2022-2023学年河北省沧衡八校联盟高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年河北省沧衡八校联盟高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共26页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
沧衡八校联盟高三年级2022～2023学年上学期期中考试
英语试题
注意事项
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ₤19.15. B. ₤9.18 C. ₤9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How did the man go to Jiu Zhaigou?
A. By train. B. By car. C. By plane.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: You had a wonderful time in Jiuzhaigou. That sounds like fun.
M: Yes, it was.
W: How did you get there? Did you go by plane?
M: No, we wanted to enjoy the scenery so we took the train.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When did the woman get home last night?
A. At 9:50. B. At 10:00. C. At 10:50.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: When were you back home last night?
W: I watched a movie which finished at 9:50 so I didn’t come back home an hour later.
M: You should be back home before 10:00.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The weather. B. The trip. C. The bus.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: The weather was really good along the way, so the trip was really smooth.
W: But for the breakdown of the bus, we should have enjoyed more.
M: Yeah. Anyway I am happy to be back safely.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Father and daughter.
B. Husband and wife.
C. Teacher and student.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Can I go to the cinema tonight with Alice?
M: Just the two of you? You’d better not. It’s not safe for you two young girls to go out late at night.
W: Well, actually we are no longer primary school kids now. Alice’s parents aren’t so strict like you.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What’s the man’s problem
A. They forgot to bring the laptop.
B. The laptop doesn’t work.
C. They failed to finish the report.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hey, Jim, did you bring your laptop? We have to finish our report this week.
M: I brought it, but I’m afraid it’s down. I have no way to turn it on,
第二节(共15小题每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. How does the woman find the dress？
A. It’s soft. B. It’s worthless. C. It’s of high-quality.
7. What do we know about the woman？
A. She should get a smaller dress.
B. She persuaded her husband to buy the dress.
C. She has gained some weight.
【答案】6. C 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: John, look at this! They’ve got dresses on sale — only $50 each. They’re of really good quality, too. Here, feel this.
M: Mm, it feels soft, I suppose, I don’t know if it’s worth $50, though.
W: Let me look in the mirror. What do you think?
M: Well, it looks a bit small for you, Mary.
W: Yeah, it does a bit. Funny, I’ve always been this size.
M: You must have put on some weight.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. What do we know about Henry?
A. He can’t play the guitar.
B. He had no musical training.
C. He plays the piano very well.
9. When did Tony learn playing the saxophone?
A. When he was in primary school.
B. When he was in high school.
C. When he was in college.
10. Why did Henry give up learning the piano?
A. It was costly.
B. It was dull.
C. It was time consuming.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hey, Henry, did you go to the music festival yesterday?
M: Yes, it’s amazing to see the singers just pull out a guitar and start singing at the stage. I just wish I could do that.
W: I learned to play the guitar when I was 8. It’s really relaxing to play the guitar.
M: Yeah, I think so. I have played the piano and the saxophone before but not that well.
W: Oh, really? So you actually had some musical training?
M: Yes, I learned playing the saxophone for two years when I was in primary school. But it was quite expensive.
W: Yes, it is. How about piano playing?
M: I learned it for a year in high school. The training was so hard and boring, and then the piano was too large to bring with, so I gave it up too.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11. Why did the man make the phone call?
A. To make a restaurant reservation.
B. To book a plane ticket.
C. To book a room.
12. Where will the man go
A. London B. Edinburgh. C. New York.
13. When will the man return
A. On November 1st. B. On October 31st. C. On October 29th.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, I would like to make a reservation for a round trip plane ticket from London to New York.
W: Welcome to the AMI agency. What days would you like to fly?
M: I am looking for a flight around the 10th of October and a returning flight on the 3lst of October.
W: We have a flight on the 10th, but it will go via Edinburgh. As for your returning flight, the 3lst of October is already fully booked.
M: Do I have any other options?
W: There are open seats back to London on the 1st of November.
M: So I won’t be able to do that because I’ve got a really tight schedule of work back home. Is there anything before the 31st, maybe the 30th or 29th?
W: Let me check. Yes, you can book a return date on the 29th.
M: That will be OK. Thank you very much, I will see you next week.
W: See you then.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14. What is the man probably?
A. A host. B. A chef. C. A salesman.
15. When did Karina fall in love with cooking?
A. When she helped her parents prepare food.
B. After she worked at a restaurant for 2 weeks.
C. After the cooking competition.
16. What was the result of the cooking competition?
A. She won a big award.
B. She got a full-time job from a top chef.
C. Her cooking skills were recognized by the judges.
17 Why doesn’t Karina eat out in her free time?
A. She prefers eating at home with parents.
B. It’s expensive to eat out.
C. She has few days off work.
【答案】14. A 15. B 16. C 17. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Good evening, today I’m with Karina Rogers, who’s working at a top restaurant. Karina, where did your interest in cooking come from?
W: Well, both my parents prepared food in their hotel kitchen, and although I helped them a bit, I never enjoyed that much. In fact, it wasn’t until I worked for two weeks at a restaurant that I realized what cooking was for me.
M: And the restaurant was really pleased with you?
W: Yes, and that gave me the confidence to enter a cooking competition. I wasn’t among the winners, but the judges really liked what I made.
M: Then a top chef noticed your cooking?
W: Yes, and he gave me a Saturday job at his restaurant. My first task was to prepare a salad. No one had told me the food was for someone famous, but it seemed she really liked it.
M: And do you eat out in your free time?
W: I don’t do that anymore.
M: Because it is expensive?
W: No. On my days off, I just like eating at home. It’s a good chance to be with my parents!
M: Well, Karina, thank you again for joining us in tonight’s program.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

18. When did Hemingway produce his first collection of short stories?
A. In 1923. B. In 1929. C. In 1952.
19. What is his first novel about?
A. His experiences during World War I.
B. The time when he worked as a reporter.
C. Those gifted but lonely and angry people.
20. Why could Hemingway win the Nobel Prize for Literature?
A He wrote many books and stories.
B. He wrote it with his own personal experiences.
C He wrote about his childhood.
【答案】18. A 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Today we’ll talk about Ernest Hemingway, the famous American writer.
Like many great writers, many of Hemingway’s books and stories were based on his personal experiences. In 1923, he produced his first collection of short stories, and most of the stories related to his childhood. As we know, in his early twenties, Hemingway lived in Paris and knew many famous writers and artists there. So in his first novel, The Sun Also Rises, he wrote about those gifted but lonely and angry people. In 1929, he produced his fourth novel, A Farewell to Arms, which was based on his experiences during World War I. During World War II, he worked as a reporter in Europe, and he used these experiences to write Across the River and into the Trees. In 1952, he wrote a short novel, The Old Man and the Sea. For this book, he won the Nobel Prize for Literature. Why is it the best? As I said, when he was younger, he used to go fishing with his father and in his later years, deep-sea fishing remained his favourite hobby. He was able to write a powerful story because of his own personal experiences.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
This year, we are delighted to launch the first time American Short Fiction (ASF). From Thursday, May 26, to Monday, May 30, we will welcome twenty-four writers to Austin to study with short-story masters Karen Russell and Dantiel W. Moniz over the course of five inspiring, enlightening days.
Participants will attend daily fiction workshops, one-on-one meetings with distinguished faculty, and craft lectures by faculty, special guests, and ASF editors. We’ll provide space to create new work and make lasting connections in the atmosphere of the sights, sounds, and swimming holes of Austin.
How to Apply
Applications are due February 15 by 11:59 pm. To apply, please send us a double-spaced writing sample of up to 25 pages through our submittable application site (https://american-shortfiction.org/workshop/). There is a non-refundable $20 application fee. We will inform applicants of their acceptance by email on or before March 15.
Tuition for the workshop is $ 1,800, which does not include room and board. We are working with a local hotel within walking distance of our office for a discounted block of rooms, and you are also welcome to seek out accommodations on your own.
Scholarships and Financial Aid
We are proud to offer financial assistance to attend the workshop in the form of two scholarships and two fellowships. Our merit-based (基于优秀的) scholarships will come with a 50% reduction in tuition. Our fellowships are need-based, and cover the entire cost of the workshop and accommodations. Writers from historically underserved communities are encouraged to apply.
21. What can the participants do at the workshop?
A. Welcome twenty-four writers.
B. Study with Dantiel W. Moniz.
C. Make lectures at fiction workshops.
D. Provide space to create new work.
22. When does the application close?
A. February 16 by 00:00 am. B. March 15 by 00:00 am.
C. Thursday, May 26 by 11:59 pm. D. February 15 by 11:59 am.
23. How much will a participant with scholarship spend at least?
A. $ 900. B. $ 1,820. C. $ 1,800. D. $ 920.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了今年首次推出的美国短篇小说工作坊的相关信息，包括内容、申请、费用等。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“From Thursday, May 26, to Monday, May 30, we will welcome twenty-four writers to Austin to study with short-story masters Karen Russell and Dantiel W. Moniz over the course of five inspiring, enlightening days.(从5月26日（星期四）到5月30日（星期一），我们将欢迎24位作家来到奥斯汀，与短篇小说大师凯伦·罗素和丹提尔·W·莫尼兹一起学习，为期五天)”可知，参加者可以在工作坊与丹提尔·W·莫尼兹一起学习。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句“Applications are due February 15 by 11:59 pm.(申请截止日期为2月15日晚上11点59分)”可知，申请截止日期为2月16日凌晨00:00。故选A项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段倒数第二句“There is a non-refundable $20 application fee.(有20美元的申请费是不可退还的)”第四段第一句“Tuition for the workshop is $ 1,800, which does not include room and board.(研习班的学费是1800美元，不包括食宿)”以及最后一段第一句的“Our merit-based(基于优秀的) scholarships will come with a 50% reduction in tuition.(我们的基于成绩优秀的奖学金将提供50%的学费减免)”可知，获得奖学金的学员最少要花（$ 1,800*50%+$20）920美元。故选D项。
B
Composer George Lam has always liked writing music inspired by places.
“There are all these places in Chinatown that are both hidden and meaningful” he says stepping out of the way of passers-by while leading a tour of the neighborhood. “To uncover some of those hidden things in a city walk that you might not ordinarily notice—l wondered. is there a piece in that?”
It turns out that there’s not just a piece but a whole app Lam interviewed five Chinese Americans from around the country; asking them about their experiences in Chinatown: plus questions about their ancestors. their families and their memories. He then set the answers to music the instruments drawing attention to each person’s distinct pattern of speech.
Lam created the app Family Association. He calls the piece—the free app—Family Association, after the important folk groups that line the streets of the neighborhood Chinese family associations have been a bridge between new immigrants and more established ones since the late 1800s. In Chinatowns across the country they’re a place to find resources or an apartment, talk business or polities, maybe get a COVID shot. But they’re also a place to socialize with people who share similar experiences.
Five of the neighborhood’s associations are anchors (锚点) for the app. Visitors use the build-in map to see locations of the associations. As they walk closer to one of the family association buildings, the focus is on one of the five oral history participants, telling their stories. These stories aren’t about the family associations instead they’re about the Chinese-American experience and how they’ve felt supported by Chinatown.
But Lam thinks of the app itself as a kind of virtual family association. connecting these Chinese-American voices with each other, even if they’ve never met. And he hopes to connect with visitors too—at the end of the soundwalk, users are given a chance to record their own memories.
24. How did Lam deal with the interviewees’ answers?
A. By setting them apart
B. By organizing them in order.
C. By adding music to them
D. By spreading them nationwide
25. What can we know from paragraph 4?
A. Chinatown plays a vital role in Chinese-Americans.
B. Lam named his app after the street of the neighbourhood.
C. All Chinese Americans lived in Chinatowns when firstly reaching America.
D. Chinese family associations have been a bridge of immigrants since 1800.
26. What are the participants’ stories about?
A. When they came to Chinatowns.
B. Why they chose to stay in Chinatowns.
C. How they’ve felt supported from China.
D. What they experienced as Chinese Americans
27. What is Lam’s expectation?
A. To promote his new app
B. To associate with visitors
C. To record his own memories
D. To connect with Chinese Americans
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了George Lam开发的一款名为“家庭协会”的应用程序。该程序将华裔美国人的声音联系起来。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“He then set the answers to music the instruments drawing attention to each person’s distinct pattern of speech.(然后，他把答案与乐器的音乐结合起来，让人们注意到每个人独特的说话模式。)”可知，他在人们给出的答案中加上了音乐。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Lam created the app Family Association. He calls the piece—the free app—Family Association, after the important folk groups that line the streets of the neighborhood Chinese family associations have been a bridge between new immigrants and more established ones since the late 1800s. In Chinatowns across the country they’re a place to find resources or an apartment, talk business or polities, maybe get a COVID shot. But they’re also a place to socialize with people who share similar experiences.(Lam创建了“家庭协会”应用程序。他把这款免费应用叫做“家庭协会”，这个名字取自社区华人家庭协会街道上的重要民间团体，自19世纪末以来，这些团体一直是新移民和更成熟的移民之间的桥梁。在全国各地的唐人街，人们可以在那里寻找资源或公寓，谈论商业或政治，也许还可以打一针新冠病毒疫苗。但它们也是一个与有相似经历的人社交的地方。)”可知，唐人街在华裔美国人的心中以及生活中占据着及其重要的作用。故选A。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“These stories aren’t about the family associations instead they’re about the Chinese-American experience and how they’ve felt supported by Chinatown.(这些故事不是关于家庭关系，而是关于华裔美国人的经历，以及他们如何感受到唐人街对他们的支持。)”可知，这些故事讲述的是华裔美国人的经历。故选D。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“And he hopes to connect with visitors too—at the end of the soundwalk, users are given a chance to record their own memories.(同时，他也希望能与游客建立联系——在声音漫步的最后，用户有机会记录下自己的记忆。)”可知，Lam希望能够和游客建立联系。故选B。
C
When robots appear to engage with people and display human-like emotions, people may think of them as capable of “thinking”, or acting on their own beliefs and desires rather than their programs, according to the research published by the American Psychological Association.
“The relationship between human-like shape, human-like behavior and the tendency to attribute (把……归因于) independent thought and intentional behavior to robots is yet to be understood,” said study author Agnieszka Wykowska, PhD, a principal investigator at the Italian Institute of Technology. “As artificial intelligence increasingly becomes a part of our lives, it is important to understand how interacting with a robot that displays human-like behaviors might cause higher likelihood of attribution of intentional agency to the robot.”
Across three experiments involving 119 participants, researchers examined how individuals would see a human-like robot, the iCub, after socializing with it and watching videos together. Before and after interacting with the robot, participants completed a questionnaire that showed them pictures of the robot in different situations and asked then to choose whether the robot’s motivation in each situation was mechanical or intentional.
The researchers found that participants who watched videos with the human-like robot were more likely to rate the robot’s actions as intentional, rather than programmed, while those who only interacted with the machine-like robot were not. This shows that mere exposure to a human-like robot is not enough to make people believe it is capable of thoughts and emotions. It is human-like behavior that might be crucial for being deemed as an intentional agent.
According to Wykowska, these findings show that people might be more likely to believe artificial intelligence is capable of independent thought when it creates the impression that it can behave just like humans. “This could inform the design of social robots of the future,” she said.
28. What were participants asked to do in the experiment?
A. Behave like a robot. B. Complete a questionnaire.
C. Show pictures of the robot. D. Watch the behavior of the iCub.
29. What does the underlined word ”deemed“ in paragraph4 probably mean?
A. Believed. B. Persuaded. C. Performed. D. Advocated.
30. What could the findings be applied to?
A. Addressing some technique problems.
B. Creating social robots just like humans.
C. Guiding the design of future social robots.
D. Developing artificial intelligence industry.
31. What would be a suitable title for the text?
A. Human-like robots can interact with humans
B. Human-like robots can behave just like humans
C. Artificial intelligence has become part of our lives
D. Human-like robots may be believed to have mental states
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。有着类似人类行为的机器人是否有独立思考的能力，研究者们对此进行了实验，并得出了一定的可能性。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Before and after interacting with the robot, participants completed a questionnaire that showed them pictures of the robot in different situations and asked then to choose whether the robot’s motivation in each situation was mechanical or intentional.(在与机器人互动之前和之后，参与者完成了一份问卷，向他们展示了机器人在不同情况下的图片，然后要求他们选择机器人在每种情况下的动机是机械的还是有意的)”可知，参加者在实验中被要求完成一份调查问卷。故选B。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“This shows that mere exposure to a human-like robot is not enough to make people believe it is capable of thoughts and emotions.(这表明，仅仅与类人机器人接触不足以让人们相信它有思想和情感)”可知，现在的研究并不能让人们相信类人机器人真正拥有思想和情感，这种类似人类的行为可能是被视为有意行为的关键。由此可知，划线词deemed与上文中的believe意思相近。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的““This could inform the design of social robots of the future,” she said.(“这可以为未来的社交机器人设计提供信息，”她说)”可知，研究结果可能被应用于对未来社交机器人设计的指导上。故选C。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“When robots appear to engage with people and display human-like emotions, people may think of them as capable of “thinking”, or acting on their own beliefs and desires rather than their programs(当机器人表现出与人类互动，并表现出类似人类的情感时，人们可能会认为它们能够“思考”，或者根据自己的信念和欲望而不是程序行事)”和最后一段中的“According to Wykowska, these findings show that people might be more likely to believe artificial intelligence is capable of independent thought when it creates the impression that it can behave just like humans.(维科夫斯卡表示，这些发现表明，当人工智能给人留下它可以像人类一样行动的印象时，人们可能更容易相信它有独立思考的能力)”可知，本文主要讲述了有着类似人类行为的机器人可能具有独立思考的能力。由此可知，Human-like robots may be believed to have mental states(类人机器人可能被认为具有精神状态)适合作本文标题。故选D。
D
A method to transform a commonly thrown-away plastic to a resin (树脂) used in 3D printing could allow making better use of plastic waste, A team of Washington State University researchers developed a simple and efficient way to transform polyactic acid (PLA) (聚乳酸), a bio-based plastic used in products such as filament, plastic silverware and food packaging to high-quality resin.
“We found a way to immediately turn this into something that’s stronger and better, and we hope that will provide people with the inspiration to upcycle this stuff instead of just throw it away,” said Yu-Chung Chang, a postdoctoral researcher in the WSU School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and a co-corresponding author on the work. “We made stronger materials just straight out of trash. We believe this could be a great opportunity.”
Although it’s bio-based, PLA, which is categorized as a number 7 plastic, doesn’t bread down easily. It can float in fresh or salt water for a year without degrading (降解). It is also rarely recycled because like many plastics, when it’s melted down and re-formed, it doesn’t perform as well as the original version and becomes less valuable.
“It’s biodegradable and compostable, but once you look into it, it turns out that it can take up to 100 years for it to rot away in a landfill,” Chang said. “In reality, it still creates a lot of pollution. We want to make sure that when we do start producing PLA on the million-tons scale, we will know how to deal with it.”
While the researchers focused on PLA for the study, they hope to apply the work to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) (涤纶树脂), which is more common than PLA and has a similar chemical structure and present a bigger waste problem. They have filed a temporary patent and are working further optimize (优化) the process. The researchers ane also looking into other applications for the upcycling method.
32. What can the method help do according to paragraph 1?
A. Solve financial crisis.
B. Change waste into wealth.
C. Control plastic production
D. Determine 3D printing skills
33. What does Yu-Chung Chang think of the method?
A. Promising B. Unrealistic
C. Imaginable D. Common
34. Which of the following is a feature of number 7 plastics?
A. Invaluable to recycle B. Easy to deal with
C Hard to break down D. Difficult to sort out.
35. What is the text mainly about?
A. Applications for an upcycling method.
B. A better method to break down plastic
C. 3D printing with newly found materials
D. A new way to turn plastic into valuable products.
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了华盛顿州立大学的一组研究人员开发了一种简单而有效的方法，将塑料垃圾中的聚乳酸(PLA)转化为高质量的树脂从而转化为用于3D打印的树脂。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A method to transform a commonly thrown-away plastic to a resin (树脂) used in 3D printing could allow making better use of plastic waste(一种将常见的丢弃塑料转化为用于3D打印的树脂的方法可以更好地利用塑料垃圾)”可知，该方法可以将平时丢弃的塑料垃圾转化为3D打印的树脂，即化废物为财富。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“We made stronger materials just straight out of trash. We believe this could be a great opportunity.(我们直接用垃圾做了更坚固的材料。我们相信这将是一个很好的机会。)”可知，Yu-Chung Chang认为这种方法是有前途的。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Although it’s bio-based, PLA, which is categorized as a number 7 plastic, doesn’t bread down easily. It can float in fresh or salt water for a year without degrading (降解). It is also rarely recycled because like many plastics, when it’s melted down and re-formed, it doesn’t perform as well as the original version and becomes less valuable.(PLA虽然是生物基的，但被归类为7号塑料，不容易被腐蚀。它可以在淡水或盐水中漂浮一年而不降解。它也很少被回收，因为像许多塑料一样，当它被熔化和重新成型时，它的性能不如最初的版本，变得不那么有价值。)”可知，7号塑料很难被降解。故选C。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“A method to transform a commonly thrown-away plastic to a resin (树脂) used in 3D printing could allow making better use of plastic waste(一种将常见的丢弃塑料转化为用于3D打印的树脂的方法可以更好地利用塑料垃圾)”以及通读全文可知，文章讲述了华盛顿州立大学的一组研究人员开发了一种简单而有效的方法，将塑料垃圾中的聚乳酸(PLA)转化为高质量从而转化为用于3D打印的树脂，因此文章主要是关于“一种将塑料转化为有价值产品的新方法”，故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Basketball is a team sport, and a good pass is very important. The pass is the action of moving the ball to create scoring opportunities. The pass calls for self-sacrifice for the greater good of the team. ____36____ The following are some kinds of it.
The chest pass is a quick and accurate pass from the chest of the passer to the receiver. ____37____ You should extend your arms in a quick motion to pass the ball with palms facing outwards and thumbs facing the player you passed to. This is called follow-through.
____38____ It is relatively easy to steal, but an effective way of starting a fast break. Place your hands on both sides of the ball and bring the ball behind your head. Use your upper body strength to make the pass and follow-through.
In a bounce pass, the ball is bounced from the floor before reaching the receiver of the pass. The ball should bounce from that spot to arrive at your receiver above the knee and below the chest. ____39____
A baseball pass is best used for long distance passes. ____40____ It is especially useful during fast breaks. Place the ball high above the knee of your head with your passing hand behind it and the other under the ball. Throw the ball with an overhand arm thrust(猛推).
Practice these passes and you are sure to become an offensive threat on the court.
A. Power comes from the legs.
B. It sacrifices accuracy because of the distance.
C. Passing also helps boost the spirit of your team.
D. In other words, the ball should arrive at the receiver’s waist.
E. It is the most effective pass and fastest way to move the ball.
F. An overhead pass is a pass thrown with both hands over your head.
G. An effective pass is a combination of good timing, speed and accuracy.
【答案】36. G 37. E 38. F 39. D 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种篮球的传球动作。
【36题详解】
根据前句“The pass calls for self-sacrifice for the greater good of the team.(这种传球要求为了团队的更大利益而做出自我牺牲。)”及下文分别对传球动作做了分类介绍可知，本空是做总的介绍，好的传球应具备的特征，并且正好承接上一句。选择项G“An effective pass is a combination of good timing, speed and accuracy.(一个有效的传球是好的时机、速度和准确性的结合。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【37题详解】
根据前句“The chest pass is a quick and accurate pass from the chest of the passer to the receiver. (胸前传球是从传球者的胸前快速而准确地传给接球者。)”可知，胸前传球是最快最有效的的传球方式。选择项E“It is the most effective pass and fastest way to move the ball. (这是最有效的传球和最快的运球方式。)”符合上下文语境。故选E。
【38题详解】
根据后文“It is relatively easy to steal, but an effective way of starting a fast break. Place your hands on both sides of the ball and bring the ball behind your head. Use your upper body strength to make the pass and follow-through.(抢球相对容易，但却是开始快攻的有效方式。把你的手放在球的两侧，把球放在你的脑后。用你上半身的力量传球和追球。)”可知，本段是介绍过顶传球。选择项F“An overhead pass is a pass thrown with both hands over your head. (过顶传球是双手举过头顶的传球。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
【39题详解】
根据前句“The ball should bounce from that spot to arrive at your receiver above the knee and below the chest. (球应该从那个点反弹到膝盖以上和胸部以下的接球者)”可知，后句用另外一种方式说明球应该从地板反弹，到达接球者的位置。选择项D“In other words, the ball should arrive at the receiver’s waist. (换句话说，球应该到达接球手的腰部。)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
【40题详解】
根据前句“A baseball pass is best used for long distance passes.(正手传球最好用于长距离传球。)”和常识可知，长距离传球缺乏准确性。选择项B“It sacrifices accuracy because of the distance. (因为距离，它牺牲了准确性。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I believe I have a personal duty to make a positive impact on society. I’ve tried to ____41____ this goal by choosing a career in public service. As a physician dealing with the challenge of infectious diseases, I consider my job a ____42____, which allows me to help ease the suffering of humankind. I have three principles to ____43____ my life, which I always think about.
Firstly, I have a strong thirst for ____44____, I think I will never know as much as I ____45____. This is what keeps the ____46____ of knowledge hot. And it is why I would do my job every day even if I cannot get high income.
Secondly, I believe in fighting for ____47____, I sweat over all the stuff, without feeling ____48____ for it. One of the byproducts of being a perfectionist is anxiety. But this anxiety creates a ____49____ tension that drives me to fulfill my limited potential.
Thirdly, I believe that my goal to be a physician is to _____50_____ humankind. I have spent my _____51_____ on public service. Most of it involved research, the care of _____52_____ and the public health policy on AIDS.
I think, to control this terrible disease _____53_____, I must be guided by these principles: continually thirsting for knowledge, accepting nothing _____54_____ of excellence and knowing that the_____55_____of society is more important than my gains.
41. A. accomplish B. ignore C. change D. find
42. A. solution B. game C. program D. gift
43. A. form B. check C. guide D. prove
44. A. power B. knowledge C. adventure D. evidence
45. A. want B. promise C. admit D. refuse
46. A. necessity B. excuse C. recovery D. pursuit
47. A. agreement B. balance C. excellence D. fairness
48. A. embarrassed B. curious C. amused D. regretful
49. A. common B. healthy C. serious D. harmful
50. A. employ B. introduce C. unite D. serve
51. A. reputation B. career C. doubt D. luck
52. A. children B. elders C. patients D. students
53. A. randomly B. occasionally C. successfully D. immediately
54. A. full B. short C. worthy D. typical
55. A. good B. standard C. variety D. arrival
【答案】41. A 42. D 43. C 44. B 45. A 46. D 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. D 51. B 52. C 53. C 54. B 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文作者是美国流行病专家福奇，是一位传奇式人物：他淡泊名利、追求真知与卓越，一生致力于该病的防治。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我通过选择公共服务的职业努力达到这个目标。A. accomplish达成；B. ignore忽视；C. change改变；D. find发现。根据上文“I believe I have a personal duty to make a positive impact on society.(我相信我有责任对社会产生积极的影响。)”可推断，作者想要对社会做出积极的影响，因此选择公共卫生服务方面的职业来达成这个目标。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名应对传染病挑战的医生，我认为我的工作是一份礼物，它使我能够帮助减轻人类的痛苦。A. solution解决办法；B. game游戏；C. program程序；节目；D. gift恩赐；礼物。根据下文“which allows me to help ease the suffering of humankind(能让我帮助减轻人类的痛苦)”可知，作者的职业能够减轻人类的痛苦，因此作者认为工作是礼物。故选D。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有三个原则来指导我的生活，这是我总是考虑的。A. form形成；B. check检查；C. guide指导；D. prove证明。根据下文“I must be guided by these principles:”可知，作者一生坚持渴求真知、追求卓越及救死扶伤三大原则来指导自己的生活。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，我有强烈的求知欲，我想我永远不会知道我想要的那么多。A. power权力；B. knowledge知识；C. adventure冒险；D. evidence 证据。从后文的“This is what keeps the ____6____ of knowledge hot.”可知，作者总是有很强的求知欲。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. want想要；B. promise许诺；C. admit承认；D. refuse拒绝。根据上文“I have a strong thirst for ____4____, I think I will never know as much as”和下文“And it is why I would do my job every day even if I cannot get high income.”可知，作者有很强的求知欲，认为自己绝没有知道想要的那么多的知识，需要不断学习。故选A。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是保持对知识追求热情的原因。A. necessity必需品；B. excuse借口；C. recovery恢复；D. pursuit追求。结合上文和下文“And it is why I would do my job every day even if I cannot get high income.( 这就是为什么即使我不能得到高收入，我也要每天做我的工作。)”可知作者每天学习，追求知识。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：其次，我相信追求卓越。A. agreement协议；B. balance平衡；C. excellence卓越；D. fairness公平。根据后文“One of the byproducts of being a perfectionist is anxiety.”可知作者精益求精，追求卓越。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我为所有的事情流汗，但并不为此感到遗憾。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. curious好奇的；C. amused觉得好笑的；D. regretful遗憾的；后悔的。根据上文“I sweat over all the stuff”可知，作者为所有的事情流汗出力，但并不为此感到遗憾。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这种焦虑产生了一种健康的紧张，驱使我发挥自己有限的潜能。A. common通常的；B. healthy健康的；C. serious严肃的；D. harmful有害的。根据后文“drives me to fulfill my limited potential”可知这种紧张感是健康的，故选B。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第三，我认为我成为一名医生的目标是为人类服务。A. employ雇佣；B. introduce介绍；C. unite团结；D. serve服务。对应上文“help ease the suffering of humankind”可知，作者认为自己的职责是为人类服务，减轻痛苦。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的职业生涯都在为公众服务。A. reputation名誉；B. career事业；C. doubt怀疑；D. luck运气。根据上文“by choosing a career in public service”和后文“on public service”可知，作者的职业生涯是为公众服务。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中大部分涉及关于艾滋病的研究、病人的护理和公共卫生政策。A. children孩子；B. elders老人；C. patients病人；D. students学生。根据后文“and the public health policy on AIDS”可知这里指对艾滋病病人的护理，故选C。
【53题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我认为要成功地控制这种可怕的疾病，我必须以这些原则为指导：不断渴求知识，不接受任何不卓越的东西，并知道社会的利益比我的收获更重要。A. randomly随机地；B. occasionally偶然；C. successfully成功地；D. immediately立即。根据上文“control this terrible disease”和下文“I must be guided by these principles: continually thirsting for knowledge…”可知，此处说的是成功控制艾滋病这种疾病。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为要成功地控制这种可怕的疾病，我必须以这些原则为指导：不断渴求知识，不接受任何不卓越的东西，并知道社会的利益比我的收获更重要。A. full满的；B. short短暂的；C. worthy值得的；D. typical典型的。根据上文“One of the byproducts of being a perfectionist is anxiety.”可知，作者追求完美，不接受不卓越的东西，此处为短语nothing short of表示“简直就是；无异于……”。故选B。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为要成功地控制这种可怕的疾病，我必须以这些原则为指导：不断渴求知识，不接受任何不卓越的东西，并知道社会的利益比我的收获更重要。A. good利益；B. standard标准；C. variety多样性；D. arrival到达。根据第一段第一句“I believe I have a personal duty to make a positive impact on society.”和后文“more important than my gains”可知，作者认为自己有责任对社会做出影响，因此推断他认为社会的利益比个人利益更重要。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
All over the world there are people who have achieved great things. Yet many of these people have done so with one amazing difference: They have physical disabilities. Take Jim Abbott for example, Jim succeeded ____56____ becoming a pitcher (投球手) for the USA 1988 Summer Olympics Team.
Jim Abbott was born without his right hand. He was a ____57____ (talent) athlete and wanted to be a baseball pitcher, even though being able to use two hands ____58____ (be) extremely important in playing baseball. A pitcher needs to throw the ball with one hand and wear a baseball glove on the other—something ____59____ Jim couldn’t do.
From the time he was four years old, Jim worked at ____60____ (overcome) this challenge. He practiced ____61____(rapid) moving the glove to his good hand after he had pitched the ball to his father. He was always forcing ____62____ (he) to get that glove faster and faster.
Jim Abbott made up his mind ____63____ (play). He loved the game ____64____ much that he invented his won method to help him do it with excellence. He went on to be a Major League pitcher for the New York Yankees, and today is an ____65____ (inspire) to young athletes everywhere.
【答案】56. in 57. talented
58. is 59. that
60. overcoming
61. rapidly
62. himself
63. to play
64. so 65. inspiration
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是美国棒球运动员Jim Abbott的相关信息。
【56题详解】
考查介词。句意：以Jim Abbott为例，Jim成功地成为了1988年夏季奥运会美国队的投手。succeed in是固定短语，意为“成功做某事”，因此空格处是介词in，故填in。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他是一个有天赋的运动员，想成为一名棒球投手，尽管能够使用两只手在打棒球中是非常重要的。空格处用形容词talented作定语，修饰名词athlete，talented意为“有天赋的”，故填talented。
【58题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他是一个有天赋的运动员，想成为一名棒球投手，尽管能够使用两只手在打棒球中是非常重要的。even though引导的让步状语从句中主语是动名词短语being able to use two hands，其后谓语动词用单数，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，因此空格处是is，故填is。
【59题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：投手需要用一只手投球，另一只手戴上棒球手套——这是Jim做不到的。“Jim couldn’t do”是定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，先行词something是不定代词，关系代词只用that，故填that。
60题详解】
考查动名词。句意：从四岁起，Jim就努力克服这一挑战。at是介词，其后用动名词作宾语，故填overcoming。
【61题详解】
考查副词。句意：当他把球投给父亲后，他练习迅速地把手套移到他那只完好的手上。空格处用副词rapidly修饰动词practiced，故填rapidly。
【62题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：他总是强迫自己越拿越快。主语和宾语一致时，宾语要用反身代词，因此空格处是反身代词himself。故填himself。
【63题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：Jim Abbott决定参加比赛。make up one’s mind to do是固定短语，意为“下定决心做某事”，故填to play。
【64题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：他如此热爱这项运动，以至于他发明了自己的获胜方法来帮助自己取得优异成绩。根据语境可知，句子表示“他如此热爱这项运动，以至于他发明了自己的获胜方法来帮助自己取得优异成绩”，so...that...是固定搭配，意为“如此……以至于……”，因此空格处是so，修饰副词much。故填so。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：后来，他成为纽约扬基队的大联盟投手，如今，他激励着世界各地的年轻运动员。an后跟名词的单数形式，inspire的名词是inspiration，意为“鼓舞人心的人（或事物）”，故填inspiration。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，你目前在给你的英国朋友Jordan上中文诗词课。请你写封邮件告知下次上课的计划，内容包括：
1.上课时间和地点
2.上课内容
3.课前准备。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jordan,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jordan,
How is everything going? I’m writing to inform you about our arrangement of the next class. The related matters are as follows.
We’ll start at 10 a m. this Saturday in our school library lounge. The class is concerning the poetry of Tang Dynasty, so you are expected to go through the materials that I have already emailed you. Also, please remember to read about the history of Tang Dynasty, which would be of great benefit to understand the background of the poems.
I am looking forward to our next class.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你目前在给你的英国朋友Jordan上中文诗词课。请你写封邮件告知下次上课的计划。
【详解】1.词汇积累
告知：inform→notify
浏览：go through→read through
并且：also→besides
有益的：be of great benefit→be very beneficial
2.句式拓展
简单句表复合句
原句：I’m writing to inform you about our arrangement of the next class.
拓展句：I’m writing to inform you something about how we arrange the next class.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 The class is concerning the poetry of Tang Dynasty, so you are expected to go through the materials that I have already emailed you.（运用了so连接并列句，that引导定语从句）
【高分句型2】Also, please remember to read about the history of Tang Dynasty, which would be of great benefit to understand the background of the poems.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Marathons are not for the faint of heart, nor the faint of lungs. You might think you’re up for it, but then your lungs will remind you halfway through that this might be too much. I have a ton of respect for people who do compete in them. Make sure you stretch a lot before you do one! This story though, is about someone who could have finished the race sooner but chose not to.
There are people who are well in-shape to run a marathon, and marines (海军陆战队士兵) are definitely some of those people. Military training is some of the toughest out there. They’ll make you do push up (俯卧撑) after push up, course after course, and they’ll make you do it regularly. A marine is thus well-prepared to run something like a marathon race.
Myles Kerr was a 19-year-old marine who joined in a 5-kilometre marathon. As the name implies, a 5-kilometre marathon is 5 kilometers of running you have to do. And 5 kilometers is a lot to run on foot. It is definitely not a distance you should attempt without a lot of preparation and training. Myles, thanks to his training, was even able to wear boots while he ran.
While Myles and the other marines with him could handle this just fine, one other runner couldn’t. It was 9-year-old Brandon Fuchs. The boy joined in the race as part of a group. However, he got separated from the group as the race progressed. He was now quite far behind and struggling to finish the race.
Brandon is just 9 years old, but he is fond of sports. He always sits in front of TV watching matches of all kinds of sports, especially matches concerning running. He ever participated in some kinds of running races, which made him even more interested in sports. When he knew a short-distanced marathon was to be held in his city, he signed up for it without hesitation.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
It just happened that the boy caught sight of Myles.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Seeing Myles run together with Brandon, people felt confused.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文:
It just happened that the boy caught sight of Myles. Brandon then spoke the words “Sir? Will you please run with me?”, so Myles slowed down and ran alongside him. The other marines with him had already ran far ahead and had no idea what Myles was doing. They even feared that he might have bitten off more than he could chew with the race, and that he might have come down with fatigue or an injury.
Seeing Myles run together with Brandon, people felt confused. But they wouldn’t know it until the pair made it to the finish line. They both finished the race, but Myles did give up the lead he worked hard to get. That didn’t matter to him though. This boy needed him, and that mattered a whole lot more. Myles’s action meant a lot to the 9- year-old Brandon. But the marine didn’t think it was a big deal. Myles said that he was just doing what any man would do.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Myles作为一名海军陆战队员，得益于平时的训练，原本可以轻松顺利完成五公里的马拉松。但在本次参赛选手中有一位9岁名叫Brandon的小男孩，Brandon平时对体育很感兴趣，知道自己的城市将举行一场短途马拉松比赛时，他毫不犹豫地报名参加了比赛。随着比赛的进行，Brandon越来越落后，他在途中遇到了Myles，请求Myles和他一起跑，Myles答应和男孩一起跑，最终两人都到达了终点。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“那男孩碰巧看见了Myles。”可知，第一段可描写男孩Brandon请求Myles和他一起跑并且Myles同意和男孩一起跑。
②由第二段首句内容“看到Myles和Brandon一起跑，人们感到很困惑。”可知，本段可描写Myles同意和Brandon跑步的原因以及这次经历对Brandon 的影响。
2.续写线索：男孩碰巧看见Myles——请求Myles和自己一起跑——Myles放慢脚步和男孩一起跑——其他队友遥遥领先——人们对此困惑——两人顺利完成比赛——Myles解释原因
3.词汇激活
行为类
①看到：catch sight of/catch a glimpse of
②放弃：give up/abandon
③完成：finish/accomplish/complete
情绪类
①困惑的：confused/perplexed
②担心：fear/dread
【点睛】[高分句型1]. They even feared that he might have bitten off more than he could chew with the race, and that he might have come down with fatigue or an injury. （运用了that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. But they wouldn’t know it until the pair made it to the finish line.（运用了until引导的时间状语从句）