英语-2022届初三英语下学期开学摸底考试卷（北京专用）（含考试版+解析版+参考答案+答题卡）

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绝密★考试结束前
2022届初三下学期开学摸底考试卷（北京专用）
英语
一、选择填空 （共6分，每小题0.5分）
从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。
1．Mrs. Brown is very nice. All the teenagers like ________.
A．it B．him C．her D．them
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：布朗夫人太好了。所有的青少年都喜欢她。
考查代词辨析。it它；him他；her她；them他们。此空指代前文提到的Mrs, Brown，女性，故选C。
2．Our school’s Talent Show will be ________ November 2nd this year.
A．on B．in C．at D．to
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：我们学校的才艺表演将在今年11月2日举行。
考查介词辨析。on用于具体某一日之前；in用于年、月以及早中晚之前；at用于点时间之前；to对于。November 2nd是具体日子，故选A。
3．—________ do you visit your grandparents?
—Twice a month.
A．How much B．How long C．How often D．How soon
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：——你多久去看望你的祖父母一次？——一个月两次。
考查特殊疑问句。How much多少/多少钱；How long多久；How often多久一次；How soon多久。根据答语“Twice a month.”可知，问的是频度。故选C。
4．— Mom, must I clean my room now?
— No, you ________. You can do it after dinner.
A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．can’t
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：——妈妈，我现在必须打扫房间吗？ ——不，不需要。你可以在晚饭后做。
考查情态动词。needn’t不需要；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不能。根据英语语法，对于must开头一般疑问句，若要作否定回答，可用needn’t，不用mustn’t。故选A。
5．David keeps doing exercises every day, ________ he is very strong.
A．so B．but C．because D．or
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：大卫每天坚持锻炼身体，所以他很强壮。
考查连词。so因此；but但是；because因为；or或者。根据语境可知，此处存在因果关系，空格后所接句子为结果，所以应用连词so。故选A。
6．Betty is ________ than any other girl in her class.
A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．the tallest
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：贝蒂比她班上的任何其他女孩都高。
考查形容词比较级。根据than可知是比较级的标志，意为“比”，形容词用比较级形式taller。故选B。
7．My father is very patient. He often ________ me with my homework.
A．helps B．helped C．will help D．has helped
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：我的父亲很有耐心。他经常帮助我做家庭作业。
考查一般现在时。根据“My father is very patient.”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语是he，谓语动词用三单，故选A。
8．—What is your father doing, Peter?
—He ________ an online meeting in his room.
A．will attend B．attended C．is attended D．is attending
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：——彼得，你爸爸正在做什么？——他正在房间里参加一个在线会议。
考查现在进行时。根据“What is your father doing, Peter?”可知时态是现在进行时，答语也应该用现在进行时，主语he后面应接is+doing。故选D。
9．I ________ late yesterday morning. As a result, I was 5 minutes late for the meeting.
A．get up B．have got up C．got up D．will get up
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：我昨天早上起晚了。结果，我开会迟到了5分钟。
考查一般过去时。get up一般现在时；have got up现在完成时；got up一般过去时；will get up一般将来时。根据“yesterday morning”可知，该句为一般过去时。故选C。
10．Sally likes skiing very much. She ________ it for two years.
A．practises B．was practising C．has practised D．will practise
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：萨莉非常喜欢滑雪。她已经练习了两年了。
考查现在完成时。根据句中时间状语“for two years”可知，应用现在完成时，表示从过去开始一直持续到现在,而且还可能继续下去的动作或状态,往往和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，其结构为have/has+动词过去分词，主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has，practise过去分词为practised，故选C。
11．—Do you know when the 24th Winter Olympic Games ________? —In 2022.
A．held B．will hold C．is held D．will be held
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：——你知道第24届冬奥会何时举办吗？——在2022年。
考查被动语态。此处主语“the 24th Winter Olympic Games”和谓语动词hold之间构成被动关系，应该用被动语态。根据下文的时间“In 2022”，可知用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be done，故选D。
12．—Do you know ________?
—At 12:30 every weekday.
A．when the school library opens B．when the school library opened
C．when did the school library open D．when does the school library open
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：——你知道学校图书馆什么时候开放吗？——每个工作日12:30。
考查宾语从句。根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除C/D选项；此处是描述一般情况，从句应用一般现在时，故选A。
二、完形填空 （共8分，每小题1分）
阅读短文，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。
Jayce began noticing when he started his schooling that he looked different from his classmates. They had two arms. He had one.
“It started when one boy laughed at him,” said his mother, Lewis. He’d return to his home with questions: “Why am I ____13____? Why me?” His mother still remembered he was actually sad and angry with that.
Lewis said she didn’t know what to do at that point. A few weeks later, Lewis turned on the TV to a news story about an eighth grader, Trashaun, becoming popular after sharing videos of his slam dunks (灌篮) on the Internet, and, like Jayce, he ____14____ most of his left arm. Lewis called Jayce in. To her surprise, Jayce immediately got interested in the videos. At the time, it seemed that watching Trashaun was ____15____ an encouraging moment for Jayce — he saw a role model with a similar ____16____. If it had stayed just that, Lewis would have been happy enough. But little did she know that a family friend had already reached out to the newspaper to help set up a meeting with Trashaun to build Jayce’s confidence.
The boys met and at once got on well with each other as both of them were in the same condition. They rode bikes, took photos, and shot basketball on the court. Instead of spending the whole day feeling ____17____ for themselves, they had a lot of fun. Sometimes, they talked about the problem — the lost left arm. Trashaun told Jayce not to let anyone discourage him and not to let those words shake his ____18____.
Since that meeting, Lewis has seen a noticeable change in her son. As for Trashaun, his relationship with Jayce made him expect to help more kids. “Honestly, it ____19____ a lot to know that I changed Jayce’s life,” Trashaun says. Still, he never dreamed that his ____20____ would make such a great difference in others “life”. I just thought my friends would see them, and be like, “Oh, he dunked it!”
He certainly did.
13．A．lonely B．silly C．different D．ordinary
14．A．lost B．hurt C．used D．recovered
15．A．hardly B．simply C．still D．never
16．A．answer B．family C．education D．problem
17．A．happy B．sorry C．helpful D．fearful
18．A．sadness B．patience C．confidence D．honesty
19．A．means B．cares C．saves D．takes
20．A．attitudes B．disabilities C．words D．videos
【答案】
13．C 14．A 15．B 16．D 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．D
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了同样失去左臂的Trashaun在网上发布的视频是如何鼓舞了Jayce，使他重拾信心的。
13．句意：我为什么会与众不同？
lonely孤独的；silly愚蠢的；different不同的；ordinary普通的。根据“Jayce began noticing when he started his schooling that he looked different from his classmates. They had two arms. He had one.”可知，Jayce发现自己与其他同学不太一样，因为他们有两只手，而他只有一只。C选项different符合句意，故选C。
14．句意：和Jayce一样，他失去了大部分左臂。
lost失去；hurt受伤；used使用；recovered康复。根据“like Jayce”提示，Trashaun也失去了左臂。A选项lost符合句意，故选A。
15．句意：看着Trashaun（的视频）对Jayce来说似乎仅仅只是一个令人鼓舞的时刻……
hardly几乎不；simply仅仅；still仍然；never绝不。根据下文“If it had stayed just that, Lewis would have been happy enough … a family friend had already reached out to the newspaper to help set up a meeting with Trashaun to build Jayce’s confidence”可知，如果只是一直（看特拉肖恩的视频）下去，刘易斯就已经很高兴了，但一个朋友却更进一步，打算让Trashaun和Jayce见面，帮后者重新建立信心，而不只是通过看视频来获得鼓舞。故空格处应填入意为“仅仅”的副词。B选项simply符合句意，故选B。
16．句意：他看到了一个有着相似问题的榜样。
answer回答；family家庭；education教育；problem问题。根据“similar”提示，Trashaun和Jayce之间的共同问题都是失去了左臂。故空格处应填入意为“问题”的名词。D选项problem符合句意，故选D。
17．句意：他们没有整天为自己感到难过，反而玩得很开心。
happy快乐的；sorry遗憾的；helpful有益的；fearful可怕的。根据句中“they had a lot of fun”提示，他们玩得很开心，并没有为自己失去左臂而感到难过。故空格处应填入意为“遗憾的、难过的”形容词。B选项sorry符合句意，故选B。
18．句意：Trashaun告诉Jayce不要让任何人打击他，也不要让这些话动摇他的信心。
sadness悲伤；patience耐心；confidence信心；honesty诚实。根据上文可知，Jayce因为没有左臂一直没有信心，此处鼓励他不要动摇信心。故空格处应填入意为“信心”的名词。C选项confidence符合句意，故选C。
19．句意：老实说，我改变了Jayce的生活，这对我意义重大。
means意味着；cares关心；saves节省；takes花费。根据下文可知，Trashaun做梦也没想到自己的视频会给别人的人生带来如此大的改变，这对Trashaun意义重大。故空格处应填入意为“意味着”的动词。A选项means符合句意，故选A。
20．句意：他做梦也没想到自己的视频会给别人的人生带来如此大的改变。
attitudes态度；disabilities缺陷；words话语；videos视频。根据“To her surprise, Jayce immediately got interested in the videos. At the time, it seemed that watching Trashaun was ... an encouraging moment for Jayce”可知，Jayce看到了Trashaun的视频，很受鼓舞，空格处应填入意为“视频”的名词。D选项videos符合句意，故选D。
三、阅读下列短文，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。（共26分，每小题2分）
A
Welcome to Lemon Tree Hotel and we will do all we can to make your stay an enjoyable one. We hope you will find the following useful to you.
Star Ratings: Lemon Tree Hotel, sincerely looks forward to your arrival!
Hotel Facilities (设施)
General
√ Dining room
√ Coffee shop
√ Gym centre
√ Outdoor swimming pool
√ Business Centre
√ Elevator/ lift
√ ATM
Room
√ Air-condition
√ International direct dial
√ Hair drier
√ Mini-fridge
√A private bathroom
√ Television
√ Wi-Fi free in the whole hotel
Hotel Services
Services
24-hour Front desk, Morning call, Ticket service, Taxi service, etc.
Charges
◆ A single room: ¥ 150 yuan per night.
◆ Double room: ¥ 200 yuan per night.
◆ ¥ 30 per meal, children under 12 years are half off.
Hotel Rules
● Pets are not allowed.
● Guests are responsible for their own property and safety.
● Smoke only in smoking area.
Things to remember
◇ Check-in time: 2:00 pm(present your ID card, passport)
◇ Check-out time: noon
◇ Meal time: Breakfast (8:00-9:30) Lunch (12:00-14:00) Dinner (18:30-20:30)
◇ Your reservation (预约) is safe. All personal data is encrypted (加密) and will only be used for your booking.

21．You can't ________ when staying in Lemon Tree Hotel.
A．raise pets B．go swimming C．have meals D．drink coffee
22．If Mr. Brown and his 8-year-old son have a meal in the hotel, they should pay ________.
A．¥ 30 B．¥ 45 C．¥ 60 D．¥ 75
23．Which of the following is true?
A．No free Wi-Fi in the hotel. B．You can check out at 12 o'clock.
C．Smoking is not allowed in the hotel. D．You can enjoy dinner at 18:00.
【答案】
21．A 22．B 23．B
【分析】
这是广告类的应用文，文章主要介绍了柠檬树旅馆的情况，旅馆提供了那些服务项目，各自收费的标准，及服务的时间段等信息。
21．细节理解题。根据“Pets are not allowed”可知旅馆不允许带宠物。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据“¥ 30 per meal, children under 12 years are half off”餐费每人30美元，12岁以下小孩半价，可知布朗先生带着8岁的孩子吃饭需要付款30+15=¥45。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据“√ Wi-Fi free in the whole hotel”可知A选项表述错误；根据“Check-out time: noon”可知B选项表述正确。根据“Smoke only in smoking area” 可知C选项表述错误。根据“Dinner (18:30-20:30)”可知D表述错误。故选B。
B
I read somewhere that we spend a full third of our lives waiting. But where are we doing all of this waiting, and what does it mean to an impatient society like ours? To understand the subject, let's take a look at three kinds of "waits".
The very typical form of waiting is the Watched-Pot Wait. It is without doubt the most boring of all. Take filling up the kitchen sink（洗碗池）as an example. There is completely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until it's full. During these waits, the brain flies away from the body and has your head in the clouds until the water runs out of the sink and onto your socks. This kind of wait makes the waiter helpless and mindless.
A cousin to the Watched-Pot Wait is the Forced Wait. This one requires the waiter to do in a controlled way and follow the directions. Properly preparing noodle soup required a Forced Wait. Directions are very clear. "Bring three cups of water to boil, add mix, cook it slowly for three minutes, stop heating, let stand five minutes." I have my doubts that anyone has actually followed the directions strictly. After all, Forced Waiting requires patience.
Perhaps the most powerful kind of waiting is the Lucky-Break Wait. This kind of wait is unusual in that it is for the most part voluntary（自愿的）. Unlike the Forced Wait, which is also voluntary, waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen.
Turning one's life into a waiting game requires trust and hope, and is strictly for the optimists（乐观主义者）among us. On the surface it seems as ridiculous（荒谬的）as following the directions on soup mixes, but the Lucky-Break Wait well serves those who are willing to do it. As long as one doesn't come to pass on it, wishing for a few good things to happen never hurts anybody.
We certainly do spend a lot of our time waiting. The next time you're standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle soup that you'll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky, be confident and patient. Good things come to those who wait, better things come to those who wait longer. You're probably just as busy as the next guy.
24．What is the difference between the Forced Wait and the Watched-Pot Wait?
A．The Watched-Pot Wait connects body and brain. B．The Forced Wait requires some self-control.
C．The Watched-Pot Wait needs directions. D．The Forced Wait makes people active.
25．The writer probably agrees that _________.
A．The Lucky-Break Wait doesn't give people faith and hope.
B．Everyone really follows the directions during the Forced Wait.
C．The Lucky-Break Wait doesn't always bring the expected result.
D．The waiter doesn't need to do anything during the Watched-Pot Wait.
26．What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?
A．To question about people's behaviors of waiting.
B．To show why people are impatient while waiting.
C．To help people know their feelings while waiting.
D．To advise us not to lose heart while we're waiting.
【答案】
24．B 25．C 26．D
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述我们一生中大约有三分之一的时间在等待，文章主要介绍了三种等待类型，同时告诉我们不要在等待中失去信心。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段“A cousin to the Watched-Pot Wait is the Forced Wait. This one requires the waiter to do in a controlled way and follow the directions”可知，强迫等待与关注式等待的区别是强迫等待需要一些自制力。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据第四段“Unlike the Forced Wait, which is also voluntary, waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen”可知，幸运的等待并不总是带来预期的结果。故选C。
26．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Good things come to those who wait, better things come to those who wait longer. You're probably just as busy as the next guy”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是不要在等待中失去信心，好运自然向你走来。故选D。
C
Fresh green grass, hundreds of colorful wild flowers, water running into little pools, birds making their homes in boxes, the 9,500-square-meter Augustenborg Botanical Garden may look just like any other well-organized park, but there’s a difference. It lies on the roofs (屋顶) of industrial and office buildings in the city of Malmo in Sweden.
Green roofs are not a new invention. And now they are getting popular again. The common roofs of a modern city have endless black surfaces with no life or water. Perhaps that’s why a garden on a roof becomes such a perfect choice for more and more people.
Green roofs are not just pretty. They also help to moderate the city temperature. The high temperatures on common roofs in the summer can make top floor flats uncomfortably hot. What is more, they play a part in making the cities hotter than the countryside around them, causing the “urban heat-island effect”. On a green roof, however, with its plants and water, temperatures change only a little, as they do in a park. Rooftops covered with plants help keep buildings cool. Green roofs take in rain water and protect the city drainage (排水) system. They can reduce water runoff into streets and storm water systems. This can greatly cut the costs of heating and cooling in the building below.
Also, _______. Small animals and birds can make their homes on it. Thanks to this, the city may become part of nature, rather than something completely separate from it. Though they won’t directly replace ground environments, they’re perfect for attracting birds and other wildlife to create a eco-friendly habitat (栖息地).
A green roof helps to improve the overall air quality, too. According to a study, green roofs help reduce (减少) up to:
37% of sulfur dioxide
21% of nitrous acid
0.2kg of dust particles / square meter each year
While the cost of building such a roof can still be higher, it can be cheaper in the long term as a result of energy savings. And wouldn’t it be wonderful to be able to walk out into a garden high above the city’s noise and traffic, whether you’re at school or in an office or just at home in a ten-floor block?
27．With the example of Augustenborg Botanical Garden, the writer wants to explain ________.
A．how wildlife is protected B．what a green roof is like
C．how to organize a good park D．what to do with a spare roof
28．The word “moderate” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”.
A．raise B．check C．record D．control
29．Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank in Paragraph 4?
A．a green roof is alive B．a green roof protects animals
C．a green roof is perfect D．a green roof helps the environment
【答案】
27．B 28．D 29．A
【分析】
本文以奥古斯登植物园为例，介绍了什么是绿色屋顶及其好处。它不止漂亮也有助于调节城市温度。此外，绿色屋顶吸收雨水，保护城市排水系统。绿色屋顶充满生机，使这座城市成为自然的一部分。
27．细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，作者此处以奥古斯登植物园为例，解释绿色屋顶是什么样子的。故选B。
28．词句猜测题。raise升高；check检查；record记录；control控制，调节。根据“The high temperatures on common roofs in the summer can make top floor flats uncomfortably hot…Rooftops covered with plants help keep buildings cool.”可知，夏天普通屋顶的高温会让顶层公寓热得不舒服，但是绿色屋顶有助于保持建筑物的凉爽，所以此处moderate表示“控制，调节”的含义。故选D。
29．推理判断题。根据下文“Small animals and birds can make their homes on it.”可知，动物和小鸟可以在上面安家，所以绿色屋顶是充满生机的。故选A。
D
Old habits, especially bad ones, can be hard to break.
People often make fun of New Year's resolutions (决心). However, resolutions present a big opportunity for self-improvement. Fortunately, social science has some ideas about how to start a good habit and stick to it.
Gary Charness and Uri Gneezy, two scientists at the University of Chicago, did some research, where 120 students were asked to take part in an experiment about exercise habits, and each of them would get $175 in the end. The students were randomly assigned (随机分配) to three groups. The first group got the money for just giving researchers permission (允许) to record their gym attendance. The second group gave permission, but had to go to the gym at least once the next month. The final group gave permission and had to go to the gym eight times that month.
Unsurprisingly, the group that had to make eight gym visits to get paid exercised more than the other two groups. After the payments stopped, these students kept going to the gym at higher rates (频率). They went to the gym about twice as often as the other two groups.
In another study, researchers invited 151 students to work out in the gym, and randomly assigned 75 to a “temptation-bundling” group. As they exercised, they listened to the start of an attractive audio-novel (有声小说). At the end of their workout, students were told that if they wanted to hear what happened next in their book, they would have to come back to the gym. They could only listen to the audio-book while exercising. The other 76 students also completed the first workout but without any kind of temptation bundle.
It turned out that the students in the temptation-bundling group visited the gym 27% more often than the control group over the next seven weeks. Sadly, the temptation-bundling trick fell apart over the Thanksgiving holiday when the gym was closed.
The studies show that trying something new quite often for as little as a month can kick-start a lasting change in behavior. Moreover, “temptation-bundling” may also be a useful method for changing behavior, particularly when used together with other methods. Even if you cannot promise yourself to stick with something for long, there is a huge benefit in putting in a lot of energy for a few weeks. It may pay off for longer than you think. So, why not challenge yourself with next New Year's resolution?
30．What can we learn from the two studies?
A．The students got different payments according to their gym attendance.
B．The temptation-bundling group loved audio-novels more than the other group.
C．27% of students in the temptation-bundling group exercised more often than before.
D．The students who exercised more often at first were more likely to keep working out.
31．The third paragraph is mainly about __________.
A．how the research was performed B．what was found in the research
C．why the scientists did the research D．who took part in the research
32．The underlined word “temptation-bundling” in Paragraph 5 probably means __________.
A．forming new habits by trying something you didn't like before
B．connecting something you like with something you have to do
C．improving your workout skills by listening to audio-books
D．pushing yourself by doing two tasks at the same time
33．What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?
A．To encourage people to go to the gym more often.
B．To present a new way to do scientific research.
C．To offer advice on how to develop a good habit.
D．To stress the importance of New Year's resolutions.
【答案】
30．D 31．A 32．B 33．C
【解析】
【分析】
俗话说“旧习难改”，本文介绍了科学家们做的两个实验，告诉我们习惯是可以改变的，只要你用对的方法并坚持。
30．细节理解题。第一个实验“After the payments stopped, these students kept going to the gym at higher rates (频率).”可知那些经常去健身房的，实验结束后去健身房的次数更多，第二个实验“It turned out that the students in the temptation-bundling group visited the gym 27% more often than the control group over the next seven weeks.”中由于听小说去的次数多的人，比去的少的更容易坚持。故选D。
31．主旨大意题。第三段主要介绍了这个实验的具体分组，以及每组怎样做，因此A选项符合主旨。故选A。
32．推理判断题。根据“As they exercised, they listened to the start of an attractive audio-novel (有声小说). At the end of their workout, students were told that if they wanted to hear what happened next in their book, they would have to come back to the gym.”可知temptation-bundling这组人在健身房可以听小说，然后他如果想要继续听，下次就还要来健身房，因此与B选项“把你想做的事和不得不做的事联系到一起”相符合。故选B。
33．主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句话“Fortunately, social science has some ideas about how to start a good habit and stick to it.”可知本文介绍的两个实验主要是关于如何开始一个习惯并坚持。因此本文主要是介绍形成习惯的建议。故选C。
四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题（共10分，每小题2分）
Cloud Forests
In the Americas, Asia, and Africa, there's a special kind of forest—the cloud forest. Cloud forests are usually found from 500 meters to 4,000 meters above sea level in the clouds on the slopes （斜坡）of mountains. They experience rainfall, but they also get water straight from the air. The water is unpolluted, and moves through the ground into streams and then rivers.
Cloud forests are very important to both people who live nearby and the animals and plants living there. They provide water to nearby villages and cities. People drink the water, use it for cooking, and irrigate （灌溉） their farm fields with it. In Kenya, people even use water from cloud forests to produce electricity. Although cloud forests only make up 2.5 percent of the world's rainforests, they are also home to many animals and plants.
Unfortunately, cloud forests now face many problems. Local poor people clear the cloud forests. They cut down trees to grow food and use the wood to heat their homes and cook. Building roads also badly harms the cloud forests. Once cloud forests are cleared, the cloud cover, which is important and necessary to the growth of these forests, goes away. Another bigger worry is that the temperature increases gradually. If world temperatures rise, cloud forests will have to move up to a higher place where the temperatures are cooler. But some cloud forests on mountain tops with nowhere to climb will die out.
Scientists fear we might lose cloud forests, along with the water and other services they provide. Some governments have taken actions to protect cloud forests. They make laws against cutting down trees in the cloud forests. They provide the local people with other ways to get food and energy. They also educate the local people on how cloud forests provide fresh water and what will happen when they are cleared.
Cloud forests are too valuable to lose. We must save them—plus the animals and plants they support—before it's too late.
34．How many meters above sea level are cloud forests usually found?
_____________________________________________________________
35．Where does the water in the cloud forests come from?
______________________________________________________________
36．Why are cloud forests important to people in the nearby villages and cities?
___________________________________________________________________
37．What problems do cloud forests face?
________________________________________________________________
38．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
________________________________________________________________
【答案】
34．From 500 meters to 4,000 meters.
35．Rainfall and the air.
36．Because they provide water to them.
37．Local people clear the cloud forests. The temperature increases gradually.
38．What some governments have done to protect cloud forests.
【分析】
文章介绍了云雾森林，包括它的位置，给人们带来的好处，以及面临的问题，以及政府采取的行动。
34．根据“Cloud forests are usually found from 500 meters to 4,000 meters above sea level in the clouds on the slopes （斜坡）of mountains.”可知，云雾森林通常从海拔500米到4000米的山的斜坡上的云层中被发现，故填From 500 meters to 4,000 meters。
35．根据“They experience rainfall, but they also get water straight from the air.”可知，云雾森林中的水是从降雨和空气中来，故填Rainfall and the air。
36．根据“Cloud forests are very important to both people who live nearby and the animals and plants living there. They provide water to nearby villages and cities.”可知，云雾森林给附近的村庄和城市的人们提供水，故填Because they provide water to them.
37．根据“Unfortunately, cloud forests now face many problems. Local poor people clear the cloud forests.”以及“Another bigger worry is that the temperature increases gradually.”可知，云雾森林面临的问题是当地的穷人清理云雾森林以及气温逐渐升高，故填Local people clear the cloud forests. The temperature increases gradually.
38．根据“Some governments have taken actions to protect cloud forests…They also educate the local people on how cloud forests provide fresh water and what will happen when they are cleared.”可知，主要是介绍了一些政府已经采取行动保护云雾森林，故填What some governments have done to protect cloud forests.
五、 文段表达（共10分）
39. 从下面两个题目中选择一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作，文中已给出内容不计总词数，所给提示词语仅供选用，请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
题目①：
“榜样的力量是无穷的”，榜样无处不在，榜样就在你身边。
为弘扬时代精神，某英文网站正在开展以“榜样”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你的榜样是谁，他/她做过什么，具备什么样品质？你从他/她身上学到了什么？
提示词语：respect, set a good example, hard working…
提示问题：
● Who is your role model?
● What has he/she done?
● What have you learned from him/her?
My role model is ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】
例文：
My Role Model
My role model is my English teacher. I respect her very much.
She is a hard-working teacher with great patience. When we get low scores, she often encourages us to work harder. When we have troubles, she often helps us solve them.
She sets a good example for us. I have learned more about how to treat others from her. I’ll try my best to be a person like her.
【解析】
【详解】
1. 题干解读：写一篇征文，谈谈自己的榜样。包括：榜样是谁？他/她做了什么？你从他/她身上学到了什么？题目自拟，开头已经给出，写作时承接开头。
2. 写作指导：本文采用第一人称来叙述，时态采用一般现在时为主。分三段：第一段简单介绍自己的偶像；第二段写他/她做了哪些事情；第三段写从他/她身上学到的东西。注意语句连贯，无语法错误。
题目②：
减负之后，同学们有了更多的课余时间。某校英语角就“如何让课余生活更有意义?”展开了讨论，大家各抒己见。请你根据以下提示，以“ How to Make Our Spare Time More Meaningful?”为题，用英语写一篇短文。
内容提示：
1. 帮助父母
2. 阅读书籍
3. 志愿服务
4. 你的建议……
要求：
(1)短文应包括所给内容要点，可适当发挥，使文章连贯；
(2)词数90左右，短文开头已给出，不计入总词数；
(3)短文中不得出现考生的真实姓名、校名等信息。
How to Make Our Spare Time More Meaningful?
Nowadays, we students have much more spare time than ever before, but how to make our spare time more meaningful?_________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文：
How to Make Our Spare Time More Meaningful?
Nowadays, we students have much more spare time than ever before, but how to make our spare time more meaningful?
We can take full advantage of our spare time to do some meaningful things. We can help our parents do some housework so that they can have more time to do their own things. We can read some books to learn new knowledge or to relax ourselves. We can also do some voluntary work. For example, we can raise some money for homeless people. We can help the old people who live alone. All these things will make our spare time more meaningful.
Let’s use our spare time effectively and make it more meaningful.
【解析】
【详解】
1. 题干解读：以“How to Make Our Spare Time More Meaningful?”为题目，写一篇关于让课余时间更有意义的作文。内容可以包括帮助父母、阅读书籍、志愿服务等。写作时承接短文开头。
2. 写作指导：本文应该用第一人称来写，时态用一般现在时。第一段已经给出，第二段可以写利用课余时间做的一些事情以及这些事情有哪些意义。第三段结尾，呼吁大家有效利用课余时间，丰富课余生活。注意语句连贯，不要有语法错误。