初中英语中考复习 考点17 非谓语动词-备战2021年中考英语考点一遍过 (解析版)
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这是一份初中英语中考复习 考点17 非谓语动词-备战2021年中考英语考点一遍过 (解析版),共15页。试卷主要包含了 动词不定式;, 动名词;, 分词等内容,欢迎下载使用。
考点17 非谓语动词 命题趋势: 非谓语动词是历年中考必考知识点。从考查形式看,一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2~4分。从命题意图看,侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用非谓语动词的能力。中考考查重点: 1. 动词不定式;2. 动名词;3. 分词(现在分词和过去分词)。 非谓语动词指不能单独作谓语,但同时仍保留动词某些特征的动词形式。非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。 构成:to + 动词原形 动词不定式 作用:作除谓语外的任何成分 构成:v-.ing/v.-ed(规则动词)动词的非谓语形式 分词 作用:表、定、状、补 构成:v.-ing 动名词 作用:主、宾、表、定考向一:不定式1. 动词不定式的作用句子成分用法例句作主语谓语动词用单数形式,为避免"头重脚轻"常用it作形式主语。常用句型有:①It is +adj.+for/of sb.+(not)to do sth.意为"做某事对某人来说是……"。②It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.意为"做某事花费某人多长时间"To master a language is not easy=It is not easy to master a language.学好一门语言是不容易的。作宾语常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:would like, want, like,hope, wish, plan,decide,learn, agree, try, remember, forget, expect, refuse,afford, prefer, continue, promise, begin, start 等think,find,believe等动词可用于"动词+it+adj.+to do sth."句型中。it作形式宾语,而真正的宾语是后面的不定式。I would like to make friends with you.我想要和你交朋友。I find it difficult to pass my math exam.我发现要通过数学考试很难。作定语动词不定式放在名词、代词后作定语,两者之间常有逻辑上的动宾关系,因此,如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,后面应该加上相应的介词。常接不定式作定语的名词有:time, need, way, chance, opportunity, courage, reason, effort, determination, decision ,ability, ambition Can you give me a pen to write with?能给我一只用于书写的笔吗?Do you have something to say?你有什么要说的吗?作状语不定式常可用作状语,修饰动词,表示行为的目的、结果和原因。To do a good job,we must have the right tools. 要干好活工具要对头。作表语放在系动词后作表语。My dream is to be an engineer.我想成为一名工程师。2. 不定式的特殊用法 ①使役动词和感官动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语,须省略to。此类动词有:一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, make, have)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)、五帮(help)。变为被动语态时,省略的to则要加上。②动词不定式的否定形式是not to do,其被动形式为to be done。►Our teacher asked us not to swim in the river alone. 我们老师要求我们不要独自一人在河里游泳。 ③常接"疑问词+带to的不定式"的动词有teach, show, tell, learn, find out, decide, know, forget等。►My mother taught me how to cook yesterday. 昨天我妈妈教我如何做饭。考向二:动名词(一)动名词的构成动名词是由"动词+-ing"构成,和现在分词形式一样,兼有动词和名词的特点。(二)动名词作用句子成分用法例句作主语单个动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数形式,常用的句型结构有:It is no use(good)+v.ing.Seeing is believing.眼见为实。It is no use arguing again.再去争吵也没有用。作表语放在系动词后面作表语Her job is looking after the children.她的工作是照顾这些小孩子。作宾语用动名词作宾语,不能用不定式作宾语的词有:avoid, finish, consider, give up, cannot help, allow, imagine, include, keep, mind, practice, suggest,succeed in, be used to do, look forward to, enjoy, be busyNo matter what happened, I won’t give up achieving my dream.不管发生了什么事情,我都不会放弃去实现我的梦想。作定语用于名词前,起修饰说明作用There is a swimming pool in her home.她家有个游泳池。(三)动名词的特殊用法 即可接动词不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词有: love, like, hate, prefer, dislike, begin, start, continue, intend, attempt, can’t bear, propose, want, need, remember, forget, regret, neglect, try, deserve, can’t afford等动词。有时两者之间的意义差别不大,但remember, regret, want, try等词后差别比较明显。考向三:分词(一)现在分词和过去分词的构成 现在分词由v.+ing构成,过去分词v.+ed(规则动词)构成。(二)分词的用法句子成分用法例句作定语现在分词表示正在进行,有主动的含义,过去分词表示已经完成,有被动的含义。The crying boy annoyed us a lot.那个哭泣的男孩使我们很烦恼。作表语放在系动词后作表语The story is interesting.I am interested in it. 这个故事很有趣,我对它很感兴趣。作宾语补足语用于补充说明宾语的动作和状态He could hear his heart beating fast. 他可以听见自己的心脏跳得很快。作状语通常表示主语正在进行的另一动作,来对主语的主要动作加以修饰。I got home, feeling very tired. 我疲惫地回到家里。非谓语动词解题七大原则原则一:用作目的状语,原则上要用不定式。原则二:用作伴随状语,原则上要用-ing。原则三:用作结果状语时,可用-ing或不定式,其区别是,一般用-ing,表示一定逻辑的结果,即结果在意料之中。不定式作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果,即结果在意料之外。原则四:凡是含有被动意义时,原则上要用过去分词。但是,如果所涉及的动作尚未发生,则用不定式的被动式;如果所涉及的动作正在进行,则用-ing的被动式。原则五:非谓语动词作状语时,其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致。原则六:强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时,原则上要用完成式(根据情况可用不定式的完成式或-ing的完成式)。原则七:用于名词后作定语时:用不定式,表示动作尚未发生;用-ing,表示动作正在进行;用过去分词,表示动作被动、完成。【巧学妙记】后跟to do作宾语的动词(词组)(1)想要,拒绝,忘记 (want/would like, refuse, forget)(2)需要,努力,学习 (need, try, learn)(3)喜欢,同意,帮助 (like, agree, help)(4)希望,决定,开始 (hope/wish, decide, begin/start) 【巧学妙记】巧记后跟动名词作宾语的动词喜欢(enjoy)不断(keep)提建议(suggest)盼望(look forward to)习惯(be used to)却完毕(finish)想要(feel like)花费(spend)去练习(practice)忍俊不禁(can’t help)还介意(mind)I. 适当形式填空(单句适当形式) 1.How about________ (have) a party next Sunday. 2.Dad often ask me ________ (not play) on the road. 3.I don’t know how ________ (express) my exciting feelings.4.Mr, Green was so angry that he couldn’t help ________ (shout) at his wife. 5.We should avoid ________ (disturb) others. 6.He was made ________ (wash) the car himself. 7.We must take strong measure ________ (protect)our environment. 8.I happened ________ (meet) one of my friends in the street yesterday. 9.There’s no need ________ (leave) right now.10.It ‘s our duty________ (protect) our planet.11.I’m sorry________ (disturb) you.12.Can you teach me how ________ (surf)?13.He promised________ (follow) the good suggestions.14.If you have a chance________ (study) here,you will learn more knowledge.15.Learn the new while ________ (review) the old.【答案】1.having 2.not to play 3.to express 4.shouting 5.disturbing 6.to wash 7.to protect 8.to meet 9.to leave 10.to protect 11.to disturb 12.to surf 13.following 14.to study 15.reviewingII. 单项选择。1. __________ since the night before, I felt very hungry.A. Having not eaten anything B. Not eating anything C. I hadn't eaten anything D. Not having eaten anything2.We then listened to the child ________ the article ______ on the blackboard.A. read, writing B. reading, writing C. to read, written D. read, written3.________ it with me and I'll see what I can do.A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave4._________ such a chance, why don't you have a try?A. To give B. Having C. Given D. Giving5.Five people were reported ________ in the accident.A. to be killed B. to kill C. killed D. to have been killed6._________ is bad for his health.A. Mike smoking B. Mike's smoking C. Mike's being smoking D. Mike smokes【答案】1-6 DDCDBC 1. 【2020 •贵州省安顺市】With the improvement in transportation, students in some small villages no longer go on ropeways ______ rivers to schools.A. to cross B. crossing C. crossed【答案】A【解析】句意:随着交通的改善,一些小村庄的学生不再走索道过河上学。考查非谓语动词。to cross动词不定式形式;crossing动名词形式;crossed动词过去分词形式。根据空前的go on ropeways结合选项动词cross可知,此处是动词不定式表目的状语,走索道过河上学go on ropeways to cross rivers to schools符合句意。故选A。2. 【2020 •贵州铜仁市】—Look! Kangkang, that old man is crossing the crosswalk.—Jane, let’s________ him.A. helps B. to help C. helping D. help【答案】D【解析】句意:——康康快看! 那个老人正在过马路。——简,让我们去帮他。考查非谓语动词。helps帮助,第三人称单数;to help不定式;helping动名词;help动词原形。根据“让某人做某事let sb do sth.”,故选D。3.【2020 •黑龙江省龙东地区】We should do what we can ________ those people when they are in trouble.A. to help B. helped C. help【答案】A【解析】句意:当人们有困难的时候,我们应该尽我们所能去帮助他们。考查非谓语动词。to help动词不定式;helped动词的过去式或过去分词;help动词原形。根据题干可知此处用do what one can to do sth.表示“竭尽全力做某事”,此处用动词不定式to help作目的状语。故选A。
4. 【2020 •江苏省苏州市】The doctors and nurses managed _________ the lives of patients, though they didn’t have enough medicine.A. save B. saving C. to save D. to saving【答案】C【解析】句意:尽管医生和护士没有足够的药,他们还是设法挽救了病人的生命。考查非谓语动词。save挽救。save动词原形;saving动名词或动词的现在分词;to save动词不定式;to saving介词to+动名词。根据题干中“managed”可知此处用manage to do sth.表示“设法做成某事”,用不定式to save作宾语。故选C。5. 【2020 •四川省成都市】—Why do many farmers put their products online these days?—________them more easily.A. To sell B. Sell C. Selling【答案】A【解析】句意:——为什么现在很多农民把他们的产品放到网上?——为了更方便的卖。考查非谓语动词。To sell动词不定式;Sell动词原形;Selling动名词/现在分词形式。分析句意可知,前文询问原因,所以此处表示“为了更方便的卖”,可用动词不定式表目的。故选A。6. 【2020 •四川达州市】Our government tries to do everything they can _________ people live a better life.A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped【答案】A【解析】句意:我们的政府试着尽力帮助人们过上更好的生活。考查非谓语动词。A. to help动词不定式;B. help动词原形;C. helping动名词或现在分词;D. helped过去式或过去分词。根据句子结构可知,Our government tries to do everything (they can) _________ people live a better life中they can做后置定语修饰everything,不影响空格处动词help的形式,故空格处应填入动词不定式作目的状语,故选A。7. 【2020 •四川达州市】— Clara, you have ______ Journey to the West for two weeks.— Sorry, I wanted to give it back but was made _________ Dazhou on business last week.A. borrowed; to leave B. kept; to leave C. kept; leave D. borrowed; leave【答案】B【解析】句意:——克拉拉,《西游记》这本书你已经借了两个星期了。——对不起,我想把它还给你,但上周我被迫离开达州去出差了 。考查动词辨析和非谓语动词。borrow借入,瞬间性动作,keep保存,保留,持续性动作。由时间段for two weeks“两周”,可知用持续性动词,keep的过去分词为kept,故排除A和D。动词短语make sb. do sth.接不带to的不定式做宾补,变为被动语态是要加上to,即be made to do,所以第二个空用to leave,故选B。8. 【2020 •甘孜州】He felt tired, so he stopped _____________ a rest under the tree.A. having B. have C. to have【答案】C【解析】句意:他感到累了,所以他停下来在树下休息。考查非谓语动词。stop doing sth.停止做某事;stop to do sth.停下来去做某事。根据题干中“He felt tired”可知是停下来去休息,用to have符合题意。故选C。9. 【2020 •甘孜州】The singer was often seen to practice ____________ songs near the woods three years ago.A. sing B. singing C. to sing【答案】B【解析】句意:三年前这个歌手经常被看到在树林附近练习唱歌。考查动名词。sing动词原形;singing动名词;to sing动词不定式。此处表达“练习做某事”用practice doing,此处用动名词singing作宾语。故选B。10. 【2020 •重庆市】They hope ________the basketball match.A. win B. won C. to win D. winning【答案】C【解析】句意:他们希望赢这场篮球比赛。考查非谓语动词。win赢,动词原形;won是win的过去式或过去分词形式;to win动词不定式;winning动名词或现在分词形式。句中谓语动词是hope,意为“希望”,常用于句型hope to do sth.“希望去做某事”,因此这里应用动词不定式。故选C。11. 【2020 •重庆市B卷】We’d better follow the seven-step hand-washing method __________ healthy.A. to keep B. keep C. keeping D. keeps【答案】A【解析】句意:为了保持健康,我们最好遵循七步洗手法。考查非谓语动词。to keep动词不定式;keep动词原形;keeping动名词;keeps动词三单。分析句子可知,此处表示目的,用于句中作目的状语,所以使用动词不定式形式。故选A。12.【2020 •广西北部湾经济区】Now the Chinese government has made laws ________ wild animals.A. protect B. protects C. to protect D. protected【答案】C【解析】句意:现在中国政府为了保护野生动物已经制定了法律。本题考查非谓语动词。protect是动词原形,protects是一般现在时,to protect是动词不定式,protected是过去分词。结合句意,中国政府制定法律的目的是保护野生动物,因此用动词不定式,故选C。13.【2020 •青海省】A CCTV news reporter will come to interview Wang Lin tomorrow Please tell her ________.A. not to be late B. not to come C. to watch TV【答案】A【解析】句意:中央电视台新闻记者明天要来采访王琳,请告诉她不要迟到。考查非谓语动词。not to be late不要迟到;not to come不要来;to watch TV看电视。tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人(不要)做某事。根据题干中“A CCTV news reporter will come to interview Wang Lin tomorrow”可知中央电视台新闻记者明天要来采访王琳,应该告诉她"不要迟到",用not to be late符合题意。故选A。14.【2020 •青岛市】Teachers expect all their students ________ progress day by day.A. to make B. make C. to take D. take【答案】A【解析】句意:老师们希望所有的学生天天进步。考查非谓语动词和动词短语辨析。to make获得,动词不定式;make获得,动词原形;to take拿走,动词不定式;take拿走,动词原形。固定搭配:expect sb to do sth“希望某人做某事”,动词不定式作宾语补足语;make progress“取得进步”,所以空格处填to make。故选A。15.【2020 •云南省】Wang Lei is looking forward to ________ the best high school in September.A. refusing B. playing C. reading D. entering【答案】D【解析】句意:王磊期待着9月份进入最好的高中。考查非谓语动词。A. refusing拒绝;B. playing玩耍;C. reading阅读;D. entering进入。根据句意可知,王磊期待着9月份进入最好的高中。D选项符合句意,且位于look forward to doing结构中,故选D。16.【2020 •福建省】The twin brothers are busy ________ artworks from ocean waste.A.making B.make C.to make【答案】A【解析】句意:双胞胎兄弟忙于用海洋废物做艺术作品。考查动名词。making动名词;make动词原形;to make动词不定式。此处表示“忙于做某事”用be busy in doing,in 可以省略,此处用动名词making。故选A。17.【2020 •上海市】The engineers will keep________the project with the manager of the company.A.discuss B.discussed C.discussing D.to discuss【答案】C【解析】句意:工程师们将继续与公司经理讨论这个项目。考查非谓语动词。discuss原形;discussed一般过去式、过去分词;discussing动名词、现在分词;to discuss不定式;keep doing sth 继续做某事,可知此处填动名词;故选C。18.【2020 •上海市】Doctors tell us________our hands before and after every meal.A.wash B.washed C.washing D.to wash【答案】D【解析】句意:医生告诉我们饭前饭后要洗手.考查动词非谓语的用法。根据句型tell sb to do sth告诉某人做某事,可知不定式to do做宾补。故选D。19. 【2020 •四川攀枝花】The doctor warns Jack _____________stop _____________because it is bad for his health.A.to; smoking B.not; to smoke C.to; to smoke D.not to; smoking【答案】A【解析】句意:医生告诫杰克要戒烟,因为这对他的健康有害。考查非谓语动词。smoking动名词;to smoke动词不定式。第一空是固定用法warn sb. to do sth.,意为“告诫某人做某事”,动词不定式作宾语补足语,根据语境,可知是“要戒烟”,排除BD;第二空根据固定搭配stop doing sth.,意为“停止做某事”,动名词作宾语,若是stop to do sth.,动词不定式作宾语,则意为“停下来去做某事”,根据语境,可知是“停止吸烟”,故选A。20.【2020 •四川省遂宁市】It’s important for us________a healthy lifestyle.A.to keep B.keep C.keeping D.kept【答案】A【解析】句意:保持健康的生活方式对我们来说很重要。考查非谓语动词。to keep动词不定式;keep动词原形;keeping动名词/现在分词;kept动词过去式。固定句式:it’s+形容词+for sb+to do sth“对某人来说做某事是……”,句中it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语,所以空格处填to keep。故选A。21.【2020 •海南省】Frank and his friends had great fun _________volleyball on the beach yesterday.A. play B. playing C. to play【答案】B【解析】句意:弗兰克和他的朋友昨天在沙滩上打排球玩得很开心。考查非谓语动词。play玩,动词原形;playing动词的ing形式;to play动词不定式。句中have great fun doing sth做某事玩得很高兴,其后应接动词的ing形式playing。故选B。22.【2020 •黑龙江绥化】My teacher encouraged me __________ English as much as possible.A. to speak B. speak C. speaking【答案】A【解析】句意:我的老师鼓励我尽量多说英语。考查非谓语动词。A. to speak动词不定式;B. speak动词原形;C. speaking现在分词或动名词。encourage sb. to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“鼓励某人做某事”,符合句意,故选A。23.【2020 •镇江市】A lot of museums in China are worth___________. If you have time, you can choose to go.A. visited B. visiting C. to visit D. visit【答案】B【解析】句意:中国的很多博物馆值得参观。如果你有时间,你可以选择去。考查动名词。visited动词的过去式;visiting动名词;to visit动词不定式;visit动词原形。此处用be worth doing表示“值得做某事”,此处用动名词visiting。故选B。24.【2020 •南通市】They offered courses_________ students know the importance of protecting the Huanghe River.A. help B. helped C. helps D. to help【答案】D【解析】句意:他们开设课程来帮助学生了解保护黄河的重要性。考查非谓语动词。help是动词原形;helped是过去式;helps第三人称单数形式;to help是动词不定式。结合句意,他们开设课程,是为了帮助学生了解保护黄河的重要性,表示目的,用动词不定式作目的状语,故选D。25.【2020 •盐城市】The Birdwatching Society goes to Zhalong Nature Reserve the birds every year.A. to count B. counting C. count D. counts【答案】A【解析】句意:观鸟协会每年都去扎龙自然保护区统计鸟类数量。考查非谓语动词。to count动词不定式形式;counting动名词或现在分词形式;count数数,计算总数,动词原形;counts是动词的第三人称单数形式。根据句子结构可知,该空在句中作目的状语,表示“去扎龙自然保护区”的目的,应用动词不定式。故选A。26.【2020•湖北省恩施州】My sister has gone to work in Beijing, not for money, but ________ herself.A.improve B.improved C.to improve【答案】C【解析】句意:我姐姐去北京工作,不是为了钱,而是为了提高自己。本题考查非谓语动词。improve是动词原形;improved是过去分词;to improve是动词不定式。根据not for money可知,此处表示目的,因此用动词不定式,故选C。27.【2020•湖北省黄石市】He spent two hours ________ his mother with housework last Sunday.A.helping B.helped C.to help D.help【答案】A【解析】句意:上星期天他花了两个小时时间帮妈妈做家务。考查非谓语动词。A. helping动名词或现在分词;B. helped过去式;C. to help动词不定式;D. help动词原形。根据英语表达习惯,spend time (in) doing sth.为固定搭配,意为“花费时间做某事”,故help应用动名词形式,故选A。28.【2020•长沙市】We are glad ________ that traditional Chinese medicine can work wonders in preventing some diseases.A. know B. to know C. knowing【答案】B【解析】句意:我们很高兴地知道,中医在预防某些疾病方面可以发挥奇效。考查非谓语动词。know知道。know动词原形;to know动词不定式;knowing动名词或动词的现在分词。结合选项可知句子是说“很高兴知道……”,作表语的形容词glad后接动词不定式作原因状语。故选B。29. 【2020•益阳市】Diana used to _________ to work, but now she is used to ________ because the road is crowded and she wants to keep fit.A. drive; walk B. drive; walking C. driving; walk【答案】B【解析】句意:戴安娜过去常常开车去上班,但现在她习惯步行,因为道路很拥挤,且她想保持健康。
考查非谓语动词。drive开车,驾驶;walk步行。根据第一空前“used to”可知此处用used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”,第一空用动词原形drive;根据第二空前“is used to”可知此处用be used to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”,第二空用动名词walking。故选B。30.【2020•怀化市】—A lot of old people are lonely. What can we do to help them?—I want ______ the old people's home to talk to them.A. visit B. to visit C. visiting【答案】B【解析】句意:——很多老人都很孤独。我们能做些什么来帮助他们?——我想去老人之家和他们聊聊。考查非谓语。visit参观,动词原形;to visit参观,动词不定式;visiting参观,现在分词或动名词形式;根据句意理解可知,这里表达的是“想要做某事”,英语是want to do sth.,是用不定式作宾语,所以这里应该用to visit,故选B。31.【2020• 内蒙古包头市】______ the project as planned, they need to work two more hours a day.A.To finish B.Finishing C.Finish D.To be finished【答案】A【解析】句意:为了按计划完成这个项目,他们需要每天多工作两个小时。考查非谓语动词。To finish动词不定式;Finishing动名词或现在分词形式;Finish完成,动词原形;To be finished动词不定式的被动形式。根据句子结构可知,该空表示目的“为了……”,应用动词不定式作目的状语;主语they与动词finish是主动关系,应用动词不定式的主动形式。故选A。1. 【2020• 福建省泉州市二模】The doctor did what he could ________ the girl who was badly injured in the accident.A. save B. saving C. to save【答案】C【解析】句意:医生尽他所能去救在事故中受伤的女孩。考查非谓语。save挽救,动词原形;saving挽救,现在分词或动名词;to save挽救,动词不定式;根据句意理解可知,这里表达的是“为了挽救”,表达的是目的,英语中不定式可以作目的状语,故选C。2. 【2020•黑龙江省哈尔滨市松北区一模】Tim is a helpful student in our class. He always helps the students in trouble, ________ himself popular among our teacher and classmates.A. make B. made C. making【答案】C【解析】句意:蒂姆是我们班上喜欢帮助别人的学生,他总是帮助有困难的学生,这使得他在我们老师和同学中受欢迎。考查现在分词。make动词原形;made动词的过去式;making动词的现在分词。“himself popular among our teacher and classmates”这部分是结果状语,表示由前面得出的意料之内、情理之中的结果,用现在分词making。故选C。3. 【2020•黑龙江省哈尔滨市松北区二模】Two sessions 2020 (两会) has said, "Life is invaluable(无价的). This is a price we must pay, and a price that is worth________.A. to pay B. paying C. paid【答案】B【解析】 句意:2020年两会曾说:“生命是无价的。这是我们必须付出的代价,也是值得付出的代价。”考查非谓语动词辨析。to pay付出,支付,动词不定式;paying动名词或现在分词形式;paid是pay的过去式或过去分词形式。根据句意可知,这句话中使用了句型be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”,因此这里应用动名词形式。故选B。4.【2020•湖南省长沙市青竹湖湘一外国语三模】My mom always tells me: when things are a disappointment, ________ be so discouraged. (气馁的)A. trying not to B. to try not to C. try not to【答案】C【解析】句意:我妈妈总是告诉我:当事情令人失望的时候,不要那么气馁。本题考查非谓语动词。trying not to是动名词或现在分词;to try not to是动词不定式;try not to是动词原形。when things are a disappointment是when引导的一个时间状语从句,与主句连用,动词原形开头的是祈使句,故选C。5. 【2020•山东省济南市槐荫区二模】— Did you have a good weekend? —Yes. I went to the countryside _________my grandparents.A. see B. saw C. seeing D. to see【答案】D【解析】句意:——你周末过得愉快吗?——是的。我去乡下看望我的祖父母。考查动词不定式作目的状语。see动词原形;saw动词过去式;seeing动名词;to see动词不定式。本句谓语动词是“went to the countryside”,后面跟非谓语动词,see和saw是谓语动词,故排除A和B;根据句意可知看望祖父母是去乡下的目的,用动词不定式作目的状语,故选D。6. 【2020•四川省乐山市峨眉山市二模】Mr Wang is good at cooking and has decided________ his own restaurant.A. open B. to open C. opening【答案】B【解析】句意:王先生擅长烹饪,已决定开自己的餐馆。考查动词不定式。“decide to do sth.”表示决定做某事,此处用动词不定式作宾语。故选B。7. 【2020•四川省泸州市泸县二模】Our teacher always tells us ________in the river because it’s very dangerous.A. don’t play B. don’t to play C. not to play D. not play【答案】C【解析】句意:我们的老师总是告诉我们不要在河里玩,因为那很危险。考查非谓语动词。tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事,其否定形式是:tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人不做某事。根据“Our teacher always tells us ... in the river because it’s very dangerous.”可知,空格处表示“不要(在河里)玩”。故选C。8. 【2020•天津市红桥区中考三模】 Miss Zhang always offers________ me with my English after class.A. helping B. helped C. to help D. help【答案】C【解析】句意:张老师总是在课后主动提出帮助我学习英语。考查动词不定式。 Helping动名词或现在分词; helped过去式或过去分词;to help动词不定式;help动词原形。根据动词短语offer to do sth提出做某事,结合句意可知,此空是“帮助”的意思,应填to help,故选C。9. 【2020•江苏省徐州市六区县中考二模】 My mother usually eats a little for supper________. She looks slimmer than before.A. to save money B. saving money C. to lose weight D. losing weight【答案】C【解析】句意:为了减肥我妈妈晚饭通常只吃一点儿东西。她看起来比以前苗条了。考查非谓语动词、动词短语。to save money为了省钱;saving money省钱;to lose weight为了减肥;losing weight减肥;判断空格填不定式当句子的目的状语,所以排除B、D;根据“She looks slimmer than before”她看起来比以前苗条了,可知空格指为了减肥,所以排除A;故选C。10. 【2020•贵州省铜仁市中考一模】—To keep the students safe on their way to school, we have taken more action.— That sounds great. We should do what we can __________ the school bus accident.A. to prevent B. prevent C. to preventing D. preventing【答案】A【解析】句意:——为了保证学生在上学途中的安全,我们采取了更多的行动。——这听起来太棒了。我们应该尽我们所能防止校车事故的发生。分析句子结构可知what we can作do的宾语,后面应为动词不定式to prevent the school bus accident作目的状语,结合选项,可知A选项符合题意,故答案选A。
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