2023届高考英语二轮复习高考英语主谓一致训练作业含答案
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这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习高考英语主谓一致训练作业含答案,共21页。
主谓一致
单项选择
1.My family ________ for a picnic next Sunday.
A.went B.go C.are going D.is going to
2.________ people were invited to the party but ________ of them present ________ 10.
A.A number of; the number of; were B.The number of; a number of; were
C.A number of; the number of; was D.The number of; a number of; was
3.In the past few years all citizens__________efforts to make the town more beautiful and civilized.
A.have made B.made C.have been made D.had made
4.Behind the chain of crises ______ the competition between countries for development space and oil control.
A.is B.are C.were D.being
5.We believe _____ you are doing _____ very important.
A.that, being B.all that, be C.that, are D.what, is
6.A Dream of Red Mansions, one of Chinese literature’s most notable works, _______ said to be written by multiple authors - not a collaboration, rather a legitimate sequel adding a noteworthy “finishing touch” to the original installment.
A.are B.have been C.has been D.is
7.Every boy and girl _______ great interest in extra curriculum activities.
A.is shown B.are shown C.shows D.show
8.Not only he but also all his family _______ keen on concerts even when Hitler put the world at risk.
A.was B.were C.is D.are
9.Quantities of money _______ to the children in need.
A.have donated B.have been donated C.has been donated D.has donated
10.The number of people who own a car ________in the past 10 years.
A.increase B.increased C.has increased D.increases
11.The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities________ increasing since 2003.
A.is B.are C.has been D.have been
12.I know Mr. Brown, we ______ to each other at an international conference.
A.are introduced B.are been introduced
C.were introduced D.had been introduced
13.Here________some bread and many apples on the desk.
A.is B.be C.are D.will
14.Opposite to the park________two bookstores.
A.is B.are C.be D.have
15.The center of gravity of the human bodies _________ behind his knee joints.
A.is located B.locates C.are located D.are locating
16.I will need one more stamp before my collection _________.
A.is completed B.will be completed C.has been completed D.is being completed
17.Either you or the headteacher _________ the award to the gifted students at the ceremony
A.is presenting B.are to present C.are presenting D.is to present
18.The number of prisoners serving life sentences _________ in the region over the last decade.
A.are falling B.have fallen C.has fallen D.is falling
19.More than 80 percent of the young people in this village ________ to find a job so far.
A.has gone B.went C.goes D.have gone
20.His private museum together with his art collections________ to the country as a gift.
A.has offered B.have offered C.is offered D.are offered
21.- When are you leaving?
- My plane _________ at 10:45.
A.takes off B.took off
C.is about to take off D.will be taking off
22.Steven ________the new iPad he bought on the Internet to take classes online, which will be sent to his home next week.
A.had expected B.has been expecting C.was expecting D.will expect
23.She with her friends ________ TV now.
A.watch B.are watching C.is watching D.Watches
24.The population of Shanghai ________ very big and most of its population ________ native people.
A.are; is B.is; is C.are; are D.is; are
25.Not Thomas, but his two sisters ________ to blame for the accident, ________ they fought to grab the wheel while he was driving.
A.are; once B.are; as C.is; since D.is; unless
26.Paper ________ in ancient China more than 2,000 years ago.
A.invented B.was invented C.invent D.is invented
27.Every teacher and every student _________ that Taiwan is an inseparable part of us.
A.believe B.had believed C.believes D.have believed
28.Neither your sister nor mine__________the good news. Let’s tell them.
A.know B.knows C.knew D.known
29.I don’t think I ________ you in that dress before.
A.have seen B.was seeing C.saw D.see
30.Volunteering our time to help people ________ a good way to learn new things.
A.am B.are C.is D.was
31.Since May, more than one death from monkey pox infection ______ in this area, causing great concern of the local government.
A.has been reported B.have reported C.has reported D.have been reported
32.________ visitors who were trapped on the hill after the heavy rain ________ unknown yet.
A.A number of; were B.A number of; was
C.The number of; were D.The number of; was
33.Mr. Johnson, our teacher and friend, ______ invited to attend the meeting, ______ he would deliver a speech to the students.
A.was; which B.were; that C.were; where D.was; where
34.Though my recent quiz scores are ______, my teacher as well as my parents always ______ me.
A.discouraging; encourages B.discouraged; encourages
C.discouraging; encourage D.discouraged; encourage
35.Up to now, more than one high-rise building ______ around our city, making it bigger.
A.have been built B.are being built C.has been built D.is being built
36.—Can you get me the novels?
—Of course. All but one of them ______ in our company the other day.
A.published B.was published
C.were published D.had been published
37.English was invented by people, not computers, and it________ the creativity of the human race.
A.is reflected B.had reflected C.reflects D.was reflected
38.This is one of the most popular novels ______ by the writer.
A.which have been written B.that have been written
C.which has been written D.that has been written
39.There ________ some good advice about how to reduce air pollution on the Internet.
A.are B.is C.have D.has
40.Her study is based on the hypothesis_________all men__________.
A.that…are born equal B.where… are born equally
C.when…being born equally D.whether … born equal
41.—I feel excited to talk with our teacher about sports!
—So do I. Not only we students but also our teacher ________ fond of watching basketball matches.
A.is B.had been C.have been D.were
42.Everybody ________to know the law, but few people do.
A.suppose B.supposes C.is supposed D.supposed
43.It’s reported that many a shelter hospital ______ at present in Shanghai.
A.is being built B.was built C.are being built D.have been built
44.Inside ______ an exhibition of the most up-to-date inventions of the 31st century.
A.has B.have C.was D.were
45.More than one robot ______ been tested out in the trial recently.
A.had B.have C.having D.has
46.As fossil fuels are unsustainable, alternative energy, such as sunlight, wind and water, _____ currently.
A.was employed B.is being employed
C.were employed D.are being employed
47.During the break, some students went to relax on the playground, but the rest ________ reviewing their lessons in the classroom.
A.are B.was C.were D.is
48.The remote village, which ________ distinctive economy for decades, seeks cooperation with big retailers(零售商)online.
A.will be developing B.has been developing
C.is developing D.had been developing
49.Quantities of food ________the charity every year.
A.are donated to B.is donated to C.are donated D.donate to
50.Great changes ________ in the town since 1988.
A.have taken place B.have been taken place
C.has taken place D.has been taken place
51.A recent study found that the number of smartphone users ________ sharply over the past five years.
A.has increased B.have increased C.is increasing D.are increasing
52.Listening to loud music at live rock concerts ________ caused hearing loss in some teenagers.
A.are B.is C.have D.has
53.It is reported that a great many houses_______at present in the disaster area.
A.are being built B.were built C.has built D.is being built
54.People said that Racing Horse ________ so skilfully with dark and light colours.
A.paints B.was painted C.is painted D.painted
55.It is we who ______ aware of danger first.
A.are B.is C.was D.were
56.The excitement of diving into the sea is hard to explain to ________hasn’t done it.
A.anyone B.those who C.whoever that D.someone who
57.Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight DA8633_________off at 6:30.
A.has taken B.took C.will be taken D.takes
58.None of the medicine I took ________ effective, but eating sensibly and exercising regularly ________ now my “personal” ways to boost immunity against flu.
A.was…is B.were…is C.was…are D.were…are
59.-Why does the river smell terrible?
-Because large quantities of rubbish ______ there.
A.have thrown B.is being thrown
C.has been thrown D.have been thrown
60.Do you know ________.
A.how many populations there are in the world
B.how much population there is in the world
C.how many the population of the world is
D.what the population of the world is
参考答案:
1.C
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意:我的家人下星期天要去野餐。分析句子可知, next Sunday与一般将来时连用,family强调个体成员时谓语动词用复数形式,且go为瞬间动作,可用以现在进行时表将来。故选C项。
2.C
【详解】考查短语和主谓一致。句意:很多人被邀请参加聚会,但是到场的却只有10人。空1:根据其谓语动词were可知,此处意为“大量的、很多”,故表达为a number of...;空2:根据空后的of them可知,此处为“……的数量”,表达为the number of;空3:此处“the number of ...,作主语时,谓语动词应用单数,故填was。故答案为A number of,the number of,was,故选C。
3.A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的几年里,所有的市民都在努力使这个城镇变得更加美丽和文明。由“In the past few years”可知,句子时态用现在完成时,主语citizens是复数,因此空格处是have made,故选A。
4.A
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:在这一系列危机的背后,是各国对发展空间和石油控制的竞争。分析句子结构可知,此句是完全倒装结构,空格处为谓语动词;主语the competition是单数,谓语动词用is。故选A。
5.D
【详解】 考查宾语从句和主谓一致。句意:我们相信你正在做的事情非常重要。 believe后是一个宾语从句,省略了that,宾语从句中含有一个由what引导的主语从句,第一个空是what引导主语从句作动词do的宾语;主语从句后的谓语动词用单数,第二个空is为宾语从句中的谓语动词,故选D。
6.D
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:《红楼梦》是中国文学史上最著名的作品之一,据说是由多位作者共同创作的——不是合作作品,而是一部正统的续集,为原来部分增添了值得注意的“画龙点睛”。陈述客观事实,用一般现在时。主语A Dream of Red Mansions为作品名称,one of Chinese literature’s most notable works为同位语成分,谓语动词用单数形式。故选D。
7.C
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:每个男孩和女孩都对课外活动很感兴趣。短语:show interest in“对……感兴趣”,句中主语 every boy and girl,boy 和 girl 是相对称的内容,指人的两种性别。前面使用 every 是为了加强语气:不是指有两个人, 而是表示不论男女,每一个“人”。为单数含义,主语和show为主谓关系,所以动词用单三形式。故选C。
8.B
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意:不仅是他,而且他所有的家人都热衷于音乐会,即使是在希特勒把世界置于危险之中的时候。设空处在句中作谓语动词,根据从句 “even when Hitler put the world at risk”可知谓语动词应用一般过去时;not only...but also...连接两个成分作主语时,谓语动词采取就近一致原则,即谓语动词要和与其最近的主语保持人称和数的一致,由此可知,设空处与all his family保持一致;根据句意可知,句中all his family指“他所有的家人”,谓语动词用复数,所以设空处应填were。故选B。
9.B
【详解】考查主谓一致和被动语态。句意:大量的钱被捐赠给需要帮助的孩子们。主语quantities是复数,谓语动词也用复数,且主语与谓语动词donate之间为被动关系,应用被动语态。故选B项。
10.C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:在过去10年里,拥有汽车的人数有所增加。空处应填谓语动词的形式,由时间状语in the past 10 years可知应用现在完成时,句子主语为The number,谓语动词应用单数形式。故选C项。
11.C
【详解】考查时态以及主谓一致。句意:自2003年以来,就读中国大学的外国学生人数一直在增加。the number of“……的数量”,加可数名词的复数在句中作主语时,谓语动词也用第三人称单数形式。根据since 2003以及increasing 可知为现在完成进行时。故选C。
12.C
【详解】考查时态,语态和主谓一致。句意:我认识布朗先生,我们是在一次国际会议上被介绍认识的。由“at an international conference”可知,句子描述过去的事情,时态用一般过去时,句子表示“我们被介绍给对方”,因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态,即was/were done,主语we是复数,因此空格处是were introduced。故选C。
13.C
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:桌子上有一些面包和许多苹果。分析句子可知,该句为地点副词位于句首的完全倒装,主语some bread and many apples为复数名词,故谓语动词也应为复数形式。故选C项。
14.B
【详解】考查倒装句和主谓一致。句意:公园对面有两家书店。分析句子可知,该句为地点副词短语位于句首的完全倒装,主语two bookstores为复数形式,故谓语动词也应为复数形式,还原应为Two bookstores are opposite to the park。故选B项。
15.A
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:人体的重心位于他的膝关节后面。设空处是谓语动词,描述客观事实,用一般现在时, locate作谓语动词常用搭配为be located,意为“位于”,主语The center是单数,谓语用第三人称单数,故填A。
16.A
【详解】考查时态语态。句意:在我的收藏完成之前,我还需要一张邮票。分析可知,设空处为从句谓语,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,主语 my collection和谓语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,主语为单数,谓语用第三人称单数,故选A。
17.D
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:不是你就是校长在典礼上给有天赋的学生颁奖。结合句意此处表示将来的动作,应用一般将来时,be to do sth 表示“将要做某事”,either…or…意为“要么……要么……”,固定搭配,连接两个并列的名词或代词作主语时谓语动词的数依据临近原则,由空前的the headteacher,可知空处应用is to present。故选D项。
18.C
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去十年中,该地区被判无期徒刑的囚犯数量有所下降。根据时间状语 over the last decade可知,用现在完成时,主语The number of+复数名词,表示“……的数量”,谓语动词用单数形式。故选C。
19.D
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,这个村子80%以上的年轻人都去找工作了。根据时间状语“so far”可知,句子使用现在完成时。主语“More than 80 percent of the young people”表示复数含义,谓语动词也用复数。故选D。
20.C
【详解】考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意:他的私人博物馆和他的艺术收藏品作为礼物赠送给了这个国家。together with连接两个并列的主语时,遵循就远原则,谓语动词的形式和较远的主语保持一致,本句和private museum保持一致,且主语和offer之间是被动关系,应该用被动语态,故选C。
21.A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:——你什么时候离开?——我的飞机在10:45起飞。设空处为谓语,按时间表运行的交通工具用一般现在时表将来,并且主语是单数,谓语用第三人称单数,故选A。
22.B
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:史蒂文一直在期待他在网上买的新iPad来在线上课,下周iPad就会送到他家里。由“which will be sent to his home next week”可知,他是自从在网上买了以后一直在期待新iPad的到来,时态用现在完成进行时,即have/has been doing,表示一个动作从过去持续到现在,且可能继续下去,主语Steven是单数,因此空格处是has been expecting,故选B。
23.C
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:她和她的朋友们现在正在看电视。根据句意及时间状语now可知,该句描述的是此刻正在进行的动作,故用现在进行时态,结构为be+doing。主语中有with连接的并列名词和代词时,谓语动词取决于with前的名词或代词,所以该句的be动词取决于She,故用单数形式is。故选C。
【点睛】引申:
主语中心词后面有表示“增、减、补充说明”的词组时,主谓一致仍看原中心词。
1. 表示增加的:as well as, with, along with, together with, in addition to, accompanied by, besides, plus等。
例:The man together with his wife and children sits on the sofa watching TV.
那个人和他的妻儿坐在沙发上看电视。
2. 表示减去的:except, but(除去)等。
例:All the students except Tom have been to America.
除汤姆外,其他学生都去过美国。
3. 表示补充说明的:including, rather than, like, such as等。
例:The factory, including its machines and buildings, was burnt last night.
这个工厂,包括机器和建筑物,昨晚都被烧了。
24.D
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:上海的人口数很大而且大多数居民是本地人。population 表示“人口数”并单独作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数;当主语是表示“人口的百分之几、几分之几”时,谓语动词用复数形式时,故选 D 。
25.B
【详解】考查主谓一致和原因状语从句。句意:不是Thomas而是他的姐姐们应该对车祸负责,因为她们在他开车时争抢方向盘。分析句子可知,not…but…意为“不是……而是………”,连接名词或代词作主语时,需遵循就近原则,因此第一个空处需使用be动词的复数形式are。第二个空处后句意完整,且该句是解释“姐姐们对车祸负责”的原因,因此可以使用as引导原因状语从句。故选B。
26.B
【详解】考查时态,语态和主谓一致。句意:两千多年前,中国古代就发明了纸。由“2,000 years ago”可知,句子时态用一般过去时,纸是被发明,因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态,即was/were done,主语Paper是不可数名词,因此空格处是was invented,故选B。
27.C
【详解】考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意:每一个老师和学生都相信台湾是我们不可分割的一部分。分析句子可知,在that引导的宾语从句中,从句谓语动词is为一般现在时,结合句意可知,主句也应为一般现在时。and连接的两个名词前有every修饰时,谓语动词用单数形式,所以此处谓语动词应为一般现在时单数形式。故选C项。
28.B
【详解】考查主谓一致和一般现在时。句意:你妹妹和我妹妹都不知道这个好消息。让我们告诉他们。根据“Let’s tell them.”可知,此处是指现在的客观事实,所以应用一般现在时。“neither...nor...”的主谓一致使用“就近原则”,mine是指“我的妹妹”,为第三人称单数。故选B。
29.A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:我以前没见过你穿这条裙子。由before可知,句子表示“我以前没见过你穿这条裙子”,空格处用现在完成时,主语I是第一人称,因此空格处是have seen。故选A。
30.C
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:自愿花时间帮助别人是学习新事物的好方法。分析句子可知,该句中单个动名词短语作主语,谓语应使用单数形式,且该句描述客观事实,应使用一般现在时。故选C。
31.A
【详解】考查时态及语态。句意:自5月以来,该地区报告了一例以上的猴痘感染死亡,引起了当地政府的极大关注。根据时间状语Since May及句子结构可知,时态应用现在完成时,表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响。more than one death与report是动宾关系,故用被动语态,且主语more than one death是单数,助动词用has,故选A。
32.D
【详解】考查固定搭配和主谓一致。句意:大雨后被困在山上的游客人数尚不清楚。a number of意为“许多,大量”后接可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数;the number of意为“……的数量”,后接可数名词复数,谓语动词用单数。分析句子可知本句表示“困在山上的游客人数”用The number of符合题意,系动词用第三人称单数was。故选D。
33.D
【详解】考查主谓一致和定语从句。句意:我们的老师和朋友约翰逊先生被邀请参加会议,在会上他将向学生们发表演讲。第一个空处要填谓语动词,主语Mr. Johnson表单数,所以谓语动词也要用单数形式was invited;第二空处是非限制性定语从句,先行词meeting是地点名词,从句中不缺少主语和宾语,所以用关系副词where引导该从句。故选D。
34.A
【详解】考查形容词和主谓一致。虽然我最近的测验成绩令人沮丧,但我的老师和父母总是鼓励我。-ing形式形容词一般用来修饰物,表示事物的性质或特征;-ed形式形容词一般用来修饰人,表达人的情感和感觉。as well as连接两部分作主语时,谓语动词的形式由前一部分主语的人称和数来决定。第一空主语是quiz scores,指物,所以用-ing形式形容词作表语;第二空谓语动词根据主语my teacher决定,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选A。
35.C
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,我们城市周围已经建造了不止一座高层建筑,使其变得更大。根据时间状语up to now可知,句子使用现在完成时,build与主语building 之间是被动关系,应用现在完成时的被动语态,且“more than one+单数可数名词”作主语时,谓语动词应用单数形式,即has been built。故选C项。
36.C
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:——你能给我拿小说吗?——当然。几天前,除了一本外,所有的书都在我们公司出版了。结合时间状语the other day可知,一般过去时,主语All和谓语动词publish是被动关系,用一般过去时的被动语态,主语All复数,谓语复数形式。故选C项。
37.C
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:英语是人类发明的,而不是计算机,它反映了人类的创造力。主语it指代English,是单数,主动语态,讲述客观事实,谓语动词reflect用一般现在时的单数形式。故选C项。
38.B
【详解】考查定语从句及从句中的主谓一致。句意:这是这位作家写的最受欢迎的小说之一。分析句子结构可知空处应填定语从句部分,先行词为novels,且先行词前有最高级修饰,关系代词只能用that,关系代词在定语从句中做主语时从句谓语动词的数应与先行词的数保持一致,先行词novels为复数,所以从句谓语动词应用复数形式。故选B。
39.B
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:网上有一些关于如何减少空气污染的好建议。there be 句型的主谓一致符合就近原则,句中的advice为不可数名词,谓语动词用单数,同时描述的是现在的客观事实,故应该是用一般现在时。故选B。
40.A
【详解】考查同位语从句,时态,主谓一致和形容词。句意:她的研究是以人人生而平等的假设为基础的。由“all men”和观察选项可知,“all men________”表示“人人生而平等”,“人出生”是be born,用形容词equal作状语,表状态,第二空是are born equal,hypothesis意为“假设”,其后是同位语从句,从句中不缺成分,且句子意思完整,因此第一空用that引导同位语从句,故选A。
41.A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:——能和老师谈论体育,我感到很兴奋!——我也是。不仅我们学生喜欢看篮球比赛,我们老师也喜欢看。not only...but also...连接并列的主语时,其后的谓语动词的单复数根据就近原则来确定,也就是根据“our teacher”来定,“our teacher”是单数,排除C和D,根据语境可知,句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,因此空格处用is,故选A。
42.C
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:每个人都应该知道法律,但很少有人这样做。be supposed to do sth.意为“应该做某事”,且本句的主语是“Everybody”,谓语动词应用第三人称单数,故选C项。
43.A
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意:据报道,目前许多方舱医院在上海正被盖起来。many a +名词的单数形式作主语,谓语动词使用单数,故排除A、B项,又从时间状语 at present可得知与现在有关,表示现在正在进行的动作,用现在进行时,且主语shelter hospital与谓语build是被动关系,用被动语态,故选A。
44.C
【详解】考查倒装句。句意:里面是一个31世纪最新发明的展览。该句为全部倒装句,地点状语inside位于句首,要使用全部倒装,即将谓语动词提到主语前面,根据句意可知,句子是主系表结构,排除A和B项,该句中主语是an exhibition of the most up-to-date inventions of the 31st century(一个31世纪最新发明的展览),为单数,所以应将系动词was提到主语前面,该句子正常顺序是An exhibition of the most up-to-date inventions of the 31st century was inside。故选C。
45.D
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意:最近,不止一个机器人在试验中进行了测试。“more than one +单数名词”用作主语时,其谓语通常用单数。根据句意“最近”可知,此题应用现在完成时。故选D项。
46.B
【详解】考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:由于化石燃料是不可持续的,目前正在使用替代能源,如阳光、风和水。根据句意和时间状语currently“目前”可知,此空要用现在进行时;句子主语为alternative energy,其后附件加成分“such as sunlight, wind and water”不影响主语的人称和数,energy是不可数名词,谓语用单数形式;主语与谓语动词employ之间是动宾关系,应用被动语态;综上,谓语动词employ用现在进行时的被动语态。故选B项。
47.C
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:课间休息时,一些学生去操场上放松,但其余的人在教室复习功课。根据上文went可知为一般过去时,排除AD,且此处the rest指上文students,故谓语应用复数形式。故选C。
48.B
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:这个偏远的村庄几十年来一直注重发展特色经济,寻求与大型零售商的在线合作。由语意和句中的“for decades”可知这个村庄从几十年前开始发展特色经济一直持续到现在,而且这种状态还将继续持续下去。所以空处需填现在完成进行时,which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The remote village,在句中做主语,指代remote village,谓语动词用单数,所以填has been doing 。故选B项。
49.A
【详解】考查语态和主谓一致。句意:年有大量的食物被捐赠给慈善机构。donate sth. to sb.捐赠某物给某人,根据主语Quantities of food 可知,用被动语态,其被动形式为 sth. be donated to sb. quantities of +名词,在句中作主语时,其谓语动词一律用复数。故选A。
50.A
【详解】考查时态。句意:自1988年以来,这个城镇发生了巨大的变化。根据时间状语“since 1988”可知,句子应用现在完成时,动词短语take place没有被动语态,故选A项。
51.A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:最近的一项研究发现,在过去的五年里,智能手机用户的数量急剧增加。根据时间状语“over the past five years”可知,空处谓语动词需用现在完成进行时态:have/has been doing,表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在,将有可能继续下去, the number of +可数名词复数作主语,谓语动词需用单数,所以此处助动词需用has。故选A。
52.D
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:在现场摇滚音乐会听吵闹的音乐已经导致一些青少年听力丧失。此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响,使用现在完成时,排除A项和B项,主语为动名词短语,助动词用has。故选D。
53.A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:据报道,灾区目前正在建造许多房屋。由时间状语at present可知此处动词表示的动作正在进行,从句主语a great many houses与从句谓语动词build是被动关系,所以用现在进行时的被动语态(am/is/are being done);a great many+名词复数做主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。故选A项。
54.B
【详解】考查时态,语态和主谓一致。句意:人们说《赛马》用深浅两种颜色画得很巧妙。Racing Horse是一幅画,是被画,且此画是以前画的,因此句子用一般过去时的被动语态,即was/were done,主语Racing Horse是单数,因此空格处是was painted,故选B。
55.A
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:我们首先意识到危险。此处为强调句,强调句子主语we,时态为一般现在时,谓语用复数。故选A。
56.D
【详解】考查定语从句和主谓一致。句意:潜入大海的兴奋感很难向没有这样做过的人解释。根据句意及所给选项可知,anyone可作介词to的宾语,关系词在定语从句中作主语,应用who/that引导且不能省略,故A项错误;those作介词to的宾语,关系词在定语从句中作主语,可用who引导,who指代those,是复数概念,助动词应用have,故B项错误;whoever引导句子作介词to的宾语,且在从句中作主语,连词that多余,故C项错误;someone作介词to的宾语,关系词在从句中作主语,可用who引导,who指代someone,是单数概念,助动词用have,故D项正确。故选D。
57.D
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:看看时间表。快点!DA8633航班6:30就要起飞了。根据句中Hurry up!可知,飞机还没有起飞;再根据Flight DA8633和at 6:30可知,航班按照计划起飞,这种已经安排好,不轻易改变的事情,常用一般现在时表将来;Flight DA8633作主语,谓语用单数形式。故选D项。
58.C
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:我服用的所有药物都没有效果,但现在合理饮食和定期锻炼是我提高对流感免疫力的“个人”方法。分析句子成分可知,第一个空格的主语为none of the medicine,因为medicine为不可数名词,所以谓语动词应该用单数,且根据定语从句中的took可知,句子描述的是过去的事件,所以要用一般过去时,所以第一空为was;第二个空格的主语为eating and exercising,是并列的动名词,代表两个动作,所以要看作复数,所以谓语动词用原形,且根据句中的时间状语now可知,句子描述的现在,所以要用一般现在时,所以第二空为are。故选C项。
59.D
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:——为什么这条河很难闻?——因为大量的垃圾被扔在那里。本句强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响,且主语rubbish和throw之间为被动关系,应用现在完成时的被动语态;当名词被quantities of“大量”修饰时,谓语动词用复数形式。故选D。
60.D
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:你知道世界人口是多少吗?分析句子可知,句中population表示“世界人口”时,指某一国家或地区的人口时,谓语动词要用单数is,且在对人口的数量进行提问时,只能说What’s the population,而不能用how many和how much修饰,因为这里的population相当于the number of people,所以在提问时要使用疑问词what。故选D项。
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