初中英语中考复习 秘籍05 非谓语动词-2020年中考英语抢分秘籍（原卷版）

秘笈05 非谓语动词

考点 1 非谓语动词

非谓语动词是历年中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用非谓语动词的能力。

中考考查重点：

    1. 动词不定式；

2. 动名词；

3. 分词（现在分词和过去分词）。

    非谓语动词指不能单独作谓语，但同时仍保留动词某些特征的动词形式。非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。

                                             构成：to + 动词原形

                             动词不定式

                                            作用：作除谓语外的任何成分

                                      构成：v-.ing/v.-ed(规则动词)

动词的非谓语形式           分词

                                      作用：表、定、状、补

                                        构成：v.-ing

                              动名词

                                        作用：主、宾、表、定

考向1 不定式

1. 动词不定式的作用

2. 不定式的特殊用法

    ①使役动词和感官动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语，须省略to。此类动词有：一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, make, have)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)、五帮(help)。变为被动语态时，省略的to则要加上。

②动词不定式的否定形式是not to do，其被动形式为to be done。

►Our teacher asked us not to swim in the river alone. 我们老师要求我们不要独自一人在河里游泳。

   ③常接＂疑问词+带to的不定式＂的动词有teach, show, tell, learn, find out, decide, know, forget等。

►My mother taught me how to cook yesterday. 昨天我妈妈教我如何做饭。

考向2 动名词

（一）动名词的构成

动名词是由＂动词+-ing＂构成，和现在分词形式一样，兼有动词和名词的特点。

（二）动名词作用

（三）动名词的特殊用法

      即可接动词不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词有： love, like, hate, prefer, dislike, begin, start, continue, intend, attempt, can’t bear, propose, want, need, remember, forget, regret, neglect, try, deserve, can’t afford等动词。有时两者之间的意义差别不大，但remember, regret, want, try等词后差别比较明显。

考向3 分词

（一）现在分词和过去分词的构成

      现在分词由v.+ing构成，过去分词v.+ed(规则动词)构成。

（二）分词的用法

非谓语动词解题七大原则

原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式。

原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing。

原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其区别是，一般用-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。不定式作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。

原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动式。

原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致。

原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式（根据情况可用不定式的完成式或-ing的完成式）。

原则七：用于名词后作定语时：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生；用-ing，表示动作正在进行；用过去分词，表示动作被动、完成。

1．【2020·哈尔滨市松雷中学校初三】 More highways have been built in China, _____ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.

A．making            B．made            C．to make            D．having made

2.【2019·安徽师范大学教育集团初三】Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, _____ the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni from home and abroad.

A．Attend             B．To attend         C．Attending          D．Having attended

3.【2019·江苏省初三月考】_____ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.

A．Losing             B．Having lost       C．Lost              D．To lose

4.【2018·江苏省泰州中学附属初中初三月考】Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to _____ a good researcher.

A．make              B．Turn             C．get               D．grow

5.【2019·江苏省泰州中学附属初中初三月考】 In 1938, Pearl S. Buck became the first American woman _____ the Nobel Prize for Literature.

A．winning            B．Win             C．won              D．to win

6.【2019·沭阳县潼阳中学初二月考】The island, _____ to the mainland by a new bridge, is much easier to visit.

A．joining             B．having joined     C．joined             D．to join

7．【2019·江苏省淮阴中学开明分校初三期末】Jack wasn’t appointed chairman of the committee, _____ not very popular with all its members.

A．to be considered      B．considering      C．having considered    D．considered

8．【2019·江苏省泰州中学附属初中初三月考】The girl is so grateful whenever she remembers my brother and me _____ her from the icy water.

A．to have saved         B．to save         C．saving             D．saved

9.【2019·江苏省盐城初三联考】The message is very important, so it is supposed _____ as soon as possible.

A．to be sent            B．to send         C．being sent          D．sending

10.【2019·江西省南昌市初三月考】_____ her before, he didn’t know she was his daughter.

A．Not having seen    

B．Having not seen

C．Not seeing

D．Not to see

11.【2020·合肥市第四十六中学初三】_____ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.

A．Understanding

B．To be understood

C．Being understood

D．Having understood

12．【2019·河南省郑州外国语中学附属初中初三月考】In 2015, China won the bid to host the Winter Olympics, _____ Beijing the first city in the world to host both the Summer and Winter Games.

A．make               B．making         C．to make            D．made

13.【2019·浙江省中考模拟】He looked around and caught a man _____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A．put                 B．to be putting     C．putting            D．to put

1．_____ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.

A．Having freed         B．Freed          C．To free           D．Freeing

2. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _____ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.

A．share               B．to share         C．having shared     D．shared

3. When _____ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.

A．asking              B．Asked          C．having asked      D．to be asked

4. He is rather difficult to make friends with, but his friendship，_____ is more true than any other.

1. once gained
2. when to gain
3. after gaining
4. while gaining

5．Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and _____ to ruins, the city took on a new look.

A．reducing            B．reduced         C．being reduced     D．having reduced

5. Several years ago they found in England a tomb of a man _____ from around 2,300 B．C．

A．dated               B．dating          C．dates            D．to date

6．It didn’t take a long time for the connection between the missing money and our partner’s new car _____.

A．to make             B．to be made      C．making          D．being made

7．--You’ve made great progress in your studies of English, haven’t you?

-- Yes, but much_____.

A．remains to do

B．is remained to do

C．is remained to be done

D．remains to be done

8．Beijing's new international airport _____ into use in 2019 will serve 72 million passengers annually.

A．being put            B．to be put        C．put             D．putting

9．Volunteering gives you a chance _____ lives, including your own.

A．change              B．changing        C．changed         D．to change

10．Ladex does’t feel like _____ abroad.Her parents are old.

A．study               B．studying         C．studied          D．to study

11．I looked up and noticed a snake _____ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.

A．to wind              B．wind           C．winding         D．wound

12．The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _____ for a meal to be cooked.

A．laid                 B．Laying          C．to lay           D．being laid

13．It is said that _____ to classic music may be helpful i n improving teenagers’ taste.

A．exposed              B．exposing        C．being exposed    D．having exposed