2022-2023学年天津市第一中学高三上学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年天津市第一中学高三上学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版），共20页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。

天津一中2022-2023-1高三年级一月考英语试卷
第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共115分）
第一部分：听力测试（共两节，满分20分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man mean?
A. The alarm bell is very good.
B. The gate keeper should replace the alarm bell.
C. They don’t have to change the alarm bell.
2. When will the man arrive?
A. At 8:45. B. At 9:15. C. At 9:50.
3. Who will make the decision?
A. The man. B. The woman. C. The waiter.
4. Where does this conversation take place?
A. At an airport. B. At a railway station. C. At a post office.
5. Why was the man late?
A. His daughter was sick. B. He didn’t want to work. C. He had a stomachahce.
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
听下面3段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6. How long did the man sleep last night?
A. For five hours. B. For two hours. C. For three hours.
7. Why didn’t the man come to the party?
A. He didn’t like the party. B. He got home late. C. He left work late and had a headache.
8. What does the woman advise the man to do first?
A. Take a sleep pill. B. Take a painkiller. C. Have some exercise.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9. What kind of seats does the man want?
A. The ones next to each other. B. The ones next to the gate. C. The ones whose numbers are 2 and 10.
10. When will the man watch the match?
A. On Thursday evening. B. On Friday evening. C. On Sunday evening.
11. How much will the man pay for the tickets?
A. Five dollars. B. Twenty dollars. C. Ten dollars.
听第8段材料，回答第12至15题。
12. What is the passage mainly talking about?
A. The United States. B. The life of deaf people. C. Special news programs for the deaf.
13. How is the news reported for deaf people?
A. By using words. B. By using pictures. C. By using sign language.
14. What does “putting two hands together” mean?
A. A sandwich. B. A house. C. Quiet.
15. How does the actor express “Quiet”?
A. By standing up. B. By pointing to his mouth. C. By waving his hands.
第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. The customer praised the manager, who, ______ praised his staff.
A. at random B. by chance C. in turn D. on occasion
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：顾客表扬了经理，经理转而表扬了他的员工。A. at random随机；B. by chance偶然地；C. in turn转而；D. on occasion偶尔。根据“The customer praised the manager”和“praised his staff”可知，此处是指经理转而表扬了他的员工。故选C。
2. --- I went to the ticket office, but the tickets had been sold out already.
--- You could have yourself an unnecessary trip by phoning in advance.
A. prevented B. made
C. enjoyed D. spared
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词辨析。A. prevented阻止；B. made制造；C. enjoyed喜爱；D. spared抽出。句意：——我去了售票处，但是票已经卖完了。——你本可以提前打电话，避免不必要的旅行。结合句意可知答案为D。
3. — Frank, you need to refresh yourself with a cup of coffee.
—Yeah, I went to bed very late last night, ________, early this morning.
A. rather than B. what’s more C. or rather D. what’s worse
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：——弗兰克，你需要喝杯咖啡来提神。——是的，我昨晚很晚才睡，或者更确切地说，今天凌晨才睡。A. rather than而不是；B. what’s more此外；C. or rather更确切地说；D. what’s worse更糟的是。根据后文“early this morning”可知弗兰克更确切地说是凌晨才睡的。故选C。
4. —What do you think of teaching，Bob?
—I find it fun and challenging.It is a job ________ you are doing something serious but interesting.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——你认为教书怎么样，鲍勃？——我发现它有趣，有挑战性。是一个你做严肃有趣的事情的工作。本题定语从句的先行词是job，从句的结构是主谓宾结构，定语关系代词在从句中只能充当地点状语，用关系副词where。故选A。
5. The committee has rejected our proposal. ______, they have brought forward an alternative plan.
A. Therefore B. However C. Instead D. Besides
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：委员会拒绝了我们的建议。相反，他们提出了另一个计划。A. Therefore 因此；B. However然而； C. Instead 代替；相反；D. Besides而且；此外。结合空处前后文可知，此处指作为替代的是，他们提出了一个可替换的计划。故选C。
6. It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money ______ favor to them.
A. in preference to B. in place C. in agreement with D. in exchange for
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语词义辨新。句意：公职人员向人们索取礼物或金钱以换取对他们的帮助是违法的。A.in preference to优先于……；B.in place在对的位置；C.in agreement with与……一致;；D.in exchange for交换。根据句意可知，公职人员向人们索取礼物或金钱以换取对他们的帮助是违法的。故选D项。
7. His idea of having weekly family meals together，which seemed difficult at first，has ______ many good changes in their lives.
A. got through B. resulted from C. turned into D. brought about
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一开始似乎很难做到的一周一次的家庭聚餐给他们的生活带来了许多好的变化。A. got through度过；B. resulted from起因于；C. turned into变成；D. brought about带来。根据句意可知，此处用“带来改变”符合语境，故选D项。
8. About 30,000 people are said ______ this first exhibition. It was surely a success.
A. to attend B. to be attending C. to be attended D. to have attended
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据说大约有3万人参加了第一次展览。这无疑是成功的。短语be said to do sth.表示“据说……”，此处表示动作已经完成应用to have done形式。故选D。
9. —A man answered the phone. I suppose it was her husband.
—It ______ her husband. He has been dead for ages.
A. mustn’t be B. couldn’t have been C. may not have been D. mustn’t have been
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：——一个男人接的电话。我想是她的丈夫。——不可能是她丈夫。他已经死了好多年了。A. mustn’t be禁止；B. couldn’t have been过去不可能是；C. may not have been也许不是；D. mustn’t have been错误用法。由“He has been dead for ages”可知，接电话的不可能是他丈夫，表示“过去不可能是”用couldn’t have been，故选B。
10. The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times ______ it finally came to include the sense “pleasant”.
A. since B. when C. unless D. before
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：“nice”这个词的意思经过了几次变化，才最终包含了“愉快的”的意思。A. since自从；B. when当……时；C. unless除非；D. before在……之前。根据句意可知，在“nice”有“愉快的”含义之前，经历了几次变化。且before还可根据语境意译为“才；就”，本句意译为“才”。故选D。
11. —I have some big news for you. You’ve been accepted as a member of our baseball team.
—______ That’s great!
A. Have I? B. Pardon? C. Congratulations! D. Good for you!
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际用语。句意：——我有个重大消息要告诉你。你已经被我们棒球队接收成一名队员了。——有我吗？太好了。A.Have I?有我吗；B.Pardon?再说一遍；C.Congratulations!祝贺你；D.Good for you!对你有好处。根据下文“That’s great!”可知，A选项符合语境和句意。故选A。
12. ______ to creating his new work, the famous composer has forgotten food and sleep recently.
A. Devoting B. Devoted C. Being devoted D. Having devoted
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位著名的作曲家最近一直致力于创作他的新作品，忘记了吃饭和睡觉。分析可知，逗号前的内容在句中为状语，结合搭配：devote oneself to doing sth.“致力于某事”，可知句子主语the famous composer与动词devote为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词，结合选项，选项B符合题意，故选B。
13. —What do you think of the Great Wall of China?
—Splendid! When I was in Beijing, I ________ it twice.
A. had visited B. visited
C. have visited D. would visit
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：——你认为中国的长城怎么样？——好极了！在北京的时候我参观过两次。根据“When I was in Beijing”可知，此处用一般过去时，故B项正确。
14. The gold medal will be awarded to ______ wins the first place in the bicycle race.
A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：金牌将授予在自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。A.who谁，一般用作主语；B.whom谁，一般用作宾语；C.whoever无论谁，一般用作主语；D. whomever无论谁，一般用作宾语。设空处接在介词to后，引导宾语从句，在从句中做主语，强调无论是谁在自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。故选C。
15. At the routine office meeting, the headmaster insisted the problems ______ paid special attention to.
A. referred to being B. referred to be C. refer to being D. refer to be
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词，虚拟语气。句意：在办公室例行会议上，校长坚持要特别注意提到的问题。分析句子成分可知，“insisted”后为宾语从句，因为“insist”词义为“坚持要求”时，引导的宾语从句应用虚拟语气(should) do，又因宾语从句的主语为“the problems”，所以谓语动词应为(should) be done；“refer to”词义为“涉及，提到”，应为过去分词形式作后置定语修饰前面的名词“the problems”。故选B。
第二节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
My son Jacob was intelligent and good-looking, but he possessed the disturbing negative attitude. Despite my ___16___, I couldn't convince him to choose to count his blessings.
Something had to be done. I bought every ___17___, and read every article. If the Internet had been ___18___ then, I would have Googled for weeks to find the information I needed to ___19___ his negativity. With the help of great resources, I developed my ___20___.
The day came when I was ready to put my new ___21___ to work. Jacob came home from school and as usual began to tick off his list of the ___22___things that had happened at school. I listened ___23___, making my eye contact and ___24___ with empathy before I asked, “What good things happened today, Jake?”
His response was what I ___25___, “Nothing.”
“Something good had to happen. You were there for six hours, ”I ___26___. Then I waited.
At last, he ___27___, “I did get to dust the erasers. With Brandon.”
“You mean you did it with your best friend? You're one ___28___ child, if you ask me!”
“Yeah, I guess I am.” Jacob ___29___ with his head back and his shoulders squared.
This began a daily ___30___ for us. Jacob came to understand the power of a ___31___ perspective, but the path to get there seemed to ___32___ him at times. Then I would encourage him to see things ___33___, and he would get back on the track of choosing to see the positive and losing the negative attitude. It was a ___34___,but he was making headway. I was convinced my hard work was ___35___.
16. A. promise B. efforts C. skills D. concern
17. A. toy B. album C. dictionary D. book
18. A. available B. suitable C. stable D. reliable
19. A. improve B. defeat C. evaluate D. recognize
20. A. strategy B. habit C. vision D. intelligence
21. A. data B. information C. belief D. tool
22 A. challenging B. impressive C. terrible D. embarrassing
23. A. cautiously B. impatiently C. attentively D. sympathetically
24. A. nodding B. praying C. applauding D. exchanging
25. A. suspected B. found C. expected D. considered
26. A. begged B. demanded C. urged D. encouraged
27. A. swore B. admitted C. complained D. concluded
28. A. lucky B. brave C. honest D. outgoing
29. A. jumped B. insisted C. froze D. remarked
30. A. check B. meeting C. schedule D. exercise
31. A. positive B. serious C. distinctive D. unique
32. A. fail B. beat C. escape D. challenge
33. A. independently B. differently C. simply D. clearly
34. A. choice B. struggle C. problem D. lesson
35. A. taking off B. ending up C. paying off D. piling up
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. A 21. D 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的儿子有一种消极的态度，而且始终无法被战胜，于是作者在大量资源的帮助下，制定了自己的策略，开始通过询问学校里发生的好事来引导儿子关注积极乐观的力量。最终儿子渐渐明白了积极乐观的力量，取得了进展，让作者觉得自己的努力都是值得的。
【16题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我努力了，我还是没能说服他选择感恩。A. promise承诺；B. efforts努力；C. skills技能；D. concern关心。根据后文“I couldn't convince him to choose to count his blessings”可知作者为了让儿子积极起来尝试了各种努力，还是没能成功。故选B。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我买了所有的书，读了所有的文章。A. toy玩具；B. album专辑；C. dictionary字典；D. book书。根据后文“and read every article”可知是阅读书上的文章。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果那时能上网，我就会在谷歌上搜索几周，找到我需要的信息来战胜他的消极情绪。A. available可供使用的；B. suitable适当的；C. stable稳定的；D. reliable可靠的。根据上文“If the Internet had been”可知是对过去事实的假设，指能上网短语为be available。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果那时能上网，我就会在谷歌上搜索几周，找到我需要的信息来战胜他的消极情绪。A. improve改善；B. defeat击败；C. evaluate评价；D. recognize识别。根据前后文“find the information I needed to … his negativity”可知，指作者找到能战胜儿子消极情绪的信息，defeat符合语境。故选B。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在大量资源的帮助下，我制定了自己的策略。A. strategy策略；B. habit习惯；C. vision视力；D. intelligence智力。根据上文“With the help of great resources, I developed my”可知，作者为了让儿子改掉消极情绪的习惯，在各种资源的帮助下，制定了自己的策略，strategy符合语境。故选A。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：终于有一天，我准备使用我的新工具了。A. data数据；B. information信息；C. belief信念；D. tool工具。上文提到作者通过各种资源制定了自己帮助儿子战胜消极情绪的策略，所以此处是指作者使用这一新工具来帮助儿子，tool符合语境。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：雅克布从学校回到家，像往常一样开始细数在学校里所发生的糟糕的事情。A. challenging挑战的；B. impressive令人印象深刻的；C. terrible糟糕的；D. embarrassing尴尬的。根据后文“What good things happened today”可知，作者后文才询问学校里的好事，结合上文儿子是个消极主义者，可推知一开始儿子说的都是糟糕的事情。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我聚精会神地听着，眼神交流，同情地点头，然后问：“今天发生了什么好事，杰克？”A. cautiously谨慎地；B. impatiently没有耐性地；C. attentively专注地；D. sympathetically同情地。根据后文“making my eye contact and … with empathy before I asked”可知，作者边听边有肢体语言，可见作者听得很专注。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我聚精会神地听着，眼神交流，同情地点头，然后问：“今天发生了什么好事，杰克？”A. nodding点头；B. praying祈祷；C. applauding喝彩；D. exchanging交换。根据后文“with empathy”可知是对儿子在学校经历的糟糕的事情同情地点头。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如我所料，他的回答是：“没什么好事。”A. suspected怀疑；B. found找到；C. expected预料，期待；D. considered考虑。上文提到作者的儿子是个悲观主义者，所以儿子说学校没什么好事发生的时候，跟作者内心的预料是一样的。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“一定有好事发生。你在那里待了6个小时，”我鼓励道。A. begged恳求；B. demanded要求；C. urged催促；D. encouraged鼓励。根据上文“Something good had to happen.”以及后文“Then I waited.”可知，作者在鼓励儿子回想学校里发生的好事。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他承认：“我确实给橡皮擦了擦灰尘。和布兰登一起。”A. swore发誓；B. admitted承认；C. complained诉苦；D. concluded下结论。根据后文“I did get to dust the erasers. With Brandon.”可知儿子最后承认学校确实有好事发生。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：要我说，你真是个幸运的孩子！A. lucky幸运的；B. brave勇敢的；C. honest诚实的；D. outgoing外向的。根据上文“You mean you did it with your best friend?”可知，作者说儿子和自己最好的朋友做了这件事，因此是幸运的，lucky符合语境。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：雅各布仰着头，两肩挺直地说。A. jumped跳跃；B. insisted坚持；C. froze冻结；D. remarked评论，说话。根据上文“Yeah, I guess I am.”可知此处是在描述儿子说话的方式。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这成了我们每天练习。A. check检查；B. meeting会议；C. schedule计划表；D. exercise锻炼，练习。根据上文“This began a daily”可知，作者每天让儿子回想学校发生的好事，成了他们每天的练习。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：雅各渐渐明白了积极乐观的力量，但通往积极乐观的道路似乎有时会脱离他的掌控。A. positive积极的；B. serious认真的；C. distinctive独特的；D. unique独特的。根据后文“see the positive and losing the negative attitude”可知，在作者的引导下，儿子逐渐明白了积极乐观的力量。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：雅各渐渐明白了积极乐观的力量，但通往积极乐观的道路似乎有时会脱离他的掌控。A. fail失败；B. beat打败；C. escape逃走，脱离；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“he would get back on the track of choosing to see the positive and losing the negative attitude.”可知，通往积极乐观的道路似乎有时会脱离他的掌控，escape符合语境。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后我会鼓励他以不同的方式看待事物，这样他就会回到选择看到积极的一面，丢掉消极的态度的轨道上。A. independently独立地；B. differently不同地；C. simply简单地；D. clearly清楚地。根据前后文可知，有时通往积极乐观的道路会脱离儿子的掌控，因此作者会鼓励他用不同的方式看待事物，这样儿子才会重新回到积极的轨道上。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然很挣扎，但他已经有了进展。A. choice选择；B. struggle挣扎；C. problem问题；D. lesson课程。根据前后文“It was a …, but he was making headway”可知，but表示转折，说明这一过程虽然很挣扎，但是好在儿子在取得进展。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我确信我的努力是值得的。A. taking off起飞；B. ending up结束；C. paying off偿清，得到好结果；D. piling up堆起。根据上文可知，儿子如今逐渐明白了积极乐观的力量，也就是说作者的努力得到了好的结果。故选C。
第三部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Lifeline Bookfest Brisbane
Welcome to Lifeline Bookfest Brisbane, the largest secondhand book sale in Queensland.
OPENING HOURS
9 am—6 pm 26 June—4 July
Early start, 26 June & 27 June, opening at 8 am
Bookfest up late, 2 July, closing at 9 pm
WHAT’S DIFFERENT THIS YEAR?
To keep you safe, Bookfest will be more spread out across three halls (that means no $1 section this year).
Numbers in the halls will be restricted, but don’t worry, we have 18 months’ worth of books to share and we’ll be restocking (补充货源) daily, so you won’t miss out. Once we reach capacity in the halls, it will be one in, one out.
Sales will be card-only. Sorry for kids who were used to spending their saved cash on their favorite books in the past few years.
PRICES
At Bookfest you’ll find a $2.5 section and a High-Quality section. Books in the High-Quality section range from $4 to $25, and our Rare and Collectible books are individually priced.
LAST WORD
You can hire a trolley (推车) at the event to do your shopping ($2 trolley hire).
You can donate new, used or unwanted books. Baskets will be available at the event (next to the entrance) for book donations.
36. On which day will Bookfest last the longest?
A. 26 June. B. 27 June. C. 2 July. D. 4 July.
37. If the capacity of the halls is reached, you can’t enter the halls until ______.
A. 6 pm B. someone gets out C. the numbers increase D. you buy a book
38. How will Bookfest be different this year compared to previous years?
A. It will restock every other day.
B. It won’t be accessible to kids.
C. It will have a $1 section.
D. It won’t accept cash.
39 What can you do at the event?
A. Hire a trolley for free.
B. Donate your used books.
C. Buy High-Quality books for $2.5.
D. Read individually-priced new books.
40. What type of writing is this text?
A. A shopping guide. B. A book review. C. An official report. D. An announcement.
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. D 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了昆士兰州最大的二手书销售活动Lifeline Bookfest Brisbane的相关信息。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据OPENING HOURS部分的“9 am—6 pm 26 June—4 July(早上九点——下午六点，6月26日——7月4日)”，“Early start, 26 June & 27 June, opening at 8 am(开门很早，6月26日和6月27日，早上八点开门)”和“Bookfest up late, 2 July, closing at 9 pm(Bookfest，开到很晚，7月2日，9点关门)”可知，Bookfest持续时间最长的一天是7月2日，故选C。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据WHAT’S DIFFERENT THIS YEAR?部分的“Once we reach capacity in the halls, it will be one in, one out.(一旦大厅人满了，就会一人出，一人进。)”可知，如果达到了大厅的容量，直到有人出来了你才能进入大厅，故选B。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据WHAT’S DIFFERENT THIS YEAR?部分的“Sales will be card-only. Sorry for kids who were used to spending their saved cash on their favorite books in the past few years.(销售只允许刷卡。在过去的几年里，孩子们习惯于把节省下来的钱花在他们最喜欢的书上，我为他们感到抱歉。)”可知，今年的书展与往年相比的不同点在于今年不接受现金，故选D。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据LAST WORD部分的“You can donate new, used or unwanted books.(你可以捐赠新的，用过的或不想要的书。)”可知，你可以捐用过的书，故选B。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Welcome to Lifeline Bookfest Brisbane, the largest secondhand book sale in Queensland.(欢迎来到Lifeline Bookfest Brisbane，这是昆士兰最大的二手书销售活动。)”及小标题“OPENING HOURS(开放时间)”，“WHAT’S DIFFERENT THIS YEAR?(今年有什么不同？)”，“PRICES(价格)”和“LAST WORD(最后的话)”可知，本文是这个二手书销售活动的一个公告，目的是告诉公众这个活动的相关信息，故选D。
B
I was born in Monrovia, Liberia on March 13, 1977. In early 1990, a cruel civil war started in Liberia. The nation’s economic, political and social systems were destroyed. 250,000 people were killed and one million were displaced. More than 700,000 Liberians fled to neighboring countries to avoid the war. I am one of them.
Less fortunate refugees have been living in camps for more than 10 years. Children suffered the most damage; a high percentage of them were recruited as child soldiers—the boys were taken to fight.
I escaped to the bordering Ivory Coast after the death of my stepfather at the end of 1990. I watched the country go from peaceful and quiet to dangerous. In November 1993, I finally got to the United States and was reunited with my family. I received a full academic scholarship to college, where I obtained a degree in Electronic Communication. After graduating, I moved to Manhattan for my career in fashion. I never forgot how much suffering my fellow Liberians stood. To help those back home in Monrovia, I began donating to individuals, orphanages and women’s groups five years ago. Those efforts grew into The MacDella Cooper Foundation.
In 2004, I started The MacDella Cooper Foundation (MCF), an organization devoted to empowering Liberian youth, especially orphans and abandoned children, by providing education and basic necessities. My dream is to educate as many Liberian children as MCF can support, so that they can later contribute to the economic redevelopment of the country and to make sure Liberia’s history is not repeated. I believe that education is the saving grace of Liberia and Africa as a whole. But to promote education, we must first provide the basic needs—shelter, food, clothing and security.
In just a few short years, we have assisted foster homes and five orphanages in Monrovia. MCF has also reunited families and aided a young Liberian orphan needing medical treatment for cancer. Additionally, in December MCF holds an annual children’s Christmas party at the Susie Gunther Orphanage in Monrovia for more than 500 orphans. Each child receives a warm meal on Christmas day and a gift bag filled with toys and other necessities.
We’re very excited and honored to be part of the world community assisting in Liberia’s recovery. Our final goal is a strong, educated, and economically sound Liberia.
41. When the cruel civil war started in Liberia, the author ______.
A. stayed in a camp B. lived with all of her family
C. lived with her stepfather D. had decided to go for America
42. According to the text, the author could arrive in America in November 1993, and she should be very ______.
A. lucky B. brave C. regretful D. disappointed
43. During the study in college, the author ______.
A. founded MCF B. received a degree in fashion
C. had a part-time job in fashion D. needn’t pay a lot of fee
44. According to the text, MCF aims at ______.
A. helping Liberia’s recovery in every way B. assisting the poor people in the world
C. helping change African education D. offering basic needs to the Liberians
45. It can be inferred that the text should be ______.
A. a discussion about social problems B. the introduction of MCF
C. a funny make-up story D. the author’s real story and her MCF
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为逃难从利比里亚来到了美国，完成学业后成立了自己的慈善组织MCF，想要帮助利比里亚的教育，文章介绍了他们所做出的一些贡献和成就。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In early 1990, a cruel civil war started in Liberia.(1990年初，利比里亚爆发了一场残酷的内战)”以及第二段中“Less fortunate refugees have been living in camps for more than 10 years.(不幸的难民已经在难民营里生活了10多年)”以及第三段“I escaped to the bordering Ivory Coast after the death of my stepfather at the end of 1990.(我的继父在1990年底去世后，我逃到了边境的科特迪瓦)”可知，当残酷的内战在利比里亚开始时，作者和继父住在一起。故选C。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“I watched the country go from peaceful and quiet to dangerous. In November 1993, I finally got to the United States and was reunited with my family.(我看着这个国家从和平与宁静变成危险。1993年11月，我终于到达美国，与家人团聚)”可知，作者能在1993年11月到达美国，她应该感到非常幸运。故选A。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“I received a full academic scholarship to college, where I obtained a degree in Electronic Communication.(我获得了全额奖学金进入大学，并获得了电子通信专业的学位)”可知，在大学学习期间，作者不需要支付很多费用。故选D。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“In 2004, I started The MacDella Cooper Foundation (MCF), an organization devoted to empowering Liberian youth, especially orphans and abandoned children, by providing education and basic necessities. My dream is to educate as many Liberian children as MCF can support, so that they can later contribute to the economic redevelopment of the country and to make sure Liberia’s history is not repeated. I believe that education is the saving grace of Liberia and Africa as a whole. But to promote education, we must first provide the basic needs—shelter, food, clothing and security.( 2004年，我创办了麦克黛拉·库珀基金会（MCF），该组织致力于通过提供教育和基本必需品，增强利比里亚青年，特别是孤儿和被遗弃儿童的权能。我的梦想是在MCF所能支持的范围内教育尽可能多的利比里亚儿童，这样他们以后就能为国家的经济重建做出贡献，并确保利比里亚的历史不会重演。我认为教育是利比里亚和整个非洲的可取之处。但是，为了促进教育，我们必须首先满足基本需求——住房、食物、衣服和安全)”可知，MCF的目标是在各个方面帮助利比里亚的恢复。故选A。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章主要讲述了作者因为逃难从利比里亚来到了美国，完成学业后成立了自己的慈善组织MCF，想要帮助利比里亚的教育，文章介绍了他们所做出的一些贡献和成就。可推知，这篇文章介绍了作者的真实故事和她的MCF。故选D。
C
When thinking about intelligence, we often place humans at the top of the ranks. However, there is a species whose intelligence is far more advanced and perhaps more similar to humans than we’d thought—crows (乌鸦).
In 2002, a crow named Betty wowed Oxford University scientists by picking up a piece of wire in her cage and bending it at one end using another object to shape the wire into a hooked (钩状的) tool. The hooked tool was then used to lift a small container containing a pig’s heart from inside a plastic tube for the bird to eat. Many years later, researchers found that bending tools was in fact, not that unusual for New Caledonian crows.
Part of the Corvid family (鸦科) of birds, the brains of New Caledonian crows and others within the family have been studied more closely. Corvids have shown amazing cognitive (认知的) abilities. Unlike humans, corvids do not have a neocortex—a brain structure that allows for advanced cognitive development. Instead, their brains are filled with neurons (神经元) which have enabled the birds to have similar mental capacities.
According to a paper published earlier this year, New Caledonians are fastidious about the type of plant stem (茎) used to make their hooked tools and are able to figure out what the best plant stem is for them. They are capable of looking for that plant stem even when it is disguised (伪装) with leaves from a different plant species. Crows are also able to apply their abilities to advanced problem-solving. Through only learning individual steps of a challenge, a crow successfully solved it by arranging the steps in the correct order. This shows the bird’s ability to make judgements through context. Crows also seem to use their cleverness for fun, much like humans do, as young birds love to play.
New Caledonian crows have emotions and memories and are cognitively skilled animals. They just might not be so different from us humans after all!
46. How did Betty surprise the scientists?
A. She made a hooked tool.
B. She escaped from her cage.
C. She managed to lift a heavy container.
D. She showed great interest in a pig’s heart.
47. What do we know about New Caledonian crows?
A. They remain unknown to humans.
B. They are quite different from other corvids.
C. Their brain structure is similar to that of humans.
D. Their cognitive abilities are decided by neurons.
48. What does the underlined word “fastidious” in paragraph 4 mean?
A Guilty. B. Hesitant. C. Picky. D. Curious.
49. According to the passage, crows have some mental abilities which are similar to humans’, including ______.
A. distinguishing and memories
B. cognition and language
C. emotions and disguise
D. judgement and disguise
50. What is the text mainly about?
A. The intelligence of crows.
B. The survival skills of crows.
C. The development of the crow family.
D. The emotions and memories of crows.
【答案】46. A 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员发现乌鸦比我们想象的要聪明得多，可能也更接近于人类。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中的“In 2002, a crow named Betty wowed Oxford University scientists by picking up a piece of wire in her cage and bending it at one end using another object to shape the wire into a hooked (钩状的) tool. (2002年，一只名叫贝蒂的乌鸦在笼子里捡起一根电线，用另一个物体将电线弯曲成钩状工具，这让牛津大学的科学家们大吃一惊)”可知，乌鸦贝蒂做了一个钩状工具，这让科学家们感到惊讶。故选A项。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的“Corvids have shown amazing cognitive (认知的) abilities. Unlike humans, corvids do not have a neocortex—a brain structure that allows for advanced cognitive development. Instead, their brains are filled with neurons (神经元) which have enabled the birds to have similar mental capacities. (新喀里多尼亚乌鸦显示出惊人的认知能力。与人类不同，新喀里多尼亚乌鸦没有新皮质——一种允许高级认知发展的大脑结构。取而代之的是，它们的大脑中充满了神经元，这些神经元使乌鸦具有与人类相似的心智能力)”可知，新喀里多尼亚乌鸦的认知能力由神经元决定。故选D项。
【48题详解】
词句猜测题。由第四段中的“According to a paper published earlier this year, New Caledonians are fastidious about the type of plant stem (茎) used to make their hooked tools and are able to figure out what the best plant stem is for them. They are capable of looking for that plant stem even when it is disguised (伪装) with leaves from a different plant species. (根据今年早些时候发表的一篇论文，新喀里多尼亚乌鸦对用来制作钩状工具的植物茎的类型很fastidious，并且能够找出对它们来说最好的植物茎。它们有能力寻找植物茎，即使植物茎被不同植物品种的叶子掩盖)”可知，新喀里多尼亚乌鸦只选择最好的植物茎，即使植物茎被不同植物品种的叶子掩盖起来，它们也要最好的植物茎，说明它们在选择植物茎时是很挑剔的，fastidious在此处意为“挑剔的（Picky）”。故选C项。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段中的“They are capable of looking for that plant stem even when it is disguised (伪装) with leaves from a different plant species. (它们有能力寻找植物茎，即使植物茎被不同植物品种的叶子掩盖)”可知，即使植物茎被不同植物品种的叶子掩盖起来，乌鸦也能选择最好的植物茎，说明它们有辨别能力；再结合最后一段中的“New Caledonian crows have emotions and memories and are cognitively skilled animals. (新喀里多尼亚乌鸦有情感和记忆，是具有认知能力的动物)”可知，新喀里多尼亚乌鸦有一些与人类相似的智力，包括辨别和记忆。故选A项。
【50题详解】
主旨大意题。由第一段中的“However, there is a species whose intelligence is far more advanced and perhaps more similar to humans than we’d thought—crows (乌鸦). (然而，有一种物种的智力比我们想象的要先进得多，也许更像人类——乌鸦)”可知，本文主要介绍乌鸦的智力，A项“乌鸦的智力”符合文意。故选A项。
D
Have you ever noticed what happens to an idea once you express it? Just talking about it or writing it down causes you to make it clear in your own mind. How can you use this to increase your brain power? Start writing.
By putting thoughts into words, you are telling yourself the logic behind what you think, feel, or only partly understand. Often, explaining a thought is the process of understanding. In other words, you increase your brain power by exercising your “explain power.”
Try this experiment. Explain how you’ll increase your brain power, even if you have no idea how right now. Just start with anything, and create an explanation. For example, start with “I’ll learn chess,” or “I’ll read an article on the mind every week.” Explain how that will help. You’ll be surprised how often this becomes a workable plan, and if you actually do this, you’ll have a better understanding of your brain twenty minutes from now.
Another benefit of writing is that it helps you remember. Many if not most, highly productive people are always taking notes. You can try keeping it all in your head, but if you keep a journal of your ideas the next time you’re working on a big project, you’ll probably have more success.
Want to understand a topic? Write a book about it. That’s an extreme example, but if you are learning something new, write a letter to a friend about it, and you will understand it better. Want to invent something? Write an explanation of the problem, why you want to solve it, and why it is worth solving, and you’re half-way there.
Writers don’t always write because they clearly understand something beforehand. Often, they write about something because they want to understand it. You can do the same. Writing will help bring you to an understanding. Give it a try.
51. What would be the best title for the text?
A. A Way on How to Write B. Increase Your Brain Power through Writing
C. Brain Power Helps Improve Your Writing D. How to Start Your Writing
52. According to the text, writing can help you a lot in the following ways EXCEPT ______.
A. the increase of your brain power B. the ability to remember
C. the development of your interest in study D. the better understanding of a topic
53. If a writer writes something, it means that he or she _______.
A. has understood it very well B. needs to understand it better
C. wants to remember it in his or her mind D. is exercising his or her “explain power”
54. The underlined sentence “you’re half-way there” in the fifth paragraph implies that ______.
A. you are already successful B. you still need to work hard
C. writing can help you walk half way D. writing is important to solve problems
55. What’s the main purpose of the writer writing the text?
A. To advise readers to start their writing. B. To explain the importance of writing.
C. To persuade readers to become writers. D. To increase readers’ brain power.
【答案】51. B 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文属于说明文，主要是讲了通过写作，可以把你自己的一些想法理解地更加清晰，更加透彻，从而进一步提高你的大脑思维能力。
【51题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Have you ever noticed what happens to an idea once you express it? Just talking about it or writing it down causes you to make it clear in your own mind. How can you use this to increase your brain power? Start writing.(你有没有注意到，当你表达一个想法时，它会发生什么？只是谈论它或把它写下来，就能让你在自己的脑海里把它弄清楚。你如何利用这一点来提高你的脑力？开始写作)”结合本文主要是讲了通过写作，可以把你自己的一些想法理解地更加清晰，更加透彻，从而进一步提高你的大脑思维能力。B选项“通过写作提高脑力”最符合文章标题。故选B。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In other words, you increase your brain power by exercising your “explain power.”(换句话说，你通过锻炼你的“解释能力”来提高你的脑力)”、第四段中“Another benefit of writing is that it helps you remember.(写作的另一个好处是帮助你记忆)”和第五段中“That’s an extreme example, but if you are learning something new, write a letter to a friend about it, and you will understand it better.(这是一个极端的例子，但是如果你正在学习一些新的东西，写一封信给你的朋友，你会更好地理解它)”分别提到了选项A、B、D的内容，而对于选项C，文章则没有涉及到。故选C。
【53题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Writers don’t always write because they clearly understand something beforehand. Often, they write about something because they want to understand it. You can do the same. Writing will help bring you to an understanding. Give it a try.(作家写作并不总是因为他们事先清楚地了解了一些事情。通常，他们写一些东西是因为他们想要理解它。你也可以这样做。写作可以帮助你理解。试试吧)”可知，一个作者要去写什么东西，那就说明他想更好地去理解它。故选B。
【54题详解】
句意猜测题。根据第五段“Want to understand a topic? Write a book about it. That’s an extreme example, but if you are learning something new, write a letter to a friend about it, and you will understand it better. Want to invent something? Write an explanation of the problem, why you want to solve it, and why it is worth solving, and you’re half-way there.(想要了解一个话题？为此写一本书。这是一个极端的例子，但是如果你正在学习一些新的东西，写一封信给你的朋友，你会更好地理解它。想要发明什么吗?写一份问题的解释，为什么你想解决它，为什么它值得解决，你就完成了一半)”可知，本段主要是说写作能够帮助你去理解一个话题，帮助你解决一些问题，如果写出对于问题的解释，那么就等于解决了问题的一半，这足以说明写作的重要性。同时，解决问题的一半并不是说你就成功了，所以选项A不对，选项B、C的理解出现偏差，所以不对。故选D。
【55题详解】
推理判断题。本篇文章通过叙述写作的优点，说明其重要性，但是，所有这些都是为了劝说读者进行写作所进行的铺垫，特别是文章的最后一段的最后一句“Give it a try.(试试吧)”更是点明了本篇文章真实目的：建议读者开始写作。故选A。