初中英语中考复习 秘籍18 书面表达图表类-2021年中考英语抢分秘籍（解析版）

这是一份初中英语中考复习 秘籍18 书面表达图表类-2021年中考英语抢分秘籍（解析版），共11页。
秘笈18 书面表达图表类 考点  书面表达图表类图表作文是中考英语写作中较为常见的题型之一，也是难度较大的一种写作题型。这类作文可综合提供题目、数据、图像、提纲，形式多样，但实际上只涉及5个方面:描述图表、指明寓意、分析原因、联系实际、给出建议，而每次考试只是从这5个方面的内容中选出3个进行考查。从写作类型来看，基本上属于说明文。要求考生围绕题目将有关信息转化为文字形式，考生应该具有一定的数据分析和材料归纳能力，同时会运用一定的写作方法。中考图表类作文一般有以下两种考查方式。【命题形式】图表作文一般要求学生根据所给出的一幅图或几幅图所提供的信息写一篇短文。在命题形式上，除了图的提示外，一般有英文单词提示或中文文字提示。有的文章开头已给出。要求书写的词数一般在80至100之间。【写作技巧】1.审题要清 看清题目要求，读懂画面内容和所陈述的含义，抓住要点，注意文体是什么。如果是故事或日记，宜用过去时态;如果介绍物品之类的，多采用现在时态。2.连句成文 就是把第二步所写的句子，在规定的范围内稍加发挥，适当用上连词把它们串联起来整理成一篇短文。连句成文时应注意文中动词时态的应用，简单句和复合句的交替应用。图表作文所提供的材料是一幅或几幅图。做题时，可遂图列好提纲，并运用所提供的词语。根据图示情景并结合自己的英语水平，尽量扬长避短，避繁化简。遇到一时想不起来的词、句时，可用同义词或同义句代替。按要求逐图写好句子后，认真通读写好的句子，一查所写句子是否准确表达出了所给图画的情景，行文是否流畅;二查有没有遗漏要求，句子的时态、语态是否正确，所写句子是否符合英语的基本语序，即:主语+谓语+宾语+状语(地点、时间等);三查单词的拼写、大小写是否规范，标点符号的运用是否正确，主谓语是否一致。确定无误后，再誊写正稿。 A【2020·广东广州市第二中学九年级开学考试】暑假期间，你和你的同学们以小组为单位参加不同的实践活动。请你根据以下内容提示，为学校的英文网页写一篇短文进行报道，介绍这些社会实践活动及其意义。活动意义去老人院做志愿者帮助老人，学习关爱他人参观广州科学中心提高兴趣，学习科学知识你们小组的活动？意义？注意：1.参考词汇：广州科学中心: Guangzhou Science Center 老人院: Old People’s Home2.词数在 80 词左右（文章开头已给出，不计入总词数）；3.不得透露学校，姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。Students in our school took part in different activities in this summer holiday. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Students in our school took part in different activities in this summer holiday.Some students volunteered to work at the Old People’s Home. They cleaned their rooms, talked with the old people and sang for them as well. The volunteers not only helped the old people, but also learned to care for others. Some students went to Guangzhou Science Center. They were all attracted by the science world. After the visit, the students gained more knowledge about science and became more interested in it. As for our group, we planted trees in our city park. Trees can purify the air and reduce the noise. Therefore, what we did really helps protect the environment. All the above activities are meaningful. It is hoped that everyone can learn something from them.【详解】1. 题干解读：本文属于给材料作文写作，第一段点明写作内容；第二段到第四段具体介绍了各个小组的活动及其意义；最后一段总结全文并提出希望。2. 写作指导：本文主要采用一般过去时介绍学生们在暑假参加的社会实践活动及其意义，第三人称和第一人称切换自如；在具体介绍各个小组的活动及意义时，条理清楚；最后一段对整个活动进行评价且提出希望，结尾简短有力。 B【2020·扬州中学教育集团树人学校九年级其他模拟】当前新冠病毒（novel coronavirus）疫情蔓延全球，令人担忧。但是全体中国人不畏艰难，英勇抗击，已经取得重大成效。请你根据下表中所提供的信息，以 “How to fight against the novel coronavirus”  为题，写一篇文章。症状咳嗽、发烧、传播很快……政府多次召开会议研究……号召戴口罩、勤洗手、常通风……社会积极支持湖北武汉……学生线上学习、征文、传唱抗疫歌曲……感受……(至少两点) 要求：1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；2）必须包括表格中的相关信息，并适当发挥；3）词数：100 词左右；4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。How to fight against the novel coronavirus____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】How to fight against the novel coronavirusThe novel coronavirus epidemic spreads around the world, which is worrying. However, all the Chinese have achieved great results in fighting against it bravely. The symptoms of the new coronavirus are cough, fever and rapid transmission. Our government has held many meetings to find ways. It calls for wearing masks, washing hands and ventilation. People all over China support Wuhan in many different ways. Many volunteers rush to Wuhan to help. Students learn online, collect articles and sing anti epidemic songs.China is a heroic country and there are no difficulties that we can’t overcome. We are proud of our country.【详解】1.题干解读：本文要求根据表中所提供的信息，以 “How to fight against the novel coronavirus”  为题写一篇文章。首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求；再根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作，在写作过程中，要注意句与句、段与段之间的过渡平稳、自然流畅。2.例文点评：本文时态主要为一般现在时。文章紧扣题目要点，内容完整，表述准确，语言的表述符合语法的结构，造句符合英语的表达习惯。3.高分亮点：短语：hold many meetings；call for；washing hands；rush to help；be proud of句型：There be 句型和that引导定语从句：There are no difficulties that we can’t overcome. which引导非限制性定语从句：The novel coronavirus epidemic spreads around the world, which is worrying. C【2020·江西抚州市·临川一中九年级月考】在第45届国际发明展上，太原市外国语学校高二学生王文鹤凭借作品“外骨骼”获得金奖。这一耗时5个多月的发明是一种可穿戴的机器人，可以应用到很多领域。请根据以下表达中的相关信息，写一篇90词左右的短文，向人们介绍这一发明。名称外骨骼 exoskeleton robot材料金属metal外形非常普通功能帮助人们变得更强大；帮助人们节约更多能源应用可以被用于医院，工厂和军队灵感来源来源于游戏中一个人的服装 要求： 1. 短文必须包含所有的要点提示并做适当的发挥；2. 短文必须运用情态动词+be+done的形式；3. 文中不得出现真实的人名，校名及地点。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】  I’d like to introduce Wang Wenhe’s invention, the exoskeleton robot, to all of you. As you can see, the robot is mainly made of metal. It looks very common, but it is very powerful. It can help people become stronger and carry things more easily. It can also help save much more energy. It can be used in hospitals, factories and the army. It took Wang more than five months to invent it. He got the idea from a man’s clothes in a game. He hopes everyone can wear it like the man in the game.【详解】题干解读：文章主要介绍太原市外国语学校高二学生王文鹤的获奖作品“外骨骼”，通过提示介绍它的名称、材料、外形、功能、应用和灵感来源。例文点评：例文主要用一般现在时态，通过它的材料、外形、功能、应用来介绍了这款机器人，以及王文鹤创造这个机器人的灵感是怎么来的，和他发明这个机器人的目的，其中也有一般过去时态，文章还使用一些短语和句型使文章看起来更精彩。高分亮点：短语：be made of由……制成，can be used能被使用句型：It took Wang more than five months to invent it.发明它花了王5个多月的时间。      He hopes everyone can wear it like the man in the game.  hope后面接宾语从句 A某校计划在今年暑期开展社会实践活动。为使同学们更好地了解自己的意向，合理地规划自己的时间，学校对某年级100人进行了抽样调查，下图是相关活动的统计结果。其中，计划参加社区志愿者活动的人数占66%，参加庭院拍卖的人数占10%。请你用两段话写一篇短文，第一段简要说明图表内容，第二段从图表中选出一项你感兴趣的活动项目，制定相应的计划，并说明理由。要求：1. 词数不少于 80 词；2. 首句已给出，不计入总词数；3. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________                                                                                            【答案】A school did a survey among 100 students about their plans for social practice activities during the summer vacation. Here are the results. Sixty-six students want to do community volunteer work. Twenty-four percent are going to learn a life skill. And only one tenth are interested in having a yard sale. In my view, it’s good to do community volunteer work.Doing community volunteer work is one of the best ways to develop my abilities to communicate and cooperate. The community is a lot like a big family of different people. First, I need to make a group of volunteers by talking with the teenagers. Then we’re going to work out different plans based on old people’s needs. We can also organize some outdoor activities for the kids and hand out advertisements to better our environment. They all need us to communicate and work well with others. Now, I’m already looking forward to the coming vacation.【详解】题干解读：题属于看图作文，图表是关于暑期社会实践活动的抽样调查。题目要求我们使用两段话写一篇短文，第一段简要说明图表内容，第二段从图表中选出一项你感兴趣的活动项目，制定相应的计划，并说明理由。例文点评：文主要用一般现在时态，涉及到了多个人称，注意了时态和人称的正确运用。本文写作时语意连贯，逻辑清晰，过渡词自然，而且使用了连接词使文章的表达更有逻辑性和条理性。高分亮点：短语：work out；hand out；look forward to；develop my abilities。句型：Here are the results.（here引导的倒装句）；In my view, it’s good to do community volunteer work.（it’s good to do sth做某事很好）；Now, I’m already looking forward to the coming vacation.（look forward to期待做某事）。 B今年5月20日是第三十一个中国学生营养日。一日三餐中，早餐的重要性不言而喻。某校研究性学习小组在200人中就同学们的早餐情况进行了一次调查。下图是相关的统计结果。请你用两段话写一篇短文,第一段用百分比简要说明图表内容，第二段结合自己的情况,谈谈你对早餐的看法。要求：1.不得少于80词;2.不得出现真实的人名、校名;3.所给词数不计入总数。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】A school did a survey among 200 students about whether students have a good breakfast every morning. Here are the results. It shows that 55% of students always have a healthy breakfast, which makes them fit and energetic. However, 25% often eat junk food, which increases the risk of developing bad diseases. What surprises us is the fact that the number of students who hardly have breakfast takes up 20%. As for me, I failed to know the importance of having breakfast at first. After I entered junior high school, it seemed that there never existed enough time for me to eat breakfast in the morning. Though my mom carefully prepared soybean milk, eggs and other food, I could hardly sit at the table and enjoy them. Then, I was likely to faint after the PE class one day and had to ask for a sick leave. I got to realize I needed to have a good eating habit. Later I tried to get up a bit early and leave 10 minutes for breakfast every day. Gradually, I felt as if I had more energy and even became more focused in school. I do benefit a lot from the good living habit.【详解】1.题干解读：本文是图表作文，需要写清楚两个要点，一是描述图表展示的信息，图表展示的是200位学生的早餐情况；二是表述自己对早餐的看法；仔细分析图表内容，列出每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点下笔书写。2.例文点评：本文第一段用一般现在时对图表内容进行了描述，并说明了三种情况的占比；第二段主要用一般过去时描述了自己从不重视早餐到逐渐认识到早餐重要性的转变；要点描述完整，句型丰富，衔接流畅，语言准确。3.高分亮点：短语：do a survey; the number of; the importance of; get to realize; increase the risk of; develop bad diseases。  句型：It shows that… , which makes them fit and energetic.；What surprises us is the fact that …；I do benefit a lot from…。 C某中学对高一新生进行了英语口语能力问卷调查, 以下是其中两个问题的调查数据。假如你是该校高一新生, 请结合下图数据和自身口语情况, 给你的英语老师写一篇短文。要求∶1. 80-120词, 开头已给出, 不计入总词数;2. 文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称。参考信息:1. 描述问卷调查结果（频率、方法）;2. 介绍自身口语情况（水平、打算·…）;3. ….The results of the survey show that 17% of the students hardly ever practise speaking English._____________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】The results of the survey show that 17% of the students hardly ever practise speaking English. 45% of the students usually practice speaking English, and 38% of the students practise speaking English sometimes. How do you practise speaking English? Most students speak more only in class. Some of the students talk with friends in English. Some students practise speaking English in other ways.In my opinion, we should talk with our partners in English as much as we can. Also, we should often listen to English stories in order to improve our understanding about English. Never be afraid of speaking English in front of others! This is quite important. Over and above, we should learn more English words. Only in this way, can we be good English speaker!【详解】题干解读：这是一个看图作文，图中列出了某中学对学生进行的英语口语能力的调查问卷，包括两个问题，一个是“你多久练习说一次英语”；另一个是“你怎样练习说英语”。学生们应仔细观察图表中的信息，将这两个问题的调查结果表达出来。短文中还应包括另外一个内容，即介绍自己口语的情况，并对如何提高口语能力，提出自己的建议。短文应以一般现在时态为主，根据表达需要选择适当的人称。例文点评：这是一篇优秀的作文。首先短文内容完整，叙述条理，结构清晰。文章采取两段式结构，第一段主要介绍该问卷调查的结果，包含了图表中的所有信息，没有遗漏要点，且各部分内容安排合理，有层次；第二段是自己的口语情况，以及对如何提高口语能力的建议。其次短文语法正确，用词准确，句式结构完整，符合英语的表达习惯。短文以简单句结构为基础，还使用了祈使句、宾语从句、非谓语动词等结构，表达流畅，意思连贯。高分亮点：短语：talk with；in other ways；in one’s opinion；be afraid of；in this way。句型：45% of the students usually practice speaking English, and 38% of the students practise speaking English sometimes.；In my opinion, we should talk with our partners in English as much as we can.；Never be afraid of speaking English in front of others!；Only in this way, can we be good English speaker!