牛津版 (深圳&广州)八年级下册Unit 1 Helping those in need精品练习

这是一份牛津版 (深圳&广州)八年级下册Unit 1 Helping those in need精品练习

牛津深圳（广州）版八年级下册Unit1 Helping those in need词汇知识点详解熟悉读音与词性：二、重点词用法详解：【1】raise 动词，意为“筹募;增加；提高”。　【拓展】（1）raise money 筹募资金 I think we should raise some money for them. 我认为我们应为他们筹集一些钱。（2）raise one’s spirits使振奋 We should raise their spirits.我们应该使他们振奋。【辨析】raise与rise 两者均可意为“提高；上升”，区别在于:（1）raise 通常是及物动词，后接宾语。 He raises his voice. 他提高了他的嗓音。（2）rise 通常是不及物动词，后不接宾语。 The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。（ ）Please raise your hand if you know the answer. （选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项） A. put down B. put on C. put up【2】disabled 形容词，意为“丧失能力的；有残疾的”【拓展】（1）disable v. 使……失去能力 He was disabled in the accident. 他在那次事故中成了残疾。（2）able adj. 有能力的 We were able to do this. 我们有能力做到这个。【应用】He is old enough to be_______（disabled）to take care of himself.【3】offer (1) 动词，意为“主动提出；提供”; 名词，意为“提议；提供物”。 He offered his seat to the old on the bus. 他在公共汽车上给老人让座。 I ought to reconsider her offer to move in. 我应该重新考虑她搬进来的提议。【拓展】offer to do表示愿意去做 Peter offered to teach them water-skiing. 彼得表示愿意教他们滑水。【应用】 He offered ________（help）the disabled. 【4】suffer 动词，意为“（因疾病等）受苦；受折磨”【拓展】suffer from 受……折磨【应用】( )People are suffering_______ the flood. A. from B. To C. for【5】serious 形容词，意为“严重的；认真的；严肃的”【拓展】seriously adv. 严重地；严肃地 It would seriously damage my business. 它会严重地损害我的生意。 They spoke to me very seriously but politely. 他们非常严肃但又很有礼貌地与我谈话。【应用】 The boy is_________（serious）ill. 【6】organize 动词，意为“组织；筹备”。【拓展】（1）organize 的近义词为 hold We will organize/hold a party for her birthday. 我们将为她的生日举行一个派对。（2）organization n. 组织 Most of the food for the homeless is provided by voluntary organizations. 给无家可归者的大部分食物是由志愿组织提供的。（3）organized adj. 有组织的；安排有序的 Do you have any connections to organized crime? 你参与了任何有组织的犯罪吗？（4）organizer n. 组织者；承办单位 A good organizer pays attention to detail. 一个好的组织者考虑问题无微不至。【应用】（1）( )They organized a concert for the Christmas. （选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项） A. joined B. took part in C. held（2）China joined the World Trade ____________ （organize）some years ago. （3）Sam is a member of an____________________ （ organize）which protects rivers and lakes in China. 【7】lonely 形容词，意为“孤独的；寂寞的；偏僻的”。【辨析】（1）lonely意为“孤独的”, 表示心里的感觉，可以放在名词前修饰名词。 He feels lonely. 他感到孤独。 He is a lonely man. 他是个孤独的人。（2）alone意为“孤单的；一个人；独自地”, 同义词组为 “by oneself”, “on one’s own”。通常作表语或状语，不能放在名词前。 He is alone. 他一个人。 He lives alone. 他一个人住。 【应用】( )（1）He lives by himself, but he is not______ . A. lonely B. alone C. lone( )（2）He lives in a(n)______ island. A. lonely B. alone C. Lone( )（3）He lives alone. （选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项） A. lonely B. lone C. on his own【8】difficulty 名词，意为“困难”。【拓展】（1）difficult adj. 困难的 It’s not difficult to see what’s behind it. 不难明白 其中的奥妙。（2）have difficulty（in）... 在(某方面)有困难 Maybe you have difficulty in finding it. 也许你去找时会有困难。【应用】（1）It is too ________（difficulty）for him to do it. （2）They have difficulty in ________ （read）. 【9】joy 名词，意为“快乐;喜悦”。【拓展】（1）joyful adj. 快乐的 The party is a joyful one. 那次聚会是一次欢乐的聚会。（2）joy的同义词有happiness, pleasure, fun。 She cried with joy/happiness. 她高兴得哭了。【应用】（1）It is________（joy）to have a picnic. （2）( ) His joy showed itself in his eyes. （选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项） A. happy B. funny C. pleasure【10】voluntary 形容词，意为义务的，志愿的【拓展】 （1）voluntarily 自愿地 （2） volunteer 自愿者，志愿参加者 自愿，自告奋勇（3）voluntary work/service/organization/society/worker/assistant/activity工作 服务 组织 社团 人员 助手 活动（4）volunteer to do【应用】1）When he retired he did a lot of ________ (volunteer)work for the Red Cross.(volunteer)2）She was not fired，she left ________(volunteer). 她不是被解雇的，她是自愿离职的3）The company ________(volunteer) to donate fifty trucks to help the war effort. 公司主动捐献50辆卡车支援战事。【11】pay 动词，意为“付款；偿还”。【拓展】 pay n. 工资；薪水；报答 They complained about their pay and conditions. 他们抱怨他们的薪水和工作条件。 搭配：pay off 偿清（债务）；支付（债务）的全部数额 pay attention to 注意 pay a visit to 去参观，拜访 pay for 为……付款 【辨析】spend, take, cost和pay的用法区别： ▲spend time with sb ▲sb spend time/money on sthin doing sth ▲sb pay money for sth ▲sb buy sth for money/at the price of money ▲sth cost sb money▲It takes sb time to do sth【应用】（1）（厦门中考）--Do you often get online？--Yes，I ________lots of time on it. It’s a good way to kill time.A. cost B. spend C. take（2）（沈阳中考）I paid ¥25 ________ the beef and I only got a little.A. for B. on C. in D. to（3）（南京中考）-What a beautiful sweater！How much did you ________for it？-198 yuan.A. take B. cost C. pay D. spend（4）（青岛中考）What shall I _________ my grandpa ____ his birthday？A. get；of B. buy；for C. find；for D. give；of（5）（黑龙江中考）How much does the train ticket ________ from Harbin to Beijing？A. cost B. spend C. pay（6）（陕西中考）I bought some CDs for my friend and they________ me $30.A. spent B. paid C. cost D. used（7）（福州中考）-It ________ the Chinese people eight years to build the Three Gorges Dam.-How great！A. spends B. costs C. paid D. tookraise[reɪz]v筹募,增加；提高joy[dʒɒɪ]n愉快；喜悦permission[pə'mɪʃ(ə)n]n准许；批准peace[piːs]n平静；宁静disabled[dɪs'eɪbld]adj丧失能力的；有残疾的hurt[hɜːt]v（使）疼痛；受伤teenager['tiːneɪdʒə]n青少年courage['kʌrɪdʒ]n勇气；勇敢offer['ɒfə]v主动提出spirits['spirits]n情绪；心境suffer['sʌfə]v（因疾病等）受苦；受折磨pay[peɪ]v付费serious['sɪərɪəs]adj严重的community[kəˈmju:nətɪ]n社区illness[ˈɪlnəs]n（某种）病in need需要帮助的organize[ˈɔ:gənaɪz]v组织；筹备voluntary work义务性的工作express[ɪk'spres; ek-]v表达；表露ask permission报请批准pain[peɪn]n痛苦；苦恼suffer from因......受苦；受折磨lonely['ləʊnlɪ]adj孤独的；寂寞的raise one's spirits使振奋；使鼓起勇气friendship['fren(d)ʃɪp]n友情；友谊in order to为了difficulty['dɪfɪk(ə)ltɪ] n困难，困境