初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版九年级全册Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth!Section A教案

Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth!

【第一课时】

Section A 1 (1a-2d)

【教学目标】

1. 语言知识目标

基本词汇：litter, advantage, bottom, fisherman, coal, ugly, cost, wooden, plastic, takeaway, bin, shark, fin, method, cruel. Harmful, chain, ecosystem, industry, law, scientific, afford, reusable, transportation, recycle, napkin, upside, gate, bottle, president, inspiration, iron, work, metal, creativity,

基本词组：be harmful to, at the top(of sth.), take part in, turn off, take action, throw away, put sth. to good use, pull… down, bring back

基本句型：We’re trying to save the earth!

          The river used to be so clean.

          The air is badly polluted.

          No scientific studies have showed that shark fins are good for health.

          We should help save the sharks.

2. 技能目标: 能正确运用现在进行时，现在完成时，被动语态，情态动词和used to 句型。

3. 情感目标: 有环境危机意识，学会关注环境保护环境。

【教学重难点】

1. 教学重点：（1）能正确运用现在进行时，现在完成时，被动语态，情态动词和used to 句型。

            （2）保护环境的措施方法。

2. 教学难点：能正确运用现在进行时，现在完成时，被动语态，情态动词和used to 句型。

【教学过程】

I. Presentation

Show the picture of the earth and tell students the earth is polluted now.

For example: (1) The factories that burn coal pollute the air with a lot of black smoke.

(2) Factories put waste into the river.

(3) People should throw away litter in the bin.

 (4)There are more cars on the road.

II. Learning

Here are some words related to different kinds of pollution. Write them in the box below. Then add more words.

noise pollution    air pollution    water pollution

____________    ___________   _____________

____________    ___________   _____________

____________    ___________   _____________

____________    ___________   _____________

Keys : noise pollution   loud music    planes   mobile phones   building houses

air pollution    factories       smoking      cars   building houses

water pollution   ships   rubbish    littering   factories

III. Listening

1. 1b Listen and complete the sentences.

Keys: really dirty    rubbish    fish     litter       waste   government

close down    clean up

2. Listen again and check (√) the sentences you hear.

1) We could go fishing in the river.

2) The river was really dirty.

3) The river has always been the nicest river in this town.

4) We should ask the teachers for help.

Keys: 2 3

IV. Practice

1. Role-play the conversation in 1c.

Mark: The river was dirty. Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish.

Tony: But it used to be so clean!

Mark: Yes, but people are throwing litter into the river.

Tony: Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up!

2. Make conversations using the pollution in 1a.

A: The river has always been the nicest river in this town.

B: Yes, it used to be so clean.

A: But I was there last weekend and the river was really dirty.

B: What caused the problem?

A: People are throwing litter into the river.

B: What should we do?

A: Factories are also putting waste into the river.

B: Yes, everyone in this town should play a part.

A: We should write to the government and ask them to close down the factories.

B: What else can we do?

A: Everyone should help to clean up the river.

V. Language points

1. We’re trying to save the earth!  我们正在竭尽全力拯救地球!

  try to do =try one’s best to do 努力去做某事。

  e.g. Every student should try to study hard in order to study in a university.

     为了进入大学学习，每个学生都应该努力学习。

2. Here are some words related to different kinds of pollution.

  be related to  与…有关

  e.g. I am not related to him in any way. 我和他无任何关系。

3. Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up!

  play a part in   在……方面起作用

  e.g. A good diet plays a large part in helping people live longer.

     健康的饮食在帮助人们长寿方面起着非常大的作用。

play a part  在……中扮演角色    

e.g. He was invited to play a part in this TV play.

      他被邀请参加这个电视剧的演出。

4. Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish.

  Yes, but people are throwing litter into the river.

litter 和 rubbish 都可指“垃圾”，用作不可数名词。

rubbish 指“没用的东西(被扔或将要丢弃的无用的东西)”不可回收。

litter 指“(室内或公共场所)乱扔的废物(纸屑、不要的包装纸、废瓶等)”还可回收

e.g. Throw the rubbish out.  把垃圾扔出去。

　　  The room is full of rubbish.  房间里堆满了垃圾。

　　  Pick up your litter after a picnic.   野餐后将废弃物收拾好。

VI. Listening

1. 2a Listen to the interview. Circle the kinds of pollution that Jason and Susan talk about.

A. land pollution            B. air pollution

C. noise pollution           D. water pollution

Keys: B A

2. 2b Listen again and complete the sentences.

1) The air is badly polluted because there are ___________ on the road these days.

2) Factories that burn coal also ________ the air with a lot of black smoke.

3) There is also too much rubbish and waste. People _________________ things every day.

4) People are also littering in ______________ like parks. This is turning beautiful places into ugly (丑陋) ones.

Keys: more cars   pollute   are throwing away   public places

3. Listen and answer the questions.

1) Who is the interviewer talking to?

2) What are they talking?

3) What other problems do they see?

Keys: Susan and Jason.

The environmental problems.

There’s too much rubbish and waste in the streets.

VII. Practice (2c)

Use the information in 2a and 2b to role-play conversations between Jason and Susan.

Jason: The air has become really polluted around here. I’m getting very worried.

Susan: Yes, I used to be able to see stars in the sky.

Jason: The problem is that…

VIII. Discussion

Ask students what we should do to save the earth. Help students answer, turn off the

lights when you leave a room; stop riding in cars; stop using paper towels or napkins; recycle books and paper.

IX. Reading

1. Read 2d and complete the chart.

2. Role-play the conversation.

Interviewer: Jason and Susan, what are your ideas for solving these problems?

Jason: Well, to cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving.

Susan: Yeah, or ride a bike. There are other advantages (优点) of bike riding. It’s good for health and it doesn’t cost (花费) anything!

Interviewer: Great ideas! What about waste pollution?

Susan: Mmm, I think simple things like bringing a bag to go shopping can help. I started doing that a year ago.

Jason: Me, too. Also, I never take wooden chopsticks or plastic (塑料) forks when I buy takeaway (外卖食品) food. I use the ones at home.

Susan: And remember to throw rubbish in the bins and keep public places clean and beautiful for everyone.

Interviewer: So together, our actions can make a difference and lead to a better future!

X. Summary and language points

1. This is turning beautiful places into ugly ones.

  turn… into…  把……变成……

e.g. The icy rain seemed like to turn into snow.

     渐渐地冻雨又变成雪花的模样。 

2. It’s good for health and it doesn’t cost anything!

  cost  v. 花费；使付出

  指花费金钱，主语通常是物。cost的过去式和过去分词均为cost。 

e.g. The new shirt cost Mr Wang 200 yuan.  王先生花了200元买了新衬衫。

     How much does the new computer cost?  新电脑花了多少钱？

take, spend, pay & cost

take，spend，pay和cost都可以表示“花费”，但它们的用法各有不同。

1) take多表示花费时间，常用于It takes sb. some time to do sth.这一句型中，其中it作形式主语。

  e.g. It usually takes me 40 minutes to cook the dinner.

2) spend多表示花费时间和金钱，主语通常是人，常用于sb. spend(s) some time / money on sth.和sb. spend(s) some time / money (in) doing sth.两种句型。

   e.g. David spent 2,000 yuan on the new machine.

      My father spends an hour (in) watching the news on TV every day.

3) pay多表示花费金钱，主语通常是人，常用于sb. pay(s) some money for sth.句型。

    e.g. Tommy paid 20 yuan for his breakfast yesterday.

4) cost多表示花费金钱，主语通常是物，常用于sth. cost(s) (sb.) some money. 句型。

    e.g. The new dress cost Linda 88 yuan.

根据句意用take, spend, pay或cost的适当形式填空。

1) That new car ________ them lots of money.

2) Mona __________ 50 yuan on the books just now.

3) It usually _______ me an hour to do my homework.

4) You should __________ some time practising your pronunciation.

5) My brother _______ 6, 000 yuan for the new computer yesterday.

Keys cost   spent   takes  spend   paid

3. So together, our actions can make a difference and lead to a better future!

  make a difference (to…)  表示(对……)产生影响或作用

  e.g. Do you think his words would make any difference to the final decision?

     你认为他的话会对最后的决定产生影响吗？ 

The new teacher always encourages little Tom. This has made a big difference

to him.

新来的老师总是鼓励小汤姆，这对他影响很大。

XI. Exercises

用动词的适当形式填空。

1) We’re trying _______ (save) the earth.

2) There used to_____ (be) clean and beautiful.

3) There are too many ______ for ________to catch (fish).

4) It’s bad for environment to use _________ (wood) chopsticks.

Keys: to save   be   fish   fishermen   wooden

XII. Think about

The earth is badly polluted. Please make a poster and think of what we can do.

XIII. Homework

1. Copy the new words and remember them.

2. Read the listening materials of 1b, 2a.

Period 2

Section A 2 (3a-3c)

【Teaching Procedures】

I. Revision

(1)   Role-play 2d.

(2)   Translate these sentences into English.

①甚至是河底都满是垃圾。

②这个小镇上的每个人都应该参加打扫。

③骑自行车有其它的优点。

④我买外卖食品从来不拿木筷子和塑料叉子。

II. Lead in

(1) Teacher tells students the earth is badly polluted. What should we do to save the earth? Let’s take action. For example:

①Turn off the lights when you leave a room;

②Take buses instead of driving cars

③Recycle books and paper.

(2) There are some animals are endangered. We should do something to protect the animals and the environment!

III. Discussion

(1) Have you ever seen a shark?

(2) What do you know about sharks? 

IV. Reading

(1)       Sharks are endangered, read the passage and judge the sentences.

①Shark’s fin（鱼鳍）soup is famous and expensive all around the world.

②We have to kill a whole shark to get a bowl of shark’s fin soup.

③People cut off sharks’ fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean.

④Sharks are in the bottom of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem.

⑤WildAid and the WWF are environmental protection groups in China.

⑥Shark’s fin s are good for health.

(2)       Complete the fact sheet in 3a.

V. Practice (3b)

(1) Read the passage and dill in the blanks with the words in the box.

1. Many people do not realize they are killing a whole shark ______ they      enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup.

2. Sharks are at the top of the food chain, ____ if their numbers drop, the ocean’s ecosystem will be in danger.

3. Many think that sharks are too strong to be endangered, _____ they are wrong.

4. _________ there are no scientific studies to support this, a lot of people believe that shark fins are good for health.

5. Sharks may disappear one day ___ we do not do something to stop the sale of shark fins.

(2) Retell the passage according to the words below.

shark’s fin soup,            in southern China

each time      cut off    no longer     not only…but also…        

at the top   drop           be endangered        the strongest         around 70 million   fallen by over 90 percent   WildAid and the WWF   develop laws   scientific studies

VI. Language points

1. A shark can no longer swim and slowly dies. 鲨鱼不能再游泳然后慢慢死掉。

no longer意思是“不再”

e.g. I’m no longer a student. 我不再是个学生了。

有两个短语和no longer同义，即not…any longer和not…any more，但他们侧重的方面不同。

no longer和not…any longer侧重时间。

e.g. He no longer lives here.= He doesn’t live here any longer.

   他不在这儿居住了。(一个时间以前他住在这儿，过了这个时间，他就离开了。)

not…any more侧重侧重程度和数量

e.g. You can drink no more. = You can’t drink any more.

     你不能再喝了。(喝酒的量到了一定程度，不能再继续下去了。)

2. This method is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment.

  这种方法不但残忍而且对环境有害。

not only…but also…

用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其意为“不仅……而且……”; 其中的also有时可以省略。

e.g. 1) She not only plays well, but also writes music.

       她不仅很会演奏，而且还会作曲。

     2) Not only men but also women were chosen.

       不仅仅是男的，女的也有被选中的。

若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。

e.g. Not only you but also he has to leave. 不只是你，他也得离开。

not only放在句首，后接句子时要用倒装结构。

e.g. Not only had the poor man been fined, but also he had been sent to prison.

     这个可怜的人不仅被罚款，而且还被送进了监狱。

be harmful to  对… 有害

e.g. Smoking is harmful to the health. 吸烟有损健康。

     Playing computer games much is harmful to students.

     电脑游戏玩太多对学生有害。

3. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem.

  鲨鱼位于海洋生物系统食物链的顶部。

at the top of 在...最高地位; 用最高[最大]的(速度, 声音等)

e.g. I looked at the top of his head, his hair shiny and parted smoothly.

     我看他的头顶, 头发光亮, 分得平滑。

     He shouted at the top of his voice in order that he might be heard.

     他尽力大声叫喊, 以便别人能听见。

4. If their numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life.

  如果它们的数目降至过低，会给所有海洋生物带来危险。

此句复数形式的number表达全海洋中鲨鱼的总量。当表示数值的高或低时，number要用high或low修饰。

e.g. In that country, the number of children going to school is higher in cities than in towns and village.

在那个国家，城市儿童入学人数比乡镇及农村要高。

常与number搭配的动词有grow, fall等。

e.g. The number of families that own cars has been growing quickly recently.

     近来拥有轿车的家庭数量增长很快。

5. Environment protection groups around the world, such as WildAid and the WWF, are teaching the public about “finning”.

  世界各地的环境保护组织，如野生救援协会和世界自然基金会，都在教育公众有关“猎翅”的行为。

1) 句中fin本为名词，指 “鱼鳍”。此句中的finning由动词化的fin（割鲨鱼鳍以获取鱼翅）的-ing形式转化而成，指课文中所陈述的 “猎翅”这一行为。

2) WildAid和WWF组织

WildAid（美国野生救援协会）是保护野生动物及栖息地环境的一个非盈利性的机构，1999年注册成立，其宗旨是保护及救助世界范围内的野生动物；WWF（世界自然基金会）英文全称为World Wide Fund for Nature，成立于1961年，是享有国际盛誉，全球最大的独立性非政府环境保护组织之一。

VII. Homework

Write 5 measures to protect the environment.

Period 3

Section A 3 (Grammar Focus-4c)

【Teaching Procedures】

I. Revision

1. Check if you know these phrases.

① 不同种类的污染            ② 河底

③ 把垃圾扔到河里            ④ 在…中起作用

⑤ 在中国南部                ⑥ 对……有害

⑦ 在……顶部                ⑧ 海洋生态系统

2. Translate these sentences into English.

① 甚至是河底都满是垃圾。

② 这个方法不仅残酷还对环境有害。

③ 鲨鱼处于海洋食物链的顶部。

④ 许多人相信鱼翅对健康有好处。

II. Grammar Focus

Pay attention to the sentences.

1) We’re trying to save the earth.

2) The river used to be so clean.

3) The air is badly polluted.

4) No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health.

5) We should help save the sharks.

1. 现在进行时: Present Progressive

定义：表示说话时（瞬间）正在进行的动作，也表示目前或现阶段一直进行的动作。

结构:  be (am/is/ are) + v.-ing

标志词：Look, Listen, now, right now…

e.g. Look! The boy is crying.

2. used to do与be used to doing

used to do sth. 表示过去常常做某事, 而现在往往不做了, 后接动词原形。

be used to doing sth.  表示习惯于做某事。

e.g. I used to get up at six o’clock.

   Joe is used to drinking a cup of coffee every morning.

3. 被动语态：Passive voice

定义：表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象的一种语态。

结构：be + 过去分词

e.g. A new school was built last year.

     Our classroom is cleaned every day.

4. 现在完成时:  Present Perfect

定义：表示动作已经完成, 但对现在造成影响; 或者表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能持续下去的动作。

结构:  has/have + 过去分词

标志词：already, yet, ever, never, since, for…

e.g. I haven’t finished my homework yet.

5. 情态动词

1) 情态动词本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气，但不能单独作谓语，只能与其他动词构成谓语。常见的有：can (could), may (might), must, need, shall (should), will (would)等。

2) 情态动词无人称和数的变化, 后接动词原形。否定式是在情态动词后面加not。个别情态动词有过去式形式, 可用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气。

    e.g. Ken can climb up the tress like a koala.

       Tracy could ride a bicycle when she was five years old.

       You mustn’t play with fire. It is dangerous.

III. Practice

1. Work on 4a. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.

   Joe: _____ you ever ______ (take) part in an environmental project ?

Eric: Yes, I have. I ______ (help) with a Clean-Up Day last year. It was _________ (consider) the biggest clean-up project this city ____ ever

        ____ (have).

   Joe: How many people ____ (take) part?

Eric: I _______ (think) more than 1,000 people ______ (come) to help out.

Joe: That’s fantastic! I guess everyone in this city is ______ (try) to improve the environment.

Eric: Yes, we can’t afford to ____ (wait) any longer to take action!

   Learn some new words and expressions.

2. Work on 4b. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate modal verbs from the box. The words are:

can,   would,   could,   have to,  should,   must,   may/might

People __________ think that big things ______ be done to save the earth. Many forget that saving the earth begins with small things. For example, you ____ save electricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room. You ______ also use reusable bags instead of plastic bags. I think it’s a great idea that you now ______ pay for plastic bags in some stores. And instead of driving to school or work, you __________ ride your bike or walk. If it’s far, you __________ take the bus. All these small things ______ add up and become big things that ______ improve the environment. Let’s take action now!

Learn some new words and expressions.

3. Work on 4c. Make a list of things that people can do to help the environment and discuss your list with your partner.

   use public transportation (n.交通运输);

turn off the lights when you leave a room;

use reusable bags instead of plastic bags;

ride your bike or walk to school or work;

stop using paper napkins;

recycle books and paper

…

4. Discussion.

A: I think that everyone should use public transportation.

B: I disagree. It’s difficult for parents with young children to use public transportation…

IV. Language points

1. We can’t afford to wait any longer to take action!

  afford   v. 承担得起；提供, 给予

  afford to do sth. (常与can, be ble to连用) 买得起；有足够的……

e.g. We can’t afford to pay such a price.  我们付不起这个价钱。

      Dancing affords us pleasure.  跳舞给我们带来快乐。

2. …save electricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room.

  turning off   关掉

  e.g. Please turn the television off before you go to bed.  

睡觉前请关掉电视。

拓展：turn相关短语

turn around  转身

turn up      调高（音量）

turn down   调低；拒绝

turn into     变成；进入

turn on      打开，发动

turn off       关掉，关闭

turn out to be  结果是

turn over      移交

V. Homework

Finish the exercises in the workbook.