necessary for a course-taker?
A. Organizing a shark volunteering project.
B. Being equipped with weather knowledge.
C. Taking an e-learning course in South Africa.
D. Presenting a clinical assessment of health status.
22. What is the total hours of the complete course?
A. 14. B. 17. C. 27. D. 31.
23. How can one book the course?
A. By visiting the official site of Oyster.
B. By mailing the application in December.
C. By going to the Volunteer Office on Sunday.
D. By telephoning (323) 641-7416 in the morning.
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章就参加为期三天的南非潜水课程的参加者的要求、花费、课程安排及如何报名进行了说明。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“What are the requirements?”部分中“Completion of a medical evaluation form before taking part in the course.”（在参加课程之前完成一份医学评估表。）可知，要参加这个课程的话，参加者需要先完成一项医学评估表，即要提交健康状况的临床评估。选项D与文意相符，故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“How does it work?”部分中“The e-learning course takes about 14 hours to complete.”（网上学习课程需时约14小时完成。）“Once in South Africa, you will receive 17 hours of practical instruction”（一旦到了南非，你们将接受17小时的实践指导）可知，参加这个课程的学习需要14小时的网上学习加上17小时的实践指导。所以完成课程的总计时间为31小时。选项D与文意相符，故选D。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“How do I book?”部分中“Through website: Visit our website www.oysterworldwide.com.”（浏览我们的网页: www.oysterworldwide.com）可知，预定该课程的方式之一就是浏览他们的网站。选项A与文意相符，故选A。
B
Candles were burning bright, exciting my two-year-old son, Jack, who moved forward to blow them out.
Jack’s third birthday was still a few months away but ever since his dad Gary’s big day earlier that year, my son hadn’t stopped talking about celebrating his own. His ,older brothers Oliver, 6, and Josh, 10, were happy to sing the birthday song with him.
But, over time, I grew concerned that Jack wasn’t well. My lovely boy was now a shadow of his former self. How could I ignore it, though doctors weren’t too concerned?
One day I was at work and shared my fears with a colleague. She comforted me and said it was safe to be careful. When I returned home later, I packed a bag and prepared to take Jack to hospital.
At the hospital, 1just couldn’t shake the feeling that bad news was coming. My suspicions(怀疑) were confirmed. We were told he had a very rare form of cancer.
Jack was going downhill rapidly. Gary and I took it in turns to stay with him in the hospital.“Your birthday’s coming up,”I told Jack each day, hoping he could remember the times we had sung him happy birthday before.
“Jack’s only option is a stem cell transplant (干细胞移植), and a brother or a sister might be the best chance you have.” a doctor told us. “He can have my head if he needs it!” Josh cried. Oliver wasn’t as enthusiastic as his older brother, but it was a huge relief when he was confirmed as a match.
Doctors were cautious about saying Oliver might save Jack’s life in case it didn’t work as planned. To their relief, the result was comforting. They were moved by Oliver’s bravery.
Oliver, now seven, really did save his little brother and they’re now closer than ever.“I didn’t want to do it at the very beginning but at the end I kind of regretted feeling like that because now I know how important it was.” he said.
24. What mainly contributed to the earlier discovery of Jack’s illness?
A. Doctors’ increasing concern.
B. Jack’s discomfort after the party.
C. His mother’s natural power and love.
D. His mother’s colleague’s reminding.
25. Why did Jack’s mother mention his birthday each day?
A. To strengthen their memories.
B. To encourage Jack to survive.
C. To prepare Jack for his birthday.
D. To make Gary and herself relaxed.
26. What can we infer about Oliver?
A. He hesitated to donate his stem cells at first.
B. He had a bad relationship with his brothers.
C. He envied his mother’s care of Jack.
D. He was braver than his older brother.
27. What is the passage mainly about?
A. It’s never too late to save a life.
B. Magic always comes from belief.
C. A brother in need is a brother indeed.
D. The power to cure comes from the family.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了快要三周的杰克被诊断为患有一种罕见的癌症，只有通过干细胞移植才能存活，两个哥哥努力配合医生，最后奥利弗挽救了弟弟的生命，展示了：治愈的力量来自家庭。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But, over time, I grew concerned that Jack wasn’t well. My lovely boy was now a shadow of his former self. How could I ignore it, though doctors weren’t too concerned?”（但是，随着时间的推移，我越来越担心杰克的情况不太好。我那可爱的儿子现在完全变了样。虽然医生们都不太担心，但我怎么能视而不见呢?），可知是他母亲的天性和爱促成了杰克疾病的早期发现。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Jack was going downhill rapidly. Gary and I took it in turns to stay with him in the hospital.“Your birthday’s coming up,”I told Jack each day, hoping he could remember the times we had sung him happy birthday before.”（杰克正在迅速下坡。加里和我轮流陪他住院。“你的生日快到了，”我每天都对杰克说，希望他能记得我们以前给他唱过的生日快乐歌。）可知，杰克的母亲每天都提到他的生日是为了鼓励杰克活下来。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“I didn’t want to do it at the very beginning but at the end I kind of regretted feeling like that because now I know how important it was.” he said.（“一开始我不想这么做，但最后我有点后悔，因为现在我知道这有多重要了。”他说。），可知关于奥利弗，我们能推断出：他起初对捐献干细胞犹豫不决。故选A。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章倒数第三段前两句““Jack’s only option is a stem cell transplant (干细胞移植), and a brother or a sister might be the best chance you have.” a doctor told us. “He can have my head if he needs it!” Josh cried. ”（“杰克唯一选择是干细胞移植，兄弟姐妹可能是你最好的选择。”一位医生告诉我们。“如果他需要我的头，他可以用它！”乔希哭着说。）和最后一段“Oliver, now seven, really did save his little brother and they’re now closer than ever.“I didn’t want to do it at the very beginning but at the end I kind of regretted feeling like that because now I know how important it was.” he said.”（奥利弗，现在七岁了，真的救了他的弟弟，他们现在比以前更亲密了。“一开始我不想这么做，但最后我有点后悔，因为现在我知道这有多重要了。”他说。），可知这篇文章主要讲述了两个哥哥努力救助得了癌症的弟弟，最终奥利弗通过干细胞移植救了弟弟杰克的生命的故事。所以D选项（治愈的力量来自家庭。）是文章的主旨。故选D。
C
When Shakespeare called sleep “nature’s soft nurse”, he was certainly onto something. Centuries later, researchers have’ found that inadequate sleep in children affects their emotional functioning in ways that may predict longer- term social problems. A new study, conducted by a professor of psychology, Candice Alfano, examined whether changes in children’s facial expressions of emotion after sleep restriction (限制) predict social problems concurrently (同时发生) and/or over time.
“Sleep problems in children are routinely linked with lower social competence and more problems in peer (同龄) relationships, but we really don’t understand what drives these associations,” reports Alfano, assuming that the answers might partly lie in the ways children’s faces express emotions when tired.
To test this theory, Alfano and colleagues examined 37 children between the ages of 7 and 11 during two in-lab emotional assessments: one when children were well-rested and the other after two nights of partial sleep restriction. During these assessments, children viewed positive(think kittens and ice cream) and negative (think getting a shot and fierce dogs) pictures on a computer screen while a camera recorded their facial expressions. Participants’ parents provided reports of their child’s social functioning at that time and approximately two years later.
“As we suspected, children who displayed less positive facial expressions in response to pleasant images when sleep was restricted were reported to have more social problems two years later, even when controlling for earlier social problems.” said Alfano.
Although concurrent relationships between sleep-based changes in facial expressions and social problems were not found, Alfano suggests that this may be due to developmental differences in social behavior and peer relationships.
“For younger children, more clearly-shown behaviors such as sharing and taking turns may be more important for friendships than facial expressions. However, emotional expression becomes more important with age, explains Alfano.
The results indicate poor sleep quality in childhood forecasts later socio-emotional problems and also indicate the importance of studies exploring how sleep affects many aspects of children’s mental health and well-being.
28. Why is Shakespeare’s comparison used?
A. To compare different attitudes towards sleep.
B. To show good sleep is essential to our health.
C. To indicate man’s energy is closely related to sleep.
D. To create the connection between art and research .
29. What was the research mainly targeted at?
A. Sleeping amount. B. Children’s health.
C. Facial expressions. D. Emotional problems.
30. What role did the parents play in the study?
A. Research testers. B. Media reporters.
C. Data collectors. D. Experiment organizers.
31. What can we infer from Alfano?
A. Overtired children’s expressions can tell their present social problems.
B. More factors influence children’s concurrent social functioning.
C. Good sleep is sure to guarantee a good peer relationship.
D. Age will help reduce emotional problems.
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过一系列的研究论证了睡眠不足的危害。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When Shakespeare called sleep “nature’s soft nurse”, he was certainly onto something. Centuries later, researchers have’ found that inadequate sleep in children affects their emotional functioning in ways that may predict longer- term social problems.（当莎士比亚称睡眠为“大自然的温柔护士”时，他确实说到了点子上。几个世纪后，研究人员发现，儿童睡眠不足会影响他们的情绪功能，这可能预示着他们会出现长期的社会问题。）”可推断，文章用莎士比亚的比喻，是为了显示良好的睡眠对我们的健康是重要的。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“During these assessments, children viewed positive(think kittens and ice cream) and negative (think getting a shot and fierce dogs) pictures on a computer screen while a camera recorded their facial expressions.（在这些评估中，孩子们在电脑屏幕上看到积极的(比如小猫和冰淇淋)和消极的(比如拍照和凶猛的狗)图片，同时有摄像机记录下他们的面部表情。）”可知，这项研究主要针对得是面部表情。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Participants’ parents provided reports of their child’s social functioning at that time and approximately two years later.（参与者的父母提供了他们孩子当时和大约两年后的社会功能报告。）”可知，父母在研究主要负责数据收集。故选C。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Alfano说的话“For younger children, more clearly-shown behaviors such as sharing and taking turns may be more important for friendships than facial expressions. However, emotional expression becomes more important with age, explains Alfano.（对于年龄更小的孩子来说，分享和轮流等更清晰的行为可能比面部表情对友谊更重要。然而，随着年龄的增长，情感表达变得越来越重要，阿尔法诺解释说。）”可推断，更多的因素会影响儿童同时社会功能。故选B。
D
Urban transport is a part of everyday life. When we can move around with ease, we don’t just benefit as individuals - we benefit as a society. It would be a win-win to make public transport free for users and pay for it out of general tax.
At first the idea might seem unworkable, but we just need to cast our eyes to one of the cities that have already performed it. Tallinn, capital of Estonia, has gone part of the way there. The city’s residents pay a small fee for a pass that gives them free access to public transport, but tourists still need full payment. In one sense, this supports the city’s transport budget, but it also means there is still a need for expensive ticketing equipment. Wouldn’t it be simpler to remove ticketing altogether and instead charge a tourist tax for overnight stays?
In Luxembourg, from 2020, ministers decided to abolish fares on trains, trams and buses to stop the deepening gap between rich and poor. Transport is not only free to its 600,000 residents, but also many tourists. In 2019, Delhi’s chief minister announced free bus rides for women to address the fact that women were far less likely to be travelling on buses and trains in the first place. The fact that this plan has been rolled out in a region with a 16.9 million population is an encouraging sign that free transport isn’t only workable for small cities.
There is, however, a challenging issue with free travel - the potential for bosses to use it as an opportunity to cut staffing. Such concerns made transport unions oppose free travel. Passenger campaign groups should work with transport unions to make a dual (双重的) demand for free urban transport. Ticket clerks who currently perform spot-checks should be trained to provide assistance to anyone who requires help on board.
Free travel is not a cure for everything. But as well as the potential for reducing car usage, it could help make public transport safe, secure and accessible for all.
32. How does the author like Tallinn’s practice?
A. It needs better equipment.
B. It can move forward.
C. It is a perfect model.
D. It is bad for tourism.
33. Why are statistics used in Paragraph3?
A. To show the benefits of free travel.
B. To stress the necessity of free travel.
C. To prove the practicality of free travel.
D. To measure the influence of free travel.
34. What is suggested for transport unions?
A. Workers should be transformed.
B. Campaign groups should be ignored.
C. Ticket workers should be fired.
D. They should talk with bosses.
35. What is the best title for the passage?
A. When Can Free Public Transport Serve People Better?
B. How Can Problems from Free Transport Be Solved?
C. Why is Free Transport Different in Different Cities?
D. What If Urban Transport Were Free for All of Us?
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是城市免费交通的好处。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In one sense, this supports the city’s transport budget, but it also means there is still a need for expensive ticketing equipment. Wouldn’t it be simpler to remove ticketing altogether and instead charge a tourist tax for overnight stays?（从某种意义上说，这支持了该市的交通预算，但这也意味着仍然需要昂贵的售票设备。完全取消票务，对在此过夜的游客收取旅游税，不是更简单吗?）”可知，作者认为塔林的做法还可以改善并向前推进。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Transport is not only free to its 600,000 residents, but also many tourists. In 2019, Delhi’s chief minister announced free bus rides for women to address the fact that women were far less likely to be travelling on buses and trains in the first place. The fact that this plan has been rolled out in a region with a 16.9 million population is an encouraging sign that free transport isn’t only workable for small cities.（交通不仅对60万居民免费，对许多游客也免费。2019年，德里首席部长宣布女性可免费乘坐公交车，以解决女性乘坐公交车和火车的可能性大大降低的问题。这项计划在一个拥有1690万人口的地区推出，这是一个令人鼓舞的迹象，表明免费交通不仅适用于小城市。）”可推断，本段通过数据向我们阐述免费旅行的实用性。故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Passenger campaign groups should work with transport unions to make a dual demand for free urban transport. Ticket clerks who currently perform spot-checks should be trained to provide assistance to anyone who requires help on board.（乘客运动团体应该与交通工会合作，提出免费城市交通的双重要求。目前执行抽查的票务人员应接受培训，为机上任何需要帮助的人提供帮助。）”可知，交通工会的职员可以通过学习培训改变技能以适应这一免费交通的改变。故选A。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“But as well as the potential for reducing car usage, it could help make public transport safe, secure and accessible for all.（但是，除了减少汽车使用的潜力外，它还可以帮助公共交通变得安全、安全、方便。）”及全文可知，文章主要介绍的是城市免费交通的好处。所以“What If Urban Transport Were Free for All of Us?(如果城市交通对我们所有人都是免费的呢?)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Each year many people move to the Sun Belt in the southern United States. ____36____ No matter where these people come from or where they go, snowbirding is a great way to enjoy the best weather of the country and enjoy the wide variety of places.
Most of the time people use the word snowbird in reference to retirees that travel to a southern state during the winter months. However, snowbirding is certainly not limited to retirees. ____37____ A large population of snowbirds usually choose California, Arizona, Florida and Texas, which have their mild weather during the winter.
____38____ Some people like to travel in their RV(recreational vehicle), others have a second home in a location of their choosing. The second home provides all that a house can offer, but it doesn’t allow the freedom to explore. RV travelers, however, can get to wherever they want. In an RV, snowbirds can choose to set up a moveable residence in one spot. They can also explore a wide variety of places.____39____.
For those people that have the ability to leave their homes for a few months during the winter to explore the southern areas, there are many benefits to have. ____40____.By snowbirding, they can also escape the cold. While this may seem purely for comfort, it can be for health and safety reasons as well.
A. They choose to seek a warm and sunny climate.
B. Retired people, of course, will take advantage of it.
C. Many snowbirds travel in their RVs around the Sun Belt.
D They can build new friendships and communities over the years.
E. People of all ages have more freedom to spend months away now.
F. There are many ways people choose to accomplish their snowbirding.
G. Whatever advantages or disadvantages, people will take whichever way they like.
【答案】36. A 37. E 38. F 39. G 40. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一些人们选择美国南部的阳光地带来过冬的原因以及他们为实现此目的的不同的方式的利弊和在温暖地方过冬带给人们的好处。
【详解】1.根据前文“Each year many people move to the Sun Belt in the southern United States.”（每年都有很多人搬到美国南部的阳光地带。）可推知，接下来可以谈论他们来到这里的目的。选项A.“They choose to seek a warm and sunny climate.”（他们选择温暖阳光充足的气候。）可知，温暖和阳光充足的气候是他们来此的目的。与前文逻辑相符，故选A。
2.根据前文“Most of the time people use the word snowbird in reference to retirees that travel to a southern state during the winter months. However, snowbirding is certainly not limited to retirees.”（大多数时候，人们用“候鸟老人”这个词来形容那些在冬季去南方旅行的退休人员。然而，“候鸟老人”肯定不仅限于退休人员。）可推知，接下来可以描述前文的“到温暖地带过冬的人”的行为也存在于其他的人群中。选项E.“People of all ages have more freedom to spend months away now.”（现在各个年龄段的人都有更多的自由，可以在外面度过几个月。）与文意符合，故选E。
3.根据下文“Some people like to travel in their RV(recreational vehicle), others have a second home in a location of their choosing. ”（有些人喜欢开着他们的房车(露营车)旅行，有些人在他们选择的地点拥有第二个家。）讲述了人们进行“snowbird”行为的方式，所以作为本段的中心句，空白处应总说人们为实现他们的目标的方式是什么。选项F.“There are many ways people choose to accomplish their snowbirding.”（人们有很多方法来完成他们到温暖地带过冬。）与文意相符，故选F。
4.根据前文“The second home provides ...They can also explore a wide variety of places.”（第二个家提供了房子所能提供一切，但它不允许自由探索。然而，房车旅行者可以去任何他们想去的地方。在房车里，这些到温暖地方过冬的人可以选择在一个地方建立可移动的住所。他们还可以探索各种各样的地方。）讲述了房车旅行到温暖的地方与在过冬地建立第二个家的利与弊，可知，不管是哪种形式，人们最终都实现了温暖过冬。所以接下来的内容应总说不管利弊如何，人们会根据自己的喜好来选择实现他们的目的。选项G.“Whatever advantages or disadvantages, people will take whichever way they like.”（无论优缺点如何，人们都会选择自己喜欢的方式。）与文意相符，故选G。
5.根据前文“For those people that have the ability to leave their homes for a few months during the winter to explore the southern areas, there are many benefits to have.”（对于那些能够在冬天离开家几个月，去南方探险的人来说，有很多好处。）提到了到南方过冬的好处。所以接下来的内容可以阐述具体的好处是什么。选项D.“They can build new friendships and communities over the years.”（多年来，他们可以建立新的友谊和社区。）与前文意义相符，故选D。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
An old saying goes that “Good fences make good neighbors.” With so many folks ____41____ to stay at home during the pandemic (流行病), good fences can also make good ____42____.
In Minneapolis, the Olson family lives next door to 99-year-old Mary. Although Mary’s daughter ____43____ once a week, for the most part, the pandemic left Mary alone. But with lockdown (封锁) ____44____ Mary managed to form a special friendship with one of her neighbors - Benjamin Olson, aged 2.
Over time, Mary watched through the chain-link as Benjamin learned to walk, talk, and ____45____ run and play. Despite the huge differences in their ____46____ Benjamin was drawn to his elderly neighbor, ____47____ in her presence. Between the two, they developed a ____48____ they could play over the fence. Benjamin would ____49____ her a ball and she’d hit it back to him with her stick.
While others might ____50____ at the 97-year gap between the two, when Benjamin sees Mary, he ____51____ sees a friend, not a number. Mary’s daughter believes the ____52____ has been a lifeline that’s kept her mum going through the long period.
When the lockdown was lifted, Benjamin ____53____ Mary on her back steps to play games that bring joy to both the young and the young at ____54____.
In August, when Mary celebrates her 100th birthday, the one thing she won’t be wishing for is a ____55____ friend. Benjamin is the one that has covered.
41. A. suspected B. invited C. allowed D. forced
42. A. relatives B. friends C. securities D. communities
43. A. calls B. rests C. visits D. prays
44. A. wearing on B. dying down C. put up D. dealt with
45. A. constantly B. surprisingly C. eventually D. immediately
46. A. attitudes B. knowledge C. ages D. belief
47. A. succeeding B. trusting C. taking D. delighting
48. A. game B. puzzle C. video D. role
49. A. show B. buy C. fetch D. pass
50. A. point B. wonder C. worry D. laugh
51. A. easily B. carefully C. simply D. possibly
52. A. relationship B. fence C. ball D. difference
53. A. inspired B. joined C. expected D. comforted
54. A. peace B. heart C. present D. hand
55. A. newest B. wisest C. youngest D. best
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. C 44. A 45. C 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. D 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. B 55. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了99岁的玛丽和2岁的本杰明在疫情隔离期间仍然通过栅栏做游戏建立了特殊的友谊的故事。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：流行病期间，这么多人被迫呆在家里，好的篱笆也能结交好朋友。A.suspected怀疑；B.invited邀请；C.allowed允许；D.forced强迫。结合空格后的“during the pandemic”（流行病期间），可知人们应该是被迫待在家里。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：流行病期间，这么多人被迫呆在家里，好的篱笆也能结交好朋友。A.relatives亲戚；B.friends朋友；C.securities安全；D.communities社区。结合文章内容，99岁的玛丽和2岁的本杰明成为朋友，可知构成短语make friends，意为：交朋友。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管玛丽的女儿每周去看望玛丽一次，但在大多数情况下，疫情让玛丽独自一人。A.calls打电话；B.rests休息；C.visits拜访，看望；D.prays祈祷。结合空格前的“Mary’s daughter”（玛丽的女儿）和空格后的“once a week”（一周一次），可以推断在疫情期间玛丽的女儿每周去看望玛丽一次。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但随着封锁缓慢进行，玛丽设法与她的一位邻居——2岁的本杰明·奥尔森建立了特殊的友谊。A.wearing on缓慢地进行，时间消逝；B.dying down逐渐衰弱；C.put up提供，张贴；D.dealt with处理。结合空格后的“Mary managed to form a special friendship with one of her neighbors - Benjamin Olson, aged 2.”（玛丽设法与她的一位邻居——2岁的本杰明·奥尔森建立了特殊的友谊。），可知是随着封锁缓慢进行。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，玛丽通过栅栏观看本杰明学会走路、说话，最终学会跑步和玩耍。A.constantly不断地；B.surprisingly令人惊讶地；C.eventually最终；D.immediately立即。 结合空格前的“learned to walk, talk”（学会走路、说话）和空格后的“run and play”（跑步和玩耍），可知在描述的是成长的过程，填入eventually符合题意。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管他们的年龄相差很大，本杰明还是被他的老邻居吸引了，在她在场时，他很高兴。A.attitudes态度；B.knowledge知识；C.ages年龄；D.belief信念。结合空格前的“the huge differences”（巨大的不同）可推断是99岁的玛丽和2岁的本杰明在年龄上的巨大不同。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他们的年龄相差很大，本杰明还是被他的老邻居吸引了，在她在场时，他很高兴。A.succeeding成功；B.trusting相信；C.taking带走；D.delighting使高兴。 根据空格前“Benjamin was drawn to his elderly neighbor”（本杰明还是被他的老邻居吸引了）和空格后的“in her presence”（在她在场时），可以推断是在她在场时，他很高兴。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这两人之间，他们发展了一种可以越过栅栏的游戏。A.game游戏；B.puzzle谜；C.video视频；D.role角色。结合空格后的“play”（玩）和后文介绍规则，可知是play a game，意为：玩游戏。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：本杰明会传给她一个球，她会用手杖把球打回给他。A.show展示；B.buy购买；C.fetch去取；D.pass通过，传球。根据空格后“she’d hit it back to him with her stick.”（她会用手杖把球打回给他。），可以推断前句表示本杰明会传给她一个球。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然其他人可能会对两者之间97岁的差距感到惊讶，但当本杰明看到玛丽时，他仅仅看到的是一个朋友，而不是一个数字。A.point点；B.wonder感到惊讶，想知道；C.worry担心；D.laugh笑。根据空格后“the 97-year gap between the two”（两者之间97岁的差距），推断应该是其他人感到惊讶。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然其他人可能会对两者之间97岁的差距感到惊讶，但当本杰明看到玛丽时，他仅仅看到的是一个朋友，而不是一个数字。A easily容易地；B.carefully仔细地；C.simply简单地，仅仅；D.possibly可能地。根据空格后的“sees a friend, not a number.”（看到的是一个朋友，而不是一个数字。），可知用simply表示“仅仅，只是”符合题意。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：玛丽的女儿认为，这种关系一直是她母亲经历长期封锁时期的生命线。A.relationship关系；B.fence栅栏；C.ball球；D.difference不同。根据空格后“has been a lifeline that’s kept her mum going through the long period.”（一直是她母亲经历长期封锁时期的生命线。），可以推断描述的是这种朋友关系。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当封锁解除后，本杰明加入玛丽一起坐在后台阶上玩带给年轻人和童心未泯的年轻人的游戏。A.inspired鼓舞；B.joined参加；C.expected期盼；D.comforted安慰。根据空格后“Mary on her back steps to play games”（玛丽一起坐在后台阶上玩游戏），可推断是加入玛丽一起玩游戏。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当封锁解除后，本杰明加入玛丽一起坐在后台阶上玩带给年轻人和童心未泯的年轻人的游戏。A.peace和平；B.heart心；C.present礼物；D.hand手。分析前后情节可知描述的the young指的是2岁的本杰明，the young at heart（童心未泯的年轻人）指的是99岁的玛丽。故选B。
【55题详解】
考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意：八月份，当玛丽庆祝她的100岁生日时，她唯一没有预料到的就是一个最好的朋友。A.newest最新的；B.wisest最明智的；C.youngest最年轻的；D.best最好的。结合文章主旨，2岁的本杰明是99岁玛丽的最好的朋友这件事是玛丽没有预料到的。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The natural wonder’s matchless beauty inspired the U.S. government to create the world’s first national park. The ____56____(discover) of Yellowstone helped characterize America’s identity with its vast, eye-catching scenery.
The powerful and natural springs ____57____(associate) with Yellowstone’s identity and picture landscape brought Yellowstone its fame. But today, its wildlife population is just ____58____ popular. The most controversial is Yellowstone’s wolf population.
This world has been finding excuses ____59____(kill) wolves. Afraid of the threat wolves would cause to their livestock (家畜), the hunters in the early 1900s hunted Yellowstone’s grey wolves to near extinction. Wolves had been absent from Yellowstone for more than 70 years, which ____60____(great) damaged the ecosystem.
It would be almost a century ____61____ an effort would begin to turn back this damage. In late 1994, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Canadian wildlife biologists caught wolves in Canada and freed ____62____ in Yellowstone. The returning wolves ____63____(recover) parts of the ecosystem that had changed sharply.“But there is not a quick fix for ____64____(mistake),” a university ecology professor said.
For ____65____ (inspire) the vision to preserve one of the world’s most beautiful natural wonders, Yellowstone is listed as one of the national wildlife conservation areas.
【答案】56. discovery
57. associated
58. as 59. to kill
60. greatly
61. before 62. them
63. recovered
64. mistakes
65. inspiring
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上第一个国家公园黄石公园在享有盛誉的同时，面临着狼的数量减少带来的生态系统的破坏以及为了扭转这一局面，美国做出的努力。
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：黄石公园的发现有助于以其广阔而引人注目的风景来帮助刻画美国的特征。在定冠词the后需要名词discovery（发现）作主语。故填discovery。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：与黄石公园的特性和风景画相关的强大而自然的泉水为黄石公园带来了声誉。句子谓语动词是brought，空格处需要非谓语动词，结合短语be associated with，意为“与……相关”，省略be在springs作后置定语符合题意。故填associated。
【58题详解】
考查副词。句意：但今天，它的野生动物数量同样受欢迎。分析句子可知句子采用了省略形式，原句应该为its wildlife population is just as popular as the powerful and natural springs，可知填入副词as符合题意。故填as。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这个世界一直在寻找杀死狼的借口。分析句子可知需要动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词excuses。故填to kill。
【60题详解】
考查副词。句意：狼已经离开黄石公园70多年了，这严重破坏了生态系统。分析句子可知空格处需要副词修饰动词damaged。故填greatly。
【61题详解】
考查连词。句意：几乎需要一个世纪的时间，一份努力才能开始扭转这一破坏局面。分析句子可知构成句型“it +will be+段时间+before…”，其中before可以翻译为“才”。故填before。
62题详解】
考查代词。句意：1994年底，美国鱼类和野生动物服务局和加拿大野生动物生物学家在加拿大捕获了狼，并在黄石公园释放了它们。分析句子可知动词freed之后缺少宾语，用宾格形式them指代前文提到的wolves符合题意。故填them。
【63题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：回归的狼恢复了急剧变化的部分生态系统。结合上一句中的时间状语In late 1994，可知句子陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，空格处是谓语动词，用过去式。故填recovered。
【64题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：但对于错误并没有一个快速修复方法。分析句子可知空格处填入名词复数表示泛指，在介词for后作宾语。故填mistakes。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了激发保护世界上最美丽的自然奇观之一的愿景，黄石公园被列为国家野生动物保护区之一。在介词For后需要动名词作宾语。故填inspiring。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）
66. 为了提高各学科学习效率，你校英语报开设了学习方法专栏。请你就自己感兴趣的学科投稿。
内容包括：推荐的方法和推荐的理由。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible Version
My favorite subject is history. Learning history requires a huge effort, but there are ways to speed up our progress.
To begin with, drawing a timeline is the most easy and effective way, which helps link all the events together, establish a connection between the facts and form a complete picture of the relative history in mind. Another way that can be very effective for history learning is watching fantastic docufilms, which are both educational and entertaining.
History is a very important subject, so we have to study it hard and smart.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。为了提高各学科学习效率，你校英语报开设了学习方法专栏。请考生就自己感兴趣的学科投稿，内容包括：推荐的方法和推荐的理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
巨大的：huge→enormous
方式：ways→approaches
帮助：help →assist
使快乐的:entertaining→pleasant
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：History is a very important subject, so we have to study it hard and smart.
拓展句：History is a very important subject, which we have to study hard and smart.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
To begin with, drawing a timeline is the most easy and effective way, which helps link all the events together, establish a connection between the facts and form a complete picture of the relative history in mind. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]
Another way that can be very effective for history learning is watching fantastic docufilms, which are both educational and entertaining. （运用了that引导的限制性定语从句和which引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Days of January were passing and every girl of the girls’ school was very happy as the selections for plays and dances for the annual function were started.
Sneha’s class teacher, Pravina, asked Sneha, her favorite student, to play the leading character in a play. Because she was never allowed to play a male character, Sneha jumped with joy, but suddenly she became so serious about the costumes (戏服).
“How many times I have to tell you not to participate in plays and dances! Can’t you understand that we can’t buy or borrow the costly costume? You can take part in debates, quizes, or essay competitions in which you don’t have to spend money and you can enrich your knowledge,” her mother said angrily when Sneha told her about it.
The reason behind all this was their financial condition. Sneha always had an idea about it in her home and she was mature enough to say NO to any money demanding condition. This time, however, the desire of fame and the excitement of the activity were overcoming her fear.
Sneha went in her room hiding her sadness deep in her heart. She was so nervous about what was going to happen when she would tell Pravina about leaving the play. Would she warn her not to allow her in any competition? Now it was clear that she had to leave the play.
The next day, downhearted Sneha acted like nothing had happened and got ready for school. Her mom ordered her to say NO for the play.
Sneha always loved Pravina because whenever there was a play or dance, the girls did not need to be worried about anything related with money. She would find a way to help. But Sneha didn’t want to tell her the truth.
Paragraph l:
Sneha went to the teacher,“I don’t want to take part in the play and I’m leaving.”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Pravina stood patiently, waiting for the performance to begin.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Sneha went to the teacher, “I don’t want to take part in the play and I’m leaving.” Her voice was so determined that Pravina wondered why she had such a change in her attitude. “Mum says I can learn more if I take part in a debate,” she looked away, trying to hide her unwillingness. Soon, Pravina made out what really was shouting in Sneha’s deep heart. With a smile on her face, Pravina promised not only could she perform in the play but she would get the chance to join in the debate. She offered a hand to her, saying there happened to be a costume at home which could be lent to her. Excited secretly, she knew she was going to attend the show.
Pravina stood patiently, waiting for the performance to begin. She was waiting for the precious moment when Sneha appeared in the costume she bought for Sneha’s dream. As the light faded out, the lead role came on stage and caught the attention of all the audience. Confident and brave, she vividly brought the character to life. Everyone cheered and applauded when the show ended as Sneha’s first male character turned out a big success. When Sneha was ready to give back the costume to Pravina, she was told to keep it as a reminder of not easily letting go of dreams.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开。Sneha的班主任老师Pravin要求Sneha在一部戏里扮演主要男性角色，但是由于购买或者租赁戏服的经济问题，母亲不同意她参加这次演出，并强烈要求她拒绝Pravin的邀请。她向Pravin提出不参演这次的演出。看出Sneha的心思之后，Pravin表示可以拿家里的戏服给她用。最后演出获得了成功。当Sneha要将戏服还给Pravin时，Pravin将戏服送给她，提醒她不要轻易放弃梦想。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Sneha对老师说:“我不想参加这个戏了，我要离开。”可知，第一段可描写Sneha拒绝老师的邀请，老师看穿后，表示可以借给她戏服。
②由第二段首句内容“Pravin耐心地站着，等待演出开始。”可知，第二段可描写演出获得成功，Pravin将戏服赠予她留作纪念。
2.续写线索：拒绝邀请——明白真相——提供帮助——表演开始——表演成功——赠予戏服
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.掩盖：hide/cover up/conceal
②.归还：go back/return
情绪类
①.不情愿：unwillingness/reluctance
②.兴奋：excited/trilled
【点睛】[高分句型1].Her voice was so determined that Pravina wondered why she had such a change in her attitude.（由连接词so…that…引导结果状语从句和why引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2].Confident and brave, she vividly brought the character to life.（运用了形容词作状语）
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