2022-2023学年甘肃省兰州市外国语高级中学高三第二次考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年甘肃省兰州市外国语高级中学高三第二次考试英语试题（解析版），共20页。
兰州外国语高级中学2023届高三第二次考试
英 语 试 题
本试卷总分120分，考试时间90分钟
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Healthy Diet is a new magazine for people who want to enjoy their best health and understand how to make healthy choices every day.
What we do
Cutting through the confusion and fashion that have flooded the health, nutrition and fitness industries, Healthy Diet provides clear and sensible advice from the best health professionals and TV experts to make healthy eating easy and affordable for the family. Our unique product can help your brand (品牌)reach the right audiences fast. Healthy Diet offers great value on healthy foods and meals every issue. Each month, our editor team and health experts offer readers easy tips and practical advice about everyday life.
Our Media Platforms
Our media platforms are designed to work harmoniously with key industry brands to reach new and bigger audiences by making use of our publishing and marketing expertise (专长). To find out more about commercial opportunities with Healthy Diet, drop us a line now.
7-day Veggie (索食)Challenge
If you're ready to give up meat for one week, we’re here to help. Inside this guide, you’ll find our favourite meat-free dinners are easy and cheap to cook, and totally delicious too. And we uncover just some of the benefits you can look forward to if you give up the animal protein for seven days.
How to contact
Click here to update your Healthy Diet preferences. Healthy Diet is brought to you by Anthem Publishing.
Registered office: Suite 6 Piccadilly House, London Road, Bath BAI 6PL Registered in England No. 4542063. You can click here to download your free 7-day Veggie Challenge
1. What does the author think of healthy eating with the help of Healthy Diet ?
A. Confusing. B. Sensible, C. Challenging. D. Easy.
2. What’s the feature about the meat-free dinner?
A. hard to learn.
B. It’s easy to prepare.
C. It costs a lot.
D. It tastes bad.
3. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To advertise Healthy Diet.
B. To show the importance of health.
C. To introduce how to contact Healthy Diet.
D. To demonstrate a 7-day Veggie Challenge.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文，介绍了Healthy Diet 这本新杂志的特色和服务对象等方面的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Cutting through the confusion and fashion that have flooded the health, nutrition and fitness industries, Healthy Diet provides clear and sensible advice from the best health professionals and TV experts to make healthy eating easy and affordable for the family.”（《健康饮食》消除了卫生、营养和健身行业的混乱和时尚，最好的健康专业人士和电视专家提供了清晰明智的建议，让家庭能够轻松负担得起健康饮食。）可知，Healthy Diet能让所有家庭都能轻松负担起健康饮食。选项D与文意相符，故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。文章第四段第二句“Inside this guide, you'll find our favourite meat-free dinners are easy and cheap to cook, and totally delicious too. ”（在这本指南中，你会发现我们最喜欢的无肉晚餐简单又便宜，而且非常美味。）提到不含肉的晚餐既简单又便宜。选项B与文意相符，故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Healthy Diet is a new magazine for people who want to enjoy their best health and understand how to make healthy choices every day.”（《健康饮食》是一本新杂志，专为那些希望享受最佳健康并懂得如何每天做出健康选择的人而设。）同时结合下文对这本杂志的介绍，可知本文主要是推销 《健康饮食》这本杂志。选项A与文意相符，故选A。
B
People are often surprised by my fear of blood and needles. Working in a public health unit, I probably have more daily interaction with syringes (注射器) than the average person. But the truth is, having my blood drawn scares me.
When I was 9, I had an extremely high temperature. A nurse rudely stuck the needle into my arm, causing a sharp pain. I avoided having blood taken from my body for the next years. A few months before I turned 30, my doctor ordered a blood test as part of my physical exam. I panicked. Sensing my fear, she gently suggested I see a psychiatrist (精神科医生). “Dr. M helped my other patients with the same fear,” she said.
When Dr. M called to set up an appointment, I hesitated. Talking about personal problems to a medically licensed stranger was uncommon in my family. “A psychiatrist?” Mother asked. “He’ll just put you on drugs. Can’t you get over this yourself?” I almost listened. But I went to Dr. M’s clinic finally. “Phobias (恐惧症) are pretty easy to treat,” he said. I wasn’t convinced of his words. But despite my doubts, I was running out of options.
We started with basic exposure treatment. I watched videos of blood being drawn every day. As I started to feel more at ease with needles Dr. M suggested drawing blood. As he gently pressed the needle into my flesh, I felt dizzy and breathed deeply. After a few minutes, I looked at the needle. It wasn’t so bad. I didn’t pass out. “You’re doing well,” Dr. M said.
I still find it unpleasant getting blood drawn, but thanks to several months of treatment, I’m less scared. I hate to admit it, but Dr. M is right — phobias can be treated. Sometimes, we have to leave our comfort zone and face our fears. And this can lead to freedom in the end.
4. What caused the author’s phobia?
A. Her sensitivity to pains.
B. Her anxiety about the blood test.
C. Her bad medical experience.
D. Her regular contact with syringes.
5. What was the author’s mother’s attitude toward her appointment with Dr. M?
A. Conservative. B. Disapproving.
C. Supportive. D. Objective.
6. What can we know about the author’s treatment?
A. It cost the author a great deal of money.
B. It eased the author’s pain totally.
C. It centered on watching videos.
D. It was smoother than expected.
7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Bravery brings us a happier life
B. Walk toward what scares us
C. Ups and downs make one strong
D. Nurse our mental health carefully
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者由于小时候的经历，一直害怕抽血，最后在在精神医生的帮助下，走出舒适区，直面恐惧，最终摆脱恐惧的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“When I was 9, I had an extremely high temperature. A nurse rudely stuck the needle into my arm, causing a sharp pain. I avoided having blood taken from my body for the next years. (9岁的时候，有一次我发高烧。一个护士粗鲁地把针扎进了我的手臂，引起了一阵剧痛。在接下来的几年里，我就躲避从身体里抽血。)”可知，糟糕的医疗经历导致了作者的恐惧症。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Talking about personal problems to a medically licensed stranger was uncommon in my family. (在我家里，和一个有行医执照的陌生人谈论个人问题是很罕见的。)”以及Mother 所说“He’ll just put you on drugs. Can’t you get over this yourself? (他只会给你开些药。难道你自己不能克服吗?)”可知，作者的母亲不赞成她与M医生的预约。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“As he gently pressed the needle into my flesh, I felt dizzy and breathed deeply. After a few minutes, I looked at the needle. It wasn’t so bad. I didn’t pass out. (他轻轻地把针扎进我的肉里，我感到头晕目眩，深深地呼吸着。几分钟后，我看着针。也没那么糟。我没有昏过去。)”以及Dr. M 所说“You’re doing well (你做得很好。)”可知，作者的治疗比预期的更顺利。故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据最后一段中“Sometimes, we have to leave our comfort zone and face our fears. And this can lead to freedom in the end. (有时候，我们必须走出舒适区，直面恐惧。而这最终会摆脱恐惧。)”可知，本文讲述了作者由于小时候的经历，一直害怕抽血，最后在在精神医生的帮助下，走出舒适区，直面恐惧，最终摆脱恐惧的故事。选项B符合主题，故选B项。
C
Courage is a highly admired virtue. When asked to describe courage, most people conjure up（脑中浮现）the image of an individual running into a burning building, or maybe a hero saving the world. But there's another form of bravery that's much more important because it comes up more often. It's called moral courage.
Moral courage is the ability that allows us to face our fears and to conquer our darkest fears. It's the ability to face the future without knowing what is certain. It's the ability to stand tall and confront those who oppose us, those who prevent us from realizing who we are and what we are. But most importantly, it's the ability to stand up for what's right, even though there are risks that stand in your way. Sara Anderson once said that “It takes great courage to faithfully follow what we know to be true.”
The potential of showing moral courage has the power of changing the world. It was because of the moral courage that Mahatma Gandhi was able to make India free from British rule. He fought bravely against them without the use of any weapon by presenting great moral courage. In this way, he also became a great example for the people of the whole world. It is not that we remember Gandhi because of his body or beauty. We remember him because of the great ideas and principles of his life.
Moral courage is essential not only for a noble life, but a happy one. Without moral courage, we have no control over our lives. Our fears destroy our spirit and make us trapped in depression. Mark Twain said, “Courage is not the absence of fear but the resistance of fear, the mastery of fear.” If our fears cause us to lose confidence in the power of virtue, we will lose something very precious.
People with moral courage rarely get medals, but it is the best marker of true character and a virtue others can be proud of. We must try to develop the power of moral courage that will surely help in ending injustice and wrong and grant us a better world.
8. What is the main function of paragraph 1?
A. To make a comparison. B. To propose a definition.
C. To provide the background. D. To introduce the subject.
9. What does the example of Mahatma Gandhi tell us?
A. Moral courage restricts great ideas and principles.
B. Moral courage makes people faithfully follow the truth.
C. Moral courage is essential for leading a happy life.
D. Moral courage can make a difference to the world.
10. What can be inferred from Mark Twain's words?
A. Courage is a spirit to overcome the fear. B. Courage is being brave without any fear.
C. Having a fear can limit our future lives. D. Fear can stop us from achieving our goals.
11. What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph?
A. To end injustice and wrong. B. To strengthen moral courage.
C. To pursue excellent virtues. D. To create a better world.
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要阐述了什么是道德勇气，以及道德勇气的重要性。
【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第一段“Courage is a highly admired virtue. （勇气是一种备受推崇的美德。）”和“But there's another form of bravery that's much more important because it comes up more often. It's called moral courage. （但是还有另一种形式的勇敢更重要，因为它出现的频率更高。它叫道德勇气。）”可知，本文重点介绍道德勇气。且下文主要讲述了什么是道德勇气，以及道德勇气的重要性。所以，第一段的主要目的是引出话题。故选D项。
2. 推理判断题。根据第三段“The potential of showing moral courage has the power of changing the world. It was because of the moral courage that Mahatma Gandhi was able to make India free from British rule. （道德勇气的潜力具有改变世界的力量。正是由于这种道德勇气，圣雄甘地才能够使印度摆脱英国的统治。）”可知，是由于甘地有道德勇气，才使得印度独立。因此推断甘地的例子告诉我们道德勇气在改变世界中起着重要作用。故选D项。
3. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Courage is not the absence of fear but the resistance of fear, the mastery of fear. （勇气不是没有恐惧，而是对恐惧的抵抗，对恐惧的掌握。）”可推断，勇气是一种克服恐惧的精神。故选A项。
4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“We must try to develop the power of moral courage that will surely help in ending injustice and wrong and grant us a better world. （我们必须努力发展道德勇气的力量，这必将有助于结束不公正和错误，给我们一个更美好的世界。）”可知，作者建议我们要增强道德勇气。故选B项。
D
Air travel can be a real headache. But if you happen to have a stop at Changi Airport in Singapore, you’re in for a wonderful treat.
The main attraction is the Jewel, a donut-shaped glass building featuring the world’s tallest indoor waterfall, known as the HSBC Rain Vortex. The 130-foot-tall waterfall uses rainwater that drops seven stories down from the roof. When the water hits the floor, it travels through a large funnel (漏斗), creating an inverted (倒转) waterfall for two levels in the airport located below the ground level.
The effect is maximized at night when the waterfall is the centerpiece of a 360-degree light and audio exhibit. The Rain Vortex was designed by Los Angeles -based design firm WET. Design director Peter Kopik explained, “It’s like the roof is pouring in and the building is getting completed in liquid form.”
If the Rain Vortex isn’t enough to attract you to have a stop at Changi Airport, perhaps the Shiseido Forest Valley will. It is spread out across five levels and reaches 100 foot high, with multiple trails for guests to explore. It’s filled with more than 900 trees and about 60,000 shrubs. Special species from China, the United States, and Australia were chosen because they’re most likely to survive the structure’s temperature, humidity (湿度), and sun exposure.
At the top of the forest is Canopy Park, where people can get different views of the Rain Vortex. There are additional gardens, activities, and restaurants to explore.
The Jewel is located near Terminal 1 in an area that used to be a parking lot. The attraction covers 1.46 million square feet. It was constructed specifically to attract more tourists to the airport and make it one of the most desirable places to kill time between flights. After all, wouldn’t you rather explore an indoor forest and waterfall for a few hours instead of sitting in a crowded airport lounge with just your smart phone for entertainment?
12. What is the feature of the HSBC Rain Vortex?
A. Its light and audio effects work all day long.
B. It uses rainwater collected from the roof.
C. It has a capacity of 130 shops.
D. It is the tallest waterfall in the world.
13. Why could the special plants from different regions survive in the Forest Valley?
A. Because they are well attended to.
B. Because they prefer to live in tropical areas.
C. Because they could avoid the danger of extinction.
D. Because they could adapt to the environmental conditions there.
14. What was the purpose of constructing the Jewel?
A. To enhance the volume of tourists.
B. To make it the most desirable place of interest.
C. To offer more convenient services to the aged.
D. To show the comprehensive national power of Singapore.
15. What’s the writer’s attitude to the Changi Airport in Singapore?
A. Indifferent. B. Supportive.
C. Critical. D. Neutral.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新加坡的樟宜机场可能是世界上最“自然”的机场了，把瀑布和热带雨林都搬进了机场，不仅为乘客提供了最佳候机体验，还带动了新加坡的旅游经济。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The 130-foot-tall waterfall uses rainwater that drops seven stories down from the roof. When the water hits the floor, it travels through a large funnel (漏斗), creating an inverted (倒转的) waterfall for two levels in the airport located below the ground level.(这座130英尺高的瀑布利用雨水从屋顶上滴下七层楼。当水撞击地面时，它通过一个大漏斗，在机场地面以下的两层形成一个倒流瀑布)”可知，HSBC Rain Vortex的特色为它包括了一个室内瀑布，这些瀑布的水是通过收集屋顶的雨水得来的。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“It’s filled with more than 900 trees and about 60,000 shrubs. Special species from China, the United States, and Australia were chosen because they’re most likely to survive the structure’s temperature, humidity (湿度), and sun exposure.(这里有900多棵树和约60000棵灌木。选择了来自中国、美国和澳大利亚的特殊物种，因为它们最有可能在结构的温度、湿度和阳光照射下存活)”可知，Forest Valley大约有900棵树和60000种灌木，很多特殊树种来自中国、美国及澳大利亚，它们能够在森林谷生存，主要原因是由于整个区域有适宜的温度、湿度及阳光，这些植物可以适应那里的环境条件，故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The attraction covers 1.46 million square feet. It was constructed specifically to attract more tourists to the airport and make it one of the most desirable places to kill time between flights.(该景点占地146万平方英尺。它的建造是为了吸引更多的游客来机场，并使其成为最理想的消磨航班间隔时间的地方之一)”可推知，建造the Jewel的目的是吸引并增加游客量。故选A。
【15题详解】
观点态度题。根据第一段中“But if you happen to have a stop at Changi Airport in Singapore, you’re in for a wonderful treat.(但是如果你恰好在Changi Airport停留，你会得到一个很好的款待。)”以及全文可知，作者以积极的态度对新加坡樟宜机场做了介绍，描述了其优点及好处。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You have been told more than once to gain greater confidence and believe your best days may still lie ahead. Now I tell you some secrets of improving confidence.
When you look good, you feel good. So take pride in your appearance. Make it a point to practice good hygiene (卫生), and get dressed each morning like you are going to work . ____16____ Then you’ll find that your opinion of yourself becomes more positive.
Activities like learning to paint or play an instrument, studying a foreign language, and taking dance lessons or writing classes help inspire the natural desire to learn and master a new skill. ____17____ But it shows you can still accomplish new things and find enjoyment in them. This also reminds you that it’s okay to make mistakes, so you can improve and grow, which helps build self-confidence.
____18____ Find a fitness challenge that you need to overcome, create a plan, and then work to meet that goal. Any form of exercise is beneficial for both physical and mental health. Regular exercise also helps you build confidence, while setting a challenge with mini-goals along the way lets you experience the wonderful feeling of accomplishment.
It’s not easy to go out and interact with people as you age. ____19____ Lack of confidence can make socializing a challenge, so it is a good idea to volunteer. Choose something you enjoy that also provides personal interaction and gives you a chance to use your available skills.
Help from your friends and teachers allows you to work through barriers that affect confidence. Never be afraid to seek help when you need it. ____20____
A. Face new challenges bravely.
B. Challenge yourself physically.
C. Being a beginner again is tough.
D. Make efforts to improve your appearance.
E. It’s always a good thing to help each other.
F. You will improve your confidence instantly.
G. And this is even harder when you feel less confident.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. B 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提高自信心的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“When you look good, you feel good. So take pride in your appearance. (当你看起来很好的时候，你感觉很好。所以为你的外表感到骄傲)”可知，本段主要围绕通过改善自己外貌来提高自信展开。D项“Make efforts to improve your appearance.(努力改善你的外表)”符合本段主旨。故选D。
17题详解】
根据下文“But it shows you can still accomplish new things and find enjoyment in them. This also reminds you that it’s okay to make mistakes, so you can improve and grow, which helps build self-confidence.(但它表明你仍然可以完成新的事情并从中找到乐趣。这也提醒你，犯错是可以的，所以你可以改进和成长，这有助于建立自信)”中的but可知，空处与下文为转折关系，且下文提到了“完成新的事情”和“犯错”。由此推知，空处陈述犯错之后重新开始很难。C项“Being a beginner again is tough.(再次成为初学者很难)”符合题意，beginner呼应下文accomplish new things。故选C。
【18题详解】
空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Find a fitness challenge that you need to overcome, create a plan, and then work to meet that goal. Any form of exercise is beneficial for both physical and mental health. (找到你需要克服的健身挑战，制定计划，然后努力实现目标。任何形式的锻炼都有利于身心健康)”可知，本段建议在身体上给自己一些挑战。B项“Challenge yourself physically.(在身体上给自己一些挑战)”符合题意，可以作为主旨句，physically呼应下文的physical。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“It’s not easy to go out and interact with people as you age.(随着年龄的增长，外出与人互动并不容易)”和下文“Lack of confidence can make socializing a challenge, so it is a good idea to volunteer(缺乏自信会使社交成为一种挑战，做志愿者是个好主意)”可知，上文指出随着年龄的增长与他人互动不容易，下文指出缺乏自信使社交成为挑战。由此推知，空处承上启下，指出没有自信让与他人的互动变得更加困难。G项“And this is even harder when you feel less confident.(当你感到不自信时，这就更难了)”符合题意，this指代上文的“外出与人互动并不容易”这件事，confident与下文confidence呼应。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Never be afraid to seek help when you need it.(当你需要帮助时，不要害怕寻求帮助)”再结合空处所处位置推知，此处总结本段，提醒大家不要忘了相互帮助的好处。E项“It’s always a good thing to help each other.(互相帮助总是件好事)”符合题意，help是关键词。故选E。
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Having a friend who is bright can do you good in many ways.
A bright friend can share your problems and help you ____21____ them properly. Are you overwhelmed (应接不暇)? He can show you the order to ____22____ them on schedule. Are you having problems with someone? Tell him and he will find the best way to ____23____ both you and your friend. Let’s imagine you were stuck in an elevator (电梯). You might be very ____24____ and not know how to get out of it. The ____25____ could change considerably if you had a bright friend beside you. He could help you keep ____26____ and quickly find a way to rescue you.
A bright friend is also a good ____27____ for you to learn from. In fact, you can get many interesting and useful things from a ____28____ friend. You can ____29____ yourself by learning his unique way of thinking and handling things. I have a bright friend who can solve problems in a way that I could never _____30_____. Having had him as my close friend for ages, I have learnt so many things from him that may _____31_____ me much in my life. He has taught me many ways of solving problems, and even _____32_____ unchangeable situations in some bright ways.
Indeed, having a bright friend can give you the _____33_____ to keep on trying to be his equal. This makes you _____34_____ in some positive ways. You may have thought, “Why can he do that and not me?” And so you will try your best to be as _____35_____ as your friend. You then will change your _____36_____ way of thinking and doing things, becoming open-minded to learn new things and develop your true _____37_____.
All of these _____38_____ things a bright friend brings to you can of course be the _____39_____ of a long-lasting friendship. However, friendship _____40_____ a thorough and mutual (相互的) understanding. So, you should also make every effort to make it last forever.
21. A. find B. avoid C. solve D. identify
22. A. clean B. keep C. finish D. take
23. A. cheat B. teach C. answer D. satisfy
24. A. upset B. impolite C. bored D. exhausted
25. A. process B. situation C. environment D. idea
26. A. free B. warm C. silent D. calm
27. A. example B. expert. C. follower D. leader
28. A. beautiful B. strange C. knowledgeable D. simple
29. A. accept B. better C. imagine D. expect
30. A. give up B. get across C. believe in D. think of
31. A. impress B. help C. attract D. surprise
32. A. changing B. considering C. analyzing D. examining
33. A. excuse B. permission C. responsibility D. motivation
34. A. competitive B. interesting C. different D. humorous
35. A. energetic B. sensitive C. excellent D. important
36. A. independent B. narrow C. slow D. similar
37. A. potentials B. skills C. entertainment D. love
38. A. logical B. right C. adventurous D. wonderful
39. A. desire B. basis C. tool D. cure
40. A. allows B. offers C. requires D. reflects
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了聪明的朋友在很多方面对我们有好处，他可以教会我们独特且有用的思维和处事方式，也会成为我们提升自己的动力。友谊是建立在一个彻底的相互理解的基础上，所以我们要努力让友谊可以持续下去。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个聪明的朋友会和你分享你的问题，并且帮助你妥善处理它们。 A. find找到；B. avoid避免；C. solve解决；D. identify识别。根据第一自然段的“Having a friend who is bright can do you good in many ways.（拥有一个聪明的朋友在很多方面对你都有好处）”可知，此处“帮过你妥善解决问题”符合语境，这是拥有一个聪明朋友的好处之一，故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：他可以教你按照日程表上的顺序来完成他们。 A. clean清理；B. keep保持；C. finish完成；D. take采取；接受。结合上下文可知，此处是指按计划完成事情，故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：告诉他，他会找到最好的方式，让你和朋友都满意。A. cheat欺骗；B. teach教；C. answer回答；D. satisfy使满意。根据句中“he will find the best way（他会找到最好的方法）”可知，此处是指聪明朋友的解决方法能让产生问题的双方都感到满意，故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可能很沮丧，不知道如何出来。 A. upset沮丧的；B. impolite不礼貌的；C. bored无聊的；D. exhausted疲惫的。根据前文的“Let’s imagine you were stuck in an elevator (电梯).（假设你被困在电梯里）”可知，作者让我们想象自己被困在电梯的情况，故此处用upset“ 沮丧的”符合语境，故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果身边有一个聪明的朋友，情况就会大有不同。 A. process过程；B. situation情况；C. environment环境；D. idea想法。结合下文的“He could help you keep ___6___ and quickly find a way to rescue you.”可知，聪明朋友可以帮你保持冷静，而且迅速找到方法，故此处用“情况会大有不同”符合语境，故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词词义辨析。句意：他能够帮你保持冷静，而且迅速找到救援方法。 A. free免费的；空闲的；B. warm温暖的；C. silent沉默的；D. calm冷静的。根据上文的“You might be very __upset__ and not know how to get out of it.”可知，当被困电梯感到沮丧时，好朋友会让你冷静下来。故calm“冷静的”符合语境和逻辑，故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个聪明的朋友也是一个你可以学习的好榜样。 A. example榜样；B. expert专家；C. follower随从；D. leader领导。结合下文的“for you to learn from ”可推测此处用“榜样”符合语境，故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上你可以从一个知识渊博的朋友那儿学到很多有趣和有用的东西。A. beautiful漂亮的；B. strange奇怪的；C. knowledgeable有学识的；D. simple简单的。根据句中的“many interesting and useful things”以及下文的“by learning his unique way of thinking and handling things”判断，此处用“有学识的”符合语境，故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以通过学习他独特的思维和处事方式来提高自己。 A accept接受；B. better改善；提高；C. imagine想象；D. expect期望。根据本段中反复出现的“learn”可知，此处用“提高”符合语境，指通过学习来提高自己。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我有一个聪明的朋友，他解决问题的方式我从来都想不到。A. give up放弃；B. get across被理解；C. believe in信任；D. think of想到。根据上文的“his unique way of thinking and handling things”可知，聪明人的处事方式很特别，是常人想不到的，故此处用“想到”符合语境，故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：和他做了很多年好朋友，我从他那儿学到了很多东西，这些东西可能在我的生活中有很大帮助。A. impress使印象深刻；B. help帮助；C. attract吸引；D. surprise使惊讶。根据下文的“He has taught me many ways of solving problems”可知，朋友教会了作者解决问题的方法，故推测从朋友那儿学的东西会对作者有帮助，故选B项。
32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他教了我很多解决问题的方式，甚至用一些聪明的方法改变了不可改变的状况。A. changing改变；B. considering考虑；C. analyzing分析；D. examining承担。结合句意可知，此处是指用聪明的方法改变了不可改变的东西，且 change和unchangeable 是反义词复现，故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，有一个聪明的朋友可以给你变得和他一样好的动力。A. excuse借口；B. permission允许；C. responsibility责任；D. motivation动机，动力。结合上下文可知此处是指，看到别人很好自己也想变得一样好的想法，这种想法就是动力，故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让你以积极的方式变得有竞争性。 A. competitive有竞争性的；B. interesting有趣的；C. different不同的；D. humorous幽默的。根据下文的“You may have thought, “Why can he do that and not me?””可知，此处用“有竞争性的”符合语境，故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此你会尽最大努力变得和朋友一样出色。 A. energetic有活力的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. excellent出色的；D. important重要的。根据前文的“a bright friend ”可知此处用“出色的”符合语境， bright 和 excellent 是同义词复现，故选C项。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后你会改变自己狭隘的思维和处事方式，以开放的心态去学习新的东西和发展自己真正的潜能。A. independent独立的；B. narrow狭隘的，狭窄的；C. slow慢的；D. similar相似的。根据下文的“becoming open-minded to learn new things”可知，此处用“狭隘的”符合语境，narrow和open-minded 是反义词复现，故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。 A. potentials潜能；B. skills技能；C. environment环境；D. love爱。根据上文“learn new things”可知，此处用“培养潜能”符合语境，故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个聪明朋友带给你的这些美好的东西当然也是一段长久友谊的基础。 A. logical逻辑的；B. right正确的；C. adventurous冒险的；D. wonderful美好的。结合上文所提到的聪明朋友所教会我们的那些独特且有用的思维和处事方式可知，此处用“美好的”符合语境，故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。 A. desire欲望；B. basis基础；C. tool工具；D. cure治愈方法。结合上下文可知，此处是指友谊建立在互相帮助和理解的基础之上，朋友教会我们的东西就是其中一个基础，故选B项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，友谊需要一个彻底的和相互的理解。 A. allows允许；B. offers提供；C. requires要求，需要；D. reflects反映，反射。结合上下文可知，此处是指友谊的基本条件，用“需要”符合语境，故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jane had wanted to work with animals in their own environment ____41____ her childhood. ____42____, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was____43____ (usual) for a woman to live in the forest. With the help of her mother, she began her work with the chimps, which changed the way ____44____ people think about chimps. ____45____ (spend) years observing and recording their daily activities, Jane discovered that chimps hunt and eat meat, against____46____ people used to think. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other. Her research is intended to argue that animals should____47____ (leave) in the wild and not used for____48____ (entertain) or advertisements. She devoted all her life to ____49____ (do) research, which got the world to understand and respect the______50______ (life) of chimps.
【答案】41. since
42. However
43. unusual
44. that 45. Having spent

46. what 47. be left
48. entertainment
49. doing 50. lives
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了著名动物学家Jane的事迹。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：Jane从小就想在动物自己的环境中研究它们。根据句意和过去完成时had wanted可知，此处应用介词since构成介词短语，表示一段时间。故填since。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，这并不容易。后文this was not easy和前文是转折关系，且有逗号隔开，应用副词however表示转折。句首字母大写，故填However。
【43题详解】
考查形容词的反义词。句意：当她1960年第一次来到冈贝时，一个女人住在森林里是很不寻常的。根据句意可知，这是“不寻常的”，故应用形容词usual的反义词，作表语。故填unusual。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在母亲的帮助下，她开始研究黑猩猩，这改变了人们对黑猩猩的看法。分析可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词是way，作方式状语，此时定语从句引导词可以是that，in which，或省略。根据要求，只能填一词，故填that。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Jane花了多年时间观察和记录它们的日常活动，发现黑猩猩狩猎和吃肉，这与人们过去的想法相反。分析可知，此处为非谓语，动词spend和主语之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，且spend这一动作明显发生在discovered之前，所以用现在分词的完成式，句首字母大写，故填Having spent。
【46题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：Jane花了多年时间观察和记录它们的日常活动，发现黑猩猩狩猎和吃肉，这与人们过去的认识相反。分析可知，此处引导宾语从句作介词against的宾语，连接代词what引导从句，在从句中作宾语，意为“……的事”。故填what。
【47题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：她的研究旨在表明，动物应该被留在野外，而不是用于娱乐或广告。谓语动词leave和主语之间是被动关系，故用其被动结构（be done）和前文should构成含情态动词的被动语态。故填be left。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：她的研究旨在表明，动物应该被留在野外，而不是用于娱乐或广告。介词for后应用其名词作介词宾语，表抽象意义，不可数，故填entertainment。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她毕生致力于研究，让世界了解并尊重黑猩猩的生命。devote… to doing sth“致力于做某事”是固定搭配，动名词用作介词to的宾语。故填doing。
【50题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：她毕生致力于研究，让世界了解并尊重黑猩猩的生命。根据句意和后文of chimps可知，此处可数名词life应用复数形式。故填lives。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Yesterday, when Chen Hui was pouring hot water, he poured a lot into his wrist by accident. Although he felt great pain, but he didn’t know what to do. I happened to see this and immediate gave him first aid. Firstly, I asked him place the burns under running water for 10 minutes. After that, I put some cloth in cold water, squeezed the water out and placed them on the burning area over and over again. Finally, I covered the burns with the clean bandage. Gradually, he felt much better, that made me happy and proud of myself. Chen Hui expresses his thanks and said he would gain some knowledge of first aid so that I could offer help to others when needed.
【答案】1. into→onto/on
2. 删除but
3. immediate→immediately
4. 在place前加to
5. cloth→cloths
6. burning→burned/burnt
7. the→a
8. that→which
9. expresses→expressed
10. I→he
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者用自己所学的急救知识帮陈辉处理烫伤的故事。
【详解】1. 考查介词。句意：昨天，陈辉在倒热水时，不小心把很多水倒在了手腕上。结合句意表达“到/在……上”应用介词onto/on。故into改为onto/on。
2.考查连词。句意：虽然他感到很痛，但他不知道该怎么办。although引导让步状语从句，不能和but连用。故删除but。
3.考查副词。句意：我碰巧看到了这一幕，立即对他进行了急救。修饰动词gave应用副词。故immediate改为immediately。
4.考查固定短语。句意：首先，我让他把烧伤处放在自来水下10分钟。结合句意表达“让某人做某事”用ask sb. to do sth.。故place前加to。
5.考查名词数。句意：之后，我把一些布放在冷水里，挤出水，一遍又一遍地放在烧伤的地方。cloth表示“一块一块的布”时是可数名词，被some修饰应用其复数形式。故cloth改为cloths。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处应用非谓语动词修饰名词area，它和burn之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故burning改为burned/burnt。
7.考查冠词。句意：最后，我用干净的绷带包扎了烧伤处。bandage“绷带”是可数名词，此处是泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且clean的发音是辅音音素开头，应用a。故the改为a。
8.考查定语从句。句意：慢慢地，他感觉好了些，这让我很开心也为自己感到骄傲。分析可知，...made me happy and proud of myself是非限制性定语从句，先行词为上文整个句子，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故that改为which。
9.考查时态。句意：陈辉表示感谢，并说他会学习一些急救知识，以便在需要时为他人提供帮助。句子陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故express改为expressed。
10.考查代词。句意同上。结合语境，此处是指陈辉决定学一些急救知识，以便“他”可以帮助别人，故应用代词he作主语。故I改为he。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假如你是李华，你代表学生会邀请你校的外籍教师Mr.Smith参加高三年级即将举办的成人礼仪式。现在请你写一封邮件给他，内容包括：
1.成人仪式的时间和地点；
2.活动：观赏短片、校长讲话、学生宣誓；
3.请他作勉励大家的简短发言。
注意：1.词数：80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.参考词汇：成人仪式Adult Ceremony 宣誓 make a vow
Dear Mr. Smith,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith，
I am writing to invite you to attend our Adult Ceremony on behalf of the Students’ Union.
The ceremony will be held at 8 p.m. next Sunday in the school lecture hall. To honor this special occasion, a video clip about students’ campus life will be shown first. Then our principal will give an inspiring speech. After that, some student representatives will make a vow of becoming responsible adults.
Hopefully, you can come and give us a few words of encouragement. We are looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于邀请信。要求考生代表学生会邀请校外籍教师Mr.Smith参加高三年级即将举办的成人礼仪式。
【详解】1.词汇积累
特殊的，特别的：special → exceptional
鼓舞人心的：inspiring → encouraging
盼望，期待：look forward to → expect
回答，答复：reply → response
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：After that, some student representatives will make a vow of becoming responsible adults.
拓展句：After that, some student representatives will make a vow that they will become responsible adults.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The ceremony will be held at 8 p.m. next Sunday in the school lecture hall.(运用了一般将来时态的被动语态)
[高分句型2] To honor this special occasion, a video clip about students’ campus life will be shown first. (运用了动词不定式作目的状语)