2023届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解细节理解题作业含答案

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解细节理解题作业含答案，共57页。
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Regardless of how famous they are, and despite the star treatment they receive, many celebrities make it a point to give back to charities. Some have even set up their own private foundations. Their widely publicised visits to troubled areas of the world help to raise awareness of issues such as famine and poverty. According to Jane Cooper of Unicef UK, celebrities have a unique ability to reach huge numbers of people, many of whom might not otherwise be engaged in charitable causes. She pointed out that famous faces had played a significant role in raising funds in recent years, and their energies had produced tangible results, such as enabling millions of children in poorer countries to attend school.
But in spite of these successes there is evidence to suggest that celebrity endorsement (代言) may be overrated. In a survey of members of the public to find out if celebrity involvement would encourage people to donate, researchers found that the impact was not as great as previously thought. When shown a list of well-known organisations and famous people who represent them, over half of respondents were unable to match the celebrity with the cause. What’s more, three quarters claimed that they didn’t respond to celebrity endorsement in any way. The survey also showed that a few names did stand out as being associated with particular charities. But the presence of a celebrity in a campaign, was not a significant factor when it came to a decision to donate time or money. Instead, the majority of people contribute because of personal connections in their lives and families which make a charity important to them.
In another study aimed at young people, most participants cited a compelling (无法抗拒的) mission as their main motivation to give. The second most important incentive was if a friend or peer recommended supporting a particular cause. Only two percent of respondents said they were motivated by celebrity endorsement. This seems to contradict the general assumption that teenagers are particularly influenced by famous people. One possible explanation is that there is a general fatigue (疲倦) with celebrity culture. There is also a suspicion that the stars are the one who benefit most when they offer to do charity work. Some critics have accused that celebrities might actually take attention away from issues by attracting more attention than the causes they represent.
So taking all these issues into account, is it time for charities to rethink their campaign strategies and look for alternative ways to reach new audiences? Whichever point of view you favour, there seems to be opportunities for more research into how charity campaigns might develop relationships with celebrities to maximise their potential. This in turn will open up more engagement, and better targeted campaigns-which can only benefit those who really matter — the people and animals that are in need of assistance.
1．What does the underlined word “tangible” in paragraph I probably mean?
A．Definite. B．Complicated. C．Limited. D．Temporary.
2．According to the passage, most people contribute to charities because ________.
A．they gain benefit from the charities
B．they are forced to finish a necessary task
C．they believe in the famous people they like
D．they are inspired by the people around them
3．The third paragraph is mainly about ________.
A．what celebrities achieve in doing charities
B．How young people react to celebrity culture
C．why young people are hardly influenced by celebrities
D．who is to blame for taking attention away from charities
4．What is the author's attitude towards celebrity doing charities?
A．Objective. B．Positive.
C．Negative. D．Unclear.

The conductor on the podium (指挥台) has no baton (指挥棒), no tailcoat and no musical score, but Android Alter 3 is kicking up a storm as it guides a symphony orchestra's players through their paces.
The robot has a humanoid face, hands and lower arms, which gesture with what could pass for passion as it bounces up and down and rotates during the live performance of Keiichiro Shibuya's opera Scary Beauty in the Emirate of Sharjah.
Video from the recent performance in the Emirate of Sharjah showed the machine turning to face orchestra members and waving its arms. Alter 3 even sang at times.
Shibuya said the involvement of robots in the everyday lives of humans is continually increasing. But, he said he thinks people will need to decide in the future how artificial intelligence can best improve the human experience.
Shibuya added that he believes humans and robots can learn to work together to create beautiful art. "This work is a metaphor of that relations between humans and technology," he said. Shibuya noted that sometimes the music-leading robot can "get crazy", making it difficult for the musicians to keep up. But other times, the humans and machines cooperate very well.
Shibuya said the robots and AI that exist today are "far from complete". He is interested in studying how such incomplete technology can be combined with art.
"I think this is a very exciting idea…We came to see what it looks like and how much is possible," said Anna Kovacevic. Another audience member, who gave his name only as Billum, said after the show, "You know, a human conductor is so much better." Although he said he is interested in AI and looks forward to big developments, he concluded on the project: "The human touch is lost."
5．What does Shibuya think of Alter 3?
A．It is not perfect at present. B．It teams up with humans well.
C．It often makes humans crazy. D．It is better than human conductors.
6．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．The performance drew mixed reactions.
B．Billum took no interest in the performance.
C．The audience were fascinated by the performance.
D．The audience thought Alter 3 would have a bright future.
7．What is the author's attitude towards the combination of robots and art?
A．Positive B．Negative. C．Objective. D．Critical.
8．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Robot Cooperates with Humans
B．Robot Conducts Human Orchestra
C．The Significance of Robots in Art
D．The Relations Between AI and Humans

I’m May. high school seniors all around the U. S. scramble (争抢) to get ready for prom. Prom. short for promenade, is a formal dance held by a high school before graduation. It's an important aspect of American school culture because it's the last high-school dance seniors will ever attend.
Prom entails (牵涉) countless traditions. First a guy must ask a girl to go to prom with him. Most guys choose to do special prom proposals in hopes of winning the girl's heart with their creativity. Then he will rent a tuxedo (燕尾服), and the girl will often get their hair, nails and makeup done professionally. That night couples will take pictures, and then they will often take a limousine (豪华轿车) to dinner and to the dance. Several reports state that parents can spend upward of $ 2,000 to give their kids the perfect prom experience.
The history of prom can be traced back to the last half of the 1800s. At that time, American universities and colleges organized dances each year for their graduating students. The purpose was not only to entertain the students but also to prepare them for the wider world by teaching them proper manners for men and women.
Later, high schools took over the prom tradition. In the 1950s, high schools began moving the dance from their gyms to beautiful hotels or country clubs to make the event even more special. Perhaps the most amazing prom took place in 1975, when Susan Ford, the daughter of the country's president, received permission to hold her high school's prom at the White House. So far, no other prom has managed to top that.
9．What does this article mainly explain about prom?
A．Its unusual atmosphere.
B．Its present and future.
C．Its educational benefits.
D．Its customs and roots.
10．According to this article, what do the participants in prom mainly pay attention to?
A．Their appearance.
B．Their possessions.
C．Their transportation.
D．Their supervisors.
11．What were people supposed to learn from prom at one time?
A．What marketing plan to use.
B．How to behave around others.
C．Which food was best to eat.
D．When to earn a great degree.
12．According to this article ,where was a special event held more than four decades ago?
A．In an official residence.
B．In an international court.
C．In a motion picture studio.
D．In a modern gallery.

In the magnificent range of mountains of northern California, 42 radio telescopes point towards the stars, scanning for signs of life. The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence （SETI） Institute has been listening for a signal here since it was founded in 1984. Jill Tarter, its co — founder, says the programmed aim is not just to communicate with remote civilisations. It is also to remind human beings of its own modest, fragile （脆弱的）place in the universe. Thus, for the first time, SETI is cocking its ear towards Earth to look for a signal that can be sent into space to represent the species.
Felipe Perez Santiago, a Mexican musician and composer, has an idea of what might work.Since songs, like the human voices, are common to all languages and nations, he and Ms. Tarter have designed the “Earthling Project”-a call to people everywhere to upload extracts （精华）of song that he plans to melt into a collective human chorus. An initial composition will be launched into space this summer, recorded on a virtually indestructible disk. Future plans and dreams include an eventual landing on Mars.
Human music has been sent to the heavens in 1977. Distant beings can in theory already enjoy Peruvian panpipes, a Navajo chant, Bach, Beethoven and more. But no previous offering, and perhaps no composition undertaken anywhere, has tried to encompass the entire diversity of human song.
Mr. Santiago says he is thrilled about bringing together contributors from around the globe. Unlike other recordings sent into space, says Mr. Santiago, “Everyone's invited. You don't have to be one of the main composers of our history like Beethoven, just someone singing in their shower.” Download the “Earthling Project" app, sing up to three songs of 30 seconds each, and your voice will be sent into the sky.
13．Why does SETI look for a signal to be sent into space?
A．To stand for species on the earth.
B．To scan for other liveable planets.
C．To respond to the call of the universe.
D．To stress the importance of the earth.
14．What can we infer about the "Earthling Project”?
A．It is a world music organization.
B．It intends to create a human chorus.
C．It tries to develop a universal language.
D．It aims to search for signals from space.
15．What does the underlined word “encompass" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Include. B．Appreciate.
C．Work out. D．Relate to.
16．What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A．To inspire people to become composers.
B．To call on people to protect our planet.
C．To encourage people to explore space.
D．To invite people to join a programme.

Future City Competition
Future City starts with a question—how can we make the world a better place? To answer it, 10th, 11th, and 12th grade students imagine, research, design, and build cities of the future that showcase their solution to a citywide sustainability issue. Past topics include Urban Agriculture, Public spaces, and Green energy while the topic of this year is Living on the Moon. Teams will design a futuristic lunar city and provide examples of how the city uses Moon resources to keep its residents safe and healthy.
Participants complete five deliverables: a 1,500-word city essay: a scale model; a project plan; a presentation video; and a virtual/online Q&A session with /judges. Regional winners represent their region at the international Finals. After completing Future City, student participants are not only prepared to be citizens of today’s complex and technical world, but also ready to become the drivers of tomorrow.
What you can learn
This flexible, cross-curricular(跨课程的) educational program gives students an opportunity to do the things that engineers do-identify problems: brainstorm ideas; design solutions; test, retest and build; and share their results. With this at its center, Future City is an engaging way to build students’ 21st century skills. Students participating in Future City also learn how their communities work and become better citizens and develop strong time management and project management skills.
What you need
Future City costs just $25 per organization—and you can register I team or 100. The price always stays the same.
We keep the price affordable so everyone can participate. Not only that, we limit the budget for materials for the City Model and City Presentation to $100 and encourage teams to use recycled materials. You don’t need expensive equipment to excel. Creativity, hard work, and commitment are all you need to get ahead.
Please note: Some regions limit the number of teams an organization can bring to the Regional Competition. Please check with your Regional Coordinator to find out the guidelines in your region.
17．In Future City Competition 2021, students need to ________.
A．complete more than five taskes
B．design a city with green energy
C．address problems on the moon
D．make use of lunar resources
18．What lies at the core of Future City Competition?
A．Designing cities.
B．Identifying problems.
C．Training better citizens
D．Engineering design process
19．If you want to succeed in the competition, you need ________.
A．to be creative and devoted.
B．to use the recycled materials.
C．to buy some expensive equipment.
D．to ask more people to join in your team.

Sora observed in amazement as Weilun picked up two large metal cans. She followed Weilun with a pail (桶) of clothes, watching him carry the two cans effortlessly. They were large and were covering Weilun’s small frame.
Sora’s father had sent her to the village to learn about rural life. Sora had never once done any household chores back home. She did not understand why her father would always chant “Where is your willingness to learn?” whenever she asked him if she could stay home for the holidays. Her father had given her a checklist on the life skills that she needed to learn, one of which was to wash clothes. She recalled washing a table cloth after an art lesson in school. That was a piece of cake, she thought. So Sora refused Weilun’s offer to help. Weilun then went to fill the large cans with water at the far end of the river.
Suddenly, a big bird dived from the sky when Sora placed the last piece of clothing back in the pail. Sora released her grasp of the pail in shock. Then she was relaxed to find it was aiming for a worm near her. But the clothes were drifting in the river. Weilun immediately came to help and Sora shifted the blame to the bird.
He pointed at the detergent foam (洗涤剂泡沫) on the surface of the river. “Don’t tell me you rinsed (漂洗) the detergent from the clothes in the river. Don’t you know that it may kill the river creatures? You caused the problem, not the bird!” Sora looked down in shame. “You think that you know everything, but you actually don’t.”
Sora closed her eyes to let Weilun’s words sink in for a moment. She finally understood the meaning behind her father’s chants. She walked towards Weilun and whispered, “Could you teach me all the life skills that my father had planned for me to learn?”
20．Why was Sora amazed?
A．Weilun was too small in size for the two large cans.
B．Weilun was willing to help his parents do some chores.
C．Weilun managed to carry the two large cans easily.
D．Weilun was willing to accompany her to the riverside.
21．Why did Sora refuse Weilun’s offer to help wash the clothes?
A．She thought it was an easy task.
B．She had learned how to do it.
C．She wanted her father to be proud of her.
D．She wanted to learn new things by herself.
22．What happened when Sora found the bird flew towards her?
A．The bird was diving for food.
B．The bird was attacking her.
C．Sora was rinsing the detergent in the pail.
D．Sora was shocked to find a worm in the pail.
23．What do you think Sora “finally understood”?
A．She wasn’t capable of living on her own.
B．She really lacked the willingness to learn.
C．Life skills could be learned in the country.
D．Her father wanted her to learn from Weilun.

Independent living at home is the ideal for every aging person. But a fall or other health-threatening incidents can change everything rapidly.
The wearable “panic buttons” introduced in the late 1980s were a great advance. But they only work if people actually wear them and can reach the button in an emergency. Today there are passive wearables that automatically detect falls, and camera-based systems to monitor elder safety.
Coming from a 40-year career in the semiconductor and wireless communication field, Rafi Zack decided to find a better alternative. “People aren’t devoted to wearing small devices 24/7, and camera-based systems are an invasion（侵犯）of privacy,” he points out, “The most challenging aspect is a fall. How fast we can detect a fall matters because the medical situation worsens quickly. Sometimes people stay on the floor for a long time. We have to find out how to solve that problem.”
Zack is a co-founder, CEO and vice president of R&D at EchoCare Technologies which has developed ECHO (Elderly Care Home Observer), a cloud-connected monitor based on radar technology and machine learning.
Because radar sees through walls, one ECHO unit fixed on the ceiling or wall can monitor one person (or two persons, in a future version) in a standard-sized apartment in a senior living facility. The device detects falls, breathing difficulties, drowning in a bathtub and other dangerous events. It gives out warnings to potential health worsening conditions by continuously monitoring and analyzing the person’s location, posture（姿势）, motion and breath. EchoCare tested the device in the United States, Japan, Australia and Israel. ECHO was certified（认证）in 2019 in Japan with the most aging population in the world.
“Bathrooms were the main testing area where about 17,000 deadly accidents happen annually.” said SMK Director and Executive Vice President Tetsuo Hara. “Bathroom makers, home security service providers and nursing homes are highly interested in EchoCare’s solution.” Zack noted, “As more and more elder people live alone as a result of social distancing, there is an increased need to monitor them without the burden of wearables or privacy-invading cameras.”
24．What’s the advantage of ECHO over “panic buttons”?
A．It has camera-based systems. B．It has been widely accepted.
C．It can function without cameras. D．Its buttons can be easily reached.
25．What can we know about ECHO from paragraph 5?
A．It is designed to send out warnings regularly.
B．It monitors dangerous health-related events.
C．It was certified in many developed countries.
D．It detects more than one person at the same time.
26．What can we infer about the future of ECHO?
A．It’ll become more popular with the elderly.
B．It’ll stop 17,000 deaths happening annually.
C．It’ll be used in nursing homes and hospitals.
D．It’ll help elderly people to live an active life.
27．What can be the best title for the passage?
A．An Advanced Medical Instrument
B．A High-tech Monitor for the Elderly
C．The Invention of a Healthcare Device
D．The Improvement of a Medical Facility

What is talent? Are you born with it? Or does it seem to develop over time? Before I start, I’d like to say that one thing everyone agrees on is that the most skilled musicians have worked hard to get there.
While it’s true that a few of us had enough “talent” to avoid extra practice to do just as well as those who did, those who worked hard easily beat us. It is, in fact, very likely that if some of us “talented ones” had actually been practicing and improving our skill, we would have achieved a whole different level.
Another aspect of talent seems to be heart and passion (酷爱). The people I see who are the most talented musicians are crazy about music. They eat, breathe, and live music and they make an extraordinary effort to make it part of their lives. As Remus Badea said, desire for the musician-to-be is significant for them to be successful. This desire is easily found in those considered to be talented. When you want and love something so bad, it drives you and your entire character can be shaped around it. Such determined passion seems to produce incredible skill and talent.
The third aspect (方面) of talent is having talent around you. When surrounded by talented musicians, it only seems natural that you start to catch up to their level Take a look at almost any group of musicians in history. The more talented people in the group the more talented the group is as a whole. A great example of this is the relationship between audio producer and artist. The artist turns up to the studio with their song, and as they work through recording it, the audio producer will often suggest various changes to the song to make it better.
28．What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A．Pride goes before a fall.
B．It’s never too old to learn.
C．Practice contributes to talent.
D．Talent determines achievements.
29．What is the key to success according to Remus Badea?
A．Passion. B．Character . C．Skill. D．Talent.
30．Why is the example mentioned in the last paragraph?
A．To introduce what real talents are.
B．To explain how a song is composed.
C．To prove talents need team spirit.
D．To show the benefits of being with talents.
31．What might the author probably agree with?
A．Music has no limits.
B．Musicians are born with talent.
C．Music favors the talented.
D．Musicians are created, not born.

A young woman was walking in Santa Ana, California, when she came upon an elderly street vendor (小贩) selling tamales (玉米粉蒸肉). Seeing how tired he looked in his wheelchair, she decided to give him a few bucks and a sandwich—and she also gave him a sympathetic ear to listen to his story.
When Kenia Barragan first saw Jose Villa Ochoa, she thought of her own parents. “I felt for him,” she told KTTV News, “My parents are both older, and I would hate to see my dad out selling tamales for somebody and barely making ends meet.”
Known as “Don Joel”, he explained that although he wanted a job, no company would hire him because of his age. In order to keep himself out of debt, he started to sell tamales cooked by a local woman. At the end of each hard day, she would give him a cut of the earnings. This allowed him to buy food, but was not enough for him to afford his medical treatment or a phone.
The 28-year-old woman was happy to listen to Don Joel’s story, but she wanted to do more. She made an appeal to her followers on Instagram for some assistance. Within a week, friends and strangers flooded her with more than $84 000 in donations.
In addition to the money raised for Don Joel’s retirement, Kenia purchased him a new wheelchair and a shiny new pair of shoes. Even though he’s 94, he says he feels like he’s 40 now, because the kindness has made him feel so alive. He describes the generosity as “life-changing”.
Kenia feels exactly the same way. She says she’s always looking for a purpose that helps people and that she’s been living in line with those values in her current job, working with people who have disabilities to get them transportation. Her goal in life is to establish a homeless shelter.
32．Why did Don Joel sell tamales?
A．To buy a new wheelchair. B．To struggle for a living.
C．To pay off his medical debt. D．To help a local woman.
33．How did Kenia change Don Joel’s life?
A．By establishing a homeless shelter. B．By giving him money and sandwiches.
C．By collecting donations on Instagram. D．By listening to his story attentively.
34．What can we infer about Kenia in the text?
A．She disliked her father because of his job.
B．She is a wealthy woman ready to help others.
C．She helped Don Joel when she was 40 years old.
D．She is a kind woman aiming to do more charity.
35．What does the author want to tell us?
A．Rose given, fragrant in hand. B．The best hearts are always the bravest.
C．No pain, no gain. D．Sharp tools make good work.

The first wave of a new class of anti-aging drugs have begun human testing. These drugs won't let you live longer but aim to treat specific illnesses by slowing a fundamental process of aging.
The drugs are called senolytics—they work by removing certain cells that accumulate as we age. Known as “senescent” cells, they can create low-level inflammation (炎症) that prevents normal systems of living cells repair and creates a poisonous environment for neighboring cells.
In June, San Francisco - based Unity Biotechnology reported initial results in patients with mild to severe osteoarthritis (关节炎) of the knee. Results from a larger clinical trial are expected in the second half of this year. The company is also developing similar drugs to treat age-related diseases of the eyes and lungs, among other conditions.
Senolytics are now in human tests, along with a number of other promising approaches targeting the biological processes that lie at the root of aging and various diseases.
A company called Alkahest injects patients with components found in young people's blood and says it hopes to stop conscious and functional decline in patients suffering from mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. The company also has drugs for Parkinson's and dementia in human testing.
And in December, researchers at Drexel University College of Medicine even tried to see if a cream including the immune-suppressing drug could slow aging in human skin.
The tests reflect researchers' expanding efforts to learn if the many diseases associated with getting older- such as heart diseases, arthritis, cancer, and dementia- can be dealt with to delay their outbreak.
36．Why do the researchers develop the drugs?
A．To rid inflammation. B．To lengthen people's life.
C．To treat age-related diseases. D．To remove cancer cells.
37．What does the underlined word “senescent” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Repairing. B．Cycling. C．Aging. D．Dividing.
38．How does the text mainly develop?
A．By listing data. B．By providing details.
C．By making comparisons. D．By analyzing causes.
39．Where is this text most likely from?
A．A diary. B．A guidebook. C．A novel. D．A magazine.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Julia began her second year as a first grade teacher in an online classroom. One September afternoon, she received a call from and Cynthia, who was having technical difficulties with her granddaughter's tools for online learning.
Julia immediately knew something was wrong with Cynthia. The two women had spoken many times before, but Julia had never heard she sounded like this. Her words were so jumbled that Julia could barely understand her. Julia called her headmaster, Charlie, who convinced her that he would call and check on Cynthia himself.
Just like Julia, Charlie could barely understand Cynthia. He suspected she might be having a stroke (中风) — he recognized the signs from when his own father had suffered one. Charlie immediately became concerned that Cynthia's two grandchildren, ages six and eight, were probably home alone with her and scared. Charlie asked his office manager to send an ambulance to the grandmother's home.
The quick response from Julia and Charlie saved Cynthia's life. She arrived at the hospital in time to get treatment before long-term damage occurred. Thanks to an extended stay in the hospital, she has regained most of the movement throughout her body except for one hand and a region of her mouth.
“I'm proud of the people I work with, that they responded so quickly and that it did make a difference to Cynthia,” says Julia. “I am so pleased to be part of such a caring community.” But the school's crisis response is only one piece of the community's extraordinary efforts to help Cynthia and her granddaughters. Another family with young children took in the two girls.
Virtual learning has been a challenge across the country, but it's fair to say that it has helped the community grow closer. Many teachers there gave their personal phone numbers to students and families in case they needed extra help. In this case, the exchange was literally life-altering.
40．Cynthia called Julia in order to .
A．complain about the poor contents of online learning
B．consult about her granddaughter's academic performance
C．seek some help for lack of certain technical knowledge
D．volunteer her services as a teacher in an online classroom
41．The underlined word “jumbled” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .
A．brief
B．unclear
C．gentle
D．impolite
42．How did Charlie decide that Cynthia might have suffered a stroke?
A．By recalling his own previous sufferings from the disease.
B．By using his professional knowledge to form the judgment.
C．By combining Julia's call with the granddaughters' description.
D．By identifying the symptoms that a stroke patient may have.
43．What does the author think of virtual leaning?
A．It has caused much inconvenience to parents.
B．It will bring about unavoidable leak of privacy.
C．It has provided more benefits than challenges.
D．It needs technical guidance to be highly effective.

Young children who have experienced compassionate (有同情心的) love and empathy (认同感) from their mothers may be more willing to turn thoughts into action by being generous to others, a University of California, Davis’ study suggests.
In lab studies, children tested at ages 4 and 6 showed more willingness to give up the tokens (代金券) they had earned to fictional children in need when two conditions were present—if they showed bodily changes when given the opportunity to share and had experienced positive parenting that modeled such kindness. The study initially included 74 preschool-age children and their mothers. They were invited back two years later, resulting in 54 mother-child pairs whose behaviors and reactions were analyzed when the children were 6.
“At both ages, children with better physiological regulation and with mothers who expressed stronger compassionate love were likely to donate more of their earnings,” said Paul Hastings, UC Davis professor of psychology. “Compassionate mothers likely develop emotionally close relationships with their children while also providing an early example of satisfying the needs of others,” researchers said in the study, published in November in Frontiers in Psychology” Emotion Science.
In each lab exercise, after attaching a monitor to record children’s heart-rate activity, the examiner told the children they would be earning tokens for a variety of activities, and that the tokens could be turned in for a prize. The tokens were put into a box, and each child eventually earned 20 prize tokens. Then before the session ended, children were told they could donate all or part of their tokens to other children.
Taken together, the findings showed that children’s generosity is supported by the combination of their socialization experiences—their mothers’ compassionate love—and their physiological regulation, and that these work like “internal and external supports for the ability to act prosocially that build on each other”.
In addition to observing the children’s propensity (习性) to donate their game earnings, Hastings suggested that “being in a calmer state after sharing could reinforce (加强) the generous behavior that produced that good feeling.”
44．How do young children loved by their mother tend to become in later years?
A．Considerate. B．Emotional.
C．Generous. D．Optimistic.
45．What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A．The process of the research. B．The result of the experiment.
C．The reactions of the children. D．The importance of Mom’s love.
46．According to Hastings, what factor could strengthen children’s good behaviors?
A．Their moms love them deeply. B．They donate the tokens easily.
C．They behave physiologically. D．They are calmer after sharing.
47．What is probably the best title of this passage?
A．What Contributes to Generosity?
B．The More You Give, the Calmer You Will Be
C．Do You Prefer to Receive or Give?
D．More Giving, Less Receiving

Nearly everyone knows eBay is a website where you can buy and sell pretty much anything. There are other Internet auction (拍卖) sites, but none come close to eBay for brand-name recognition. And for good reason: eBay is the largest English-language online auction site in the world. Buyers come to eBay for the best chance of finding the particular thing they want. Sellers come for the largest pool of buyers, which they hope means the best chance of selling at the highest possible price.
Buying things on eBay is pretty simple. You can type a term into the search field, or click through the categories list to get to what you want. Inside an individual item listing, you’ll see the current asking price, and a little button to click if you wish to place your own bid. Enter a price, occasionally come back to see if someone has bid higher than you and wait for the end of the auction period. If your bid is the highest, you win! Now all you have to do is arrange payment and shipping method with the seller. eBay is only in the business of putting buyers and sellers together for a small fee from the seller. It doesn’t handle the actual payment or shipping of goods. In other words, it isn’t a big department store, or a warehouse. It’s the owner of a flea market, and you have to do your own deals with the individual sellers in their virtual stalls.
To be a skillful eBay buyer, you should learn when to trust sellers and how a proxy (代理人) bid can save you from going online every half-hour to up your bid. Experienced eBay users also know how to use escrows (公正托管) to guarantee goods, and how to avoid selling tricks such as fake bids that push up prices. The more often you buy on eBay, the more you learn.
48．Why is eBay the best website for people to buy and sell things?
A．Because it has all brand products.
B．Because the trade language is English.
C．Because sellers and buyers can close their deals.
D．Because sellers can find a swimming pool there.
49．What should you do first if you want to buy something at the site?
A．Find the current asking price.
B．Click a button to place your own bid.
C．Enter a price which is higher than others.
D．Find what you want in the categories list.
50．What should the buyer do if he/she wins the bid?
A．Get goods from eBay.
B．Determine payment and shipment.
C．Send somebody for the goods.
D．Talk about the price of the goods.
51．What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph?
A．How to be a skillful buyer at eBay.
B．How to make sure of qualified goods.
C．How to avoid being cheated by others.
D．How to spare you from going online frequently.

The use of AI (artificial intelligence) is becoming more common in many branches of industry and online shopping. Traditional lines of work, such as goods transport and driving, are developing in a similar direction although mainly out of public view. Scientists at the University of Göttingen have now investigated how efficient (高效的) the use of AI can be in the commercial management of trucks.
“Digital applications—as well as machine leaning, a kind of AI—are increasingly applied to operations and courses in the transport area,” explains Professor Matthias Klumpp from the Faculty of Economics. “The question in the commercial area, however, is whether or not this contributes to achieving goals.”
To answer this question, the researchers compared the work efficiency of truck drivers with their main use of AI applications. Looking at trade delivery by truck, they studied three groups: the first drove completely following human decision-making models; the second used a combination of human and machine; and the third depended completely on fully automated decisions.
The researchers found that an intelligent combination of human work and decision-making abilities with AI applications promises the highest transport and driving efficiency. “On average, the second group achieved the most efficient transport trips, with the fewest interventions (干预) and off-course from the best path.” one researcher said, “Clearly, neither a completely human decision-making structure nor a fully automated driving system can promise to meet current goods transport requirements.” The scientists therefore summarized that despite the progress of AI in the field of transportation by truck, human experience and decision-making abilities will still be necessary in the longer term. However, the challenge is that a wide range of training and qualification (资格) needs will come along by working with Al applications, especially for simple goods transport activities.
52．What does Matthias Klumpp focus on?
A．The efficiency of AI.
B．The advantages of AI.
C．The problems caused by AI.
D．The wide applications of AI.
53．How did the researchers get the finding?
A．By providing examples.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By using different trucks.
D．By listing three experiments.
54．What can we know from the last paragraph?
A．Al is better at making decisions.
B．A balance is needed between human and AI.
C．Human will soon be replaced by AI in driving.
D．Al applications meet the current requirements.
55．What is the best title for the text?
A．The future of transport.
B．Artificial intelligence as a co-driver.
C．Artificial intelligence-a better choice in driving.
D．The strengths of artificial intelligence in transport.

Just as a hungry brain craves (渴望) food, a lonely brain craves people. A new brain study demonstrates this. After being left alone, it shows people's brains would be activated at the sight of other people. The action was in the same brain region that speeds up when a hungry person sees food.
Livia Tomova, a neuroscientist, who studies how the brain produces mental activities, and her colleagues began this study. They recruited (招募) 40 people. On one day, the participants had to fast—not eat anything at all—for 10 hours. On another day, the same people were placed in a room for 10 hours. They couldn't see anyone. No friends, no family and no social media. They weren't even allowed to check their email. After both days, Tomova and her colleagues put the people in a MRI machine. It shows activity in the brain by tracking how much blood is flowing to each region.
At the end of each day, the participants showed high activity in a brain area called the midbrain. The scientists were interested in two, small areas within it. Both areas produce dopamine, a chemical that is important in craving and rewards. The two areas activated when hungry participants saw pictures of tasty pizza or juicy hamburgers. After the volunteers had been isolated, those brain areas became active when they saw social activities they missed. It might be playing sports or chatting with friends.
The midbrain plays an important part in people's motivation to seek food or friends. In fact, it responds to food and social signals even when people aren't hungry or lonely. But hunger and loneliness increased the reactions and made people's responses specific to the thing they were missing. And the more hunger or isolation the volunteers said they were experiencing, the stronger the activity in this part of the brain. Tomova and her colleagues published their results November 23 in Nature Neuroscience.
56．How does Tomova test out the result of the study?
A．By stimulating desire. B．By controlling blood flow.
C．By monitoring brain activity. D．By examining mental activities.
57．What do we know about midbrain?
A．It consists of two areas. B．It helps motivate desire for food.
C．It stops working when people are full. D．It decreases responses to lost friends.
58．What does the underlined “it” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．A midbrain area. B．A social activity. C．A volunteer. D．A hamburger.
59．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Dopamine—a Sure Sign of Age B．Midbrain—a Nest for the Thoughts
C．Hunger Makes Mental Health Struggle D．Loneliness Makes Our Brains Need People

THE BEST BOOKS OF 2020
In our efforts to increase and spread knowledge, we highly recommend these titles issued this year.
You Never Forget Your First: A Biography of George Washington
Treating the first president’s masculinity (刚毅) as a ‘‘previous conclusion”, historian Alexis Coe explores lesser-known aspects of Washington’s life, from his interest in animal husbandry (畜牧业) to his role as a father figure.
All We Can Save: Truth, Courage, and Solutions for the Climate Crisis
Johnson, a marine biologist and the founder of Ocean Collective, and Wilkinson, the editor in chief of Project Drawdown edited appealing pieces on climate change crafted by 60 women. The collection, All We Can Save, showcases a diverse range of experts, all working to tackle climate issues in powerful ways.
Feasting Wild: In Search of the Last Untamed Food
Gina Rae La Cerva travels the globe in search of some of the planet’s last truly wild foods. Her journey takes her to a place in the Democratic Republic of Congo, where she investigates the “bush meat" trade that is common in the region’s rainforest and results in the illegal hunting of wild animals.
The Man Who Ate Too Much: The Life of James Beard
James Beard Award-winning author, John Birdsall writes this book to show a more complete picture of Beard’s life, examining the cook’s use of coded language in early cookbooks. The language itself is as rich as Beard’s fried chicken.
60．What can we learn from You Never Forget Your First?
A．Washington’s wide interests.
B．Washington’s masculinity as a father.
C．Some popular aspects of Washington’s life.
D．Some unfamiliar aspects of Washington’s life.
61．Which book should you read if you want to know the topic about climate problems?
A．Feasting Wild. B．All We Can Save.
C．You Never Forget Your First. D．The Man Who Ate Too Much.
62．What is the similarity between Feasting Wild and The Man Who Ate Too Much?
A．Foods are both mentioned. B．Both are about traveling.
C．Their languages are vivid. D．Their authors are famous.

At 88, I remain a competitive runner. The finish line of my life is drawing close, and I hope to reach it having given the best of myself along the way. I’ve been training my body to meet the demands of this final stretch. But, I wonder, should I have asked more of my mind?
If I didn’t exercise, I would release the hungry beasts that seek their elderly prey on couches, but not in the gym. The more I sweated, the more likely it was my doctor would continue to say, “Keep doing what you’re doing, and I’ll see you next year.” My mind, on the other hand, seems less willing to give in to discipline. I have tried Internet “brain games”, solving algebraic problems flashing past and changing the route of virtual trains to avoid crashes. But these never approach my determination to remain physically fit as I move deeper into old age.
Though I have many friends in their 70s, 80s and 90s, I’ve been far too slow to realize that how we respond to aging is a choice made in the mind, not in the gym. Some of my healthiest friends carry themselves as victims abused by time. Other friends, many, whose aching knees and hips are the least of their physical problems, find comfort in their ability to accept old age as just another stage of life to deal with. I would use the world “heroic” to describe the way they cope with aging.
One such friend recently called from a hospital to tell me a sudden brain disease had made him legally blind. He interrupted me as I began telling him how terribly sorry I was: “Bob, it could have been worse. I could have become dead instead of blind.”
In spite of all the time I spend lifting weights and exercising, I realized I lack the strength to have said those words. It suddenly struck me that I’ve paid a price for being a “gym rat”. If there is one characteristic common to friends who are aging with a graceful acceptance of life’s attacks, it is contentment. Aging had to be more than what I saw in a mirror.
But rather than undertaking a fundamental change in the way I face aging. I felt the place to begin would be to start small. A recent lunch provided a perfect example.
I’ve always found it extremely difficult to concentrate when I’m in a noisy setting. At this lunch with a friend in an outdoor restaurant, a landscaper began blowing leaves from underneath the bushes surrounding our table. Typically, after such a noisy interruption, I would have snapped, “let’s wait until he’s finished!. ”, then fallen silent. When the roar(吼叫)eventually faded, my roar would have drained(消耗)the conversation of any warmth. It troubled me that even a passing distraction(分心)could so easily take me from enjoying lunch with a good friend to a place that gave me no pleasure at all. I wanted this meal to be different.
My years in gyms had taught me to shake off pains and other distractions, never permitting them to stop my workout or run. I decided to treat the noise this way. I continued talking with my friend, challenging myself to hear the noise, but to hold it at a distance. The discipline was so familiar to me in the gym—this time applied to my mind— proved equally effective in the restaurant. It was as though I had taken my brain to a mental fitness center.
Learning to ignore a leaf blower’s roar hardly equips me to find contentment during my passage into ever-deeper old age. But I left the lunch feeling I had at least taken a small first step in changing behavior that stood in the way of that contentment.
Could I employ that same discipline to accept with dignity the unavoidable decline awaiting me like the finish line? Hoping that contentment will guide me as I make my way along the path yet to be travelled.
63．The author’s question in Paragraph 1 implies that ________.
A．he feels unsatisfied with the result of the brain games.
B．he has never believed the necessity of mind training.
C．He has realized he should mentally prepare for aging.
D．he feels regret for not sharpening his thinking skills
64．What can we learn from the author’s friend mentioned in Paragrph 4?
A．He takes physical illnesses as they come.
B．He fears that his illness will become worse.
C．He needs to find a way through those hardships.
D．He sees life as a series of disappointments.
65．After that recent lunch, the author realized that ________.
A．he had made small changes to adapt to aging.
B．the restaurant was not an ideal place for eating
C．distractions were not uncommon in everything life.
D．his roar had spoiled the friendly conversation.
66．Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?
A．Benefits of Regular Exercise
B．Old Age Hate and Blessing
C．Never Too Old to Learn
D．The Secret to Aging Well

After beating bone cancer, Hayley Arceneaux thinks rocketing into orbit on SpaceX’s first private flight should be no problem at all. St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital announced the 29-year-old doctor’s assistant will rocket into space later this year.
Arceneaux, a former patient at St. Jude, will become the youngest American in space, beating NASA record-holder Sally Ride by over two years. She will travel with businessman Jared Isaacman, who is using the spaceflight he bought to raise money for charity. Two other yet-to-be-chosen space flyers will join them. Arceneaux will be the first person to launch with a prosthesis an artificial device that replaces a missing or injured part of the body. When she was 10, Arceneaux had an operation at St. Jude to replace her knee and a piece of metal was put in her left leg. She still limps and has occasional leg pain.
“My battle with cancer really prepared me for space travel,” she recently told The Associated Press. “It made me tough, and then also I think it really taught me to expect the unexpected and go along for the ride.” Arceneaux wants to show her young patients and other cancer survivors that “the sky is not even the limit anymore.” “It’s going to mean so much to these kids to see a survivor in space.” she said.
Isaacman announced his space flight on February 1, promising to raise $200 million for St. Jude. As the flight’s self-appointed commander, he offered one of the four seats aboard SpaceX’s Dragon spacecraft to St. Jude. The hospital chose Arceneaux from among its many workers who had once been patients. The idea was that one of them could represent the new generation, noted Rick Shadyac, president of St. Jude’s financing organization.
Arceneaux was at home in Memphis, Tennessee, when she got a surprising call in January. She was asked if she would represent St. Jude in space. As a lifelong space fan who loves adventures, Arceneaux has traveled widely and loves roller coasters. Isaacman, who flies fighter airplanes for fun, considers her a perfect fit. The launch is planned for this fall at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center, with the spacecraft orbiting Earth for two to four days.
67．Which statement is true about Hayley Arceneaux?
A．She works where she used to be a patient.
B．She is an adventure hater.
C．She is the youngest American in space.
D．She is the first woman space flyer.
68．What’s the correct order for what happened to Hayley Arceneaux?
a. She received a surprising call. b. She was diagnosed with a serious disease.
c. She was chosen to rocket into space. d. She was operated on at St.Jude.
A．a c d b B．b c d a C．b d a c D．c a b d
69．What’s the purpose of the space flight?
A．To carry out medical research.
B．To explore space.
C．To expect the unexpected.
D．To collect money.
70．How can we describle Hayley Arceneaux?
A．Generous and strong.
B．Caring and optimistic.
C．Brave and honest.
D．Patient and representative.

It’s common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci’s most famous painting seems to look back at viewers, following them with her eyes no matter where they are in the room. But this common knowledge turns out wrong.
A new study finds that the woman in the painting is actually looking out at an angle of 15.4° off to the viewer’s right — well outside the range that people normally believe when they think someone is looking right at them. In other words, said the study author, Horstmann, “She’s not looking at you.”
This is ironic (讽刺), because the entire phenomenon of a person’s gaze (凝视) in a photograph or painting seeming to follow the viewer is called the “Mona Lisa effect”, which is absolutely real. If a person is illustrated or photographed looking straight ahead, even people viewing the portrait from an angle will feel they are being looked at. As long as the angle of the person’s gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the Mona Lisa effect occurs.
Horstmann and his co-author were studying this effect for its application in the creation of artificial-intelligence avatars (虚拟头像) when Horstmann took a long look at the “Mona Lisa” and realized she wasn’t looking at him.
To make sure it wasn’t just him, the researchers gathered 24 people to view images of the “Mona Lisa” on a computer screen. They set a ruler between the viewer and the screen and asked the participants to note which number on the ruler intersected (相交) Mona Lisa’s gaze. To calculate the angle of Mona Lisa’s gaze as she looked at the viewer, they moved the ruler farther from or closer to the screen during the study. Consistently, the researchers found, participants judged that the woman in the “Mona Lisa” portrait was not looking straight at them, but slightly off to their right.
So why do people repeat the belief that her eyes seem to follow the viewer? Horstmann isn’t sure. It’s possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them. Or maybe the people who first coined the term “Mona Lisa effect” just thought it was a cool name.
71．It is generally believed that the woman in the painting “Mona Lisa” ________.
A．attracts the viewers to look back
B．seems mysterious because of her eyes
C．fixes her eyes on the back of the viewers
D．looks at observers wherever they stand
72．What did the new study find?
A．The Mona Lisa effect does not really exist.
B．The mystery of the woman’s smile in the painting.
C．The angle of the gaze in Mona Lisa effect.
D．Mona Lisa effect does not occur with Mona Lisa.
73．The experiment involving 24 people was conducted to ________.
A．confirm Horstmann’s belief
B．create artificial-intelligence avatars
C．calculate the angle of Mona Lisa’s gaze
D．show how the Mona Lisa effect can be applied
74．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Horstmann thinks it cool to coin the term “Mona Lisa effect”.
B．The Mona Lisa effect contributes to the creation of artificial intelligence.
C．Feeling being gazed at by Mona Lisa may be caused by the desire for attention.
D．The position of the ruler in the experiment will influence the viewers’ judgement.

China was a latecomer to space exploration, and in the movies, it has been a latecomer to science fiction. That has probably changed.
The country’s first blockbuster (大片) set in space, The Wandering Earth, opened in February amid high expectations that it would represent the beginning of a new era in Chinese filmmaking. Shown in 3D, The Wandering Earth takes place in a distant future in which the sun is about to expand into a red giant and devour (吞食) the Earth. The approaching danger forces the world’s engineers to work out a plan to move the planet to a new solar system. Things go very badly when Earth has to pass Jupiter, setting off a desperate fight to save humanity from being totally destroyed.
The Wandering Earth is adapted from a short novel by Liu Cixin, the writer who has led a renaissance in science fiction in China. His works are great epics (史诗) and deeply researched. Translating them into movies would challenge any filmmaker, as the director of The Wandering Earth, Guo Fan, admitted.
Guo noted that Chinese Studios had been cautious about investing the resources required to make convincing science-fiction. The budget for The Wandering Earth reportedly reached nearly $50 million— modest by Hollywood standards but still significant in China. “I really hope this movie will not lose money at least,” said Guo before the movie’s release. The popularity of Liu’s novels could help. So could the fact that China has reached a milestone in space: the landing of a probe (航天探测器) on the far side of the moon in January. Although decades behind Russia and the United States, China has now put astronauts in orbit and has ambitious plans to join---or even lead---a new age of space exploration.
Unlike some typical Hollywood movies, The Wandering Earth does not feature a world-saving hero. The fight to save Earth is fought instead by a group. A vision of international cooperation to cope with the threats facing the Earth is a theme that runs deeply through Liu’s fiction.
75．What message does the success of the movie The Wandering Earth convey?
A．It lives up to the audience’s high expectations.
B．It marks a new height of the Chinese filmmaking industry.
C．It displays China’s ambition to lead space exploration.
D．It sets new and higher standards for Chinese movies.
76．The Wandering Earth achieved great success because of ________.
A．giant investment of Chinese studios B．the high reputation of the film director
C．China’s advances in space exploration D．the deep research and world-saving theme
77．What might be the best title of the passage?
A．A New Era for Space Exploration Begins
B．A Film Based on Liu Cixin’s Novel Enjoys Great Popularity
C．China’s First Space-Themed Film Features Cooperation
D．China’s Film Industry Eventually Joins the Space Race
参考答案：
1．A
2．D
3．C
4．A

【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要分析了名人做慈善的利与弊。
1．词句猜测题。第一段划线词所在句“She pointed out that famous faces had played a significant role in raising funds in recent years, and their energies had produced tangible results, such as enabling millions of children in poorer countries to attend school.(她指出，名人近年来在筹集资金方面发挥了重要作用，他们的精力产生了切实的成果，比如让贫困国家的数百万儿童上学)”中的“such as enabling millions of children in poorer countries to attend school”部分表明，名人们在慈善方面的努力取得了实在的成果，所以可以推测tangible意为“切实的，实在的”。A. Definite.确切的；B. Complicated.复杂的；C. Limited.有限的；D. Temporary.暂时的。所以A选项和划线词词义最接近，B、C、D都不符合。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Instead, the majority of people contribute because of personal connections in their lives and families which make a charity important to them.(相反，大多数人捐款是因为他们生活和家庭中的私人关系，这使得慈善对他们很重要)”可知，大多数人向慈善机构捐款是因为他们受到周围人的鼓舞。故选D项。
3．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Only two per cent of respondents said they were motivated by celebrity endorsement. This seems to contradict the general assumption that teenagers are particularly influenced by famous people.(只有2%的受访者说他们受到名人代言的激励。这似乎与一般的假设相矛盾，即青少年特别容易受到名人的影响)”可知，与一般的假设相反的是，青年人几乎不会受到名人的影响，余下内容“One possible explanation is that…There is also a suspicion that…Some critics have accused that…”则主要讲述了原因，所以第三段主要讲述青少年几乎不受名人影响的原因。故选C项。
4．推理判断题。文章前面主要讲述了名人做慈善带来的切实的成果以及被夸大的现象，最后一段“So taking all these issues into account, is it time for charities to rethink their campaign strategies and look for alternative ways to reach new audiences?... This in turn will open up more engagement, and better targeted campaigns-which can only benefit those who really matter — the people and animals that are in need of assistance.(因此，考虑到所有这些问题，慈善机构是否应该重新考虑他们的竞选策略，寻找其他途径来接触新的受众？……这反过来又会促进更多的参与和更有针对性的运动——这只会让真正重要的人受益——那些需要援助的人和动物)”提出慈善机构应该多方考虑，最终目的是使得真正需要的人或动物受益。所以作者是以客观的态度来分析名人做慈善这件事。A. Objective.客观的；B. Positive.积极的；C. Negative.消极的；D. Unclear.不清楚的。故选A项。
5．A
6．A
7．C
8．B

【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了机器人Alter 3在Emirate of Sharjah指挥人类管弦乐队演出的情况，人们对此的观点和不同反应。
5．细节理解题。根据第五段“Shibuya noted that sometimes the music-leading robot can "get crazy", making it difficult for the musicians to keep up.(Shibuya指出，有时候，指挥音乐的机器人会“发疯”，让音乐家很难跟上节奏)”和倒数第二段“Shibuya said the robots and AI that exist today are "far from complete". He is interested in studying how such incomplete technology can be combined with art. (Shibuya说目前存在的机器人和人工智能“还远远不够完善”。他对研究这种不完善的技术如何与艺术结合很感兴趣)”可知，Shibuya认为Alter 3目前还不完美，还需要改进。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“"I think this is a very exciting idea…," said Anna Kovacevic. Another audience member, …said after the show, "You know, a human conductor is so much better." …he concluded on the project: "The human touch is lost."”列举的不同观众对机器人指挥人类管弦乐队发表的观点，可知这一表演引起了观众们不同的反应。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据文章后四段中“Shibuya said”，“he said”，“Shibuya added”，“said Anna Kovacevic.”，“Another audience member, who gave his name only as Billum, said”等内容可知，作者在文中只是客观引用了人们对机器人与艺术的结合的看法，并没有发表自己的观点。所以作者的态度是客观的，故选C。
8．主旨大意题。文章前三段介绍了机器人Alter 3指挥人类管弦乐队演出的情况，下文介绍了人们对此的观点和不同反应。B项Robot Conducts Human Orchestra概括了全文内容，适合作为文章标题。故选B。
9．D
10．A
11．B
12．A

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述毕业舞会的文化和起源。
9．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“It's an important aspect of American school culture because it's the last high-school dance seniors will ever attend.”（ 这是美国学校文化的一个重要方面，因为这是高年级学生最后一次参加高中舞会。）第二段“Prom entails (牵涉) countless traditions. ”（ 舞会需要无数的传统。）和第三段“The history of prom can be traced back to the last half of the 1800s.”（ 毕业舞会的历史可以追溯到19世纪后半叶。）可知这篇文章主要讲述了舞会的文化和起源，故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段“First a guy must ask a girl to go to prom with him. Most guys choose to do special prom proposals in hopes of winning the girl's heart with their creativity. Then he will rent a tuxedo (燕尾服), and the girl will often get their hair, nails and makeup done professionally. That night couples will take pictures, and then they will often take a limousine (豪华轿车) to dinner and to the dance. ”（ 首先，男生必须邀请女生和他一起去毕业舞会。大多数男生会选择做一些特别的舞会求婚，希望用他们的创造力赢得女孩的心。然后他会租一件燕尾服，女孩会经常让专业人员做头发、指甲和化妆。那天晚上，情侣们会拍照，然后他们通常会乘坐豪华轿车去吃饭和参加舞会。）可知，参加舞会的人员都很注重外表，故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据第三段“At that time, American universities and colleges organized dances each year for their graduating students. The purpose was not only to entertain the students but also to prepare them for the wider world by teaching them proper manners for men and women. ”（当时，美国的大学和学院每年都为他们的毕业生组织舞会。其目的不仅是为了使学生快乐，而且通过教导他们正确的礼仪，使他们为更广阔的世界做准备。）可知当时的毕业生舞会为不仅是为了使学生快乐，还要教导他们正确的礼仪，也就是如何在他人面前表现，故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Perhaps the most amazing prom took place in 1975, when Susan Ford, the daughter of the country's president, received permission to hold her high school's prom at the White House. So far, no other prom has managed to top that. ”（ 最令人惊叹的毕业舞会可能发生在1975年，当时美国总统的女儿苏珊·福特(Susan Ford)获准在白宫举办她的高中毕业舞会。到目前为止，还没有其他毕业舞会能超越这一水平。）根据常识可知白宫是美国政府所在地，所以40多年前曾在官方府邸举行了一场特别的舞会，故选A。
13．A
14．B
15．A
16．D

【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。介绍了Felipe Perez Santiago和Tarter女士设计了“地球计划”——号召世界各地的人们上传歌曲的片段，将这些歌曲融合成人类的集体合唱，代表地球上物种的声音被发送到太空。
13．细节理解题。根据首段最后一句“Thus, for the first time, SETI is cocking its ear towards Earth to look for a signal that can be sent into space to represent the species.”（ SETI首次向地球竖起耳朵，寻找可以送入太空的代表物种的信号。）可知，SETI寻找信号发送到太空是为了代表地球上的物种的声音。故选A项。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Since songs, like the human voices, are common to all languages and nations, he and Ms. Tarter have designed the “Earthling Project”-a call to people everywhere to upload extracts of song that he plans to melt into a collective human chorus.”（ 因为歌曲，就像人类的声音，对所有语言和国家来说都是共通的，他和塔特女士设计了“地球计划”——号召世界各地的人们上传歌曲的片段，他计划将这些歌曲融合成人类的集体合唱。）可知，地球计划打算创造一个人类的合唱。故选B项。
15．词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句“Distant beings can in theory already enjoy Peruvian panpipes, a Navajo chant, Bach, Beethoven and more.”（ 遥远的生物理论上已经可以欣赏秘鲁的排箫、纳瓦霍的圣歌、巴赫、贝多芬等。）可知，被送到太空的音乐类型很多。再根据划线词所在句的But，可以判断之前的作品没能包含人类歌曲的多样性，故由此可知划线词词义为“包含”，选A项。
16．推理判断题。根据尾段最后一句“Download the “Earthling Project" app, sing up to three songs of 30 seconds each, and your voice will be sent into the sky.”（ 下载“地球计划”应用程序，唱三首歌，每首歌30秒，你的声音就会被发送到太空中。）可知，本段的目的是邀请读者参加地球计划。故选D项。
【点睛】文章意图题目是阅读理解题里的常见题目类型，解答此类题目常常可以根据一些动词迅速得出答案，例如本文的第四题，根据文章最后一句的Download，可知是号召读者下载应用程序，进而参加地球计划。
17．D
18．D
19．A

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“未来城市竞赛”这一活动的相关内容和参加这一项目需要注意的事项。
17．细节理解题。根据第一段“Teams will design a futuristic lunar city and provide examples of how the city uses Moon resources to keep its residents safe and healthy.（团队将设计一个未来的月球城市，并提供城市如何使用月球资源，以保持其居民的安全和健康的例子。）”可知，在2021年未来城市竞赛中，学生需要利用到月球资源。故选D项。
18．细节理解题。根据What you can learn部分的“This flexible, cross-curricular(跨课程的) educational program gives students an opportunity to do the things that engineers do-identify problems: brainstorm ideas; design solutions; test, retest and build; and share their results. With this at its center, Future City is an engaging way to build students’ 21st century skills.（这种灵活的、跨课程的教育计划让学生有机会做工程师所做的事情——发现问题：头脑风暴；设计解决方案；测试、再测试和构建；并分享他们的成果。以这为中心，未来城市是培养学生21世纪技能的一种引人入胜的方式。）”可知，未来城市竞赛的核心是工程设计过程。故选D项。
19．细节理解题。根据What you need部分的第二段“Creativity, hard work, and commitment are all you need to get ahead.（创造力、努力工作和承诺是你获得成功所需要的一切。）”可知，如果想要在竞赛中获得成功，就需要富有创造力并且努力投入工作。故选A项。
20．A
21．A
22．C
23．A

【解析】这是一篇记叙文。Sora的父亲让她去农村了解乡村生活，Sora从未做过家务，她也不明白父亲让她学什么。通过与Weilun的相处，她明白了自己缺乏独立生活的能力。
20．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和第三句“Sora observed in amazement as Weilun picked up two large metal cans. They were large and were covering Weilun’s small frame.”（Sora惊讶地看着Weilun拿起两个大铁罐。它们很大，盖住了Weilun小小的身躯。）可知，Weilun的身体对这两个大铁罐来说太小了，所以Sora很惊奇。故选A。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段倒第三句和倒第二句“That was a piece of cake, she thought. So Sora refused Weilun’s offer to help.”（那是小菜一碟，她想。所以Sora拒绝了Weilun的帮助。）可知，因为Sora觉得这很简单，所以她拒绝了Weilun的帮助。故选A。
22．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Suddenly, a big bird dived from the sky when Sora placed the last piece of clothing back in the pail.”（当Sora把最后一件衣服放回桶里时，突然，一只大鸟从天上飞了下来。）和第四段第二句“Don’t tell me you rinsed (漂洗) the detergent from the clothes in the river. ”（别告诉我你在河里把衣服上的洗涤剂洗掉了。）可知，当Sora发现一只鸟飞向她时，她正在漂洗桶里的洗涤剂。故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Could you teach me all the life skills that my father had planned for me to learn?”（你能教我所有我父亲计划让我学习的生活技能吗？）可知，Sora终于明白了她无法独立生活。故选A。
24．C
25．B
26．A
27．B

【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了在家独立生活是每个老年人的理想选择。但是，跌倒或其他危害健康的事件可能会迅速改变一切。EchoCare Technologies该公司开发了ECHO（老人护理家庭观察者），这是一种基于雷达技术和机器学习的云连接显示器。该设备可以检测到跌倒，呼吸困难，溺水淹没浴缸和其他危险事件。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段“But they only work if people actually wear them and can reach the button in an emergency.”(但是，只有在人们实际佩戴它们并且在紧急情况下可以到达按钮时，它们才起作用。) 以及第四段“Zack is a co-founder, CEO and vice president of R&D at EchoCare Technologies which has developed ECHO (Elderly Care Home Observer), a cloud-connected monitor based on radar technology and machine learning.( Zack是EchoCare Technologies的联合创始人，首席执行官兼研发副总裁，该公司开发了ECHO（老人护理家庭观察者），这是一种基于雷达技术和机器学习的云连接显示器。)可知，ECH是机遇雷达技术和机器学习的云连接显示器。以及最后一段最后一句话“without the burden of wearables or privacy-invading cameras”可知，ECHO让老人不承受可穿戴设备或侵犯隐私的相机的负担。所以C项说法正确。故选C项。
25．细节理解题。根据第五段“The device detects falls, breathing difficulties, drowning in a bathtub and other dangerous events. It gives out warnings to potential health worsening conditions by continuously monitoring and analyzing the person’s location, posture（姿势）, motion and breath.”(该设备可以检测到跌倒，呼吸困难，溺水淹没浴缸和其他危险事件。通过持续监视和分析人员的位置，姿势（姿势），运动和呼吸，它可以警告潜在的健康状况恶化状况。)可知，该设备不仅仅发送警告信号，同时可以检测和分析一系列危险事件。A项说法错误。以及“ECHO was certified（认证）in 2019 in Japan with the most aging population in the world.”(ECHO于2019年在日本获得了世界上人口老龄化最多的认证（认证）。)可知，只在日本获得了认证。C项说法错误。D项文中未提及。故选B项。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段Bathrooms were the main testing area where about 17,000 deadly accidents happen annually.( 浴室是主要的测试区域，每年约发生17,000起致命事故。) 以及“Bathroom makers, home security service providers and nursing homes are highly interested in EchoCare’s solution.”(浴室制造商，家庭安全服务提供商和疗养院对EchoCare的解决方案非常感兴趣。)可知，每年在浴室会发生17000起致命的事故是，不是死亡。B项说法错误。文中提到浴室制造商，家庭安全服务商以及疗养院会感兴趣。所以C项说法错误。D项文中未提及。故选A项。
27．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Independent living at home is the ideal for every aging person. But a fall or other health-threatening incidents can change everything rapidly.”( 在家独立生活是每个老年人的理想选择。但是，跌倒或其他危害健康的事件可能会迅速改变一切。)以及第四段“Zack is a co-founder, CEO and vice president of R&D at EchoCare Technologies which has developed ECHO (Elderly Care Home Observer), a cloud-connected monitor based on radar technology and machine learning.( Zack是EchoCare Technologies的联合创始人，首席执行官兼研发副总裁，该公司开发了ECHO（老人护理家庭观察者），这是一种基于雷达技术和机器学习的云连接显示器。)可知，本文主要介绍了ECHO，这是一种基于雷达技术和机器学习的云连接显示器，旨在监测老人的安全。故选B项。
28．C
29．A
30．D
31．D

【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章阐述了作者关于“天赋”的观点，认为天赋并不是天生的，而是可以通过练习与提能、热情与激情、伴随天才左右三个方面来创造出“天赋”。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is, in fact, very likely that if some of us “talented ones” had actually been practicing and improving our skill, we would have achieved a whole different level.”（事实上，如果我们中的一些“有才华的人”实际上一直在练习和提高我们的技能，我们很可能已经达到了一个完全不同的水平。）可知，练习有助于天赋才能。故选C项。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As Remus Badea said, desire for the musician-to-be is significant for them to be successful.”（正如Remus Badea所说，对未来音乐家的渴望对他们的成功具有重要意义。）可知，渴望（即热情）是很重要的。故选A项。
30．推理判断题。最后一段提到音频制作人和艺术家的关系是为了验证作者关于天赋的第三个观点，即前面提到的“having talent around you”和“The more talented people in the group, the more talented the group is as a whole”，进一步展示了和有才能的人在一起的好处(即自己也会变得更好)。故选D项。
31．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Before I start, I’d like to say that one thing everyone agrees on is that the most skilled musicians have worked hard to get there.”（在我开始之前，我想说的是每个人都同意的一件事是，最熟练的音乐家已经努力工作到达那里。）可推知，作者赞同音乐家是通过努力创造出来的，而不是天生的，故选D项。
32．B
33．C
34．D
35．A

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位热心的年轻女士在遇到一位年迈的靠卖玉米粉蒸肉维持生计的老人后，决定通过网络募捐来帮助这位老人的故事。
32．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“In order to keep himself out of debt, he started to sell tamales cooked by a local woman.(为了不欠债，他开始售卖由一位当地的女人制作的玉米粉蒸肉)”可知， Don Joel是为了维持生计才去卖玉米粉蒸肉的。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句“She made an appeal to her followers on Instagram for some assistance. Within a week, friends and strangers flooded her with more than $84000 in donations.(她在Instagram上向她的粉丝请求帮助。不到一周，朋友和陌生人就向她捐赠了超过84000美元)”及倒数第二段内容可知，Kenia通过在Instagram上为 Don Joel筹集捐款进而改善了Don Joel艰苦的生活。故选C。
34．推理判断题。通读全文尤其是最后一段最后一句“Her goal in life is to establish a homeless shelter.(她的人生目标是建立一个无家可归者收容所)”可知，Kenia不仅帮助 Don Joel提升了生活质量，她还想专门为无家可归的人们建立一个收容所。由此可推知，她是一个想要做更多慈善（工作）的善良女性。故选D。
35．推理判断题。通读全文尤其是倒数第二段最后一句“He describes the generosity as ‘life-changing’.(他将这种慷慨描述为“改变生活的”)”及最后一段第一句“Kenia feels exactly the same way.(Kenia也有同样的感觉)”可知，Kenia Barragan在帮助他人的同时感觉自己的生活也发生了改变。由此可推知，文章旨在告诉我们，赠人玫瑰，手有余香。故选A。
36．C
37．C
38．B
39．D

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了第一批抗衰老药物已经开始在人体上进行试验。
36．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“These drugs won't let you live longer but aim to treat specific illnesses by slowing a fundamental process of aging.（这些药物不会让你活得更久，但目的是通过减缓基本衰老过程来治疗特定疾病。）”可知，研究人员研发这些药物是为了治疗与年龄相关的疾病。故选C。
37．词义猜测题。根据上文“The drugs are called senolytics- they work by removing certain cells that accumulate as we age.（这些药物被称为衰老解药——它们通过清除某些随着我们年龄增长而积累的细胞发挥作用。）”可推知，此处表示“它们被称为“衰老”细胞”，senescent意为“衰老的”。故选C。
38．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“In June, San Francisco - based Unity Biotechnology reported initial results in patients with mild to severe osteoarthritis of the knee.（今年6月，总部位于旧金山的Unity生物技术公司报告了轻度至重度膝关节骨关节炎患者的初步结果。）”、文章第五段“A company called Alkahest injects patients with components found in young people's blood and says it hopes to stop conscious and functional decline in patients suffering from mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease.（一家名为Alkahest的公司向患者注射在年轻人血液中发现的成分，并表示希望阻止轻度至中度阿尔茨海默氏症患者的意识和功能下降。）”以及文章第六段“And in December, researchers at Drexel University College of Medicine even tried to see if a cream including the immune-suppressing drug could slow aging in human skin.（去年12月，德雷塞尔大学医学院的研究人员甚至试图研究一种含有免疫抑制药物的护肤霜是否能减缓人类皮肤的衰老。）”可知，文章通过列举一系列研究的细节来组织和发展的。故选B。
39．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The first wave of a new class of anti-aging drugs have begun human testing.（第一批抗衰老药物已经开始在人体上进行试验。）”可知，文章主要介绍了这些抗衰老药物的相关研究。由此可推知，文章可能来自一本杂志。故选D。
40．C
41．B
42．D
43．C

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在新冠疫情期间上网课时，Cynthia通过电话帮助孙女询问关于网络技术方面的问题。老师Julia通过Cynthia的声音判断出她有些不对劲，并且及时联系了校长Charlie，校长判断出她得了中风，并及时送往了医院。
40．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“One September afternoon, she received a call from and Cynthia, who was having technical difficulties with her granddaughter's tools for online learning.（九月的一个下午，她接到了Cynthia的电话，她孙女的在线学习工具有技术问题。）”可知，Cynthia打电话是因缺乏一定的技术知识而寻求帮助。故选C项。
41．词义猜测题。通过画线词后面“that Julia could barely understand her（Julia几乎听不懂Cynthia说的话）”可推知，画线词jumbled意为“不清楚的、不完全明白的”。故选B项。
42．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“He suspected she might be having a stroke he recognized the signs from when his own father had suffered one.（他怀疑她可能中风了——他认出了他父亲遭受痛苦时的症状。）”可知，Charlie通过他父亲中风时的症状对比Cynthia的症状，推测她得了中风。故选D项。
43．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Virtual learning has been a challenge across the country, but it's fair to say that it has helped the community grow closer.（虚拟学习在全国范围内都是一种挑战，但公平的说，它帮助社区变得更加紧密。）”可推知，作者认为虚拟学习带来的好处多于挑战。故选C项。
44．C
45．A
46．D
47．A

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍在小时候从母亲那里学到的恻隐之心和认同之情的孩子比同龄人更慷慨。
44．细节理解题。由第一段“Young children who have experienced compassionate (有同情心的) love and empathy (认同感) from their mothers may be more willing to turn thoughts into action by being generous to others, a University of California, Davis’ study suggests.”（加州大学戴维斯分校的一项研究表明，那些经历过母亲慈悲之爱和同情心的孩子，可能更愿意通过慷慨对待他人，将想法转化为行动。）可知，早期受到母亲关爱的孩子后期往往变得更加慷慨。选项C与文意相符，故选C。
45．主旨大意题。通读第二段内容可知，该段介绍了对74名学龄前儿童进行的试验。首先在实验室针对两种情况对他们进行模仿测试，两年后又对这些母子的行为和反应进行分析。说明本段介绍的是研究的过程。选项A与文意相符，故选A。
46．细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Hastings suggested that “being in a calmer state after sharing could reinforce the generous behavior that produced that good feeling.”（Hastings认为，“分享后处于更平静的状态可以加强产生那种良好感觉的慷慨行为”）可知，分享后更平静的状态可以加强慷慨行为，选项D与文意相符，故选D。
47．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“Young children who have experienced...generous to others, a University of California, Davis’ study suggests.”（加州大学戴维斯分校的一项研究表明，那些经历过母亲慈悲之爱和同情心的孩子，可能更愿意通过慷慨对待他人，将想法转化为行动。）可知，文章介绍的是小时候从母亲那里学到的恻隐之心和认同之情的孩子比同龄人更慷慨。选项A与文意相符，故选A。
48．C
49．D
50．B
51．A

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一个可让全球网民上网买卖物品的线上拍卖及购物网站eBay，以及如何进行买卖的技巧等。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Nearly everyone knows eBay is a website where you can buy and sell pretty much anything.”（几乎所有人都知道eBay是个网站，你可以买卖任何东西。）及“Buyers come to eBay for the best chance of finding the particular thing they want. Sellers come for the largest                    pool of buyers, which they hope means the best chance of selling at the highest possible price.”（买家来 eBay 是为了找到他们想要的东西。卖家的目标是最大的买家群体，他们希望这意味着最有可能以最高价格卖出的机会。）可知，eBay是人们买卖物品的最佳网站是因为在eBay，买卖双方都能成交，选项C与文意相符，故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段“Buying things on eBay is pretty simple. You can type a term into the search field, or click through the categories list to get to what you want. ”（在 eBay 上买东西很简单。您可以在搜索字段中键入术语，或者通过单击类别列表来获得所需的内容。）可知，如果你要在网站买东西，你需要在分类列表中找到你想要的或在搜索栏键入你需要的东西。选项D与文意相符，故选D。
3.细节理解题。根据第二段“ If your bid is the highest, you win! Now all you have to do is arrange payment and shipping method with the seller.”（如果你的出价最高，你就赢了！现在你所要做的就是与卖方安排付款和装运方式。）可知，在你获胜之后，你需要的是安排支付和装运的方式。选项B与文意相符，故选B。
4.主旨大意题。根据最后一段第一句“To be a skillful eBay buyer, you should learn when to trust sellers and how a proxy (代理人) bid can save you from going online every half-hour to up your bid. ”（要成为一个熟练的 eBay 买家，你应该学会什么时候信任卖家，以及代理出价如何能让你省去每半小时上网一次的麻烦。）可知，本段主要谈论如何成为一个熟练的买主，选项A与文意相符，故选A。
52．A
53．D
54．B
55．B

【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人工智能在许多行业和网上购物中变得越来越普遍。科学家正在研究在卡车的商业管理中，人工智能的使用效率有多高，并通过实验得出结论——人与人工智能并存效率最高。
52．细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Scientists at the University of Göttingen have now investigated how efficient (高效的) the use of AI can be in the commercial management of trucks.”（哥廷根大学的科学家已经开始调查在卡车的商业管理中，人工智能的使用效率有多高）和第二段最后一句“The question in the commercial area, however, is whether or not this contributes to achieving goals.”（然而，在商业领域中的问题是这是不是有助于实现目标）以及第三段第一句“To answer this question, the researchers compared the work efficiency of truck drivers with their main use of AI applications.”（为了回答这个问题，研究人员将卡车司机的工作效率与人工智能的主要应用进行了比较）可知，Matthias Klumpp教授主要关注的是人工智能的效率。故选A。
53．细节理解题。根据第三段“Looking at trade delivery by truck, they studied three groups: the first drove completely following human decision-making models; the second used a combination of human and machine; and the third depended completely on fully automated decisions.”（观察用卡车运送货物，他们研究了三组：第一组完全按照人类的决定的模式来运送，第二组用人类和机器的组合模式，第三组完全自动化的模式）可知，研究人员通过分三组实验来研究。故选D。
54．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The researchers found that an intelligent combination of human work and decision-making abilities with AI applications promises the highest transport and driving efficiency”（研究人员发现人类工作和决策能力与人工智能应用的智能结合有着最高的运输和驾驶效率）可知，人与人工智能并存效率最高，所以需要人类和人工智能之间的平衡。故选B。
55．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The use of AI (artificial intelligence) is becoming more common in many branches of industry and online shopping.”（人工智能在许多行业和网上购物中变得越来越普遍）最后一句“Scientists at the University of Göttingen have now investigated how efficient (高效的) the use of AI can be in the commercial management of trucks.”（哥廷根大学的科学家已经开始调查在卡车的商业管理中，人工智能的使用效率有多高）引出要谈论的话题，以及之后引出的实验——对比人和人工智能当司机的效率，最好一段得出结论，人与人工智能并存效率最高，可知，文章最好的标题“人工智能作为共同的司机”，凸显文章主旨。故选B。
56．C
57．B
58．B
59．D

【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了Tomova和她的同事通过研究，发现“饥饿的大脑渴望食物和孤独的大脑渴望与人的交往”这一行为背后的大脑机制。
56．细节理解题。根据第二自然段“After both days, Tomova and her colleagues put the people in a MRI machine. It shows activity in the brain by tracking how much blood is flowing to each region. (两天之后，Tomova和她的同事们对这些人进行了核磁共振检查。它通过追踪流向每个区域的血液量来显示大脑的活动)”可知，Tomova用核磁共振监测大脑活动的方式来进行研究。故选C项。
57．细节理解题。根据四第自然段“The midbrain plays an important part in people's motivation to seek food or friends. (中脑在人们寻求食物或朋友的动机中扮演着重要的角色)”可知，中脑与人寻找食物的动机有关。故选B项。
58．词句猜测题。根据第三自然段“After the volunteers had been isolated, those brain areas became active when they saw social activities they missed. It might be playing sports or chatting with friends. (在志愿者被隔离后，当他们看到自己错过的社交活动时，这些大脑区域就会变得活跃。可能是做运动或和朋友聊天)”可知，代词It指代的是前文中让大脑会变得活跃的social activities之一。故选B项。
59．主旨大意题。根据第一自然段段首句“Just as a hungry brain craves (渴望) food, a lonely brain craves people. (就像饥饿的大脑渴望食物一样，孤独的大脑渴望人)”和下文的实验介绍与理论分析可知，本文主要讲，饥饿让大脑渴望食物，孤独让大脑渴望与人的交往这一人类行为和其背后的大脑机制。故选D项。
60．D
61．B
62．A

【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本不同内容的书，包括历史、科学、探索和人物。
60．细节理解题。由You Never Forget Your First: A Biography of George Washington部分中“historian Alexis Coe explores lesser-known aspects of Washington’s life, from his interest in animal husbandry(畜牧业) to his role as a father figure.(历史学家Alexis Coe探索华盛顿生活中鲜为人知的方方面面，从他的兴趣——畜牧业到他作为父亲的角色。)”可知，该书内容介绍的是华盛顿生活中鲜为人知的方面。故选D项。
61．细节理解题。由All We Can Save: Truth, Courage, and Solutions for the Climate Crisis部分中“The collection, All We Can Save, showcases a diverse range of experts, all working to tackle climate issues in powerful ways.(All We Can Save一书展示了各种各样的专家，他们都以强有力的方式致力于解决气候问题。)”可知，All We Can Save是关于专家如何采用强有力的措施解决气候问题的书，如果你想了解关于气候问题的话题，可以读这本书。故选B项。
62．细节理解题。由Feasting Wild: In Search of the Last Untamed Food部分中“Gina Rae La Cerva travels the globe in search of some of the planet’s last truly wild foods.( Gina Rae La Cerva在全球旅行，寻找一些地球上最后真正的野生食物。)”及The Man Who Ate Too Much: The Life of James Beard部分中“…examining the cook’s use of coded language in early cookbooks. The language itself is as rich as Beard’s fried chicken. (检查这位厨师在早期烹饪书籍中使用编码语言的情况。这本书本身就像Beard的炸鸡一样丰富。)”可知，Feasting Wild 和 The Man Who Ate Too Much 两本书都提到了食物。故选A项。
63．C
64．A
65．A
66．D

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者一直锻炼保持自己年轻的心态，但看到周围朋友的经历，作者觉得应该正视变老这个事实，做出一些小的改变来适应衰老。
63．推理判断题。根据第一段的“At 88, I remain a competitive runner. The finish line of my life is drawing close, and I hope to reach it having given the best of myself along the way. I’ve been training my body to meet the demands of this final stretch.（88岁时，我仍然是一个有竞争力的跑步者。我生命的终点线就要接近了，我希望一路上尽我所能到达终点。我一直在训练我的身体，以满足最后一次拉伸的需要。）”可知，虽然作者依然是一个有竞争力的跑步者，但他已经步入老年。结合问句“But, I wonder, should I have asked more of my mind?（但是，我在想我应该多问问我的大脑吗？）”可推知，该问题暗示着作者认为自己应该为变老做好思想准备。故选C。
64．细节理解题。根据第四段的“One such friend recently called from a hospital to tell me a sudden brain disease had made him legally blind. He interrupted me as I began telling him how terribly sorry I was: “Bob, it could have been worse. I could have become dead instead of blind.”（一位这样的朋友最近从医院打来电话告诉我，一场突发的脑部疾病使他在法律上失明。我开始告诉他我有多么抱歉，他打断了我的话：“鲍勃，情况原本可能更糟。我本来会死而不是失明。”）”可知，作者的一位朋友接受了自己身体上的疾病，认为没死就已经很好了。故选A。
65．细节理解题。根据第六段的“But rather than undertaking a fundamental change in the way I face aging. I felt the place to begin would be to start small. A recent lunch provided a perfect example. （但我没有从根本上改变我面对衰老的方式。我觉得应该从小事做起。最近的一次午餐就是一个很好的例子。）”可知，最近的一次午餐让作者意识到他可以通过做出小的改变来应对衰老。故选A。
66．主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段“At 88, I remain a competitive runner. The finish line of my life is drawing close, and I hope to reach it having given the best of myself along the way. I’ve been training my body to meet the demands of this final stretch.（88岁时，我仍然是一个有竞争力的跑步者。我生命的终点线就要接近了，我希望一路上尽我所能到达终点。我一直在训练我的身体，以满足最后一次拉伸的需要。）”，第三段“Some of my healthiest friends carry themselves as victims abused by time. Other friends, many, whose aching knees and hips are the least of their physical problems,（我的一些最健康的朋友成了时间的受害者（因年龄大了而生病）。其他的朋友，很多人，膝盖和臀部的疼痛是他们身体问题中最小的）”和第六段的“But rather than undertaking a fundamental change in the way I face aging. I felt the place to begin would be to start small. （但我没有从根本上改变我面对衰老的方式。我觉得应该从小事做起。）”可知，文章主要讲述作者一直锻炼保持自己年轻的心态，但看到周围朋友的经历（病痛），作者觉得应该正视变老这个事实，做出一些小的改变来适应衰老。故“应对年老的秘诀”可以作为本文标题。故选D。
67．A
68．C
69．D
70．B

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了10岁时，海莉·阿尔西诺在圣裘德做了一个膝盖置换手术，在左腿上植入了一块金属。她仍然一瘸一拐的，腿偶尔疼痛。海莉·阿尔西诺战胜了骨癌，她认为通过太空探索技术公司的第一次私人飞行进入轨道根本不是问题。圣犹大儿童研究医院宣布，这位29岁医生的助手将于今年晚些时候飞入太空，此次太空飞行的目的就是为慈善机构筹集资金。
67．细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“the 29-year-old doctor's assistant（这位29岁医生的助手）”以及第二段开头的“Arceneaux, a former patient at St.Jude（阿尔西诺以前是圣犹大医院的病人）”可知她在以前住院的地方工作。 故选A项。
68．细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“After beating bone cancer, Hayley Arceneaux thinks rocketing into orbit on SpaceX’s first private flight should be no problem at all.（海莉·阿尔西诺战胜了骨癌，她认为通过太空探索技术公司的第一次私人飞行进入轨道根本不是问题。）”可知，她是在战胜骨癌之后进入太空的，我们还可判断出疾病in该是在做手术之前，所以选项b应该是在选项d之前；再根据第五段前两句“Arceneaux was at home in Memphis, Tennessee, when she got a surprising call in January. She was asked if she would represent St. Jude in space.（今年1月，阿塞诺在田纳西州孟菲斯的家中接到了一个令人惊讶的电话。她被问及是否愿意在太空中代表圣犹大。）”可知，她是接到电话之后被问是否愿意进入太空在飞向太空的，可判断出选项a在选项c之前。故选C项。
69．推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容第二句“ She will travel with businessman Jared Isaacman, who is using the spaceflight he bought to raise money for charity. （她将和商人贾里德·艾萨克曼一起旅行，艾萨克曼将利用他购买的太空飞船为慈善机构筹集资金。）”以及根据第四段第一句“Isaacman announced his space flight on February 1, promising to raise $200 million for St. Jude. （艾萨克曼于2月1日宣布了他的太空计划，并承诺为圣犹大筹集2亿美元。）”可知，此次太空飞行的目的就是为慈善机构筹集资金。故选D项。
70．推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“After beating bone cancer, Hayley Arceneaux thinks rocketing into orbit on SpaceX’s first private flight should be no problem at all.（海莉·阿尔西诺战胜了骨癌，她认为通过太空探索技术公司的第一次私人飞行进入轨道根本不是问题。）”，第二段第二句“ She will travel with businessman Jared Isaacman, who is using the spaceflight he bought to raise money for charity. （她将和商人贾里德·艾萨克曼一起旅行，艾萨克曼将利用他购买的太空飞船为慈善机构筹集资金。）”以及根据第二段最后两句“When she was 10, Arceneaux had an operation at St. Jude to replace her knee and a piece of metal was put in her left leg. She still limps and has occasional leg pain.（10岁时，阿西尔诺在圣裘德做了一个膝盖置换手术，在左腿上植入了一块金属。她仍然一瘸一拐的，腿偶尔疼痛。）”可知做慈善说明她是个很有爱心，会关心他人的人，带着病痛依然积极面对现在的生活说明她是一个乐观的人。故选B项。
71．D
72．D
73．A
74．C

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人们通常认为《蒙娜丽莎》画像中的女性无论站在房间的哪个角落，似乎娜丽莎总像是在注视着画外人。但事实证明，这种常识是错误的。为什么人们总是认为她的眼睛会跟着观众走呢？Horstmann并不确定。有可能是人们有被注视的欲望。
71．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It’s common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci’s most famous painting seems to look back at viewers, following them with her eyes no matter where they are in the room.(众所周知，列奥纳多•达•芬奇最著名的画作中的女人，无论站在房间的哪个角落，似乎娜丽莎总像是在注视着画外人，用她的眼睛跟随他们)”可知，人们普遍认为，无论站在哪里，画作《蒙娜丽莎》中的女人都会看着画外人。故选D。
72．推理判断题。根据第三段的“As long as the angle of the person’s gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the Mona Lisa effect occurs. (只要这个人凝视的视角在任何两边不超过5度，那么蒙娜丽莎的效应就会发生)”可推断，新研究发现“蒙达丽莎效应”不只是发生在蒙娜丽莎身上。故选D。
73．推理判断题。根据第五段中“To make sure it wasn’t just him, the researchers gathered 24 people to view images of the “Mona Lisa” on a computer screen. (为了确保不仅仅是他，研究人员聚集了24个人在电脑屏幕上观看“蒙娜丽莎”的图像)”可知，为了证实霍斯曼的看法，对24个人进行了调查。故选 A。
74．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It’s possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them. (他说，很可能是人们有被注视的渴望，所以他们认为这个女人在看着他们)”可知，大多数人觉得蒙娜丽莎看着自己，其实都是自己的错觉。故选C。
75．B
76．C
77．D

【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述电影《流浪地球》是中国第一部关于太空的科幻电影，也反映出中国日益增长的经济实力和国际团队协作。
75．推理判断题。根据文章中“The country’s first blockbuster (大片) set in space, The Wandering Earth, opened in February amid high expectations that it would represent the beginning of a new era in Chinese filmmaking.(这个国家的第一个以太空为背景的大片《流浪地球》，2月份上映，期望值很高，它代表中国电影制造业的新纪元的开端)”可知，《流浪地球》的成功标志着中国电影制作业的新高度。故选B。
76．细节理解题。根据文章“The popularity of Liu’s novels could help. So could the fact that China has reached a milestone in space: the landing of a probe (航天探测器) on the far side of the moon in January.(刘慈欣的小说的流行起了作用。中国在太空领域达到了一个里程碑：航天探测器1月份在月球另一边的成功着陆的事实也起了重要作用)”可知，流浪地球的成功是由于刘的小说的流行，中国在太空探索上的进步。故选C。
77．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“China was a latecomer to space exploration, and in the movies, it has been a latecomer to science fiction. That has probably changed.(中国是太空探索的后来者，在电影中，它也是科幻小说类电影的后来者。这种情况很可能已经发生改变)”，之后引出了电影《流浪地球》，并讲述该电影成功以及与太空探索的联系，以及对未来的期待。所以全文主要讲述中国的电影工业最终加入了太空竞赛。故选D。