Unit 6 Grammar and Writing-七年级英语上册同步精品讲义（人教版）

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Unit 6  Grammar and Writing  Grammar可数名词与不可数名词Writing介绍饮食习惯  单元语法专讲：可数名词与不可数名词知识点01  名词的种类、定义、特点和用法名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。它们的定义、特点和用法的区别见下表：分类可数名词不可数名词定义表示可以用数量计算的名词。表示不可以用数量计算的名词。特点有单、复数形式之分。没有复数形式，但有量的变化。用法可以直接用不定冠词a/an或具体的基数词如one,two,three等来修饰。不能使用不定冠词或基数词直接修饰，如要表示确切量时，要用“基数词或冠词＋量词＋of+不可数名词”的结构表示。知识点02 可数名词单数变复数的方法可数名词单数变复数规则方法如下：类别构成方法例词一般情况词尾加－sbook→books;boy→boys以s,x,sh,ch结尾的词词尾加－esbox→boxes;watch→watches以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词变y为i,再加－esstrawberry→strawberries;family→families以f(e)结尾的词变f(e)为v,再加－esknife-knives; leaf-leaves以字母o结尾的词有生命的在词尾加－estomato→tomatoes;potato→potatoes以字母o结尾的词没有生命的在词尾加－sradio→radios;photo→photos 注意以下特殊情况：（1)单复数同形Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese,sheep-sheep,deer-deer（2)不规则变化 foot-feet,man-men ,chi1d-children,woman-women,mouse-mice（3)有些名词常用复数形式  clothes,trousers,pants,shoes（4)有些名词常用单数形式表示复数概念  police【即学即练1】Hurry up(快点儿）！Some            and            are on sale(减价销售）in the supermarket.A.tomato;egg         B.tomatoes;egg          C.tomatoes;eggs           D.tomato;eggs解析：用语法判定法解题。tomato和egg都是可数名词，由前面的修饰词some可知，空格处均应当用其复数形式。答案 C知识点03 不可数名词不可数名词计量时要用“基数词或冠词＋量词＋of+不可数名词”来表示，量词可用单数，也可用复数。a glass/two glasses of milk一／两杯牛奶a piece/three pieces of bread一／三片面包温馨提示：1.and连接两个并列的不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。Milk and bread are both my favorite.牛奶和面包都是我最喜欢的。2.不可数名词作主语或其前的量词是单数时，谓语动词用单数形式；不可数名词前的量词是复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。The rice is nice, and I want to buy some.大米很好，我想买一些。A bag of rice is on the table.一袋大米在桌子上。Three bags of rice are OK.三袋大米就可以了。【即学即练2】Mike doesn't have enough money, so he can only afford               .A.a bread            B. too much bread            C. a piece of bread解析：bread为不可数名词，不能用不定冠词a直接修饰，排除A项；根据主句“迈克没有足够多的钱”可推知，从句应表示“所以他只能买得起一片面包”。答案 C知识点04 既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词的名词有些名词既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词但它们表达的意义是不同的，见下表：可数名词不可数名词chicken(s)(鸡）chicken(鸡肉）fish(es)(鱼）fish(鱼肉）glass(es)(杯子）glass(玻璃）fish表示“鱼”时，是可数名词，单复数同形；表示“不同种类的鱼”时，是可数名词，复数形式为fishes;表示“鱼肉”时，是不可数名词，无复数形式。three fish 3条鱼 three fishes 3种鱼知识点05 修饰可数名词及不可数名词的词汇修饰可数名词many,a few,few修饰不可数名词much, a little,little既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词a lot of, lots of,somesome chicken/students一些鸡肉／学生many apples许多苹果a lot of money/bananas 许多钱／香蕉much orange juice 许多橙汁【即学即练3】－Would you like some                 ？－Yes,please,just a few.A.milk               B.pork             C.rice            D.oranges解析：用题眼法解题。由答语中“a few”可知空格处需要填可数名词复数。  考法01  单元写作话题：介绍饮食习惯【典例1】单元话题假如你叫Jim,你喜欢吃健康食品，有良好的饮食习惯。请根据下面提示写一篇短文，介绍一下你的饮食习惯。词数：60左右。喜爱：水果、蔬菜早餐：牛奶、鸡蛋和面包午餐：米饭和鸡肉晚餐：蔬菜、水果和米饭审题指导（把握中心，得方向分）1.确定本文是一篇说明文，介绍一日三餐的饮食情况及对食物的喜好，注意like的使用。2.注意可数名词和不可数名词以及第三人称单数的正确使用和主谓一致。写作方法（学会方法，巧得高分）“问答问法”写三餐饮食类作文一、引出问题；二、回答问题；三、反问结尾。写作模板（学会套路，得基本分）引出问题...name is......am/is/are very healthy.Do you want to know about...eating habits?回答问题...like/likes... for breakfast/lunch/dinner.反问结尾What do you like to eat?Can you tell me?经典词句（妙用句式，得出彩分）单词egg,hamburger,tomato,bread,apple,fruit,milk,rice,vegetable,meat,chicken,healthy短语eating habits,for breakfast/lunch/dinner句子I like...for breakfast/lunch/dinner.He/She likes...范文赏析（书写工整，得印象分）My name is Jim. I am very healthy. Do you want to know about my eating habits?I like vegetables and fruit. I think they are healthy.For breakfast,I like milk, eggs and bread.For lunch, I like rice and chicken. And I have vegetables,fruit and rice for dinner.What do you like to eat?Can you tell me?名师点评本文运用了“问答问法”写三餐饮食：一、引出问题：第一段；二、回答问题，介绍饮食习惯：第二段，for breakfast,for lunch, for dinner等词组的使用，使短文语句通顺，意思连贯；三、反问结尾：第三段，语言流畅，表达清楚。  题组A  基础过关练一、单项选择1．—Sir, may I take your order?—OK. I’d like one bowl of ________.A．eggs noodles B．noodles with egg C．egg noodle D．egg noodles2．—You look so healthy. —Because I never eat junk food and I often have ________ and ________ for dinner.A．tomato；fish B．tomatoes；fishesC．tomatoes；fish D．tomato；fishes3．I often eat a lot of ________ because my father likes going ________.A．fishes; fishing B．fish; fish C．fish; fishing4．—Dumplings are our Chinese popular ________. Do you like them, Jack? —Yes. I think they are very delicious.A．dish B．soup C．drink D．food5．Linda has healthy eating habits. She always has ________ and ________ for lunch.A．fishes; noodles B．mutton; ice-cream C．chicken; beef D．salad; dumpling6．—What fruit do you like? —I like ________.A．carrots B．pears C．water D．bread7．It is good for us to eat __________, like carrots and cabbage.A．chicken B．noodles C．vegetables D．mutton8．—Mike, is there any food in the fridge(冰箱)?—No, We need to buy some _______ and _______.A．beef; onion B．beef; carrots C．mutton; tomatos D．mutton; potato9．— How much bread do you need?— I need ________.A．two pieces of bread B．two pieces of breads  C．two piece of bread D．two piece of breads10．Here ________ two photos of his family.A．is B．are C．be D．am11．I always have ________, ________ and milk for breakfast on weekends.A．strawberries; bread B．strawberrys; breads C．strawberries; breads12．There           some milk in the bottle.A．is B．are C．be13．Jack has two ________. One is yellow, the other is black.A．box B．pencil C．pencil boxs D．pencil boxes14．—Mom, where ________ my pens?—I don’t know.A．be B．am C．is D．are15．—Kate, what do you have for lunch?—I have some _________ and _________.A．chicken; carrots B．chickens; carrots C．chicken; carrot二、用所给单词的正确形式填空1．I have two interesting ________ (knife).2．How much is this pair of ________ (sport) shoes?3．It is very tiring to look after two ______ (baby)．4．There were so many __________ (visit) in the museum yesterday.5．There are lots of _________ (paint) on the wall.6．Australia and France are my favorite ________ (country)．7．—What would you like, sir?—I’d like some ________ (chicken).8．Many _________ (visit) will come to our school tomorrow.9．Some of my friends are __________ (German). We are kind to each other.10．She has to wear __________ (glass) in class, because she can’t see the blackboard clearly.题组B  能力提升练一、完形填空Yu Mei ____1____ some noodles. So she goes to a house of noodles with her mother. There are many kinds of ____2____ and many ____3____ in it. Yu Mei is very ____4____ . She sees a bowl of noodles, but it’s too small. She’d like a ____5____ one. There are large and small bowls. She likes a large one ____6____ onions and mutton. She wants her mother ____7____ it for her. When she ____8____ some drinks, she also asks her mother to buy some. Her mother buys one large bowl of noodles, two glasses of ____9____ juice. How much are they? Only $4.5. They are cheap, but they are _____10_____ .1．A．want B．buys C．would like D．would likes2．A．things B．noodles C．drinks D．shops3．A．peoples B．people C．men D．women4．A．hungry B．sad C．nice D．good5．A．great B．small C．large D．new6．A．with B．for C．to D．about7．A．buy B．buying C．buys D．to buy8．A．looks B．watches C．reads D．sees9．A．oranges B．orange C．an orange D．a orange10．A．bad B．delicious C．terrible D．healthy二、阅读理解New Year’s Day is a traditional (传统的) festival in the world. On this day, people in different countries eat different food. In the USA, people eat herrings (鲱鱼). Americans like herrings because herrings always swim fast together in the water. They are the symbol of happiness and richness for a family. In Spain, families like to get together, listen to music and play games. And when it is twelve o’clock at night and the New Year begins, people will eat twelve grapes. They think the grapes can bring good luck in the next twelve months. As we all know, dumplings are the best food for Chinese. They mean tuanyuan. And many families make one or two dumplings with coins (硬币) inside. People who eat dumplings with coins will get happiness. Different people eat different food on New Year’s Day, but they all want health and happiness.1．In the USA, herrings are the symbol of ________ for a family.A．happiness and richness B．good luckC．tuanyuan D．health and happiness2．Which of the following is NOT true?A．Chinese put some coins in their dumplings.B．Different people eat different food on New Year’s Day.C．Americans eat herrings when the New Year begins.D．The Spanish eat twenty grapes when the New Year begins.3．Who likes to eat grapes on New Year’s Day?A．People in the USA． B．People in Spain.C．People in China. D．People in England.4．Why do Chinese like to eat dumplings on New Year’s Day?A．Because they mean tuanyuan in China.B．Because there are coins in the dumplings.C．Because it is easy to make dumplings.D．Because dumplings may bring them happiness.5．This passage mainly tells us ________ on New Year’s Day.A．different people B．different food C．different countries D．different cities三、用所给单词的正确形式填空1．Xu Beihong is a great __ (art) in China.2．The animals with long __ (nose) are from African.3．There are many ________（kind）of animals in the zoo.4．I don’t like eating ________, but I have three ________. (chicken)5．I’d like to eat ________, but I don’t like ________ soup. (tomato)四、改写句子1．She is a woman worker. （改为复数句）________ ________ ________ ________.2．There is a newspaper (报纸) on the table. (改为复数句)There _______ some ________ on the table.3．It’s his family photo. (改为复数句)_______   _______ his family _______.4．This is my watch. (改为复数句)_______ are our _______.5．Is that your teacher? (改为复数句)________ ________ your ________?题组C  培优拔尖练一、单项选择1．（2018·四川攀枝花·中考真题）—Would you like some ________?—Yes, please give me just a few.A．milk B．water C．apples D．bread2．（湖南永州·一模） I like ______. They are healthy food.A．tomato B．fish C．tomatoes3．（广东珠海·一模）There are many __________ shops in this street. I want a pair of ________ shoes.A．shoe, sport B．shoes, sport C．shoe, sports D．shoes, sports4．（河北邯郸·二模）My family ________ supper together every day. It’s really a happy time for all of us.A．have B．had C．are having D．will have5．（广东·一模）— What would you like?— I’m thirsty. I’d like_________.A．two cups of tea B．two cup of tea C．two eggs.6．（2021·浙江·模拟预测）—What vegetables do you like, Alice?—_______.A．Chicken B．Egg C．Bananas D．Carrots7．（2021·云南·模拟预测）—Jenny, what’s your favorite _______?—I like bananas best.A．vegetables B．fruit C．drink8．（广西来宾·中考真题）—There are many ________ about this farm.—Yes, lots of ________ are planted on it.A．photo; potato B．photos; potatos C．photos; potatoes D．photoes; potatoes9．（2017·辽宁丹东·中考真题）I am hungry. But there is little          left. I have to go and buy some.A．sandwiches B．potatoes C．water D．bread10．（2017·湖南邵阳·中考真题）一Mom, please give me two       . I want to make vegetable salad.一OK. Here you are.A．tomato B．tomatoes C．tomatos11．（湖北恩施·中考真题）-May I take your order, sir? -            A．Chicken with vegetables and two bowls of rices.B．Chicken with vegetables and two bowls of rice.C．Chickens with vegetable and two bowl of rice.12．（贵州安顺·中考真题）There are fifty                     in our school. They are all friendly to us.A．woman teachers B．women teacherC．woman teacher D．women teachers13．（湖北黄冈·中考真题）—What would you like to drink, girls? —_____, please.A．Two glass of water B．Two glass of watersC．Two cups of tea D．Two cups of teas14．（贵州铜仁·中考真题）—What would you like to eat? —Some _________, please.A．bread B．cake C．coffee D．tea15．（湖南株洲·中考真题）Bananas, apples and oranges are all ____________.A．fruits B．vegetables C．drinks二、书面表达王琳的朋友珍妮（Jenny）有健康的饮食习惯，下表是她一日三餐的清单。假如你是王琳，请根据表格中的信息，向大家介绍一下珍妮的饮食情况。Breakfast eggs, milkLunch rice, vegetables, chicken, fruit saladDinner apples, strawberries, bananas要求：1）语句通顺、语意连贯；2）叙述表格中全部内容, 可适当增加合理想象；3）不少于50词。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________