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2022-2023学年湖南省长沙一中高三上学期第四次月考英语试题（原卷版 解析版，有听力）
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这是一份2022-2023学年湖南省长沙一中高三上学期第四次月考英语试题（原卷版 解析版，有听力），文件包含2022-2023学年湖南省长沙市第一中学高三上学期月考卷四英语试题解析版docx、2022-2023学年湖南省长沙市第一中学高三上学期月考卷四英语试题原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共41页， 欢迎下载使用。
长沙市一中2023届高三月考试卷(四)
英语
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15.
B. £9.18.
C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the speakers probably do next?
A. Quit the game.
B. Come up with a new plan.
C. Select more players for their team.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: The other team is beating us because they have more players. If we’re going to win, we need to make a better plan.
W: I almost feel like giving up, but you are right.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does the woman approach the man?
A. To get a job.
B. To walk with him.
C. To give him notice.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Good morning, sir. I was just walking by and saw your notice: Secretary Wanted.
M: That’s right. Would you like to have a try?
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does-the woman tell the man about the book he requested?
A. It is due.
B. It is lost.
C. It is ready.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, this is Marion from the library calling. We’ve found the book that Mr. Smith requested. It’s now waiting for him in our reserved section. Is that Mr. Smith?
M: Yes, thank you. I’ll pick it up today.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which chocolate flavor does the man think is the woman’s favorite?
A. Milk.
B. Nut.
C. Fruit.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: There are three chocolates left in the box. Which would you like?
M: I won’t be cruel and take the nut one. I know you adore it.
W: There’s also a milk chocolate and a fruit one. They are both delicious.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much will the woman pay?
A. $10.
B. $15.
C. $25.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: The cakes are $10 each, but if you buy another two or more, we’ll take $5 off your total.
W: Well, I’m having a big party tonight. So, I’ll take three. And could you put them in a bag for me, please?
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. How does the woman feel about football?
A. She would rather play it.
B. She likes to watch it.
C. She doesn’t like it.
7. What will the woman do tonight?
A. Work overtime.
B. Go ice skating.
C. Have her friends over.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Do you want to hang out tonight? My brother is having his friends over to watch the football game. I don’t want to be there for it.
M: You don’t like football?
W: I like playing it, but I hate watching it. I find it really boring.
M: Do you have anything in mind? We could go ice skating.
W: Yes! That’s music to my ears. I’ll call you when I am out of work. I’ll need to go back home and get my ice skates, though.
M: I will need to rent some. Maybe if we begin to go together a lot, I will buy a pair.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Whai does the woman think of the man now?
A. He’s funny.
B. He’s loud.
C. He’s shy.
9. What is the main topic of the conversation?
A. Starting a new class.
B. Getting to know a classmate.
C. Learning how to make jokes.
【答案】8. A 9. B
【解析】
【原文】W: I have to say, you’re not quite what I expected. Usually in class you are very quiet.
M: Well, I don’t like to answer questions out loud. I prefer to listen and absorb the knowledge.
W: Well, you should speak out more. I think your ideas are very humorous. The way you described the math problem really made sense to me. It made me laugh as well, so I would probably remember it better.
M: Thanks. Maybe I will speak out more. In a class like Mr. Williams’s, I think it’s a bit more important to listen. There are many facts about old wars and government leaders that we need to memorize. Hopefully, my listening skills in this class will help us with our project.
W: That’s true. I suppose I do talk more in my English and P.E. classes because they require different types of thinking.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What is the man?
A. A nurse.
B. A doctor.
C. An IT worker.
11. Who would be the last to get the medicine?
A. A woman of 89.
B. A hospital cleaner.
C. A college student.
12. Which medicine did the man prefer?
A. The British one.
B. The German one.
C. The American one.
【答案】10. C 11. C 12. A
【解析】
【原文】M: I’ve just had my COVID-19 prevention medicine. The needle has made my arm really sore.
W: What? How come you could have it so early? You’re not very old. You’re not a doctor or a nurse.
M: Everybody who works in the hospital is a key worker, so I am given the medicine.
W: I didn’t realize they would give it to the IT workers.
M: Yes, the key workers get it first, along with the elders. Young people come last.
W: When it’s my turn, I want the British medicine.
M: That’s the one I have preferred, but they gave me the American one. Some people I work with have had the German one.
W: I suppose it doesn’t matter, as long as it keeps you safe.
M: I have to go back for a second shot in a few weeks. Then I should be fully protected.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What is the picture of?
A. The man’s cat.
B. The man’s sister.
C. The man’s table.
14. What does the man have problems with?
A. Painting hands.
B. Painting hair.
C. Painting eyes.
15. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Friends.
B. Artist and model.
C. Artist and customer.
16. Where are the speakers?
A. In a bookstore.
B. At the man’s house.
C. In an art gallery.
【答案】13. B 14. A 15. A 16. B
【解析】
【原文】W: That painting on the wall is really great.
M: Thank you.
W: It’s almost like a photograph of her. How do you get the eyes to look so realistic?
M: I like to put some light in the eyes. I do it with a little spot of white paint on the tip of my brush.
W: It makes your sister look like she’s laughing. Her hair is good as well. It’s really true-to-life. You should hang this picture in your gallery someday.
M: I hope so. I’ve had lots of practice on hair by drawing pictures of my cat. She always sits on the table next to me when I’m working.
W: I notice that whenever you paint a picture, the models have their hands in their pockets. Why do you like that pose so much?
M: To be honest—I just don’t like painting them. I find them really difficult.
W: The hands, you mean?
M: Yes, I never seem to be able to get them right.
W: You can practice on mine in my bookstore, if you like. I’m a friend, so I won’t tell anybody if you get them wrong.
M: I may just do that. I shouldn’t let a thing like that defeat me.
W: Especially when you paint everything else so perfectly. Thanks for inviting me to your home anyway.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. Which system was Fulani written in before?
A. Arabic.
B. Chinese.
C. Latin.
18. How many people speak Fulani according to the talk?
A. Around 10 million.
B. About 14 million.
C. More than 40 million.
19. What were the Barry brothers probably trying to do?
A. Sell a product.
B. Learn a new language.
C. Create an alphabet for their language.
20. What happened in 2016?
A. The new alphabet was employed to type.
B. Drawing was taught in Fulani schools.
C. The Barry brothers were sponsored by a big company.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】It’s not every day that a new alphabet is born. One day in 1989, the Barry brothers wondered why their language didn’t have its own alphabet. Now, they knew that many languages use the same few alphabets. Nearly all European languages use the Latin alphabet. The writing of several languages is based on Chinese characters. The brothers’ own African language, Fulani, had been written in the Arabic alphabet over the centuries. But they also knew that many sounds which were particular to their language couldn’t be represented by their language. For example, there was no letter for a “b” that is pronounced while sucking in air. More than 40 million people speak Fulani in about 20 countries, and a proper alphabet would be widely used. So, the Barry brothers—who were only 10 and 14 years old at the time—would spend their afternoons drawing shapes to stand for Fulani sounds. Their alphabet was so successful that it was eventually taught in Fulani schools. In 2016, the Microsoft company even got involved by making it possible to type using the new alphabet.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B.C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Children’s Literature-Research Tips: Finding Information on Authors
Your author study requires you to write, in at least 3 pages, a summary of what the author has written, how the works have been received, what awards the author has been given, as well as any connections you have made by reading much of the author’s published books.
Below is a list of places to find such information. You will have most success with the items, if you look at them in the order they are listed.
Literature Resource Center
Provides biographical information, summaries of works, book reviews, and literary criticism. Once you have completed your search, be sure to look at all the tabs (标签)that are displayed. You can also change/narrow your search by using the links on the left side of the screen.
Biography in Context
You may find many of the same resources in this database as you found in Literature Resource Center. The two databases are produced by the same company. However, there is enough different information that it is worth checking.
Again, enter your author’s name, last name first, like this: Erdrich, Louise.
Blooms Literary Reference Collection
Search by your author’s name, last name first, like this: erdrich, louise.
The results will be presented with tabs across the top. Select the “Biographies” tab.
21. Why is the above information given?
A. To help readers learn some writing skills.
B. To help readers know more about a writer.
C. To help readers collect all the works of a certain writer.
D. To help’ readers know people’s reviews about a literary work.
22. What can we do at Literature Resource Center?
A. Write book reviews.
B. Download literary works.
C. Find masterpieces of artists.
D. Learn about the summary of a book.
23. Where is the above information from?
A. A textbook. B. Science fiction.
C. A web page. D. A research paper.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在网页上查找作者相关信息的方法。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Your author study requires you to write, in at least 3 pages, a summary of what the author has written, how the works have been received, what awards the author has been given, as well as any connections you have made by reading much of the author’s published books.(你的作者研究要求你至少用3页纸写一篇作者所写作品的总结，作品是如何获得的，作者被授予了什么奖项，以及你通过阅读作者大量出版的书籍而获得的任何联系)”以及第二段“Below is a list of places to find such information. (以下是查找此类信息的位置列表)”可知，提供上述信息是为了帮助读者收集信息，更多地了解作家。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Literature Resource Center部分“Provides biographical information, summaries of works, book reviews, and literary criticism.(提供传记信息、作品摘要、书评和文学评论)”可知，在文献资源中心，我们可以了解一本书的摘要。故选D项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据Literature Resource Center部分“You can also change/narrow your search by using the links on the left side of the screen.(你还可以使用屏幕左侧的链接更改/缩小搜索范围)”以及最后一段“The results will be presented with tabs across the top. Select the “Biographies” tab.(结果将在顶部显示选项卡。选择“传记”选项卡)”可推知，以上信息出现在网页上。故选C项。
B
Hours before the sun rises over Van, a city in the far east of Turkey, preparations are already underway for the most important meal of the day. By 5 a.m., the scent of oven-hot flatbread and fresh Turkish tea has been wafting (飘荡) across Kahvaltıcılar Çarşısı-Van’s famous “Breakfast Street”.
“There is nothing except breakfast during the day here,” says Kenan Coskun, who, along with his brother, runs Sütçi Kenan,one of the oldest breakfast joints in the city. The breakfast can contain up to 30 different dishes, and often has a heavy emphasis on the prized dairy produce from nearby livestock.
The origins of Van’s breakfast culture are the subject of debate. According to Aylin Oney Tan, one of Turkey’s leading food writers, it emerged in the mid-20th century as farmers from the nearby villages would bring their produce to the city’s bus stations early in the morning for sale. Others point to Van’s location on the Silk Road, an ancient trade route linking the Western world with the Middle East and Asia that would have supplied a constant flow of hungry travelers.
But locals say the more modern history of Van breakfast can certainly be linked to the development of so-called “milk houses”—which would serve early morning meals of milk, cheese and bread to those doing physical work nearby—in the 1940s. Sütçü Kenan, which translates in Turkish as “Milkman Kenan”, was itself opened by Coskun’s great-grandfather Kenan as a milk house in 1946.
Away from Breakfast Street, Bak Hele Bak, which was founded in 1975, is another restaurant in the old tradition of milk houses. “Ours is a place coming from milk house culture,” says Yusuf Konak, the talkative 67-year-old owner. “We have all kinds of customers from ages 7 to 70. Is Van the breakfast capital of the world? Definitely!”
That might seem like a lofty (高傲的) claim, but Van has its place in the record books to back up the statement. In 2014, more than 50,000 people gathered at rows and rows of tables in front of the Van Fortress, which was built in the 9th century, to break the Guinness World Record for the “largest full breakfast attendance”.
24. How does the author introduce the topic of the text?
A. By telling a story.
B. By describing a scene.
C. By answering a question.
D. By explaining a phenomenon.
25. What is still uncertain according to the text?
A. When Sütçü Kenan was opened.
B. Whether Van had a lot of milk houses.
C. When Van’s breakfast culture was started.
D. Whether Van was situated on the Silk Road.
26. Whom did Sütçü Kenan mainly serve at the very beginning?
A. Nearby laborers. B. Wealthy businessmen.
C Foreign travelers. D. Local milkmen.
27. What does the phrase “back up” underlined in the last paragraph mean?
A. Support. B. Challenge.
C. Replace. D. Benefit.
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. A 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了土耳其城市Van独特的早餐文化。
【详解】1.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Hours before the sun rises over Van, a city in the far east of Turkey, preparations are already underway for the most important meal of the day. By 5 a.m., the scent of oven-hot flatbread and fresh Turkish tea has been wafting across Kahvaltıcılar Çarşısı-Van’s famous “Breakfast Street”.(在太阳升起的几个小时前，土耳其最东部的城市Van已经开始为一天中最重要的一餐做准备。早上5点，卡瓦尔塔奇基亚勒Çarşısı-Van著名的“早餐街”已经弥漫着烤箱热大饼和新鲜土耳其茶的香味。)”可知，作者一开始描述了土耳其城市Van的早餐街的一个场景来引出本文的话题。故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The origins of Van’s breakfast culture are the subject of debate.(Van早餐文化的起源一直是争论的焦点)”及第三、四段中关于不同时间的早餐起源的说法可知，Van的早餐文化是何时形成的这一问题还存在争议。故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据文章第四段“But locals say the more modern history of Van breakfast can certainly be linked to the development of so-called “milk houses”—which would serve early morning meals of milk, cheese and bread to those doing physical work nearby—in the 1940s. Sütçü Kenan, which translates in Turkish as “Milkman Kenan”, was itself opened by Coskun’s great-grandfather Kenan as a milk house in 1946.(但当地人说，Van早餐更现代的历史可以肯定与所谓的“牛奶屋”的发展有关——在20世纪40年代，“牛奶屋”为附近的体力劳动者提供牛奶、奶酪和面包作为早餐。Sütçü Kenan，在土耳其语中翻译为“送奶工Kenan”，本身是科斯肯的曾祖父Kenan在1946年开设的一家牛奶屋。)”可知，Sütçü Kenan一开始为附近的体力劳动者服务。故选A项。
4.词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Is Van the breakfast capital of the world? Definitely!(Van是世界早餐之都吗？当然)”及最后一段划线词后的句子“In 2014, more than 50,000 people gathered at rows and rows of tables in front of the Van Fortress, which was built in the 9th century, to break the Guinness World Record for the “largest full breakfast attendance”.(2014年，超过5万人聚集在建于9世纪的范城堡酒店前的一排排桌子前，打破了“最大的早餐出席人数”的吉尼斯世界纪录)”可知，在Van创造的吉尼斯世界纪录是能“支持”“Van是世界早餐之都”这一说法的。back up与suppprt同为“支持”含义。故选A项。
C
Eight years ago. Al Nixon decided to begin each day from a bench with a spectacular view of St. Petersburg’s waterfront in Florida. “I call it ‘life rising’ because watching a sunrise makes me feel positive and centered before I start my day,” says Nixon, who works for the city’s water department. It is Nixon’s own version of daily motivation.
A year later, a woman stopped to say hello, and she said something that changed his perspective on his daily ritual. “She said, ‘You know, every morning when I see you sitting here, I know that everything is going to be OK,’” Nixon recalls. “That was when I knew: I needed to pay attention to the people walking past. I needed to make eye contact and let people know that we matter to each other.”
Instead of staring straight ahead at the waterfront, Nixon started smiling at people and striking up conversations. And pretty soon, more than a few early risers began joining him on the bench, sometimes unburdening themselves and telling him their relationship, career or personal problems. “I was happy to listen. I wanted them to walk away knowing they didn’t have to feel lonely,” Nixon, now 59, says. “When you’re in your 50s and 60s or beyond, a lot of people feel their purpose hasn’t been fulfilled. At this stage in life, this is definitely my purpose.”
So, every morning, weather permitting, Nixon rises at 4:30 a. m. He puts on a hat, sips a cup of coffee, and then drives seven miles to the waterfront, where he’ll stay for two hours. His presence, his openness to listen and his kindness towards strangers have led them to nickname him the Sunshine Mayor.
No matter what problem a person wants to air, Nixon lends an ear. But some people just sit down and don’t want to talk or share stories. They simply want to sit next to someone and share the silence. “A woman stopped once and said, ‘I just want to sit here with you,’” Nixon recalls. “We stared at the water for an hour, and then she said thank you and walked away. She just wanted a moment of peace and to know she wasn’t alone. And in that moment, in that hour, on that morning, she truly wasn’t.”
28. Why did Nixon decide to begin his day from the bench eight years ago?
A. To develop a habit. B. To seek mental power.
C. To enjoy seaside views. D. To interact with strangers.
29. How might Nixon feel after hearing the woman’s words in paragraph 2?
A. Inspired. B. Relaxed.
C. Touched. D. Worried.
30. What does Nixon’s nickname the Sunshine Mayor imply?
A. He is laughed at by others.
B. He is a responsible official.
C. He warms strangers’ hearts.
D. He likes sunny days particularly.
31. What can be learned from the last paragraph?
A. One has to learn to listen.
B Not everyone is a good storyteller.
C. It’s not easy to fulfill different needs.
D. Silent company matters to some people.
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了Al Nixon在八年前决定用坐在长凳上欣赏海滩风光来开始自己的一天，但是一年后他改变了想法，不仅仅只是欣赏风光，他开始对人们微笑，展开对话，学会倾听过往的人们，从而被人们称为“阳光市长”的故事。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的““I call it ‘life rising’ because watching a sunrise makes me feel positive and centered before I start my day,” says Nixon, who works for the city’s water department. It is Nixon’s own version of daily motivation.(“我称之为‘生活的上升’，因为看日出能让我在开始新的一天之前感到积极和专注，”在该市水务部门工作的Nixon说。这是Nixon自己对日常动机的诠释)”可知，八年前，Nixon为了寻找精神力量，决定从长凳开始他的一天，故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“A year later, a woman stopped to say hello, and she said something that changed his perspective on his daily ritual.(一年后，一个女人停下来跟他打招呼，她说的话改变了他对日常生活的看法)”和Nixon所说的“That was when I knew: I needed to pay attention to the people walking past. I needed to make eye contact and let people know that we matter to each other.(这时我明白了：我需要注意路过的人。我需要眼神交流，让人们知道我们对彼此很重要)”可知，Nixon当时应该是很受启发的。故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中Nixon的行为和第四段中的“His presence, his openness to listen and his kindness towards strangers have led them to nickname him the Sunshine Mayor.(他的存在，他的倾听和他对陌生人的善良，让他们给他起了一个“阳光市长”的绰号)”可知，Nixon温暖了陌生人的心，所以才得到这个昵称。故选C。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“They simply want to sit next to someone and share the silence.(他们只是想坐在某人旁边，分享沉默)”以及“She just wanted a moment of peace and to know she wasn’t alone.(她只是想要片刻安宁，知道她并不孤单)”可知，对一些人来说，安静的陪伴反而能给他们带来慰藉。故选D。
D
Most brands’ marketing strategies target our vision-think about logos, ads and other symbols. Some try to stimulate us with upbeat music or relaxing sounds. But targeting our noses can be an even more powerful tool for brands, say marketing experts.
An industry, known as scent marketing, is dedicated to developing custom fragrances(香味). ScentAir, for example, is one of the largest sellers of fragrance diffusers(扩散器)to leading brands. The company designs 9 “fragrance experiences” ranging from “luxurious and sophisticated” to “passionate and sensual”. On the flip side, it also tries to mask and neutralize(中和)awful smells from bathrooms or kitchens.
According to Laurence Minsky, a professor from Columbia College Chicago who studies branding, our sense of smell runs straight to our limbic system, and thus deploying a pleasant fragrance in a store can influence customers’ feelings about it and help it stand out in a crowded market. It can also cue up past memories, Minsky said.
The presence of a pleasant scent in stores resulted in a 3% sales increase compared to stores without one, found a study published in The Journal of Marketing. And beyond just being pleasant, the specifics of scent matter. Another study published in The Journal. Of. Retailing found that consumers spent more and purchased more items in stores with a simple orange or lemon scent than in stores with complex scents.
The opportunity to create an ambiance(格调)while increasing sales has led retailers and other businesses to experiment with different scents and create their own fragrance experiences. Brands such as Play-Doh and Johnson & Johnson were some of the first to use scent as a marketing tool. Play-Doh even successfully trademarked its own fragrance in 2018.
Since the 1990s, Singapore Airlines has also been using its own fragrance. Flight attendants wear it as perfume; it is mixed into hot towels served before takeoff and wafts through the cabin during the flight. Hotels such as Hyatt and Westin pump smells into their lobbies, while many supermarkets move their bakeries from the back of the store to the front.
But stores should keep a delicate balance when they engineer their smells. The USA’s subway, for example, has been criticized by some customers for an unpleasant bread smell. When Starbucks introduced breakfast sandwiches in 2008, it found the smell of sandwiches cooking in the oven was overpowering its coffee fragrance.
32. What may be the function of the limbic system?
A. Improving our fashion sense.
B. Getting rid of some bad memories.
C. Changing our perspectives on things.
D. Regulating our emotions and memories.
33. What do paragraphs 5-6 mainly tell us?
A. The history of scent marketing.
B. The significance of scent marketing.
C. The wide application of scent marketing.
D. The influence of various scent experiments.
34. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A. To try out an idea.
B. To issue a warning.
C. To draw a conclusion.
D. To give a piece of advice.
35. Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. Pay attention to your brand image
B. Use smell to get you to spend more
C. Increase sales of fragrance diffusers
D. Attract customers with excellent service
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是说气味也是一种强大的营销工具，被很多商家用来吸引顾客。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“According to Laurence Minsky, a professor from Columbia College Chicago who studies branding, our sense of smell runs straight to our limbic system, and thus deploying a pleasant fragrance in a store can influence customers’ feelings about it and help it stand out in a crowded market. It can also cue up past memories, Minsky said.(芝加哥哥伦比亚大学研究品牌的教授劳伦斯·明斯基表示，我们的嗅觉直接进入大脑边缘系统，因此在商店里散发一种令人愉悦的香味可以影响顾客对它的感觉，帮助它在拥挤的市场中脱颖而出。明斯基说，它还能唤起过去的记忆)”可知，the limbic system应该是能控制我们的情绪和记忆。故选D项。
2.主旨大意题。根据第五段的“The opportunity to create an ambiance while increasing sales has led retailers and other businesses to experiment with different scents and create their own fragrance experiences. Brands such as Play-Doh and Johnson & Johnson were some of the first to use scent as a marketing tool. Play-Doh even successfully trademarked its own fragrance in 2018.(在增加销售额的同时营造一种氛围的机会，促使零售商和其他企业尝试不同的香味，创造自己的香水体验。培乐多和强生等品牌是最早将气味作为营销工具的品牌之一。培乐多甚至在2018年成功注册了自己的香水商标)”和第六段的“Since the 1990s, Singapore Airlines has also been using its own fragrance. Flight attendants wear it as perfume; it is mixed into hot towels served before takeoff and wafts through the cabin during the flight. Hotels such as Hyatt and Westin pump smells into their lobbies, while many supermarkets move their bakeries from the back of the store to the front.(自上世纪90年代以来，新航也一直在使用自己的香水。空乘人员把它当香水用；它被混合在起飞前提供的热毛巾中，并在飞行过程中飘过机舱。凯悦和威斯汀等酒店等将香味注入大堂，而许多超市则将面包店从商店的后面搬到前面)”可知，这两段主要讲述的是气味营销的广泛应用。故选C项。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容，特别是该段的第一句话“But stores should keep a delicate balance when they engineer their smells.(但商店在设计气味时应该保持微妙的平衡)”可知，在最后一段，作者是为了提出建议。故选D项。
4. 主旨大意题。本文的主要内容是：气味也是一种强大的营销工具，被很多商家用来吸引顾客。所以用B项“Use smell to get you to spend more”作为本文的题目与文章主题相符。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The summer I was ten my mother decided to bring us to the world of art. My brother and I were not very excited when we realized what my mother meant. What she meant was not that we could take drawing classes or painting classes but that we would have to spend one afternoon a week with her at the Fine Arts Museum. That was not so bad—what really troubled me was that before each visit to the museum, she made us read about artists and painting styles. ____36____ Anyway, who wants to spend the summer thinking about artists when you could be with your friends at the swimming pool?
First we had to read about ancient Egyptians and their strange way of painting faces and then go to look at them at the museum. ____37____ Later we had to learn about artists in the Middle Ages who painted people wearing strange long clothing. We had to look at pictures of fat babies with wings and curly hair and with no clothes on flying around the edges of paintings. ____38____
On our last visit to the museum, something happened when I saw a painting by a woman called Mary. ____39____ The colors were soft and gentle, and you could tell by the mother’s expression how happy she was just to be with the child. I could hardly take my eyes away from that painting! ____40____ It was really worth looking at so many paintings to find a painter who could interest me so much.
A. In it, a woman was reading to a child.
B. That felt almost as bad as being in school.
C. The two paintings were so similar to each other!
D. I wanted to see every painting Mary had ever made!
E. I was immediately attracted by the strange way of painting faces.
F. Staring at those pictures, I still couldn’t see what was so great about art.
G. Unusual styles of art always attracted my brother, but I was not interested.
【答案】36. B 37. G 38. F 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候妈妈为了培养孩子对艺术的兴趣而带他和弟弟去博物馆，作者从一开始不感兴趣到看了玛丽的画对绘画感兴趣起来。
【36题详解】
上文“what really troubled me was that before each visit to the museum, she made us read about artists and painting styles. (真正让我困扰的是，每次参观博物馆之前，她都让我们阅读有关艺术家和绘画风格的书籍。)” 可知，谈论的是作者对妈妈这一行为的看法。B项“那种感觉几乎和在学校里一样糟糕”也表达了作者的感受，符合文意，that指代前文妈妈让作者和弟弟了解艺术家和绘画风格这种做法。故选B项。
【37题详解】
上文“First we had to read about ancient Egyptians and their strange way of painting faces and then go to look at them at the museum. (首先，我们必须阅读有关古埃及人和他们画脸的奇怪方式，然后去博物馆看它们。)”可知，空处谈论的是作者对这种奇怪艺术风格的看法。G项“不同寻常的艺术风格总是吸引着我和弟弟，但我并不感兴趣。”承接前一句，符合题意；其中Unusual styles和上文strange way近义复现。故选G项。
【38题详解】
上文“We had to look at pictures of fat babies with wings and curly hair and with no clothes on flying around the edges of paintings. (我们不得不看那些长着翅膀、头发卷卷、没穿衣服的胖婴儿在画的边缘飞来飞去的画作。)”可知，空处描述的是作者对这些画作的看法。F项“盯着那些图画，我还是看不出艺术有什么了不起的地方”符合文意，且those pictures与前文的pictures of fat babies相一致。故选F项。
【39题详解】
上文“On our last visit to the museum, something happened when I saw a painting by a woman called Mary. (在我们上次参观博物馆时，当我看到一个叫玛丽的女人画的一幅画时，发生了一些事情。)”提到一幅画，下文“The colors were soft and gentle, and you could tell by the mother’s expression how happy she was just to be with the child.(色彩柔和，从母亲的表情就能看出她和孩子在一起是多么快乐。)”提到画里的内容。由此可以推出，空处也应该是在介绍画的内容。A项“在这幅画中，一个女人正在给一个孩子读书。”承上启下，符合文章结构。故选A项。
【40题详解】
上文“I could hardly take my eyes away from that painting! (我的眼睛几乎无法从那幅画上移开！)”和空后“It was really worth looking at so many paintings to find a painter who could interest me so much.(为了找到一位让我如此感兴趣的画家，看了这么多画真的很值得。)”可知，作者喜欢上了玛丽的画作。D项“我想看看玛丽的每一幅画！”，符合文意。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I had come to visit my parents on their 50th Wedding anniversary. In the hospital, Dad lay unconscious. Mom was ____41____ Dad, “Come on Bob. You’re a Marine(海军陆战队士兵). Marines never give up!” Two months later Dad ____42____. But things were ____43____.
In the past, my father would always work out the ____44____ in a newspaper at record speeds. Now he had trouble telling time, and the ____45____ days of all was when he opened his ____46____ and asked me to count the ____47____ he saved.
Dad looked at me with the innocence of a child who could not ____48____ a five-dollar bill from a fifty. I ____49____ the money in the box and the total came to $300. Dad _____50_____ three times but got confused and finally gave up. That evening, Mom said determinedly, “We couldn’t just sit by. Let’s start from explaining the _____51_____ of the clock.”
The next day, Dad asked Mom about the time. Mom said, “You tell me. The big hand is on the six and the little one is on the five.” Dad failed for the first time. But Mom continued to explain it. It wasn’t easy but Dad finally succeeded. _____52_____, Dad figured out puzzles in the newspaper with our assistance.
After Dad fully recovered, we_____53_____ in a big way on their delayed 50th wedding anniversary. When I raised my glass in honor of the happy couple, it was the _____54_____ of two old Marines I _____55_____.
41. A. challenging B. amusing C. encouraging D. comforting
42. A. pulled through B. turned over C. came out D. broke away
43. A. interesting B. different C. similar D. familiar
44. A. stories B. puzzles C. reports D. advertisements
45. A. happiest B. busiest C. saddest D. biggest
46. A. account B. purse C. clock D. shoebox
47. A. newspapers B. shoes C. time D. cash
48. A. tell B. earn C. withdraw D. receive
49. A. saved B. sorted C. spent D. invested
50. A. tried B. succeeded C. failed D. explained
51. A. label B. brand C. face D. spring
52. A. Meanwhile B. However C. Consequently D. Frequently
53. A. suffered B. posed C. competed D. partied
54. A. responsibility B. determination C. ambition D. generosity
55. A. changed B. envied C. toasted D. lacked
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. B 45. C 46. D 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和母亲帮助出院后的父亲重新认读时间和解答谜题的故事，体现了父母在困境中坚持不懈的精神品质。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈鼓励爸爸说：“加油，鲍勃。你是海军陆战队员。海军陆战队从不放弃！”A. challenging挑战；B. amusing逗乐；C. encouraging鼓励；D. comforting安慰。根据“Come on Bob. You’re a Marine. Marines never give up!”可知，母亲鼓励父亲战胜病魔。故选C项。
42题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：两个月后，爸爸渡过了难关。A. pulled through渡过难关；B. turned over移交；C. came out结果是，出版；D. broke away脱离。根据下文语境可知，父亲渡过难关回家了。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但情况不同了。A. interesting有趣的；B. different不同的；C. similar相似的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据“But”可知，前后表示转折，虽然父亲渡过了难关，但是情况不同了。故选B项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：过去，我父亲总是能以创纪录速度解出报纸上的谜题。A. stories故事；B. puzzles谜题；C. reports报道；D. advertisements广告。根据倒数第二段“Dad figured out puzzles in the newspaper with our assistance.”可知，父亲过去能以最快的速度解出谜题。故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在他看不懂时间了，最悲伤的日子是他打开鞋盒让我数他攒下的现金。A. happiest最开心的；B. busiest最忙碌的；C. saddest最悲伤的；D. biggest最大的。空前一句描述父亲出院后不认识时间了，下一段说明父亲数钱遇到困难，这是令人悲伤的事情。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. account账号，账户；B. purse钱包；C. clock钟；D. shoebox鞋盒。根据下文“I ____9____ the money in the box”可知，父亲将钱放在一个盒子里。故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. newspapers报纸；B. shoes鞋子；C. time时间；D. cash现金。根据“the money in the box”可知，父亲存在鞋盒里的是现金，作者在数现金。故选D项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸天真地看着我，就像一个分不清五美元纸币和五十美元纸币的孩子。A. tell辨别；B. earn赚；C. withdraw提、取；D. receive收到。根据下文“Dad ____10____ three times but got confused and finally gave up.”可知，父亲不能辨别五美元和五十美元的纸币。故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把箱子里的钱整理了一下，总共是300美元。A. saved救，节约；B. sorted整理，分类；C. spent花费；D. invested投资。根据“the total came to $300”可知，作者整理了盒子里的纸币。故选 B项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸试了三次，但都搞糊涂了，最后放弃了。A. tried尝试；B. succeeded成功；C. failed失败；D. explained解释。根据“but got confused and finally gave up”可知，父亲试图尝试，但是失败了。故选A项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈坚定地说：“我们不能坐视不管。让我们从解释钟面开始吧。”A. label标签；B. brand品牌；C. face钟面；D. spring春天。根据下一段“The big hand is on the six and the little one is on the five.”可知，母亲想要给父亲解释钟面，让他学会认识时间。故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，爸爸在我们的帮助下解开了报纸上的谜题。A. Meanwhile同时；B. However然而；C. Consequently因此；D. Frequently频繁地。根据语境可知，母亲的耐心和坚持让父亲知道了如何看钟，同时，父亲也在协助下能进行解谜了。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸完全康复后，我们在他们推迟的结婚50周年纪念日举行了盛大的聚会。A. suffered遭受；B. posed造成；C. competed竞争；D. partied举办派对。根据“After Dad fully recovered, we____13____ in a big way on their delayed 50th wedding anniversary.”可知，在父亲痊愈后，举行了结婚纪念聚会。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我举杯向这对幸福的夫妇致敬时，我敬的是两位海军陆战队老兵的决心。A. responsibility责任；B. determination决心；C. ambition野心；D. generosity慷慨。根据第一段母亲的话“Marines never give up!”可知，正是由于拥有战胜困难的决心，父亲渡过了难关，恢复了健康。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. changed改变；B. envied嫉妒；C. toasted举杯，敬酒；D. lacked缺乏。根据第一段母亲的话“Marines never give up!”及全文可知，作者举杯提议为父母战胜困难的决心干杯。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Today, the baseball cap is a very well-known item of clothing, even to people who are quite ____56____ (familiar) with the game of baseball.
The cap was invented over a century ago as a way of keeping the sun out of a baseball ____57____ (player) eyes. ____58____ early as the 1920s, however, the cap became fashionable off the field, sometimes seen among stylish (时髦的) guys as the perfect finishing touch to a new suit. But it was the continued ____59____ (connect) with sports that led to the widespread popularity of the cap. By the 1940s, teams were beginning to have their logos sewn onto the caps ____60____ they wore during matches. The obvious thing for fans ____61____ (do) was to wear these, too. With more and more college kids using this way to show their support for their home team, the cap ____62____ (catch) on and sales of them went through the roof. By the late 1970s, new machines meant it was possible to embroider (绣) images of things ____63____ animals and flags onto caps instead of just names and numbers.
The caps later became fashionable once again, ____64____ (large) thanks to hip-hop music bands who wore them on stage. Baseball caps then became popular with music fans the world over and _____65_____ (be) now established as a classic type of informal headgear (帽子).
【答案】56. unfamiliar
57. player’s 58. As
59. connection
60. that##which
61. to do 62. caught
63. like 64. largely
65. are##have been
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文。文章介绍了棒球帽是为了防止阳光照射到棒球手的眼睛中而发明的，但早在 1920 年代，帽子就广为流行，成为时尚单品，后来由于嘻哈音乐乐队在舞台上戴着它们，帽子再次流行起来。
【56题详解】
考查形容词。句意：今天，棒球帽是一种非常有名的服装，即使对于不熟悉棒球比赛的人来说也是如此。空处需填形容词作表语，根据上句“a very well-known item of clothing”和even可知，此处应该是表示有名到“不熟悉”棒球的人也会知道，应使用形容词unfamiliar。故填unfamiliar。
【57题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：帽子是一个多世纪前作为一种让太阳远离棒球运动员眼睛的方法被发明的。修饰名词eyes需用名词所有格，根据句意可知，此处是指“棒球运动员的眼睛”。故填player’s。
【58题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意： 然而，早在 20世纪20 年代，帽子在球场外就变得很流行，有时在时尚的男士中被视为新西装的完美点睛之笔。根据the 1920s和句意可知，此处指早在20世纪20年代变得流行，as early as为固定搭配，意为“早在……时候”，as置于句首，首字母要大写。故填As。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意：但正是与体育的持续联系导致了帽子的广泛普及。根据前文的continued 可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，要填名词形式connection，connection with意为“与…的关系”。故填connection。
【60题详解】
考查关系代词。句意：到 20世纪40 年代，球队开始将他们的标志缝在他们在比赛中戴的帽子上。分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为 the caps，为物，从句缺少宾语，应使用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
【61题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：对于粉丝来说，戴上这些帽子也是显而易见的事情。It's+ adj+for+sb to do sth为固定句型，for前面的形容词是指某人做某事的性质，此处强调显而易见，应使用不定式。故填to do。
【62题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：随着越来越多的大学生使用这种方式来表达他们对主队的支持，棒球帽变得流行且销售量飙升。catch on为固定搭配，意为“变得流行”，根据后文“sales of them went through the roof”可知，此处也应使用一般过去时。故填caught。
【63题详解】
考查介词。句意：到 20世纪70 年代后期，新机器意味着可以将动物和旗帜的图像绣在帽子上，而不仅仅是名称和数字。根据后文“ animals and flags”可知，此处表示举例，空格处只能填一个词，应使用介词like。故填like。
【64题详解】
考查副词。句意：帽子后来再次变得时尚，多亏了在舞台上戴着它们的嘻哈乐队。根据后文的thanks to可知，修饰介词短语thanks to，表程度，应用副词。故填largely。
【65题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：棒球帽随后受到世界各地音乐迷的欢迎，现在已成为一种经典的非正式头饰帽子。根据时间状语now可知，此处可以使用现在时态或现在完成时态。故填are/ have been。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假设你是李华，你的澳洲朋友David参加汉语水平考试(HSK)未能通过。请你写一封信给他，内容包括：
1. 表示安慰和鼓励；
2. 提出今后学习汉语的建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear David,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】参考范文
Dear David,
I’m sorry to hear that you failed to pass HSK. I hope that the unexpected failure won’t let you down, for I have still been amazed by the excellent Chinese you spoke when we first met.
As we know, language learning is never an easy task, but needs painstaking efforts and patience. Personally, I think you’d better pay close attention to the formal use of Chinese words and expressions, which really counts. Meanwhile, you may as well read more Chinese materials as much as you can afford. More importantly, you should learn from the mistakes that you have made. Anyhow, you’ve already made great progress in your learning of Chinese.
Hopefully, my suggestions will be of some help and wish you good luck.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给没能通过汉语水平考试的澳洲朋友David写一封信给，表示安慰和鼓励，同时就如何学习汉语提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
惊讶的：amazed→astonished
就个人而言：personally→as far as I am concerned
重要：count→matter
无论如何：anyhow→in any case
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Anyhow, you’ve already made great progress in your learning of Chinese.
拓展句：Anyhow, you’ve already made great progress in your learning of Chinese, which is encouraging.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I hope that the unexpected failure won’t let you down, for I have still been amazed by the excellent Chinese you spoke when we first met. (运用了that引导的宾语从句，for引导的原因状语从句和when引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】Personally, I think you’d better pay close attention to the formal use of Chinese words and expressions, which really counts. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I’ll never forget the day that one of my fifth-grade students, Jace, shyly raised his hand and said that he had never received a gift during reading discussions. Jace’s honesty surprised me. What was even more eye-opening was the fact that the boy had gone ten years and never experienced the joy and surprise of receiving a present.
I tried to search a reason that he might be saying this. Then I remembered his story. His mother was out of the picture and he lived alone with his dad. His father had a hard time holding down a job, and come to think of it. I didn’t see his father at enrollment(注册)or parent-teacher conferences.
A couple of weeks after Jace’s comment, he was absent from school. This happened to be the day I was sending home the annual note about the classroom Christmas gift exchange. Traditionally, each boy was to bring a gift for a boy in the three-dollar range and the same was true for each girl.
As we were discussing the specifics, a girl raised her hand and suggested that we do away with our traditional policy, and each buy a gift for Jace instead. The enthusiasm grew as the students discussed the kinds of things they knew Jace would like. We took a quick vote and unanimously(意见一致地)agreed to go ahead with this wonderful idea.
With great excitement, the gifts began to come in. Students with bright eyes would eagerly tell me how they found the “perfect gift” and how their parents spent more than three dollars on Jace’s gift! As the gifts poured in, I remember being so proud of my thoughtful, selfless students who were truly showing the spirit of Christmas.
After several days of absences, you can imagine our disappointment when we learned that Jace’s absences were due to the fact that he had moved away! I was sure of one thing. I couldn’t let my students or Jace down.
I found my information sheet and called every number listed. Apparently, Jace’s father had lost his job, causing them to relocate. No one knew where they were, and the cell phone number I had would ring with no response despite my continuous efforts. Even into our Christmas vacation, I constantly gave the phone number a shot.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Finally, at 9:30 PM on Christmas Eve, I decided to try one last time.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As I drove down the road to Jace’s house, I saw the porch light of his father’s trailer(拖车式房屋)signaling which home was his.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
Finally, at 9 :30 PM on Christmas Eve, I decided to try one last time. By then, I really didn’t worry about calling at a late hour. I was so used to no answer after many attempts that I was startled(震惊的)to hear a response. Amazingly, Jace answered the phone! Soon, I explained the story to Jace and told him how his classmates really wanted to do this for him. I spoke with his father and the next thing I knew, I was driving to Jace’s home.
As I drove down the road to Jace’s house, I saw the porch light of his father’s trailer(拖车式房屋)signaling which home was his. I was thrilled to see Jace. We filled the room with all of the carefully wrapped gifts that were especially for him. He was so surprised and grateful. Jace’s joyful smile that evening lit up the sky like a strand of twinkle lights. I went to sleep that night thinking about Jace’s joy and my thoughtful students. With a smile of my own，I was thankful to be a part of one of the most important “lessons” of their lives.
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的一个名叫Jace的学生由于家庭问题，从未收到过礼物，于是作者和其他同学为他准备了很多圣诞礼物。但是，就在圣诞前夕，Jace却搬了家。最终作者在圣诞前夜找到了Jace，并给了他同学们为他准备的各种礼物。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“最后，在平安夜晚上9点半，我决定最后试一次。”以及第二段首句内容“当我开车去Jace家的时候，我看到了他父亲的拖车房屋门廊上的灯光，表明哪座房子是他的。”可知，第一段可描写作者终于找到了Jace。
②由第二段首句内容“当我开车去Jace家的时候，我看到了他父亲的拖车房屋门廊上的灯光，表明哪座房子是他的。”可知，第二段可描写Jace在收到礼物之后的感激以及作者作为老师的感触。
2.续写线索：Jace说自己从未收到过礼物——Jace旷课，圣诞节即将到来——学生提议为Jace准备礼物以弥补Jace的遗憾——Jace搬了家，作者联系不到他——作者终于在圣诞前夜联系到了Jace——收到礼物的Jace非常感激，作者也很有感触
3.词汇激活
行为类
习惯于：be used to/get accustomed to
和某人交谈：speak with sb./talk with sb.
想要：want/wish/desire
情绪类
惊奇地：amazingly/surprisingly/marvelously
感激的：grateful/thankful①
【点睛】【高分句型1】I was so used to no answer after many attempts that I was startled(震惊的)to hear a response. （运用了so…that…引导的结果状语从句）
【高分句型2】Soon, I explained the story to Jace and told him how his classmates really wanted to do this for him.（运用了how引导的宾语从句）
长沙市一中2023届高三月考试卷(四)
英语
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15.
B. £9.18.
C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the speakers probably do next?
A. Quit the game.
B. Come up with a new plan.
C. Select more players for their team.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: The other team is beating us because they have more players. If we’re going to win, we need to make a better plan.
W: I almost feel like giving up, but you are right.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does the woman approach the man?
A. To get a job.
B. To walk with him.
C. To give him notice.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Good morning, sir. I was just walking by and saw your notice: Secretary Wanted.
M: That’s right. Would you like to have a try?
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does-the woman tell the man about the book he requested?
A. It is due.
B. It is lost.
C. It is ready.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, this is Marion from the library calling. We’ve found the book that Mr. Smith requested. It’s now waiting for him in our reserved section. Is that Mr. Smith?
M: Yes, thank you. I’ll pick it up today.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which chocolate flavor does the man think is the woman’s favorite?
A. Milk.
B. Nut.
C. Fruit.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: There are three chocolates left in the box. Which would you like?
M: I won’t be cruel and take the nut one. I know you adore it.
W: There’s also a milk chocolate and a fruit one. They are both delicious.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much will the woman pay?
A. $10.
B. $15.
C. $25.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: The cakes are $10 each, but if you buy another two or more, we’ll take $5 off your total.
W: Well, I’m having a big party tonight. So, I’ll take three. And could you put them in a bag for me, please?
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. How does the woman feel about football?
A. She would rather play it.
B. She likes to watch it.
C. She doesn’t like it.
7. What will the woman do tonight?
A. Work overtime.
B. Go ice skating.
C. Have her friends over.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Do you want to hang out tonight? My brother is having his friends over to watch the football game. I don’t want to be there for it.
M: You don’t like football?
W: I like playing it, but I hate watching it. I find it really boring.
M: Do you have anything in mind? We could go ice skating.
W: Yes! That’s music to my ears. I’ll call you when I am out of work. I’ll need to go back home and get my ice skates, though.
M: I will need to rent some. Maybe if we begin to go together a lot, I will buy a pair.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Whai does the woman think of the man now?
A. He’s funny.
B. He’s loud.
C. He’s shy.
9. What is the main topic of the conversation?
A. Starting a new class.
B. Getting to know a classmate.
C. Learning how to make jokes.
【答案】8. A 9. B
【解析】
【原文】W: I have to say, you’re not quite what I expected. Usually in class you are very quiet.
M: Well, I don’t like to answer questions out loud. I prefer to listen and absorb the knowledge.
W: Well, you should speak out more. I think your ideas are very humorous. The way you described the math problem really made sense to me. It made me laugh as well, so I would probably remember it better.
M: Thanks. Maybe I will speak out more. In a class like Mr. Williams’s, I think it’s a bit more important to listen. There are many facts about old wars and government leaders that we need to memorize. Hopefully, my listening skills in this class will help us with our project.
W: That’s true. I suppose I do talk more in my English and P.E. classes because they require different types of thinking.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What is the man?
A. A nurse.
B. A doctor.
C. An IT worker.
11. Who would be the last to get the medicine?
A. A woman of 89.
B. A hospital cleaner.
C. A college student.
12. Which medicine did the man prefer?
A. The British one.
B. The German one.
C. The American one.
【答案】10. C 11. C 12. A
【解析】
【原文】M: I’ve just had my COVID-19 prevention medicine. The needle has made my arm really sore.
W: What? How come you could have it so early? You’re not very old. You’re not a doctor or a nurse.
M: Everybody who works in the hospital is a key worker, so I am given the medicine.
W: I didn’t realize they would give it to the IT workers.
M: Yes, the key workers get it first, along with the elders. Young people come last.
W: When it’s my turn, I want the British medicine.
M: That’s the one I have preferred, but they gave me the American one. Some people I work with have had the German one.
W: I suppose it doesn’t matter, as long as it keeps you safe.
M: I have to go back for a second shot in a few weeks. Then I should be fully protected.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What is the picture of?
A. The man’s cat.
B. The man’s sister.
C. The man’s table.
14. What does the man have problems with?
A. Painting hands.
B. Painting hair.
C. Painting eyes.
15. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Friends.
B. Artist and model.
C. Artist and customer.
16. Where are the speakers?
A. In a bookstore.
B. At the man’s house.
C. In an art gallery.
【答案】13. B 14. A 15. A 16. B
【解析】
【原文】W: That painting on the wall is really great.
M: Thank you.
W: It’s almost like a photograph of her. How do you get the eyes to look so realistic?
M: I like to put some light in the eyes. I do it with a little spot of white paint on the tip of my brush.
W: It makes your sister look like she’s laughing. Her hair is good as well. It’s really true-to-life. You should hang this picture in your gallery someday.
M: I hope so. I’ve had lots of practice on hair by drawing pictures of my cat. She always sits on the table next to me when I’m working.
W: I notice that whenever you paint a picture, the models have their hands in their pockets. Why do you like that pose so much?
M: To be honest—I just don’t like painting them. I find them really difficult.
W: The hands, you mean?
M: Yes, I never seem to be able to get them right.
W: You can practice on mine in my bookstore, if you like. I’m a friend, so I won’t tell anybody if you get them wrong.
M: I may just do that. I shouldn’t let a thing like that defeat me.
W: Especially when you paint everything else so perfectly. Thanks for inviting me to your home anyway.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. Which system was Fulani written in before?
A. Arabic.
B. Chinese.
C. Latin.
18. How many people speak Fulani according to the talk?
A. Around 10 million.
B. About 14 million.
C. More than 40 million.
19. What were the Barry brothers probably trying to do?
A. Sell a product.
B. Learn a new language.
C. Create an alphabet for their language.
20. What happened in 2016?
A. The new alphabet was employed to type.
B. Drawing was taught in Fulani schools.
C. The Barry brothers were sponsored by a big company.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】It’s not every day that a new alphabet is born. One day in 1989, the Barry brothers wondered why their language didn’t have its own alphabet. Now, they knew that many languages use the same few alphabets. Nearly all European languages use the Latin alphabet. The writing of several languages is based on Chinese characters. The brothers’ own African language, Fulani, had been written in the Arabic alphabet over the centuries. But they also knew that many sounds which were particular to their language couldn’t be represented by their language. For example, there was no letter for a “b” that is pronounced while sucking in air. More than 40 million people speak Fulani in about 20 countries, and a proper alphabet would be widely used. So, the Barry brothers—who were only 10 and 14 years old at the time—would spend their afternoons drawing shapes to stand for Fulani sounds. Their alphabet was so successful that it was eventually taught in Fulani schools. In 2016, the Microsoft company even got involved by making it possible to type using the new alphabet.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B.C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Children’s Literature-Research Tips: Finding Information on Authors
Your author study requires you to write, in at least 3 pages, a summary of what the author has written, how the works have been received, what awards the author has been given, as well as any connections you have made by reading much of the author’s published books.
Below is a list of places to find such information. You will have most success with the items, if you look at them in the order they are listed.
Literature Resource Center
Provides biographical information, summaries of works, book reviews, and literary criticism. Once you have completed your search, be sure to look at all the tabs (标签)that are displayed. You can also change/narrow your search by using the links on the left side of the screen.
Biography in Context
You may find many of the same resources in this database as you found in Literature Resource Center. The two databases are produced by the same company. However, there is enough different information that it is worth checking.
Again, enter your author’s name, last name first, like this: Erdrich, Louise.
Blooms Literary Reference Collection
Search by your author’s name, last name first, like this: erdrich, louise.
The results will be presented with tabs across the top. Select the “Biographies” tab.
21. Why is the above information given?
A. To help readers learn some writing skills.
B. To help readers know more about a writer.
C. To help readers collect all the works of a certain writer.
D. To help’ readers know people’s reviews about a literary work.
22. What can we do at Literature Resource Center?
A. Write book reviews.
B. Download literary works.
C. Find masterpieces of artists.
D. Learn about the summary of a book.
23. Where is the above information from?
A. A textbook. B. Science fiction.
C. A web page. D. A research paper.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在网页上查找作者相关信息的方法。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Your author study requires you to write, in at least 3 pages, a summary of what the author has written, how the works have been received, what awards the author has been given, as well as any connections you have made by reading much of the author’s published books.(你的作者研究要求你至少用3页纸写一篇作者所写作品的总结，作品是如何获得的，作者被授予了什么奖项，以及你通过阅读作者大量出版的书籍而获得的任何联系)”以及第二段“Below is a list of places to find such information. (以下是查找此类信息的位置列表)”可知，提供上述信息是为了帮助读者收集信息，更多地了解作家。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Literature Resource Center部分“Provides biographical information, summaries of works, book reviews, and literary criticism.(提供传记信息、作品摘要、书评和文学评论)”可知，在文献资源中心，我们可以了解一本书的摘要。故选D项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据Literature Resource Center部分“You can also change/narrow your search by using the links on the left side of the screen.(你还可以使用屏幕左侧的链接更改/缩小搜索范围)”以及最后一段“The results will be presented with tabs across the top. Select the “Biographies” tab.(结果将在顶部显示选项卡。选择“传记”选项卡)”可推知，以上信息出现在网页上。故选C项。
B
Hours before the sun rises over Van, a city in the far east of Turkey, preparations are already underway for the most important meal of the day. By 5 a.m., the scent of oven-hot flatbread and fresh Turkish tea has been wafting (飘荡) across Kahvaltıcılar Çarşısı-Van’s famous “Breakfast Street”.
“There is nothing except breakfast during the day here,” says Kenan Coskun, who, along with his brother, runs Sütçi Kenan,one of the oldest breakfast joints in the city. The breakfast can contain up to 30 different dishes, and often has a heavy emphasis on the prized dairy produce from nearby livestock.
The origins of Van’s breakfast culture are the subject of debate. According to Aylin Oney Tan, one of Turkey’s leading food writers, it emerged in the mid-20th century as farmers from the nearby villages would bring their produce to the city’s bus stations early in the morning for sale. Others point to Van’s location on the Silk Road, an ancient trade route linking the Western world with the Middle East and Asia that would have supplied a constant flow of hungry travelers.
But locals say the more modern history of Van breakfast can certainly be linked to the development of so-called “milk houses”—which would serve early morning meals of milk, cheese and bread to those doing physical work nearby—in the 1940s. Sütçü Kenan, which translates in Turkish as “Milkman Kenan”, was itself opened by Coskun’s great-grandfather Kenan as a milk house in 1946.
Away from Breakfast Street, Bak Hele Bak, which was founded in 1975, is another restaurant in the old tradition of milk houses. “Ours is a place coming from milk house culture,” says Yusuf Konak, the talkative 67-year-old owner. “We have all kinds of customers from ages 7 to 70. Is Van the breakfast capital of the world? Definitely!”
That might seem like a lofty (高傲的) claim, but Van has its place in the record books to back up the statement. In 2014, more than 50,000 people gathered at rows and rows of tables in front of the Van Fortress, which was built in the 9th century, to break the Guinness World Record for the “largest full breakfast attendance”.
24. How does the author introduce the topic of the text?
A. By telling a story.
B. By describing a scene.
C. By answering a question.
D. By explaining a phenomenon.
25. What is still uncertain according to the text?
A. When Sütçü Kenan was opened.
B. Whether Van had a lot of milk houses.
C. When Van’s breakfast culture was started.
D. Whether Van was situated on the Silk Road.
26. Whom did Sütçü Kenan mainly serve at the very beginning?
A. Nearby laborers. B. Wealthy businessmen.
C Foreign travelers. D. Local milkmen.
27. What does the phrase “back up” underlined in the last paragraph mean?
A. Support. B. Challenge.
C. Replace. D. Benefit.
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. A 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了土耳其城市Van独特的早餐文化。
【详解】1.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Hours before the sun rises over Van, a city in the far east of Turkey, preparations are already underway for the most important meal of the day. By 5 a.m., the scent of oven-hot flatbread and fresh Turkish tea has been wafting across Kahvaltıcılar Çarşısı-Van’s famous “Breakfast Street”.(在太阳升起的几个小时前，土耳其最东部的城市Van已经开始为一天中最重要的一餐做准备。早上5点，卡瓦尔塔奇基亚勒Çarşısı-Van著名的“早餐街”已经弥漫着烤箱热大饼和新鲜土耳其茶的香味。)”可知，作者一开始描述了土耳其城市Van的早餐街的一个场景来引出本文的话题。故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The origins of Van’s breakfast culture are the subject of debate.(Van早餐文化的起源一直是争论的焦点)”及第三、四段中关于不同时间的早餐起源的说法可知，Van的早餐文化是何时形成的这一问题还存在争议。故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据文章第四段“But locals say the more modern history of Van breakfast can certainly be linked to the development of so-called “milk houses”—which would serve early morning meals of milk, cheese and bread to those doing physical work nearby—in the 1940s. Sütçü Kenan, which translates in Turkish as “Milkman Kenan”, was itself opened by Coskun’s great-grandfather Kenan as a milk house in 1946.(但当地人说，Van早餐更现代的历史可以肯定与所谓的“牛奶屋”的发展有关——在20世纪40年代，“牛奶屋”为附近的体力劳动者提供牛奶、奶酪和面包作为早餐。Sütçü Kenan，在土耳其语中翻译为“送奶工Kenan”，本身是科斯肯的曾祖父Kenan在1946年开设的一家牛奶屋。)”可知，Sütçü Kenan一开始为附近的体力劳动者服务。故选A项。
4.词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Is Van the breakfast capital of the world? Definitely!(Van是世界早餐之都吗？当然)”及最后一段划线词后的句子“In 2014, more than 50,000 people gathered at rows and rows of tables in front of the Van Fortress, which was built in the 9th century, to break the Guinness World Record for the “largest full breakfast attendance”.(2014年，超过5万人聚集在建于9世纪的范城堡酒店前的一排排桌子前，打破了“最大的早餐出席人数”的吉尼斯世界纪录)”可知，在Van创造的吉尼斯世界纪录是能“支持”“Van是世界早餐之都”这一说法的。back up与suppprt同为“支持”含义。故选A项。
C
Eight years ago. Al Nixon decided to begin each day from a bench with a spectacular view of St. Petersburg’s waterfront in Florida. “I call it ‘life rising’ because watching a sunrise makes me feel positive and centered before I start my day,” says Nixon, who works for the city’s water department. It is Nixon’s own version of daily motivation.
A year later, a woman stopped to say hello, and she said something that changed his perspective on his daily ritual. “She said, ‘You know, every morning when I see you sitting here, I know that everything is going to be OK,’” Nixon recalls. “That was when I knew: I needed to pay attention to the people walking past. I needed to make eye contact and let people know that we matter to each other.”
Instead of staring straight ahead at the waterfront, Nixon started smiling at people and striking up conversations. And pretty soon, more than a few early risers began joining him on the bench, sometimes unburdening themselves and telling him their relationship, career or personal problems. “I was happy to listen. I wanted them to walk away knowing they didn’t have to feel lonely,” Nixon, now 59, says. “When you’re in your 50s and 60s or beyond, a lot of people feel their purpose hasn’t been fulfilled. At this stage in life, this is definitely my purpose.”
So, every morning, weather permitting, Nixon rises at 4:30 a. m. He puts on a hat, sips a cup of coffee, and then drives seven miles to the waterfront, where he’ll stay for two hours. His presence, his openness to listen and his kindness towards strangers have led them to nickname him the Sunshine Mayor.
No matter what problem a person wants to air, Nixon lends an ear. But some people just sit down and don’t want to talk or share stories. They simply want to sit next to someone and share the silence. “A woman stopped once and said, ‘I just want to sit here with you,’” Nixon recalls. “We stared at the water for an hour, and then she said thank you and walked away. She just wanted a moment of peace and to know she wasn’t alone. And in that moment, in that hour, on that morning, she truly wasn’t.”
28. Why did Nixon decide to begin his day from the bench eight years ago?
A. To develop a habit. B. To seek mental power.
C. To enjoy seaside views. D. To interact with strangers.
29. How might Nixon feel after hearing the woman’s words in paragraph 2?
A. Inspired. B. Relaxed.
C. Touched. D. Worried.
30. What does Nixon’s nickname the Sunshine Mayor imply?
A. He is laughed at by others.
B. He is a responsible official.
C. He warms strangers’ hearts.
D. He likes sunny days particularly.
31. What can be learned from the last paragraph?
A. One has to learn to listen.
B Not everyone is a good storyteller.
C. It’s not easy to fulfill different needs.
D. Silent company matters to some people.
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了Al Nixon在八年前决定用坐在长凳上欣赏海滩风光来开始自己的一天，但是一年后他改变了想法，不仅仅只是欣赏风光，他开始对人们微笑，展开对话，学会倾听过往的人们，从而被人们称为“阳光市长”的故事。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的““I call it ‘life rising’ because watching a sunrise makes me feel positive and centered before I start my day,” says Nixon, who works for the city’s water department. It is Nixon’s own version of daily motivation.(“我称之为‘生活的上升’，因为看日出能让我在开始新的一天之前感到积极和专注，”在该市水务部门工作的Nixon说。这是Nixon自己对日常动机的诠释)”可知，八年前，Nixon为了寻找精神力量，决定从长凳开始他的一天，故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“A year later, a woman stopped to say hello, and she said something that changed his perspective on his daily ritual.(一年后，一个女人停下来跟他打招呼，她说的话改变了他对日常生活的看法)”和Nixon所说的“That was when I knew: I needed to pay attention to the people walking past. I needed to make eye contact and let people know that we matter to each other.(这时我明白了：我需要注意路过的人。我需要眼神交流，让人们知道我们对彼此很重要)”可知，Nixon当时应该是很受启发的。故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中Nixon的行为和第四段中的“His presence, his openness to listen and his kindness towards strangers have led them to nickname him the Sunshine Mayor.(他的存在，他的倾听和他对陌生人的善良，让他们给他起了一个“阳光市长”的绰号)”可知，Nixon温暖了陌生人的心，所以才得到这个昵称。故选C。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“They simply want to sit next to someone and share the silence.(他们只是想坐在某人旁边，分享沉默)”以及“She just wanted a moment of peace and to know she wasn’t alone.(她只是想要片刻安宁，知道她并不孤单)”可知，对一些人来说，安静的陪伴反而能给他们带来慰藉。故选D。
D
Most brands’ marketing strategies target our vision-think about logos, ads and other symbols. Some try to stimulate us with upbeat music or relaxing sounds. But targeting our noses can be an even more powerful tool for brands, say marketing experts.
An industry, known as scent marketing, is dedicated to developing custom fragrances(香味). ScentAir, for example, is one of the largest sellers of fragrance diffusers(扩散器)to leading brands. The company designs 9 “fragrance experiences” ranging from “luxurious and sophisticated” to “passionate and sensual”. On the flip side, it also tries to mask and neutralize(中和)awful smells from bathrooms or kitchens.
According to Laurence Minsky, a professor from Columbia College Chicago who studies branding, our sense of smell runs straight to our limbic system, and thus deploying a pleasant fragrance in a store can influence customers’ feelings about it and help it stand out in a crowded market. It can also cue up past memories, Minsky said.
The presence of a pleasant scent in stores resulted in a 3% sales increase compared to stores without one, found a study published in The Journal of Marketing. And beyond just being pleasant, the specifics of scent matter. Another study published in The Journal. Of. Retailing found that consumers spent more and purchased more items in stores with a simple orange or lemon scent than in stores with complex scents.
The opportunity to create an ambiance(格调)while increasing sales has led retailers and other businesses to experiment with different scents and create their own fragrance experiences. Brands such as Play-Doh and Johnson & Johnson were some of the first to use scent as a marketing tool. Play-Doh even successfully trademarked its own fragrance in 2018.
Since the 1990s, Singapore Airlines has also been using its own fragrance. Flight attendants wear it as perfume; it is mixed into hot towels served before takeoff and wafts through the cabin during the flight. Hotels such as Hyatt and Westin pump smells into their lobbies, while many supermarkets move their bakeries from the back of the store to the front.
But stores should keep a delicate balance when they engineer their smells. The USA’s subway, for example, has been criticized by some customers for an unpleasant bread smell. When Starbucks introduced breakfast sandwiches in 2008, it found the smell of sandwiches cooking in the oven was overpowering its coffee fragrance.
32. What may be the function of the limbic system?
A. Improving our fashion sense.
B. Getting rid of some bad memories.
C. Changing our perspectives on things.
D. Regulating our emotions and memories.
33. What do paragraphs 5-6 mainly tell us?
A. The history of scent marketing.
B. The significance of scent marketing.
C. The wide application of scent marketing.
D. The influence of various scent experiments.
34. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A. To try out an idea.
B. To issue a warning.
C. To draw a conclusion.
D. To give a piece of advice.
35. Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. Pay attention to your brand image
B. Use smell to get you to spend more
C. Increase sales of fragrance diffusers
D. Attract customers with excellent service
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是说气味也是一种强大的营销工具，被很多商家用来吸引顾客。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“According to Laurence Minsky, a professor from Columbia College Chicago who studies branding, our sense of smell runs straight to our limbic system, and thus deploying a pleasant fragrance in a store can influence customers’ feelings about it and help it stand out in a crowded market. It can also cue up past memories, Minsky said.(芝加哥哥伦比亚大学研究品牌的教授劳伦斯·明斯基表示，我们的嗅觉直接进入大脑边缘系统，因此在商店里散发一种令人愉悦的香味可以影响顾客对它的感觉，帮助它在拥挤的市场中脱颖而出。明斯基说，它还能唤起过去的记忆)”可知，the limbic system应该是能控制我们的情绪和记忆。故选D项。
2.主旨大意题。根据第五段的“The opportunity to create an ambiance while increasing sales has led retailers and other businesses to experiment with different scents and create their own fragrance experiences. Brands such as Play-Doh and Johnson & Johnson were some of the first to use scent as a marketing tool. Play-Doh even successfully trademarked its own fragrance in 2018.(在增加销售额的同时营造一种氛围的机会，促使零售商和其他企业尝试不同的香味，创造自己的香水体验。培乐多和强生等品牌是最早将气味作为营销工具的品牌之一。培乐多甚至在2018年成功注册了自己的香水商标)”和第六段的“Since the 1990s, Singapore Airlines has also been using its own fragrance. Flight attendants wear it as perfume; it is mixed into hot towels served before takeoff and wafts through the cabin during the flight. Hotels such as Hyatt and Westin pump smells into their lobbies, while many supermarkets move their bakeries from the back of the store to the front.(自上世纪90年代以来，新航也一直在使用自己的香水。空乘人员把它当香水用；它被混合在起飞前提供的热毛巾中，并在飞行过程中飘过机舱。凯悦和威斯汀等酒店等将香味注入大堂，而许多超市则将面包店从商店的后面搬到前面)”可知，这两段主要讲述的是气味营销的广泛应用。故选C项。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容，特别是该段的第一句话“But stores should keep a delicate balance when they engineer their smells.(但商店在设计气味时应该保持微妙的平衡)”可知，在最后一段，作者是为了提出建议。故选D项。
4. 主旨大意题。本文的主要内容是：气味也是一种强大的营销工具，被很多商家用来吸引顾客。所以用B项“Use smell to get you to spend more”作为本文的题目与文章主题相符。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The summer I was ten my mother decided to bring us to the world of art. My brother and I were not very excited when we realized what my mother meant. What she meant was not that we could take drawing classes or painting classes but that we would have to spend one afternoon a week with her at the Fine Arts Museum. That was not so bad—what really troubled me was that before each visit to the museum, she made us read about artists and painting styles. ____36____ Anyway, who wants to spend the summer thinking about artists when you could be with your friends at the swimming pool?
First we had to read about ancient Egyptians and their strange way of painting faces and then go to look at them at the museum. ____37____ Later we had to learn about artists in the Middle Ages who painted people wearing strange long clothing. We had to look at pictures of fat babies with wings and curly hair and with no clothes on flying around the edges of paintings. ____38____
On our last visit to the museum, something happened when I saw a painting by a woman called Mary. ____39____ The colors were soft and gentle, and you could tell by the mother’s expression how happy she was just to be with the child. I could hardly take my eyes away from that painting! ____40____ It was really worth looking at so many paintings to find a painter who could interest me so much.
A. In it, a woman was reading to a child.
B. That felt almost as bad as being in school.
C. The two paintings were so similar to each other!
D. I wanted to see every painting Mary had ever made!
E. I was immediately attracted by the strange way of painting faces.
F. Staring at those pictures, I still couldn’t see what was so great about art.
G. Unusual styles of art always attracted my brother, but I was not interested.
【答案】36. B 37. G 38. F 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候妈妈为了培养孩子对艺术的兴趣而带他和弟弟去博物馆，作者从一开始不感兴趣到看了玛丽的画对绘画感兴趣起来。
【36题详解】
上文“what really troubled me was that before each visit to the museum, she made us read about artists and painting styles. (真正让我困扰的是，每次参观博物馆之前，她都让我们阅读有关艺术家和绘画风格的书籍。)” 可知，谈论的是作者对妈妈这一行为的看法。B项“那种感觉几乎和在学校里一样糟糕”也表达了作者的感受，符合文意，that指代前文妈妈让作者和弟弟了解艺术家和绘画风格这种做法。故选B项。
【37题详解】
上文“First we had to read about ancient Egyptians and their strange way of painting faces and then go to look at them at the museum. (首先，我们必须阅读有关古埃及人和他们画脸的奇怪方式，然后去博物馆看它们。)”可知，空处谈论的是作者对这种奇怪艺术风格的看法。G项“不同寻常的艺术风格总是吸引着我和弟弟，但我并不感兴趣。”承接前一句，符合题意；其中Unusual styles和上文strange way近义复现。故选G项。
【38题详解】
上文“We had to look at pictures of fat babies with wings and curly hair and with no clothes on flying around the edges of paintings. (我们不得不看那些长着翅膀、头发卷卷、没穿衣服的胖婴儿在画的边缘飞来飞去的画作。)”可知，空处描述的是作者对这些画作的看法。F项“盯着那些图画，我还是看不出艺术有什么了不起的地方”符合文意，且those pictures与前文的pictures of fat babies相一致。故选F项。
【39题详解】
上文“On our last visit to the museum, something happened when I saw a painting by a woman called Mary. (在我们上次参观博物馆时，当我看到一个叫玛丽的女人画的一幅画时，发生了一些事情。)”提到一幅画，下文“The colors were soft and gentle, and you could tell by the mother’s expression how happy she was just to be with the child.(色彩柔和，从母亲的表情就能看出她和孩子在一起是多么快乐。)”提到画里的内容。由此可以推出，空处也应该是在介绍画的内容。A项“在这幅画中，一个女人正在给一个孩子读书。”承上启下，符合文章结构。故选A项。
【40题详解】
上文“I could hardly take my eyes away from that painting! (我的眼睛几乎无法从那幅画上移开！)”和空后“It was really worth looking at so many paintings to find a painter who could interest me so much.(为了找到一位让我如此感兴趣的画家，看了这么多画真的很值得。)”可知，作者喜欢上了玛丽的画作。D项“我想看看玛丽的每一幅画！”，符合文意。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I had come to visit my parents on their 50th Wedding anniversary. In the hospital, Dad lay unconscious. Mom was ____41____ Dad, “Come on Bob. You’re a Marine(海军陆战队士兵). Marines never give up!” Two months later Dad ____42____. But things were ____43____.
In the past, my father would always work out the ____44____ in a newspaper at record speeds. Now he had trouble telling time, and the ____45____ days of all was when he opened his ____46____ and asked me to count the ____47____ he saved.
Dad looked at me with the innocence of a child who could not ____48____ a five-dollar bill from a fifty. I ____49____ the money in the box and the total came to $300. Dad _____50_____ three times but got confused and finally gave up. That evening, Mom said determinedly, “We couldn’t just sit by. Let’s start from explaining the _____51_____ of the clock.”
The next day, Dad asked Mom about the time. Mom said, “You tell me. The big hand is on the six and the little one is on the five.” Dad failed for the first time. But Mom continued to explain it. It wasn’t easy but Dad finally succeeded. _____52_____, Dad figured out puzzles in the newspaper with our assistance.
After Dad fully recovered, we_____53_____ in a big way on their delayed 50th wedding anniversary. When I raised my glass in honor of the happy couple, it was the _____54_____ of two old Marines I _____55_____.
41. A. challenging B. amusing C. encouraging D. comforting
42. A. pulled through B. turned over C. came out D. broke away
43. A. interesting B. different C. similar D. familiar
44. A. stories B. puzzles C. reports D. advertisements
45. A. happiest B. busiest C. saddest D. biggest
46. A. account B. purse C. clock D. shoebox
47. A. newspapers B. shoes C. time D. cash
48. A. tell B. earn C. withdraw D. receive
49. A. saved B. sorted C. spent D. invested
50. A. tried B. succeeded C. failed D. explained
51. A. label B. brand C. face D. spring
52. A. Meanwhile B. However C. Consequently D. Frequently
53. A. suffered B. posed C. competed D. partied
54. A. responsibility B. determination C. ambition D. generosity
55. A. changed B. envied C. toasted D. lacked
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. B 45. C 46. D 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和母亲帮助出院后的父亲重新认读时间和解答谜题的故事，体现了父母在困境中坚持不懈的精神品质。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈鼓励爸爸说：“加油，鲍勃。你是海军陆战队员。海军陆战队从不放弃！”A. challenging挑战；B. amusing逗乐；C. encouraging鼓励；D. comforting安慰。根据“Come on Bob. You’re a Marine. Marines never give up!”可知，母亲鼓励父亲战胜病魔。故选C项。
42题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：两个月后，爸爸渡过了难关。A. pulled through渡过难关；B. turned over移交；C. came out结果是，出版；D. broke away脱离。根据下文语境可知，父亲渡过难关回家了。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但情况不同了。A. interesting有趣的；B. different不同的；C. similar相似的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据“But”可知，前后表示转折，虽然父亲渡过了难关，但是情况不同了。故选B项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：过去，我父亲总是能以创纪录速度解出报纸上的谜题。A. stories故事；B. puzzles谜题；C. reports报道；D. advertisements广告。根据倒数第二段“Dad figured out puzzles in the newspaper with our assistance.”可知，父亲过去能以最快的速度解出谜题。故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在他看不懂时间了，最悲伤的日子是他打开鞋盒让我数他攒下的现金。A. happiest最开心的；B. busiest最忙碌的；C. saddest最悲伤的；D. biggest最大的。空前一句描述父亲出院后不认识时间了，下一段说明父亲数钱遇到困难，这是令人悲伤的事情。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. account账号，账户；B. purse钱包；C. clock钟；D. shoebox鞋盒。根据下文“I ____9____ the money in the box”可知，父亲将钱放在一个盒子里。故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. newspapers报纸；B. shoes鞋子；C. time时间；D. cash现金。根据“the money in the box”可知，父亲存在鞋盒里的是现金，作者在数现金。故选D项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸天真地看着我，就像一个分不清五美元纸币和五十美元纸币的孩子。A. tell辨别；B. earn赚；C. withdraw提、取；D. receive收到。根据下文“Dad ____10____ three times but got confused and finally gave up.”可知，父亲不能辨别五美元和五十美元的纸币。故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把箱子里的钱整理了一下，总共是300美元。A. saved救，节约；B. sorted整理，分类；C. spent花费；D. invested投资。根据“the total came to $300”可知，作者整理了盒子里的纸币。故选 B项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸试了三次，但都搞糊涂了，最后放弃了。A. tried尝试；B. succeeded成功；C. failed失败；D. explained解释。根据“but got confused and finally gave up”可知，父亲试图尝试，但是失败了。故选A项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈坚定地说：“我们不能坐视不管。让我们从解释钟面开始吧。”A. label标签；B. brand品牌；C. face钟面；D. spring春天。根据下一段“The big hand is on the six and the little one is on the five.”可知，母亲想要给父亲解释钟面，让他学会认识时间。故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，爸爸在我们的帮助下解开了报纸上的谜题。A. Meanwhile同时；B. However然而；C. Consequently因此；D. Frequently频繁地。根据语境可知，母亲的耐心和坚持让父亲知道了如何看钟，同时，父亲也在协助下能进行解谜了。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸完全康复后，我们在他们推迟的结婚50周年纪念日举行了盛大的聚会。A. suffered遭受；B. posed造成；C. competed竞争；D. partied举办派对。根据“After Dad fully recovered, we____13____ in a big way on their delayed 50th wedding anniversary.”可知，在父亲痊愈后，举行了结婚纪念聚会。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我举杯向这对幸福的夫妇致敬时，我敬的是两位海军陆战队老兵的决心。A. responsibility责任；B. determination决心；C. ambition野心；D. generosity慷慨。根据第一段母亲的话“Marines never give up!”可知，正是由于拥有战胜困难的决心，父亲渡过了难关，恢复了健康。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. changed改变；B. envied嫉妒；C. toasted举杯，敬酒；D. lacked缺乏。根据第一段母亲的话“Marines never give up!”及全文可知，作者举杯提议为父母战胜困难的决心干杯。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Today, the baseball cap is a very well-known item of clothing, even to people who are quite ____56____ (familiar) with the game of baseball.
The cap was invented over a century ago as a way of keeping the sun out of a baseball ____57____ (player) eyes. ____58____ early as the 1920s, however, the cap became fashionable off the field, sometimes seen among stylish (时髦的) guys as the perfect finishing touch to a new suit. But it was the continued ____59____ (connect) with sports that led to the widespread popularity of the cap. By the 1940s, teams were beginning to have their logos sewn onto the caps ____60____ they wore during matches. The obvious thing for fans ____61____ (do) was to wear these, too. With more and more college kids using this way to show their support for their home team, the cap ____62____ (catch) on and sales of them went through the roof. By the late 1970s, new machines meant it was possible to embroider (绣) images of things ____63____ animals and flags onto caps instead of just names and numbers.
The caps later became fashionable once again, ____64____ (large) thanks to hip-hop music bands who wore them on stage. Baseball caps then became popular with music fans the world over and _____65_____ (be) now established as a classic type of informal headgear (帽子).
【答案】56. unfamiliar
57. player’s 58. As
59. connection
60. that##which
61. to do 62. caught
63. like 64. largely
65. are##have been
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文。文章介绍了棒球帽是为了防止阳光照射到棒球手的眼睛中而发明的，但早在 1920 年代，帽子就广为流行，成为时尚单品，后来由于嘻哈音乐乐队在舞台上戴着它们，帽子再次流行起来。
【56题详解】
考查形容词。句意：今天，棒球帽是一种非常有名的服装，即使对于不熟悉棒球比赛的人来说也是如此。空处需填形容词作表语，根据上句“a very well-known item of clothing”和even可知，此处应该是表示有名到“不熟悉”棒球的人也会知道，应使用形容词unfamiliar。故填unfamiliar。
【57题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：帽子是一个多世纪前作为一种让太阳远离棒球运动员眼睛的方法被发明的。修饰名词eyes需用名词所有格，根据句意可知，此处是指“棒球运动员的眼睛”。故填player’s。
【58题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意： 然而，早在 20世纪20 年代，帽子在球场外就变得很流行，有时在时尚的男士中被视为新西装的完美点睛之笔。根据the 1920s和句意可知，此处指早在20世纪20年代变得流行，as early as为固定搭配，意为“早在……时候”，as置于句首，首字母要大写。故填As。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意：但正是与体育的持续联系导致了帽子的广泛普及。根据前文的continued 可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，要填名词形式connection，connection with意为“与…的关系”。故填connection。
【60题详解】
考查关系代词。句意：到 20世纪40 年代，球队开始将他们的标志缝在他们在比赛中戴的帽子上。分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为 the caps，为物，从句缺少宾语，应使用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
【61题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：对于粉丝来说，戴上这些帽子也是显而易见的事情。It's+ adj+for+sb to do sth为固定句型，for前面的形容词是指某人做某事的性质，此处强调显而易见，应使用不定式。故填to do。
【62题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：随着越来越多的大学生使用这种方式来表达他们对主队的支持，棒球帽变得流行且销售量飙升。catch on为固定搭配，意为“变得流行”，根据后文“sales of them went through the roof”可知，此处也应使用一般过去时。故填caught。
【63题详解】
考查介词。句意：到 20世纪70 年代后期，新机器意味着可以将动物和旗帜的图像绣在帽子上，而不仅仅是名称和数字。根据后文“ animals and flags”可知，此处表示举例，空格处只能填一个词，应使用介词like。故填like。
【64题详解】
考查副词。句意：帽子后来再次变得时尚，多亏了在舞台上戴着它们的嘻哈乐队。根据后文的thanks to可知，修饰介词短语thanks to，表程度，应用副词。故填largely。
【65题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：棒球帽随后受到世界各地音乐迷的欢迎，现在已成为一种经典的非正式头饰帽子。根据时间状语now可知，此处可以使用现在时态或现在完成时态。故填are/ have been。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假设你是李华，你的澳洲朋友David参加汉语水平考试(HSK)未能通过。请你写一封信给他，内容包括：
1. 表示安慰和鼓励；
2. 提出今后学习汉语的建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear David,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】参考范文
Dear David,
I’m sorry to hear that you failed to pass HSK. I hope that the unexpected failure won’t let you down, for I have still been amazed by the excellent Chinese you spoke when we first met.
As we know, language learning is never an easy task, but needs painstaking efforts and patience. Personally, I think you’d better pay close attention to the formal use of Chinese words and expressions, which really counts. Meanwhile, you may as well read more Chinese materials as much as you can afford. More importantly, you should learn from the mistakes that you have made. Anyhow, you’ve already made great progress in your learning of Chinese.
Hopefully, my suggestions will be of some help and wish you good luck.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给没能通过汉语水平考试的澳洲朋友David写一封信给，表示安慰和鼓励，同时就如何学习汉语提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
惊讶的：amazed→astonished
就个人而言：personally→as far as I am concerned
重要：count→matter
无论如何：anyhow→in any case
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Anyhow, you’ve already made great progress in your learning of Chinese.
拓展句：Anyhow, you’ve already made great progress in your learning of Chinese, which is encouraging.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I hope that the unexpected failure won’t let you down, for I have still been amazed by the excellent Chinese you spoke when we first met. (运用了that引导的宾语从句，for引导的原因状语从句和when引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】Personally, I think you’d better pay close attention to the formal use of Chinese words and expressions, which really counts. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I’ll never forget the day that one of my fifth-grade students, Jace, shyly raised his hand and said that he had never received a gift during reading discussions. Jace’s honesty surprised me. What was even more eye-opening was the fact that the boy had gone ten years and never experienced the joy and surprise of receiving a present.
I tried to search a reason that he might be saying this. Then I remembered his story. His mother was out of the picture and he lived alone with his dad. His father had a hard time holding down a job, and come to think of it. I didn’t see his father at enrollment(注册)or parent-teacher conferences.
A couple of weeks after Jace’s comment, he was absent from school. This happened to be the day I was sending home the annual note about the classroom Christmas gift exchange. Traditionally, each boy was to bring a gift for a boy in the three-dollar range and the same was true for each girl.
As we were discussing the specifics, a girl raised her hand and suggested that we do away with our traditional policy, and each buy a gift for Jace instead. The enthusiasm grew as the students discussed the kinds of things they knew Jace would like. We took a quick vote and unanimously(意见一致地)agreed to go ahead with this wonderful idea.
With great excitement, the gifts began to come in. Students with bright eyes would eagerly tell me how they found the “perfect gift” and how their parents spent more than three dollars on Jace’s gift! As the gifts poured in, I remember being so proud of my thoughtful, selfless students who were truly showing the spirit of Christmas.
After several days of absences, you can imagine our disappointment when we learned that Jace’s absences were due to the fact that he had moved away! I was sure of one thing. I couldn’t let my students or Jace down.
I found my information sheet and called every number listed. Apparently, Jace’s father had lost his job, causing them to relocate. No one knew where they were, and the cell phone number I had would ring with no response despite my continuous efforts. Even into our Christmas vacation, I constantly gave the phone number a shot.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Finally, at 9:30 PM on Christmas Eve, I decided to try one last time.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As I drove down the road to Jace’s house, I saw the porch light of his father’s trailer(拖车式房屋)signaling which home was his.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
Finally, at 9 :30 PM on Christmas Eve, I decided to try one last time. By then, I really didn’t worry about calling at a late hour. I was so used to no answer after many attempts that I was startled(震惊的)to hear a response. Amazingly, Jace answered the phone! Soon, I explained the story to Jace and told him how his classmates really wanted to do this for him. I spoke with his father and the next thing I knew, I was driving to Jace’s home.
As I drove down the road to Jace’s house, I saw the porch light of his father’s trailer(拖车式房屋)signaling which home was his. I was thrilled to see Jace. We filled the room with all of the carefully wrapped gifts that were especially for him. He was so surprised and grateful. Jace’s joyful smile that evening lit up the sky like a strand of twinkle lights. I went to sleep that night thinking about Jace’s joy and my thoughtful students. With a smile of my own，I was thankful to be a part of one of the most important “lessons” of their lives.
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的一个名叫Jace的学生由于家庭问题，从未收到过礼物，于是作者和其他同学为他准备了很多圣诞礼物。但是，就在圣诞前夕，Jace却搬了家。最终作者在圣诞前夜找到了Jace，并给了他同学们为他准备的各种礼物。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“最后，在平安夜晚上9点半，我决定最后试一次。”以及第二段首句内容“当我开车去Jace家的时候，我看到了他父亲的拖车房屋门廊上的灯光，表明哪座房子是他的。”可知，第一段可描写作者终于找到了Jace。
②由第二段首句内容“当我开车去Jace家的时候，我看到了他父亲的拖车房屋门廊上的灯光，表明哪座房子是他的。”可知，第二段可描写Jace在收到礼物之后的感激以及作者作为老师的感触。
2.续写线索：Jace说自己从未收到过礼物——Jace旷课，圣诞节即将到来——学生提议为Jace准备礼物以弥补Jace的遗憾——Jace搬了家，作者联系不到他——作者终于在圣诞前夜联系到了Jace——收到礼物的Jace非常感激，作者也很有感触
3.词汇激活
行为类
习惯于：be used to/get accustomed to
和某人交谈：speak with sb./talk with sb.
想要：want/wish/desire
情绪类
惊奇地：amazingly/surprisingly/marvelously
感激的：grateful/thankful①
【点睛】【高分句型1】I was so used to no answer after many attempts that I was startled(震惊的)to hear a response. （运用了so…that…引导的结果状语从句）
【高分句型2】Soon, I explained the story to Jace and told him how his classmates really wanted to do this for him.（运用了how引导的宾语从句）
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