2022-2023学年河南省焦作市普通高中高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年河南省焦作市普通高中高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共24页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
焦作市普通高中2022—2023学年(上)高三年级期中考试
英语
考生注意：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘 贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需 改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡 上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案 转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话 仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?
A. £ 19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.
答案是C。
1. Where does the man want to go?
A. The bank. B. The hospital. C. The train station.
2. What has the man been doing recently?
A. Spending his holiday. B. Writing an article. C. Reading a novel.
3. What does the woman think of sailing on the lake?
A. Exciting. B. Boring. C. Frightening.
4. How does the man keep in touch with his grandparents now?
A. By telephone. B. By WeChat. C. By letter.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At the post office. B. On a train. C. In the classroom.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个逸 项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;昕完 后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What do we know about the man?
A. He will take a test. B. He will give a lecture. C. He has got a good offer.
7. What does the man probably want to major in?
A. Computer. B. Literature. C. Architecture.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. How does the woman feel towards her father?
A. Angry. B. Grateful. C. Regretful.
9. Who won the golf game yesterday?
A. The man. B. The woman. C. The man’s father.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How does the woman feel about people’ s using cellphones?
A. Enthusiastic. B. Worried. C. Delighted.
11 What does the man advise the woman to do?
A. Avoid using cellphones. B. Do research. C. Deliver a speech.
12. What will the woman do to solve the problem?
A. Spend more time offline. B. Stop harming others. C. Advise people to quit addiction.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter. B. Neighbors. C. Teacher and student.
14. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Taking exercise. B. Going green. C. Doing shopping.
15. What’s the woman’s suggestion?
A. Taking shorter showers.
B. Going to the grocery store less often.
C. Using fewer plastic bags when shopping.
16. How does the man’s boss save energy?
A. By turning to solar energy. B. By using an electric car. C. By riding a bike to work.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What’s the highest earthquake level in Japan?
A. Shindo 7. B. Shindo 5-upper. C. Shindo 2.
18. How many people were killed in the Great Hanshin Earthquake in Japan?
A. 6,434. B.12,000. C.16,534.
19. Which of the following earthquakes caused the most deaths?
A. The 2011 Tohoku Earthquake.
B. The Great Hanshin Earthquake.
C. The Great East Japan Earthquake.
20. What can we learn about the Kanto and Tokai areas?
A. They are rarely hit by earthquakes.
B. They should be well prepared for earthquakes.
C. They have been badly damaged by earthquakes.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。
A
Free museums? We’re in! These great NYC museums offer pay-as-you-wish days, free entry hours/days and other great stuff for local families.
American Museum of Natural History
Home to the largest collection of dinosaur fossils (化石) in the world, AMNH’s fourth-floor dino halls have been blowing kids’ minds for decades. Roughly 80 percent of the bones on show were actually dug out of the ground; the rest were made by humans.
*Pay-as-you-wish available at ticket counters only.
National Air and Space Museum
The National Air and Space Museum (NASM) now offers a Free Fridays series, where on the last Friday of each month from April to September visitors can get in for free, 5-8 pm. (General admission is $33 for adults and $24 for children ages 5-12, free for ages under 5.)
Brooklyn Children’s Museum
The Brooklyn Children’s Museum allows kids to revel (狂欢) in a play space dedicated to promoting their creativity. Interactive (互动的) experiences such as the Color Lab, after-school programs and birthday parly packages make the Kings County hotspot a favorite among little ones.
*Pay-as-you-wish on Thursdays, 2-6 pm and Sundays, 4-7 pm.
Children’s Museum of the Arts
The Children’s Museum of the Arts welcomes 135,000 little visitors each year through its doors. Once inside, the whole family can enjoy interactive programs, exhibitions and events that celebrate the transformative power of the arts on youngsters and grown-ups alike.
*Pay-as-you-wish on Thursdays, 3-6 pm.
1. What may make AMNH most attractive to kids?
A. The favorable policy. B. The dinosaur fossils.
C. The space programs. D. The quiet environment.
2. How much will a couple with their kid aged 4 pay to visit NASM on Sunday?
A. Nothing. B. 57 dollars. C. 66 dollars. D. 99 dollars.
3. Which museum allows adults to take part in interactive programs?
A. Brooklyn Children’s Museum. B. Children’s Museum of the Arts.
C. National Air and Space Museum. D. American Museum of Natural History.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章推荐了四个博物馆。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。细节理解题。根据American Museum of Natural History部分中“Home to the largest collection of dinosaur fossils (化石) in the world, AMNH’s fourth-floor dino halls have been blowing kids’minds for decades.(AMNH拥有世界上最大的恐龙化石收藏，四楼的恐龙展厅几十年来一直让孩子们兴奋不已)”可知，AMNH博物馆最吸引孩子们的地方是它有大量的恐龙化石。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据National Air and Space Museum部分中“General admission is $33 for adults and $24 for children ages 5-12，free for ages under 5.(一般门票成人33美元，5-12岁儿童24美元，5岁以下免费)”可知，一对夫妇带着他们4岁的孩子在周日参观NASM要花：33×2+0=66美元。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Children’s Museum of the Arts部分中“the whole family can enjoy interactive programs (全家人都可以享受互动节目)”可知，博物馆Children’s Museum of the Arts的互动节目可以让大人和孩子共同参与。而其余的三个博物馆都是针对孩子们的。故选B项。
B
We drove to the Needles district of Canyonlands National Park—a very remote, dry, mountainous place in Utah. I went there when I was about 10 years old, but I can only recall certain things: how cold it got that night as we slept in the tent, the small insects that covered the mountain beside us, and having to use the bathroom in an outhouse.
Huge rocks are hanging dangerously on the jagged mountainside, and you know they have to fall eventually. We stopped at Newspaper Rock, a National Historic Site where prehistoric people sketched drawings onto sandstone from B. C. time to A. D. 1300. With only a short fence surrounding it, it seems unavoidable that modern-day people would feel the urge to carve their names into this precious historic landmark.
The sky is the bluest I think I’ve ever seen; it’s a beautiful backdrop to the orangey-red cliffs lining the horizon. And the silence—I’ve never experienced a quieter place. When I first got out of the truck at our campsite, I stood still and held my breath, and all I could hear was the ringing in my ears.
In my opinion, only at night can you witness the true beauty of the Canyonlands: the stars. Since the Needles district is an extremely dry place about 80 miles away from any major city’s lights, it offers the clearest view I’ve ever seen of the night sky. It is incredible how many stars you can see out there. I climbed on top of a nearby rock formation and lay on my back just soaking (沉浸) it all in. It was like looking through a window straight into the universe.
I wanted to sleep outside beneath the stars, but then the temperature dropped to 40 degree and I discovered massive ants crawling on the ground, so I quit that. The next morning, I discovered a nearby camper passed out on the rock formation in a sleeping bag. How he managed to brave the temperatures and the ants, I have no idea.
4. What was the Needles district like to the author as a kid?
A. Fantastic. B. Dangerous. C. Dull. D. Inconvenient.
5. What do we know about Newspaper Rock?
A. It’s a piece of modem artwork. B. It’s not adequately protected.
C. It’s a record of historic events. D. It’s been in existence for 1,300 years.
6. Why did the author stand still upon arriving at their campsite?
A. He was too tired to move. B. He lost his hearing temporarily.
C. He was out of breath. D. He wanted to feel nature closely.
7. Which may impress the author most about the Canyonlands?
A. Its night sky. B. Its mountainous scenery.
C. Its historic sites. D. Its camping ground.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者介绍了美国峡谷地国家公园的景色和留给他的感觉。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“I went there when I was about 10 years old, but I can only recall certain things: how cold it got that night as we slept in the tent, the small insects that covered the mountain beside us, and having to use the bathroom in an outhouse.(我大约10岁的时候去了那里，但我只能回忆起某些事情：那天晚上我们在帐篷里睡觉时，天气有多冷，我们身边满山的小虫子，以及得在户外卫生间上厕所)”推知，在作者印象中，小时候去过的这个地方很不方便。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第一句“With only a short fence surrounding it, it seems unavoidable that modern-day people would feel the urge to carve their names into this precious historic landmark.(由于周围只有一道短栅栏，现代人似乎不可避免地会有将自己的名字刻进这座珍贵的历史地标的冲动)”可知，这个地方作为历史地标人们还能乱刻乱画。由此推知，Newspaper Rock并没有得到足够的保护。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一二句“The sky is the bluest I think I’ve ever seen; it’ s a beautiful backdrop to the orangey-red cliffs lining the horizon. And the silence—I’ve never experienced a quieter place.(天空是我所见过的最蓝的；这是地平线上桔红色悬崖的美丽背景。还有沉默——我从未经历过一个更安静的地方)”可知，作者在到达这个地方时，深深感受到了自然的美，可推测他到达营地后下车驻足是为了近距离感受这种美。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“In my opinion, only at night can you witness the true beauty of the Canyonlands: the stars.(在我看来，只有在夜晚，你才能看到峡谷的真正美丽：星星)”可知，作者觉得有星星的夜晚是峡谷地国家公园最美的时候。由此推知，夜晚的星空最让他印象深刻。故选A项。
C
Ken Hanes, owner of AGL Drone (无人机) Services, was driving from Colorado Springs to Denver when he turned on the radio and learned that the Mayor of Denver made an order closing down bars and restaurants to fight the spread of COVID-19. He then learned that Colorado Springs had declared a state of emergency and that the governor had ordered statewide closures to limit group gatherings.
“Before COVID-19, I’d never heard of social distancing, but it’s now part of my daily vocabulary and has found a place in my drone business” Hanes says. “I realized on that drive to Denver that I practice social distancing every day in my business but didn’t realize it. My job allows me the unique opportunity to provide information to my clients with absolutely no face-to-face interaction. I have the ability to travel to a location and fly the drone to collect the information I need without ever interfacing with anyone, and the electronic deliverables I provide allow unlimited distribution to interested parties anywhere in the world.”
Hanes reflects on what many in the commercial drone industry have realized — drones are ideal for facilitating social distancing and have significant potential to assist with the public safety and economic impacts of COVID-19. As explained by Luke Fox, founder and CEO of WhiteFox Drone Technologies, “Drones are critical in the fight against COVID-19. This technology can work as a force multiplier to ensure people get medical supplies, food, and other life-saving tasks all while minimizing potentially infectious (感染的) human contact. As drones continue to take to the sky, WhiteFox is working to create a safe, trusted, and secure airspace.”
“There are many use cases for drones that can aid the nation from delivering test kits to areas in need to delivering medical goods to quarantined individuals, and much more. We provide essential services that can mitigate the need for extensive human interaction and can speed up logistics (后勤保障), could help prevent the spread of the disease and enhance efficiencies as personnel are forced to stay home,” Hanes says.
8. What is the theme of the text?
A. The necessity of practicing social distancing.
B. The advantages of drones in fighting COVID-19.
C. The government measures in fighting COVID-19.
D. The opportunity for the commercial drone industry.
9. What’s special about Hanes’ s job?
A. It is limited to a certain location.
B. It requires more time for business travel.
C. It is done without face-to-face interaction.
D. It is mainly for delivering medical supplies.
10. How does Luke Fox feel about the future of WhiteFox?
A. Doubtful. B. Anxious. C. Confident. D. Hopeless.
11. What does the underlined word “mitigate” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Witness. B. Predict. C. Analyze. D. Reduce.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ken Hanes利用自己的无人机技术，在疫情期间实现了与公司客户的完美信息沟通，并介绍了无人机在抗疫中所具备的优势。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“I have the ability to travel to a location and fly the drone to collect the information I need without ever interfacing with anyone, and the electronic deliverables I provide allow unlimited distribution to interested parties anywhere in the world.(我可以前往一个地点，驾驶无人机收集我需要的信息，而无需与任何人接触，我提供的电子交付物可以无限地分发给世界上任何有兴趣的各方)”及第三段中的“Hanes reflects on what many in the commercial drone industry have realized — drones are ideal for facilitating social distancing and have significant potential to assist with the public safety and economic impacts of COVID-19.(哈内斯思考了商用无人机行业的许多人已经意识到的情况：无人机是促进社交距离的理想工具，在协助应对新冠肺炎的公共安全和经济影响方面具有巨大潜力)”可知，文章主要讲述了无人机在抗疫中所具备的优势。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“My job allows me the unique opportunity to provide information to my clients with absolutely no face-to-face interaction.(我的工作使我有独特的机会向客户提供信息，而完全不需要面对面的交流)”可知，Hanes的无人机能够在不接触客户的情况下为他们提供所需的各种服务，即Hanes的工作不需要面对面的接触就可以完成。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“As drones continue to take to the sky, WhiteFox is working to create a safe, trusted, and secure airspace.(随着无人机不断飞上天空，WhiteFox正在努力创造一个安全、可信和安全的空域)”可推知，Luke Fox对自己公司White Fox的未来充满了信心。故选C。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“could help prevent the spread of the disease and enhance efficiencies as personnel are forced to stay home(可以加快物流，可以帮助防止疾病的传播，并在工作人员被迫呆在家里时提高效率)”可知，Hanes认为自己提供的无人机服务可以大大减少人与人大范围接触的必要性，并且可以加快物流服务。由此推知，划线词mitigate与reduce“减少”意思接近。故选D。
D
Street lights can change the amount and quality of sleep that pigeons and magpies get at night affecting their energy in the morning.
“One of the most common and well-documented things light pollution seems to do is cause animals, particularly birds, to change the timing of their behavior,” said Anne Aulsebrook, a researcher with the University of Melbourne.
Aulsebrook said she chose pigeons because so much is already known about their sleep compared to other birds’, and plenty of them are in captivity (圈养) to study. They set up experiments exposing the birds to darkness one night, switching on the lights the next and turning them off the following night. “We expected to see them sleep more on the first night, less when the lights are on and then recover some of the sleep they lost the next night,” she said.
Using sensors that recorded brain and muscle activity, the team found that the pigeons slept about 10 hours with the lights off. With the lights on, their sleep dropped to about six hours. Quality of sleep was also affected. The pigeons didn’t seem to recover from the loss of rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep the night before, slept less intensely the following night and woke up more often. Comparing amber (琥珀色) light to white light, the team found the tone made no difference in sleep patterns.
Then, the researchers wanted to see if they would see the same patterns in another species, so they looked at magpies. Magpies’ sleep was also affected by both white and amber light; they found, but the birds slept twice as much in amber light. Magpies also seemed to recover all of their non-REM sleep, but not their REM sleep—the opposite of the findings from the pigeon experiment.
Such species-specific results can make managing for light pollution difficult, Aulsebrook said, but the results did have one thing in common: amber light was never more harmful. “If we had to choose, I’d still go with warmer, amber colors,” she said. “The other simpler solution is to turn the lights off.”
12. What did Aulsebrook’s team want to learn through their experiments?
A. The cause of birds’ non-REM sleep.
B. The change of pigeons’ sleep patterns.
C. The design of energy-efficient street lights.
D. The effects of light pollution on birds’ behavior.
13. What do we know about the REM sleep?
A. It’s a kind of deep sleep. B. It’ s a kind of poor-quality sleep.
C. It causes birds to lose their energy. D. Il happens only to birds in captivity
14. How did the magpies behave in the experiments?
A. They stayed awake with the lights on.
B. They recovered all of their REM sleep.
C. They slept much longer in amber light.
D. They were not affected by the lights at all.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Street lights drive the birds crazy.
B. Birds differ greatly in their sleep patterns.
C. Secrets are discovered about pigeons’ sleep habits.
D. Light pollution can change birds’ sleep patterns.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是墨尔本大学的研究人员对光污染对鸟类行为的影响进行了实验研究，并有了新的发现。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Street lights can change the amount and quality of sleep that pigeons and magpies get at night, affecting their energy in the morning.(路灯可以改变鸽子和喜鹊在晚上的睡眠时间和质量，影响它们在早上的精力。)”以及第二段“One of the most common and well-documented things light pollution seems to do is cause animals, particularly birds, to change the timing of their behavior,” said Anne Aulsebrook, a researcher with the University of Melbourne.(墨尔本大学的研究人员Anne Aulsebrook说：“光污染似乎导致动物，尤其是鸟类，改变了它们的行为时间，这是最常见且有充分记录的事情之一。”)”以及文章最后一段“Such species-specific results can make managing for light pollution difficult, Aulsebrook said, but the results did have one thing in common:amber light was never more harmful.( Aulsebrook说，这种物种特异性的结果会使光污染的管理变得困难，但结果确实有一个共同点：琥珀光从来没有如此有害。)”可知研究人员们想要通过实验了解光污染对于鸟类行为的影响。故选D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“They set up experiments exposing the birds to darkness one night, switching on the lights the next and turning them off the following night. “We expected to see them sleep more on the first night, less when the lights are on and then recover some of the sleep they lost the next night,” she said.(他们设置了实验，让这些鸟在一个晚上暴露在黑暗中，第二天晚上打开灯，第二天晚上关闭灯。她说：“我们希望看到他们在第一个晚上睡得更多，而在有灯的时候睡得更少，然后恢复他们在第二天晚上失去的一些睡眠，”她说”)”以及第四段中的“Quality of sleep was also affected. The pigeons didn’t seem to recover from the loss of rapid-eye movement(REM)sleep the night before,slept less intensely the following night and woke up more often.(睡眠质量也受到了影响。鸽子似乎并没有从前一晚的快速动眼(REM)睡眠的缺失中恢复过来，第二天晚上睡眠强度较低，醒来频率更高)”可推知，REM是指鸟儿们在没有灯光的情况下的一种深度睡眠。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Magpies’ sleep was also affected by both white and amber light; they found, but the birds slept twice as much in amber light. Magpies also seemed to recover all of their non-REM sleep, but not their REM sleep—the opposite of the findings from the pigeon experiment.(喜鹊的睡眠也受到白光和琥珀光的影响；他们发现，但这些鸟在琥珀色光线下的睡眠时间是平时的两倍。喜鹊似乎也恢复了所有的非快速眼动睡眠，但快速眼动睡眠没有恢复，这与鸽子实验的结果相反。)”可知，与鸽子相比，喜鹊在琥珀色灯光下的睡眠时间增加了两倍。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段“Street lights can change the amount and quality of sleep that pigeons and magpies get at night, affecting their energy in the morning.(路灯可以改变鸽子和喜鹊在晚上的睡眠时间和质量，影响它们在早上的精力。)”以及第二段““One of the most common and well-documented things light pollution seems to do is cause animals, particularly birds, to change the timing of their behavior,” said Anne Aulsebrook, a researcher with the University of Melbourne.(墨尔本大学的研究人员Anne Aulsebrook说：“光污染似乎导致动物，尤其是鸟类，改变了它们的行为时间，这是最常见且有充分记录的事情之一。”)”是全文的主旨，文章第三、四、五段主要讲的是科学家们通过实验来研究光污染对于不同鸟类行为的影响，最后一段“Such species-specific results can make managing for light pollution difficult, Aulsebrook said, but the results did have one thing in common: amber light was never more harmful. “If we had to choose, I’d still go with warmer, amber colors,” she said. “The other simpler solution is to turn the lights off. ”(Aulsebrook说，这种物种特异性的结果会使光污染的管理变得困难，但结果确实有一个共同点：琥珀光从来没有如此有害。“如果一定要选的话，我还是会选暖色调的琥珀色，”她说。“另一个更简单的解决办法是关灯。”)”对全文内容进行总结并指出相关的解决办法。所以全文都是在围绕着光污染对于鸟类睡眠行为的影响来展开，D项“Light pollution can change birds’ sleep patterns.”作为文章的题目最合适。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项 涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Poetry Writing Tips for Beginners
Poetry is one of the oldest and most respected literary forms. It takes a certain style and skill with words to create a good work of poetry. Here are some easy-to-follow tips on writing poetry:
• ____16____
Before you start the writing process, you should make sure that you read as many great poems as possible. Take a glance at the works of Neruda, Keats, Whitman, and Dickinson to name a few of the greats. This does not mean that you should copy their work of course. ____17____.
• Choose a specific theme
Like any other type of literary work, your poem will need a specific theme. You can’t write a poem effectively if you don’t have a set theme. A theme will give your work both focus and a set goal.____18____. It could be about loss, love, hate, greed, etc. Your theme could also be about a very specific event in your life, such as your first love or a broken relationship.
• Read it aloud
During the writing process, it is important that you check how your poem sounds.____19____.However, it may sound awkward or lacking once you read it aloud. So take the time to read your work aloud. Read it aloud after each stanza (诗节). If you want to be more thorough, you could read it aloud to family and friends.
• Polish it up
After you have your poem critiqued (评论), now is the time to polish it up. Take their advice and make any changes to the wordplay or word usage. If you see any clunky wordplay in your work, try to smoothen them out. Remember that poetry should have a flow, an almost lyrical feel.
____20____.However, once you put these poetry tips for beginners into practice, you’ll be able to create quality poetry in no time.
A. Free your mind
B. Read great poems
C. It may seem perfect when you’re reading it
D. Your theme can be practically anything under the sun
E. Learning how to write poetry can be slow-going at first
F. It is still a very satisfying feeling to create great works of poetry
G. Think of them as references that will expand your horizons as a poet
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. D 19. C 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。作者为打算学习写诗的人提供了几个好建议。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Before you start the writing process, you should make sure that you read as many great poems as possible.(在你开始写作之前，你应该确保你读了尽可能多的好诗)”可知，这一段是建议在开始写诗前，要多读好诗。由此可知，选项B“Read great poems(读好诗)”和下文一致，符合语境。故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“This does not mean that you should copy their work of course.(当然，这并不意味着你应该抄袭他们的作品)”可知，此处是建议在读优秀的诗歌，但是不要复制抄袭。由此可知，选项G“Think of them as references that will expand your horizons as a poet(把它们当作参考，可以扩展你作为诗人的视野)”指出把读过的诗当做参考，拓展视野，和下文上文一致，符合语境。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“It could be about loss, love, hate, greed, etc. Your theme could also be about a very specific event in your life, such as your first love or a broken relationship.(它可能是关于失去、爱、恨、贪婪等。你的主题也可能是关于你生活中的一个非常具体的事件，比如你的初恋或破裂的关系)”可知，这一段作者建议选定主题，但是主题的范围特别广泛。由此可知，选项D“Your theme can be practically anything under the sun(你的主题可以是太阳下的任何东西)”也指明主题范围很宽，和下文一致，符合语境。故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“However, it may sound awkward or lacking once you read it aloud.(然而，一旦你大声朗读，它可能听起来很尴尬或缺乏什么)”可知，这一段建议写完诗后要读出来听听。且这一句话用转折副词however“然而”与上文连接，说明上文应该是指出：所写的诗读起来感觉很不错。由此可知，选项C“It may seem perfect when you’re reading it(当你读它时，它似乎是完美的)”和下文存在转折关系，符合语境。故选C项。
20题详解】
根据下文“However, once you put these poetry tips for beginners into practice, you’ll be able to create quality poetry in no time.(然而，一旦你将这些针对初学者的诗歌技巧付诸实践，你将能够在短时间内创作出高质量的诗歌)”可知，此处作者指出只要认真按照本文提供的建议学习写诗，很快就能写出好诗。且这一句话用转折副词however“然而”与上文连接，说明上文应该是指出：最开始学写诗很难很慢。选项E“Learning how to write poetry can be slow-going at first(最开始学习写诗，可能速度会很慢)”和下文形成转折关系，符合语境。故选E项。
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
At a conference held in a cross-cultural team, some employees will feel uncomfortable intervening (介入). Meanwhile, others will be____21____ to participate. Now, whether you’ll____22____ actively not only depends on your personality, but also depends on your____23____ patterns.
Adam Goulston, the owner of the Japanese company Seize, says that his____24____ is made up of Asians and Westerners. Workers find it hard to____25____ during the meetings: I found many members were unprepared to express themselves____26____. Even if they ____27____ to break free from the typical meetings in which the highest-ranking person does most of the talking while others listen, they were____28____ by having to talk. Perhaps it was too impulsive (冲动的) or they needed more time to think and prepare an ideal ____29____. The bigger the meeting, the greater the_____30_____. ”
In general, when it comes to expressing ideas and opinions, employees from individualistic cultures, like Australia or the United States, _____31_____ to say their viewpoints with ease. _____32_____, workers from hierarchical (等级的) cultures, such as India and Middle East countries, are_____33_____ to expressing their thoughts only after their senior coworkers have_____34_____ their points of view. The hierarchical standards_____35_____ a lot in Singapore, too. According to a Reddit user, at the meetings with clients, only senior managers are allowed to speak.
In addition, many Chinese people_____36_____ the rule of “thinking before speaking”, and they’ ll have to make good_____37_____ ahead of the meeting if they have to participate.
If you are a boss with employees from individualistic cultures, you should _____38_____ these barriers and overcome them, because it is particularly_____39_____ if you’ re managing a multicultural team. In that case, be sure to help your employees_____40_____ cultural divides.
21. A. happy B. hesitant C. frightened D. grateful
22. A. get along B. speak up C. carry on D. check in
23. A. mental B. technical C. cultural D. habitual
24. A. team B. family C. audience D. club
25. A. concentrate B. wander C. approach D. communicate
26. A. impatiently B. fluently C. formally D. freely
27. A. hated B. applied C. desired D. managed
28. A. burdened B. promoted C. confused D. encouraged
29. A. excuse B. outcome C. response D. lesson
30. A. disaster B. success C. reward D. effect
31. A. happen B. refuse C. tend D. pretend
32. A. Instead B. Lastly C. Thus D. However
33. A. addicted B. accustomed C. devoted D. related
34. A. formed B. shared C. accepted D. known
35. A. mean B. gain C. change D. improve
36. A. follow B. doubt C. realize D. abandon
37. A. explanations B. preparations C. impressions D. comments
38. A. hide B. receive C. spot D. avoid
39. A. unusual B. useful C. interesting D. familiar
40. A. repeat B. enjoy C. defend D. bridge
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. A 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。指出由于东西方文化背景的不同，导致一个团队内部在会议上参与发言的积极主动性的迥异。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同时，其他人很开心能够参与其中。A. happy 开心的；B. hesitant 犹豫的；C. frightened 害怕的；D. grateful 感激的。根据上文“At a conference held in a cross-cultural team, some employees will feel uncomfortable intervening (介入).（在跨文化团队召开的会议上，一些员工会感到不舒服。）”可知，这与下文形成对比，其他的员工会可以参与其中。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：现在，你是否会积极发言不仅取决于你的性格，还取决于你所处的文化模式。A. get along 相处得好；B. speak up 大胆地说；C. carry on 继续做；D. check in 登记入住。根据下文“actively（积极地）”可知，在会议中积极，即多发表自己的观点，大胆地发声。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，你是否会积极发言不仅取决于你的性格，还取决于你所处的文化模式。A. mental 精神的；B. technical 技术的；C. cultural 文化的；D. habitual 习惯的。根据上文“At a conference held in a cross-cultural team（在跨文化团队召开的会议上）”可知，再这样的跨文化会议中，文化因素也会影响一个人的表现。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：日本公司Seize的老板Adam Goulston说，他的团队由亚洲人和西方人组成。A. team 团队；B. family 家庭；C. audience 观众；D. club 俱乐部。根据上文“the Japanese company（这家日本公司）”可知，此处描述的为公司员工团队的组成。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：工作人员发现在会议期间很难交流：“我发现许多成员没有准备好自由表达自己。A. concentrate 集中；B. wander 游荡；C. approach 接近；D. communicate 交流。根据上文“At a conference held in a cross-cultural team, some employees will feel uncomfortable intervening (介入).（在跨文化团队召开的会议上，一些员工会感到不舒服。）”可知，之所以不舒服，是因为会议期间交流沟通的不通畅。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：工作人员发现在会议期间很难交流：“我发现许多成员没有准备好自由表达自己。A. impatiently 不耐烦地；B. fluently 流畅地；C. formally 正式地；D. freely 自由地。根据下文“the highest-ranking person does most of the talking while others listen（最高级别的人做了大部分的发言，而其他人却在听）”可知，因为领导发言，所以其他人应该没有准备好畅所欲言，即自由畅谈。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使他们想摆脱那种典型的会议，在这种会议中，最高级别的人做了大部分的发言，而其他人却在听，他们也会因为不得不说话而感到负担。A. hated 憎恨；B. applied 应用；C. desired 渴望；D. manage 设法做。根据上文“I found many members were unprepared to express themselves freely.（我发现许多成员没有准备好自由表达自己。）”可知，这些没准备好发言的成员应该是想摆脱会议的。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使他们想摆脱那种典型的会议，在这种会议中，最高级别的人做了大部分的发言，而其他人却在听，他们也会因为不得不说话而感到负担。A. burdened 烦扰；B. promoted 促进；C. confused 迷惘；D. encouraged 鼓励。根据上文“I found many members were unprepared to express themselves freely.（我发现许多成员没有准备好自由表达自己。）”可知，这些人本来就没准备好发言，因此必须发言对他们而言是一个负担。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许是太冲动了，或者他们需要更多的时间来思考和准备一个理想的回应。A. excuse 借口；B. outcome 结果；C. response 回复；D. lesson 课程。根据上文“Workers find it hard to communicate during the meetings（工作人员发现在会议期间很难交流）”可知，原因一方面在于他们没准备发言，另一方面，他们要给出合理的回复也需要花时间。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：会议越大，影响越大。A. disaster 灾难；B. success 成功；C. reward 奖励；D. effect 影响。根据本句中 “The bigger the meeting（会议越大）”可知，此处描述会议越大，接下来应该指出会议对员工的影响也会越大。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一般来说，当谈到表达想法和观点时，来自个人主义文化如澳大利亚或美国的员工往往会轻松地表达自己的观点。A. happen 发生；B. refuse 拒绝；C. tend 趋向于；D. pretend 假装。根据下文“to say their viewpoints with ease（轻松地表达自己的观点）”可知，来自个人主义文化的员工个人意识比较强，即会趋于主动表达自己。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，来自印度和中东等推崇等级文化的国家的工人习惯于在高级别同事分享他们的观点后，才表达自己的想法。A. Instead 而不是；B. Lastly 最后；C. Thus 因此；D. However 然而。根据上文“tend to say their viewpoints with ease（往往会轻松地表达自己的观点）”可知，这与本句所说的要等高级别的同时讲完再发言形成明显对比，故使用转折副词开启句子，符合语境。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，来自印度和中东等推崇等级文化的国家的工人习惯于在高级别同事分享他们的观点后，才表达自己的想法。A. addicted 上瘾的；B. accustomed 习惯的；C. devoted 忠诚的；D. related 相关的。根据搭配be accustomed to do sth.意为“习惯做某事”可知，用于此处符合语境，因为上文也提到tend to do，“趋向于做某事”，两个词组同义复现。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，来自印度和中东等推崇等级文化的国家的工人习惯于在高级别同事分享他们的观点后，才表达自己的想法。A. formed 形成；B. shared 分享；C. accepted 接受；D. known 知道。根据本句的搭配“senior coworkers（高级别的同事）”和“their points of view（他们的观点）”可知，此处应该在描述这些员工发表自己的观点，即与其他同事分享自己的观点。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在新加坡，等级标准也意味深重。A. mean 意味着；B. gain 获得；C. change 改变；D. improve 改善。根据下文“at the meetings with clients, only senior managers are allowed to speak（在与客户的会议上，只有高级别的经理才能发言）”可知，这说明新加坡等级制度很森严，即意味深重。故选A项。
36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，许多中国人遵循“先思考后发言”的原则，如果他们必须参加会议，他们必须在会前做好充分的准备。A. follow 跟随；B. doubt 怀疑；C. realize 实现；D. abandon 抛弃。根据下文“the rule（原则）”可知，使用动词follow搭配，表示遵循原则符合语境，正因为遵循先思考的原则，才会提前做准备。故选A项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，许多中国人遵循“先思考后发言”的原则，如果他们必须参加会议，他们必须在会前做好充分的准备。A. explanations 解释；B. preparations 准备；C. impressions 印象；D. comments 评论。根据本句的原则“thinking before speaking（先思考后发言）”可知，如果确定参加会议，一定会提前做准备。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你是一个拥有来自个人主义文化的员工的老板，你应该发现这些障碍并克服它们，因为如果你管理的是一个多文化的团队，这是非常有用的。A. hide 隐藏；B. receive 接受；C. spot 注意到；D. avoid 避免。根据下文“overcome them（克服它们）”可知，此处“它们”指的是化化差异造成的障碍，克服障碍的前提是先注意到有障碍。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你是一个拥有来自个人主义文化的员工的老板，你应该发现这些障碍并克服它们，因为如果你管理的是一个多文化的团队，这是非常有用的。A. unusual 不平常的；B. useful 有用的；C. interesting 有趣的；D. familiar 熟悉的。根据本句“you should spot these barriers and overcome them（你应该发现这些障碍并克服它们）”可知，之所以提建议要这么做，是因为这么做有用。故选B项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，一定要帮助员工消除文化鸿沟。A. repeat 重复；B. enjoy 享受；C. defend 防卫；D. bridge 弥合，消除。根据上文“spot these barriers and overcome them（注意到这些障碍，并克服它们）”可知，作者建议拥有来自不同文化员工的老板应该想办法消除文化差异，使大家跟融洽的工作交流。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Sun Moon Lake is located in the central region of Taiwan. It covers ____41____ area of 7. 7 square kilometers and has an average water ____42____ (deep) of 40 meters.
According to legend, a white deer contributed to the discovery of the lake. Three hundred years ago, a group of ____43____ (farmer) were hunting when they discovered a large white deer running to the northwest. They followed this ____44____ (amaze) creature for three days and nights, but it finally disappeared in the forest. On the fourth day, after they had moved through the forest, they came upon an impressive view. They ____45____ (see) a beautiful lake shining brightly in the sun. A small round island covered with trees divided the lake ____46____ two parts. One part was like the sun and the other part was like the moon, so they called it Sun Moon Lake. ____47____ (attract) by the fertile soil and beautiful scenery there, they decided to settle down and began a new life.
Sun Moon Lake is the ____48____ (large) natural lake in Taiwan. With a pleasant climate, it is a top choice as a summer destination. The beauty of the lake lies in its still water, ____49____ clearly reflects the surrounding mountains. It is _____50_____ (extreme) attractive at night, when the water is bathed in moonlight.
Because of a layer of thin fog, it gives the appearance of a place existing only in legend.
【答案】41. an 42. depth
43. farmers
44. amazing
45. saw 46. into
47. Attracted
48. largest
49. which 50. extremely
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日月潭名字的由来。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它的面积是7.7平方公里，平均水深40米。结合句意及空前的covers及空后的area of 可知应填冠词an，cover an area of 意为“占地面积为……”，固定搭配。故填an。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：它的面积是7.7平方公里，平均水深40米。结合句意此处应填名词形式depth，作动词has的宾语，a depth of意为“深度为 ……”。故填depth。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：三百年前，一群农民在打猎时发现一只大白鹿向西北方向跑去。结合句意及空前的a group of 以及空后的were可知应填名词的复数形式farmens，作主语。故填farmens。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们跟踪这个神奇的生物三天三夜，但它最终消失在森林里。结合句意空处可知空处应用-ing形式的形容词amazing，修饰名词creature，意为“令人惊奇的”，作定语。故填amazing。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：他们看到一个美丽的湖在阳光下闪闪发光。空处应填谓语动词，结合句意动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填saw。
【46题详解】
考查介词。句意：一个被树木覆盖的圆形小岛把湖分成了两部分。divide...into...意为“把……分成……”，固定搭配。故填into。
47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们被那里肥沃的土壤和美丽的风景所吸引，决定定居下来，开始新的生活。分析句子结构及句意可知此处应填非谓语动词的形式，attract与主语they之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表被动，作原因状语，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Attracted。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：日月潭是台湾最大的天然湖泊。由空前的the和表示范围的in Taiwan可知应填形容词的最高级形式largest，作定语。故填largest。
【49题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这个湖的美在于它平静的湖水，清晰地映照着周围的群山。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为water，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
【50题详解】
考查副词。句意：夜晚，湖水沐浴在月光下，显得格外迷人。结合句意空处应填副词形式extremely，修饰形容词attractive，作状语。故填extremely。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
増加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1 .每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Village life is totally different from that in the city. I brought up in a small village but I can remember so many facts about village life on winter mornings.
In the village, people, which fields need to be looked after, are all hard-working. Too much cold and fog can make our work a little bit of hard. They wake up early in the morning and went to their fields, drove their cows. Winter mornings are special for kids as well. This time is perfectly for playing games. As the child, I would go out with my ball to play with some other child. And that is why I have been in love with winter mornings ever since.
【答案】1. brought前加was
2.but→and或so
3. which→whose
4.our→their
5.去掉bit后的of
6.故went→go
7. drive→driving
8. perfectly→perfect
9. the→a
10. child→children
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候在农村生活时的冬天早晨乡村生活的一些事实。
【详解】1.考查动词语态。句意：我是在一个小村庄长大的，（所以）我能记得很多关于冬天早晨乡村生活的事实。主语I和bring up是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，动作已结束，应用一般过去时。故brought前加was。
2.考查连词。句意：我是在一个小村庄长大的，（所以）我能记得很多关于冬天早晨乡村生活的事实。根据句意可知，前后不存在转折关系，而是并列或因果关系，应用and或so连接句子。故but改为and或so。
3.考查定语从句。句意：在村子里，人们都很勤劳，他们的田地需要照看。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是people，关系词替代先行词在从句中作fields的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故which改为whose。
4.考查代词。句意：太冷和雾会让他们的工作有点困难。根据语境可知，此处指代农村里的人们，应用their。故our改为their。
5.考查副词词组。句意：太冷和雾会让他们的工作有点困难。固定搭配a little bit“有点；有几分”，是副词，修饰形容词hard，介词of多余。故去掉bit后的of。
6.考查动词时态。句意：他们早上很早就起床，然后去他们的田地，赶他们的牛。根据语境可知，此处描述农村生活的事实，应用一般现在时。故went改为go。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：他们早上很早就起床，然后去他们的田地，赶他们的牛。此处与主语They是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，作伴随状语。故drive改为driving。
8.考查形容词。句意：这个时间最适合玩游戏了。此处作表语，应用形容词。故perfectly改为perfect。
9.考查冠词。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我会带着球出去和其他孩子玩。此处泛指“一个孩子”，应用不定冠词，child是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故the改为a。
10.考查名词复数。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我会带着球出去和其他孩子玩。child是可数名词，前面有some，应用名词复数。故child改为children。
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华，上周末你作为志愿者参加了在人民公园举办的有关古树文化的宣传活动。请给你的英国笔友Gmyson写封邮件，介绍这次活动的情况。要点包括：
1.活动目的；
2.活动内容；
3.你的感想。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Grayson,
I’m writing to tell you something very meaningful I did last weekend.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Grayson,
I’m writing to tell you something very meaningful I did last weekend.
In order to raise public awareness of protecting old trees, our city organized a series of tree-themed cultural activities in People’s Park last weekend. As a volunteer, I helped the park workers make cards with the individual trees’ information on them, and handed out pictures of the well-known old trees in our city to the passers-by.
Old trees can be seen as “living relics”, and they have witnessed our city’s development. However, some of the old trees have disappeared due to natural disasters and human destruction in recent years. I think it’s really our duty to protect these old trees. In doing this, we’re protecting and carrying forward our city’s history. Don’t you agree with me?
All the best wishes.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Gmyson写封邮件，介绍在人民公园举办的古树文化宣传活动的相关情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
有意义的：meaningful → significant
帮助：help → assist/aid
著名的：well-known → famous
见证：witness→ see
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Old trees can be seen as “living relics”, and they have witnessed our city’s development.
拓展句：Old trees, which have witnessed our city’s development, can be seen as “living relics”.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m writing to tell you something very meaningful I did last weekend. (运用了省略关系代词that的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I think it’s really our duty to protect these old trees. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)
听力答案：1——5 CAABB 6——10 CCBCB 11——15 CCABC 16—20 BAAB