2023届高考英语二轮复习北京高考英语阅读表达专项训练作业含答案

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习北京高考英语阅读表达专项训练作业含答案，共30页。
阅读表达
The last thing I wanted to hear when my government-sponsored scholarship was withdrawn during my final year of college was: "Things are working out for your own good. Just give them some time." Those words just stirred a lot of anger in me.
Then I read the story of the Chinese bamboo farmer, which gave me a different view on life. The seed of the Chinese bamboo is planted in the ground like every seed. It is watered, and fed with nutrients daily, but it shows no immediate physical response and doesn't appear to grow. The farmer continues to water and feed the seed in year one, year two, and year three. No growth is seen until the fourth year, when the seed finally breaks through the ground. Then, in the space of just five weeks, it grows ninety feet tall. The Chinese bamboo grows to its full capacity within 5 years.
Despite not seeing an immediate result, the farmer had trust in what he was doing. He continued to water and feed the plant for four years, because he believed that if he played his own role and did all that a farmer was supposed to do, then he would be given his reward at the right time. That trust and patience is what kept the farmer persistently feeding his seed for four years before enjoying the reward in the end.
Life is not always straightforward. Most often, it's not a matter of 5+5 =10 (Sum 1).
Life can be more like 2+1+2+0+0+0+1+2+0+0+1 + 1=10 (Sum 2).
Both sums lead to the same result, but through quite different paths and processes. To be mature is to accept that things might look rough right now but the story can still have a great ending.
We might live in a microwave generation where everything seems to happen instantly; but many things still obey the laws of nature. Just doing what you are supposed to be doing, having patience like the Chinese bamboo farmer, and trusting that things will work out for you can help you get through the toughest times.
1．What happened to the author in the final year of college?
2．How does the Chinese bamboo grow in the fourth year?
3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
To overcome difficulties, we need to trust that things will work out and simply wait patiently for the great ending to come.
4．Which is your life more like, Sum 1 or Sum 2? Explain why. (about 40 words)

Scientists have designed transparent wood that could replace conventional glass in windows.
The innovation was developed using wood from the balsa tree in South and Central America, which claims to be five times more thermally (保温地) efficient than glass. The team treated balsa wood in an oxidizing（氧化） bath that makes it nearly visible and then allows the light to pass through it with a synthetic polymer called polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) - creating a product that is virtually transparent.
Unlike traditional glass, the transparent wood can stand much stronger force and will bend when damaged, instead of crashing.
The transparent wood was created by teams at the University of Maryland and University of Colorado, which set out to find a greener alternative to conventional glass.
Along with contributing to greenhouse gases, glass contributes to a loss of energy.
Residential building windows in particular account for 10–25% of the heat loss due to their poor thermal management capability. Exploring energy efficient window materials is thus highly desirable to address heating costs, energy shortages, and the global impact of climate change associated with increased carbon emissions(碳排放). The bonding between PVA and cellulose (纤维素)in the wood, creates a tightly packed structure that allows for more thermal protection and makes it more lasting and lighter than glass.
Switching to transparent wood could prove to be cost efficient as well. It is approximately five times more thermally efficient than glass, cutting energy costs. It is made from a sustainable, renewable resource with low carbon emissions. It’s also harmonious with existing industrial processing equipment, making the transition into manufacturing an easy prospect.
5．What is ‘transparent wood’ made from according to the passage?
6．Please paraphrase the underlined sentence in your own words.
7．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Traditional glass is often used for residential building windows because its thermal management capability is higher than that of transparent wood.
8．Please briefly present the advantages of transparent wood over traditional glass (about 40 words).

阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Kobe Bryant wasn’t the first NBA player to visit China. But he was the first player to help China grow into a basketball-crazed nation.
Kobe’s first visit was in 1998, and in conducting basketball clinics, doing business and participating in charity, he was warmly welcomed in the basketball-loving country. Once, nearly 15,000 people showed up at 9 am for an event at which Kobe was scheduled to appear at 4 pm.
USA Basketball chairman Jerry Colangelo saw firsthand Kobe’s popularity during Kobe’s time with Team USA at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, when as captain he led the team to a gold medal. “There were tens of thousands of people on the streets, yelling, ‘Kobe! Kobe!’ It was unbelievable, just unbelievable,” Colangelo said.
“It’s harder for me to walk around here than in the United States,” Kobe once told reporters in China in 2013. “It’s uncontrollable. Fans rush you and surround you, and it gets to the point where you can’t go out.”
His last visit was in August last year for the 2019 FIBA World Cup. He told reporters, “I watched the country develop from the ground up. I watched Beijing grow. I watched the passion for the game develop. My goal is to develop the country’s basketball to a level where they can compete with the best basketball countries in the world,” Kobe said.
Kobe was and perhaps remains China’s favourite NBA player, and fans in the country were shocked by his death in a helicopter crash in January this year. Tencent, the NBA’s digital partner in China, posted a memorial page that drew more than five million visitors in less than five days.
Just two days before Kobe died, he posted a short video on the Chinese micro-blogging site Weibo, wishing Chinese fans a happy new year. How sorrowful his fans are when they watch the video again!
9．Apart from being an excellent NBA players, what else makes Kobe Bryant special to Chinese fans?
10．What does the author want to prove, telling us what Jerry Colangelo saw at the 2008 Beijing Olympics?
11．What made Kobe Bryant confident that China’s basketball can be one of the best in the world?
12．How do you find Kobe Bryant? Please give your reason.

阅读下面短文和问题，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
Mobile Translators
Not that long ago, portable(便携的) translation devices were only commonplace in works of science fiction. Travelers who headed to foreign countries took dictionaries or phrasebooks with them. But now people can access instant translation services almost anywhere they go.
Online translations are free, and when you use translation apps like Google Translate or iTranslate, sometimes you don’t even have to look things up! Just point your phone’s camera at some text, and a translation instantly appears. If you want to translate something being said aloud, just turn on your phone’s microphone. Some apps even have a conversation mode where you take turns speaking with someone in a different language.
Translation apps make foreign travel much easier than before. They are valuable when it comes to communicating with taxi drivers or hotel staff who don’t speak your language. But these apps are far from perfect. Sometimes a translation makes no sense, and you can only guess what it mainly means. Other times, you might not know that the translation has failed until you try it on a native speaker.
Although these apps are not perfect, you’ll still feel surprised when considering what’s happening underneath the app’s surface. You might not appreciate how advanced modern translation systems are! Translators use machine learning to compare millions of examples of human translated texts. That information helps the program reproduce more natural sounding translations based on real-world examples. People can flag incorrect or unhelpful translations and suggest better ones. This input is then used to make future translations better.
With programs like Google Translate, it can be hard to get good translations for single words because most words have multiple meanings. It’s better to try short sentences that provide context instead. But make the sentence straightforward. Anything too complicated or idiomatic will likely produce unusual results.
As people continue to use translation services, translations will improve. One day you might not have to worry about a poor translation causing an embarrassing misunderstanding. But used wisely, they are still excellent aids for exploring and understanding the world around you.
13．How do the translation apps make foreign travel easier than before?
14．Please explain the underlined sentence in your own words.
15．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Mobile translators use machine to process words, so the author worries about the efficient application of the translators in the future.
16．Please briefly write out what benefits mobile translators bring to you. (about 40 words)

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
The Red Fox
The first time ever I saw you, you were so little and your face was so special, that I couldn't even take a picture. You looked almost like some kind of new, unknown species. You looked funny and far beyond cute.
I soon discovered that not only did you look different, you actually were different. While your siblings wisely kept some distance from this unknown human being, you just bravely walked right past my feet. And I noticed you were even smaller than I had assumed.
I sat alone near your den for hours and hours. When you and your little brother and sister were small, it seemed to rain continuously and it was way too cold for that time of the year. Everything was dirty, cold and wet. Many of these hours, I truly wondered what on earth I was doing there. Until you suddenly showed up, out of the blue. In my memory, it stopped raining immediately and the sun came through.
You were still a baby fox that needed a lot of sleep. You rolled up in a clump of grass, closed your eyes and slept. And I could keep watch. When it rained, your hair used to curl and that was another part of you that was different. Foxes coats don’t curl at all, but yours did, which made you look like a little rat.
Although you remained smaller than the rest of the pack, you did grow up to be an energetic fox kit. You were doing just fine! Your mother had never been the greatest huntress. Fortunately, she kept on feeding you, although not always so warmly.
But you, the smallest of the pack, you made it!
For months and months I enjoyed watching you grow up to gradually take the shape of a real fox. A bit of a strange fox, with your too long nose and misshapen teeth, but for me you were the most beautiful fox ever. It’s wonderful to be allowed to follow all of this so closely. You were great. Thank you, super fox.
17．Why did the author think the fox’s fur different?
18．Please paraphrase the underlined sentence.
19．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
The writer did not like the fox when it grew up because it looked strange.
20．Please write one of your experiences with animals.

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Two hundred years ago, a device began to dominate the world of work—the clock. With its arrival, people were paid on the basis of how many hours they worked, rather than their material output, and were required by the owner to turn up for a set shift.
The clock’s authoritarian rule may at last be weakening. Working remotely has brought a greater degree of freedom. A survey across six countries found that flexible working was viewed very positively, improving both people’s work-life balance and productivity. Flexible workers even scored more highly on a sense of “belonging” to their organization than those on a nine-to-five schedule.
It is hardly surprising that workers prefer flexibility. Working a rigid eight-hour schedule is incredibly restricting. Those are also the hours when most shops are open, when doctors and dentists will take appointments, and when repairmen are willing to visit. Parents on a conventional routine may be able to take their children to school in the morning but are unlikely to be able to pick them up in the afternoon. Many families find themselves constantly struggling with schedules and giving up precious holiday time to deal with domestic emergencies.
On reflection, it is not too shocking that home-workers feel they are more productive. After all, few people have the ability to concentrate solidly for eight hours at a stretch. There are points in the day where people want to stare out of the window or go for a walk; these may be moments when they find inspiration or recharge themselves for the next task. When they do this in an office, they risk the boss’s disapproval; at home, they can work when they are most motivated.
Of course, working remotely carries dangers: people may lose all separation between work and home life, and are likely to be stressed. To inject some human contact, companies may embrace a mixed model in which workers go into the office for part of the week. But overall, office-workers’ freedom from time restrictions is to be welcomed. The clock was a cruel master and many people will be happy to escape its dominion.
21．What decided the workers’ pay after the clock appeared?
22．Please paraphrase the underlined sentence in your own words.
23．Please decide which part of the following statement is false, then underline it and explain why.
Working remotely is viewed positively because it brings lots of benefits and it is perfect.
24．As a student, what do you think of remote learning? (about 40 words)

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
“One person’s trash is another person’s treasure.” That’s a common expression, but the next time you throw something away, think about a twist on the old saying. What if your trash could become your own treasure? Many creative, thrifty, and environmentally minded people have come up with a way to make that happen. It’s called upcycling. Our world would be a better place if everyone would begin upcycling.
Upcycling is the practice of taking an unwanted item and turning it into something useful. For example, how about that pair of jeans with a hole in one knee? It could become a new pillow for your bedroom. How about the old T-shirts you never wear anymore? It could be sewed together to make a picnic blanket. All of these are examples of upcycling.
Upcycling is not the same as recycling. Upcycling is actually much better for the environment. Recycling takes an item made of glass, paper, metal, or plastic, breaks it down to its base material, and then uses that material to make another product. This requires a great deal of energy. On the other hand, when you choose to upcycle, the only energy you use is your own. And upcycling not only reduces the amount of trash that goes into our landfills, but it also protects natural resources, such as oil and gas. Recycling is good for the environment, but upcycling is even better.
Upcycling also makes a family’s budget stretch further. Before you run to the store to buy something, look around your house. Old teacups can be transformed into candles. And an old ladder can even become a bookshelf. Of course, the idea of reusing items to save money is not new. During the Great Depression in the 1930s, many families lived on a tight budget. People had to use what they already had in order to meet their needs. Flour sacks were used to make clothes, and a broken door became a new table. Today we should follow the examples of our great-grandparents and save money by upcycling.
As responsible citizens, we should all be concerned with protecting our environment and budgeting our resources. Upcycling is a fun and creative way to help. The next time you go to toss something into the trash can, stop and think about what it could become. Chances are, there’s a brand-new item in your hand just waiting to be upcycled.
25．What is upcycling according to the passage?
26．Why is upcycling much better for the environment than recycling?
27．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean?
28．The Spring Festival is coming. Figure out one thing to upcycle. Explain what you will do with it and how it will help with the celebration of the festival. (about 40 words)

Is Your Memory Online?
If you are trying to find out who invented the microscope, do you ask a friend, go to the library, or look it up online? These days, most people will look it up online with a quick Internet search. “Just Google it”, people say, using the name of the popular Internet search engine. As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remembering less? If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory? Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.
In recent study, psychologist Betsy Sparrow of Columbia University conducted some experiments. She and her team wanted to know how the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.
In the second experiment, the researchers gave people facts to remember. In addition, the researchers told them where to find the information on the computer. The information was in a specific computer folder. Surprisingly, people later remembered the folder location better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather they remember how to find it.
This is called “transactive memory”. We remember where to find the information, but we don’t remember the information. Before the Internet, we used transactive memory to remember which person or book had the information we needed. Now, we just have to remember where it is stored on the Internet.
According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, we are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that we are able to access it at a later date. This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.
29．Why did Sparrow and her team make the experiments?
30．What was the result of the second experiment?
31．Would you please give an example of transactive memory?
32．What do you think of the fact that the way we use memory is changing? Why?(about 40 words)

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Balancing Trees and CO2
Tree planting used to be regarded as an effective means of reducing climate change. Perhaps it’s time for us to rethink this practice. Trees pull CO2 from the air. This effectively removes CO2 from the atmosphere. But trees only hold onto CO2 as long as they’re alive. Once they die, trees decay (腐烂) and release that CO2 back into the atmosphere.
Recent studies have found that trees around the world are growing faster than ever. The rise of CO2, mainly due to burning fossil fuels, is probably driving that rapid growth, said Roel Brienen, a forest ecologist at the University of Leeds, UK. High levels of CO2 are increasing temperatures, which in turn speeds tree growth in those areas, he added.
The faster trees grow, the faster they store carbon. It seems like good news. However, it is known that fast-growing tree species, in general, live shorter lives than their slow-growing relatives.
In order to see whether the growth-lifespan trade-off (生长与寿命之间的权衡) is a universal phenomenon, Brienen and his colleagues analyzed over 210,000 individual tree ring records of 110 tree species from more than 79,000 sites worldwide. They found that, in almost all habitats and all sites, faster-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species, and even within a species, the trade-off between growth and lifespan held strong.
The team also created a computer program that modeled a forest and tweaked (微量调整) the growth of the trees in this model. Early on, it showed that “the forest could hold more carbon as the trees grew faster”, Brienen reported. But after 20 years, these trees started dying and losing this extra carbon again. “We must understand that the only solution to bringing down CO2 levels is to stop emitting (排放) it into the atmosphere,” said Brienen.
33．What does “this practice” in Para.1 refer to?
34．Why are trees around the world growing faster than ever?
35．Read the following statement, underline the false part of it and explain the reason.
Ø The team has found that the faster trees grow, the faster they store CO2, and the longer lives they live.
36．Please briefly present what you can do in daily life to reduce the emission of CO2 . (about 40 words)

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成对该问题的回答。
Fair play is important not only in sports, but in all aspects of life, including education. Honest and responsible behaviour in the process of study is known as academic integrity. When discussing fair play, we also need to talk about its opposite, which in the educational context is known as academic dishonesty.
Academic dishonesty can come in various forms. One commonly seen practice is cheating. This includes copying someone’s homework or cheating at a test. Sabotage is another form of academic dishonesty where something is done to worsen other students’ results. One example of this would be deleting another student’s essay from his or her computer. A particularly serious form of academic dishonesty is plagiarism: it is when someone copies somebody else’s work as their own.
Even honest students might unintentionally engage in academically dishonest practices. One common misconception is that sharing homework answers with classmates is acceptable. It is actually helping someone cheat, which also counts as cheating. Another major misconception is that it is OK to paraphrase someone else’s ideas without crediting the source. This is still considered plagiarism.
Academic dishonesty like cheating and plagiarism destroys trust between you and your peers, and weakens the effort that you invest in learning. In the meanwhile, your reputation, and even that of your school will be damaged or ruined. All these can lead to a negative learning environment.
To help keep a healthy study environment for all, how should we maintain academic integrity? You should first of all keep in mind that honesty is the best policy: always strive to complete your work in a way that you can be proud of. Secondly, good time management skills make it easier to maintain academic integrity: students who delay writing their assignments and leave them until the last minute put themselves under unnecessary pressure, and may risk giving in to the temptation of cheating. Thirdly, whenever you are quoting, paraphrasing or summarizing, remember to cite all materials properly.
147．What is academic integrity?
148．What are the forms of academic dishonesty mentioned in the passage?
149．Please paraphrase the underlined part in your own words.
150．As a high school student, what do you usually do to maintain academic integrity? (About 40 words)







参考答案
1．The author's government-sponsored scholarship was withdrawn.
2．The seed finally breaks through the ground and the bamboo grows ninety feet tall in five weeks.
3．To overcome difficulties, we need to trust that things will work out and simply wait patiently for the great ending to come.
(1)According to the passage, to overcome difficulties, we need to do what we are supposed to be doing rather than simply wait patiently for the great ending to come.
(2)To overcome difficulties, we need to trust things will work out, have patience and do what we are supposed to be doing.
4．Sum 2. My life is also full of ups and downs. For example, I was never good at chemistry and failed the mid-exam in senior 1. With patience and determination, I made every effort to turn the tide. It was not a smooth path, but I got an A in the final exam in senior 3.

【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。在大学最后一年作者的政府奖学金被取消了，这让他很生气，但是在读了一篇中国竹农的故事后，作者明白了生活并不是一帆风顺的，通常情况下，做你应该做的事，像中国的竹农一样有耐心，相信事情会解决的，这能帮助你度过最艰难的时刻。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句“The last thing I wanted to hear when my government-sponsored scholarship was withdrawn during my final year of college was(当我的政府奖学金在大学最后一年被取消时，我最不想听到的就是)”可知，在大学最后一年作者的政府奖学金被取消了。故答案为The author's government-sponsored scholarship was withdrawn.
2．考查细节理解。根据第二段倒第三句和倒第二句“No growth is seen until the fourth year, when the seed finally breaks through the ground. Then, in the space of just five weeks, it grows ninety feet tall. (直到第四年，种子终于破土而出时，才开始生长。然后，仅仅5个星期，它就长到了90英尺高)”可知，在第四年种子最终破土而出，竹子在5个星期后长到了90英尺高。故答案为The seed finally breaks through the ground and the bamboo grows ninety feet tall in five weeks.。
3．考查推理判断。根据最后一段最后一句“Just doing what you are supposed to be doing, having patience like the Chinese bamboo farmer, and trusting that things will work out for you can help you get through the toughest times. (做你应该做的事，像中国的竹农一样有耐心，相信事情会解决的，这能帮助你度过最艰难的时刻)”可知，并不是只要耐心地等待就好了，还要做你应该做的事，耐心等待，相信事情会解决的。所以“simply wait patiently for the great ending to come”处错误，答案为(1)According to the passage, to overcome difficulties, we need to do what we are supposed to be doing rather than simply wait patiently for the great ending to come. (2)To overcome difficulties, we need to trust things will work out, have patience and do what we are supposed to be doing.
4．考查开放性回答。根据最后一段最后一句“Just doing what you are supposed to be doing, having patience like the Chinese bamboo farmer, and trusting that things will work out for you can help you get through the toughest times. (做你应该做的事，像中国的竹农一样有耐心，相信事情会解决的，这能帮助你度过最艰难的时刻)”可知，生活不是一蹴而就，而是通过一点一点的努力，耐心的等待和坚定的信念来达到目标，所以答案最好是回答你的生活像Sum 2一样，并按照最后一段最后一句来解释原因，可以通过举出生活中的具体例子来体现。故答案为Sum 2. My life is also full of ups and downs. For example, I was never good at chemistry and failed the mid-exam in senior 1. With patience and determination, I made every effort to turn the tide. It was not a smooth path, but I got an A in the final exam in senior 3.
5．The balsa tree.
The balsa tree in South and Central America.
It is made of the balsa tree in South and Central America.
Transparent wood is made from the balsa tree in South and Central America.
6．Along with contributing to greenhouse gases, glass contributes to a loss of energy.
Not only does glass lose energy, but it brings about greenhouse gases.
Glass result in both greenhouse gases and a loss of energy.
7．Traditional glass is often used for residential building windows because its thermal management capability is higher than that of transparent wood.
According to the passage, transparent wood is approximately five times more thermally efficient than glass.
8．Transparent wood is more durable, energy-efficient, and environment-friendly than traditional glass. Firstly, it can stand much stronger force and will bend when damaged, rather than breaking into pieces. Next, it is about five times more thermally efficient than glass, cutting energy costs. Finally, its resource reduces carbon emissions.

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了已经被设计出的，且可以取代传统玻璃的透明木材的优点。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The innovation was developed using wood from the balsa tree in South and Central America, which claims to be five times more thermally efficient than glass.（这一创新是用来自中南美洲的巴尔沙树的木材开发的，这种木材声称比玻璃的热效率高5倍。）”可知，透明木是由来自中南美洲的巴尔沙树的木材制成的。故答案为The balsa tree./The balsa tree in South and Central America./It is made of the balsa tree in South and Central America./Transparent wood is made from the balsa tree in South and Central America.。
6．句意猜测题。根据文章第五段“Along with contributing to greenhouse gases, glass contributes to a loss of energy.（除了产生温室气体外，玻璃还会造成能量损失。）”可知，划线句表示玻璃会产生温室气体还会导致能量损失。故答案为Along with contributing to greenhouse gases, glass contributes to a loss of energy./Not only does glass lose energy, but it brings about greenhouse gases./Glass result in both greenhouse gases and a loss of energy.
7．推理判断题。题目陈述“Traditional glass is often used for residential building windows because its thermal management capability is higher than that of transparent wood.（传统的玻璃由于其热管理能力高于透明木材，所以常被用于住宅建筑窗户。）”说明传统玻璃热效率高。根据文章最后一段“It is approximately five times more thermally efficient than glass, cutting energy costs.（它的热效率大约是玻璃的五倍，降低了能源成本。）”说明透明木材的热效率高。陈述与文章不符。故答案为Traditional glass is often used for residential building windows because its thermal management capability is higher than that of transparent wood.
According to the passage, transparent wood is approximately five times more thermally efficient than glass.
8．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Unlike traditional glass, the transparent wood can stand much stronger force and will bend when damaged, instead of crashing.（与传统玻璃不同的是，透明的木材可以承受更强的力，当损坏时，它会弯曲，而不是破碎。）”，文章第六段“The bonding between PVA and cellulose in the wood, creates a tightly packed structure that allows for more thermal protection and makes it more lasting and lighter than glass.（聚乙烯醇(PVA)和木材中的纤维素之间的结合，创造了一个紧凑的结构，允许更多的热保护，使其比玻璃更持久，更轻。）”以及文章最后一段“It is approximately five times more thermally efficient than glass, cutting energy costs. It is made from a sustainable, renewable resource with low carbon emissions.（它的热效率大约是玻璃的五倍，降低了能源成本。它是由可持续的，可再生的，低碳排放的资源制作的）”可知，透明木相对于传统玻璃的优点。故答案为Transparent wood is more durable, energy-efficient, and environment-friendly than traditional glass. Firstly, it can stand much stronger force and will bend when damaged, rather than breaking into pieces. Next, it is about five times more thermally efficient than glass, cutting energy costs. Finally, its resource reduces carbon emissions.
9．He was the first player to help China grow into a basketball-crazed nation.
10．That Kobe enjoys great popularity in China.
11．He saw China’s development and Chinese people’s passion for basketball.
12．Open

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了NBA球员Kobe Bryant对帮助中国成长为一个篮球狂热国家所付出的努力，记叙了他为中国所做的一些贡献以及对中国篮球发展的看法。
9．考查细节理解题。根据第一段“Kobe Bryant wasn’t the first NBA player to visit China. But he was the first player to help China grow into a basketball-crazed nation.(科比·布莱恩特并不是第一个访问中国的NBA球员。但他是第一个帮助中国成长为一个篮球狂热国家的球员)”可知，科比除了是一名优秀的NBA球员，对中国球迷来说他的特别之处还在于他是第一个帮助中国成长为一个为篮球而疯狂的国家的球员。故答案为He was the first player to help China grow into a basketball-crazed nation.
10．考查推理判断题。根据第三段“USA Basketball chairman Jerry Colangelo saw firsthand Kobe’s popularity during Kobe’s time with Team USA at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, when as captain he led the team to a gold medal. “There were tens of thousands of people on the streets, yelling, ‘Kobe! Kobe!’ It was unbelievable, just unbelievable,” Colangelo said.(美国篮球队主席Jerry Colangelo亲眼目睹了科比在2008年北京奥运会上的受欢迎程度，当时他作为队长带领美国队夺得了金牌。“街上有成千上万的人在喊，‘科比！科比！这太难以置信了，简直不可思议，” Colangelo说)”可知，作者通过告诉我们Jerry Colangelo在2008年北京奥运会上的所见所闻，想要证明科比在中国很受欢迎。故答案为That Kobe enjoys great popularity in China.
11．考查细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“He told reporters, “I watched the country develop from the ground up. I watched Beijing grow. I watched the passion for the game develop. My goal is to develop the country’s basketball to a level where they can compete with the best basketball countries in the world,” Kobe said.(他告诉记者：“我看着这个国家从头开始发展。我看着北京发展。我看着人们对这项运动的热情不断高涨。我的目标是把中国的篮球发展到一个可以与世界上最好的篮球国家竞争的水平。”)”可知，科比相信中国篮球可以成为世界上最好的篮球之一，因为他看到了中国的发展和中国人对篮球的热情。故答案为He saw China’s development and Chinese people’s passion for basketball.
12．本题为开放性题目，言之有理即可，答案不唯一。
13．They are valuable when it comes to communicating with taxi drivers or hotel staff who don't speak your language.
14．The high level at which the modern translation systems are developing is beyond your imagination. / You can’t imagine how developed and advanced the modern translation systems are.
15．Mobile translators use machine to process words, so the author worries about the efficient application of the translators in the future.
In the last paragraph, the author says “As people continue to use translation services, translations will improve. One day you might not have to worry about a poor translation causing an embarrassing misunderstanding”, so we can see the author holds an optimistic attitude towards the translators’ future.
16．言之有理即可

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了移动翻译设备带来的积极影响，表达了作者对于移动翻译未来的乐观态度。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Translation apps make foreign travel much easier than before. They are valuable when it comes to communicating with taxi drivers or hotel staff who don’t speak your language.（翻译应用程序让出国旅行比以前更容易了。当涉及到与与你语言不通的出租车司机或酒店员工交流时，它们很有价值。）”可知，当涉及到与与你语言不通的出租车司机或酒店员工交流时，它们很有价值，因此使国外旅行比以前更容易。故答案为They are valuable when it comes to communicating with taxi drivers or hotel staff who don't speak your language.。
14．句意猜测题。根据文章第四段“Although these apps are not perfect, you’ll still feel surprised when considering what’s happening underneath the app’s surface. You might not appreciate how advanced modern translation systems are!（尽管这些应用程序并不完美，但当你考虑到应用程序表面下发生的事情时，你仍然会感到惊讶。你可能不知道现代翻译系统有多先进!）”可知，划线句表示现代翻译系统的先进超出想象。故答案为The high level at which the modern translation systems are developing is beyond your imagination. / You can’t imagine how developed and advanced the modern translation systems are.。
15．推理判断题。题目陈述“Mobile translators use machine to process words, so the author worries about the efficient application of the translators in the future.（移动翻译人员使用机器进行文字处理，因此笔者对未来翻译人员的高效应用表示担忧。）”表示笔者对未来翻译的高效的担忧。根据文章最后一段“As people continue to use translation services, translations will improve. One day you might not have to worry about a poor translation causing an embarrassing misunderstanding（随着人们继续使用翻译服务，翻译将会得到改善。有一天，你可能不必担心一个糟糕的翻译导致尴尬的误解。）”可知，作者对未来翻译服务持积极态度，陈述与文章不符。故答案为Mobile translators use machine to process words, so the author worries about the efficient application of the translators in the future.
In the last paragraph, the author says “As people continue to use translation services, translations will improve. One day you might not have to worry about a poor translation causing an embarrassing misunderstanding”, so we can see the author holds an optimistic attitude towards the translators’ future.。
16．开放题。根据文章第二段“Just point your phone’s camera at some text, and a translation instantly appears.（只要把手机的摄像头对准某个文本，翻译就会立即出现。）”，文章第三段“Translation apps make foreign travel much easier than before.（翻译应用程序让出国旅行比以前更容易了。）”等均为移动翻译所带来的好处，考生可以用自己话进行概括，言之有理即可。
17．Because its fur curled when raining.
18．But you, the smallest of the fox family, you succeeded.
19．The writer did not like the fox when it grew up because it looked strange. According to the passage, the fox looked a bit strange with its long nose and misshapen teeth, but the writer still thought it the most beautiful in the world, which means he liked it.
20．I used to have a pet dog. Unlike most dogs, he liked taking baths. Every time after I washed him from the bathroom, it would soon lie on his own bath robe and rolled in it to dry himself, which amused all of us! That was my favourite time with him!

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和一只红狐狸之间的故事，讲述了作者如何和这只小狐狸相遇以及相处的经过，表达了作者对狐狸的喜爱之情。
17．考查细节理解。根据第四段中“When it rained, your hair used to curl and that was another part of you that was different.(下雨的时候，你的毛发曾经是卷曲的，那是另一部分的你是不一样的)”可知，作者认为狐狸的皮毛不同，是因为下雨时它的皮毛会卷曲。故答案为Because its fur curled when raining.
18．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段“But you, the smallest of the pack, you made it!(但你，族群中最小的，你成功了！)”可知，pack这里理解为“狐狸家族”，make it表示“成功”。故划线句子可概述为：但是你，狐狸家族中最小的一个，你成功了。故答案为But you, the smallest of the fox family, you succeeded.
19．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“A bit of a strange fox, with your too long nose and misshapen teeth, but for me you were the most beautiful fox ever.(有点奇怪的狐狸，鼻子太长，牙齿畸形，但对我来说，你是最美丽的狐狸)”可知，句子错误部分为“The writer did not like the fox when it grew up”，根据文章，狐狸看起来有点奇怪，它的长鼻子和畸形的牙齿，但作者仍然认为它是世界上最美丽的，这意味着作者喜欢它。故答案为The writer did not like the fox when it grew up because it looked strange. According to the passage, the fox looked a bit strange with its long nose and misshapen teeth, but the writer still thought it the most beautiful in the world, which means he liked it.
20．本题为开放性题目，言之有理即可，答案不唯一。题干：请写一篇你与动物相处的经历。可回答：我曾经养过一只宠物狗。与大多数狗不同，它喜欢洗澡。每次我把他从浴室里洗干净后，他很快就会躺在他自己的浴袍上，然后裹在里面擦干，这让我们都觉得很有趣!那是我和他在一起最开心的时光！故答案为I used to have a pet dog. Unlike most dogs, he liked taking baths. Every time after I washed him from the bathroom, it would soon lie on his own bath robe and rolled in it to dry himself, which amused all of us! That was my favourite time with him!
21．The number of hours they worked.
22．People’s lives are greatly restricted by the fixed working hours.
23．Working remotely is viewed positively because it brings lots of benefits and it is perfect.
According to the passage, remote working also has its drawbacks, such as making people lose all separation between work and home life, and making people feel stressed.
24．言之有理即可

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自钟表发明之后，工人的工资由工作时间来决定。又详细说明了固定工作时间的缺点及远程工作时间的优缺点。
21．考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句中“With its arrival, people were paid on the basis of how many hours they worked（随着它的到来，人们的工资是根据他们的工作时间来支付的，）”可知，钟表出现之后，决定工人工资的是他们的工作时间，故答案为：The number of hours they worked.
22．考查细节理解。划线句子是一个主系表结构，意为“严格的八小时工作时间表是难以置信的限制。”可推断，工人的生活被这种固定的工作时间牢牢地限制住了，故答案为：People’s lives are greatly restricted by the fixed working hours.
23．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段第一句“On reflection, it is not too shocking that home-workers feel they are more productive.（仔细想想，在家工作的人觉得自己的工作效率更高，这并不太令人震惊。）”及该段所述在家工作的好处可知，远程工作（在家工作）是非常受欢迎的一种工作方式，因为它带来了很多的益处；然而根据最后一段第一句话“Of course, working remotely carries dangers（当然，远程工作也有危险）”可知，远程工作也有弊端，因此它并不是完美（perfect）的，所以该陈述中错误的部分是：perfect。最后一段中“people may lose all separation between work and home life, and are likely to be stressed.（人们可能会失去工作和家庭生活之间的所有分离，并可能会感到压力。）”列举出了远程工作的缺点。所以陈述理由为：According to the passage, remote working also has its drawbacks, such as making people lose all separation between work and home life, and making people feel stressed.（根据文章，远程工作也有它的缺点，例如使人们失去工作和家庭生活的所有分离，使人们感到压力。）
24．考查语言表达。文章介绍了固定办公时间和灵活办公时间的优缺点，考生可以根据文章内容任选一方面来陈述远程学习的优点或缺点。只要言之有理即可。参考答案：In my opinion, students can greatly benefit from the remote learning. Firstly, you can learn more useful knowledge that you can not obtain from regular school teaching. Secondly, you can choose the time when you will study, which means that if you are in bad mental state, you can adjust your study time.
25．Upcycling is the practice of taking an unwanted item and turning it into something useful.
26．Because it protects natural resources.
27．Upcycling helps a family save money.
28．I plan to upcycle the bottles at home. I will turn glass bottles into candle holders or glass lamps, which will add to the festive atmosphere during the festival. As for plastic bottles, I’ll remodel them into air-tight containers, which can help store grains and stop moths from getting in.

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了升级改造。解释了升级改造的含义、和回收利用的不同之处以及升级改造的好处。指出作为负责任的公民，我们都应该关心保护环境和节约资源，而升级改造是一种有趣又有创意的环保方式。
25．考查细节理解题。根据第二段中“Upcycling is the practice of taking an unwanted item and turning it into something useful.(升级改造就是把不需要的东西变成有用的东西)”可知，升级改造就是把不需要的东西变成有用的东西。故答案为Upcycling is the practice of taking an unwanted item and turning it into something useful.
26．考查细节理解题。根据第三段中“Upcycling is not the same as recycling. Upcycling is actually much better for the environment.(升级改造不同于回收利用。升级改造对环境更有利)”以及“And upcycling not only reduces the amount of trash that goes into our landfills, but it also protects natural resources, such as oil and gas.(升级改造不仅能减少垃圾填埋场的垃圾数量，还能保护石油和天然气等自然资源)”可知，升级回收比循环利用更环保，因为它保护自然资源。故答案为Because it protects natural resources.
27．考查句意猜测题。根据画线部分后文“Old teacups can be transformed into candles. And an old ladder can even become a bookshelf. Of course, the idea of reusing items to save money is not new.(旧茶杯可以变成烛台。一个旧梯子甚至可以变成一个书架。当然，再利用物品来省钱的想法并不新鲜)”可知，画线句意思为“升级改造可以帮助家庭省钱”。故答案为Upcycling helps a family save money.
28．本题为开放性题目，言之有理即可，答案不唯一。题干为：春节就要到了。找出一件可以升级的东西。解释一下你将用它做什么，以及它将如何帮助庆祝这个节日。可回答：我计划在家里改造瓶子。我会把玻璃瓶变成烛台或玻璃灯，在节日中增添节日的气氛。至于塑料瓶，我会把它们改造成密封容器，这样可以储存谷物，防止飞蛾进入。故答案为I plan to upcycle the bottles at home. I will turn glass bottles into candle holders or glass lamps, which will add to the festive atmosphere during the festival. As for plastic bottles, I’ll remodel them into air-tight containers, which can help store grains and stop moths from getting in.
29．Sparrow and her team made the experiments in order to find out how the Internet is changing memory.
30．The result of the second experiment was that people remember the location of the information rather than the information itself.
31．For example, we don’t want to remember the information by ourselves. Instead, we’d like to remember the person who knows the information and ask him for it when we need the information.
32．(1) I think it good to change the way we use our memory. With the help of the Internet, we are learning how to organize huge quantities of information. We can store and use more information, which will surely broaden our view and improve work efficiency. So I think it’s a good thing.
(2) I don’t think it is a good thing to change the way we use our memory. It will make us rely too much on the Internet. Once there is a problem with it, we will be a loss of much information that should have been stored in our mind. So I don’t think that’s a good thing.

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了心理学家Sparrow和她的团队进行了一些实验以找出互联网是如何改变记忆的。
29．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“She and her team wanted to know how the Internet is changing memory.（她和她的团队想知道互联网是如何改变记忆的。）”可知Sparrow和她的团队做这些实验的原因是探究互联网是如何改变记忆的。故答案为“Sparrow and her team made the experiments in order to find out how the Internet is changing memory.”
30．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Surprisingly, people later remembered the folder location better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather they remember how to find it.（令人惊讶的是，人们后来记得文件夹的位置比事实的记忆更好。当人们使用互联网时，他们不记得信息。相反，他们记得是如何找到它的）”可知第二个实验的结果是人们记住信息的位置而不是信息本身。故答案为“The result of the second experiment was that people remember the location of the information rather than the information itself.”
31．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“This is called “transactive memory”. We remember where to find the information, but we don’t remember the information. Before the Internet, we used transactive memory to remember which person or book had the information we needed. Now, we just have to remember where it is stored on the Internet.（这被称为“事务性记忆”。我们记得在哪里找到信息，但我们不记得信息的内容。在互联网出现之前，我们使用事务性记忆来记忆哪些人或书拥有我们需要的信息。现在，我们只需要记住它在互联网上的存储位置。）”可知，这是“事务性记忆”的定义与具体体现，即：例如，我们不想自己去记住信息。相反，我们想记住知道信息的人，然后在我们需要信息的时候问他。故答案为“For example, we don’t want to remember the information by ourselves. Instead, we’d like to remember the person who knows the information and ask him for it when we need the information.”
32．主观题。本题是开放题，通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了心理学家Sparrow和她的团队通过比较两组人的记忆方式发现互联网正在改变我们的记忆方式，而这种改变是有利有弊的，如果认为改变我们使用记忆的方式是好的。就可以说在互联网的帮助下，我们正在学习如何组织大量的信息。我们可以存储和使用更多的信息，这必将拓宽我们的视野，提高工作效率。反之。如果认为改变我们使用记忆的方式不是一件好事，则可以说它会使我们过度依赖互联网。一旦出现了问题，我们就会失去很多本该储存在我们脑海中的信息。故答案为“I think it good to change the way we use our memory. With the help of the Internet, we are learning how to organize huge quantities of information. We can store and use more information, which will surely broaden our view and improve work                           efficiency. So I think it’s a good thing.”或“I don’t think it is a good thing to change the way we use our memory. It will make us rely too much on the Internet. Once there is a problem with it, we will be a loss of much information that should have been stored in our mind. So I don’t think that’s a good thing.”
33．Planting trees to reduce climate change. /Tree planting is used to reduce climate change. /Using tree planting to reduce climate change.
34．Because of the rise of CO2 from burning fossil fuels. /Because of the rise of CO2. /Because burning fossil fuels leads to the rise of CO2.
35．The team has found that the faster trees grow, the faster they store CO2, and the longer lives they live.
Because Berienen and his team found that faster-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species. /According to Berienen and his team’s research, faster-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species. /Because fast-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species.
36．Firstly, I’ll take a reusable cloth bag and say no to plastic bags while shopping, for it can save energy and reduce pollution. Secondly, when I go somewhere, I’ll choose public transportation instead of private cars to reduce the emission of CO2.

【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了针对全球气候变暖，树已经不能作为可靠的解决方法。目前最有效的方法是节能减排，降低二氧化碳的排放。
33．考查词义猜测。由第一段中的“Tree planting used to be regarded as an effective means of reducing climate change. Perhaps it’s time for us to rethink this practice.”（植树曾被认为是减少气候变化的有效手段。也许是时候让我们重新思考这种做法了。），可知以前可以通过植树来减少气候变化，this practice在此处意为“植树来减少气候变化”。故答案为“Planting trees to reduce climate change. /Tree planting is used to reduce climate change. /Using tree planting to reduce climate change.”。
34．考查细节理解。由第二段中的“The rise of CO2 , mainly due to burning fossil fuels, is probably driving that rapid growth, said Roel Brienen, a forest ecologist at the University of Leeds, UK. High levels of CO2 are increasing temperatures, which in turn speeds tree growth in those areas, he added.”（英国利兹大学的森林生态学家Roel Brienen说，二氧化碳的增加，主要是由于化石燃料的燃烧，可能推动了这种快速增长。他补充说，高浓度的二氧化碳导致气温升高，进而加速了这些地区树木的生长。），可知是因为燃烧化石燃料产生的二氧化碳的增加，才使世界各地的树木生长得比以往任何时候都快。故答案为“Because of the rise of CO2 from burning fossil fuels. /Because of the rise of CO2. /Because burning fossil fuels leads to the rise of CO2.”。
35．考查细节理解。“The team has found that the faster trees grow, the faster they store CO2 , and the longer lives they live.”（研究小组发现，树木生长越快，储存二氧化碳的速度就越快，寿命也就越长。）。由第四段中的“They found that, in almost all habitats and all sites, faster-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species, and even within a species, the trade-off between growth and lifespan held strong.”（他们发现，在几乎所有的栖息地和所有的地点，生长较快的树种比生长较慢的树种死得早，甚至在一个物种内，生长和寿命之间的权衡也很重要。），可知Berienen和他的团队发现生长较快的树种比生长较慢的树种死得早，说明生长较快的树种寿命短，因此“the longer lives they live”（寿命也就越长）错了。故答案为
“The team has found that the faster trees grow, the faster they store CO2, and the longer lives they live.
Because Berienen and his team found that faster-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species. /According to Berienen and his team’s research, faster-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species. /Because fast-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species.”。
36．考查开放答题。考生可根据文章大意和自身经历，思考在日常生活中可以做些什么来减少二氧化碳的排放，例如用布袋购物或乘坐公共交通工具来节约能源，减少二氧化碳的排放，在规定字数内言之有理即可。故答案为“Firstly, I’ll take a reusable cloth bag and say no to plastic bags while shopping, for it can save energy and reduce pollution. Secondly, when I go somewhere, I’ll choose public transportation instead of private cars to reduce the emission of CO2.”。
37．Academic integrity is a kind of honest and responsible behaviour in the process of study.
Honest and responsible behaviour in the process of study.
38．Academic dishonesty can come in various forms, including cheating, sabotage and plagiarism.
The forms of academic dishonesty are cheating, sabotage and plagiarism.
Cheating, sabotage and plagiarism.
39．Even honest students might do something dishonest in their studies accidentally.
Even honest students might get involved in dishonest behavior in their studies without intention.
Even honest students might behave dishonestly in their studies, but they don’t do it on purpose.
40．For me, there are several ways to maintain academic integrity. Firstly, I believe in the policy of honesty, so I never cheat in any test. It is important for the fairness and reliability of the exams. Secondly, I refuse to share my homework or test papers with others. Instead, I’d like to tutor them in their academic problems. I feel a responsible help is much better than a temporary aid. Finally, I always remind myself to cite the source when I quote others’ ideas in my writing.

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学术诚信。
37．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Honest and responsible behaviour in the process of study is known as academic integrity.(在学习过程中诚实和负责任的行为被称为学术诚信。)”可知，学术诚信是学习过程中的一种诚实、负责任的行为。故答案为Academic integrity is a kind of honest and responsible behaviour in the process of study. Or: Honest and responsible behaviour in the process of study.
38．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“One commonly seen practice is cheating. (一种常见的做法是作弊。)”、“Sabotage is another form of academic dishonesty where something is done to worsen other students’ results.   (破坏是另一种形式的学术不端，做一些事情使其他学生的成绩恶化。)”和“A particularly serious form of academic dishonesty is plagiarism: it is when someone copies somebody else’s work as their own. (学术欺诈的一种特别严重的形式是剽窃：抄袭别人的作品。)”可知，学术欺诈有三种形式：作弊，破坏和剽窃。故答案为Academic dishonesty can come in various forms, including cheating, sabotage and plagiarism. Or: The forms of academic dishonesty are cheating, sabotage and plagiarism. Or: Cheating, sabotage and plagiarism.
39．句意理解题。根据文章第三段“Even honest students might unintentionally engage in academically dishonest practices.(即使是诚实的学生也可能无意中从事学术上不诚实的行为。)”及后文所举的分享作业答案和引用别人观点不注备来源两个例子可知，即使是诚实的学生也可能在他们的学习中无意间做一些不诚实的事情。故答案为Even honest students might do something dishonest in their studies accidentally. Or: Even honest students might get involved in dishonest behavior in their studies without intention. Or: Even honest students might behave dishonestly in their studies, but they don’t do it on purpose.
40．细节理解及开放题。根据文章最后一段“To help keep a healthy study environment for all, how should we maintain academic integrity? You should first of all keep in mind that honesty is the best policy: always strive to complete your work in a way that you can be proud of. Secondly, good time management skills make it easier to maintain academic integrity: students who delay writing their assignments and leave them until the last minute put themselves under unnecessary pressure, and may risk giving in to the temptation of cheating. Thirdly, whenever you are quoting, paraphrasing or summarizing, remember to cite all materials properly.(为了让大家都有一个健康的学习环境，我们应该如何维护学术诚信?首先，你应该记住，诚实是最好的策略：永远努力以一种让自己感到自豪的方式完成你的工作。其次，良好的时间管理技能使保持学术诚信更容易：那些拖延写作业，直到最后一分钟才写的学生给自己施加了不必要的压力，可能会屈服于作弊的诱惑。第三，当你在引用、解释或总结时，记住正确引用所有材料。)”可知，文章最后从三个方面告诉我们维护学术诚信。所以答案为For me, there are several ways to maintain academic integrity. Firstly, I believe in the policy of honesty, so I never cheat in any test. It is important for the fairness and reliability of the exams. Secondly, I refuse to share my homework or test papers with others. Instead, I’d like to tutor them in their academic problems. I feel a responsible help is much better than a temporary aid. Finally, I always remind myself to cite the source when I quote others’ ideas in my writing.