2022-2023学年辽宁省高三上学期一轮复习联考（一）英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年辽宁省高三上学期一轮复习联考（一）英语试题（解析版），共27页。
2023届高三一轮复习联考（一）新高考Ⅱ卷
英语试卷
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
考试时间为120分钟，满分150分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman mean?
A. She admires those who go camping.
B. She doesn’t like going camping.
C. She believes going camping is enjoyable.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: A lot of people enjoy going camping. How about you?
W: Believe it or not, that is the last thing I ever want to do.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. Outside a theater. B. Inside a stadium. C. Beside a bookstore.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: The concert ticket is 180 yuan per person. I think that’s pretty expensive for us.
M: But if we have student cards, we can get in for two.
W: Really? Let’s have a try.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What color is the skirt the woman is trying on?
A. Yellow. B. Orange. C. Blue.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: What do you think of this skirt?
M: Hmm...I still think you look better in warmer colors. That blue doesn’t suit you as much as yellows and oranges that you usually wear.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What do we know about John?
A. He likes doing sports. B. He rides a bike to school. C. He plans to read a novel.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: What are we going to get for John’s birthday?
M: How about a best-selling book?
W: You know he cannot sit for long.
M: Then I guess we can buy him a bicycle. He likes exercise.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How long has Henry worked for the organization?
A. 3 years. B. 12 years. C. 15 years.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Henry. I’ve heard you are among the fast workers in our organization.
M: Yeah. It was set up 15 years ago. And I joined it in the third year. Last year, I was promoted to manager of this new branch and moved here.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. What size of a car does the man recommend?
A. A mini-size car. B. A full-size car. C. A mid-size car.
7. How much will the woman have to pay?
A. 90 dollars. B. 108 dollars. C. 120 dollars.
【答案】6. C 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: What can I do for you, madam?
W: Oh, I want to rent a car. I’ll be traveling in the city with my husband from Thursday. Our son and a friend will join us on the weekend.
M: We have mini-size, mid-size and full-size cars for you to choose from. In your case, I suggest a mid-size car. It is for 4 adults and provides 2 bags. When will you return it?
W: We’ll return it this Sunday evening.
M: The mid-size car is 30 dollars a day. You can get a 10 percent discount as you’ll rent it for more than 3 days.
W: OK. Then I’ll take this one.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. Where will the woman go?
A. To the playground. B. To the park. C. To her house.
9. What has the woman been doing recently?
A. Taking care of plants. B. Babysitting. C. Practicing basketball.
10. How often does the man play basketball?
A. Every day. B. Every two days. C. Once a week.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, Jane. Would you like to do some exercise with me?
W: Sorry. I have to be home in an hour.
M: What for?
W: I am taking care of a few baby plants these days.
M: That sounds interesting. Could you tell me more about it?
W: Sure. First, I plant the seeds. Then I water some of them regularly to protect them from going dry. I grow both flowers and vegetables. It makes me really excited to see them grow slowly from seeds into something useful and beautiful.
M: Yeah, gardening sounds pretty wonderful.
W: What about you? I guess you are attracted to playing basketball.
M: Right. I play basketball with my friends on the playground every afternoon. It can keep my body fit and relax my mind as well.
W: Good for you. Maybe someday you can teach me to play basketball.
M: No problem. See you next time.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11. Why is the man finishing his Chinese course?
A. He doesn’t enjoy it.
B. He has chosen another course.
C. He wants to launch a career.
12. What might the man’s first job be?
A. An engineer. B. A social worker. C. A charity organizer.
13. How soon will the woman graduate?
A. In three months. B. In two terms. C. In one term.
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Sue, how is your study in China?
W: Hi, Frank. It’s fine. What about yours?
M: Not bad. I’m finishing my Chinese course, though.
W: Why? Don’t you enjoy it?
M: I like it. But I think it’s time to step into the real world, find a job, and experience the social life.
W: Do you have some plans?
M: Well, first I want to work as an engineer. And then, I want to set up a charity to help children left behind by their parents who go to big cities to seek their fortune.
W: It sounds good. I just began the course on art this term and have another two terms to go before I graduate.
M: Good for you. You will make it as you always do. Time to go. Bye.
W: Bye!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14. Which of the following does the woman want to know?
A. The man’s hobbies.
B The man’s travel experiences.
C. The man’s marriage.
15. What does the man think of the job?
A. Challenging. B. Boring. C. Interesting.
16. What will the man do next?
A. He will travel abroad.
B. He will go to work with the woman.
C. He will wait for the result of the job interview.
【答案】14. C 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: To start with, tell me about your education, please.
M: All right. I shall graduate from Columbia University of Foreign Studies next year. I major in International Trade.
W: Are you single or married?
M: I’m still single. I’d rather secure my career before settling down in a family.
W: That’s the kind of man we are looking for. Our promotion work needs much travel. So, do you mind many business trips? There will be six to ten times traveling abroad a month.
M: Six to ten? Oh, that is indeed...
W: OK. So I would say this work is indeed demanding.
M: Er… I think it will be a challenge for me, but I am glad to take it.
W: It has been pleasant talking with you, We’ll notify you of our final decision within one week.
M: Thank you, Mrs. Hudson, for your interview with me. I hope to see you again.
W: Goodbye.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. Which of the following may turn off Alarmy?
A. Taking a photo of a sofa.
B. Shaking the phone once.
C. Touching a button.
18. What can Alarmy do besides waking people up?
A. Provide the latest news.
B. Recommend tips for studying.
C. Give information about weather.
19. Why does the speaker use Sleep Cycle?
A. To fall asleep more easily.
B To avoid being late for work.
C. To wake up at the right time.
20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A. Ways to fall asleep. B. Two useful apps. C. The favorite alarm.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】If you happen to be a heavy sleeper who always wakes up about 20 minutes late for lectures, then Sleep If U Can, also called Alarmy, is for you. Sleep If U Can is an alarm app for students. Users need to complete some small tasks to turn the alarm off. For example, you need to take a photo of something specific or shake the phone a number of times. In addition, Sleep If U Can will also give you the latest weather conditions so that you can decide whether to take an umbrella with you before leaving home. However, if you don’t want to be woken up at the wrong time in the morning like me, then you can try Sleep Cycle. It is an app that aims to correct its users’ sleeping pattern by waking them up during their lightest sleep phase. The app does this by monitoring users’ movements and the time when the users go to sleep. This means that you will feel less sleepy when you wake up in the morning. And that’s why I love using this app.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Best Films to Watch in 2022
Jurassic World: Dominion
It is the final film in the second trilogy (三部曲) of dinosaur-movies. It’s the first one that really deserves to be called “Jurassic World” rather than “Jurassic Park”. Yes, prehistoric dinosaurs appear in the wild this time, rather than being stuck in a theme park. What’s even more exciting is that the (human) stars from the first Jurassic film have reunited.
Release date: 10 June, internationally
Director: Colin Trevorrow
Official Competition
Cruz and Banderas have been two of Spanish cinema's most famous superstars for decades, and yet have rarely acted on screen together. Now, once again, that wrong has been corrected by Official Competition,a good movie-business satire (讽刺作品). Cruz plays a director who is adapting a Nobel Prize–winning novel. Banderas is a Hollywood action hero who is hired to star in it.
Release date: 1 June in France, 9 June in Singapore, 17 June in the US and 30 June in Germany
Director: Mariano Cohn & Gastón Duprat
Brian and Charles
Not a typical science-fiction movie, Brian and Charles is a low-cost British comedy starring and co-written by David Earl, a regular in situation comedies. “Brian and Charles is this year’s sweetest film,” says Cory. “It’s like an Edgar Wright’s Mighty Boosh project thrown into a cotton-candy machine,but also one of the most surprising films about being a parent, even when your son is a 7 feet-tall robot who loves cabbages.”
Release date: 17 June in the US and Canada
Director: Jim Archer
Lightyear
After four Toy Story films, everyone's favorite space ranger action figure, Buzz Lightyear, gets to leave Woody and friends behind, and starts an adventure on his own. In fact, the latest Pixar cartoon isn’t about the toy.
Release date: 17 June, internationally
Director: Angus MacLane
21. What do we know about Jurassic World: Dominion?
A. It focuses on saving animals.
B. It belongs to “Jurassic World” series.
C. The dinosaurs in it live in a theme park.
D. Its actors are totally different from the previous Jurassic films.
22. Whose film will you prefer if you want to make yourself laugh?
A. Jim Archer’s. B. Colin Trevorrow’s.
C. Angus MacLane’s. D. Mariano Cohn & Gastón Duprat’s.
23. What do Official Competition and Lightyear have in common?
A. They are typical cartoon movies.
B. They are released in the same month.
C. Their backgrounds involve workplace.
D. Their target audience are boys loving travelling.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章推荐了四部值得观看的电影。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一部电影介绍的前两句“It is the final film in the second trilogy (三部曲) of dinosaur-movies. It’s the first one that really deserves to be called “Jurassic World” rather than “Jurassic Park”.(这是第二部恐龙电影三部曲的最后一部。这是第一部真正值得被称为“侏罗纪世界”而不是“侏罗纪公园”的电影)”可知，这个电影属于侏罗纪世界的系列电影。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三部电影介绍的第一句“Not a typical science-fiction movie, Brian and Charles is a low-cost British comedy(Brian and Charles不是一部典型的科幻电影，它是一部低成本的英国喜剧)”和“Director: Jim Archer(导演：Jim Archer)”可知，Brian and Charles是一部低成本的英国喜剧片，适合那些想要让自己开怀大笑的观众，其导演是Jim Archer，因此如果你想让自己笑，你会喜欢Jim Archer的电影。故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二部电影介绍的“Release date: 1 June in France, 9 June in Singapore, 17 June in the US and 30 June in Germany(上映日期：6月1日在法国，6月9日在新加坡，6月17日在美国，6月30日在德国)”和第四部电影介绍中的“Release date: 17 June, internationally(上映日期：6月17日，国际上映)”可知，二者都是在6月上映。故选B。
B
You just never know when a skill you learned decades ago might come in handy.
Rosa was spending the day with her family at Thetis Lake when she heard a man crying out for help. The lake has a sudden drop-off, and the man was desperately trying to keep himself, his wife, and their son afloat. Rosa handed off her 4–month–old daughter to her mother and dashed down the hill and into the water.
Without thinking, Rosa dove into the water and swam hard for the family. When she reached them, they were so panicked that they repeatedly pushed her under the water, but Rosa didn’t give up. She tried to remember her lifeguard training—which was a long time ago when she was a teenager. Rosa was aiming for the drop-off ledge (平台), hoping to get the adults to a spot where they could touch the bottom. Yet as she approached the drop-off, Rosa couldn’t summon the strength to haul them all up. That’s when she heard the bystanders calling out encouragement from the shore. They responded by forming a human chain to drag Rosa and the family to shore!
Once they were safely out of the water, the family expressed their gratitude to Rosa and the others while gasping for breath. Rosa was relieved that those long–ago lessons returned to her when she needed them most, especially because she was never formally taught how to rescue groups! The heroic mom has now made it her mission to improve the safety of Thetis Lake. She’s requested more signage about the water drop–off and is campaigning to get lifeguards at beaches in the region.
Rosa insists she was just at the right place at the right time and says anyone would have done what she did, but we know a hero when we see one! Thank goodness this tough mother was there when that family needed her.
24. Why did Rosa dash into the lake?
A. To swim with her mother.
B. To rescue a drowning family.
C. To show her bravery to her daughter.
D. To teach a stranger how to swim safely.
25. What lifted Rosa up when she approached the drop–off?
A. Several swimmers’ timely appearance.
B. Her mother’s suggestions of being calm.
C. A lifeguard’s immediate response to danger.
D. Some strangers’ encouragement from the shore.
26. What made Rosa relieved?
A. Her family was saved at last.
B. She learned how to save groups.
C. Her former training worked in time.
D. She was highly honored for her kindness.
27. Which of the following can be used to describe Rosa?
A. Sensitive and curious. B. Cautious and patient.
C. Determined and flexible. D. Courageous and modest.
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Rosa和家人在湖边休闲放松时听到一名男子的呼救声，她看到男子及其家人在湖中溺水了，凭借着多年前所接受的救生训练，Rosa把这一家人安全救上了岸。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Rosa was spending the day with her family at Thetis Lake when she heard a man crying out for help. The lake has a sudden drop-off, and the man was desperately trying to keep himself, his wife, and their son afloat.Rosa handed off her 4–month–old daughter to her mother and dashed down the hill and into the water.(罗莎和家人正在Thetis湖度过一天，这时她听到了一个男人的呼救。突然掉进湖里，这个男人拼命想让自己、妻子和儿子浮在水面上。罗莎把她4个月大的女儿交给母亲，冲下山跳进水里。)”可知，当时Rosa听到一名男子在呼救，男子及其家人在湖中溺水了。由此可知，Rosa冲进湖里是为了救溺水的一家人。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“That’s when she heard the bystanders calling out encouragement from the shore.(就在这时，她听到岸上的旁观者在呼喊鼓励她。)”可知，湖边的一些陌生人在Rosa在水中救人时对其进行鼓励，这让她振作。故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“Rosa was relieved that those long–ago lessons returned to her when she needed them most, especially because she was never formally taught how to rescue groups!(罗莎感到欣慰的是，在她最需要的时候，那些很久以前的课又回到了她的身边，尤其是因为她从未被正式教过如何拯救群体！)”可知，Rose感到欣慰的是在最危急的时刻，她原来所学的救生技能发挥了作用。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Rosa was spending the day with her family at Thetis Lake when she heard a man crying out for help. The lake has a sudden drop-off, and the man was desperately trying to keep himself, his wife, and their son afloat. Rosa handed off her 4–month–old daughter to her mother and dashed down the hill and into the water.(罗莎和家人正在Thetis湖度过一天，这时她听到了一个男人的呼救。突然掉进湖里，这个男人拼命想让自己、妻子和儿子浮在水面上。罗莎把4个月大的女儿交给母亲，冲下山，跳进水里。)”可知，Rosa在看到陌生的一家人水中遇险时毫不犹豫地跳进水中进行营救，这说明她是一个勇敢的人；再根据最后一段“Rosa insists she was just at the right place at the right time and says anyone would have done what she did(罗莎坚持说，她只是在正确的时间出现在正确的地点，并说任何人都会做她所做的事)”可知，在救人之后，她说任何人遇到这种情况都会像她一样去救人，这又体现了她谦逊的特点，因此可用courageous和modest来描述Rosa。故选D。
C
There are 7,000 documented languages currently spoken across the world, but half of them could be endangered. It is predicted that 1,500 known languages may no longer be spoken by the end of this century.
Researchers analyzed thousands of languages to identify factors that put endangered ones at risk. The findings highlight a link between higher levels of schooling and language loss, as regionally dominant languages taught in class often overshadow indigenous (土著的) tongues. Additionally, the density of roads in an area is also to blame. “We found that the more roads there are, connecting countries to cities, and villages to towns, the higher the risk of languages being endangered. It’s as if roads are helping dominant languages ‘steam roll’ over other smaller languages,” said Professor Lindell Bromham, co–author of the study.
The study, published in Nature, Ecology and Evolution, estimates one language is currently lost within every three–month period. But levels of language loss could actually triple in the next 40 years, with at least one language per month disappearing unless measures are taken.
“When a language is lost, we lose so much of our human cultural diversity,” said Professor Bromham.“Luckily, many of the languages predicted to be lost this century still have fluent speakers, so there is still the chance to invest in supporting communities to restore indigenous languages.”
There are many Internet sites and apps to help new speakers learn languages like Spanish, English and Chinese, but these now extend to specialist apps designed to teach endangered languages or help preserve them. Ma! Iwaidja, for example, is an app that enables those working with speakers of the Iwaidja indigenous Australian language to record words, phrases and translations. Another initiative is the Rosetta Project, a global cooperation of language specialists and native speakers working to build an open–access digital library of human languages.
The UNESCO International Decade of Indigenous Languages (IDIL 2022–2032), which begins this year, also aims to engage the global community with the critical issue of language loss.
28. What is putting indigenous languages at risk of being endangered?
A. Their history. B. The way they are taught.
C. Exposure to the wider world. D. The influence of climate.
29. What do we know about language loss according to the study?
A. It is hard to predict. B. It will lead to human death.
C. It is getting worse. D. It is out of our control.
30. In Bromham’s opinion, which field is affected most by languages?
A. Economy. B. Technology. C. Globalization. D. Cultural diversity.
31. How does the author introduce the ways to restore indigenous languages?
A. By listing figures. B. By making definitions.
C. By making comparisons. D. By giving examples.
【答案】28. C 29. C 30. D 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是全世界目前在使用的有记载的语言有7000种，其中一半的语言可能濒临消失。据预测，到本世纪末，1500种已知的语言可能会不再被使用。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Additionally, the density of roads in an area is also to blame. “We found that the more roads there are, connecting countries to cities, and villages to towns, the higher the risk of languages being endangered.(此外，一个地区的道路密度也是原因之一。“我们发现，连接国家和城市、村庄和城镇的道路越多，语言受到威胁的风险就越高)”可知，接触更广阔的世界是土著语言消失的原因之一。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The study, published in Nature, Ecology and Evolution, estimates one language is currently lost within every three–month period. But levels of language loss could actually triple in the next 40 years, with at least one language per month disappearing unless measures are taken.(这项发表在《自然、生态与进化》杂志上的研究估计，目前每三个月就有一种语言消失。但是，如果不采取措施，在未来40年里，语言消失的程度实际上可能会增加两倍，每个月至少会有一种语言消失)”可知，语言消失的情况正越来越严重。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When a language is lost, we lose so much of our human cultural diversity(当一种语言消失时，我们就失去了人类文化的多样性)”可知，在Bromham看来，语言对文化多样性的影响最大。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Ma! Iwaidja, for example, is an app that enables those working with speakers of the Iwaidja indigenous Australian language to record words, phrases and translations. Another initiative is the Rosetta Project, a global cooperation of language specialists and native speakers working to build an open–access digital library of human languages.(例如，Ma! Iwaidja是一款应用程序，可以让那些与说澳大利亚土著语言Iwaidja的人一起工作的人记录单词、短语和翻译。另一项倡议是Rosetta Project，这是一项由语言专家和母语使用者组成的全球合作项目，致力于建立一个开放获取的人类语言数字图书馆)”和最后一段的“The UNESCO International Decade of Indigenous Languages (IDIL 2022–2032), which begins this year, also aims to engage the global community with the critical issue of language loss.(今年开始的教科文组织的IDIL 2022–2032也旨在让全球社会关注语言丧失这一关键问题)”可知，作者通过举例子的方式介绍了恢复土著语言的方法。故选D。
D
Sending human travelers to Mars would require scientists and engineers to overcome a range of technological and safety obstacles. One of them is the serious risk posed by particle (粒子) radiation from the sun, distant stars and galaxies (星系).
Answering two key questions would go a long way toward overcoming that difficulty: Would particle radiation pose too serious a threat to human life throughout a round trip to the red planet? And, could the very timing of a mission to Mars help shield astronauts and the spacecraft from the radiation?
In a new article published in the journal Space Weather, an international team of space scientists, including researchers from UCLA, answers those two questions with a “no” and a “yes.” That is, humans should be able to safely travel to and from Mars, provided that the spacecraft has sufficient shielding and the round trip is shorter than approximately four years. And the timing of a human mission to Mars would indeed make a difference: The scientists determined that the best time for a flight to leave Earth would be when solar activity is at its peak, because, during this period, the most dangerous and energetic particles from distant galaxies are deflected (偏转) by the enhanced solar activity.
A trip of that length would be imaginable. The average flight to Mars takes about nine months, so depending on the timing of launch and available fuel, it is reasonable that a human mission could reach the planet and return to Earth in less than two years, according to Yuri Shprits, a UCLA research geophysicist and co–author of the paper.
“This study shows that while space radiation impose (强加) strict limitations on how heavy the spacecraft can be and the time of launch, and it presents technological difficulties for human missions to Mars, such a mission is possible,” said Shprits, who also is head of space physics and space weather at GFZ Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam, Germany.
32 What’s the function of the first paragraph?
A. To list human’s achievements in space.
B. To show a possible way to travel to Mars.
C. To introduce scientists’ effort to travel to Mars.
D. To present one of the difficulties of the trip to Mars.
33. What does the underlined word “shield” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Escape. B. Approach. C. Protect. D. Separate.
34. How long can a round trip to Mars last considering the safety of astronauts and the spacecraft?
A. About 9 years. B. Less than 4 years.
C. Only 5 years. D. More than 6 years.
35. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Will It Be Safe for Humans to Fly to Mars?
B. Humans Will Travel to Mars in Two Years
C. The Timing of a Trip to Mars Is Planned
D. Particle Radiation Changes for the Solar Activity
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是前往火星的旅程中，人类将会受到太空中的粒子辐射的影响。科学家认为，恰当的启程时间和合理的旅行周期将能确保宇航员的安全。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“One of them is the serious risk posed by particle (粒子) radiation from the sun,distant stars and galaxies (星系).(其中之一是来自太阳、遥远恒星和星系的粒子辐射带来的严重风险)”和第二段的“Answering two key questions would go a long way toward overcoming that difficulty(回答两个关键问题将对克服这一困难大有帮助)”可推知，第一段的作用是介绍人类前往火星需要克服的一个难题。故选D。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后的“from the radiation(从辐射)”可知，此处作者提出疑问：前往火星的恰当时机能否保护宇航员和宇宙飞船免受辐射的伤害。由此可知，shield意为“保护；保卫”，与protect意思相近。故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“That is, humans should be able to safely travel to and from Mars, provided that the spacecraft has sufficient shielding and the round trip is shorter than approximately four years.(也就是说，人类应该能够安全地往返火星，前提是宇宙飞船有足够的屏蔽，往返时间不超过大约4年)”可知，人类安全地往返火星是可行的，前提是宇宙飞船有足够的保护，而且往返时间少于四年。故选B。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Answering two key questions would go a long way toward overcoming that difficulty: Would particle radiation pose too serious a threat to human life throughout a round trip to the red planet? And, could the very timing of a mission to Mars help shield astronauts and the spacecraft from the radiation?(回答两个关键问题将对克服这一困难大有帮助：粒子辐射是否会在往返火星的过程中对人类生命构成太严重的威胁？而且，前往火星的时间是否能够帮助宇航员和宇宙飞船免受辐射的伤害？)”和第三段的“That is, humans should be able to safely travel to and from Mars, provided that the spacecraft has sufficient shielding and the round trip is shorter than approximately four years.(也就是说，人类应该能够安全地往返火星，前提是宇宙飞船有足够的屏蔽，往返时间不超过大约4年)”可知，本文主要讲的是人类前往火星将会受到太空中的粒子辐射的影响。科学家认为合适的启程时间和合理的旅行周期将能确保宇航员的安全，故A项“Will It Be Safe for Humans to Fly to Mars?(人类飞往火星会是安全的吗？)”可作本文标题，故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Self-concept is how we perceive our behaviors, abilities, and unique characteristics. For example, beliefs such as “I am a good friend” or “I am a kind person” are part of an overall self-concept.____36____It also affects how we feel about the person we think we are, including whether we are competent or if we have self-worth.
____37____Ideal self: The ideal self is the person you want to be. Self-image: It refers to how you see yourself at this moment in time. Self-esteem: How much you like, accept, and value yourself all contribute to your self-concept.
Self-concept develops, in part, through our interaction with others.____38____For instance, one study found that the more a teacher believes in a high-performing student's abilities, the higher that student’s self-concept will be.
The media plays a role in self–concept development as well—both mass media and social media. ____39____And the more often these ideals are presented, the more they affect our self-identity and self-perception.
Self-concept can change. Our environment plays a role in this process. Places that hold a lot of meaning to us actively contribute to our future self-concept through both the way we relate these environments to ourselves and how society relates to them.____40____This is particularly true with regard to individuals in our lives who are in leadership roles. They can impact the collective self (the self in social groups) and the relational self (the self in relationships).
A. Self-concept can develop in a number of ways.
B. It helps people understand why they feel the way they do.
C. It is believed that self-concept is made up of three different parts.
D. Self-concept can also change based on the people with whom we interact.
E. Our self-concept is important because it affects our attitudes and behaviors.
F. When these media promote certain ideals, we're more likely to make them our own.
G. Our family members, close friends and even others can contribute to our self-concept.
【答案】36. E 37. C 38. G 39. F 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，主要介绍了自我概念的定义、作用及其影响因素。
【36题详解】
根据下文“It also affects how we feel about the person we think we are, including whether we are competent or if we have self-worth. (它还会影响我们对自己的看法，包括我们是否有能力或是否有自我价值)”中“also affects”可知，设空句也会讲到自我概念的影响，E项“Our self-concept is important because it affects our attitudes and behaviors.(我们的自我概念很重要，因为它影响我们的态度和行为)”中“it affects our attitudes and behaviors”与下文构成并列关系，共同构成“Our self-concept is important”的原因，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【37题详解】
下文“Ideal self: The ideal self is the person you want to be. Self-image: It refers to how you see yourself at this moment in time. Self-esteem: How much you like, accept, and value yourself all contribute to your self-concept.(理想的自己：理想的自己是你想成为的人。自我形象：它指的是你如何看待此刻的自己。自尊：你有多喜欢自己、接受自己、重视自己，这些都决定了你的自我概念)”介绍了Ideal self、Self-image和Self-esteem三个与自我相关的概念，照应C项“It is believed that self-concept is made up of three different parts.(人们认为自我概念由三个不同的部分组成)”中“self-concept is made up of three different parts”，是对C项内容的解释说明，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
【38题详解】
上文“Self-concept develops, in part, through our interaction with others.(在某种程度上，自我概念是通过我们与他人的互动发展起来的)”提出与他人的互动帮助我们发展自我概念，G项“Our family members, close friends and even others can contribute to our self-concept.(我们的家庭成员，亲密的朋友，甚至其他人都对我们的自我概念有帮助)”承接上文，进一步说明“others”包括的对象，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
【39题详解】
上文“The media plays a role in self–concept development as well—both mass media and social media. (媒体，大众媒体和社交媒体，在自我概念的发展中也起着作用)”提出媒体对自我概念的发展的影响，F项“When these media promote certain ideals, we’re more likely to make them our own. (当这些媒体宣扬某种理想时，我们更有可能把它们变成自己的理想)”承接上文，进一步说明媒体如何影响自我概念的发展，句中“these media”与上文“both mass media and social media”相应照应。故选F项。
【40题详解】
根据段首标题“Self-concept can change.(自我概念可以改变)”可知，本段讲自我概念的改变，D项“Self-concept can also change based on the people with whom we interact.(自我概念也会根据我们交往的人而改变)”讲自我概念会根据我们交往的人而改变，与上文“Our environment plays a role in this process.(我们的环境在这个过程中发挥了作用)”构成并列关系，照应本段主题。故选D项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Dreams are like stars. You may never touch them, but if you follow them they will lead you to success.
My daughter had talent for acting. When Alex was accepted into New York University’s musical theater program, I____41____the dress I’d wear to her Broadway debut(首秀). But now she decided to be an exercise instructor. It was____42____for me.
“I thought____43____at gyms was just to pay the bills until you got your big break?” I asked when Alex____44____her full–time job at a gym called Equinox in New York City.
“Acting was my childhood dream.” she explained. “I loved____45____,but my adult self wants to help people be ____46____.
Even after Alex earned her personal training certification, I still couldn’t accept her____47____.
When the COVID-19 crisis shut New York’s gyms, and Alex returned jobless to Richmond, my____48____of working on her acting website was rejected. Instead, she launched online kettlebell classes and rounded up clients using social media. Her____49____took off, and our house became her virtual studio until she returned to Manhattan in August 2020.
One day I signed up for her private sessions. In between dead lift(拼全力一举) sets, I asked, “What are you doing to find a real job?”
Alex pointed to her waist,_____50_____my form. “Mom, this is my_____51_____. I’m growing a business.” And she was. Soon she was making more than what she ever did in gyms and had total_____52_____of her schedule. I was one of many who_____53_____from her patient encouragement. Over time, my lower-back pain disappeared and I could lift a heavy box_____54_____. Through my training, I learned she knew the right_____55_____for her.
41. A. expected B. withdrew C. pictured D. treasured
42. A. vital B. hard C. inspiring D. touching
43. A. exercising B. hanging C. struggling D. teaching
44. A. announced B. landed C. changed D. rejected
45. A. training B. trying C. performing D. socializing
46. A. active B. healthy C. positive D. ambitious
47. A. proposal B. progress C. refusal D. decision
48. A. suggestion B. opportunity C. knowledge D. dream
49. A. profession B. business C. research D. organization
50. A. spotting B. describing C. admiring D. correcting
51. A. job B. hobby C. progress D. instruction
52. A. lack B. ignorance C. control D. understanding
53. A. restored B. benefited C. resulted D. grew
54. A. exactly B. extremely C. slightly D. easily
55. A. method B. person C. path D. position
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. D 51. A 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的女儿有表演的天赋，但执意做一名健身教练，对此作者一开始很不理解，但最后她认可了女儿的选择。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当亚历克斯被纽约大学的音乐剧专业录取时，我想象着我将穿着礼服去看她在百老汇的首演。A. expected期待；B. withdrew撤回；C. pictured想象，憧憬；D. treasured珍视。根据“My daughter had talent for acting. When Alex was accepted into New York University’s musical theater program”可知，作者的女儿有表演天赋，所以当女儿被纽约大学的音乐剧课程录取时，作者想象着女儿初次在百老汇登台时自己会穿的衣服。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对我来说太难了。A. vital重要的；B. hard困难的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. touching感人的。根据本段第一句“My daughter had talent for acting.”以及空前一句“But now she decided to be an exercise instructor.”可知，作者的女儿有表演天赋，但是她却决定做一名健身教练，因此作者难以理解女儿的做法。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我以为在健身房教课只是为了支付账单，直到你有一个大的突破？”A. exercising锻炼；B. hanging悬挂；C. struggling斗争，挣扎；D. teaching教。根据上文“she decided to be an exercise instructor”可知，此处指在健身房教人健身。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当亚历克斯宣布她在纽约市一家名为Equinox的健身房全职工作时，我问道。A. announced宣布；B. landed降落，着陆；C. changed改变；D. rejected排斥。根据空前的“‘I thought... until you got your big break?’ I asked...“可知，作者质疑女儿的选择，故此处指女儿宣布了她的全职工作。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢表演，但成年后的我想帮助人们保持健康。A. training训练；B. trying尝试；C. performing表现，表演；D. socializing交际。根据空前的“Acting was my childhood dream”可知，此处指女儿说她曾经喜欢表演。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. active活跃的；B. healthy健康的；C. positive积极的；D. ambitious有野心的。根据常识可知，健身教练能指导别人如何保持健康。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使在亚历克斯获得了她的个人训练证书后，我仍然不能接受她的决定。A. proposal提议；B. progress进展，进步；C. refusal拒绝；D. decision决定。上文提到女儿决定做一名健身教练，再结合语境可知，即使女儿拿到了她的培训资格证书，作者仍然无法接受她的决定。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当新冠肺炎危机关闭了纽约的健身房，亚历克斯失业回到里士满，我建议为她的表演网站工作，但被拒绝了。A. suggestion建议；B. opportunity机会；C. knowledge知识；D. dream梦想。根据空后的“of working on her acting website”可知，此处指作者给女儿的建议。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的事业迅速发展，我们的房子成了她的虚拟工作室，直到2020年8月她回到曼哈顿。A. profession职业；B. business事业，生意；C. research研究，探索；D. organization组织。根据空后的“our house became her virtual studio”可知，女儿的事业成功了。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯指着她的腰，纠正我的姿势。A. spotting看见；B. describing描述；C. admiring钦佩；D. correcting改正。根据空前的“Alex pointed to her waist”并结合选项可知，此处指当教练的女儿正在纠正作者的姿势。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈，这是我的工作。A. job工作；B. hobby爱好；C. progress进步；D. instruction指导。根据上文作者问女儿的问题“What are you doing to find a real job?”可知，job 符合此处语境，女儿在回答作者这就是她的工作。 故选A。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，她赚的钱就超过了她在健身房时的收入，并且可以完全控制自己的日程安排。A. lack缺乏；B. ignorance无知；C. control控制；D. understanding理解。根据空前的“Soon she was making more than what she ever did in gyms”可知，女儿的事业取得了更大的进展，再根据空前的 and 可知，此处也是她进步的一个方面，再结合选项可知，此处指她能完全掌控自己的工作计划了。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是许多从她的耐心鼓励中受益的人之一。A. restored修复；B. benefited使受益；C. resulted因……发生；D. grew成长。根据下一句中的“Over time, my lower-back pain disappeared”可知，一段时间以后，作者后背的下部不疼了，故作者参加女儿的健身课程后受益了。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我的下背部疼痛消失了，我可以轻松地提起一个沉重的箱子。A. exactly确切地；B. extremely非常；C. slightly轻微地；D. easily容易地。根据上文可知，通过参加女儿的健身课程，作者后背的下部不疼了，由此可推知，此处指作者可以轻松地提起一个沉重的箱子了。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过我的训练，我了解她知道对她来说正确的道路。A. method方法；B. person人；C. path道路，小径；D. position位置。根据上文可知，作者的女儿坚持自己想从事的职业，并在事业上取得了很大的进展，故此处指作者意识到了女儿知道适合自己的正确道路。故选C。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to a report on the traditional culture trend in 2021,____56____(release) on Feb. 3 by Bilibili, an online video–sharing platform popular among younger people, more than 177 million of the platform’s users were in favor of____57____(video) featuring traditional culture.
That approval reflected the way the “China Chic” (中国风) phenomenon has been____58____(warm) embraced by the younger generation in recent years.
China Chic, or guochao, features fancy designs mixed____59____elements from traditional culture. It became widely known in 2018 after the sportswear brand Li–Ning took the fashion world by storm with its oriental–style designs at New York Fashion Week. That led to____60____increasing number of Chinese brands joining the trend and creating a wave of China Chic.
China Chic has changed from a consumption trend to a cultural phenomenon. The 2022 Winter Olympic Games in Beijing can be seen as a good example of____61____young people have embraced China Chic. Young athletes ____62____(wear) sports clothing bearing Chinese elements, such as dragons and pandas.
China Chic expresses traditional culture with the language of pop culture, bringing it____63____(close) to young people and making it more acceptable to them. Eager to show their personalities to the world, young people find national identity a good way to distinguish____64____(they) from others, and culture is the perfect medium____65____(explain) why young people are passionate about traditional culture.
【答案】56. released
57. videos 58. warmly
59. with 60. an
61. how 62. wore
63. closer 64. themselves
65. to explain
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过分析和举例说明了“中国风”现象受到了年轻一代的热烈欢迎。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在年轻人中很受欢迎的在线视频分享平台哔哩哔哩2月3日发布的《2021年传统文化趋势报告》显示，该平台超过1.77亿用户喜欢传统文化视频。句中谓语是were，空格处用非谓语动词，report和release之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填released。
【57题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：在年轻人中很受欢迎的在线视频分享平台哔哩哔哩2月3日发布的《2021年传统文化趋势报告》显示，该平台超过1.77亿用户喜欢传统文化视频。video是可数名词，不止一个，因此空格处用复数videos，故填videos。
【58题详解】
考查副词。句意：这种认可反映了“中国风”现象近年来受到年轻一代的热烈欢迎。空格处用副词warmly修饰动词embraced，warmly意为“热烈地”，故填warmly。
【59题详解】
考查介词。句意：“中国风”的特点是花哨的设计与传统文化元素相结合。mix... with为固定短语，表示“与……融合”，因此空格处是介词with，故填with。
【60题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这导致越来越多的中国品牌加入这一潮流，并创造了一波中国风。an increasing number of意为“越来越多的”，表故填an。
【61题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：2022年北京冬奥会可以被视为年轻人接受中国风的一个很好的例子。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中不缺成分，根据语境可知，句子表示“2022年北京冬奥会可以被视为年轻人是如何接受中国风的一个很好的例子”，空格处意为“如何”，用how引导宾语从句，故填how。
【62题详解】
考查时态。句意：年轻的运动员穿着带有中国元素的运动服，比如龙和熊猫。句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式wore，故填wore。
【63题详解】
考查比较级。句意：China Chic用流行文化的语言表达传统文化，让传统文化更贴近年轻人，更容易被年轻人接受。由“more acceptable”可知，空格处用比较级closer，故填closer。
【64题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：年轻人渴望向世界展示自己的个性，他们发现国家身份是区分自己和他人的好方法，而文化是解释为什么年轻人对传统文化充满热情的完美媒介。分析句子可知，空处为宾语，由句意可知，主语young people与宾语为同一人群，所以此处用反身代词themselves作宾语。故填themselves。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：年轻人渴望向世界展示自己的个性，他们发现国家身份是区分自己和他人的好方法，而文化是解释为什么年轻人对传统文化充满热情的完美媒介。分析句子可知，此处用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰前面的名词medium。故填to explain。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 书面表达（满分15分）
66. 假如你是李华，在上周举办的主题为“Music Star”的校音乐节上，你演唱了一首歌并且赢得了一等奖。请你写邮件给你的英国笔友Carl，分享你的经历和感受。内容包括：
1.歌名和选择这首歌的原因；
2.这首歌带给你的感受或影响。
注意：
1词数80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Carl,
How is everything going?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Carl,
How is everything going? Our school held a music festival themed “Music Star” last week. To my delight, I won the first prize in singing at the music festival.
The song I chose to sing was My Motherland and Me. Because it enjoys wide popularity, there’s no doubt that it attracted the audience’s attention when I started to sing. I fell in love with the song the first time I heard it. It makes me feel greatly proud of being a Chinese and gives me courage and love.
What do you think of the song? I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Carl写封邮件，分享参加主题为“Music Star”的校音乐节的经历和感受。内容包括：1.歌名和选择这首歌的原因；2.这首歌带给你的感受或影响。
【详解】1.词汇积累
选择：choose→select
开始：start→begin
让某人高兴的是：to one’s delight→to one’s joy
吸引某人的注意：attract one’s attention→draw one’s attention
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Our school held a music festival themed “Music Star” last week.
拓展句：Our school held a music festival whose theme was “Music Star” last week.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The song I chose to sing was My Motherland and Me. (运用了省略关系代词引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Because it enjoys wide popularity, there’s no doubt that it attracted the audience’s attention when I started to sing. (运用了because引导的原因状语从句，that引导的同位语从句和when引导的时间状语从句)
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Spreading Kindness Around the World
“Mom, we want to write a book,” my five-year-old twins, Delilah and Nathenial, told me one day.
I looked at my kids curiously. “What do you mean?”
Are they joking? I thought. I don’t know the first thing about getting a book published. Still, I didn’t want to squash their creativity. “Okay…what do you want it to be about?”
“An envelope that travels all over the world spreading kindness,” Nathenial said, his eyes shining.
Over the next few months,my kids dreamed up more of the story. The main characters were a pair of twins just like them. I wrote down everything, making sure not to miss a detail. The kids even sketched scenes with colored pencils.
The theme of Delilah and Nathenial’s story was being kind to others, no matter how little you might have. I wondered if that was partly because I’d told them what my life had been like when I was their age.
I remember my father died when I was five. My mom, younger sister and I ended up on the streets,sleeping in parks and homeless hotels for more than a year. I found myself standing in any line I could to get donated food.
Despite—or maybe because of—our hardships, I tried to help others. I handed out snacks to people who were homeless, took in stray (走失的) animals and helped give out donations at a church where the woman in charge would send me home with food. After I gave birth to our twins, I not only taught them to be kind but also to make sure they knew that anything was possible.
I guess I did a pretty good job, because here the twins were, at age five, managed to write a book. After we self-published The Magical Envelope last Children’s Day, the kids decided to donate it to the kindergarten in our community.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The twins, now eight, continue to amaze me.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My kids understand more about the hardship I endured.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 The twins, now eight, continue to amaze me. They’re creating a coloring-book version of The Magical Envelope. They’re setting up a Facebook page to share what they’re doing and get others involved. They plan to open Delilah and Nathenial’s Magical Cat Café in the future. They remind me we can always think bigger and do more. Anything is possible if you believe. I was proud of my kids—for their big dreams and big hearts.
My kids understand more about the hardship I endured. They are determined to help more people out of trouble. Not long ago, I was watching them make sandwiches for people in desperate need, and for people who were willing to stand in whatever line they could to get food. All I could think of was that I was one of those people. I could not hold my tears. “Are you okay, Mom?” Delilah asked. I blinked back tears. “Yes.” I said. “My heart is full.” Full of faith, hope and big dreams.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的双胞胎孩子告诉作者自己想写一本书，作者同意了，孩子们说想写关于传播善意的书，作者帮双胞胎写下故事，孩子们甚至还画了一些场景，作者觉得孩子们之所以知道要善待他人是因为作者告诉了孩子们自己以前的生活是什么样的，作者回忆了以前的生活以及对双胞胎的教诲，这本书出版后，孩子们决定把它捐给社区的幼儿园。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“这对双胞胎现在8岁了，他们继续给我带来惊喜。”可知，第一段可描写孩子们所做的让作者惊喜的一些事情。
②由第二段首句内容“我的孩子们更理解我所经历的苦难。”可知，第二段可描写孩子们帮助他人及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：
孩子们创作彩色画册——孩子们建立Facebook页面——作者感到骄傲——孩子们帮助有困难人——作者的感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①建立：set up/build up
②帮助：help/assist
③哭：can not hold one’s tears/can’t help crying
情绪类
①骄傲：be proud of/take pride in
②下定决心：be determined to do/take the resolution to do
【点睛】[高分句型1] They’re setting up a Facebook page to share what they’re doing and get others involved. (由what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Not long ago, I was watching them make sandwiches for people in desperate need, and for people who were willing to stand in whatever line they could to get food. (由关系代词who引导限制性定语从句)