英语-2022-2023学年八年级下学期开学摸底考试卷（北京专用）

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绝密★考试结束前 2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期开学摸底考试卷（北京专用）参考答案第一部分本部分共33题,共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。一、单项填空(每题0.5分,共6分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．C【详解】句意：桌子上有多少瓶水？考查名词复数。空格前为“How many”，其后应接名词复数形式。故选C。2．C【详解】句意：凯文，我可以借你的自行车吗？我就是找不到我的。考查代词。my我的，是形容词性物主代词；them他们，是宾格；mine我的，是名词性物主代词；myself我自己，是反身代词。根据“Kevin, can I borrow your bicycle please?”可知，此处表示我找不到我的自行车，空后无名词，此处应用名词性物主代词，要用mine。故选C。3．A【详解】句意：7月将有一场机器人展，但没有人确切知道日期。考查复合不定代词。nobody没有人；everybody每个人；anybody任何人；somebody某人。根据“There will be a robot show in July”及but可知，此处转折说明没有人确切知道日期，故选A。4．C【详解】句意：如果你星期五晚上没空，你就应该拒绝邀请。考查时间介词以及动词短语。in后接某年某月某季节；on后接具体一天；turn on打开；turn down拒绝。“the evening of Friday”是具体的一天，第一空应填on。根据“you are not available”可知，没有空应拒绝邀请，故选C。5．B【详解】句意：这个城镇过去有很多污染，但现在已经不是问题了。考查连词辨析。so所以；but但是；and和；because因为。前后两句是转折关系，用but连接。故选B。6．C【详解】句意：我姐姐是一名大学生。考查不定冠词的用法。the表特指；an一，用于元音音素开头的单词前；a一，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；/不用冠词。student为单数名词，university为辅音音素开头的单词，其前应用不定冠词a来表泛指。故选C。7．A【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以跟朋友出去逛街吗？——当然，但是你必须要先完成作业。考查情态动词辨析。can可以；have to必须；might可能；must必须。根据“I hang out with my friend”可知，此处表示请求允许，应填can，排除C和D选项。根据“finish your homework first”可知，妈妈提出的要求是必须先完成作业，故选A。8．D【详解】句意：没有人知道他明天是否会来。如果他来这里，我会马上给你打电话。考查动词时态。第一空if引导的是宾语从句，主句是一般现在时，从句时态不受限制，根据句中的“tomorrow”可知从句时态为一般将来时（will do）；第二空if引导的是条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句应用一般现在时，主语是he，谓语动词用单三。故选D。9．C【详解】句意：——你好，迈克！你爸爸在哪里？——他正在花园里浇花。考查现在进行时。根据“Where is your dad?”和“He...the flowers in the garden.”可知，强调动作正在进行，用现在进行时，故选C。10．B【详解】句意：他想在有空的时候培养一种新的爱好来放松自己。考查动词短语辨析。look up查阅；take up开始从事；make up组成；stay up熬夜。根据“a new hobby”可知，是培养新的爱好，故选B。11．D【详解】句意：张丽的英语在我们班是最好的。考查形容词最高级。good好的，原级；better更好的，比较级；best最好的，最高级；the best最好的，the+最高级。根据范围“in our class”可知，应用最高级，形容词最高级前加定冠词the。故选D。12．D【详解】句意：——你愿意和我一起去购物吗？——当然，我乐意去。考查情景交际。No, I don’t think so不，我不这么认为；OK, I’ll take them好的，我要买下它们；Sorry, I don’t抱歉，我不会；Sure, I’d love to当然，我乐意去。根据“Would you like to go shopping with me”可知，对于对方的邀请应表示同意或拒绝，D选项符合语境，故选D。二、完形填空(每题1分,共8分)阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。【答案】13．D    14．A    15．B    16．A    17．B    18．B    19．C    20．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要是作者介绍了她在图书馆第一次遇见自己最好的朋友Jenny时所发生的事情。13．句意：我转过身来，愤怒地敲了敲她的桌子，对女孩恶狠狠地看了一眼。quietly安静地；patiently耐心地；sadly悲伤地；angrily愤怒地。根据“But a girl kept singing behind me while I was reading my book.”和“Please think about others in public. I’ve been unable to study because of your terrible singing.”可知，当作者看书的时候，一个女孩一直在作者身后唱歌，根据作者的话“因为你可怕的声音我不能学习了”并结合选项可推断出空处应是生气地，愤怒地。故选D。14．句意：两个小时后，我发现我把最重要的课本忘在图书馆了。forgot忘记；copied抄写；broke损坏；used使用。根据“What was worse, the library had already been closed.”和“she told me that she had noticed my ... in the library. As my phone number was in it, she called and told me she didn’t live far away and could bring it to me.”可知，作者懊恼图书馆已关门，而且书在她（Jenny）的手里，进一步推断出作者把书忘在图书馆了。故选A。15．句意：一个称自己为Jenny的人用柔和的声音问我是不是Jane。reported宣布；described描述；introduced介绍；questioned怀疑。describe sb as ...“把某人称为……，把某人说成是……”，为固定短语。故选B。16．句意：在知道我是Jane之后，她告诉我她在图书馆里注意到了我的书。book书；schoolbag书包；dictionary字典；pen钢笔。根据“Two hours later, I found that I ... my most important textbook in the library.”可知，作者忘记的是最重要的课本。故选A。17．句意：我非常感激，并同意在沿路的商店与她见面。invite邀请；meet见面；join加入；call打电话。根据下文“When I saw her in the store,”可知，作者和Jenny在商店见面了，结合选项进一步可推断出空处应是“见面”。故选B。18．句意：当我在商店里看到她时，我满脸羞愧，对自己的所作所为表示抱歉。hope希望；shame羞愧；surprise意外；anger怒火。根据“said sorry for what I had done”并结合选项可推断出作者应是羞愧从而道歉。故选B。19．句意：但珍妮只是笑了笑，告诉我她很高兴在图书馆我给了她一个愤怒的眼神。cried哭；agreed同意；smiled笑；waited等。根据“told me she was pleased that I had given her a dirty look in the library”可知，她很高兴，结合选项进一步推断她应笑了。故选C。20．句意：我经常想我是多么幸运。forgetful健忘的；successful成功的；unhappy不高兴的；lucky幸运的。根据“Can you believe we became best friends?”和“She showed me forgiveness (原谅) even though she didn’t have to!”可知，Jenny原谅作者并且两人成为最好的朋友，结合选项推知作者认为自己幸运。故选D。三、阅读理解(每题2分,共26分)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。A【答案】21．B    22．C    23．D【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要为四则广告，包括牛津圣克莱尔大学暑期英语、艺术暑期学校、XUK活动夏令营和YMT的音乐剧夏令营。21．细节理解题。根据“We have activities for young students with a great interest in painting”和“Telephone: 02363831”可知，如果玛丽对画画感兴趣，她可以打02363831这个电话。故选B。22．细节理解题。根据“Activities include sports, drama (戏剧) and more”和“Website: xukcamps.com”可知，如果露西访问xukcamps.com，她可能会得到一些关于体育和戏剧的信息。故选C。23．细节理解题。根据“YMT’s summer camps are open to anyone aged 6-17 looking to improve their acting, singing and dancing abilities”可知，YMT的夏令营面向任何希望提高表演、唱歌和舞蹈能力的6-17岁的人开放，故如果迈克想提高他的唱歌能力，他可以去YMT的音乐剧夏令营。故选D。B【答案】24．D    25．A    26．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了作者与一位患有心理疾病的小女孩的特殊友谊。24．细节理解题。根据第一段“Last year, I learned from a newspaper that some sick kids needed help.”可知，作者从报纸上得知一些患病的孩子需要帮助。故选D。25．细节理解题。根据第二段“Our weekly get-togethers usually meant sharing a cup of hot coffee, window shopping or taking slow walks in the country.”可知，作者和丽莎在每周的聚会中会共享一杯热咖啡。故选A。26．推理判断题。根据第四段“But to my surprise, Lisa wanted to be interviewed, too.”及最后一段“From then on, Lisa never missed a chance to plant seeds (种子) about the volunteer group with others.”可知，作者刚开始见到丽莎时，丽莎非常害羞和内向，但是随着时间的推移，作者和丽莎的这段友谊帮助丽莎接受采访，和作者一起传递爱，故可推知这段友谊改变了丽莎。故选B。C【答案】27．A    28．A    29．D【导语】本文主要讲述了运动给人们带来的好处。27．细节理解题。根据“When you exercise, your body produces endorphins (内啡肽).”可知，在做运动的时候，能够让你的身体产生内啡肽。故选A。28．细节理解题。根据“Sports will help you become a better and happier person. Sports will help you make friends and stay healthy. Here is another good reason to play sports: Sports are fun.”可知，作者认为运动能使人开心，健康和充满乐趣。故选A。29．标题归纳题。根据“Sports will help you become a better and happier person. Sports will help you make friends and stay healthy. Here is another good reason to play sports: Sports are fun.”及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了运动给人带来的好处，因此最佳标题为“Sports Are Good for Everyone”。故选D。D【答案】30．D    31．D    32．B    33．B【导语】本文主要讨论了克服自身弱点的方法——自我同情。30．细节理解题。根据“We believe that our trouble and mistakes show our weakness, and we are afraid to let others see us as not good enough.”可知，人们把他们的问题留给自己是为了远离负面评价，故选D。31．词句猜测题。根据“studies show that sharing personal information about oneself may help build closeness and trust, while saying sorry sincerely could repair a fractured relationship.”可知，真诚地道歉修复的应是破裂的关系，划线单词表示“破裂的”，与broken同义。故选D。32．细节理解题。根据“The good news is that our worries about the negative evaluations（负面评价）from others may not seem as serious as we imagine.”和”In other words, we may not be such a mess as we think.“可知，在别人看来，我们可能不像我们想象的那样一团糟，故选B。33．推理判断题。根据“In other words, self-compassion helps us evaluate our act of showing weakness more fairly, stopping us from being too hard on ourselves..”及全文可知，本文主要讨论了克服自身弱点的方法——自我同情，所以目的是鼓励人们自我同情。故选B 。第二部分本部分共6题,共20分。根据题目要求,完成相应任务。四、阅读表达（每题2分,共10分）阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。（每题答案不超过10个词。）【答案】34．Yes, she did.    35．Because she couldn’t seem to please anyone.    36．He looked unhappy./Unhappy.    37．He handed Christine some flowers and a little note./Some flowers and a little note.    38．Be kind and warm to others.【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者在咖啡厅做兼职的经历，品味到人与人之间的真情实感。34．根据“Last year I got a part-time job working at the coffee shop near my home”可知，克里斯汀去年找到了一份兼职工作。故填Yes, she did.35．根据“I couldn’t seem to please anyone, so I was a little sad”可知，因为作者似乎无法取悦任何人，所以她有点伤心。故填Because she couldn’t seem to please anyone.36．根据“One rainy afternoon, one of my customers, Hank, came in and looked unhappy”可知，汉克看起来不开心。故填He looked unhappy./Unhappy.37．根据“At about ten o’clock that morning, Hank drove up to the window. But he didn’t order anything, he handed me some flowers and a little note”可知，那天早上大约十点钟，汉克开车来到窗前。但他什么也没点，只是递给克里斯汀一些花和一张小纸条。故填He handed Christine some flowers and a little note./Some flowers and a little note.38．通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了作者在咖啡厅做兼职的经历，品味到人与人之间的真情实感，同时告诉我们，我们应该善待他人，热情待人。故填Be kind and warm to others.五、文段表达(10分)从下面两个题目中任选一题,根据中文和英文提示,完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。（一）【答案】参考例文Dear Zhang Ming, I’ve read your questions about English learning in the newspaper. I’m writing to give you some help.You said you always forget new words. Maybe you should write them down in your notebook and try to use them in your daily life. You also said it is difficult for you to understand long articles. You can try to find out the key words of each paragraph, which helps you to understand the main idea quickly. What’s more, listening to English songs and watching English movies are also a good way to learn English. Last but not least, if you want to improve your writing ability, you can make a pen friend whom you can send e-mails to.Keep on doing them, and I believe you will make great progress in your English learning. If there is anything more that I can help with, please let me know.Yours, Li Hua【详解】[总体分析]①题材：本文是一封建议信，属于书信作文写作；②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；③提示：文章开头以及要点已经给出，按照提示的要点逐点阐述，可以适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。[写作步骤]第一步，承接书信开头，表明写信目的；第二步，先说明大明遇到的英语学习问题，再针对该问题给出适当的建议，接着再补充一到两个英语学习的有效方法，可要列举具体的事例；第三步，鼓励大明继续努力学习并书写结语。[亮点词汇]①in your daily life在你的日常生活中②what’s more还有③last but not least最后并且也是同样重要的④keep on doing sth坚持做某事[高分句型]①You also said it is difficult for you to understand long articles.（含有省略引导词that引导的宾语从句；it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语）②You can try to find out the key words of each paragraph, which helps you to understand the main idea quickly.（which引导的非限制性定语从句）③Listening to English songs and watching English movies are also a good way to learn English.（动名词作主语）④Last but not least, if you want to improve your writing ability, you can make a pen friend whom you can send e-mails to.（if引导的条件状语从句；whom引导的定语从句）（二）【答案】例文Dear Peter,How is it going? I am writing to invite you to our English talent show. We are going to have it in our school hall. It will start at 3 p.m. and finish at 6 p.m. on January 20, 2022.On that day, we will show our talents like singing and dancing as well as giving out our blessing to others. There will also be some interesting programs, including doing magic and English dubbing.If you have time, I truly hope you can come. Here is some advice. First, you can select some red clothes to wear since the Spring Festival is approaching. What’s more, if you want to perform at the show, you have to prepare and practice, too.I think the talent show is a good way to get to know others better, so I hope you can come. Looking forward to your early reply.    Yours,Li Hua【详解】[总体分析]①题材：本文是一篇应用文，属于一封邀请函；②时态：时态为“一般将来时”和“一般现在时”为主；③提示：写作要点已给出，根据海报内容给交换生Peter写一封邀请函，告知他具体时间、地点、活动安排，以及他需要做的准备。[写作步骤]第一步，点题介绍活动名称及时间中心；第二步，详细介绍活动内容以及建议对方需要准备的东西；第三步，结尾表达愿望。[亮点词汇]①as well as也②give out分发，耗尽③have to不得不[高分句型]①If you have time, I truly hope you can come.（if引导条件状语从句）②First, you can select some red clothes to wear since the Spring Festival is approaching.（since引导原因状语从句）