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2023届高考英语二轮复习单项选择分类训练:名词作业含答案
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这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习单项选择分类训练:名词作业含答案,共25页。
单项选择:名词
1.The ________ murder is still under ________.
A.attempt, investigating B.attempted, investigating
C.attempted, investigation D.attempting, investigation
2.More and more travelers are looking for bed and breakfast ______ in private rooms.
A.accommodation B.occupation C.equipment D.furniture
3.Anyway, whether they like it or not, they do give people a very good _________.
A.impression B.impress C.impressive D.impressed
4.Jay Leno, the host of the “Tonight” show, once said that every new challenge put all the resources of the host to the test, and most solutions belonged to the ________.
A.accident B.custom C.event D.occasion
5.The post card is sent by ________.
A.a friend of my father B.a friend of my father's C.my father friend D.my father friend's
6.In the picture there are many________ and two________.
A.sheep; foxes B.sheeps; fox C.sheeps; foxes D.sheep;foxs
7.There come two buses. The former is very crowded, but there is much room in ________.
A.late B.later C.latter D.the latter
8.We encourage all students to work at their own ______.
A.outcome B.equation C.pace D.brand
9.Working on this paper is my first step towards becoming a journalist, so this has been ________ for me.
A.a success B.succeed C.success D.is successful
10.Much to my ______, the city has developed rapidly over the years.
A.amaze B.amazed C.amazement D.amazing
11.No_________, no injuries.
A.dead B.death C.deaths D.dying
12.It was _________to be invited here today.
A.great honour B.honouring C.a great honour D.honoured
13.As senior three students, we had better follow the ________as much as possible from our teachers and parents; although they are a bit nagging(唠叨), indeed we are expected to make _________ in all aspects.
A.advice; progress B.advices; progress C.advices; progresses D.advice; progresses
14.As a player, Lang Ping brought ________ and glory to her country.
A.injure B.improve C.honest D.honour
15.Tom’s parents’ behavior, as well as their words ________ a key effect on him during the past twenty years.
A.have B.have had C.has had D.has
16.Now I know that the proper way is always her way.
A.object B.object complement C.predicative D.attribute
17.— I have decided to take the entrance examinations to college.
—Wish you ________.
A.a luck B.a good luck C.luck D.a success
18.Norman Bethune is one of ________ in China, but he wasn’t Chinese — he was Canadian.
A.most famous heroes B.the most famous heros
C.most famous heros D.the most famous heroes
19.What you do every day will eventually affect whether you can achieve your goal. In other words, your behavior will have a vital _______ on your success.
A.effort B.effect C.affection D.affect
20.There are ________ people in the cinema.
A.two hundred B.two hundreds C.two hundred of
21.We made him our monitor. 划线成分是________
A.宾语 B.定语 C.状语 D.宾补
22.My brother is a policeman.划线成分是________
A.主语 B.谓语 C.宾语 D.表语
23.According to the result of a recent study published by Cambridge University, ________, such as stubbornness and shyness, have a major impact on learning.
A.features B.personalities C.memories D.appearances
24.There is a world of ________ between liking someone and loving them.
A.difference B.amusement C.expression D.description
25.Finally, the man became ill under the great ________ of work.
A.frightened B.lovely C.pressure D.unfamiliar
26.We have moved into a threeroom flat so far. Our room is between________.
A.Mary’s and Helen’s B.Mary and Helen’s
C.Mary and Helen D.Mary’s and Helen
27.The event didn’t live up to________.
A.expected B.unexpected C.expectations D.expecting
28.Soldiers who are fighting together often have a strong feeling of ________.
A.brotherhood B.brother C.brothers D.brotherly
29.The disk where you are trying to save the file has a ________on length of the file names.
A.context B.qualities C.limitation D.ranges
30.People who do not smoke have less ________ of suffering from lung cancer than those who do so.
A.potential B.cause C.hope D.choice
31.I like reading poems, because poems can ________ certain ________.
A.convey; emotion B.convey; emotions C.express; emotions D.explain; emotions
32.My teacher has given me lots of ________. They’re very useful.
A.information B.news C.suggestions D.advice
33.Mr. Tony always has ________ to tell his students at the beginning of his lectures.
A.a good news B.some good piece of news
C.some good pieces of news D.some piece of good news
34.The government declared financial assistance would________by those in the________training courses.
A.obtain;employee B.be obtained; employment
C.be obtained; employee D.obtain;employment
35.(1)Having adopted a new method, they worked________.
(2) The teacher praised him for his working________in organizing the conference.
A.efficient;efficiency B.efficiently;efficiency; C.efficiently;efficient D.efficient;efficient
36.Though there is a long________between Tom and his family, they don’t feel________.
A.distance; distance B.distant; distant C.distance; distant D.distant; distance
37.Mr. Wang was a man of ________ before he turned ________.
A.success, a writer B.a success, writer
C.success, writer D.a success, a money
38._______ fine weather it is!
A.What a B.How a C.What D.How
39.The winner will receive ________ of books.
A.a ten pound worth B.ten pound worthy C.ten pounds' worth D.ten pounds' worthy
40.In a small wooded valley ________ two towns, both set in beautiful ________.
A.lies; surrounding B.lie; surroundings
C.lay; surrounding D.did lie; surroundings
41.Is money the ________of a happy life?
A.basises B.basic C.basis D.based
42.________ progress he has made since he came to this language school!
A.What much B.How much C.What a great D.How great
43.Now, reduced energy supplies have led to more________ in the technology of new energy vehicles.
A.advances B.traditions C.behaviors D.examples
44.Here came three________.
A.woman teacher B.women teacher
C.woman teachers D.women teachers
45.The environmentalists said wild goats’ ______ on the vast grasslands was a good indication of the better environment.
A.accommodation B.absence C.attendance D.appearance
46.As a doctor James has to keep________ of the latest developments in medicine.
A.trick B.track C.truck D.treat
47.An increase in cars has resulted in the ______ of public transport.
A.boom B.decline C.deadline D.absence
48.Eating a balanced diet is ________ to our bodies.
A.of great beneficial B.very benefit C.of very beneficial D.of great benefit
49.I would like to thank all of you who made the effort. It is a relief that employees show their_________to their job.
A.devotion B.application C.connection D.invitation
50.His suggestion is of ________ to our health plan, as it is rather practical for the physical fitness
A.benefit B.beneficial C.benefiting D.benefit from
51.There is no waste, no _____and no environmental damage.
A.pollute B.polluting C.polluted D.pollution
52.The scientist and volunteers are working together to save a species of birds from _____ by replicating its natural habit.
A.contact B.infection C.alternative D.extinction
53.There is no _____ that the earlier we are prepared, the better chances we will have.
A.denying B.to deny C.being denied D.to be denied
54.For many affected families, cuts to school bus service will mean a big in their morning and afternoon schedules.
A.settlement B.recommendation C.adjustment D.indication
55.With no water ______, the climbers seemed to have no chance of ______.
A.leaving; survive B.left; survive C.left; survival D.leaving; survival
56.No matter how old you are, you won’t say no to ping pong, which delivers many more ________than any other sport.
A.factors B.benefits C.requests D.barriers
57.Jenny was very sad over the __________ of the photos she had shot in Canada with her parents.
A.lost B.loss C.loose D.losing
58.He wants to make a good first _________.
A.impression B.impressions C.impress D.impressing
59.What sort of paint are you using? (选出符合此句语境的最佳汉意)
A.分类 B.有点 C.种类 D.整理
60.He was a court official of the Qing Dynasty. (选出符合此句语境的最佳汉意)
A.办公室 B.官员 C.公务的 D.正式的
61.The origin of the word is not clear now. (选出符合此句语境的最佳汉意)
A.来源 B.首创 C.出身 D.最初的
62.The tourists lost all their belongings in the hotel fire. (选出符合此句语境的最佳汉意)
A.属于 B.适应 C.财物,所有物 D.获胜
63.They are now under a great deal of pressure to tighten their airport ____________.
A.salary B.security C.sculpture D.secretary
64.The company has branches all over the country. (选出符合此句语境的最佳汉意)
A.树枝 B.支流 C.分支机构 D.政府部门
65.He considers himself an expert on the subject. (选出符合此句语境的最佳汉意)
A.内行的 B.熟练的 C.擅长 D.专家
66.I will give you a reply as soon as possible. Just have a little ______.
A.courage B.patience C.energy D.talent
67.I believe the beauty of Xikou will make an excellent _________ on the tourists
A.guide B.adjustment C.impression D.attraction
68.The local clubs are making every ______ to interest more young people.
A.effect B.effort C.contribution D.exchange
69.The COVID-19 pandemic has put the world economy into a difficult_______.
A.occasion B.case C.situation D.background
70.Once you master the useful skills, everything in your life will change for .
A.better B.the better C.worse D.the less
71.We'll eat some of the meat for lunch and keep _______ for supper.
A.the ones B.the rest C.the others D.the few
72.Nothing is realized easily, and there is no such _______ as dreams.
A.thing B.a thing C.things D.the thing
73.Hannah, devoting herself to charity, is one of many examples of young people who are making a_________to the world.
A.choice B.profit C.judgement D.difference
74.A chorus of complaints from the neighbors forced the drummer to hit the road.
A.在路上演奏 B.突然想起的出路 C.街头遇袭 D.上路
75.John is a man of ____ and he had a lot of interesting ____ in his life.
A.experience; experience B.experiences; experience
C.experience; experiences D.experiences; experiences
76.He is _______ as a leader but he doesn't have _______ in teaching.
A.a success, many experience B.a success, much experience
C.success, an experience D.success, a lot of experience
77.He is an untiring ________ of educational reform. He advocates ________ the teachers for their excellent jobs.
A.advocator; rewarding B.advocate; rewarding
C.advocator, to reward D.advocate; to reward
78.His conduct at the party is far from __________.
A.satisfactory B.satisfied C.satisfaction D.satisfy
79.My mom’s ________ determined me to go on with my study.
A.encourages B.encouraged C.encouragement D.encourage
80.—Are all the students from in your class?
—No, there are only three in our class. The others are from other countries.
A.Germany; Germen B.Germany; Germans C.German; Germans D.German; Germany
参考答案:
1.C
【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意:这起谋杀未遂事件仍在调查中。空格处用形容词作定语,修饰名词murder,attempt的形容词是attempted,意为“未遂的”,under后跟名词作宾语,investigate的名词是investigation,under investigation意为“在调查中”,因此第一空是attempted,第二空是investigation,故选C。
2.A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:越来越多的旅行者于私家住房中寻求带有早餐的住宿。A. accommodation住宿 ;B. occupation工作; C. equipment设备;D. furniture家具。根据句意,此处指“住宿”,应该用名词accommodation在介词for后作宾语。故选A项。
3.A
【详解】考查名词。句意:不管怎样,不管他们喜欢与否,他们确实给人们一个很好的印象。A.impression印象;B.impress留下深刻印象;C.impressive令人印象深刻的;D.impressed印象深刻的。“a very good”后跟名词的单数形式,因此空格处是“impression”,故选A。
4.A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:Jay Leno曾经说过,每一次挑战都在测试主持人的资源,大多数的解决方法都属于偶然。A. accident偶然;B. custom风俗;C.event项目,大事件;D. occasion场合。根据句意分析可知,此处表示“解决方式属于偶然”,表达为accident。故选A。
5.B
【详解】考查名词所有格辨析。句意:这张明信片是我父亲的一个朋友寄来的。根据句意分析,此处表达“我的父亲的一个朋友”,应用双重所有格结构,a friend of my father's我父亲的一个朋友,符合题意。故选B项。
6.A
【详解】考查名词单复数辨析。句意:图中有许多羊和两只狐狸。根据题意,由many许多,可知sheep用复数形式,sheep羊,单复数同形;空格二由two可知,fox用复数形式,fox狐狸,复数形式为foxes。故选A项。
7.D
【详解】考查名词。句意:来了两辆公共汽车。前面一辆非常拥挤,但后面一辆有很大的空间。A. late迟(的),作形容词或副词;B. later后来(的),作形容词或副词;C. latter后者(的),作形容词或名词;D. the latter后者。根据“There come two buses. The former is very crowded”可知,这里特指两辆公共汽车的后面一辆。故选D。
8.C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们鼓励所有学生按照自己的节奏学习。A. outcome结果;B. equation等式;C. pace节奏;D. brand品牌。根据句意,此处表达“节奏”,作介词at的宾语,用名词形式。故选C项。
9.A
【详解】考查名词。句意:写这篇论文是我成为记者的第一步,所以这对我来说是成功的。A:a success一件成功的事;B:succeed成功;C:success成功;D:is successful是成功的;结合句意,this指代上句“Working on this paper is my first step towards becoming a journalist, ”(写这篇论文是我成为记者的第一步)是指的具体一件成功的事,为抽象名词具体化。故选A。
10.C
【详解】考查名词。句意:令我惊讶的是,这些年来这个城市发展的十分迅速。分析句子可知,此处为固定短语to one’s amazement,意为“令某人吃惊的是”,形容词性物主代词后接名词作宾语。故选C。
【点睛】
11.C
【详解】考查名词。句意:没有人员伤亡。A. dead死的;B. death死亡;C. deaths死亡(复数);D. dying临死的。分析句子可知,“no”为形容词,意为“(一个也)没有”,后接名词,“death”意为“死亡”,为可数名词,根据句中“injuries”可知,空格处应用“death”的复数形式“deaths”。故选C项。
12.C
【详解】考查名词的数。句意:今天被邀请到这里来是极大的荣幸。分析句子结构可知,这是固定句型It is/was +名词/形容词+动词不定式,it是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式to be invited here,抽象名词honour意为“荣幸”,表示具体的事物时候,是可数名词,前面可以用a/an修饰,根据great首字母是辅音音素,因此,应该用a修饰,即 a great honour。故选C项。
13.A
【详解】考查名词。句意:作为高三的学生,我们尽可能多地听取老师和家长的建议;虽然他们有点唠叨,但我们确实有望在各方面取得进步。advice(建议)和progress(进步)都是不可数名词,故选A。
14.D
【详解】考查动词、名词、形容词词性和词义辨析。句意:作为一名运动员,郎平为她的国家带来了荣誉和荣耀。A. injure伤害,动词;B. improve提高,动词;C. honest诚实的,形容词;D. honour荣誉,名词或动词。分析句子可知,空处与glory一起作brought的宾语,用名词;根据句意可知,郎平为国家带来了荣誉和荣耀。故选D项。
15.C
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的20年里,汤姆父母的行为和话语都对他有关键的影响。根据时间状语“during the past twenty years”可知,句子谓语用现在完成时。当“as well as”并列主语时,谓语动词遵循就远原则,即和“behavior”保持一致,所以要用第三人称单数形式。故选C。
16.C
【详解】考查句子结构。句意:现在我知道,正确的方式永远是她的方式。分析句子可知,关系词that引导的是宾语从句,作谓语动词 know的宾语,从句中the proper way为主语,is是系动词,her way作系动词is的表语,所以划线处为从句的表语。故选C项。
17.C
【详解】考查名词的数。句意:——我已经决定参加大学入学考试了。——祝你好运。success表示“成功”时,为抽象概念和luck (运气)均为不可数名词,前面不能用不定冠词,故排除A、B和D选项。wish you luck“祝你好运”。故选C。
18.D
【详解】考查形容词最高级和名词的数。句意:诺尔曼·白求恩是中国最著名的英雄之一,但他不是中国人——他是加拿大人。此处为one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数结构,表示“最……之一”;famous最高级在前面加the most。故选D。
19.B
【详解】考查名词用法和词义辨析。句意:你每天做的事情最终会影响你是否能实现你的目标。 换句话说,你的行为将对你的成功有至关重要的影响。A. effort努力;B. effect影响;C. affection喜爱;D. affect影响。根据句意可知,行为对于成功有影响,空处缺少名词作宾语,affect为动词。故选B项。
20.A
【详解】考查数词。句意:电影院里有两百个人。用hundred(百)表确切数字修饰名词时,hundred不可变为复数形式,且不需介词就可直接修饰名词。故选A。
21.D
【详解】考查句子成分。句意:我们选他当班长。句子中,动词made为谓语,him为宾语,our monitor意为“我们的班长”,对宾语作补充说明,为宾语补足语。故选D。
22.D
【详解】考查句子成分。句意:我的哥哥是一名警察。句子中,“my brother”为主语,is为系动词,“a policeman”在系动词后作表语。故选D。
23.B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:根据剑桥大学最近发表的一项研究结果,性格,例如固执和害羞对学习有重大影响。A. feature特征;B. personality性格,气质;C. memory回忆;D. appearance外表。空后such as stubbornness and shyness表示“例如固执和害羞”,都是在对人的性格进行举例,故空处需填名词personalities表示“性格”。故选B项。
24.A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:这是一个喜欢一个人和爱一个人完全不同的世界。A. difference不同;B. amusement高兴;C. expression表达;D. description描写。根据句子意思可知,“like”和“love”是近义词,但是程度不一样,所以体现出它们的不同。故选A项。
25.C
【详解】考查名词和形容词辨析。句意:最后,这个人在巨大的工作压力下病倒了。A. frightened害怕的;B. lovely可爱的;C. pressure压力;D. unfamiliar不熟悉的。结合句意和空格前定冠词the,以及作定语的形容词great可知,应填入名词pressure(压力)作宾语,且under...pressure是常用词组,表示“承受……压力”。故选C项。
26.A
【详解】考查名词所有格。句意:目前,我们已经搬进了一个三居的公寓。我们的房间就在Mary和Helen的中间。根据前句 a threeroom flat(三居的公寓),可知有三间卧室,我们和Mary以及Helen每人一间卧室,所以我们的房子才能在她们俩人的之间(between)。A项表示Mary和Helen分别有一间卧室。故选A项。
27.C
【详解】考查名词的数。句意:这次活动辜负了人们的期望。live up to expectations达到预期,不负所望,用复数名词expectations,故选C。
28.A
【详解】考查名词。句意:一起作战的士兵通常有强烈的兄弟情谊。A. brotherhood兄弟情谊;B. brother兄弟;C. brothers兄弟(复数);D. brotherly兄弟的。根据上文“Soldiers who are fighting together”(一起作战的士兵)可知,一起作战的士兵会有强烈的兄弟情谊,所以此处指“兄弟情谊”,应用名词brotherhood,故选A。
29.C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:你试图保存文件的磁盘对文件名的长度有限制。根据空格前的冠词a,可知空格处要填可数名词单数。根据句意,可知此处意指在文件名长度上有限制。故选C项。
30.A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:不吸烟的人比吸烟的人患肺癌的可能性小。A. potential可能性;潜在性;B. cause原因;C. hope希望;D. choice选择。结合语境可知,句中将“不吸烟的人”与“吸烟的人”在患肺癌方面的可能性(大小)方面进行了比较。“have potential of doing sth”,固定短语,意为“有做某事的可能性”,符合语境搭配。故选A项。
31.B
【详解】考查动词和名词。句意:我喜欢读诗,因为诗歌能够表达特定的情感。A/B/C/D四个选项中的convey和emotion意为“传递;传达”和“情感;情绪”。第一个空格处由前面的情态动词应填写动词原形,第二个空格根据句意可知,不同诗歌传达的应是不同的情感,故应填写复数形式的名词。故选B项。
32.C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我的老师给了我很多建议。他们是非常有用的。A. information信息,不可数名词;B. news新闻,不可数名词;C. suggestions建议,可数名词复数;D. advice建议,不可数名词。根据后文They’re可知,此处lots of后需接可数名词复数suggestions。故选C。
33.C
【详解】考查量词短语。句意:在课程开始时,托尼先生总是有一些好消息告诉学生们。结合句意和选项可知,news意为“新闻,消息”是不可数名词,想要表达数量,可用量词短语,即选项中的piece of,意为“条,个”,而量词短语中piece是可数的,其前有some修饰要用复数形式。故选C项。
34.B
【详解】考查被动语态和名词。句意:政府宣称资助将由参加就业培训课程的人士获得。由by可知,第一空处用被动语态,would是情态动词,其后跟be done,因此第一空是be obtained;根据句意可知,______training courses意为“就业培训课程”,空格处用名词employment作定语,修饰training courses,故选B。
35.B
【详解】考查形容词,副词,名词。句意:采用了新方法后,他们工作得很有效率。老师表扬了他组织会议的工作效率。A. efficient 高效的(形容词);efficiency 效率(名词);B. efficiently高效地(副词);efficiency效率(名词);C. efficiently高效地(副词);efficient效率(名词);D.efficient高效的(形容词),efficient高效的(形容词)。第一空需要副词修饰动词worked;第二空需填一个名词作介词for的宾语。故选B项。
36.C
【详解】考查名词和动词。句意:虽然汤姆和他的家人之间距离很远,但他们并不感到疏远。long是形容词,修饰名词,因此第一空是名词distance,前面有a,因此空格处用单数,feel是感官动词,其后跟形容词作表语,因此第二空是distant。故选C。
37.C
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意:王先生在成为作家之前是个成功人士。success成功,不可数名词。若作可数名词,抽象名词具体化,表示“一个成功的人或事情”。此处前面已经有a,故of 后面不用冠词a。a man of success一个成功的人。turn为系动词,后面接名词作表语,turn writer成为作家,不用冠词,表示概念。故选C项。
38.C
【详解】考查感叹句和连词。句意:今天多么好的天气呀!感叹句句式:How+adj+主语+谓语!What+adj+n+主语+谓语!how是副词,修饰形容词或者副词作状语,what修饰名词,分析句子可知,修饰名词weather用what,且weather是不可数名词,不能加不定冠词,故选C。
39.C
【详解】考查名词所有格。句意:获胜者将得到价值10英镑的书籍。worth价值,为名词,通常 worth 后面跟着 of,而且句子里一般含有具体金钱数额。ten pounds'后接名词,而worthy是形容词,故选C。
40.B
【详解】考查倒装句,时态和名词。句意:在一个树木繁茂的小山谷里有两个城镇,都坐落在美丽的环境中。分析句子可知,表示方位的介副词短语置于句首,句子使用全部倒装,根据句意用一般现在时,lie“位于”,lay是lie的过去式,故排除C、D项,主语是two towns,是复数,故谓语动词用复数,surrounding“周围的”,是形容词,surroundings“环境”是名词,形容词beautiful修饰名词surroundings作介词宾语,故选B。
41.C
【详解】考查名词。句意:金钱是幸福生活的基础吗? A. basises名词,basis的复数形式,意为“基础”;B. basic形容词,意为“基本的;基础的”;C. basis名词,意为“基础”;D. based形容词,意为“在……居住(或工作);基地(或总部)在……;为基础的”。the basis of……的基础,用名词的单数形式。故选C。
42.A
【详解】考查感叹句。句意:自从他来到这所语言学校以来,他取得了多大的进步啊!分析句子结构可知,此处为感叹句,句型为:what+a/an+adj.+n.+S+V!,排除B项和D项;此处修饰的名词progress是不可数名词,不用冠词a限定,排除C项。故选A。
43.A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:现在,能源供应的减少导致了新能源汽车技术的更多进步。A. advances进步;B. traditions传统;C. behaviors行为;D. examples例子。由语意可知,能源供应的减少导致了新能源汽车技术的更多进步。故选A项。
44.D
【详解】考查名词作定语和名词的数。句意:来了三位女老师。根据语法规则,如果用woman做定语修饰名词,在变复数形式时,必须两个名词一起都变成复数,所以此处三个女老师,表示为“three women teachers”,在here位于句首的全倒装结构中,做主语,故选D。
45.D
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意:环保人士表示,野山羊出现在广阔的草原上,是环境改善的良好迹象。A.accommodation住处,膳宿;B.absence缺席;C.attendance出席;D.appearance出现。根据“a good indication of the better environment”可知,此处是指野山羊出现在广阔的草原上。故选D。
46.B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:作为一名医生,詹姆斯必须了解医学的最新发展情况。A. trick把戏、诀窍;B. track轨道、足迹;C. truck卡车;D. treat款待。观察句子可知,keep track of为固定搭配,意思为:记录、与……保持联系,此句中用于表示及时了解医学的最新发展情况。故选B项。
47.B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:汽车的增加导致了公共交通的减少。A. boom激增;B. decline减少;C. deadline最后期限;D. absence缺席。根据前文“An increase in cars”句意并结合常识可知,汽车的增加导致了公共交通的减少,故应使用名词decline,作介词in的宾语。故选B项。
48.D
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:均衡饮食对我们的身体非常有益。be of great benefit相当于be very beneficial,表示“非常有益的”。故选D项。
49.A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我要感谢所有付出努力的人。员工们如此热爱自己的工作让人感到欣慰。A. devotion奉献,专心;B. application申请;C. connection联系;D. invitation邀请。短语devotion to 意为“献身于,热爱”,符合句意,故选A。
50.A
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意:他的建议对我们的健康计划是有益的,因为它对身体健康是相当实用的。此处考查“be of+抽象名词=名词对应的形容词”这一知识点,故空格处填名词,此处be of+benefit(益处)=beneficial(有益的)。故选A。
51.D
【详解】考查名词。句意:没有浪费,没有污染,没有环境破坏。A. pollute污染;B. polluting污染;C. polluted污染;D. pollution污染。空处作主语,表示“污染”应用pollution。故选D项。
52.D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:科学家和志愿者们正在共同努力,通过复制一种鸟类的自然习性来拯救它,使其免于灭绝。A. contact联系;B. infection感染;C. alternative供替代的选择;D. extinction灭绝。根据句意以及前文“to save a species of birds”可知,此处from extinction指“免于灭绝”。故选D项。
53.A
【详解】考查名词。句意:不可否认,我们准备得越早,机会就会越好。固定句式There is no denying that...“不可否认的是……”,denying是名词,that引导的是同位语从句。故选A项。
54.C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:对于许多受影响的家庭来说,削减校车服务意味着他们上午和下午的时间表将有很大的调整。A. settlement解决,处理;B. recommendation建议;C. adjustment调整;D. indication指示。根据后文“in their morning and afternoon schedules.”以及句意可知,此处应指时间表的“调整”。故选C项。
55.C
【详解】考查过去分词和名词。由于没有水,登山者似乎没有生存的可能性了。分析句子可知,前半部分为“with+宾语+宾补”作状语,water和leave之间为被动关系,因此第一空应用过去分词作宾补,第二个空为介词of的宾语,应用名词形式(survival),故选C。
56.B
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意:不管你多大,你都不会对乒乓球说不,乒乓球比其他运动带来的益处要多得多。A. factors因素;B. benefits益处;C. requests要求;D. barriers障碍。由语意可知,不管你多大,你都不会对乒乓球说不,说明乒乓球应是可以给人带来好处,比其他运动带来的益处要多得多。故选B项。
57.B
【详解】考查名词。句意:珍妮因为丢失了她和父母在加拿大拍的照片而非常伤心。the+名词+of表示“...的”,lost是形容词,表示“丢失的”,loss是名词,loose是形容词,表示“松的”,losing是动名词,表示“丢失”,所以此处只有B项符合语法,故选B项。
58.A
【详解】考查名词。句意:他想给人留下良好的第一印象。空处作宾语,表示“印象”应用impression,短语make a good first impression表示“留下良好的第一印象”。故选A。
59.C
【详解】考查名词。句意:你用的是什么种类的颜料?根据句意,sort翻译成“ 种类”。 故选C项。
60.B
【详解】考查名词。句意:他是清朝的一个朝廷官员。根据“ a court”可知,official翻译成“ 官员”。故选B项。
61.A
【详解】考查名词。句意:这个词的来源现在还不清楚。此处origin作主语,为名词词性,结合后文“of the word is not clear now”可知是指词的来源,origin表示“来源”。故选A。
62.C
【详解】考查名词。句意:旅馆失火使游客们失去了所有的财物。根据句意以及“in the hotel fire ”可知,belongings的意思为“ 财物,所有物”。故选C项。
63.B
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意:他们现在面临着加强机场安全的巨大压力。A.salary薪水; B.security 安全;C.sculpture雕塑; D.secretary秘书。由句意可知,机场处于很大的加强安全的压力。故选B。
64.C
【详解】考查名词。句意:这家公司在全国各地都有分公司。根据所给出的句子主语为“The company”意为“公司”,结合地点状语“all over the country(遍及全国)”可推测,划线单词“branches”应是表达“分公司;分支”含义,句中作动词“has”的宾语。故选C项。
65.D
【详解】考查名词。句意:他认为自己是这方面的专家。根据划线单词“expert”之前的不定冠词“an”判断该词应是名词,在结构“considers himself an expert”作宾语补足语。结合语境可知,应是D项“专家”。故选D项。
66.B
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意:我会尽快给予你答复。稍有点耐心。A.courage 勇气; B.patience 耐心;C.enegy 精力;D.talent 天赋。根据上句句意,“我会尽快给予答复”,推出下句是“让对方耐心等着”。名词做宾语。故选B。
【点睛】
67.C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我相信溪口的美丽会给游客留下极好的印象。A. guide向导; B. adjustment适应;C. impression印象; D. attraction吸引。根据句意,此处是短语make a/ an… impression on …“给某人留下……的印象”。故选C。
68.B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当地的俱乐部正在尽一切努力使更多的年轻人感兴趣。A. effect效果;B. effort努力;C. contribution贡献;D. exchange交换。由语义可知,要想使更多的年轻人感兴趣,俱乐部需要尽一切努力。故选B项。
69.C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:新冠肺炎疫情使世界经济陷入困境。A. occasion机会,场合; B. case情况,实例 ;C. situation 形势,处境;D. background背景。由“The COVID-19 pandemic”可知,新冠疫情使得世界经济进入了困难的处境,故选C项。
70.B
【详解】考查名词。句意:一旦你掌握了有用的技能,生活中的一切就会往好的方向发展。结合句意可知,此处表示“变得更好”;change for the better“往好的方向发展”,better为形容词,不能做介词for的宾语,the better表示“类别”的名词,意为更好的人或事物。作for的宾语。故选B项。
71.B
【详解】考查名词。句意:我们午餐吃些肉,剩下的留作晚饭。结合句子后面 for lunch(作为午餐)和 for supper(作为晚餐)来看,应当是把早餐吃剩下的肉当做晚餐,而rest 就有“剩下”的意思,用定冠词the表特指,因为meat不可数,故此处用the rest 代指剩下的肉。故选B项。
72.A
【详解】考查名词。句意:没有什么是容易实现的,也没有梦想这回事。根据is 可知用名词单数,此处no=not a,there is no such thing as意为:没有这样的事情,用于强调as后面的事情。故选A。
73.D
【详解】考查名词的词义辨析。句意:致力于慈善事业的汉娜,是众多正在改变着这个世界的年轻人的榜样之一。A. choice 选择;B. profit利润;C. judgement判断;D. difference不同。结合句意,句子中 “making a_____to the world.”意为“改变这个世界”,该空处意为“变化”,名词difference意为 “变化”,作及物动词make的宾语,短语make a difference to 意为“改变……”。故选D项。
74.D
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:邻居们齐声抱怨,迫使这个鼓手上路了。hit the road “上路”是固定搭配,故选D。
75.C
【详解】考查名词。句意:约翰是个经验丰富的人,一生中有很多有趣的经历。第一空中experience表示“经验”,是不可数名词,没有复数形式,故排除B、D选项;第二空experience表示“经历”是可数名词,且由a lot of修饰应用复数形式experiences。故选C。
76.B
【详解】考查可数名词和不可数名词。句意:他是一个成功的领导者,但他在教学方面没有多少经验。第1空:success是不可数名词,但是表示“一个成功的人”是可数名词,是抽象名词具体化;第二空:experience表示“经验”时是不可数名词,应用much或 a lot of 修饰。 故选B。
77.A
【详解】考查名词和非谓语动词。句意:他是教育改革的不懈倡导者,他主张对教师的出色工作给予奖励。分析句子结构可知:第一个设空处前为形容词,形容词修饰名词作句子表语,设空处应为名词,结合句意,此处指“提倡者”,故用advocator;第二个设空处在句中作非谓语,advocate doing sth提倡做某事。故答案为A。
78.C
【详解】考查名词。句意:他在晚会上的行为令人很不满意。A. satisfactory 满意的,形容词;B. satisfied 满意的,形容词;C. satisfaction 满意,名词;D. satisfy 满意,动词。be far from...,意为“远离......”或者“远远不.....”, 是固定短语,其中from 是介词,其后跟名词 satisfaction作宾语。故选C项。
79.C
【详解】考查名词。句意:我妈妈的鼓励使我决心继续学习。根据上文名词所有格mom’s可知此处应用名词encouragement,作主语,表示“鼓励”,故选C。
80.B
【详解】考查专有名词。句意:一你班上所有的学生都来自德国吗?一不,我们班只有三个德国人。其他人来自别的国家。Germany德国;German德国人,其复数形式是Germans。故选B。
【点睛】
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