初中英语中考复习 专题44杂糅型填空-三年（2020-2022）中考真题英语分项汇编（全国通用）

这是一份初中英语中考复习 专题44杂糅型填空-三年（2020-2022）中考真题英语分项汇编（全国通用），共157页。
专题44 短文填空—杂糅型填空

【2022年】

（一）（2022·湖北宜昌·中考真题）
I’ve always run.
When I was a k____31____, my dad took me to the Olympics and we saw the 400m final. A runner named Arthur won it and that really shocked me. I remembered it so well. I even wrote ____32____ article about it.
I was never good enough for the Olympics ____33____ (我自己), but I tried running. I want to keep fit and like the challenge. After 27, I began to play t____34____. At 65, I started hurdling (跨栏) again. When I was 71, I won the 200m hurdling as the oldest person. When I was 80, I b____35____ the world record. I would never ____36____ (改变) my mind. Now I’m 89, but I still do a couple of press-ups (俯卧撑) once ____37____ twice a week.
To my pleasure, my family all exercise together in our nice ____38____ (花园) every day. We own a better life because we have a ____39____ (健康的) habit. My dream is to run the 100m at 100 — only another e____40____ years to go — and then to live to 120.
No matter what comes my way, I will keep it.
【答案】31．(k)id
32．an
33．myself
34．(t)ennis##(t)able-tennis
35．(b)roke
36．change
37．or
38．garden
39．healthy
40．(e)leven
【解析】
【导语】
本文作者主要讲述了自己从青年到老年时期的运动经历，表达了他对运动的热爱。
31．
句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我爸爸带我去了奥运会，我们观看了400米决赛。根据“When I was a k..., my dad took me...”可知，作者当时是个孩子，kid“孩子”符合语境，“a”修饰名词单数。故填(k)id。
32．
句意：我甚至写了一篇关于它的文章。“article”是可数名词单数，以元音音素开头，泛指一篇文章，空处用不定冠词an。故填an。
33．
句意：我自己从来都不够优秀去参加奥运会，但我试着跑步。myself表示“我自己”，反身代词，指代主语本身。故填myself。
34．
句意：27岁以后，我开始打网球/乒乓球。空处指一种运动，结合首字母，play tennis/table-tennis“打网球/乒乓球”符合语境。故填(t)ennis/(t)able-tennis。
35．
句意：我80岁时打破了世界纪录。break the record“打破纪录”，根据“When I was 80”可知，用一般过去时，break的过去式是broke。故填(b)roke。
36．
句意：我永远不会改变想法。change“改变”，change my mind“改变我的想法”，“would”后接动词原形。故填change。
37．
句意：现在我89岁了，但我仍然每周做一两次俯卧撑。“once”和“twice”是并列成分，表示每周做俯卧撑一次或者两次，or“或者”符合语境。故选or。
38．
句意：令我高兴的是，我的家人每天都在我们美丽的花园里一起锻炼。garden“花园”，可数名词，此处用单数形式。故填garden。
39．
句意：我们拥有更好的生活，因为我们有一个健康的习惯。healthy“健康的”，形容词，作定语修饰名词“habit”。故填healthy。
40．
句意：我的梦想在100岁时跑100米——只差11年了，然后活到120岁。根据前文“Now I’m 89”可知，作者现在89岁，离100岁还差11年，eleven“十一”符合语境。故填(e)leven。



（二）（2022·湖南衡阳·中考真题）
根据所给汉语或英文首字母写出短文中所缺英语单词。
It was snowy and dark on the l____36____ evening of the year. Many people were getting together in their warm homes. A poor little girl was still walking in the streets with no shoes. There were some matches in her hand.
“Matches, matches!” the little girl cried in a low voice. No one heard her when they were passing by. She didn’t sell any matches and no one gave her a ____37____ (硬币). The wind was blowing strongly and the snow was falling down on her long hair. She felt cold and hungry.
Lights were shining from every window. But the little girl was afraid to go home without selling one box of matches, because her father would beat her.
“Ah, a burning match may warm me up!” she thought. She lit three matches. When the matches were burning, she saw a warm stove, a delicious roast goose and a beautiful Christmas tree. But all these disappeared when the flames went out. Then she lit a ____38____ (第四) match. A kind old woman was standing there.
“Grandmother!” cried the little girl, “Take me with you.” Her grandmother smiled and h____39____ the girl in her arms.
On the morning of the new year, the girl was lying a____40____ the wall, dead!
【答案】36．(l)ast
37．coin
38．fourth
39．(h)eld
40．(a)gainst
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇小故事，主要讲述了《卖火柴的小女孩》的故事。
36．
句意：这是一年的最后一个晚上，天又黑又下着雪。根据“On the morning of the new year”可知，第二天是新年，所以这是今年的最后一个晚上，last“最后的”符合语境，故填(l)ast。
37．
句意：她没有卖掉一根火柴，也没有人给她一枚硬币。coin“硬币”，此前有a修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填coin。
38．
句意：然后她点燃了第四根火柴。fourth“第四”，作定语修饰match，故填fourth。
39．
句意：她的祖母微笑着把女孩抱在怀里。根据“Her grandmother smiled and h...the girl in her arms.”可知，祖母把女孩抱在怀里，hold“抱住”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(h)eld。
40．
句意：新年的早晨，女孩靠墙躺着，死了！根据“the girl was lying a...the wall”可知，女孩靠墙躺着，against“靠着”符合语境，故填(a)gainst。


（三）（2022·湖南衡阳·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
A new report predicts that by 2050, half of the world’s population (around 4.8 billion people) will be shortsighted. The medical name for this is myopia (近视). It is also ____41____ (call) nearsightedness.
____42____ we have myopia, we can’t see the things far away from us. It is true that more and more people have myopia. It’s a bad situation. According to the data released (发布) by the National Health Commission, China is a big country of myopia, and almost 90 percent ____43____ young Chinese people are near-sighted. Children aged between six and ten ____44____ have myopia are more likely to suffer from severe myopia in the future. Some experts make a prediction ____45____ (recent). In the opinion, there will be seven times more people with myopia in 2050 than there were in the year 2000.
The researchers say that the number of people with myopia will increase because of different reasons. Looking at computer screens and mobile phones may be the major reason. The increase may have something to do with lifestyle ____46____ (change). Now, people spend ____47____ (little) time outdoors than before. A science journalist says that ____48____ (spend) more time outdoors in early childhood can reduce the chances of getting myopia. A researcher once said. “You can spend time on computers and screens, ____49____ remember to spend two hours outdoors every day. That is ____50____ for your eyesight.”
【答案】41．called
42．When
43．of
44．that##who
45．recently
46．changes
47．less
48．spending
49．but
50．good
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍现今中国近视的情况，并给出相关建议。
41．
句意：它也被称为近视。主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态表示，动词用过去分词形式，故填called。
42．
句意：当我们近视时，我们看不见远处的东西。根据“...we have myopia, we can’t see the things far away from us.”可知，当我们近视时，看不见远处的东西，用when引导时间状语从句，句首需大写首字母，故填When。
43．
句意：根据国家卫生健康委员会发布的数据，中国是一个近视大国，近90%的中国年轻人近视。根据“and almost 90 percent...young Chinese people are near-sighted”可知，此处指90%，90 percent of...“90%的……”，故填of。
44．
句意：6至10岁的近视儿童日后更有可能患上严重近视。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，用that/who连接，故填that/who。
45．
句意：最近一些专家做了一个预测。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填recently。
46．
句意：这种增长可能与生活方式的改变有关。生活方式的改变不止一个，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填changes。
47．
句意：现在，人们在户外的时间比以前少了。根据“than before”可知，此处应使用比较级，故填less。
48．
句意：一位科学记者表示，儿童早期多在户外活动可以降低患近视的几率。此处在宾语从句中作主语，用动名词形式，故填spending。
49．
句意：你可以花时间在电脑和屏幕上，但记住每天花两个小时在户外。前后两句构成转折关系，用but连接，故填but。
50．
句意：这对你的视力有好处。根据“That is...for your eyesight.”和前文内容可知，每天花两个小时在户外对视力有好处，be good for“对……有好处”，故填good。


（四）（2022·河北·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词（有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形式）。
Mrs. Zhang is my neighbor. Her house is next to ___41___（my）. She is a warm and ___42___（friend）person. She is popular among us. She always ___43___（like）to help others. And she often asks people ___44___ she can do for them. She often says hello ___45___ me from her front garden when I come back home. She plants different ___46___（kind）of beautiful flowers in her garden. It was Mrs. Zhang’s birthday last Saturday. She held a party and ___47___（invite）all the neighbors. She made ___48___ very big cake with fresh flowers on it. It was my ___49___（one）time to see such a cake. I thought it was the ____50____（nice）cake I had ever eaten. We sang, danced and talked and it was really a great time.
【答案】41．mine
42．friendly
43．likes
44．what
45．to
46．kinds
47．invited
48．a
49．first
50．nicest
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了作者的邻居张太太，她是一个热情友好的人，并且总是喜欢帮助别人，很受欢迎。
41．
句意：她的房子紧挨着我的。根据“Her house”可知，此处使用名词性物主代词mine指代“我的房子”，故填mine。
42．
句意：她是一个热情友好的人。根据“person”可知，此处使用形容词作定语修饰名词person，friendly“友好的”。故填friendly。
43．
句意：她总是喜欢帮助别人。根据“She always”可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为单数形式，动词使用第三人称单数。故填likes。
44．
句意：她经常问人们她能为他们做些什么。根据“And she often asks people …she can do for them.”可知，此处由what引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语。故填what。
45．
句意：我回到家时，她经常在她的前花园向我打招呼。根据“She often says hello”可知，say hello to sb.“和某人打招呼”，故填to。
46．
句意：她在花园里种了各种美丽的花。根据“different…（kind）of”可知，different kinds of“各种各样”，故填kinds。
47．
句意：她举行了一个聚会，邀请了所有的邻居。根据“She held a”可知，本句为一般过去时，使用动词过去式。故填invited。
48．
句意：她做了一个很大的蛋糕，上面有鲜花。根据“very big cake with fresh flowers on it”可知，此处表泛指，指一个很大的蛋糕，very以辅音音素开头，使用不定冠词a。故填a。
49．
句意：这是我第一次看到这样的蛋糕。根据“It was my…（one）time to see”可知，It was one’s+序数词+time to do sth.“这是某人第几次做某事”，one的序数词为first。故填first。
50．
句意：我觉得这是我吃过的最好的蛋糕。根据“I had ever eaten”可知，此处使用形容词最高级，形容词最高级前使用定冠词the。故填nicest。


（五）（2022·湖南怀化·中考真题）
阅读下面的短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Journey to the West is ___41___ traditional Chinese book. The monkey king or Sun Wukong is one of the main characters in the book. The monkey king, who is loved by ___42___ (China) children, is not just a normal monkey. He can make 72 changes to ___43___ (he) shape and size, turning himself into different ___44___ (animal) and objects. The monkey king uses a magic stick to fight bad people ___45___ (brave). Sometimes, he can make the stick ___46___ small that he can keep it in his ear. And as soon as the TV programme ___47___ (come) out more than 30 years ago, children became interested ___48___ reading this story.
The monkey king is ___49___ (smart) than others. He keeps fighting ____50____ (help) the weak and never gives up.
【答案】41．a
42．Chinese
43．his
44．animals
45．bravely
46．so
47．came
48．in
49．smarter
50．to help
【解析】
【导语】
本文谈论了《西游记》这本书中孙悟空整个角色的特点。
41．
句意：《西游记》是一本中国传统书籍。空处修饰其后的名词book，泛指应用不定冠词，traditional是辅音音素开头的单词，应用a修饰，故填a。
42．
句意：深受中国孩子喜爱的孙悟空并不是一只普通的猴子。空处修饰其后的名词“children”，应用形容词形式，故填Chinese。
43．
句意：他可以对自己的形状和大小进行72变，将自己变成不同的动物和物体。空处修饰其后的名词“shape and size”，指代的是“他的”，应用形容词性物主代词，故填his。
44．
句意：他可以对自己的形状和大小进行72变，将自己变成不同的动物和物体。空前有different修饰，结合“objects”可知，此处名词应用复数形式，故填animals。
45．
句意：孙悟空用魔杖勇敢地对付坏人。空处修饰动词fight，应用副词形式，故填bravely。
46．
句意：有时，他可以把棍子弄得很小，以至于可以把它放在耳朵里。结合“that he can keep it in his ear.”可知，此处是so...that...引导的结果状语从句，故填so。
47．
句意：30多年前，这个电视节目一播出，孩子们就对这个故事产生了兴趣。结合“30 years ago”可知，句子要用一般过去时，故填came。
48．
句意：30多年前，这个电视节目一播出，孩子们就对这个故事产生了兴趣。结合“became interested...reading”可知，此处是be interested in“对……感兴趣”，故填in。
49．
句意：孙悟空比其他人聪明。结合“than”可知，此处要用比较级形式，故填smarter。
50．
句意：他一直在为帮助弱者而奋斗，从不放弃。空处表示目的，应用不定式作目的状语，故填to help。




（六）（2022·湖南湘潭·中考真题）
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Shaoshan is a famous city, the hometown of Chairman (主席) Mao Zedong. He once lived, studied, and ____36____ (work) here. Shaoshan is a comfortable place with flowers blooming (开花) and birds singing all year round. Shaoshan is a place ____37____ is almost in the middle of Hunan, about 40 kilometers from Xiangtan City and 100 kilometers from Changsha City.
As the high-speed trains are available, more and more people come here ____38____ train. For example, it only ____39____ (take) less than half an hour from Changsha City to Shaoshan. Others still want ____40____ (drive) here with families or friends. If people come here on December 26th, it will be the ____41____ (good) time. On that day there are a lot of celebrations, because it’s Chairman Mao’s birthday.
____42____ (Visitor) from all over the country come here to show their respect. They also look forward to ____43____ (watch) The Most Memorable Shaoshan (《最忆韶山冲》), which can help them better understand Chairman Mao. They will be deeply moved and encouraged. Besides, it is not only ____44____ good place for students to have school trips, but also an education base for ____45____ (they) to learn about the history of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党).
【答案】36．worked
37．that##which
38．by
39．takes
40．to drive
41．best
42．Visitors
43．watching
44．a
45．them
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了韶山这一座著名的城市，韶山也是毛主席的故乡。
36．
句意：他曾在这里生活、学习和工作。根据“lived, studied, and…”可知，此处使用动词过去式。故填worked。
37．
句意：韶山几乎位于湖南中部，距湘潭市40公里，长沙市100公里。根据“a place…”可知，此处空后为定语从句，先行词为地点，使用that或者which，在句中作主语。故填that/which。
38．
句意：随着高铁的普及，越来越多的人乘火车来这里。根据“train”可知，by train“乘火车”，故填by。
39．
句意：例如，从长沙市到韶山只需不到半个小时。根据“it only…(take) less than half an hour from Changsha City to Shaoshan. ”可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为单数形式，使用动词第三人称单数。故填takes。
40．
句意：其他人仍然想和家人或朋友一起开车来这里。根据“want”可知，want to do“想要做”，故填to drive。
41．
句意：如果人们在12月26日来这里，那将是最好的时间。根据“the… (good) time”和“On that day there are a lot of celebrations, because it's Chairman Mao’s birthday.”可知，此处指最好的时间。使用形容词最高级。故填best。
42．
句意：来自全国各地的游客来这里表达他们的敬意。根据“from all over the country come here to show their respect. ”可知，此处指来自全国各地的游客，使用名词复数形式。故填Visitors。
43．
句意：他们还期待着观看《最忆韶山冲》，这可以帮助他们更好地了解毛主席。根据“look forward to”可知，look forward to doing“期待做”，故填watching。
44．
句意：此外，它不仅是学生进行学校旅行的一个好地方，也是他们了解中国共产党历史的教育基地。根据“good place”可知，此处表泛指，good以辅音音素开头，使用不定冠词a。故填a。
45．
句意：此外，它不仅是学生进行学校旅行的一个好地方，也是他们了解中国共产党历史的教育基地。根据“for”可知，介词后使用宾格them。故填them。


（七）（2022·江苏苏州·中考真题）
请认真阅读下面短文，填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A hurricane(飓风) is a huge storm that forms over warm ocean water. Hurricanes have winds that move in ___34___ circle. Hurricane winds are very ___35___ (power), and can move at speeds from 120 km/h to over 300 km/h.
The centre of hurricane winds is called the eye. Winds in the eye ___36___ (be) not very strong. Around the eye is an area called the eye wall. The wall is where winds are the ___37___ (strong) and rain is the heaviest.
Strong winds and heavy rain can do a lot of damage(破坏) when a hurricane moves over land.
Hurricane winds can be strong enough to break ___38___ (window) into pieces. The winds can even knock over tall trees, which might fall on buildings or cars. Strong winds can pick up objects and send ___39___ (they) into the air, causing damage.
Heavy rain from a hurricane can cause floods in areas that are not close ___40___ a coast. The floodwater can be very deep. It sometimes ___41___ (reach) almost up to the top of houses. Water goes into the houses ___42___ (quick) and does a lot of damage. Wooden structures(结构) might not be safe after a flood.
___43___ there is no way to prevent a hurricane, you can get prepared for it.
【答案】34．a
35．powerful
36．are
37．strongest
38．windows
39．them
40．to
41．reaches
42．quickly
43．Although##Though
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍飓风的相关内容。
34．
句意：飓风的风是绕圈运动的。此处泛指一个圈，“circle”首字母发辅音音素，故填a。
35．
句意：飓风非常强大，风速可以从每小时120公里到每小时300公里以上。此处在句中作表语，用形容词powerful，故填powerful。
36．
句意：风眼的风力不是很强。本句时态是一般现在时，主语“Winds”是复数，故填are。
37．
句意：这堵墙是风最强、雨最大的地方。根据并列句“rain is the heaviest”可知，此处应使用最高级strongest，故填strongest。
38．
句意：飓风的威力足以把窗户吹成碎片。此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填windows。
39．
句意：强风会把物体吹到空中，造成破坏。此处在动词后作宾语，用宾格them，故填them。
40．
句意：飓风带来的暴雨会在不靠近海岸的地区引发洪水。be close to“靠近”，故填to。
41．
句意：有时它几乎达到了房子的顶部。本句时态是一般现在时，主语是“It”，动词用三单，故填reaches。
42．
句意：水很快进入房屋，造成很大的破坏。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词quickly，故填quickly。
43．
句意：虽然没有办法预防飓风，但你可以做好准备。前后两句构成让步关系，用although/though引导让步状语从句，句首需大写首字母。故填Although/Though。



（八）（2022·四川德阳·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When I was a child, I loved to visit my grandparents’ farm. There was always something new to do, ____36____ (see) and to enjoy.
One day, I, together with my brothers and sisters, went to my grandparents’ farm to celebrate my birthday. We all liked eating strawberries and we went to pick ____37____ (they). We each took a basket. But I was lazy. I took the ____38____ (small) basket. While the others were picking strawberries, I had a rest. Before we ____39____ (return), I put a lot of grass in my basket and then I put a few strawberries on top. The basket looked full. My grandfather said he was proud ____40____ my hard work.
The next morning my grandmother made many ____41____ (pie). There was a big pie which ____42____ (make) just for me. It looked nice! But when I began to eat it, I found there was nothing but grass under the top strawberries! You can guess ____43____ surprised I was.
My grandfather looked at me ____44____ (calm) and said, “When you cheat others, you cheat yourself.” He didn’t need to say more but taught me ____45____ good lesson.
【答案】36．to see
37．them
38．smallest
39．returned
40．of
41．pies
42．was made
43．how
44．calmly
45．a
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了作者在爷爷的农场上用草欺骗爷爷，结果他从爷爷那里得到了一个教训：当你欺骗别人的时候，你也欺骗了自己。
36．
句意：总是有一些新的事情要做，去看看和享受。see“看”，and前后的动词形式保持一致，故此处用动词不定式作定语。故填to see。
37．
句意：我们都喜欢吃草莓，我们去摘它们。作pick的宾语用代词宾格them“它们”，代指草莓。故填them。
38．
句意：我拿了最小的篮子。small“小的”，由语境可知，作者为了偷懒，拿了一个最小的篮子，定冠词the后加形容词最高级。故填smallest。
39．
句意：在我们回来之前，我在篮子里放了很多草，然后在上面放了一些草莓。描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式returned“回来”。故填returned。
40．
句意：我的祖父说他为我的辛勤工作感到自豪。be proud of“对……感到自豪”，固定用法。故填of。
41．
句意：第二天早上，我祖母做了很多馅饼。many后加名词复数pies“馅饼”。故填pies。
42．
句意：有一个大馅饼是专为我做的。分析句子可知，从句主语是先行词“a big pie”，和谓语“make制作”之间是被动关系，且此处描述过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done，主语是I，be动词用was。故填was made。
43．
句意：你可以猜到我有多惊讶。句子是宾语从句，空格后是形容词，故此处用how引导宾语从句，表示“多么……”。故填how。
44．
句意：爷爷平静地看着我。calm“平静的”，此处修饰动词“looked at”用副词。故填calmly。
45．
句意：他不需要多说，而是给我上了很好的一课。此处泛指“一课”，且good以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。


（九）（2022·四川广元·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。
China is a large country. It has special cultures with a very long history.
Chinese food plays ____56____ important role for Chinese families. Chinese people eat their meals with chopsticks. One of the main foods ____57____ (be) rice. Tea is a favorite drink.
Chinese calendar is different from the one in ____58____ (west) countries. New Year’s Day is in late winter. It is also called the Spring Festival. And it also has some special ____59____ (tradition) cultures. For example, sweeping the floor ____60____ New year’s Day sweeps away all the old year’s bad ____61____ (lucky).
The Chinese zodiac, known as Sheng Xiao, follows a twelve-year cycle. Each year is ____62____ (name) after an animal. For example, the year that begins in 2022 is the year of the tiger.
Chinese is a little difficult language. Chinese writing ____63____ (develop) for over 4,000 years. It has thousands of characters. A character stands for a word and also a ____64____ (mean). Besides Putonghua, Chinese people speak some other ____65____ (form) of the language, and there are many kinds of dialects (方言).
【答案】56．an
57．is
58．western
59．traditional
60．before
61．luck
62．named
63．has developed
64．meaning
65．forms
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了一些中国传统文化：食物、历法、生肖及语言特点等。
56．
句意：中餐在中国家庭中扮演着重要的角色。此处是泛指一个重要的角色，且“important”是以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
57．
句意：主要食物之一是米饭。固定句型one of+名词复数“……之一”，谓语动词用单数；本文应用现在时态，此处为一般现在时，应用is。故填is。
58．
句意：中国的历法与西方国家的不同。空后有名词“countries”，此处需用形容词修饰名词。western“西方的”，形容词。故填western。
59．
句意：它也有一些特殊的传统文化。空后有名词“cultures”，此处需用形容词traditional“传统的”来修饰。故填traditional。
60．
句意：例如，新年前扫地，一扫旧年的霉运。根据习俗常识可知，在春节前会扫地。before“在……之前”。故填before。
61．
句意：例如，新年前扫地，一扫旧年的霉运。空前有名词所有格“the old year’s...”，其后需跟名词形式luck“运气”，bad luck“霉运，坏运气”。故填luck。
62．
句意：每年都以一种动物的名字命名。固定短语be named after“以……命名”。故填named。
63．
句意：中国文字发展了4000多年。根据“for over 4,000 years”可知，本句是现在完成时(have/has done)；主语“Chinese writing”是单数，助动词用has。develop的过去分词为developed。故填has developed。
64．
句意：一个字符代表一个词，也代表一个意义。空前有不定冠词“a”，其后跟名词单数形式，meaning“意思”，名词。故填meaning。
65．
句意：除了普通话，中国人还讲其他形式的语言，还有很多种方言。“some”后跟名词复数形式。故填forms。


（十）（2022·浙江湖州·中考真题）
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Matt is a primary school student who loves playing with little animals. One day, when he was on ____33____ (he) way to school, he saw a homeless cat sitting in a box. It was a black-and-white cat with bright eyes. The cat was so cute ____34____ Matt couldn’t help playing with it.
The longer Matt played with ____35____ cat, the more he liked it. The little cat followed him as he left for school. Matt then decided ____36____ (take) the cat to school with him. He put the cat in his schoolbag ____37____ went to school happily.
After Matt entered the class, he told some ____38____ (classmate) about the cat. As he opened the schoolbag to show them the cat, it suddenly jumped out and ____39____ (start) running around the classroom. It even jumped onto the teacher’s desk! Everyone in class was ____40____ (excited) than ever before. Just at that time, the teacher came in and caught the cat ____41____ (quick). Matt felt embarrassed and his face turned red.
To Matt’s surprise, the teacher came up to him ____42____ a smile, saying, “ Matt, it’s nice of you to lend a helping hand to homeless animals, but you are not allowed to take it to school. ”
【答案】33．his
34．that
35．the
36．to take
37．and
38．classmates
39．started
40．more excited
41．quickly
42．with
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述了马特在上学路上遇到了一致流浪猫，并把它带到学校的事情。
33．
句意：一天，当他在上学的路上，他看到一只无家可归的猫坐在一个盒子里。on one’s way to...“在某人去某地的路上”，one’s用形容词性物主代词代替，故填his。
34．
句意：这只猫太可爱了，马特忍不住要和它玩。结合“so cute...Matt couldn’t help playing with it.”可知，此处是so...that...“如此……以至于……”引导的结果状语从句，故填that。
35．
句意：马特和猫玩得越久，他越喜欢它。此处是指代前文提到的名词，用定冠词the修饰，故填the。
36．
句意：然后，马特决定带这只猫去学校。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，是固定短语，故填to take。
37．
句意：他把猫放进书包里，高兴地上学去了。空格前后是并列关系，应用and连接，故填and。
38．
句意：马特进入教室后，告诉了一些同学关于这只猫的事。空前有some修饰，名词用复数形式，故填classmates。
39．
句意：当他打开书包给他们看那只猫时，它突然跳了出来，开始在教室里跑来跑去。空处与“jumped”是并列关系，此处应用过去式形式，故填started。
40．
句意：班上的每个人都比以前更兴奋了。结合“than”可知，此处用比较级形式，故填more excited。
41．
句意：就在那时，老师进来很快抓住了猫。空处修饰动词，应用副词形式，故填quickly。
42．
句意：令马特惊讶的是，老师微笑着走到他面前。此处是表示伴随，应用介词with，故填with。


（十一）（2022·浙江金华·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Some people say it is not easy for a middle-aged person to learn a foreign language. But is it ___36___（real）true?
Several years ago, I worked for ___37___ English newspaper which was doing such a research. They asked me to learn a new language for one month. Then I had to go to the country and do some “tests” ___38___（see）if I could “survive（挺过来）” in different situations.
I chose Spanish（西班牙语）and did a one-month course at a language school and ___39___（find）that some Spanish words are very similar to English ones. ___40___ example, hola isn’t very different from “hello”. Of course, there are other things which are more difficult. In Spanish you have to change the verbs（动词）for each person. But my ___41___（big）problem of all was the pronunciation. I found ___42___ was very difficult to pronounce some letters in Spanish, especially r and j. So I had to download ___43___（sentence）onto my phone and I listened and practised them again and again.
A month later I went to Spain. A Spanish teacher ___44___（call）Paula came and began the test. “Will I survive?” I wasn’t sure enough but _____45_____ I wished I would!
【答案】36．really
37．an
38．to see
39．found
40．For
41．biggest
42．it
43．sentences
44．called
45．how
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了作者通过自己学习西班牙的经历来验证一下中年人学外语是否不容易。
36．
句意：但这是真的吗？根据“true”可知，此处使用副词修饰形容词，real 的副词为really。故填really。
37．
句意：几年前，我为一家英文报纸工作，该报纸正在做这样的研究。根据“English newspaper”可知，此处表泛指，English以元音音素开头，使用不定冠词an。故填an。
38．
句意：然后我不得不去些地区做一些“测试”，看看我是否能在不同的情况下“挺过来”。根据“Then I had to go to the country and do some “tests”…（see）if I could “survive（挺过来）” in different situations.”可知，此处空后为做一些“测试”的目的，使用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
39．
句意：我选择了西班牙语，在一所语言学校上了一个月的课程，发现一些西班牙语单词与英语单词非常相似。根据“did a one-month course”可知，此处为一般过去时，使用动词过去式。故填found。
40．
句意：例如，hola与“hello”没有太大区别。根据“example”可知，For example“例如”，介词短语。故填For。
41．
句意：但我最大的问题是发音。根据“of all”可知，此处指最大的问题，使用形容词的最高级，故填biggest。
42．
句意：我发现用西班牙语读一些字母很困难，尤其是r和j。根据“I found …was very difficult to pronounce”可知，find it adj. to do sth.“发现做某事是……”，it作形式宾语。故填it。
43．
句意：所以我不得不把句子下载到手机上，一遍又一遍地听和练习。根据“them”可知，此处使用名词复数，故填sentences。
44．
句意：一位名叫Paula的西班牙语老师来了，开始考试。根据“A Spanish teacher…（call）Paula”可知，此处使用过去分词作后置定语修饰名词teacher。故填called。
45．
句意：我不太确定，但我多么希望我能做到！根据“I wishe I would!”可知，此处指多么希望我能做到，使用how“多么”，强调程度，故填how。


（十二）（2022·浙江丽水·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Lance almost ran home after school. His older brother Nathan had promised to take ____36____ (he) to the new skate park today. Lance was so excited ____37____ he got everything ready when Nathan got home. “Who’s that?” Nathan ____38____ (ask), pointing out the window. Lance looked out and found his friend Haley waiting ____39____ (quiet) in front of the mailbox. “What is she doing here?” Lance thought ____40____ a while and remembered that he promised Haley to work on their science project today, before Nathan’s promise. Skating with Nathan was certainly, a ____41____ (good) offer than working on the project. He could learn some new ____42____ (skill) with the help of Nathan. It would be ____43____ exciting experience. But if be canceled on Haley, he could imagine how disappointed she would be. Lance decided to work on the project ____44____ Haley and told Nathan everything. “Good for you,” his brother said. “And ask Haley if she wants ____45____ (go) to the skate park after you two finish the project.” Lance couldn’t believe his ears, “Really? You’d take us?” “Of course, I promised,” Nathan nodded. “And a promise is a promise.”
【答案】36．him
37．that
38．asked
39．quietly
40．for
41．better
42．skills
43．an
44．with
45．to go
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了兰斯忘记了之前答应朋友海莉一起去做科学项目，想着要和哥哥一起去滑冰，后来经过内心的挣扎，决定不要违背诺言，放弃了和哥哥去滑冰的打算，哥哥知道了事情的缘由表扬兰斯是一个信守承诺的人，并邀请兰斯和朋友在完成项目后一起来公园滑冰。
36．
句意：他的哥哥内森答应今天带他去新的滑冰公园。动词take后接人称代词宾格，故填him。
37．
句意：内森回家时，兰斯非常兴奋，他把一切都准备好了。so…that表示“如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句，故填that。
38．
句意：内森指着窗户问道。此空的前一句和后一句都是一般过去时，故此句也用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填asked。
39．
句意：兰斯向外望去，发现他的朋友海莉正静静地等在邮箱前。此空修饰动词waiting，应用副词，quiet的副词是quietly“安静地”，故填quietly。
40．
句意：兰斯想了想，想起他答应海莉今天去做他们的科学项目，比内森答应的要早。think for a while“想了一会”，固定搭配，故填for。
41．
句意：和内森一起滑冰当然比做科学项目更好。此空修饰名词offer，且根据“than”可知，此空应填比较级，故填better。
42．
句意：他可以在内森的帮助下学习一些新技能。skill“技能”，可数名词，some修饰可数名词的复数形式，故填skills。
43．
句意：那将会是令人兴奋的经历。此处表示“一段令人兴奋的经历”，表泛指，且exciting是以元音音素开头的，故填an。
44．
句意：兰斯决定和海莉一起做这个项目并把一切都告诉了内森。根据“Lance decided to work on the project … Haley”可知，与海莉一起做这个项目，with“与……一起”，故填with。
45．
句意：你们俩完成项目后问问海莉要不要去滑冰公园。want to do sth“想要做某事”，动词不定式作宾语，故填to go。


（十三）（2022·浙江宁波·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
It was the summer holidays and our family rented an apartment for a week near the beach. We all went to the beach on ___36___ first day and it was fantastic! I did lots of surfing. The sea was really warm! While Mum and Dad were reading ____37____ (they) books, my brother Paul was building a big sandcastle (沙堡). He was happy for ___38___ (hour)!
On the evening we arrived, my parents were cooking supper when suddenly the computer stopped working. There was no electricity in the apartment! We had to eat our supper in the dark! The electricity didn’t come on again ___39___ late at night.
The next day, we went to the market. We ___40___ (shop) when suddenly dark clouds came over and it started to rain hard. Dad ___41___ (drive) us back to the apartment.
When we got back, the rain was coming into Paul’s bedroom and his bed was very wet. So for the rest of the holiday he had to share my bedroom.
___42___ the end of the holiday, Mum and Dad were cleaning the apartment when suddenly Dad shouted, “Oh, no!” Paul and I ran into the kitchen. ___43___ strange it was! Paul’s milk was drunk and my apples ___44___ (eat) by a family of mice!
We packed up our things and left the apartment very ___45___ (quick)! We were all really glad to get home.
【答案】36．the
37．their
38．hours
39．until##till
40．were shopping
41．drove
42．At
43．How
44．were eaten
45．quickly
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了作者和家人在海边的度假经历。
36．
句意：第一天我们都去了海滩，太棒了！此处表示第一天，序数词first前要加冠词the，故填the。
37．
句意：当妈妈和爸爸在读书的时候，我的弟弟保罗正在建一个大沙堡。此空修饰名词books，且此空指代“Mum and Dad”，应用their表示“他们的”，故填their。
38．
句意：他高兴了好几个小时。hour是可数名词，空格前无冠词，故此空应填复数名词，故填hours。
39．
句意：直到深夜才重新通电。根据“The electricity didn’t come on again … late at night”可知，此处用not…until/till表示“直到……才”，故填until/till。
40．
句意：我们正在买东西，突然乌云密布，下起了大雨。when引导的时间状语从句，从句谓语动词came是一般过去时，主句表示过去某个时刻正在发生的事情，用过去进行时was/were doing的结构，主语we是复数形式，助动词用were，故填were shopping。
41．
句意：爸爸开车送我们回公寓。描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填drove。
42．
句意：假期快结束了，爸爸妈妈正在打扫房间，突然爸爸喊了起来。at the end of“在……的结束时”，固定搭配，且句首的单词首字母要大写，故填At。
43．
句意：多么奇怪啊！此句是感叹句，中心词strange是形容词，用how引导的感叹句结构：how+形容词+主谓，句首的单词首字母要大写，故填How。
44．
句意：保罗的牛奶被喝了，我的苹果被一群老鼠吃掉了。主语apples与动词eat之间是被动关系，且是描述过去发生的事情，此处用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，主语apples是复数形式，助动词用were，故填were eaten。
45．
句意：我们收拾好东西，很快就离开了公寓！此空修饰动词left，要用副词，quick是形容词，对应的副词是quickly“快速地”，故填quickly。


（十四）（2022·浙江绍兴·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。

Max Woosey is a 12-year-old boy. He has slept outside in storms, snow and heat waves, but now he’s coming indoors.
After two years of ____36____ (sleep) in a tent, Max, who has raised over £700,000, is about to remember what a bed ____37____ (feel) like. “I’m still going to be in my tent a lot,” said Max. “But now I’ve done two years. If there’s a big, ____38____ (danger) storm coming, I may come inside.”
Max began camping out in March 2020. At that time, ____39____ old neighbor of his, Rick Abbott, who was ____40____ (serious) ill, gave Max a tent and told him to take a risk with it. Later Max decided to camp out to raise money ____41____ the hospital that cared for Rick. Max didn’t think he would keep going a long time, ____42____ it went on and on.
Over the two years, Max has been through around 15 tents and has had camping ____43____ (trip) in many places. He even slept on a hotel balcony (阳台). His dad joined ____44____ in the tent during last month’s Storm Eunice, with Max joking that he ____45____ (wake) up not by the wind but by his dad’s snoring (鼾声)!
【答案】36．sleeping
37．feels
38．dangerous
39．an
40．seriously
41．for
42．but
43．trips
44．him
45．was woken##was waked
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了Max Woosey在过去的两年里在外面野营，为医院筹集了很多钱。
36．
句意：在帐篷里睡了两年之后，筹集了超过700,000英镑的Max即将回想起床的感觉。sleep“睡觉”，动词，介词of后加动名词。故填sleeping。
37．
句意：在帐篷里睡了两年之后，筹集了超过700,000英镑的Max即将回想起床的感觉。描述一般情况，用一般现在时，主语“a bed”是第三人称单数，谓语动词feel使用第三人称单数形式。故填feels。
38．
句意：如果有一场大而危险的风暴来临，我可能会进去。修饰名词storm用形容词dangerous“危险的”。故填dangerous。
39．
句意：当时，他的一位病重的老邻居里Rick Abbott给了Max一个帐篷，并告诉他要冒险。此处泛指“一个邻居”，old以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
40．
句意：当时，他的一位病重的老邻居里Rick Abbott给了Max一个帐篷，并告诉他要冒险。此处修饰形容词ill用副词seriously“严重地”。故填seriously。
41．
句意：后来Max决定露营，为照顾Rick的医院筹款。根据“raise money...the hospital”可知是为医院筹钱，用介词for“为了”。故填for。
42．
句意：Max认为他不会坚持很长时间，但它一直在继续。根据“Max didn’t think he would keep going a long time...it went on and on.”可知前后两句是转折关系， 用but连接。故填but。
43．
句意：两年来，Max已经用过了大约15个帐篷，并在许多地方进行了露营旅行。trip“旅行”，可数名词，且不止一次旅行，用名词复数。故填trips。
44．
句意：在上个月的Eunice风暴期间，他的父亲和他一起在帐篷里，Max开玩笑说他不是被风吵醒，而是被他父亲的鼾声吵醒！根据“His dad joined...”可知他父亲加入了他，谓语之后加代词宾格him“他”作宾语。故填him。
45．
句意：在上个月的Eunice风暴期间，他的父亲和他一起在帐篷里，Max开玩笑说他不是被风吵醒，而是被他父亲的鼾声吵醒！wake“叫醒”，主语“he”和谓语之间是被动关系，且描述过去的动作，用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done，主语是he，be动词用was，wake的过去分词为woken/waked。故填was woken/waked。


（十五）（2022·四川乐山·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
A Postman of Smiles
John Matson has been a postman for four years. He loves being out in the fresh air and meeting people. He has made ____51____ (friend) with many of his customers and enjoys talking with them while he is working.
However, when COVID-19 began, John’s life and work   ____52____ (change) a lot. He still saw his customers, ____53____ he had to talk with them from a safe social distance (社交距离). He was feeling   ____54____ (little) happy than before.
What could he do to cheer both ____55____ (him) and others up? John found some cool Halloween costumes (万圣节服装) in his house. He asked his manager if he could wear them to work. He wanted ____56____ (try) to “ send ” smiles to people.
The manager agreed. And people smiled ____57____ (happy) when they saw John in his costume. The next day, he dressed up as ____58____ ancient soldier and everyone loved it. Some would even wait by their windows and doors ____59____ order to see him. From then on, John decided to wear his funny costumes every day.
“ So many people are happy and look forward to ____60____ (see) what I end up wearing, ” said the postman. “ I think I love my job more than ever now! ”
【答案】51．friends
52．changed
53．but
54．less
55．himself
56．to try
57．happily
58．an
59．in
60．seeing
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了在新冠疫情期间，邮递员Jon Matson在送邮件时穿着戏服，把自己打扮成各种造型，给自己和客户都带来了欢乐。
51．
句意：他和许多顾客交了朋友，并喜欢在工作时与他们交谈。make friends with sb“和某人交朋友”，固定短语。故填friends。
52．
句意：然而，COVID-19开始后，约翰的生活和工作发生了很大变化。根据“when COVID-19 began”可知，时态是一般过去时，空处用动词过去式。故填changed。
53．
句意：他仍然会看到他的顾客，但他必须在一个安全的社交距离与他们交谈。空前空后在句意上存在转折关系，所以用but连接。故填but。
54．
句意：他觉得不像以前那么高兴了。根据than可知，空处用little的比较级less。故填less。
55．
句意：他做什么才能使自己和别人都高兴起来呢？主语和宾语都是同一人称，所以空处用反身代词himself表示“让自己高兴”。故填himself。
56．
句意：他想把微笑“传达”给人们。want to do sth“想要做某事”，固定短语。故填to try。
57．
句意：当人们看到穿着戏服的约翰时，都高兴地笑了。空处修饰动词smiled，应用happy的副词形式happily。故填happily。
58．
句意：第二天，他打扮成古代士兵的样子，大家都很喜欢。soldier是可数名词单数形式，需与不定冠词连用，ancient是元音音素开头的单词，所以用an。故填an。
59．
句意：有些人甚至会守在门窗边等着见他。in order to do sth“为了做某事”，固定短语，作目的状语，故填in。
60．
句意：“很多人都很高兴，期待着我最后穿什么。”邮递员说。look forward to doing sth“期待做某事”，固定短语，所以空处用动名词作宾语。故填seeing。


（十六）（2022·四川眉山·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Peking Opera（京剧）is a traditional form of Chinese culture. In Peking Opera, each character has their face painted in a special way. By looking at the face painting, the audience（观众）can know whether the character is good ___36___ bad.
Where did this kind of face painting come from? An old story told us that it had something to do ___37___ the Prince of Lanling. This prince was one of the four most handsome ___38___（man）in ancient China. Some soldiers in the prince’s army ___39___（think）that he was weak because of his good-looking face. So, to make himself look ___40___（strong）than his appearance, the prince wore a mask with an ugly face painted on it.
Another face painting story was about Li Longji, ___41___ emperor in the Tang Dynasty. He loved opera very much. One day, a clown actor（丑角）fell ill right before a performance. The emperor planned ___42___（play）this role himself. Then he covered his face with a piece of white square jade（玉）so that others wouldn’t be able to recognize ___43___（he）. Ever since then, clown actors ___44___（continue）to paint white squares on their faces.
As time went on, face painting started being ___45___（wide）used to show the characters of different roles. It has become one of the many special art forms of Peking Opera.
【答案】36．or
37．with
38．men
39．thought
40．stronger
41．an
42．to play
43．him
44．have continued
45．widely
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了京剧中脸谱的来源。
36．
句意：通过看人脸画，观众可以知道这个人物是好是坏。根据“whether the character is good…bad”可知，知道人物是好的还是坏的，or“或者”，故填or。
37．
句意：一个古老的故事告诉我们，它与兰陵王子有关。have something to do with“与……有关”，
38．
句意：这位王子是中国古代四大帅哥之一。one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最……之一”，此空应填入man的复数形式men，故填men。
39．
句意：王子军队里的一些士兵认为他很虚弱，因为他长得很好看。根据“was”可知，此句是一般过去时，此处的动词用过去式，故填thought。
40．
句意：所以，为了让自己看起来比外表更强壮，王子戴了一个画着丑陋面孔的面具。look“看起来”，连系动词，后接形容词作表语，根据“than”可知，此空应填形容词比较级，故填stronger。
41．
句意：另一个脸谱的故事是关于唐朝皇帝李隆基的。此处表示“唐朝的一位皇帝”，表泛指，且emperor是以元音音素开头的，故填an。
42．
句意：皇帝打算亲自扮演这个角色。plan to do sth“计划做某事”，动词不定式作宾语，故填to play。
43．
句意：然后他用一块白方玉把脸蒙起来，这样别人就认不出他来了。此空位于动词recognize后，应填代词宾格作宾语，故填him。
44．
句意：从那时起，小丑演员继续在脸上画白色的方块。根据“Ever since then”可知，此句用现在完成时have/has done的结构，主语actors是复数形式，助动词用have，故填have continued。
45．
句意：随着时间的推移，脸谱开始被广泛用于表现不同角色的性格。此空修饰动词used，要用副词，wide对应的副词是widely“广泛地”，故填widely。


（十七）（2022·四川南充·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。

One day, a baby snail found that he had to carry a big and heavy shell at any time. He asked his mother, “Why was I born with a shell? It ____41____ (grow) so hard and heavy.” His mother said, “Because we don’t have bones(骨头) ____42____ (support) us. We move slowly, so we need a shell to protect us.”
The baby snail asked again, “The caterpillar (毛毛虫) has no bones, either, and she can’t move quickly. Why can she live ____43____ a shell?” The mother snail answered ____44____ (patient), “That’s because she will become a butterfly. She can fly high into ____45____ sky which can protect her.”
The baby snail then cried, “We are so poor! We have no ____46____ (protect) like that!” His mother smiled at him, “That’s why we have a shell. My dear, imagine ____47____ we don’t have the shell, what will happen to us? Our bodies will be ____48____ (dry) out by the hot sun and we’ll have nowhere to sleep. What’s ____49____ (bad), we’ll die in the heavy rain. We don’t depend on the sky. We should depend on ____50____ (we).”
【答案】41．grows
42．to support
43．without
44．patiently
45．the
46．protection
47．if
48．dried
49．worse
50．ourselves
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了蜗牛妈妈向宝宝解释蜗牛身上壳的作用的故事。
41．
句意：它长得又硬又重。此句是陈述事实，句子用一般现在时，主语it是第三人称单数形式，动词用三单形式，故填grows。
42．
句意：因为我们没有骨头支撑我们。此处指支撑我们的骨头，用动词不定式作后置定语，故填to support。
43．
句意：为什么她没有壳也能活？根据“The caterpillar (毛毛虫) has no bones, either”及常识可知，毛毛虫是没有壳的，without“没有”，故填without。
44．
句意：蜗牛妈妈耐心地回答。此空修饰动词answered，要用副词，故填patiently。
45．
句意：她可以飞到能保护她的天空 。此处指飞向天空，表特指，用冠词the，故填the。
46．
句意：我们没有那样的保护。no后接名词，protect对应的名词是protection“保护”，故填protection。
47．
句意：亲爱的，想象一下，如果我们没有壳，我们会发生什么？根据“imagine…we don’t have the shell, what will happen to us”可知，如果没有壳会怎样，用if引导条件状语从句，故填if。
48．
句意：我们的身体会被烈日晒干，没有地方睡觉。根据“will be ”及“by the hot sun”可知，此处用一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构，此空应填过去分词，故填dried。
49．
句意：更糟糕的是，我们会死在大雨中。what’s worse“更糟糕的是”，固定搭配，故填worse。
50．
句意：我们应该依靠我们自己。当主语与宾语是同一人称时，宾语用反身代词，故填ourselves。


（十八）（2022·四川自贡·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The willow branch (柳树枝) is a part of the willow tree. In ancient China, willow branches were often used as a parting gift between friends and family ____46____ (member). Even today, willow branches ____47____ (mention) in many cases as a symbol of saying goodbye. Do you know ____48____?
One reason is that willow trees are strong. They can live ____49____ (easy) in any place, wet or dry, north or south. Because of this, giving a willow branch to say goodbye to loved ones is a way to tell them you hope they will get used to ____50____ (they) new living environment.
For another reason, the pronunciation for the willow tree “liu (柳)” is similar ____51____ the character “liu (留)” in Chinese, which means inviting someone ____52____ (stay) —only the tones are different. So ____53____ (offer) a willow branch means asking the other party to live for a longer time, even though we know that they must leave.
It’s said that this custom became popular during the Han Dynasty. At that time, Baqiao, a bridge in Chang’an, today’s Xi’an, was ____54____ common place to say goodbye. People often ______55______ (stop) there and handed willow branches to people who were leaving.
【答案】46．members
47．are mentioned
48．why
49．easily
50．their
51．to
52．to stay
53．offering
54．a
55．stopped
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述在中国古代，朋友分离之时，远走的一方常常会被赠予柳条作为离别礼物的原因。
46．
句意：在古代中国，柳树枝经常被用来作为朋友和家庭成员之间的离别礼物。根据“between friends and”可知用复数名词形成并列结构，表达“成员”用复数名词“members”。故填members。
47．
句意：甚至是今天，柳树枝在很多场合被提及，把它当作离别的象征。根据“today”可知句子是一般现在时，主语“willow branches”是复数概念，主语和动词之间是被动关系，表达“被提及”用一般现在时的被动结构“are mentioned”。故填are mentioned。
48．
句意：你知道是为什么吗？根据后文“One reason is that”及“For another reason”可知后文讲述柳树枝被当作离别的象征的原因，此处句子表达“为什么”，用疑问词“why”。故填why。
49．
句意：不管是潮湿还是干燥，南方还是北方，它们可以在任何地方很容易生存下来。动词“live”用副词修饰，表达“容易地”用“easy”的副词形式“easily”。故填easily。
50．
句意：因此，对爱的人说再见的时候松柳树枝是为了告诉他们，你希望他们能习惯新的居住环境。“new living environment”是名词短语，前面用形容词性物主代词，表达“他们的”用“their”。故填their。
51．
句意：另一个原因是，“柳”的发音和中文里“留”的发音相似，有请某人留下来之意，只是两个字音调不同。句子表达“和某物相似”，用短语“be similar to”。故填to。
52．
句意：另一个原因是，“柳”的发音和中文里“留”的发音相似，有请某人留下来之意，只是两个字音调不同。句子表达“邀请某人做某事”，用短语“invite sb. to do”。表达“留下来，待”，用动词不定式“to stay”。故填to stay。
53．
句意：因此，松柳树枝意味着请另一方在待久一点，即使我们知道他们必须要离开了。根据“a willow branch means”可知句子缺主语，主语表达“主动给”，用动名词“offering”。故填offering。
54．
句意：那时，在长安（现在的西安）的一座桥，叫灞桥，是人们告别常去的地方。句子表达泛指“一个常去的地方”，“common”是辅音因素开始的单词，用不定冠词“a”。故填a。
55．
句意：人们经常在那里停下脚步，给即将离开的人送柳树枝。根据“and handed”可知句子是一般过去时，用动词过去式形成并列，表达“停止”用“stopped”。故填stopped。


【2021年】
A
（2021·湖南怀化市·中考真题）
Li Wen lives with his grandparents in the countryside. He is 1 14-year-old boy. He 2 (work) hard and does well in school. It is hard to believe that he used to have many 3 (problem) in school. When he was a little boy, he hardly caused any trouble. But after his parents went to work in the city, they could not look after him 4 (careful). So Li Wen disliked study 5 missed classes. Then his parents decided 6 (send) him to a new school. However, he was a shy boy and couldn’t make friends quickly. One day, he wanted to leave the school. His parents were very worried 7 him and came back to talk with him. After a long talk, Li Wen realized that his parents loved 8 (he) deeply. He 9 (move) by his parents. Now, he is much 10 (happy) than before. It’s very important for parents to be there for their children.
【答案】
1．a
2．works
3．problems
4．carefully
5．and
6．to send
7．about
8．him
9．was moved
10．happier
【分析】
本文向我们介绍一个14岁的男孩李文过去不喜欢学习，经常缺课，但是在跟父母谈过之后，他意识到父母的爱，现在学习努力，成绩很好。
1．句意：他是一个14岁的男孩。此处泛指一个男孩，用不定冠词修饰，“14”英语表达是fourteen，以辅音音素开头，故填a。
2．句意：他学习努力，成绩很好。本句时态是一般现在时，主语是He，动词用三单，故填works。
3．句意：很难相信他过去在学校有很多问题。many修饰可数名词复数，故填problems。
4．句意：但他的父母去城市工作后，他们不能细心照顾他。此处在句中修饰动词，使用副词形式，故填carefully。
5．句意：所以李文不喜欢学习，缺课。“disliked study”和“missed classes”构成并列结构，用and连接，故填and。
6．句意：后来他的父母决定送他去一所新学校。decide to do sth决定做某事，动词不定式作宾语，故填to send。
7．句意：他的父母很担心他，回来和他谈话。be worried about为……感到担心，故填about。
8．句意：经过长时间的交谈，李文意识到他的父母深深地爱着他。此处在动词后作宾语，用宾格，故填him。
9．句意：他被他的父母感动了。主语He是动作move的承受者，根据前句“realized”可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was moved。
10．句意：现在，他比以前快乐多了。根据“than”可知，此处用形容词比较级作表语，故填happier。
B
（2021·浙江衢州市·中考真题）
They eat wild animals, plants, berries, nuts, and insects. They hunt with bows and arrows. There are lots of dangerous snakes and spiders. It’s one of southern Africa’s 11 (hot) places, and there is often no water. Then they have to get water from plants. 12 they are ill, there are no hospitals. The people have to get medicine from plants too.
They are the San, 13 last people living in the Kalahari. The San people have another name—”bush people”. 14 (they) lifestyle is very simple, but they know more about animals and plants than most people do. The San people live in small groups of 25- 50. They live in huts—little “houses”. These houses 15 (make) of wood and grass. There are no schools for the children. Children learn from the older people in the group. There are lots of things they have to learn so that they can live 16 a dangerous place like the Kalahari. In the evenings, the group of people often sit around a fire and tell stories.
The Kalahari is a big area of bushland in the southern Africa. It 17 (have) two parts. There is less rain in the southern part than in the northern part, 18 the south is drier. There are fewer plants and animals there, and it’s more difficult for people 19 (live). But when it rains at the end of the summer, the land becomes greener and more beautiful. For a few weeks, there are 20 (million) of little flowers and even butterflies!
【答案】
11．hottest
12．When/If
13．the
14．Their
15．are made
16．in
17．has
18．so
19．to live
20．millions
【分析】
文章介绍了喀拉哈里沙漠的地理情况以及在那里生活的最后的居民的生活情况。
11．句意：它是非洲南部最热的地方之一。“one of the+最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”，故填hottest。
12．句意：当/如果他们生病了，没有医院。结合语境，此处表达的是“当/如果他们生病了”，可以用when引导时间状语从句，或用if引导条件状语从句，位于句首首字母要大写，故填When/If。
13．句意：他们是桑人，喀拉哈里沙漠最后的居民。此处指的是“最后的”，last前应用定冠词修饰，故填the。
14．句意：他们的生活方式很简单。空格修饰其后的名词，应用形容词性物主代词，位于句首首字母要大写，故填Their。
15．句意：这些房子是用木头和草建造的。主语与动词之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，陈述事实应用一般现在时的被动，主语是复数名词，be动词用are，故填are made。
16．句意：他们必须学习很多东西才能在喀拉哈里这样危险的地方生存。live in+地点“在……生活”，故此处用介词in，故填in。
17．句意：它有两个部分。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语是it，动词用三单形式，故填has。
18．句意：南方的雨水比北方少，所以南方比较干燥。空格前后句之间是因果关系，是“前因后果”，所以此处用so引导，故填so。
19．句意：生活对人们来说更难了。空格作后置定语修饰前面的名词people，应用不定式作后置定语，故填to live。
20．句意：在几个星期里，会有成千上万的小花，甚至是蝴蝶。空格前没有具体的数字，此处是概数的表达，应用复数形式，故填millions。
C
（2021·河北中考真题）
Hi Alice,
My name’s Zhao Ming and I’d like to be your pen friend. I’m 16 years old. I have two little brothers. They’re very 21 (love). I often help my parents look 22 them in my spare time. My mother 23 (work) in a toy shop. She loves 24 (she) job. And my father is 25 engineer. He is busy every day, 26 he tries to spend more time with us.
I’m in the school basketball team. We usually play 27 (match) on Saturday mornings. Last week, we played against another school. They ran 28 (fast) than us. However, we had better teamwork. Finally, we 29 (win)! How happy we were! This is the 30 (eight) time we beat them.
Could you tell me something about you? Please write.
Best,
Zhao Ming

【答案】
21．lovely
22．after
23．works
24．her
25．an
26．but
27．matches
28．faster
29．won
30．eighth
【分析】
本文是赵明写给爱丽丝的信，信中介绍了自己的家人以及学校篮球队的情况。
21．句意：他们非常可爱。根据“I have two little brothers.”可知，此处修饰两个小弟弟，在句中作表语，故填lovely。
22．句意：在我的业余时间，我经常帮助我的父母照顾他们。根据“I often help my parents look…them in my spare time.”可知，此处是look after“照顾”，故填after。
23．句意：我妈妈在玩具店工作。本句陈述客观事实，时态是一般现在时，主语是My mother，谓语动词用三单，故填works。
24．句意：她热爱她的工作。此处作定语修饰 job，用形容词性物主代词，故填her。
25．句意：我父亲是一名工程师。此处表泛指，用不定冠词，engineer首字母发元音音素，故填an。
26．句意：他每天都很忙，但他试着花更多的时间和我们在一起。前后两句构成转折关系，用but连接，故填but。
27．句意：我们通常在星期六上午比赛。此处不单指一场比赛，表示复数含义，用名词复数，故填matches。
28．句意：他们跑得比我们快。根据“than”可知，此处用副词比较级，故填faster。
29．句意：最后，我们赢了！根据“Last week”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填won。
30．句意：这是我们第八次打败他们。此处作定语修饰time，用序数词，故填eighth。
D
（2021·湖南长沙市·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Henry is 31 American businessman. One day, when he was sailing (航行) on a boat near San Francisco, he was carried out into the sea by a strong wind. 32 (luck), he was discovered and picked up by a London-bound (开往伦敦的) ship. So he 33 (land) in London by accident. Alone and 34 (hunger), he walked on the streets of the city. Unexpectedly, he 35 (call) into a big house. There two rich 36 (brother), Oliver and Roderick, gave him a letter and told 37 (he) not to open it until two o'clock of the day. Henry didn’t know it was a million-pound (百万英镑) bank note. He left the big house and went into a cheap restaurant to get something to eat. Everyone was impolite and impatient to him. Why? 38 he was in rags (衣衫褴褛) and looked dirty. Then, 39 everyone’s surprise, he handed the owner a million-pound bank note to pay for the meal. On seeing the note, all the people in the restaurant became friendly and tried their best 40 (please) Henry. Don’t you think it’s the most unbelievable story in the world?
【答案】
31．an
32．Luckily
33．landed
34．hungry
35．was called
36．brothers
37．him
38．Because
39．to
40．to please
【分析】
文章是马克·吐温的短篇小说《百万英镑》的故事梗概。Henry落难时，有两个富裕的兄弟给了他一张百万英镑的钞票，他在餐馆因衣衫褴褛而遭到不礼貌待遇，而人们又因这百万英镑而去取悦他。
31．句意：Henry是一名美国商人。businessman是可数名词单数，此处泛指一名美国商人，American以元音音素开头，其前用不定冠词an。故填an。
32．句意：幸运的是，他被发现了，并被一艘开往伦敦的船接走了。此处用副词修饰整个句子。luck的副词形式是luckily，意为“幸运地，幸运的是”，句子开头首字母大写。故填Luckily。
33．句意：所以他是偶然在伦敦登陆的。根据上下文可知用过去时态讲述故事，此处用一般过去时，land的过去式是landed。故填landed。
34．句意：他独自一人，饥肠辘辘地走在城市的街道上。and前后表示等同关系，词性保持一致，alone是形容词，此处用hunger的形容词形式hungry表示“饥饿的”。故填hungry。
35．句意：没想到，他被叫进了一所大房子。根据“into a big house”可知是被叫进一所大房子，用被动语态，文章以过去时态讲述故事，用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done，主语“he”后用be动词was。故填was called。
36．句意：在那里富有的兄弟俩，Oliver和Roderick递给他一封信，叫他在凌晨两点前不要打开。由two可知，空处应填名词复数。故填brothers。
37．句意：在那里富有的兄弟俩，Oliver和Roderick递给他一封信，叫他在凌晨两点前不要打开。动词told后接人称代词宾格，he的宾格形式是him。故填him。
38．句意：因为他衣衫褴褛，看起来很脏。根据“Why?”可知此处要回答原因，用because表示“因为”，句子开头首字母大写。故填Because。
39．句意：然后，令大家吃惊的是，他递给店主一张百万英镑的钞票来付饭钱。to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是，固定短语。故填to。
40．句意：看到这张钞票，餐馆里所有的人都变得很友好，尽力取悦亨利。try one’s best to do sth.尽最大努力做某事，此处用动词不定式。故填to please。
E
（2021·四川眉山市·中考真题）
A Chinese dance drama 41 (make) the first appearance on social media platforms abroad already, causing a wave of discussion on the beauty of Chinese culture among art lovers worldwide.
The dance drama Li Bai is 42 classic play made by the China National Opera and Dance Drama Theater. It has touched people all over the world 43 telling the story of Tang Dynasty (618 AD—907 AD) poet Li Bai.
Li Bai was born in 701 AD 44 died in 762 AD．Maybe because he traveled around so much when he was little, he decided 45 (keep) traveling around the land when he was 25 years old. He wanted to learn more about nature and people. He expressed his feelings through the beautiful words in his poems. People 46 (real) liked his poems. Even today people still admire his poems, not only adults, but 47 (child) too. Kids start to learn his poems when they are in primary schools. Li Bai is one of the 48 (important) poets in China. He is just as important as William Shakespeare to the world.
Last month, the dance drama Li Bai 49 (watch) over 5.57 million times. And China has once again carried Chinese culture forward in 50 (it) own way.
【答案】
41．has made
42．a
43．by
44．and
45．to keep
46．really
47．children
48．most important
49．was watched
50．its
【分析】
文章主要介绍了舞剧《李白》和大诗人李白的生平及其影响。
41．句意：一部中国舞剧首次在国外社交媒体平台上亮相，在世界各地的艺术爱好者中引发了一波关于中国文化之美的讨论。根据“already”可知要用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done。主语“A Chinese dance drama”后接助动词has，make的过去分词形式为made。故填has made。
42．句意：舞剧《李白》是中国戏曲舞剧院的经典剧目。此处泛指一部经典剧目，且classic以辅音音素开头，其前用不定冠词a。故填a。
43．句意：它讲述了唐朝(公元618年- 907年)诗人李白的故事，感动了全世界的人们。根据“telling the story of Tang Dynasty (618 AD—907 AD) poet Li Bai”可知此处指通过李白的故事感动全世界的人们，用by表示“通过”。故填by。
44．句意：李白生于公元701年，卒于公元762年。设空处前后表示等同关系，用and连接并列成分。故填and。
45．句意：也许是因为他小时候游历了很多地方，他决定在25岁的时候继续游历。decide to do sth.决定做某事。故填to keep。
46．句意：人们真的很喜欢他的诗。用real的副词形式really修饰动词“liked”。故填really。
47．句意：直到今天，人们仍然欣赏他的诗，不仅是成年人，孩子们也一样。根据“not only adults”可知but后用child的复数形式children，与adults的数保持一致。故填children。
48．句意：李白是中国最重要的诗人之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”意为“最……的……之一”。important是多音节词，其最高级是most important。故填most important。
49．句意：上个月，舞剧《李白》的观看次数超过557万次。主语“the dance drama Li Bai”与watch之间是动宾关系，用被动语态；再由“Last month”可知要用一般过去时被动地语态，其结构为was/were done，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was watched。
50．句意：中国再一次以自己的方式弘扬中华文化。in one’s own way以某人自己的方式，用it的形容词性物主代词形式its表示“它的”。故填its。
F
（2021·浙江台州市·中考真题）
阅读下面的短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的词, 或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Ten-year-old Orion Jean has always known that kindness is important. He often practiced it by volunteering with his family. 51 , after entering the National Kindness Speech Contest, he became more active in it. Now he works to spread kindness everywhere through projects which help others. He calls 52 (he) action the Race to Kindness.
After 53 teacher told him about the contest, Orion had only 24 hours to write, memorize 54 record his speech. In it, he talked 55 the importance of kindness. “Kindness is like spreading hugs around the world to those who need it.” Orion said. He encourages 56 (listener) to join him in “the race of kindness” by doing small, kind acts for others. Orion’s speech won the contest. He used his $500 prize 57 (collect) 619 toys for a local children’s hospital. After that, Orion wanted to make an even 58 (big) influence. In charity he packed meal boxes for people in need including a kind message for each receiver.
Orion says, “If someone is treated 59 (kind), it can make their day brighter and encourage that person to be kind to somebody else. And then it just 60 (grow) and makes the world a better place.”
【答案】
51．However
52．his
53．a
54．and
55．about
56．listeners
57．to collect
58．bigger
59．kindly
60．grows
【分析】
本文讲述了一位十岁的小男孩从小就认为善良很重要，直到现在他还在致力于把善良传播到世界各地。
51．句意：然而，在参加全国慈善演讲比赛后，他变得更加积极。结合句意，前后句为转折关系，空格后有逗号，所以用转折连词however，句首首字母要大写，故填However。
52．句意：他将自己的行动称为“走向善良的竞赛”。空格处修饰名词，应用形容词性物主代词，he他，是人称代词主格，其形容词性物主代词为his，故填his。
53．句意：在一位老师告诉他比赛的情况后，奥瑞恩只有24小时来写作、记忆和录制他的演讲稿。根据句意，这里指一位老师，所以用不定冠词，teacher以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故填a。
54．句意：在一位老师告诉他比赛的情况后，奥瑞恩只有24小时来写作、记忆和录制他的演讲稿。句中write，memorize和record是并列关系，所以用and连接，故填and。
55．句意：在演讲中，他谈到了善良的重要性。talk about sth.意为“谈论某事”，结合句意，故填about。
56．句意：他鼓励听众和他一起参加“走向善良的竞赛”，为他人做一些小而善良的行动。listener听众，是可数名词，结合句意，此处应用复数形式listeners，故填listeners。
57．句意：他用500美元的奖金为当地一家儿童医院收集了619件玩具。use sth. to do sth.意为“使用某物做某事”，故填to collect。
58．句意：在那之后，奥瑞恩想要产生更大的影响。句中even修饰形容词的比较级，big的比较级为bigger，故填bigger。
59．句意：如果有人被善待，它可以使他们的一天更光明，并鼓励该人对别人好。空格处修饰动词treated，应用副词形式，kind善良的，是形容词，其副词形式为kindly，故填kindly。
60．句意：然后它就会成长，让世界变得更美好。根据后面的并列动词makes和主语it可知，谓语动词grow用单三形式grows，故填grows。
G
（2021·浙江宁波市·中考真题）
Susan was tired of having her three children talk back to her. One day, she climbed into her kids’ tree house. It was 61 good place, she thought, for a mother to go on strike（罢工）. She was tired of 62 (drive) them everywhere without thanks and doing more than her share of the work around the house. Until 63 (thing) changed, Susan decided to stay up in the tree.
Susan’s strike got her kids’ attention, 64 course. But that was not all that happened. Word of the fed-up mother spread. Before long, a camera crew from television’s Today Show came into their yard. Now people all across America were going to find 65 who drove the kids’ mother up a tree.
As the cameras worked, the three kids stood with their father near the tree house. Kate, the Today Show host, had a question for 66 (they). “What do you think about your mom on strike in that tree house?” she asked.
“I am kind of embarrassed,” said Misty.
“I’m really shocked, “said Joseph. “I did not think it would go this far. My mom is much 67 (crazy) than we thought.”
Rachel added, “I think mom is so strange 68 I can hardly believe it.”
But Susan had made her point. If the kids 69 (want) her back, they should know what to do. When the TV crew left, the kids went into their house 70 (quick) and got busy. Not long after that Susan climbed down from the tree and went back to being a mom.
【答案】
61．a
62．driving
63．things
64．of
65．out
66．them
67．crazier
68．that
69．wanted
70．quickly
【分析】
本文主要讲述了一位妈妈因为厌倦为家庭付出太多，而收不到任何感谢，一怒之下进行了罢工。后来随着《今日秀》摄制组的到来，事情有了转变。
61．句意：她想，这是一个母亲进行罢工的好地方。句中“place”为单数可数名词，“good”以辅音音素开头，且此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词a，故填a。
62．句意：她厌倦了开车带着他们到处走，却不向她表示道谢，也厌倦了做太多她该做的家务。be tired of doing sth.厌倦做某事，of为介词，后面跟v-ing形式，故填driving。
63．句意：直到事情发生变化，苏珊决定留在树上。句中“thing”意为“事情”，为可数名词，根据句意知应用复数形式，故填things。
64．句意：当然，苏珊的罢工引起了孩子们的注意。由前句“Susan’s strike got her kids’ attention”和句中“course”可知，此句是说苏珊的罢工当然引起了孩子们的注意。of course当然，为固定短语，故填of。
65．句意：现在全美国的人都要找出是谁把孩子的妈妈送上了树。由句中“who drove the kids’ mother up a tree.”可知，此句是说全美国的人正打算找出谁把孩子的妈妈送上树。find out弄明白，查清楚，故填out。
66．句意：《今日秀》的主持人凯特问了他们一个问题。由句中“had a question”可知，此句是说向某人提问。句中“for”为介词，后面跟代词宾格，故填them。
67．句意：我妈妈比我们想象的要疯狂得多。crazy疯狂的，形容词，由句中“than”可知，应用比较级，故填crazier。
68．句意：雷切尔补充说:“我觉得妈妈太奇怪了，我简直不敢相信。”so...that...如此……以至于……，为固定句型，故填that。
69．句意：如果孩子们想要她回来，他们应该知道做什么。句中“if”如果，引导条件状语从句。这里是按正常情况“退一步说”，与现在的事实相反，应用虚拟语气，从句中用一般过去时，故填wanted。
70．句意：当摄制组离开后，孩子们迅速进入他们的房子，开始忙碌起来。句中“went into”为动词短语，应用副词修饰。quick快的，形容词，其副词形式为quickly，意为“快地”，故填quickly。
H
（2021·江苏苏州市·中考真题）
Does my goldfish know who I am?
I think this is a great question. I do spend my days 71 (study) how fish go about their lives. First of all, fish are much smarter than people think. People often talk of goldfish having three-second memories, but in fact they can learn all kinds of things, and remember them 72 quite a long time.
This shouldn’t surprise us too much. Just like other animals, they can find enough to eat, and 73 (know) when it is sale to be out in the open. Being able to learn and remember things helps 74 (they) do this.
Many kinds of fish can tell one from another, according to their group, their relatives, 75 even their own eggs. But fish live in 76 very different world from us. For many kinds of fish, although seeing is important, 77 (sense) such as smell and touch are even more important.
So, does your fish know who you are? I believe your fish will 78 (sure) know when it is feeding time. My own fish become very 79 (excite) when my hand appears near their tank, even before I drop the food in. I’m not sure that your fish will be able to remember what your face 80 (look) like, but I wouldn’t be too surprised if it could remember you in other ways, perhaps by the sound of your footsteps as you walk towards the tank.
【答案】
71．studying
72．for
73．know
74．them
75．and/or
76．a
77．senses
78．surely
79．excited
80．looks
【分析】
文章介绍了鱼比人们想象的聪明得多。人们常说金鱼有三秒的记忆，但事实上它们能学到各种各样的东西，而且能记住很长时间，并且对此做出了解释。
71．句意：我每天都在研究鱼是如何生活的。spend...(in) doing sth“花费时间做某事”，是固定短语，故填studying。
72．句意：人们常说金鱼有三秒的记忆，但事实上它们能学到各种各样的东西，而且能记住很长时间。“quite a long time”是一段时间，应用介词for连接，故填for。
73．句意：就像其他动物一样，它们可以找到足够的东西，并且知道什么时候会被公开出售。and连接并列成分，前面是情态动词can后接动词原形，此处也用动词原形，故填know。
74．句意：能够学习和记忆事物有助于它们做到这一点。空处作动词的宾语，应用宾格，故填them。
75．句意：许多种类的鱼可以根据它们的群体，它们的亲戚，甚至它们自己的卵来区分彼此。根据“their group, their relatives...even their own eggs”可知，此处表达的是一种并列或选择关系，可以用and/or连接，故填and/or。
76．句意：但是鱼和我们生活在一个完全不同的世界里。空格修饰其后的单数名词world，应用不定冠词，very是辅音音素开头的单词，应用a修饰，故填a。
77．句意：对于许多种类的鱼来说，虽然视觉很重要，但嗅觉和触觉等感官更为重要。根据“are”可知，句子主语应是复数名词，故填senses。
78．句意：我相信你的鱼一定会知道什么时候是喂食的时候。空格处修饰的是句中的动词，应用副词形式，故填surely。
79．句意：当我的手出现在我的鱼缸附近时，我的鱼变得非常兴奋。空格处作表语，应用形容词，修饰有生命的鱼，应用ed形容词，故填excited。
80．句意：我不确定你的鱼是否能记住你的脸。句子主语是单数名词face，动词要用三单形式，故填looks。
I
（2021·四川德阳市·中考真题）
According to a recent survey, violence(暴力) did happen in schools. Students showed 81 (they) fear and parents and teachers also expressed their worries about it. Experts hope that 82 whole society pay more attention to the mental health of teenagers.
Nowadays, school violence is a hot problem. I think this is also a big problem 83 needs our great attention. We should make every effort to prevent violence 84 (happen) at school, for more and more students would drop out of school if their personal 85 (safe) couldn’t be guaranteed.
In fact, violence can 86 (learn). Children learn violent behavior from adults or from what they see on television or on the Internet.
If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence with violence, for it will lead to 87 (much) fighting. If I meet with school violence, I 88 (tell) my teachers or parents about it. I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from bad 89 (guy).
All in all, every student should behave well and keep away 90 violence.
【答案】
81．their
82．the
83．which/that
84．happening
85．safety
86．be learned
87．more
88．will tell
89．guys
90．from
【分析】
本文主要关于校园暴力，呼吁大家重视校园暴力问题并提出了面对校园暴力时的做法。
81．句意：学生表现出恐惧，家长和老师也表达了他们的担忧。they他们，人称代词主格，此处指代“Students”；根据空后的“fear”可知，此处填形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
82．句意：专家们希望全社会更加关注青少年的心理健康。根据空后的“whole society”可知，此处可填入定冠词the，表示特指。故填the。
83．句意：我认为这也是一个需要我们高度关注的大问题。本句为定语从句，先行词为“a big problem”，指物，在从句中作主语，可填that或which。故填which/that。
84．句意：我们应该尽一切努力防止校园暴力的发生，因为如果不能保证学生的人身安全，会有越来越多的学生辍学。happen发生，动词；prevent...(from) doing...阻止……做……。故填happening。
85．句意：我们应该尽一切努力防止校园暴力的发生，因为如果不能保证学生的人身安全，会有越来越多的学生辍学。safe安全的，形容词；根据“personal”可知，此处填一个名词，safe的名词为safety。故填safety。
86．句意：事实上，暴力是可以被学来的。learn学习，动词；“violence”与“learn”为被动关于，空前有can，此处为含情态动词的被动语态，结构为：情态动词 + be done。故填be learned。
87．句意：如果我遇到学校暴力，我不会用暴力来回应暴力，因为暴力会导致更多的打斗。根据“If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence with violence, for it will lead to...fighting.”可知，用暴力来回应暴力，会导致更多的打斗，填much的比较级形式more。故填more。
88．句意：如果我遇到校园暴力，我会告诉我的老师或家长。本句为If引导的条件状语从句，根据“主将从现”的原则，从句为一般现在时，主句要用一般将来时。故填will tell。
89．句意：我想他们会帮我处理好的，他们会保护我不受坏人的伤害。guy家伙，可数名词，此处应填其复数形式。故填guys。
90．句意：总之，每个学生都应该表现良好，远离暴力。keep away from表示“远离”，此处表示远离暴力。故填from.
J
（2021·山东枣庄市·中考真题）
Do you like Chinese folk music? Maybe your answer is no, but I like it very much. Last night, a friend of 91 (my) took me to a concert of Chinese folk music. The piece had a simple name, Erquan Yingyue (Moon Relected on Second Spring), which was played on the erhu, especially moved me. The erhu sounded sad 92 to make me almost cry along with it as I listened. 93 the music was strangely beautiful, under the 94 (beautiful) I sensed a strong sadness and pain. Later I looked up the story of Erquan Yingyue, and I began to understand the sadness in the music.
Abing, a folk musician 95 was born in the city of Wuxi in 1893, 96 (write) the music. His mother died when he was very young. He 97 (teach) to play many instruments by his father, and by age 17, Abing was famous 98 his musical ability. However, after his father died, Abing’s life grew 99 (bad). He was very poor. Not only that, he developed a serious illness and became blind. For several years, he had no home. He lived on the streets and played music 100 (make) a living.
【答案】
91．mine
92．enough
93．Although/Though
94．beauty
95．who/that
96．wrote
97．was taught
98．for
99．worse
100．to make
【分析】
本文主要讲了作者听音乐会时被《二泉映月》这首曲子所感动，继而介绍了音乐家阿炳的生平。
91．句意：昨晚，我的一个朋友带我去听了一场中国民间音乐会。根据“a friend of ... (my)”可知此处指我的一个朋友，用my的名词性物主代词形式mine表示“我的”，构成双重所有格。故填mine。
92．句意：二胡的声音听起来很悲伤，让我听着几乎要哭了。adj. enough to do sth.足够……可以做某事。故填enough。
93．句意：虽然音乐异常美丽，在美丽之下，我感觉到强烈的悲伤和痛苦。句子前后是让步关系，用although或though表示“虽然”，引导让步状语从句。句子开头首字母大写。故填Although/Though。
94．句意：虽然音乐异常美丽，在美丽之下，我感觉到强烈的悲伤和痛苦。根据“under the ...”k可知要用名词作宾语，beautiful的名词形式beauty意为“美丽”，不可数名词。故填beauty。
95．句意：这首歌是阿炳写的，他是一位1893年出生在无锡的民间音乐家。先行词“a folk musician”指人，且在从句中作主语，用who或that引导定语从句。故填who/that。
96．句意：这首歌是阿炳写的，他是一位1893年出生在无锡的民间音乐家。根据下文可知以一般过去时讲述阿炳生平，此处用write的过去式wrote。故填wrote。
97．句意：他的父亲教他弹奏许多乐器，17岁时，阿炳就因他的音乐才能而闻名。根据“by his father”及“His mother died when he was very young.”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语“he”后接be动词was，teach的过去分词形式为taught。故填was taught。
98．句意：他的父亲教他弹奏许多乐器，17岁时，阿炳就因他的音乐才能而闻名。根据“his musical ability”可知因音乐才能而出名，be famous for因……而出名。故填for。
99．句意：然而，在他的父亲去世后，阿炳的生活变得更糟。根据“However, after his father died”可知父亲去世后生活比之前更糟糕了，bad的比较级worse意为“更糟糕的”。故填worse。
100．句意：他露宿街头，靠演奏音乐谋生。根据“played music ... (make) a living”可知演奏音乐是为了谋生，用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to make。
K
（2021·四川南充市·中考真题）
Coming home after working for the whole night I lost my wallet. It was 101 (probable) very close to my house but I couldn’t find it and had to cancel my credit cards. I had kept 102 wallet for ten years and it was a Christmas present. It was a bright, red leather wallet. Not every adult is sad about losing something, 103 I was very upset about losing my wallet.
I spoke to my 104 (friend) about my lost wallet. Most of them said I might get the wallet back finally but the money in it would 105 (appear). I had listed all the things in my wallet 106 (get) some new ones.
I came home late the next night and my red wallet was in front of my house. I checked it carefully.
107 everything in my wallet, there was a note. I was surprised when I read the note which said, “I 108 (find) this last night. It was too dark to go through it then, so I came back tonight. I got your address from your license. Sorry. Mike.”
Not only had this man returned my wallet but he was sorry for not bringing it back 109 (early). There was no information about Mike so I couldn’t get in touch with him to say “Thank you”. But I did hope he could know how 110 (thank) I was!
【答案】
101．probably
102．the
103．but
104．friends
105．disappear
106．to get
107．Besides
108．found
109．earlier
110．thankful
【分析】
本文讲述了作者的钱包失而复得的故事。当作者钱包丢了后，人们都认为钱包可能找回来，但是里面的东西却不可能完璧归赵了。但是当作者第二天回家后，却发现了钱包和里面的一张纸条，从这件事情，作者受到很大的激励，相信人间自有正能量的存在。
101．句意：它可能离我家很近，但是我找不到，我不得不取消了我的信用卡。用于句中修饰形容词close，用副词形式，故填probably。
102．句意：这只钱包我已经保存了10年，它是一份圣诞礼物。此处特指这个钱包，用定冠词the修饰，故填the。
103．句意：不是每个成年人都会因为丢了东西而伤心，但我却因为丢了钱包而伤心。前后两句构成转折关系，可用but连接，故填but。
104．句意：我跟我的朋友说了我丢失的钱包的事。根据后文“Most of them”可知，使用名词复数形式，故填friends。
105．句意：他们中的大多数人说，我可能最终会找回钱包，但里面的钱会消失。根据“but”可知，是转折关系，钱包会找回来，但是里面的东西会消失，would后加动词原形，故填disappear。
106．句意：我把钱包里的东西都列了出来，准备买新的。分析“I had listed all the things in my wallet…some new ones.”可知，此处表示目的，用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to get。
107．句意：除了我钱包里的所有东西，还有一张纸条。分析“…everything in my wallet, there was a note”可知，此处表示“除……之外还有”，用besides表示，句首需大写首字母，故填Besides。
108．句意：我昨晚发现了这个。根据“last night”可知，此处用过去式，故填found。
109．句意：这个人不仅把我的钱包还给了我，而且还为没有早点还给我而感到抱歉。分析“Not only had this man returned my wallet but he was sorry for not bringing it back…”可知，此处强调没能更早一点，用副词比较级，故填earlier。
110．句意：但我确实希望他能知道我是多么感激他！此处用于“how+adj+主谓！”结构中，使用形容词形式，故填thankful。
L
（2021·浙江金华市·中考真题）

The top Chinese scientist Yuan Longping, famous for his “Super Rice”, died of illness at the age of 91 111 May 22th, 2021.
Yuan Longping 112 (be) born in Beijing in 1930. For almost 60 years, he had given most of his time and energy to rice research. So far, the hybrid rice(杂交水稻)he developed 113 (pull) millions of people out of hunger all over the world. His achievements were so great 114 he was called “The Father of Hybrid Rice” and won World Food Prize.
During his lifetime, Yuan Longping spent 115 (much)time in the farm field than in his office. He was often seen watching plants 116 (close)and thinking of ways to improve them, just as many Chinese 117 (farmer)do.
Yuan once said he had 118 dream—to “enjoy the cool under the rice plants taller than men”. 119 a pity it is that he can’t continue his dream now! But surely, people believe, his dream 120 (come) true in the near future.
【答案】
111．on
112．was
113．has pulled
114．that
115．more
116．closely
117．farmers
118．a
119．What
120．will come
【分析】
本文简略介绍了杂交水稻之父中国顶尖科学家袁隆平先生伟大的一生。
111．句意：以“超级稻”闻名的中国顶尖科学家袁隆平于2021年5月22日因病去世，享年91岁。根据“May 22th, 2021”可知，这是一个具体日期，应用介词on，故填on。
112．句意：袁隆平1930年生于北京。根据时间状语“ in 1930”可知，应用一般过去时，主语为第三人称单数，所以be动词用was，故填was。
113．句意：到目前为止，他开发的杂交水稻已经使全世界数百万人摆脱了饥饿。根据句中“So far”可知，该句应用现在完成时，其结构为have/has+动词过去分词，主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has，pull过去分词为pulled，故填has pulled。
114．句意：他的成就是如此伟大，以至于他被称为“杂交水稻之父”，并获得世界粮食奖。so…that…意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，结合句意，故填that。
115．句意：生前，袁隆平在农田里的时间比在办公室里的时间多。根据句中“than in his office”可知，此处应用much的比较级more，故填more。
116．句意：人们经常看到他密切观察植物，思考如何改善它们，就像许多中国农民所做的那样。分析句子结构，空格处要修饰动词watching，所以应用副词形式；close近的，为形容词，其副词形式为closely亲密地，故填closely。
117．句意：人们经常看到他密切观察植物，思考如何改善它们，就像许多中国农民所做的那样。farmer农民，为可数名词；根据空格前的many可知，此处应填farmer的复数形式为farmers，故填farmers。
118．句意：袁曾说，他有一个梦想，就是“在比男人高的稻穗下乘凉”。空格后dream意为“梦想”，是可数名词；根据“enjoy the cool under the rice plants taller than men”可知，这里指有一个梦想，dream以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a，故填a。
119．句意：可惜他现在不能继续他的梦想了! 该句为感叹句，根据“a pity…”可知，应用what引导感叹句，其结构为“What +a/an+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!”，句首首字母要大写，故填What。
120．句意：但人们相信，他的梦想一定会在不久的将来实现。根据句中“in the near future”可知，应用一般将来时，其结构为will+动词原形，故填will come。
M
（2021·浙江嘉兴市·中考真题）
In the past, my old grandmother didn’t enjoy talking on the phone. Actually, she hated it so she was always refusing 121 (use) it. She told us that she preferred speaking to people in person. It always 122 (make) her sad that she couldn’t see the person she was talking to. The other day, we chatted with my grandmother, 123 mentioned video calling over the Internet. It 124 (invent) for people to see each other while talking online. Then we came up with 125 idea. We bought her a laptop (笔记本电脑). One of my 126 (cousin) went over to her house and taught her how to use it. 127 (lucky), she was a quick learner.
Now, she enjoys 128 (her) when talking with us every day. She is happy and you can tell from the expression 129 her face. She says it’s also very convenient. She can put it anywhere in the house 130 it is small and doesn’t take up much room. Sometimes she even talks to us while she’s in the kitchen cooking!
【答案】
121．to use
122．made
123．and
124．is invented/was invented
125．an
126．cousins
127．Luckily
128．herself
129．on
130．because/as
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，向我们介绍作者的奶奶学习使用笔记本电脑，这样奶奶就可以经常看到家人、跟家人聊天。
121．句意：事实上，她讨厌它，所以她总是拒绝使用它。refuse to do sth拒绝做某事，故填to use。
122．句意：这总是让她难过，她不能看到她正在说话的人。根据“couldn’t”可知，是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填made。
123．句意：有一天，我们和奶奶聊天，提到了网上视频电话。前后两句构成并列关系，用and连接，故填and。
124．句意：发明它是为了让人们在网上聊天时看到彼此。主语It是动作invent的承受者，用被动语态，此处用一般现在时或一般过去时均可，故填is/was invented。
125．句意：然后我们想到了一个主意。此处泛指“一个主意”，idea首字母发元音音素，故填an。
126．句意：我的一个表姐去她家教她怎么用。one of+名词复数，故填cousins。
127．句意：幸运的是，她学得很快。此处在句中修饰整个句子，用副词形式，句首需大写首字母，故填Luckily。
128．句意：现在，她每天和我们聊天时都很开心。enjoy oneself玩得开心，用其反身代词形式，故填herself。
129．句意：她很高兴，从她脸上的表情就能看出来。on one’s face在某人的脸上，故填on。
130．句意：她可以把它放在房子的任何地方，因为它很小，不占太多的空间。“it is small and doesn’t take up much room”是“She can put it anywhere in the house”的原因，可用because/as引导原因状语从句，故填because/as。
N
（2021·浙江丽水市·中考真题）
Ed, William and Dan are three young men who love music. They’ve left their comfortable homes without taking any 131 (money) or mobile phones. They plan 132 (walk) around the whole Britain, singing for dinner and sleeping anywhere like fields.
Ed and Dan met William when they were at school. They all liked walking. 133 they finished school, Ed went to study art in Paris and became 134 artist. Dan became a gardener and William a bookseller. They were still friends, 135 they weren’t very happy with their lives.
One day they said, “Why don’t we start walking?” And so they did.
They love simple activities 136 the busy, stressful world.
“People often ask 137 (we) why we’re doing this. But you know it’s a great life and we’re learning so much on our journey,” says William 138 (proud).
Last year they started a website to tell people a lot of stories about their walks. This year they’d like to make videos and tell 139 (many) stories. Next year, they 140 make CD of their songs and star charity. The future looks good.
【答案】
131．money
132．to walk
133．After/When
134．an
135．but
136．in
137．us
138．proudly
139．more
140．will make/are going to make
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，像我们介绍了Ed、William和Dan三人的故事。
131．句意：他们离开舒适的家，没有带任何钱或手机。money不可数名词，在句中作宾语，故填money。
132．句意：他们计划周游整个英国，晚餐唱歌，在田野之类的任何地方睡觉。plan to do sth计划做某事，使用动词不定式作宾语，故填to walk。
133．句意：毕业后/当毕业时，艾德去巴黎学习艺术，成为了一名艺术家。分析“…they finished school, Ed went to study art in Paris”可知，此处表示“……之后/当……时”，在句中引导时间状语从句，故填After/When。
134．句意：毕业后/当毕业时，艾德去巴黎学习艺术，成为了一名艺术家。此处泛指一名艺术家，使用不定冠词修饰，artist首字母发元音音素，故填an。
135．句意：他们仍然是朋友，但他们对自己的生活不太满意。前后两句构成转折关系，使用but连接，故填but。
136．句意：他们喜欢在忙碌而充满压力的世界里进行简单的活动。in the…world在……的世界里，故填in。
137．句意：人们经常问我们为什么要这么做。此处在动词后作宾语，用we的宾格us，故填us。
138．句意：威廉自豪地说。用于句中修饰动词says，用proud的副词形式proudly，故填proudly。
139．句意：今年他们想制作视频，讲述更多的故事。分析上下文，强调去年和今天的对比，用many的比较级more修饰stories，故填more。
140．句意：明年，他们将制作他们的歌曲和明星慈善的CD。根据“Next year”可知，是一般将来时，用will do/be going to do表示，主语是they，be动词用are，故填will make/are going to make。
O
（2021·四川自贡市·中考真题）
During the unusual winter holiday in 2020, we stayed at home for two 141 (month) because of COVID-19. But my father, a member of the Communist Party of China, didn’t stay 142 us at home for too long.
When my dad heard about some 143 (use) work, he became a volunteer in a rural area to help check people’s information and spread knowledge about COVID-19. As the situation became much 144 (bad), 24-hour traffic checkpoints were set up on the main roads to the village. There was only 145 simple tent, a few chairs and two heaters for volunteers 146 (spend) the night. The winter night was very cold and the volunteers could hardly sleep. But my father 147 (final) chose to stay because he wanted to guard the gate for other people.
Dad 148 (join) the Party a few years ago. At first, I didn’t know much about it. After the pandemic, I learned that the Party members are people 149 will step forward when China is in trouble. When I grow up, I want to become one of 150 (they). Even if I am not a Party member, I will make contributions to our society, making it a much better place.
【答案】
141．months
142．with
143．useful
144．worse
145．a
146．to spend
147．finally
148．joined
149．who/that
150．them
【分析】
文章主要讲作为一名共产党员，作者的爸爸在新冠肺炎疫情期间作志愿者来帮助有需要的人。
141．句意：在2020年这个不寻常的寒假里，我们因为新冠肺炎在家里待了两个月。基数词two后接可数名词复数，month的复数形式为months。故填months。
142．句意：但是我的父亲，一个中国共产党党员，并没有和我们在家里待太久。根据“he became a volunteer in a rural area to help check people’s information and spread knowledge about COVID-19”可知没有和我们在家待太久，用with表示“和……一起”。故填with。
143．句意：当我的父亲听说了一些有用的工作后，他成为了一名志愿者，去农村帮助检查人们的信息，传播新冠肺炎知识。名词“work”前用use的形容词形式useful表示“有用的”，在句中作定语。故填useful。
144．句意：由于情况变得更糟，在通往村庄的主要道路上设立了24小时交通检查站。much后接形容词bad的比较级worse，在句中作表语。故填worse。
145．句意：只有一个简单的帐篷、几把椅子和两个取暖器供志愿者过夜。此处泛指一个帐篷，simple以辅音音素开头，其前用不定冠词a。故填a。
146．句意：只有一个简单的帐篷、几把椅子和两个取暖器供志愿者过夜。帐篷、椅子、取暖器是用来供志愿者度过夜晚的，用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to spend。
147．句意：但我父亲最终选择留下，因为他想为其他人守住大门。主语与谓语动词之间用final的副词形式finally修饰动词chose。故填finally。
148．句意：爸爸几年前入党了。根据“a few years ago”可知要用一般过去时，join的过去式为joined。故填joined。
149．句意：在疫情发生后，我了解到，中国有困难的时候，共产党员是挺身而出的人。此处是定语从句修饰先行词“people”，先行词指人，且在从句中作主语，用who或that引导定语从句。故填who/that。
150．句意：当我长大后，我想成为他们中的一员。介词of后接they的宾格形式them，one of them他们中的一个。故填them。
P
（2021·浙江湖州市·中考真题）
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Your dog is barking, but you can’t hear it! Your best friend is telling you 151 joke, but you can’t catch it! 152 terrible! The people who have hearing loss 153 (consider) deaf.
It’s not easy being deaf, and although some kids are born deaf, many others lose their hearing later on. So it’s important to know how 154 (be) a good friend with anyone in the Deaf community. Here are some ways.
Be patient and do not give up on a friend 155 hearing loss. If you repeat what you are saying 156 (loud), and it isn’t helping your Deaf friend, try to write it down or use signals instead.
Also, remember that deafness isn’t the same as being stupid. Deaf kids are just as smart as anyone else. Don’t treat your Deaf friends like they are not very smart. 157 they can’t hear you, there’s nothing wrong with their brain.
Don’t forget about texts, 158 (email), and so on. These are much 159 (good) ways to keep in touch with your Deaf friend than phone calls. If the two of you can sign, a video call is great!
It’s fun to communicate with others. We should support all of 160 (we) friends, and make new ones!
【答案】
151．a
152．How
153．are considered
154．to be
155．with
156．loudly
157．Although/Though
158．emails
159．better
160．our
【分析】
文中介绍了和聋人做朋友的一些方法。
151．句意：你最好的朋友在给你讲笑话，但是你听不到！此处泛指讲一个笑话，joke以辅音音素开头，其前用不定冠词a。故填a。
152．句意：多么糟糕啊！根据“... terrible!”可知此处是感叹句，中心词是形容词，用“How+形容词！”结构。故填How。
153．句意：有听力损失的人被认为是聋的。主语“The people”与动词consider之间是动宾关系，陈述一般事实用一般现在时，一般现在时的被动语态结构为am/is/are done，主语“The people”是复数，be动词用are，consider的过去分词形式为are considered。故填are considered。
154．句意：所以知道如何成为聋人团体的好朋友是很重要的。know后用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语。故填to be。
155．句意：耐心点，不要放弃有听力障碍的朋友。根据“a friend ... hearing loss”可知此处指有听力障碍的朋友，用with表示“有”。故填with。
156．句意：如果你大声重复你说的话，这并没有帮助你的聋人朋友，试着把它写下来或使用信号代替。分析句子结构可知要用loud的副词形式loudly表示“大声地”，修饰动词“saying”。故填loudly。
157．句意：虽然他们不能听到你的声音，但他们的大脑没有任何问题。前后句之间是让步关系，用although或though引导让步状语从句，句子开头首字母大写。故填Although/Though。
158．句意：不要忘记短信、电子邮件等等。根据“texts”可知此处email要用复数形式emails。故填emails。
159．句意：这些是比打电话更好的与你的聋人朋友保持联系的方法。程度副词much后接形容词good的比较级better，在句中作定语修饰“ways”。故填better。
160．句意：我们应该支持我们所有的朋友，并结交新朋友！根据空后“friends”可知此处用we的形容词性物主代词our表示“我们的”。故填our。
Q
（2021·四川乐山市·中考真题）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
A young couple chose to go camping in the mountains to celebrate their first year of marriage （结婚）. They took with them all the things they would need to camping一warm clothes, food and 161 tent.
They went up to the mountains 162 found the perfect place to set up their tent. After that, they decided 163 (go) for a walk to more of the mountains.
After a long walk, they went back to 164 （they）camp, built a fire and cooked dinner.
165 ( final）, it was time to go to sleep.
Sometime in the middle of the night, the wife 166 (wake) her husband up and said: “ I look up at the sky. What do you see? ”
Her husband answered, “I see 167 （million) of stars.”
His wife said: “That’s right. What does that mean to you? ”
The husband said; “Well, if there are so many stars out there, that means there might also be a planet just 168 ours, and if that’s true, then there could be life on one of those 169 (planet). That’s kind of 170 （excite)! ”
His wife said: “You are wrong. It means that someone else has stolen our tent! ”
【答案】
161．a
162．and
163．to
164．their
165．Finally
166．woke
167．millions
168．like
169．planets
170．exciting
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一对年轻夫妇决定去山上露营，庆祝他们的结婚周年。夜晚在山上露营时，小偷把他们的帐篷偷走了。
161．句意：他们带上露营所需的所有东西，保暖的衣服，食物和帐篷。根据句意，空处的词表示泛指，且test是以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
162．句意：他们去了山上，找到了最适合搭帐篷的地方。分析句中的动词“went和found”可知，表示递进关系，应用and连接。故填and。
163．句意：在那之后，他们决定去山上更多的地方散步。决定干某事：decide to do sth.。故填to。
164．句意：走了很长一段路后，他们回到他们的营地，生了火，做了晚餐。空处的词是修饰名词，应用形容词性的物主代词；they，他们，对应的形容词性的物主代词是their。故填their。
165．句意：最后，是时候睡觉了。根据句意，空处的词是修饰整个句子，应是副词；final，形容词，最好的，对应的副词是finally，句首首字母大写。故填Finally。
166．句意：半夜的某个时候，妻子叫醒丈夫说：“我抬头看天。你看到了什么？”句子是叙述过去的事情，应是一般过去时，动词应用过去式；wake的过去式是woke。故填woke。
167．句意：她丈夫回答：“我看到数百万的星星”。millions of，数百万，固定搭配。故填millions。
168．
句意：丈夫说：“好吧，如果外面有这么多的星星，那就意味着可能也有一颗像我们的这样的行星”。根据语境和空后名词性物主代词ours提示可知，应是像我们的行星这样的行星，故空处应是介词like，像……样。故填like。
169．句意：如果这是真的，那么其中一个星球上可能有生命。one of+名词复数，表示“……中之一”，故空处名词应用复数形式planets。故填planets。
170．句意：真令人兴奋！根据空前“kind of”的提示可知，空处应是形容词；excite，激动，动词；结合主语“that” 可知，空处的形容词应用exciting。故填exciting。
【2020年】
2020年中考真题英语分项汇编
专题19 短文填空
考点3 杂糅型填空
Passage 1（2020 •贵州省黔东南州）
用括号中所给词的适当形式填空或根据汉语提示写单词（注意词形变化）完成各小题, 每空不超过两词。并将正确答案用0. 5毫米黑色签字笔填入答题卡相应的位置上。
Hi, I’m Susan. I’m studying French at a summer school. First, I want to talk about my French teacher, Jenny. She’s from Nice in the southeast of France. Jenny likes ___76___(棒球). On weekends, she often plays it in the sports club. She’s ___77___(friend)and very humorous. It’s not hard ___78___(understand)what she says.
Next, I’ll introduce my classmate, Miko, an eleven-year-old ___79___(Japan) girl. She is a top student in our class. She’s very hard-working and ___80___(严肃、稳重的). Every day, she spends much time in ___81___ (read) aloud, so her pronunciation is wonderful. She doesn’t talk too much, but she is a kind and helpful girl. Once I ___82___(ask) to read a text. I did it so ___83___(bad) that some of my classmates laughed at me. At that time I wanted to give up French. Miko ____84____(encourage)me and helped me to correct my pronunciation. ____85____(没有) her help, I couldn’t improve my pronunciation so much. I feel very lucky to have such a kind classmate.
【文章大意】本文介绍了作者的法语老师的兴趣爱好和特点，同时介绍了自己的同班同学，作者的同学话不多，但是乐于助人，在学习给予了作者很多帮助。
76. baseball【解析】句意：珍妮喜欢棒球。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用baseball，baseball是可数名词，此处不表示棒球数量，所以用单数形式。故填baseball。
77. friendly 【解析】句意：她是友好的而且很幽默。句中and是并列连词，humorous是形容词，所以此处也使用形容词；friend是名词，形容词形式为friendly，意为“友好的”。故填friendly。
78. to understand【解析】句意：她说的话不难理解。understand是动词，意为“理解”；根据句中“It’s not hard”可知，此处是it’s (not) adj.+ to do sth.做某事（不）是……的，所以此处使用动词不定式to understand。故填to understand。
79. Japanese【解析】句意：接下来，我要介绍我的同学，美子，一个11岁的日本女孩。句中girl是名词，所以此处需要形容词对其进行修饰；Japan是名词，其形容词形式为Japanese，意为“日本的”。故填Japanese。
80. serious【解析】句意：她非常勤奋和稳重。
根据汉语提示可知，此处使用serious；serious是形容词，此处作表语。故填serious。
81. reading【解析】句意：每天，她花很多时间大声朗读，所以她的发音很好。read是动词，意为“读”；根据句中“she spends much time in”可知，此处是sb. spend time in doing sth.某人花时间做某事，所以此处使用read的动名词形式。故填reading。
82. was asked【解析】句意：有一次我被要求读一篇课文。ask是动词，意为“要求”；句中主语是I，主语I与ask之间是被动关系，即：我被要求读课文；被动语态结构为be done，句中有once，所以时态为一般过去时，所以be动词使用was，ask的过去分词为asked。故填was asked。
83. badly【解析】句意：我做得很糟糕，以致于我的一些同学嘲笑我。句中did是动词，所以此处需要副词对其进行修饰；bad是形容词，其副词形式为badly，意为“糟糕地”。故填badly。
84. encouraged【解析】句意：美子鼓励我，并帮助我纠正我的发音。encourage是动词，意为“鼓励”；根据句中helped可知，句中时态为一般过去时，所以此处使用encourage的过去式。故填encouraged。
85. Without【解析】句意：没有她的帮助，我不可能把我的发音提高这么多。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用without；without是介词，without her help在句中作条件状语。故填Without。

Passage 2（2020 •浙江省湖州市）

阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
When teacher Margret Atkins, 39, went to ride her bike to school last Friday, she was shocked to discover it ___43___ (steal). When our reporter spoke to her, she told him that she'd been angry when she realized he bike was gone. It was quite ___44___ old bike her grandpa had given her years ago. She said it was ___45___(valuable) gift she'd ever received.
So what did she do? She decided ___46___(write) a note to the thief and put it where the bike had been taken away. To her surprise, she ___47___(find) the thief had returned the bike, together with a written apology(道歉) later that day. "What I did was ___48___(complete) wrong. 1'm really sorry I took your bike. Hope you can accept ___49___ (I)apology!"
Mrs. Atkins told reporters she was not going to call the police ___50___ she was no longer angry. She was just thankful that she could go to school on her bike again. She added that she'd probably write another passage to the thief. "I want to thank him ___51___ returning the bike and tell him I've forgiven(原谅) him," she explained. "People sometimes make ____52____(mistake), but the important thing is that they own up to(承认) what they've done," she said.
【文章大意】本文讲述了玛格丽特·阿特金斯老师自行车被偷了，刚开始很生气，但当天晚些时候发现小偷归还了自行车后，便决定不再报警，因为她认为人有时会犯错，但重要的是他们要敢于承认自己所做的事。
43. was stolen【解析】句意：上周五，39岁的玛格丽特·阿特金斯老师骑自行车去学校时，她震惊地发现自行车被偷了。考查动词。根据句意主语it和谓语动词steal之间是被动关系，又因为全文是用一般过去时叙述，所以此句应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were+动词的过去分词，故填was stolen。
44. an【解析】句意：那是她爷爷多年前给她的一辆很旧的自行车。考查冠词。此句指“一辆很旧的自行车”，表示泛指，所以用不定冠词，又因为old以元音素开头，所以用不定冠词an，故填an。
45. the most valuable【解析】句意：她说这是她收到的最有价值的礼物。考查形容词。根据句中she'd ever received，可知这是她收到的最有价值的礼物，所以应用形容词的最高级形式，valuable为多音节词，其最高级为the most valuable，故填the most valuable。
46. to write【解析】句意：她决定给小偷写张便条，把它放在自行车被拿走的地方。考查动词。“决定做某事”为decide to do sth.，其中动词不定式作宾语，故填to write。
47. found【解析】句意：令她吃惊的是，当天晚些时候，她发现小偷还了自行车，还附上了一份书面道歉信。
考查动词。因为全文是用一般过去时叙述，所以此句应用一般过去时，find的过去式为found，故填found。
48. completely【解析】句意：我所做的完全错了。考查副词。此处要修饰形容词wrong，副词修饰形容词，所以应用complete的副词形式completely，故填completely。
49. my【解析】句意：希望你能接受我的道歉!考查形容词性物主代词。此处要修饰名词，所以应用I的形容词性物主代词my，故填my。
50. because【解析】句意：阿特金斯夫人告诉记者，她不打算报警，因为她不再生气了。
考查从属连词。根据句意前后两句是因果关系，“she was no longer angry”表示原因，所以用because连接，故填because。
51. for【解析】句意：我想感谢他还车，并告诉他我原谅了他。考查介词。thank sb. for doing sth.意为“为做某事感谢某人”，故填for。
52. mistakes【解析】句意：人有时会犯错，但重要的是他们要承认自己所做的事。
考查名词。“犯错误”为make a mistake或make mistakes，根据主语people可知用复数形式，故填mistakes。
Passage 3（2020 •浙江省金华市）

Last week, he ___46___(come) to visit us in Canada. But he was very disappointed when he found nobody here could play chess with ___47___ (he).
One day, when I came back from school, I found my grandpa was sitting ___48___(quiet) in a chair, doing nothing. I knew he was lonely. Why not teach him to play online chess on my computer? I thought.
"Grandpa, someone is waiting ___49___ you to play chess." I went to him and said.
"Really?" he said, his eyes opening wide. "Who? And where?
I took him to ___50___ computer in my room and said, "Right here." Then I taught him how to use the Internet and how ___51___ (play) chess online. At first, he was slow. Having tried several times, he became better and began to play chess with people from around the world.
"___52___ interesting it is! This is simply fantastic!" he cried excitedly.
Now he is quite good at playing chess online and has made a lot of ___53___ (friend) on the Internet at the same time. My grandfather is much ___54___ (happy)than before.
Grandpa will go back home soon. I believe the time when we played online chess together was so great ____55____ both of us will never forget.
【文章大意】本文主要叙述我教爷爷使用网络的故事。
46. came【解析】句意：上周，他来加拿大看望我们。come动词，翻译为“来”。根据句中时间状语Last week可知，本句时态是一般过去时，所以用其过去式形式。故填came。
47. him【解析】句意：但是当他发现这里没有人能和他下象棋时，他非常失望。he人称代词主格，翻译为“他”。此处用于介词with后，所以用其宾格形式。故填him。
48. quietly【解析】句意：有一天，当我从学校回来时，我发现爷爷静静地坐在椅子上，什么也没做。
quiet形容词，翻译为“安静的”。此处用于句中修饰谓语动词was sitting，所以用其副词形式。故填quietly。
49. for【解析】句意：爷爷，有人等着你下象棋呢分析句子可知，此处表示“等待……”，构成wait for…短语。故填for。
50. the【解析】句意：我把他带到我房间的电脑前，说：“就在这里。”分析句子可知，此处特指我房间中的电脑，可用定冠词the表特指。故填the。
51. to play【解析】句意：然后我教他如何使用互联网和如何在网上下棋。play动词，翻译为“下（棋）”。此处构成“疑问词+to do”结构，所以用其不定式形式。故填to play。
52. How【解析】句意：真有趣啊！分析句子可知，此处构成感叹句“How+ adj+主语+谓语！”句型，用于句首需大写首字母。故填How。
53. friends【解析】句意：现在他很擅长网上下棋，同时也在网上交了很多朋友。friend名词，翻译为“朋友”。其前有a lot of修饰，所以用其名词复数形式。故填friends。
54. happier【解析】句意：我爷爷比以前快乐多了。happy形容词，翻译为“开心的”。此处用于句中作表语，又因为其后有比较级标志词than，所以用其形容词比较级形式。故填happier。
55. that【解析】句意：我相信我们一起玩网络象棋的时光是如此美好，以至于我们都不会忘记。分析句子可知，此处构成“so…that…”，翻译为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。

Passage 4（2020 •浙江省宁波市）

阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的词, 或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Last summer I got the chance to spend a month helping out in a hospital in Africa. I had one year left at school, and I was ___61___ (interest) in studying medicine at university.
It was a month that changed my life. I ___62___ (introduce) to a world that is very different to mine in so many ways. I was shocked at how poor so many ___63___ (family) over there are and how difficult their lives can be. But I was also surprised at how positively people spend ___64___ (they) daily lives.
The way they come together and help each other is a real inspiration, and something I think a lot of us here in the UK have forgotten. I think many of us don't realize ___65___lucky we are. My work in the hospital was hard. Not only did I spend a lot of time cleaning floors, but ___66___ I got to spend some time looking after the patients. And I got the chance ___67___ (talk) to some doctors and ask them about the job. I saw some truly awful things in the hospital, ___68___ none of them changed my mind about being a doctor. ___69___ fact, they only made me more determined to do medicine!
When I finish, I know ____70____ I'm going to do: I want to work for an international organization like the Red Cross. I can't wait to get started.
【文章大意】本文讲述了作者在非洲一家医院工作一个月后的心得和感受，并且更加坚定了自己的职业目标的故事。
61. interested【解析】句意：我对在大学学习医学很感兴趣。考查形容词。be interested in意为“对……感兴趣”，根据句意，故填interested。
62. was introduced【解析】句意：我被介绍到了一个与我的世界在很多方面都非常不同的世界。
考查动词。根据句意可知主语和谓语动词是被动关系，又因为本文讲述的过去的事情，所以该句应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were+动词的过去分词，故填was introduced。
63. families【解析】句意：我感到震惊的是，那里有那么多的家庭如此贫困，他们的生活有多么艰难。
考查名词。so many意为“如此多的”，后面跟可数名词复数形式，family复数形式为families，故填families。
64. their【解析】句意：但我也惊讶于人们如何积极地度过他们的日常生活。
考查形容词性物主代词。此处要修饰名词lives，所以应用they的形容词性物主代词their，故填their。
65. how【解析】句意：我想我们很多人都没有意识到我们有多幸运。考查感叹句。根据句意指“我们有多幸运”，是个感叹句，又根据感叹句结构What+(a/an)+形容词+名词或How +adj./adv.+主语+谓语，可知应用how引导感叹句，故填how。
66. also【解析】句意：我不仅花了很多时间打扫地板，还花了一些时间照顾病人。考查副词。not only…but also…意为“不仅……而且……”，根据句意，故填also。
67. to talk【解析】句意：我有机会和一些医生交谈，询问他们有关工作的情况。考查动词。get the chance to do sth.意为“得到做某事的机会”，根据句意，故填to talk。
68. but【解析】句意：我在医院里看到了一些非常可怕的事情，但都没有改变了我做医生的想法。
考查并列连词。根据句意前后两句是转折关系，所以用连词but，故填but。
69. In【解析】句意：事实上，他们只会让我更加坚定地去做医学!考查介词。in fact为固定搭配，意为“事实上”，句首首字母要大写，故填In。
70. what【解析】句意：当我完成后，我知道我要做什么：我想为红十字会这样的国际组织工作。考查疑问词。根据句意指“我知道我要做什么”，所以用what引导宾语从句，故填what。
Passage 5（2020 •浙江省台州市）

阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的词, 或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Beth Jones was only eight years old when she first tried playing the drums. This was during a lunchtime music club at school, which she only went to because it was snowing ___51___ (heavy). Of all the musical instruments, the drums were ___52___ (interesting) to Beth. She thought it was cool that there were many different shapes and sizes of drums, and she wanted to hit ____53____ (they), to see what they sounded like.
Now, Beth is thirteen and gives concerts around the country. She also has her own YouTube channel and ___54___ (get)over a million hit a year. What's amazing is that Beth hasn't ever been to ___55___ drum lesson. "You can learn anything on the Internet, so I've never felt it was important for me to take classes, "explains Beth.
Giving concerts wasn't easy for Beth in the beginning because usually she only played drums alone in her bedroom when she came home ___56___ school. At her first concert, she played in a band with many ___57___ (adult). She could feel hundreds of pairs of eyes looking at her, ___58___ that made her feel afraid.
So, does Beth enjoy ___59___(be) famous now? "I didn't plan to be famous, " she says. "All I want is to show others what I love. I don't think I'm someone special. I just want everyone____60____ (have) a great time at my concerts.
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述贝丝在8岁时因一次偶然机会发现打鼓很有趣，她没有参加过任何培训课程，但她通过自己努力自学并成功举办了音乐会，并且她自己的YouTube频道点击量已超百万。她希望每个人都能在她的音乐会上玩得开心。
51. heavily【解析】句意：那是在学校一个音乐俱乐部的午餐时间，她只是因为下大雪才去的。
分析句子成分，“snow”下雪，是动词，需要副词来修饰，heavy的副词是heavily，故答案是heavily。
52. the most interesting【解析】句意：在所有的乐器中，鼓对贝丝来说是最有趣的。根据“Of all the musical instruments”可知，三者或三者以上作比较，本句要采用最高级，interesting的最高级是the most interesting，故答案是the most interesting。
53. them【解析】句意：她觉得有很多不同形状和大小的鼓很酷，她想敲它们，看看它们听起来怎么样。
因hit是动词，其后需要跟一个宾语，they是人称代词主格，其宾格是them，故答案是them。
54. gets【解析】句意：她也有自己的YouTube频道，每年的点击量超过100万次。根据“She also has her own YouTube channel ”可知是一般现在时，and后面的动词也要是用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故动词用第三人称单数形式，故答案是gets。
55. a【解析】句意：令人惊奇的是贝丝从来没有上过一节打鼓课。根据后面的“drum lesson”名词单数可知，这里需要一个修饰单数的冠词，表泛指，因drum是辅音音素开头的单词，故答案是a。
56. from/after【解析】句意：一开始，贝丝举办音乐会并不容易，因为她通常只在放学回家后一个人在卧室里打鼓。根据“she came home ”提示可推断，这里指的是放学回家，即from/after school，故答案是from/after。
57. adults【解析】句意：在她的第一场音乐会，她和许多成人在一个乐队演奏。根据“many”许多，可知，后面的名词要用复数形式，adult的复数是adults，故答案是adults。
58. and【解析】句意：她能感觉到成百上千双眼睛在看着她，这让她感到害怕。根据空前和空后的句意可知，这两句之间是顺承关系，故需要并列连词来连接，and表承接，故答案是and。
59. being【解析】句意：所以，贝丝现在享受成名吗？根据enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事，可知此处要填be的动名词being，故答案是being。
60. to have【解析】句意：我只是希望大家在我的音乐会上玩得开心。根据want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事，可知，此处要填动词不定式，故答案是to have。
Passage 6（2020 •浙江省嘉兴市）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
My brother Claudio is one of the people I love most. He is wise and always helpful, taking care of me and ___56___(we) young sister, Sarah. The day when he left home to go to college, I ___57___(teach) the importance of being a man.
It was a ___58___(rain) Saturday morning in August. We were woken up by the sound of Sarah playing the piano as usual. In the kitchen, there was ___59___ surprise for Claudio — his favorite pancakes.
Mom gave us a big smile and told us ___60___(sit) down for the breakfast. This was an important day for all of us!
While we ___61___(eat) breakfast, Claudio went upstairs to collect his things. I suddenly heard him calling my name. When I walked ___62___ the room we shared, I found Claudio sitting at my bedside. “It’s time, brother,” he said. I thought he was saying that it was time for him to leave the house, ___63___ in fact he told me that I should take on a bigger role in the family from then on. He said I should do ___64___(many) for Mom than before after he was gone.
I thought about his words very ____65____(careful) and then understood everything. That day I learned about family, love and duty.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲的是作者哥哥准备出门求学的那天，就作者在家中扮演更重要角色进行提醒的故事。
56. our【解析】句意：照顾我和我们的妹妹莎拉。空格处所给参考单词为we。根据句意及句子结构，空格处应填入形容词性物主代词，修饰名词sister，人称代词we的形容词性物主代词形式为our，意为“我们的”，符合句意，故答案为our。
57. was taught【解析】句意：我被教会了做一个男人的重要性。空格处所给参考单词为teach。根据句意及句子结构，I和动词teach之间是动宾关系，故应用被动语态，且叙述的事情已经发生过，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，即was taught。故答案为was taught。
58. rainy【解析】句意：那是八月一个下雨的星期六早晨。空格处所给参考单词为rain。根据句意及句子结构，空格处应填入意为“下雨的”形容词，修饰名词Saturday morning。动词rain可转换为形容词rainy，意为“下雨的”，符合句意，故答案为rainy。
59. a【解析】句意：在厨房里，有一个给克劳迪奥的惊喜——他最喜欢的煎饼。根据句意及句子结构，空格处应填入不定冠词，表泛指，空格后名词surprise以辅音音素开头，故应用不定冠词a。故答案为a。
60. to sit【解析】句意：妈妈给了我们一个大大的微笑，让我们坐下来吃早饭。空格处所给参考单词为sit。tell sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“叫某人做某事”，符合句意，故答案为to sit。
61. were eating【解析】句意：我们吃早饭的时候，克劳迪奥上楼去收拾东西。空格处所给参考单词为eat。根据句意及句子结构，空格处所在从句时态为过去进行时，即“were +现在分词”结构，故答案为were eating。
62. into【解析】句意：当我走进我们共用的房间时，我发现克劳迪奥坐在我的床边。根据下文I found Claudio sitting at my bedside可知，此处指的是“我”走进我们共有的房间后，发现克劳迪奥坐在“我”的床边。walk into意为“走进去”，符合句意，故答案为into。
63. but【解析】句意：但事实上他告诉我，从那时起，我应该在家庭中扮演更重要的角色。根据前句I thought he was saying that it was time for him to leave the house和后句in fact he told me that I should take on a bigger role in the family from then on，“我”所想的和实际发生的有出入，故应用连词but表转折，故答案为but
64. more【解析】句意：他说他走后我应该为妈妈做更多的事。空格处所给参考单词为many。根据句中than before提示，空格处应用many的比较级more，故答案为more。
65. carefully【解析】句意：我仔细地考虑了他的话，然后明白了一切。空格处所给参考单词为careful。根据句子结构，空格处应填入副词，修饰动词短语thought about。形容词careful的副词形式为carefully。故答案为carefully。
2020年中考真题英语分项汇编
专题20 短文填空
考点4 杂糅型填空
Passage 1（2020 •遵义市）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
In the US, the ____41____ (sixteen) birthday is special. People usually have ____42____ (importance) celebrations for teenagers. That is ____43____ the party is their first step to be an adult. Some of the parties are very big celebrations and cost a lot of money. Everyone ____44____ (wear) beautiful clothes. These parties ____45____ (hold) in hotels and there are even music group playing. People usually give gifts ____46____ the sixteen-year-olds. Some gifts can be very expensive. The young people enjoy ____47____ (they) at the party with singing and dancing. However, other parties are simpler and people just have them at home. Sometimes ____48____ (family) celebrate them in other ways, such as going on a special trip together, watching ____49____ interesting movie or eating a big meal in a nice restaurant. How do you plan _____50_____(celebrate) your birthday?
这是一篇说明文，文章介绍在美国庆祝16岁生日的方式。
41. sixteenth【解析】句意：在美国，16岁生日是特别的。根据定冠词the和单数名词birthday可知此处用序数词表示顺序，表示“第十六”。故填sixteenth。
42. important【解析】句意：人们通常为年轻人举办重要的庆祝活动。名词celebrations前面用形容词修饰，此处用important作定语。故填important。
43. because 【解析】句意：那是因为聚会是他们走向成年人的第一步。此处讲述的是原因，用because引导表语从句。故填because。
44. wears【解析】句意：每个人穿着漂亮衣服。句子是一般现在时，不定代词everyone作主语，是单数概念，谓语动词用第三人称单数wears。故答案为wears。
45. are held【解析】句意：人们在酒店举行聚会，甚至还有乐队演奏。主语parties是复数，主语与动词hold之间是被动关系，故填are held。
46. to【解析】句意：人们通常给16岁的人送礼物。give sth. to sb.表示“把某物给某人”，故填to。
47. themselves【解析】句意：年轻人在聚会上唱歌跳舞，玩得很开心。enjoy oneself表示“玩得开心”，the young people为复数概念，用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
48. families【解析】句意：有时候家人们用其他的方式庆祝，比如一起去度假、看一场有趣的电影或者在餐馆吃大餐。此处缺主语，用复数名词families表示“家人”。故填families。
49. an【解析】句意：有时候家人们用其他的方式庆祝，比如一起去度假、看一场有趣的电影或者在餐馆吃大餐。表达“看电影”用watch a movie，interesting是元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
50. to celebrate【解析】句意：你计划怎样庆祝你的生日呢？plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，故填to celebrate。
Passage 2（2020 •河北省）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mum and I were just going out when it began to rain. We had to stay at home, and I___41___（feel）quite bored. Mum got___42___idea. She suggested teaching me to make dumplings. I thought it could be fun, so I said OK. Mum cut the meat and cabbages into small pieces___43___（quick）.Then she showed me___44___ to mix them with salt and oil. “Mixing is the most important of all the___45___（step）,” she said. I also made some other preparations with her help. When everything was ready, dad came back home ___46___his office. Together the three of___47___（we）wrapped（包）the dumplings. At last, we___48___（cook） them. They were so delicious that I ate-___49___（many） than twenty. That was the ___50___（one）time I learnt to make dumplings. It was enjoyable!
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是下雨天妈妈教我包饺子的经历。
41. felt【解析】句意：我们不得不呆在家里，我感到很无聊。全文讲的是过去的事情，用的是一般过去时，故这里的feel要变成过去式felt，故答案是felt。
42. an【解析】句意：妈妈想到一个主意。分析句子可知，空处缺少一个冠词修饰名词idea，idea是可数名词单数，且是以元音因素开头的单词，所以用an一个，表示泛指，故答案是an。
43. quickly【解析】句意：妈妈快速地把肉和卷心菜切成小块。分析句子可知，空处缺少一个副词修饰动词cut，quick是形容词，其副词是quickly，故答案是quickly。
44. how 【解析】句意：然后她给我演示如何把它们与盐和油混合在一起。“疑问词+不定式”固定用法，根据句意可知，这里是指妈妈给我演示如何把他们与盐和油混合在一起，此处缺的是“如何”how,故答案是how。
45. steps【解析】句意：混合是所有步骤中最重要的一步。根据“all”可知，后面的名词step需用复数形式，step的复数是steps，故答案是steps。
46. from【解析】句意：一切准备就绪后，爸爸从他办公室回来了。根据句意可知，这里指的是从办公室回来，from从……，故答案是from。
47. us【解析】句意：我们三个一起包饺子。分析句子可知，“of”介词后要跟宾语，we是人称代词主格，宾格是us，故答案是us。
48. cooked【解析】句意：最后，我们把它们煮了。全文讲的是过去的事情，用的是一般过去时，故这里的cook要变成过去式cooked，故答案是cooked。
49. more【解析】句意：它们太好吃了以致于我吃了20多个。根据句意和提示词many可联想到，more than多于；超出，固定短语，这里指的是吃了20多个，故答案是more。
50. first【解析】句意：那是我第一次学包饺子。根据句意可知，这里指的是第一次，故用序数词，one的序数词是first，故答案是first。
Passage 3（2020 •枣庄市）
阅读下面材料并填空。有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不多于3个单词。把答案写在答题卡对应小题的横线上。
Almost each Chinese child has heard or read Journey to the West-one of the most famous Chinese____26____(tradition)classics. All of them like the main character—the Monkey King or Sun Wukong. However it wasn't popular____27____1970s in England. In November 1979, pupils in England were able to watch a new program called Monkey. Most of them were hearing this story for the____28____(one)time.
The Monkey King isn't____29____usual monkey. In fact, he sometimes doesn't even look like a monkey! This is because he can make seventy-two changes to his shape and size, ____30____(turn)himself into different animals and objects. But unless his tail____31____(hide), he can't turn himself into a man.____32____(fight)bad people, the Monkey King uses a magic stick. Sometimes he can make the stick small enough to keep it in his ear. At other times, he can make it big and long.
The Monkey King____33____(excite)the children of China for many years. And as soon as the TV came out more than 30 years____34____, Western children became interested in reading this story because the clever Monkey King keeps fighting to help_____35_____(weak)and never gives up.
《西游记》是深受人们喜爱的一部作品，其中孙悟空这个角色更是给人们留下了深刻的印象。在上世纪70年代的时候，一部叫《猴王》的节目，让西方的孩子们也了解并喜爱上了这个角色。
26. traditional【解析】句意：几乎每个中国孩子都听过或读过《西游记》——中国最著名的传统名著之一。
tradition传统，是一个名词。空后classics是名词，该空应用形容词形式，作定语修饰名词。traditional传统的，形容词。故答案为traditional。
27. until【解析】句意：然而，直到20世纪70年代，它才在英国流行起来。
根据句意和空后的1970s可知，这里表示“直到……时候，才……”，考查了not…until句型。故答案为until。
28. first【解析】句意：大多数人都是第一次听到这个故事。
one一，是一个基数词。根据句意和空后的名词time可知，这里表示“第一次”，应用序数词first。for the first time是一个短语，意为“第一次”。故答案为first。
29. a【解析】句意：美猴王不是一只普通的猴子。空后usual monkey是名词，结合句意可知，这里表示泛指“一只猴子”，考查不定冠词。usual是辅音/j/开头，应用a修饰。故答案为a。
30. turning【解析】句意：这是因为他能根据自己的形状和大小做出72种变化，把自己变成不同的动物和物体。turn转变，是一个动词。分析这个句子的结构可知，句中because引导的是表语从句，从句中can make是谓语动词，turn应用非谓语动词；它与主语he为主动关系，应用现在分词。故答案为turning。
31. can be hidden/is hidden【解析】句意：但是除非他的尾巴被藏起来，否则他不能把自己变成人。
hide躲藏，隐藏，是一个动词。句中unless引导条件状语从句，从句中主语his tail和动词hide构成被动关系，应用被动语态。该句使用的是一般现在时态，hide的过去分词为hidden。结合句意，这里也可以用情态动词can，表示“能”，含有情态动词的被动语态应该是can be +过去分词。故答案为can be hidden/is hidden。
32. To fight【解析】句意：为了对抗坏人，猴王用一根魔法棒。
fight打架，对抗，是一个动词。由句子结构可知，句中谓语动词为uses，fight应用非谓语动词；且这里表示“为了……”，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故答案为To fight。
33. has excited【解析】句意：多年来，猴王孙悟空让中国的孩子们兴奋不已。
excite使兴奋，是一个动词。根据句意和句中的时间状语for many years可知，这个动词从过去某个时候开始一直到现在，应用现在完成时态。状语The Monkey King是单数，故答案为has excited。
34. ago【解析】句意：30多年前，这个电视节目一问世，西方的孩子们就开始对这个故事感兴趣，因为聪明的孙悟空不断奋斗，帮助弱者，从不放弃。
根据上文“In November 1979, pupils in England were able to watch a new program called Monkey.”可知，这个节目是在1979年出来的，即三十多年前，这里考查ago，“……以前”。故答案为ago。
35. the weak【解析】句意：30多年前，这个电视节目一问世，西方的孩子们就开始对这个故事感兴趣，因为聪明的孙悟空不断奋斗，帮助弱者，从不放弃。
weak弱的，虚弱的，是一个形容词。根据句意可知，这里表示“帮助弱者”，用定冠词the+形容词，可以表示一类人。故答案为the weak。
Passage 4（2020 •绵阳市）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式( 不超过三个单词)，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。
I am Wuhan, a super big modern city with a population of over 11 million. I am home to China’s largest railway transfer center. No other city in the world embraces _____36_____ ( many) college students than me. At the beginning of 2020, the Covid-19 outbreak _____37_____ (fall) on me. I locked myself down _____38_____(quick). It’s believed to stop the epidemic from _____39_____ ( spread). The lockdown is never seen in the history of new China. The _____40_____ ( decide) was made with huge courage. I am Wuhan. Since I was locked down, I have seen groups of medical workers arrive in the city, one after another. Brothers and sisters _____41_____ different parts of the country have rushed for my rescue( 救援). You all have offered _____42_____ best that you have to back me up. A number of _____43_____ (hospital) have been built to make sure every patient is treated. I am greatly _____44_____ ( thank) to you all for sending me food and supplies. With the whole country’s joint efforts, I have returned to normal. So far, I ______45______ ( win) the battle! I am Wuhan. We are Wuhan. We are Wuhan, China.
文章大意：在2020年初，武汉这座拥有1100多万人口的超大现代化城市爆发了Covid-19，本文叙述了全国各地对武汉这座城市的大力支援，最终武汉在全国人民的共同努力下，赢得了这场没有硝烟的战斗!
36. more【解析】句意：世界上没有任何一个城市比我拥有更多的大学生。
根据No other city in the world embraces __1__ ( many) college students than me.由后面的than，可知此处应用比较级形式，many的比较级为more，故答案为more。
37. fell【解析】句意：在2020年初，Covid-19的爆发降临到我身上。根据At the beginning of 2020, the Covid-19 outbreak __2__(fall) on me.由时间状语At the beginning of 2020,可知句子时态用一般过去时，fall on降落、降临，fall的过去式为fell，故答案为fell。
38. quickly【解析】句意：我很快把自己封锁了起来。根据I locked myself down __3__(quick).可知设空处修饰前面的动词，所以应用副词，与quick所对应的副词形式是quickly，故答案为quickly。
39. spreading【解析】句意：这被认为可以阻止疫情的蔓延。根据It’s believed to stop the epidemic from __4__ ( spread).可知，提示词spread意为“蔓延、传播”，动词；设空处前面的from是介词，后接动词的ing形式，故答案为spreading。
40. decision 【解析】句意：这个决定是以巨大的勇气作出的。根据The __5__ ( decide) was made with huge courage.可知，提示词decide意为“决定”，设空处在句中作主语，应填入一个名词形式，与decide所对应的名词是decision，故答案为decision。
41. from【解析】句意：来自全国各地的兄弟姐妹们纷纷赶来救援我。根据Brothers and sisters __6__ different parts of the country have rushed for my rescue( 救援).可知此处指的是“来自”全国各地的兄弟姐妹们，from来自，介词。故答案为from。
42. the【解析】句意：你们都尽了最大的努力支持我。根据You all have offered __7__ best that you have to back me up.可知设空处后面best为最高级形式，一般最高级前面需要加定冠词the，故答案为the。
43. hospitals【解析】句意：已经建立了许多医院，以确保每个病人都得到治疗。根据A number of __8__ (hospital) have been built to make sure every patient is treated.可知，提示词hospital医院，名词；a number of的意思是“若干”或“许多”，相当于 some 或 a lot of，和复数名词连用；故答案为hospitals。
44. thankful【解析】句意：我非常感谢你们给我送来食物和日常用品。根据I am greatly __9__ ( thank) to you all for sending me food and supplies.可知，提示词thank感谢，动词；设空处在句中用在系动词am后面作表语，所以应用形容词thankful，故答案为thankful。
45. have won【解析】句意：到目前为止，我已经赢得了这场战斗!根据So far, I __10__ ( win) the battle!由So far可知句子时态用现在完成时，其结构为have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是I，用have，win的过去分词是won，故答案为have won。
Passage 5（2020 •福建省）
Do you know how rice first came to China? There is an old Chinese story 61． is about little girl who went out to fish. There was famine（饥荒）and everybody was very 62． /'hʌŋgrɪ/.
The little girl felt her net growing heavy and was very happy. However, it was the King of Frogs（青蛙）that she 63． /kɔ: t/. The frog told her to hold out her fishing net to the sun's rays and he would sing 64． magic song. The little girl followed his instructions. She was 65．（great）surprised to see the rays of sunshine falling through the net. And they were changed 66． golden grains（谷粒）of rice. The first rice was thought to arrive in this way.
We do not know whether this story is true, but it tells 67．（we）that rice has the same value as gold to the Chinese. Rice 68．（be）always the main food for the Chinese. For centuries, much land has been devoted（奉献）to rice-planting and many Chinese people are 69．（farmer）, who work very hard for each grain.
It's important to 70． /seɪv/ food and say no to waste. After all, waste not, want not.
本文讲述了大米的由来，并呼吁人们要珍惜每一粒粮食，拒绝浪费。
61．which/that【解析】句意：中国有一个古老的故事，讲的是一个去捕鱼的小女孩。根据句子结构，此句是一个定语从句。先行词story是指物，在从句中作主语，可以用关系词that或which，所以空格处填which/that。故答案为which/that。
62．hungry【解析】句意：当时有饥荒，每个人都很饿。was是系动词，后接形容词作表语。根据There was famine及所给音标，hungry表示“饥饿的”，所以空格处填hungry。故答案为hungry。
63．caught【解析】句意：然而，她抓到的是一只青蛙国王。根据句子结构，此句是it was……that的强调句。根据The little girl felt her net growing heavy及所给音标，可知，网很沉，她抓到是一只青蛙国王，句中was是一般过去时，所以此处也用一般过去时，故空格处填caught。故答案为caught。
64．a【解析】句意：青蛙叫她把鱼网拿出来晒晒太阳，他唱一首神奇的歌。根据句意，此空表示“一首神奇的歌”，表泛指，且magic是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以空格处填不定冠词a。故答案为a。
65．greatly【解析】句意：她非常惊讶地看到阳光透过网照射进来。空格处修饰形容词surprised，所以要用副词。great是形容词，其对应的副词是greatly，所以空格处填greatly。故答案为greatly。
66．into/to【解析】句意：他们变成了金色的米粒。句中they指代前文的the rays of sunshine，这些阳光变成了金色的米粒，固定搭配：change into/in表示“变成”，所以空格处填into/to。故答案为into/to。
67．us【解析】句意：我们不知道这个故事是否是真的，但是它告诉我们，对中国人来说大米的价值相当于黄金。tell是动词，后接人称代词宾格作宾语。we是人称代词主格，其宾格是us，所以空格处填us。故答案为us。
68．is【解析】句意：大米一直是中国人的主要食物。always是一般现在时的标志词，且主语rice是不可数名词，所以空格处填单数系动词is。故答案为is。
69．farmers【解析】句意：数世纪以来，许多土地被用来种植水稻，许多中国农民为每一粒粮食辛勤劳作。
主语people是复数形式，此空也要填复数名词。farmer是单数名词，其对应的复数名词是farmers，所以空格处填farmers。故答案为farmers。
70．save【解析】句意：节约粮食和拒绝浪费是很重要的。固定句式：it’s+形容词+to do sth“做某事是……”，根据no waste及提示音标，此空填动词save表示“节省”，所以空格处填save。故答案为save。
Passage 6（2020 •广东省深圳市）
One day, a man was walking by the corner of a street. Here he met46．little boy holding a bird cage and selling the birds inside. He 47．(stop) and looked very sadly at the birds without freedom in front of him. The birds were screaming in the cage, trying to fly away.
After standing 48． a moment, he said to the boy, "How much does49．(you) bird cost? I want…"
"One fifty cents, sir," the boy answered quickly.
"I am afraid that you are mistaken. I am not asking how much it is." The man said, "I would like50．(buy) all of them. What I ask is how much you want for them."
Hearing this, the boy51．(happy) counted the number of the birds in the cage.
"They cost five dollars."
"Here52．(be) the money!" The man passed the money. The boy counted excitedly. However, he then was53．(surprise) to find all the birds had flown away.
"OH, my god, for what reason did you do that, sir? You don't even get a bird!" The boy asked the man who set the birds free.
"My boy, let me tell you54．I did this." The man said, "I have no right to get them. Every life should be free and they are our55．(friend). So we should give them freedom."

这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述一个人看到一个小男孩提着一个鸟笼子卖里面的小鸟,这个人就买了鸟,然后放掉了所有的鸟，并告诉男孩每条生命都应该是自由的，它们是我们的朋友，我们应该给它们自由。
46．a【解析】句意：在这儿他见到一个小男孩提着一个鸟笼子，卖鸟笼里的鸟。根据空格后面的词语是little boy可知这是文中第一次提到这个小男孩,故用a表泛指“一个”。故答案为a。
47．stopped【解析】句意：他停下来很伤心地看了看在他面前没有自由的小鸟。根据下文并列结构“and looked”可知,动作发生在过去,用一般过去时，此处用动词过去式stopped与looked并列。故答案为stopped。
48．for【解析】句意：在站了一会儿之后，他对小男孩说：“你的鸟多少钱，我想……”此处用固定短语for a moment表示“一会儿”。故答案为for。
49．your【解析】句意：在站了一会儿之后，他对小男孩说：“你的鸟多少钱，我想……”根据空格后面的词语是名词“bird”可知此处要用形容词性物主代词your来表所属。故答案为your。
50．to buy【解析】句意：我想买所有的鸟。此处用would like to do表示“想要做某事”，此处用要用动词不定式to buy来填空。故答案为to buy。
51．happily【解析】句意：听到这个，小男孩开心地数着笼子里鸟。动词“counted ”要用副词修饰，此处用happy的副词形式修饰动词counted,译为 “快乐地数着”,故答案为happily。
52．is【解析】句意：这是给你的钱。这句话为倒装句,地点here提前，真正的主语为the money,故谓语用单数is。故答案为is。
53．surprised【解析】句意：然而，然后他很惊讶地发现所有的鸟都飞走了。 根据“he then was”可知此处是指他感到惊讶,形容人的感受,用surprised表示“感到惊讶的”。故答案为surprised。
54．why【解析】句意：让我告诉你为什么我这么做。tell you后面是宾语从句，此处用 “why I did this”表达这个男人在向小男孩解释这么做的原因,故答案为why。
55．friends【解析】句意：每条生命都应该是自由的，它们是我们的朋友。根据前文they are可知,此处应填复数名词friends作表语。故答案为friends。
Passage 7（2020 •内蒙古包头市）

Last Saturday morning, the head teacher called a meeting of parents. On behalf of (代表) the students, I made 56． speech, and I felt very proud of 57．.
Now my middle school life comes to an end. This summer, I will go to the U.S. and stay for one year to s58．at an American high school. There I will be in Grade 10. I excited. 59． (同时), I am a little sad because I have to s60． goodbye to my old friends and teachers. I want to t61． some photos with them before I leave and I Will 62． (赠送) many gifts to my friends as well. We will 63． (保持联系) With each other by sending emails, making phone calls or w64． letters.
In the past three years, I have learned a lot 65． my teachers and have had a great time at school. Although we'll set out on our new journey, I will never forget 66． I come from. In the future, I will work m67． harder. I hope to be a doctor when I 68． (长大). My parents 69． [sə'pɔ:t] me all the time. I believe my dream will 70． (实现, 成为现实)!

本文主要讲了作者代表同学们做了一个演讲，中学生活结束了，作者对和老朋友及老师说再见有点难过，文章还说了作者以后的打算及将来的梦想。
56．a【解析】句意：我代表同学们做了一个演讲。根据空前的made及空后的a speech，结合前面“On behalf of the students,”可知，此处是短语“做演讲make a speech”。故答案为a。
57．myself【解析】句意：我为自己感到非常自豪。根据空前的“felt very proud of”结合前面说“代表同学们做了一个演讲”，可知此处是说为自己感到自豪，myself我自己。故答案为myself。
58．study【解析】句意：今年夏天，我将去美国，在一所美国高中学习一年。根据前面说“Now my middle school life comes to an end.”可知作者的中学生活结束了，结合首字母提示可知，此处是说去一所美国高中“学习”一年，study学习。故答案为study。
59．At the same time/ In the meantime【解析】句意：同时，我有点难过，因为我要和我的老朋友及老师说再见。根据汉语提示，结合所学知识可知，此处是短语at the same time或in the meantime，句首字母要大写。故答案为At the same time/ In the meantime。
60．say【解析】句意：同时，我有点难过，因为我要和我的老朋友及老师说再见。根据空后的goodbye to及首字母可知，此处是短语say goodbye to sb与某人道别；根据空前的to可知，空处应该用动词原形say。故答案为say。
61．take【解析】句意：我想在离开之前和他们拍一些照片，我也会给我的朋友送很多礼物。根据空后的“some photos with them”及首字母可知，此处是短语take photos with sb与某人照相合影；根据空前的to可知，此处应该用动词原形take。故答案为take。
62．give away【解析】句意：我想在离开之前和他们拍一些照片，我也会给我的朋友送很多礼物。
根据汉语提示及所学知识可知，此处是短语give away赠送；根据空前的will可知，空处应该用动词原形。故答案为give away。
63．keep/stay/be in touch【解析】句意：我们将通过发送电子邮件、打电话或写信等方式保持联系。
根据汉语提示及所学知识可知，空处应该是短语keep/stay/be in touch with sb与某人保持联系；根据空前的will可知，空处应该动词原形。故答案为keep/stay/be in touch。
64．writing【解析】句意：我们将通过发送电子邮件、打电话或写信等方式保持联系。根据空后的letters及首字母可知，此处是表达write letters写信；根据空前的“by sending emails, making phone calls or”可知，此处动词形式应该与前面sending及making一致，所以应该用动词名词形式writing。故答案为writing。
65．from【解析】句意：在过去的三年里，我从我的老师那里学到了很多东西。根据空前的“learned a lot”及空后的my teachers可知，此处是固定搭配learn a lot from sb向某人学到很多。故答案为from。
66．where【解析】句意：虽然我们将踏上新的旅程，但我永远不会忘记我来自哪里。根据空后的I come from及句意可知，此处是表达我来自哪里，所以宾语从句应该用引导词where。故答案为where。
67．much【解析】句意：今后，我会更加努力工作。根据空后的harder及空前的work可知，空处单词应该是修饰比较级harder，说明比较级的程度；根据首字母可知，此处应该是much。故答案为much。
68．grow up【解析】句意：我希望长大后能成为一名医生。根据汉语提示及所学知识可知，此处是短语grow up；根据前面“I hope to be a doctor”可知，此句应该用一般现在时，结合空前的I可知，空处应该用动词原形。故答案为grow up。
69．support【解析】句意：我父母一直支持我。根据句子结构可知，空处应该是句子的谓语动词；根据音标[sə'pɔ:t]可知，此处是单词support。故答案为support。
70．come true【解析】句意：我相信我的梦想会实现的！根据汉语提示及所学知识可知，此处是短语come true实现, 成为现实；根据空前的will可知，动词应该用原形。故答案为come true。
Passage 8（2020 •内蒙古赤峰市）
I grew up in a small town in Italy. One morning my dad told me to drive him to a village, about 18 miles41．. Then he asked me to take the car to a nearby garage for a service（保养）. Thinking that I just had my driving license, and I hardly had the42． /tʃaːns / to use the car, I agreed happily. Then I drove to the garage and43．（drop）off the car. Because there were still a few hours left, I decided to watch movies at a theatre near the garage. But I was two hours late when the last movie finished.
Dad could never let me drive again44． he knew what I did. So when I drove to the place where we had planned to meet and saw Dad waiting patiently on the corner. I told him that I came as45．（quick）as I could. I was late because the car needed some 46． /'s peʃl/ repairs.
"I'm very sorry that you told me a lie, Jason.”
"What do you mean, Dad? I'm telling the t47．. "
"I called the garage to ask if there were any problems. I'm angry not with you but with m48．. I've failed as a father, so I'll walk home now and think it over."
I begged all the way, telling him how sorry I was. But nothing helped. I had to drive49．/bɪ′haɪnd/ him for 18 miles.
It was one of the most50．（pain）moments in my life. But it was the best lesson.

本文主要讲述了作者因为看电影耽误了和父亲的约定，作者怕被责怪于是就对父亲说了谎，最后谎言被父亲拆穿，这次经历给了作者一个难忘的教训。
41．away【解析】句意：一天早上，爸爸让我开车送他去大约18英里外的一个村庄。由“about 18 miles”可知，这个村庄大约18英里远，故此处应用副词away“远离”。故填away。
42．chance【解析】句意：想到我刚拿到驾照，几乎没有机会用车，我就高兴地同意了。根据音标提示/tʃaːns /可知，此处应为我没机会用车。chance机会，可数名词，此处用其单数形式，在句中作动词had的宾语。故填chance。
43．dropped【解析】句意：然后我把车开去车库，下了车。根据"____off the car"可知此处是指停下车，drop off 停下，固定短语。由句中drove可知，本句为一般过去时，故应用所给动词的过去式。故填dropped。
44．if【解析】句意：如果爸爸知道我做了什么，他就再也不会让我开车了。根据"Dad could never let me drive again ____ he knew what I did"可知，此处是指如果爸爸知道了我的所作所为，就再也不会让我开车了，表示假设，所以要用if引导条状语从句。故填if。
45．quickly【解析】句意：我告诉他我尽可能快地来了。as…as中间应加形容词或副词原形，故此处应用所给形容词的副词形式quickly“快速地”，修饰动词came。故填quickly。
46．special【解析】句意：我迟到了是因为汽车需要一些特殊修理。根据音标提示/'s peʃl/可知，此处应为形容词special“特殊的”，作定语修饰名词repairs。故填special。
47．truth【解析】句意：我说的是实话。由上文“I'm very sorry that you told me a lie”可知，此处是作者告诉父亲自己说的是实话，tell the truth说实话。故填truth。
48．myself【解析】句意：我不是生你的气，而是生我自己的气。由“I'm angry not with you but with_____”可知，此处是父亲对作者说“我气得不是你，而是气自己”，故此处应为反身代词myself“我自己”。故填myself。
49．behind
【解析】句意：我不得不在他身后开了18英里。根据音标提示/bɪ′haɪnd/可知，此处应为介词behind“在……后面”。故填behind。
50．painful【解析】句意：那是我一生中最痛苦的时刻之一。此处应用所给单词的形容词形式painful“痛苦的”，作定语修饰名词moments。故填painful。

Passage 9【2020•湖北省宜昌市】
综合填空：根据所给首字母、上下文或汉语提示完成空格中所缺单词，使短文完整通顺，语法正确，每个空只能填一个词。
Last week my husband and I took a trip to visit friends and go skiing（滑雪）. During my time as a p___31___ , I had flown over these huge mountains many times, admiring the shiny, snow-covered mountain tops from above. However, until last week, I never visited ___32___ at ground level.
The first day we went skiing, we d___33___ into the mountains. Soon we followed the roads along the sides of mountains to the ski places. There we parked our car, I p___34___ on my skis（滑雪板）and went ahead to the lift.
As I rode the lift even higher up the mountain, I watched the people b___35___ move along the snow. At the top of the lift everything was so amazing and beautiful. I was ___36___（站） on the mountain top, which was circled by more snow-covered mountains-it seemed that I had moved into a ___37___（明信片）. I took a moment to reflect on the ___38___（自然的） beauty around me. It was valuable, not strong, and easily broken!
Now, I’m back home thinking about the things which I experienced on that mountain top. It reminds me ___39___ important the environment protecting is! Protecting our environment will make people ____40____ able to experience the same beauty in the future. So let’s take action together to lead to a better future.
文章大意：本文作者讲述了自己上周和丈夫一起和朋友去滑雪的事情。以前作者在做飞行员时，每次都是从这些大山的上面飞过，从上面欣赏那些白雪皑皑的山顶，这次终于可以在地面上拜访这些大山了。站在山顶看着被白雪覆盖的山脉，作者感觉自己似乎已经变成了一张明信片。同时作者也意识到保护环境的重要，并呼吁我们大家一起行动起来保护环境，使我们的地球更加美丽。
31. pilot【解析】句意：在我当飞行员的时候。根据下文I had flown over these huge mountains many times,我飞过这些大山很多次，结合During my time as a p__31__ ,及首字母提示p，可知此处表达的是“飞行员”，英文表达是pilot，可数名词，前面有不定冠词a修饰，用单数，故答案为pilot。
32. them【解析】句意：然而，直到上周，我才在地面上拜访过他们。根据上文I had flown over these huge mountains many times, admiring the shiny, snow-covered mountain tops from above. 我已经飞过这些大山很多次，从上面欣赏那闪亮的，被白雪覆盖的山顶。结合However, until last week, I never visited __32__ at ground level.由转折词However可知，作者以前总是在空中飞过时欣赏白雪皑皑的山顶，直到上周，作者亲自登上了这些山顶，才在地面上拜访过他们。设空处指代前面的mountains，而且用在谓语动词visited的后面，所以用宾格代词them来替代，故答案为them。
33. drove【解析】句意：第一天我们去滑雪，我们开车进了山里。根据下文There we parked our car, 我们把车停在那里，结合The first day we went skiing, we d__33__ into the mountains.及首字母提示，可知是我们开车进了山里，drive开车、驾驶，动词，由前面的went可知句子时态用一般过去时，drive的过去式为drove，故答案为drove。
34. put【解析】句意：我穿上滑雪板，直奔电梯。根据I p__34__ on my skis（滑雪板）and went ahead to the lift.由后面的关键词on，结合首字母提示，可知是“穿上”滑雪板，put on穿上，固定词组，由后面的went可知句子时态用一般过去时，put的过去式为put，故答案为put。
35. below【解析】句意：当我乘电梯上山的时候，我看到下面的人正在雪地上移动。根据上文As I rode the lift even higher up the mountain, 当我乘电梯上山的时候，结合I watched the people b__35__ move along the now.及首字母提示，可知是看到下面的人正在移动，“在下面”用below，故答案为below。
36. standing【解析】句意：我站在山顶上，周围是更多被白雪覆盖的山。根据I was __36__（站） on the mountain top,结合汉语提示“站”，可知英文表达是stand，由前面的系动词was，可知句子时态用过去进行时，即was/were+动词的现在分词，故答案为standing。
37. postcard【解析】句意：我似乎已经变成了一张明信片。根据it seemed that I had moved into a __37__（明信片），结合汉语提示“明信片”，可知英文表达是postcard，可数名词，前面有不定冠词a修饰，用单数，故答案为postcard。
38. natural【解析】句意：我花了一会儿时间反思身边的自然美景。根据I took a moment to reflect on the __38__（自然的） beauty around me. 结合汉语提示“自然的”，可知英文表达是natural，形容词，在这里作定语修饰后面的名词beauty，故答案为natural。
39. how【解析】句意：它提醒我保护环境是多么重要!根据It reminds me __39__ important the environment protecting is!可知本句为感叹句，而且中心词是important重要的，形容词，所以用于how引导感叹句，故答案为how。
40. be【解析】句意：保护我们的环境将使人们能够在未来体验同样的美。根据Protecting our environment will make people __40__ able to experience the same beauty in the future.由后面的able to，可知此处考查固定词组be able to，意为“能、能够”；make后跟省略to的不定式作宾语补足语,即:make sb. do sth.让（使）某人做某事，故答案为be。
Passage 10【2020•孝感市】
阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的词，或根据音标及首字母提示填词，或根据括号内所给词的正确形式填空，每空一词。
We experienced a special period in 2020. Xu Yi, a middle school student from Hubei, told something ___49___ (interest) to us. Let's check out his story and resolution for the new term.
When Xu Yi was learning English as ___50___ exchange student in the UK, his English friend ___51___ (invite) him to take a Chinese culture course. Then, at 9:30 a.m. the next day, it finally came. He followed the friend to the classroom and was welcomed ___52___ her classmates. They gave him presents, which moved and excited him.
The lesson was about an ancient Chinese character (字体) called Xiaozhuan. The teacher ___53___ (clear) explained it from its history to development, how it worked in society and why it was so popular in Qin Dynasty. She also taught the differences between Xiaozhuan ___54___ the modern Chinese character.
On the one hand, Xu Yi takes pride in Chinese culture. On the o___55___ hand, it's a shame that he knows almost nothing about it. As the culture reaches the world, the Chinese should study more about it. As a senior high school student, he is going to read as many ___56___ (book) as possible to open his mind. He hopes every Chinese person will love and ___57___ /'vælju:/ Chinese culture. After all, everyone is responsible for building and keeping it.
文章讲来自湖北一所中学的徐毅作为交换生在英国学习，英国朋友邀请他去上一节中国文化课，他在为中国文化感到骄傲的同时，也遗憾于自己知之甚少，决心尽量多读书，了解中国文化。
49. interesting【解析】句意：徐毅，湖北的一名中学生，给我们讲了一些有趣的事情。根据空前“something”可知此处要用形容词作后置定语，something指物，用interesting表示“令人感兴趣的”。故答案为interesting。
50. an【解析】句意：当徐毅在英国做交换生学习英语时，他的英国朋友邀请他参加中国文化课程。
根据题干中“as ____ exchange student in the UK”可推出此处是说“作为一名交换生”，exchange以元音音素开头，其前用不定冠词an。故答案为an。
51. invited【解析】句意：当徐毅在英国做交换生学习英语时，他的英国朋友邀请他参加中国文化课程。
讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，invite的过去式是invited。故答案为invited。
52. by【解析】句意：他跟着那位朋友来到教室，受到了她同学的欢迎。根据题干中“was welcomed ____ her classmates”可推出是受到她同学的欢迎，介词by常置于表示被动的动词后，表示使为者。故答案为by。
53. clearly【解析】句意：老师从它的历史发展，在社会上是如何运作的，以及为什么它在秦朝如此流行，清楚地讲解了它。分析句子结构可知此处用副词修饰动词explained，clear的副词形式是clearly，意为“清楚地，明白地”。故答案为clearly。
54. and【解析】句意：她还教授了小篆和现代汉字的区别。根据题干中“the differences between Xiaozhuan ____ the modern Chinese character”可知此处是说小篆和现代汉字的区别，用between ... and ... 表示“……和……之间”。故答案为and。
55. other【解析】句意：另一方面，遗憾的是他对此几乎一无所知。根据上文“On the one hand”，结合题干可知此处用on the one hand ... , on the other hand ... 表示“一方面……，另一方面……”，是固定搭配。故答案为other。
56. books【解析】句意：作为一名高中生，他要读尽可能多的书来开阔自己的思维。many意为“许多”，其后接可数名词复数，book的复数是books。故答案为books。
57. value【解析】句意：他希望每个中国人都能热爱和重视中国文化。根据音标/'vælju:/可知此处用value表示“重视”，结合空前“will love and ____”可知and连接两个动词原形。故答案为value。
Passage 11【2020•荆门市】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式（不超过3个单词）。
For many people around the world, the third Sunday in June is a day to respect their fathers. It is Father's Day and ____36____（celebrate）Father's important role in the family.
Father is just ____37____ important to a child as Mother is. For daughters, Father is the first man they admire, while for sons, Father is an idol（偶像）and the ____38____（strong）man in their life.
The idea of celebrating Father's Day ____39____(give) by Sonora Smart Dodd of Washington in 1909. She wanted a special day to honor（纪念）her father William Smart, his wife died ____40____ she was giving birth to their sixth child. Mr. Smart was left ____41____（raise）the newborn and his other five children only by himself. After Sonora became an adult, she understood the strength and selflessness（无私）her father had shown in raising his children as a single parent. The first Father's Day was celebrated ____42____ June 19, 1910 in Washington. And it was in 1966 that the then USA President Lyndon Johnson officially made the third Sunday of June Father's Day. In 1972, the then USA President Richard Nixon made ____43____ a national holiday.
Over the years, the idea of celebrating Father's Day on the third Sunday of June ____44____ （spread）across the world. Celebrating the day gives people a chance to express their love and thanks to their fathers. Celebrating the day also makes fathers feel that their contributions are acknowledged（认可）by their children and _____45_____（social）.
这是一篇说明文，文章讲述为了六月的第三个周日是父亲节，是为了庆祝父亲在家庭的重要作用并介绍父亲节的来历。
36. celebrates【解析】句意：这一天是父亲节，庆祝父亲在家庭的重要作用。and表示并列，句子是一般现在时，句子的主语是it,此处的动词用第三人称单数celebrates。故答案为celebrates。
37. as【解析】句意：父亲对孩子的作用就像母亲一样重要。此处用“as+形容词原级+as”表示“像……一样……”，as important as表示“父亲对孩子的作用就像母亲一样重要”。故答案为as。
38. strongest【解析】句意：对于女儿，父亲是她们敬佩的第一个人，而对于儿子，父亲是偶像，是他们生命中最强的人。根据定冠词the和单数名词man可知此处用形容词最高级strongest表示“最强的”。故答案为strongest。
39. was given 【解析】句意：1909年，索娜拉·斯玛特·杜德在华盛顿提出了庆祝父亲节这个想法。根据in 1909可知此处是一般过去时态，主语the idea是单数名词，主语和谓语动词give之间是被动关系，动词用was given。故答案为was given。
40. when/while【解析】句意：她想有特别的一天纪念父亲威廉姆斯玛特，她的母亲在生第六个孩子的时候去世了。此处是时间状语，用when或者while引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”。故答案为when/while。
41. to raise【解析】句意：斯玛特先生被迫靠他自己一个人来抚养新生儿和其他五个孩子。“让某人做某事”用动词短语“leave sb. to do sth.”，此处是被动形式sb. be left to do sth.,此处用动词不定式to raise。故答案为to raise。
42. on【解析】句意：1910年6月19日在华盛顿，庆祝了第一个父亲节。“ June 19, 1910”表示具体的一天，用介词on。故答案为on。
43. it【解析】句意：1972年，那时的美国总统理查德尼克松使父亲节成为一个全国的假日。此处表示“使父亲节成为一个全国的假日”，用代词it来代替Father's Day。故答案为it。
44. has spread【解析】句意：年复一年，6月第三个周天庆祝父亲节已经扩散到全世界。根据“over the years”可知表示过去的动作持续到现在，用现在完成时；主语the idea是单数，谓语动词用has spread。故答案为has spread。
45. society【解析】句意：庆祝这一天也让父亲觉得他们的贡献被孩子们和社会认可。根据and可知此处用名词与their children并列，此处用名词society表示“社会”。故答案为society。
Passage 12【2020•黄冈市】
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。(每空不超过三个词)
Hometown Feelings
Some people still live in their hometown. However, others may only see it once or twice a year. Nowadays___45___(million) of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities. Among these is Zhong Wei,a 46-year-old husband and father. He___46___(live) in Wenzhou for the last 13 years. With a hard job in a factory, he doesn't find much time to visit his hometown. "I used___47___(return) home at least once a year, but I haven’t been back for three years now." He says
Many people like Zhong Wei are___48___(interest) in how their hometowns have changed. Perhaps large hospitals and new roads have appeared. ___49___many places, the government has also built new schools and sent teachers from the cities to help.
"I noticed that's true of my hometown," adds Zhong Wei. "Children have learned to read and count at my old primary school___50___the mid-20th century. But now the buildings are___51___(real) old. I hear they're going to build a new school there." Zhong Wei thinks such developments are good, and he also knows that his hometown cannot always stay the same.
According to Zhong Wei, ___52___, some things will never change. "In my hometown, there was a big old tree opposite the school. It is still there and has become quite a symbol of the place.Most of the children in my time___53___(like) to play together under that big tree, especially during the summer holidays. It was such a happy childhood. Our hometown has left many soft and sweet____54____(memory) in our hearts."
这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述大部分人身在异乡，几乎没有时间回到故乡。钟伟描述他的家乡的变化以及童年的记忆。
45. millions【解析】句意：如今，成千上万的中国人离开农村去城市寻找工作。空前没有数词，此处用短语millions of表示“成千上万的”。故答案为millions。
46. has lived【解析】句意：在过去的13年里，他一直住在温州。“for the last 13 years”表示一段时间，用于现在完成时；he是单数第三人称，此处has+过去分词lived。故答案为has lived。
47. to return【解析】句意：我过去每年至少回家一次,但是现在我已经三年没回去了。此处讲述的是过去的动作，用used to do表示“过去常常做某事”；此处用to return home。故答案为to return。
48. interested 【解析】句意：很多人像钟伟一样对他们的家乡怎样变化感兴趣。此处用be interested in表示“对某物感兴趣”，此处用形容词interested。故答案为interested。
49. In【解析】句意：在很多地方，政府也建好了新学校并派城市里的老师们去帮忙。根据many places可知此处用介词in，句首首字母i大写。故答案为In。
50. since【解析】句意：从20世纪中期开始，孩子们就在我的旧小学里学会了阅读和数数。根据“have learned”可知句子是现在完成时，此处用since+时间点，表示“自从”。故答案为since。
51. really【解析】句意：但是现在这些建筑真的很陈旧。形容词old前用副词修饰，此处用really表示“非常”。故答案为really。
52. however【解析】句意：然而，根据钟伟所说，一些事情将永远不会变化。根据“some things will never change”可知此处是转折，用连词however表示“然而 ”。故答案为however。
53. liked【解析】句意：我童年时代的大多数孩子都喜欢暑假时在那棵大树下玩耍。根据“in my time”可知讲述的是过去的动作，用过去式liked。故答案为liked。
54. momeries【解析】.句意：我们的家乡在我们心中留下了许多温柔甜蜜的回忆。“many soft and sweet”温柔甜蜜的，形容词修饰名词；many许多的，后接复数名词memories。故答案为memories。
Passage 13【2020•湖北省天门、仙桃、潜江、江汉油田】
A long time ago, a father was old and sick. He did not have much time to live, and he wanted 21． (give) his sons a good lesson before he died.
Recently, he noticed that his sons 22． (fight) among themselves and seemed unable to agree on anything. The old man feared what would happen after his 23． (die). He was afraid that his sons would begin to argue. “They will disagree about everything,” He thought. “Soon they 24． (be) enemies, each going his own direction.”
He called his sons together in his room. “Bring 25． (I) a bundle (束) of stick,” he asked his servant (仆人). Soon enough, a thick bundle of sticks arrived, tied 26． (close) together. One by one, he gave the bundle to each son, and asked him to break the bundle. One son after another pulled and twisted (拧) with all of his strength (力量), 27． the sticks would not break.
The old man smiled and ordered his servant to untie the bundle of sticks. He handed one stick to each son and said, “Now break the stick.”
Of course, the single stick 28． (break) in two easily. The old father looked at his sons. “Do you understand this lesson?” he asked.
Each son, being intelligent, 29． (understand) the meaning at once. Alone, it is easy for one of them to be harmed. But together, they are strong and can’t be harmed even 30． great forces (势力).
That’s the meaning of the sticking together. In unity, there is great strength.
文章大意：本文讲述的是一位老父亲在临死前，利用一捆树枝给他的儿子们上了难忘的一课，从而让他们明白了“团结就是力量”的道理。
21．to give【解析】句意：他想在死之前好好地教训一下他的儿子们。根据he wanted __21__ (give) his sons a good lesson before he died.可知是他想在临死之前给他的儿子们一个难忘的教训，give sb sth.给某人某物；want to do sth.想要做某事，固定搭配；故答案为to give。
22．were fighting【解析】句意：最近，他注意到他的儿子们互相争斗。根据Recently, he noticed that his sons __22__ (fight) among themselves，可知是他注意到他的儿子们互相争斗，由语境可知句子时态用过去进行时，即was/were+动词的现在分词，主语his sons是复数，用were，fight的现在分词是fighting，故答案为were fighting。
23．death【解析】句意：老人担心他死后会发生什么事。根据The old man feared what would happen after his __23__ (die).可知提示词die死亡，动词；设空处前面有形容词性的物主代词his修饰，所以应用其名词形式death，故答案为death。
24．will be【解析】句意：不久他们就会成为敌人，各走各的路。根据Soon they __24__ (be) enemies, each going his own direction.由soon可知句子时态用一般将来时，即will+动词原形，故答案为will be。
25．me【解析】句意：“给我拿一捆树枝来。”他对仆人说。根据Bring __25__ (I) a bundle (束) of stick,可知Bring为动词，后跟代词的宾格形式，I的宾格是me，故答案为me。
26．closely【解析】句意：很快，一捆粗树枝来了，紧紧地捆在一起。根据tied __26__ (close) together.可知设空处修饰前面的动词，所以应用close的副词形式，与close所对应的副词是closely紧密地，故答案为closely。
27．but【解析】句意：一个接一个的儿子用尽全身的力气拉、扭，但棍子没有折断。根据One son after another pulled and twisted (拧) with all of his strength (力量), 以及 the sticks would not break.可知前后句之间是转折关系，所以用but连接，故答案为but。
28．was broken【解析】句意：当然，那根棍子很容易就断成了两截。根据the single stick __28__ (break) in two easily.可知主语the single stick和谓语动词break之间存在被动关系，所以应用被动语态，即be+动词的过去分词，句子时态为一般过去时，且主语为单数，所以be动词用was，break的过去分词是broken，故答案为was broken。
29．understood【解析】句意：每个儿子都很聪明，立刻明白了意思。根据Each son, being intelligent, __29__ (understand) the meaning at once.结合上下文，可知句子时态是一般过去时，所以此处应用understand的过去式understood，故答案为understood。
30．by【解析】句意：但是他们结合在一起，是强大的，即使是强大的势力也不会伤害他们。根据But together, they are strong and can’t be harmed even ___30___ great forces (势力).根据语境，可知他们不会被强大的势力伤害，所以此处应填入介词by，意为“被、由”，故答案为by。
Passage 14【2020•襄阳市】
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在短文空白处填入一个恰当的词，使短文内容完整、通顺，并将所填单词填写在答题卡上相应的题号后。
Scientists have long wondered how Australia’s koalas get enough water to live. A new study p____51____ an answer.
The lead writer of the new report on koalas is Valentina Mella of the University of Sydney. It was earlier t____52____ , she explains, that the animals got most of the water they needed in the leaves they ate.
In the wild, koalas get water from the plant leaves they eat. But they also get it from water r____53____ down from the trees during it rains.
Mella and other scientists w____54____ koalas in the wild every year. They find that koalas are a____55____ at night. They live in trees and depend on them for food, drinking and also for resting places.
Koalas spend most of the time high up in the trees. They eat lots of leaves. An adult koala n____56____ eats between 0.5 and 0.8 kg of leaves a day, Koalas sleep about 20 hours a day.
Mella notes that a koala usually spends 98% of its ____57____ in trees. She also notes that the only time they come down to the ground is to d____58____ another tree with better leaves.
In fact, the word “koala” means “no drink” in the ____59____ language. Koalas did not go down onto the ground very often. So it was considered that they had no need to drink water.
The koalas’ living e____60____ is getting worse now because the fires from September 2019 to January 2020 in Australia have burned about 30% of the forests where they live.
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了澳大利亚的考拉是怎样获取生存所需要的水分的，以及介绍了它们的生活习性等。
51. provided【解析】句意：一项新的研究提供了答案。根据上文“Scientists have long wondered how Australia’s koalas get enough water to live”可知，科学家很久以来就想知道考拉是怎样得到生存需要的水的，于是一项研究提供了答案。provide提供，动词，其中“提供答案”这件事发生在过去，故此处应用其过去式。故答案为provided。
52. thought【解析】句意：这是一个早期的想法，她解释说，这种动物从它们吃的树叶中得到了大部分它们所需要的水。根据“that the animals got most of the water they needed in the leaves they ate”可知，考拉从它们吃的树叶中得到了大部分水分是一种早期的想法。thought想法，不可数名词。故答案为thought。
53. running【解析】句意：但是它们也能从下雨时从树上流下来的水里得到水分。
根据“But they also get it from water r____down from the trees during it rains”可知，考拉也能从树上流下来的雨水中获取水分。run down from…从……中跑下来，固定短语，跟在句中water后面作后置定语，所以应用其现在分词形式running表主动关系，即滴落下来的水。故答案为running。
54. watch【解析】句意：梅拉和其他科学家每年都在野外观察考拉。根据下文“They find that koalas…”可知，科学家们每年都会在野外观察考拉。watch观察，动词，根据句中every year可知，本句时态为一般现在时，且主语Mella and other scientists为复数形式，故此处应用其原形。故答案为watch。
55. active【解析】句意：他们发现考拉晚上很活跃。根据首字母及生活常识可知，考拉晚上非常活跃。active活跃的，形容词，在句中作表语。故答案为active。
56. normally【解析】句意：一只成年考拉通常每天吃0.5到0.8公斤的树叶。根据首字母及语境可知，一只成年考拉通常每天吃0.5到0.8公斤的树叶。normally通常，副词，在句中修饰动词eat。故答案为normally。
57. life【解析】句意：梅拉指出，考拉一生中98%的时间都在树上度过。根据下文“She also notes that the only time they come down to the ground…”可知，考拉一生中大部分时间都在树上度过。life一生，可数名词，根据句中its可知，此处用其单数形式。故答案为life。
58. discover【解析】句意：她还指出，它们唯一一次落到地上是为了发现另一棵叶子更好的树。
根据首字母及语境可知，考拉唯一一次到地面上是为了发现树叶更好的树。discover发现，动词，用在to后面表目的，用其原形。故答案为discover。
59. local【解析】句意：事实上，“考拉”一词在当地语言中的意思是“不喝水”。根据语境可知，单词“考拉”在当地语言中意味着“不喝水”。local本地的，形容词，作定语形容名词language。故答案为local。
60. environment【解析】句意：由于2019年9月至2020年1月在澳大利亚发生的大火烧毁了考拉所居住的约30%的森林，考拉的生存环境正在变得越来越糟糕。根据“the fires from September 2019 to January 2020 in Australia have burned about 30% of the forests where they live”可知，考拉的居住场所几乎被大火烧毁，所以它们的生存环境越来越糟。environment环境，不可数名词。故答案为environment。
Passage 15（2020 •怀化市）

第一节 综合填空 阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。（每空限填一词）
Today there are already robots working in factories. Some can____41____(help) to build cars, and they do simple jobs over and over again. Fewer people will do such jobs in the future____42____they are boring, but robots will never get bored.
Scientists are now____43____(try) to make robots look like humans and do____44____same things as we do. Some robots in Japan can walk and dance. They are fun to watch. However, some scientists believe it will be____45____(difficulty) to make them really think like a human.
Scientists also believe that there will be____46____(many) robots in the future. These new robots will have many different____47____(shape). Some will look like humans and others might look like animals.____48____India, scientists make robots that look like snakes. If buildings fall down with people inside, ____49____(this) snake robots can help look for people under the buildings. This was not possible 20 years ago, but computers and rockets also seemed____50____(possible) 100 years ago. We never know what will happen in the future.
句意：本文主要讲现在已经有许多机器人在工厂工作，科学家们也坚信未来会有更多机器人，它们会有不同的形状，以满足人们的不同需求。
41. help【解析】句意：有些可以帮助制造汽车，它们一遍又一遍地做简单的工作。情态动词can后接动词原形help。故答案为help。
42. because【解析】句意：未来会有更少的人做这样的工作，因为它们很无聊，但机器人永远不会无聊。
空前讲“未来会有更少的人做这样的工作”，空后讲“它们很无聊，但机器人永远不会无聊”，前果后因，用because引导原因状语从句。故答案为because。
43. trying【解析】句意：科学家们正努力使机器人看起来像人类，并做与我们一样的事情。
根据空前“are now”可知此处表示现阶段正在持续的动作，用现在进行时，其结构为be doing，空前有be动词are，try的现在分词是trying。故答案为trying。
44. the【解析】句意：科学家们正试图使机器人看起来像人类，并做与我们一样的事情。根据空后“same”可知此处特指相同的事情，用定冠词the。故答案为the。
45. difficult【解析】句意：然而，一些科学家认为，让它们真正像人类一样思考将是困难的。
分析句子结构可知be动词后要用形容词作表语，difficulty的形容词形式是difficult，意为“困难的”。故答案为difficult。
46. more【解析】句意：科学家们还相信未来会有更多的机器人。根据上文中“Today there are already robots working in factories.”讲现在已经有机器人，结合题干中“in the future”可知此处是说未来比现在有更多机器人，用many的比较级more。故答案为more。
47. shapes【解析】句意：这些新机器人将有许多不同的形状。根据空前“many different”可知此处用shape的复数形式shapes表示“形状”。故答案为shapes。
48. In【解析】句意：在印度，科学家制造了看起来像蛇的机器人。空后“India”是大地点，用介词in表示“在”印度。故答案为In。
49. these【解析】句意：如果建筑物倒塌，里面有人，这些蛇形机器人可以帮助寻找建筑物下面的人。根据空后“snake robots”是复数形式，可推出此处用this的复数these表示“这些”。故答案为these。
50. impossible【解析】句意：这在20年前是不可能的，但在100年前，计算机和火箭似乎也是不可能的。
根据空后“100 years ago”讲一百年前，结合常识可知一百年前计算机和火箭似乎也是不可能的，用possible的反义词impossible表示“不可能的”。故答案为impossible。
Passage 16（2020 •娄底市）

四、语法填空
Dear Mom and Dad
I haven't seen you for a long time since I came to China as an exchange student. I ____36____ (real) miss you now. This is the ____37____ (one) time you haven't been with me on my birthday. Thanks for your birthday gift ____38____ England. I like it very much.
Because of COVID-19 (新冠肺炎), I can't go home, but you don't need to worry about me. I am safe here. Yesterday I ____39____ (have) a birthday party with Li Hua's family. Li Hua's mom made a big chocolate birthday cake for me, and she made much Chinese food that I loved best. We couldn't go out, ____40____ we enjoyed ourselves at home.
Li Hua and I have been busy with our studies since this Monday. We have been having online ____41____ (class) for several days. Sometimes, when I felt a little upset, Li Hua always told some jokes ____42____ (make) me happy or taught me how to make Chinese dishes.
Now people here are living a ____43____ (peace) life. On one hand, they stay away from others, and on the other hand, they try to help those in trouble, including us foreigners.____44____ kind Chinese people are! This is a country full of love.
Dear Mom and Dad, please take good care of _____45_____. I love you.
Yours,
Peter
文章讲述的是作者作为一名交换生在疫情期间不能回国，只能待在中国，但是他过的很快乐，并向父母描述他的生日是怎么过的以及介绍在中国的生活，并感慨中国是一个充满爱的国家。
36. really【解析】句意：我现在真的很想你们。根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知，空格在句中修饰的是动词miss，修饰动词要用副词，所给词是形容词，所以变成副词要加ly，故答案为really。
37. first【解析】句意：这是第一次在我生日那天没有和你们在一起。根据句意理解及空格前的the可知，这里表达的是“第一次”，英语中表达顺序要用序数词，one的序数词是first，故答案为first
38. from【解析】句意：谢谢你们从英国寄来的生日礼物。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“从英国寄来的礼物”，英语中表达“从……”是介词from，故答案为from。
39. had【解析】句意：昨天我和李华的家人开了一个生日聚会。根据句意理解可知，空格在句中作谓语，而句中的时间标志词是yesterday，所以应该用过去时，所以动词要用过去式，故答案为had。
40. but【解析】句意：我们不能出去，但我们在家玩得很开心。根据句意理解可知，We couldn’t go out与we enjoyed ourselves at home.前后两句是转折关系，用表示转折关系的连词是but，故答案为but。
41. classes【解析】句意：我们已经上了好几天网课了。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“上网课”，此处指的应该是很多课程，所以这里应该用复数形式，故答案为classes。
42. to make【解析】句意：当我有点不开心的时候，李华总是给我讲笑话让我开心。根据句意理解可知，空格表达的是“为了让我开心”，在句中做的是目的状语，英语应该用不定式表示，故答案为to make。
43. peaceful【解析】句意：现在这里的人们过着平静的生活。根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知，空格在句中修饰的是后面的名词life，英语中修饰名词要用形容词，peace是一个名词，变成形容词是peaceful故答案为peaceful。
44. How【解析】句意：中国人多善良啊！根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知，这里是一个感叹句，句子主语是Chinese people，谓语是are，主语前面是形容词kind，所以这里应该用how引导，位于句首首字母要大写，故答案为How。
45. yourselves【解析】句意：亲爱的爸爸妈妈，请多多保重。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“照顾自己”，所以应该用反身代词，而这里是对Mom和Dad说，所以这里应该表示“你们自己”，故答案为yourselves。
Passage 172020 •湖南省岳阳市）
West Lake is suitable for visiting all year round. The scenery is different according to the weather and season.
Spring
Spring ( from March to May) is the best season to visit West Lake. In Spring, green 36．(leaf) and flowers make West Lake more beautiful. Lots of visitors choose to visit West Lake in March and April.
Summer
Summer( from37． to August) is the season of Lotus(莲花) flowers. The lotuses attract many people. “Lotus in the Breeze at Crooked Courtyard" (曲院风荷)is one of the38． famous sights of West Lake. It is also the best place to visit in summer. It is an area by the 39． (west) bank of the lake. Every summer, there40． ( be) hundreds of kinds of beautiful lotuses41． are enjoyed by millions of visitors from home and abroad.
Autumn
Autumn( from September to November) is cool at West Lake. In Autumn, the enjoyable weather is right for42． ( walk) round or going boating on the lake. West Lake is also a popular place for enjoying the43． moon in the sky at the Mid - Autumn Festival.
Winter
Winter( from December to February) at West Lake is very cold and wet. Sometimes it snows. The snow makes West Lake white and beautiful. “Melting Snow at Broken Bridge" is beautiful scenery in winter. The bridge is famous not44． for its snowy scenery, but also for its romantic tale. It was on the Broken Bridge that Bai Suzhen first met her45．( love), Xu Xian.
本文主要讲述了西湖一年四季的美景。
36．leaves【解析】句意：春天，绿叶和鲜花使西湖更加美丽。考查名词。根据生活常识和句意可知，绿叶应不止一片，所以应用leaf的复数形式leaves，故填leaves。
37．June【解析】句意：夏季（六月至八月）是荷花盛开的季节。考查名词。根据上文Spring ( from March to May)及下文Autumn( from September to November)，可知夏季应从六月到八月，June六月，故填June。
38．most【解析】句意：“曲院风荷”是西湖最著名的景点之一。考查形容词最高级的构成。one of + 形容词最高级+ 名词复数，意为“最……之一”，famous最高级为the most famous，故填most。
39．western【解析】句意：它是湖西岸的一个地区。考查形容词。这里要修饰名词bank，所以应用形容词形式，west西方，是名词，其形容词为western，故填western。
40．are【解析】句意：每年夏天，这里都有数百种美丽的荷花，受到来自国内外数百万游客的喜爱。考查主谓一致。there be句型的主语是hundreds of kinds of beautiful lotuses，为复数形式，因此谓语动词应使用复数形式are，故填are。
41．which/that【解析】句意：每年夏天，这里都有数百种美丽的荷花，受到来自国内外数百万游客的喜爱。
考查定语从句关系词。分析句子结构可知先行词为lotuses，表示物，在定语从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词that/which，故填that/which。
42．walking【解析】句意：秋天，宜人的天气适合在湖边散步或划船。考查动名词。介词for后应使用动名词walking，故填walking。
43．bright【解析】句意：西湖也是中秋节赏月的好去处。考查形容词。根据常识可知，中秋节的月亮是明亮的，bright明亮的，为形容词，故填bright。
44．only【解析】句意：这座桥不仅以雪景闻名，而且以其浪漫的故事而闻名。考查连词的运用。not only…but also…为固定短语，意为“不仅……而且……”，故填only。
45．lover【解析】句意：白素贞是在断桥上第一次见到她的爱人许仙。考查名词。形容词性物主代词her修饰名词，love的名词形式为lover，故填lover。
【2019年】
2019年中考真题英语分项汇编
专题19 短文填空
考点4杂糅型填空
Passage 1（2019 •福建省）
Before paper was invented, people wrote or drew on materials such as bamboo, 81 [sɪlk], animal hide, and wooden blocks. Writing materials were 82 (real) expensive and few people learned to read. Therefore, few people wrote. This all changed, thanks 83 an man named Cai Lun.
Paper had already existed (存在) in China , but the process for 84 (produce) it was difficult and the paper was of low quality. Cai Lun began experimenting (试验) with many different materials and different 85 (method) to turn those materials into paper. In the year 105, he made it from tree bark, bamboo, cloth rags, and fishing nets. His paper was 86 (strong) and cheaper than any paper that had been made before.
With Cai Lun’s papermaking method, Chinese culture 87 [ɡruː] more rapidly over the next several centuries. That’s because ideas were much easier to share 88 more people learned to read. The use of paper spread abroad, helping 89 ['ʌðə] cultures record and spread their ideas. Today, Cai Lun is considered a national hero in China. But 90 whole world should remember the clever Chinese papermaker forever.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】主要讲述中国造纸术之父——蔡伦以及造纸的过程。
81. silk 考查音标。根据句意及所给音标拼写规则可知。
82. really 考查副词。根据句意可知，书写材料是真的很昂贵，这里修饰 expensive 要用副词，real 的副词为 really。
83. to 考查介词。根据句意，多亏了一个叫做蔡伦的人 ，thanksto 意为“多亏了…” ，因此填介词 to。
84. producing 考查非谓语动词。根据句意，纸在中国已经存在 ，但是生产纸的过程还是很困难，并且纸是低质量的。再根据介词后面接动词的 ing 形式，for 为介词，因此这里填producing。
85. methods 考查名词复数。根据句意可知，蔡伦是以很多不同的材料和不同的方法开始试验，different 后面接名词的复数形式，method 复数形式为 methods。
86. stronger 考查形容词比较级，根据句意可知，他的纸比之前使用的任何纸都来得更牢固和更便宜，因此这里填 strong 的比较级 stronger。
87. grew 考查音标。根据句意及所给音标的拼写规则可知。
88. and 考查并列连词，根据句意可知，那是因为想法更容易分享，并且更多人学会阅读，因此这里填 and。
89. other 考查音标。根据句意及所给音标的拼写规则可知。
90. the 考查冠词。句意为“一整个世界应该永远记住这个聪明的中国造纸者”，the whole world 表示一整个世界，因此这里填 the。
Passage 2（2019 •浙江省绍兴市）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Tani, 8 years old, ran away from Nigeria with his family two years ago. （1）________ they got to the United States, a churchman （2）________ (warm) helped place them in a homeless shelter (收容所) in New York. Tani's dad worked as a driver. And his mom studied hard （3）________ (become) a nurse. Tani started going to Primary School 116. There, （4）________ learned to play the game that would change his life: chess.
On March 10th, Tani （5）________ (win)a state champion (冠军) for little kids. He beat 73 other players. Some had practiced with private chess teachers, but Tani had practiced on （6）________ floor of the homeless shelter alone.
A reporter wrote an article about Tani. In three weeks, thousands （7）________ people gave away over $250, 000 to Tani and his family on GoFundMe. Some also left （8）________ (message). "Tani! You are a superstar!" one person wrote.
Recently, Tani and his family （9）________ (decide) to giveaway all the money. "Thanks to others' help, we live much （10）________ (happily) than before" Tani's father, Kayoed, told TIME for Kids. "Now we want to help poor people."
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文叙述尼日利亚难民一个八岁孩子塔尼和家人一起当他们到达美国时，一位牧师热情地帮助他们在纽约的无家可归者收容所里安顿下来。在那里，他学会了玩会改变他的生活的游戏：下棋。3月10日，塔尼赢得了国家儿童冠军。在一位好心人的记者写了一篇关于塔尼的文章。三周之内，数千人在Gofundme向Tani和他的家人捐赠了超过25万美元。但他们最近，塔尼和他的家人决定把所有的钱都捐出。他们各自的生活比以前好多了。
（1）When /After考查连词。句意：当他们到达美国时，一位牧师热情地帮助他们在纽约的无家可归者收容所里安顿下来。根据前后句意思，可知前句是后句发生的时间，要用连词when/after，故答案为 When /After 。
（2）warmly考查副词。句意：当他们到达美国时，一位牧师热情地帮助他们在纽约的无家可归者收容所里安顿下来。修饰动词helped，要用副词。形容词warm的副词warmly，故答案为warmly。
（3）to become考查不定式。句意：他妈妈努力学习成为一名护士。由句子结构可知，句子的谓语动词studied，become要用非谓语动词，此处表示动词studied的目的，要用不定式做目的状语，故答案为 to become 。
（4）he考查人称代词主格。句意：在那里，他学会了玩会改变他的生活的游戏：下棋。由句子结构可知，缺少主语，此处是指Tani，男孩名，要用人称代词的主格he，答案为he。
（5）won考查一般过去时。句意：3月10日，塔尼赢得了国家儿童冠军。根据下句中的谓语动词beat，可知用一般过去时，winder过去式won，故答案为won。
（6）the考查定冠词。句意：但塔尼一个人在无家可归者收容所的地板上练习。根据空格后的可数名词floor of the homeless shelter alone. 可知表示特指的地板，要用定冠词the，故答案为the。
（7）of考查固定短语。句意：三周之内，数千人在Gofundme向Tani和他的家人捐赠了超过25万美元。thousands of+可数名词复数，成千上万的，表示不确定的数量，固定短语。故答案为of。
（8）messages考查句意名词复数。句意：还有一些留言。message，信息，可数名词，空格前没有冠词，要用复数表示一类，故答案为messages。
（9）have decided考查现在完成时。句意：最近，塔尼和他的家人决定把所有的钱都捐出。根据recently，最近，常与现在完成时连用，have/has+过去分词，主语 Tani and his family ， 看作复数，要用have，decide的过去分词decided，故答案为have decided。
（10）more happily考查副词比较级。句意：我们活得比以前幸福多了。空格前有  live much，可知修饰动词要用副词的比较级。happily的比较级more happily，故答案为more happily。
Passage 3（2019 •深圳市）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构和上下午连贯要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。
Jason and Andy are twins. They share a lot of things, including room, food and toys.
One Saturday, Jason and Andy went out 46. ___________ (play) with a toy car. Both of them wanted to be the owner of the car, so they shouted at each other. 47. ___________ (They) mother heard the boys arguing. She came out and told them to take turns to play with the toy car, but the twins wouldn’t.
A few days later, Mother brought 48. ___________ pet home. “Can’t we each have our own pet dog?” asked the boys. They were 49. ___________ (tire) of sharing everything.
“No! The dog must 50. ___________ (share).” Mother said. “You will have to feed the dog and make sure it does not get into anything wrong.”
Several days later, the dog got into mother’s room 51. ___________ (secret) and made a mess there. Jason saw the dog playing with mother’s clothes. He quickly went to find Andy and told him 52. ___________ the dog had done.
“Oh, no! It’s our duty to clean up the mess!” 53. ___________ (cry) Andy. They boys picked up the clothes and put them away rapidly.
“Just think, Jason,” said Andy, “what a big mess two 54. ___________ (dog) would made!” “I agree 55. ___________ you,” laughed Jason, “Maybe sharing isn’t so bad!”
【答案与解析】
46. to play 考查不定式，他们出去玩玩具，to play 表目的。
47. Their 考查物主代词， “他们的”要用 “Their”。
48. a 考查不定冠词，dog 可数名词单数，前面应用冠词限定。由题意可知“妈妈买了一只宠物狗”，用不定冠词 a。
49. tired 考查固定搭配，be tired of doing sth. 表示厌倦/厌烦做某事。
50. be shared 考查被动语态，这只小狗要“由他们俩分享”也是“被分享”，所以要用 “must be shared”。
51. secretly 考查词性转化和副词用法；该空需要修饰动词 “got into”用副词修饰，secret n.秘密；adj. 秘密的，变成副词 secretly adv. 秘密地，悄悄地。
52. what 考查宾语从句，从句 “he had done”缺少宾语，句意“告诉他这个狗做了什么”， 故用 what。
53. cried 考查动词时态，句意“Andy 大喊到…”，由前后句可知，为过去时态，改成 cried。
54. dogs 考查名词复数，dog 是可数名词，两只狗，直接加 s。
55. with 考查固定搭配， agree with sb.表示同意某人。
Passage 4（2019 •河北省）
根据短文内容所给提示，在文中的横线上填写一个正确的单词。
I have a photo album (相册). It’s a present from my classmate—David.
I got to know David on the 71.__________ (two) day of middle school. We both liked playing basketball and collecting stamps, 72. s__________ we always had a lot of things to talk about. Once I traveled with him to his hometown in the countryside. He showed me 73. a__________ and I saw many interesting things. We had a 74.__________ (wonder) time. It is really nice to have such 75.__________ good classmate.
   However, last summer, David 76.__________ (go) to another city because of his father’s job. Before leaving, he gave 77.__________ (I) a photo album. “It has the memorable events we have experienced together. I have also written some 78.__________ (note) under each of these photos,” he said. I was 79.__________ (deep) moved.
   I always look at the album when I think 80.__________ David. I really miss him.
【答案与解析】
71. second 词形填空题，考查数词，根据前面的the和句意推断，应该是在上中学的第二天，所以把基数词改为序数词。
72. so 首字母填空题，根据前后句判断应该填连词，有共同的爱好，所以才会有共同语言。
73. around 首字母填空题，根据句意，在他的家乡，他带我参观，show sb. around带某人参观。
74. wonderful 词形填空题，考查短语have a wonderful time，wonderful变形容词修饰名词time。
75. a 词汇盲填题，考查结构such a +adj. +n.，后面的classmate是单数名词。
76. went 词形填空题，考查动词时态，根据前面的时间状语last summer，可知考查一般过去时。
77. me 词形填空题，考查代词，give sb. sth. 的结构，give动词后要用宾格。
78. notes 词形填空题，考查名词单复数，根据前面some，可知可数名词note要变复数形式。
79. deeply 词形填空题，考查形容词，根据句子结构可知修饰moved，所以要变副词形式。
80. of 词汇盲填题，考查短语think of，表示想到，想起。
Passage 5（2019 •山东省枣庄市）
阅读下面材料，并填空，有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不多于3个单词。
One of the world's most dangerous sports is mountain climbing， and one of the___21___popular places for this is the Himalayas． The Himalayas___22___（run） along the southwestern part of China．
Of all the mountains， Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous．___23___ is 8，844． 43 meters high and so is very ___24___（danger）to climb． It is very hard to take in air as you get near the top．
The first Chinese team ___25___（reach） the top in 1960， while___26___first woman to succeed was Junko Taibei from Japan in 1975．
Why do so many climbers risk their lives？ One of the main ___27___（reason） is that people want to challenge themselves ___28___ of difficulties， The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up ___29___（try） to achieve our dreams． It also shows that humans___30___（be） stronger than the forces of nature in some situations
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】世界上最危险的运动之一是爬山，最受欢迎的地方之一是喜马拉雅山。第一支中国队在1960年登上顶峰，而第一位成功的女性是日本的Junko Taibei 在1975年登上登峰。面对困难，我们不应该放弃努力实现梦想。
21. most 考查最高级。根据one of the…popular places 可知填最高级修饰名词，popular的最高级是most popular，句意：最受欢迎的地方之一是喜马拉雅山。故答案是：most。
22. run 考查一般现在时。根据上下文结合语境可知是一般现在时，主语The Himalayas复数，动词用原形，句意：喜马拉雅山脉位于中国西南部。故答案是：run。
23. It 考查代词。根据…is 8，844.43 meters high可知空格处指的是 Qomolangma，用it代替，句意：它8844.43米高．故答案是：It。
24. dangerous 考查形容词。very 修饰形容词，danger名词，危险，dangerous形容词，危险，结合所给词可知句意：所以爬山很危险。故答案是：dangerous。
25. reached 考查一般过去时。根据in 1960用一般过去时，结合所给词可知句意：第一支中国队在1960年登上顶峰。故答案是：reached。
26. the 考查冠词。根据…first woman to succeed was Junko Taibei 可知填定冠词the，序数词first前通常用the，句意：而第一位成功的女性是日本的Junko Taibei 在1975年登上登峰，故答案是：the。
27. reasons 考查名词复数。one of the +adj +复数名词，句意：其中一个主要原因是面对困难时人们想挑战自己。故答案是：reasons。
28. in the face 考查短语。根据上下文可知句意：其中一个主要原因是面对困难时人们想挑战自己。in the face of 面对，故答案是：in the face of。
29. trying 考查动名词。give up doing sth. 放弃做某事，结合所给词可知句意：我们不应该放弃努力实现梦想。故答案是：trying。
30. may be 考查情态动词。根据 It also shows that humans…stronger than the forces of nature in some situations，结合所给词可知句意：它还表明，在某种环境下人类可能比自然的力量更强大，may be 可能是，情态动词后跟动词原形，故答案是：may be。
Passage 6（2019 •浙江省衢州市）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法情况和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空不超过两词。
It was our school’s yearly dancing show. I ___46___(be) excited that I was chosen by the teacher this time although I didn’t have any experience of dancing for a show. I would dance in front of all the students and ___47___(teacher). It made me very proud.
However, I was a bit sad ___48___ my father had no time to watch me dance. He ___49___(invite) to have a business meeting. I knew that my father would surely come to my show if he could. ___50___(lucky), my mother and my elder sister were still coming to watch my show.
___51___ the beginning of the day, I was very nervous. After changing into the dress and getting my makeup done, I felt ___52___(relax). Then I went on to the stage bravely. I was very glad to see my mother and sister sitting in ___53___ second row.
Just before the lights turned dark, I saw my father rush into the hall and take the seat beside my mother. ___54___ a pleasant surprise it was! The sight of my father made ___55___(I) smile. I began dancing confidently. Soon after the show, my family came backstage to congratulate me. I was so happy and lucky to have my family’s support.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文作者讲述自己第一次参加舞蹈表演的经历。
46. was 句意：我很兴奋这次我被老师选中了，尽管我没有任何舞蹈表演的经验。根据上文It was our school’s yearly dancing show.时态是一般过去时，可知本文主要时态是一般过去时。be过去式was和were，本句主语是I单数，可知填was。
47. teachers 句意：我会在所有学生和老师面前跳舞。可数名词复数表示泛指，单数一般不单独使用；teacher：教师，复数teachers。结合句意和所给词提示可知答案是teachers。
48. because/since/as 句意：但是，我有点难过，因为我父亲没有时间看我跳舞。根据句意可知前后句是因果关系，后句表示原因，结合句意可知答案是because/since/as。
49. was invited 句意：他被邀请开一个商务会议。根据句意可知主语和动词是被动关系，本文时态是一般过去时，故此句是一般过去时的被动语态，其构成was/were +动词过去分词；invite的过去分词是invited；主语是he,所以用was。答案是was invited。
50. Luckily 句意：幸运的是，我妈妈和姐姐仍然会来看我的节目。副词可以修饰整个句子，一般用逗号与主句隔开；本词修饰整个句子，可知填副词。lucky：幸运的，形容词，副词形式luckily；答案是Luckily。
51. At 句意：在这一天开始的时候，我很紧张。短语at the beginning of：在……开始；注意：句子开头第一个字母要大写，结合句意可知答案At。
52. relaxed 句意：换上衣服，化妆后，我觉得很轻松。feel：感觉，感官系动词，后面跟形容词做表语，过去式felt。relax：放松，休息，动词；形容词有relaxed和relaxing，relaxed：感到放松的，一般修饰人，在句中一般作表语或补语；relaxing：令人放松的，指事物本身具有的特性，一般修饰物，在句子中作表语、定语或补语；本句主语是人，答案是relaxed。
53. the 句意：我很高兴看到我的母亲和妹妹坐在第二排。序数词前使用定冠词the；答案是the。
54. What 句意：它真是个惊喜！考查感叹句，感叹句由what和how引导，what修饰的中心词是名词，how修饰的中心词是副词或形容词。本句修饰名词surprise，可知此感叹句使用what引导。故答案是What。
55. me 句意：看到我父亲，我笑了。短语make sb. do sth.：使某人做某事，make是动词，需接人称代词的宾格形式；I：我，人称代词主格，宾格是me；答案是me。
Passage 7（2019 •浙江省宁波市）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的词。或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
An old man went to India. When he got there, he saw some fruit for sale, but most of it was very cheap. The _____51_____(cheap) thing was a basket of red fruit.
"How much per kilo?" the old man _____52_____( ask).
"Two rupees (卢比) ," the shopkeeper answered. Two rupees in India is almost nothing, ___53___the old man bought a whole kilogram and started eating it.
However, as soon as he started eating, his mouth began ____54____ (burn), his eyes began to water, and his whole face became as red ____55____ the fruit. As he coughed and struggled to breathe, he jumped up and ____56____, screaming: “Ah! Ah! Ah!”
And yet he continued to eat the fruit. Some people who were looking at him shook their_____57_____ (head) and said, "You are crazy? Those are chili peppers (辣椒) ! You can't just eat them by the handful!”
The old man said to ____58____ (he), "I paid for them, so I must eat them."
This old man seemed pretty stupid. But are we so much smarter? All of us have _____59_____ (spend) money and time on something一maybe a relationship, or a business, or a job一and sometimes, even if we know there's no hope that things will change, we still continue with it.
What we can learn _______60_______ the old man is this: if you've lost a lot over something that doesn’t work, let it go and move on. It's better than continuing to lose.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】一个老人去了印度，买了一些红色的水果。当他吃了这种“水果”之后，他的嘴唇发烫，眼泪直流，脸也变得很红，原来他买的是辣椒。当人们都劝他不要再吃的时候，他不听，他觉得自己花钱买的，就要吃掉。通过讲述这个故事作者告诉我们：如果你在一些不成功的事情上失去了很多，那就让它过去，继续前进，总比继续输更好。
51. cheapest 句意：最便宜的东西是一篮子红色的水果。cheap便宜的，是一个形容词。根据上句话When he got there, he saw some fruit for sale, but most of it was very cheap.可知，大多数水果都很便宜，这句话说的是其中最便宜的，故这里应填最高级cheapest。
52. asked 句意：这个老人问：“多少钱一公斤？”ask问，是一个动词。根据文意可知，短文讲述的是发生在过去的一个故事，全文以一般过去时为主叙述，故这里应填过去式asked。
53. so 句意：两卢比在印度几乎一文不值，因此这个老人买了整整一公斤，开始吃起来。根据两句话的意思可知，前一句话表示原因，后面这句话是结果，故这里填连词so，意为“因此，所以”。
54. to burn/ burning 句意：然而，他一开始吃，他的嘴就开始发烫，他的眼睛也流出了眼泪，他的脸也变得像那个水果一样红。burn燃烧，发热，是一个动词。空began的原形是begin，意为“开始”，常用于句型begin to do sth.或者begin doing sth.“开始做某事”，因此这里应填to burn或者burning。
55. as 句意：然而，他一开始吃，他的嘴就开始发烫，他的眼睛也流出了眼泪，他的脸也变得像那个水果一样红。根据句意可知，这里考查的是短语as…as…“和……一样”，故这里填as。
56. dawn 句意：他咳嗽着，挣扎着呼吸，上下跳跃，尖叫这：“啊，啊，啊！”up and down上上下下，是一个固定短语，故这里应填down。
57. heads 句意：看到他的一些人都摇着头说：“你疯了吗？”head头，是一个名词。根据句意Some people who were looking at him shook可知，这里指的是“一些人的头”，应该用复数，故填heads。
58. himself 句意：这个老人自言自语说：“我花钱买的，所以我必须吃掉他们。”he是人称代词主格形式，意为“他”。根据句意可知，老人对自己说…，故这里应填反身代词himself。
59. spent 句意：我们所有人都在某事上花费时间或金钱，或许是一段关系、一个事业或者是一份工作。spend花费，是一个动词。这一段是讲完了故事，给我们总结其中的哲理，应用现在时态。空前有have，结合句意可知应用现在完成时，故这里填过去分词spent。
60. from 句意：从这个老人身上我们学到的东西是：如果你在一些不成功的事情上失去了很多，那就让它过去，继续前进，总比继续输更好。根据句意可知，这里考查的是固定短语learn from…从……中学到。故应填from。
【点睛】
这是一篇记叙文，通过讲述一个愚蠢的老人的故事，作者讲述一个道理。题型是语法填空，要求根据文意填写适当的单词，或者用所给单词的适当形式填空。做题时，应先通读短文，了解文章大意；然后根据上下文语境填写适当单词。给出单词的，应根据单词在句中的作用以及句中使用的句型，变化单词的适当形式。例如第55小题，根据句意可知，这里考查的是短语as…as…“和…一样”，表示同级比较，故这里填as。再如第57小题，head头，是一个名词。根据句意Some people who were looking at him shook可知，这里指的是“一些人的头”，应该用复数，故填heads。
Passage 8（2019 •浙江省金华、义乌、丽水市）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Do you play Ant Forest? It is ___46___online game on Alipay(支付宝). Players ___47___(collect) “energy” by doing something environmentally-friendly. They can grow and water ___48___(they) own “trees” with the “energy”. ___49___ the “trees” are big enough, Alipay with some other companies will plant real trees in the desert(沙漠) area of China. Every year millions of trees ___50___(plant) in this way.
This is part of China’s tree-planting program. It hopes ___51___(stop) the desert from becoming larger. Since 1978, China has planted over 66 billion trees ___52___ the north. It is known as “the Great Green Wall”. For example, Saihanba in Hebei Province was once a desert, ___53___ now it has become the biggest man-made forest in China.
“China is making the world much ___54___(green) than before. It sets a good example and has many ___55___(lesson) to share with the world,” said the United Nations Environment Program.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文讲述了一个关于支付宝的在线游戏——Ant Forest游戏。玩家通过做一些环保的事情来收集"能量"。他们可以用“能量”来生长和浇灌自己的“树”。当“树”足够大时，支付宝和其他一些公司将在中国沙漠地区种植真正的树木。每年都有数以百万计的树木以这种方式种植。这是中国植树计划的一部分，它希望阻止沙漠变大。
46. an 考查冠词。根据It is __46__online game on Alipay(支付宝).可知此处应填不定冠词an，an用于元音因素开头的单词前，句意是：这是支付宝上的一个网上游戏；故答案填an。
47. collect 考查一般现在时。根据上下文结合语境可知句子时态用一般现在时，主语Players是复数，所以谓语动词用原形，句意是：玩家通过做一些环保的事情来收集"能量"；故答案填collect。
48. their 考查物主代词。根据后面的own "trees"可知此处应填形容词性物主代词修饰名词，they的形容词性物主代词是their；句意是：他们可以用“能量”来种植和浇灌自己的“树”；故答案填their。
49. When 考查连词。根据__49__ the “trees” are big enough, Alipay with some other companies will plant real trees in the desert(沙漠) area of China.可知本句是when引导的时间状语从句，句意是：当“树”足够大时，支付宝和其他一些公司将在中国沙漠地区种植真正的树木；故答案填When。
50. are planted 考查被动语态。根据Every year millions of trees__50__(plant) in this way.可知本句主语trees和动词plant之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态，由Every year可知用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为：am/is/are+动词的过去分词，主语是复数，be动词用are，plant的过去分词是planted；句意是：每年都有数以百万计的树木以这种方式种植；故答案填are planted。
51. to stop 考查动词不定式。hope to do sth希望做某事，句意是：它希望阻止沙漠变大；故答案填to stop。
52. in 考查介词。in the north在北方，句意是：自1978年以来，中国在北方种植了660多亿棵树；故答案填in。
53. but 考查连词。根据Saihanba in Hebei Province was once a desert, ___53___ now it has become the biggest man-made forest in China.可知前后句之间是转折关系，句意是：河北塞罕坝曾经是一片沙漠，但现在它已成为中国最大的人工林；故答案填but。
54. greener 考查比较级。根据后面的than before，可知此处应用比较级形式，green“绿色的”，其比较级是greener；句意是：中国正在使世界变得比以前更绿；故答案填greener。
55. lessons 考查名词复数。many“许多”，修饰名词复数，句意是：它树立了一个很好的榜样，有许多经验教训可以与世界分享；故答案填lessons。
【点睛】
本题为短文填空，首先要快速浏览全文，理解短文的大致意思，再精读短文注意所填的词在句中的词性、时态等等。然后根据句意、上下文联系、语境及所给出的单词提示，填写合适的词语。如，第3小题，根据后面的own "trees"可知此处应填形容词性物主代词修饰名词，they的形容词性物主代词是their；句意是：他们可以用“能量”来种植和浇灌自己的“树”；故答案填their。第10小题，提示词lesson意为“教训、课”，可数名词；many“许多”，修饰名词复数，句意是：它树立了一个很好的榜样，有许多经验教训可以与世界分享；故答案填lessons。


Passage 9（2019 •济宁）
As we all know, Wang Xuan was a very famous computer scientist and inventor in the world. He is famous ____24____the Chinese Language Laser typesetting (激光照排系统)，
Laser typesetting for Chinese language was a serious problem for scientists all over the world. But Wang Xuan was not afraid to try new technology. Although he___25___ (fail) many times, he never gave up. He is believed to be the ___26___ (important) developer in printing Chinese after Bi Sheng. Now, Wang Xuan's amazing invention ___27___ (use) all over the world.
Wang Xuan's story teaches us that a person ___28___ (follow) him own dream and try his best to make it come true.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】文章介绍了中国的电脑科学家和发明家——王选，以及他发明的激光照排系统。
24. for 句意：他因中国汉字激光照排系统而著名。根据句意可是be famous for因……而著名，故填for。
25. had failed 句意：尽管他失败了许多次。根据激光照排系统已经发明出来，失败在发明出来之前，所以用过去完成时态，结构是had+过去分词，故填had failed。
26. most important 句意：他被认为是毕昇之后在汉字印刷术上最重要的开创者。根据in printing Chinese after Bi Sheng.可知用最高级，故填most important。
27. is used 句意：王选的惊人的发明被全世界使用。根据invention 和use之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，根据now可知用一般现在时态，根据主语 invention 单数，所以用is，故填is used。
28. should follow 句意：王选的故事告诉我们一个人应该追随他的梦想，尽最大努力让它实现。根据句意可知是应该追随，should应该，情态动词，后用动词原形，故填should follow。
Passage 10（2019 •湖北省黄冈市）
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（提示：每空不超过三个单词）
Dear Laura,
Thanks for your message. Yes, I’m having a great time on my exchange program in France. I was a bit nervous before I arrived here, but there was no reason to be. My host family is really nice.
They go out of their way_____45_____(make) me feel at home. The grandmother has a teenage granddaughter about my age ____46____ is really kind. She always talks to me in French to help me practice. And you wouldn’t believe how quickly my French has____47____(improve)! I'm very comfortable speaking French now. ____48____I still make lots of mistakes, it doesn’t worry me as it used to.
My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table. ____49____ you can imagine, things are really different from the way they are at home. For example, you shouldn’t put your bread on your plate. You___50___ ( suppose) to put it on the table! I thought that was pretty strange at first, but now I’m used to it. You shouldn’t eat_____51_____( something) with your hands except bread, not even fruit. You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork. Another thing is that it is very____52____(polite) to say you're full. If you don't want any more food, you should just say, “It was delicious.” Also, you shouldn't put your elbows on the table. I have to say that I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m____53____( gradual) getting used to it. I don’t find French customs so strange any more.
Dear Laura, I’ll write again soon and tell you more about my life in France. Hope you are having _____54_____ good school year.
Yours,
Lin Yue
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文介绍了作为一名交换生，作者在法国的寄宿家庭的亲身感受。文章介绍了在法国，他们想方设法让我有宾至如归的感觉。祖母有一个和我差不多大的一个孙女，她真的很善良。他们用法语与我交流，这使得我的法语进步很快！接下来介绍了法国的风俗礼仪。首先，面包不应该放在盘子里，应该把它放在桌子上！其次，不应该用手吃任何东西，除了面包，甚至水果。第三，说“吃饱了”是很不礼貌的。应该说，“它很好吃。”
45. to make 句意：他们想方设法让我有宾至如归的感觉。本题用动词不定式来做go out of their way的目的，语境是：他们想方设法让我有宾至如归的感觉。故答案为：to make。
46. who/that 句意：祖母有一个和我差不多大的一个孙女，她真的很善良。本题考查定语从句，先行词是granddaughter，指人的，因此引导词可以用who或that。故答案为：who/that。
47. improved 句意：你不会相信我的法语进步有多快！结合语境：我的法语进步有多快！可知，该题的时态应该用现在完成时，其结构是：助动词has/have+动词的过去分词。improve的过去分词为improved。所以答案为：improved。
48. Although／Though 句意：虽然我还是犯了很多错误，但它不像以前那样困扰我。句子I still make lots of mistakes,和it doesn’t worry me as it used to.之间存在着转折关系，因此填：although／though；句子开头，首字母要大写。故答案为：Although／Though。
49. As 句意：正如你所想的，事情确实跟在家里的时候完全不同。结合语境可知，本题填：as；as you can imagine为定语从句，as为imagine的宾语。意为：正如，就像。首字母要大写。故答案为：As。
50. are supposed 句意：你应该把它放在桌子上！根据For example, you shouldn’t put your bread on your plate. 例如，你不应该把面包放在盘子里。可知，下文是：你应该把它放在桌子上！本题考查be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事。因为主语是You，因此谓语用are。故答案为：are supposed。
51. anything 句意：你不应该用手吃任何东西，除了面包，甚至水果。由shouldn’t可知，本题是否定句，因此应该用anything；something用于肯定句中。故答案为：anything。
52. impolite 句意：另一件事是：说你吃饱了是很不礼貌的。根据If you don't want any more food, you should just say, “It was delicious.” 如果你不想要更多的食物，你应该说，“它很好吃。”可知，这句话是“吃饱了”的委婉表达，因此说“我吃饱了”是不礼貌的。故答案填：impolite。
53. gradually 句意：我不得不说，我觉得很难记住每件事，但我逐渐习惯了。短语getting used to“逐渐习惯了”是动词短语，因此前面用副词来修饰，gradual的副词为gradually。所以答案为：gradually。
54. a 句意：希望你有一个好的学年。have a good school year，这是祝福语：祝你学年愉快！所以答案为a。
2019年中考真题英语分项汇编
专题19 短文填空
考点4杂糅型填空
Passage 1（2019 •浙江省湖州市）
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Greetings from Madrid!
I can't believe I'm finally here! The trip from Hong Kong ___51___ (be) long and tiring, but I made it. My hotel is nice and I am staying in a guesthouse in the central area of Madrid. I got a cheap and simple room, much ___52___ (small) than my own room back home. It only has a small bed and shower, ___53___ it is quite comfortable to stay in.
The weather here is wonderful. It's warm and sunny, ___54___ clear blue skies every day. It's great for sightseeing, because there are a lot of things to see and do. I've found a friendly guide here and yesterday I ___55___ (show) around the city. Tomorrow he will take ___56___ (I) to Andalusia to visit the city of Granada. I can't wait ___57___ (see) the Alhambra Palace and other places of interest. Also, I ___58___ (real) want to try the food there - especially gazpacho, ___59___ kind of cold soup which I hear is special, very different from anything else in Spain.
I'll bring you back some ___60___ (present). See you next month!
Love,
Jamie
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】文章介绍了作者旅游的一些情况，住的房间很小，但是很舒服，天气温暖，阳光明媚，湛蓝的天空，友好的导游带他参观了很多名胜，还要品尝当地的名吃美食。
51. was 句意：在香港的旅游又长又累。根据but I made it.可知是过去时态，主语The trip单数，故填was。
52. smaller 句意：比我自己的房间小得多。根据than可知用比较级，故填smaller。
53. but 句意：但是住在里面相当舒服。It only has a small bed and shower, 和 it is quite comfortable to stay in之间的关系，可知是转折关系，故填but。
54. with 句意：每天有湛蓝的天空。根据It's warm and sunny, ___54___ clear blue skies every day可知是有，根据句子结构，可知用with介词，带有，故填with。
55. was shown/was showed 句意：昨天我参观了这个城市。根据show sb around带领某人参观，主语I和show之间被动关系，所以用被动语态，结构是be+过去分词，根据yesterday可知是过去时态，故填was shown/was showed。
56. me 句意：明天他将带我去Andalusia。根据句子结构，可知这里是作宾语，所以用宾格，故填me。
57. to see 句意：我迫不及待想看Alhambra宫殿。根据can’t wait to do sth迫不及待做某事，故填to see。
58. really 句意：我真的想品尝一下这儿的食物。根据副词修饰动词want，故填really。
59. a 句意：我听说一种凉汤很特殊。根据is可知是单数，a kind of一种，故填a。
60. presents 句意：我要给你带回一些礼物。根据some可知用复数；故填presents。
Passage 2（2019 •浙江省杭州市）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The eco-house
Simon Dale didn’t want to live in a city’s apartment building. So he made up his mind ___36___(build) his own home in the countryside. He moved to Wales with his family and built a wooden eco-house. With the help of his father-in-law, a builder, he moved into a ___37___ (comfort) new home after only four months. ___38___only cost $4,700 to build the house.
The eco-house is made of natural ___39___ (material). Simon Dale and his father-in-law ___40___ (dig) into the side of a hill and then used the mud and stone to make the walls. The floors ___41___ (make) from wood from the nearby area. The design is open-plan. There is no central heating, ___42___ there’s a wood-burner and solar panels (太阳能电板) on the top ___43___ can provide power for lighting, music and computing. Drinking water is from a nearby spring. The fridge stays cool, thanks ___44___ air from under the ground. Simon Dale says, “We try to live in peace with the natural world.” He has ___45___ (certain) done his best to achieve that.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】这篇短文给我们介绍的是Simon Dale这个人，他不喜欢住在城市的公寓里，他觉得我们应该与自然世界和谐共处。于是在他岳父的帮助下，他在农村建了一所房子，这是一个生态住房，材料都是天然的。
36. to build 句意：因此他下定决心在农村修建他自己的房子。build修建，建筑，是一个动词。句中谓语动词部分使用了短语make up one’s mind“下定决心”，后面常跟动词不定式形式，故这里应填to build。
37. comfortable 句意：他的岳父是一个建筑工人，在他的帮助下，他仅仅在四个月之后就搬进了舒服的新家。comfort可以作动词或者名词，意为“舒适，安慰”。根据句意可知，这里表示“一个…的家”，应用形容词形式comfortable，“舒适的”，修饰后面的名词home。
38. It 句意：修建这个房子只花费了4,700美元。根据句意可知，这里表示建造房子花费了…钱，It是形式主语，to build the house是真正的主语。故填It。
39. materials 句意：这个生态的房子是有天然的材料制成的。material材料，是一个名词。根据文意和常识可知，建造房子需要很多的材料，故这里应填名词复数materials。
40. dug 句意：Simon和他的岳父在山坡上挖了个洞，然后用泥和石头做墙。dig挖，是一个动词。根据句意可知，这句话表达的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。并且空后and the used…使用了过去式，and连接并列的谓语动词，故这里也填过去式dug，是不规则的变化。
41. are made 句意：地板是用附近地区的木头铺成的。make制作，是一个动词。根据句意可知，The floors与动词构成被动关系，应用被动语态；这句话说的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，故应填are made。
42. but 句意：没有暖气，但是有一个烧木头的火炉和太阳能电池板，提供照明、音乐和电脑的用电。根据句意，空前提到no central heating，而空后是there’s a wood-burner and solar panels“有…”，前后位转折关系，故这里应填but。
43. which/that 句意：没有暖气，但是有一个烧木头的火炉和太阳能电池板，提供照明、音乐和电脑的用电。根据句子结构可知，这里是一个定语从句，先行词是solar panels，指物，从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词which或者that引导。
44. to 句意：多亏了地下的空气，冰箱能保持凉爽。根据句意可知，这里考查的是固定短语thanks to，意为“多亏，幸亏，由于”，故这里填to。
45. certainly 句意：当然他尽了最大努力来实现这一点。certain当然的，肯定的，是一个形容词。根据句意和句子结构可知，这个词修饰的是整个句子的内容，应用副词形式，故填certainly。
Passage 3（2019 •福建省）
阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给的单词提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，要求所填的单词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Before paper was invented, people wrote
or drew on materials such as bamboo
81. ___________ [sɪlk], animal hide, and wooden blocks. Writing materials were 82. ___________ (real) expensive and few people learned to read. Therefore, few people wrote. This all changed, thanks 83. ___________ an man named Cai Lun.
Paper had already existed(存在) in China , but the process for 84. ___________ (produce) it was difficult and the paper was of low quality. Cai Lun began experimenting (试验) with many different materials and different 85. ___________ (method) to turn those materials into paper. In the year 105, he made it from tree bark, bamboo, cloth rags, and fishing nets. His paper was 86. ___________ (strong) and cheaper than any paper that had been made before.
With Cai Lun’s papermaking method, Chinese culture 87. ___________ [ɡruː] more rapidly over the next several centuries. That’s because ideas were much easier to share 88. ___________ more people learned to read. The use of paper spread abroad, helping 89. ___________ ['ʌðə] cultures record and spread their ideas. Today, Cai Lun is considered a national hero in China. But 90. ___________ whole world should remember the clever Chinese papermaker forever.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】主要讲述中国造纸术之父——蔡伦以及造纸的过程。
81. silk 考查音标。根据句意及所给音标拼写规则可知。
82. really 考查副词。根据句意可知，书写材料是真的很昂贵，这里修饰 expensive要用副词，real的副词为 really。
83. to 考查介词。根据句意，多亏了一个叫做蔡伦的人，thanks to 意为“多亏了……”，因此填介词to。
84. producing 考查非谓语动词。根据句意，纸在中国已经存在，但是生产纸的过程还是很困难，并且纸是低质量的。再根据介词后面接动词的-ing 形式，for为介词，因此这里填producing。
85. methods 考查名词复数。根据句意可知，蔡伦是以很多不同的材料和不同的方法开始试验，different后面接名词的复数形式，method复数形式为methods。
86. stronger 考查形容词比较级，根据句意可知，他的纸比之前使用的任何纸都来得更牢固和更便宜，因此这里填strong的比较级 stronger。
87. grew 考查音标。根据句意及所给音标的拼写规则可知。
88. and 考查并列连词，根据句意可知，那是因为想法更容易分享，并且更多人学会阅读，因此这里填 and。
89. other 考查音标。根据句意及所给音标的拼写规则可知。
90. the 考查冠词。句意为“一整个世界应该永远记住这个聪明的中国造纸者”，the whole world 表示一整个世界，因此这里填 the。
Passage 4（2019 •浙江省台州市）
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
The mountain was high and it was cold. Everything 61 （cover）by snow and ice and it was dangerous. I shook in my tent as the storm tried 62 （knock）me back to the bottom. “"You will never make it to the top, ”everyone said, "no woman has ever climbed this mountain and only a few people have done it by themselves. "I was so confident 63 I would be the first woman to climb up to the top of Whitmore. I had prepared for several 64 （month）.
The wind had gotten much 65 （quiet）when I woke up the next morning. I climbed 66 of my tent and looked out at the mountain. Everything was white and still. “I will make it to the top today, "I thought to 67 （I）.
I started up the slope. My feet crunched the snow with every step I took. It was a beautiful day. I was climbing quickly. Soon I was going to reach the top. All of 68 sudden, I slipped（滑倒）. I moved down the mountain. I was going slowly at first but then I started to slide very fast. I started to turn around and around quickly. After what felt 69 forever, I came to a stop. I had slid all the way to the bottom. I was alive. I couldn’t believe it.
Three days later, I 70 （make）it to the top. It was a beautiful day and I had a perfect view of everything around me.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】文章讲了作者爬上惠特莫尔山顶的经历，期间遇到过好多困难和危险，但是作者都克服了，最终登上了山顶。
（1）was covered 考查动词。根据意思：所有的东西都被冰雪覆盖着，一般过去时态被动语态，主语是不定代词，看做单数，故was covered。
（2）to knock 考查动词。根据意思：我在帐篷里发抖，因为暴风雨试图把我推回谷底。try to do努力去干，故填to knock。
 （3）that 考查连词。根据意思：我是如此自信，我认为我将成为第一个爬上惠特山顶的女人。so that，固定句式，故填that。
（4）months 考查名词。根据意思：我已经准备好几个月了。several 后面加名词复数。故填months．
（5）quieter 考查形容词。根据意思：第二天早上我醒来时，风变得更安静了。比较级quieter。
（6）out 考查副词。根据意思：我从帐篷里爬出来，出来 out of。故填out。
（7）myself 考查代词。根据意思：我自己在想。我自己myself。
（8）a 考查冠词。根据意思：突然，我滑倒了。All of  a sudden突然，固定表达，故填a。
（9）like 考查介词。根据意思：在感觉像永远一样之后，我停了下来。feel like 感觉像，故填like。
（10）made 考查动词。根据意思：三天后，我爬上了山顶。一般过去时态，故填made。
【点睛】
语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答．对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配．本文主要考查了动词、名词、形容词、副词、等实词，需要考生弄懂上下文的语境．
Passage 5（2019 •湖北省宜昌市）
根据所给首字母、上下文或汉语提示完成空格中所缺单词，使短文完整通顺，语法正确。每空只能填一个词。
The Chinese high-speed railways have a quatity all on its own. Tier 1(一线) c___31___ like Beijing have a couple hundred high-speed trains stopping at the city every day. China’s_____32_____(科技) on building the railway is leading the rest of the world. There is no sign that any_______33_______country could be better than China in near future. I had my ___34___(第一次) opportunity to ride the high-speed trains last week when I had a business meeting in Zhengzhou.
As someone w_______35_______grew up with a disdain (偏见 )for public transportation (not sure why the US hates it so much), I was afraid________36________the experience. I hoped to fly, but was told that it would be much better if I___37___(乘)the train.
The train was amazing. I had traveled on a train before in the US and hated how s___38___it was and how many stops there were. Chinese high-speed trains are on a different level. The trains are clean and the seats are huge. You can't even______39______(感觉) how fast the train is moving. If there were no windows, I wouldn’t be a _____40_____ to tell when we were stopped or when we were traveling at 300 km/h—it is that smooth.
I'm traveling again this week by train and I’m excited.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文作者通过讲述自己在中国第一次坐高铁的经历，反映出中国的铁路建设技术已经领先于世界其他国家。
31. cities 句意：像北京这样的一线城市每天有几百列高速列车停靠在这里。tier 1 cities一线城市，固定短语；根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填cities。
32. technology 句意：中国的铁路建设技术领先于世界其他国家。China’s是名词所有格，需接名词；系词is需跟单数人称，根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填technology。
33. other 句意：没有迹象表明，在不久的将来，任何其他国家都能超过中国。any other任何其他的，后接可数名词单数，指在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的其他人或事物。本句than表比较，根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填other。
34. first 句意：这是我第一次有机会坐高铁。opportunity机会，名词可用序数词修饰；根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填first。
35. who 句意：作为一个从小就鄙视公共交通的人(不知道为什么美国这么讨厌公共交通)，我害怕这种经历。本句是定语从句，someone指人，空白处做从句主语；根据句意结构和首字母提示，可知填who。
36. of 句意：作为一个从小就鄙视公共交通的人(不知道为什么美国这么讨厌公共交通)，我害怕这种经历。be afraid of害怕，固定短语；根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填of。
37. took 句意：我希望坐飞机，但有人告诉我坐火车会好得多。本句是含有if条件句的宾语从句，条件状语从句的主句it would be是过去将来时，从句谓语动词需用相应的一般过去时；根据句意结构和汉语提示，可知填took。
38. slow 句意：我以前在美国坐过火车，讨厌它的速度慢，也讨厌它有那么多站。本句是感叹句结构，how后接形容词或副词；系词was需接表语形容词，根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填slow。
39. feel 句意：你甚至感觉不到火车开得有多快。本句缺谓语动词，情态动词can’t后接原形动词；根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填feel。
40. able 句意：如果没有窗户，我就不能知道我们什么时候停下来。be able to能够；根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填able。
Passage 6（2019 •贵州省安顺市）
"WeChat" is ___66___ new mobile communication tool. It supports sending voices, videos, photos and text ___67___（message）. You can also do group chats, or you can find new friends nearby to talk to.
Wherever they are, people can also find a "stranger" to talk to ___68___ shaking the phone .The system will find out others who are shaking their phones at the same time. Another ___69___ （amaze）function(功能）is that WeChat can make us ___70___ (look) for people who live nearby, and show the distance. I like this function best ___71___ it can help you to find more people who you may know.
Recently, I read news that some stupid girls met guys by shaking their cell phones and some____72____（terribly) incidents（事件）happened after they met. So I suggest WeChat users should learn to protect ___73___ (them) and not trust strangers so much.
Technology has already made life become ____74____(easy) and more comfortable, and at the same time it ____75____ (bring) us some disadvantages. Therefore, being careful is necessary.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文主要谈论“微信”的功能。
66. a 句意：“微信”是一种新型的移动通信工具。不定冠词可表示泛指，指某类事物中的一个，意思是“一个/只…”，用于可数名词单数前；mobile communication tool是可数名词单数，new 是辅音音素开头，可知使用不定冠词a。
67. messages 句意：它支持发送声音、视频、照片和文本消息。text message：文本消息，复数是text messages；可数名词复数表示泛指，可数单数一般不单独使用；结合句意可知填messages。
68. by 句意：无论他们在哪里，人们也可以通过摇动电话找到一个“陌生人”来交谈。短语by doing sth.：通过某种方式做某事；结合句意可知填by。
69. amazing 句意：另一个惊人的功能是，微信可以让我们寻找住在附近的人，并显示距离。amaze：使惊奇，动词，形容词有amazed和amazing，amazed：感到大为惊奇的，一般修饰人；amazing令人大为惊奇的，一般修饰物，指事物本身具有的特性；本词修饰名词，可数填形容词， function(功能）是物，可知填amazing。
70. look 句意：另一个惊人的功能是，微信可以让我们寻找住在附近的人，并显示距离。短语make sb. do sth.：使某人做某事；结合句意和所给词可知填look。
71. because 句意：我最喜欢这个功能，因为它可以帮助你找到更多你可能认识的人。根据句意可知后句是前句的原因，可知填because。
72. terrible 句意：最近，我读到一则新闻，说一些愚蠢的女孩通过摇晃手机和男人见面，在他们见面后发生了一些可怕的事件。本词修饰名词，可知填形容词；terribly：可怕地，很，非常地，副词；形容词是terrible；结合句意和所给词可知填terrible。
73. themselves 句意：所以我建议微信用户应该学会保护自己，不要太信任陌生人。them他们，人称代词；themselves：他们自己，反身代词；protect oneself：保护自己，结合句意和所给词可知填themselves。
74. easier 句意：技术已经使生活变得越来越容易和舒适，同时也给我们带来了一些缺点。本句是and连接的两个形容词，共同做become的表语，and是并列连词，它连接的这两个形容词形式应一致， more comfortable是比较级，可知填比较级；easy的比较级是easier；结合句意和所给词可知填easier。
75. brings/has brought 句意：技术已经使生活变得越来越容易和舒适，同时也给我们带来了一些坏处。根据句意可知使用一般现在时（现在情况）也可使用现在完成时（过去发生的事情对现在已经造成的坏处）；使用一般现在时，主语it三单，可知谓语三单，可知填brings；现在完成时构成has/have done sth.，本句主语it可知使用单数has，bring的过去分词是brought，可知填has brought。故答案是brings/has brought。
Passage 7（2019 •湖南省衡阳市）
根据所给汉语或英文首字母写出短文中所缺英语单词。
Confucius, a pioneer in the field of _______31_______（教育）. He was born in the year 551 B. C. He was a great thinker who had many wise ideas about human nature and behavior. His main ideas are about kindness and good manners. He was also a famous philosopher whose wise sayings have i_______32_______ many people in d______33______ countries. For example，one of his famous sayings, "He who learns but does not think is lost; he who thinks but does not learn is in d_______34_______", tells us the ______35______（重要性）of learning and thinking.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】这篇短文主要介绍了伟大的教育家——孔子，介绍了他的一些教育理念。
31. education 句意：孔子是教育领域的先驱。根据下文He was born in the year 551 B. C. He was a great thinker who had many wise ideas about human nature and behavior. His main ideas are about kindness and good manners.可知上文是说教育界的先驱。education的意思是“教育”，根据句意，故填education。
32. influenced 句意：他也是一位著名的哲学家，他的智慧之言影响了许多不同国家的人。这里是完成时，其结构是have done的形式。influence的意思是“影响”，过去分词是influenced，根据句意，故填influenced。
33. different 句意：他也是一位著名的哲学家，他的智慧之言影响了许多不同国家的人。different+名词复数，表示不同的……。different countries不同的国家；根据句意，故填different。
34. danger 句意：学而不思则罔。这里是孔子的名言，be in danger表示处于危境。根据句意，故填danger。
35. importance 句意：告诉我们学习和思考的重要性。the importance of..表示……的重要性。根据句意，故填importance。
Passage 8（2019 •湖南省衡阳市）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Friends are important to everyone, ___36___, some people may have trouble ___37___(keep) their friendships. Here are some tips on how to make your friendship ___38___ (deep) and stronger.
★Be yourself. A lot of teens try not to lose the friendship once they become friends with some people. Though your identity（身份）is always changing, some of your personality will stay pretty much ___39___ same. Find out ___40___ those things are, think hard about who you want to be, and then show yourself ___41___ (honest) to the people around you.
★Avoid gossip（八卦）. Friends shouldn’t spread rumors（谣言）about other friends. If you’ve heard something bad about your friends, ___42___ (find) a proper way of asking them about it by ___43___ (you). If you’re not sure how to talk to them about it, ask a trusted friend for advice.
★Protect your friends. Very often, somebody that you’re not close to doubts one of your ___44___(friend). It’s important to find out both sides of the story, but it's also a good chance to show your friend that you trust him by telling him.
★ Return the care. There are times when a friend will lend you a textbook, or a shoulder to cry on. A good friend will cheer you up when you’re in trouble and listen patiently when your friend shares a problem ___45___ you. Be sure you are as helpful as your friend, because he will take notice and feel good you.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】这篇短文主要讲述了朋友在我们日常生活中是非常重要的，文中介绍了如何保持友谊的技巧。
36. however 句意：朋友们对每个人是重要的。根据下文some people may have trouble ___2___(keep) their friendships.可知这里是转折关系。However表示然而。根据句意，故填however。
37. keeping 句意：一些人们可能在保持他们的友谊方面有困难。短语have trouble doing sth.表示做某事有困难。keep的意思是“保持”，根据句意，故填keeping。
38. deeper 句意：下面是一些关于如何使你的友谊更加深厚和牢固的提示。根据stronger可知这里是更深厚，用deep的比较级deeper。根据句意，.故填deeper。
39. the 句意：虽然你的身份一直在改变，但你的一些个性会保持不变。same相同的，前面必须加the。the same表示相同的。 根据句意，故填the。
40. what 句意：找出那些东西是什么，仔细考虑你想成为什么样的人，然后向周围的人展示你的诚实。这里是what引导的宾语从句，那些动词是什么，这里用what引导。根据句意，故填what。
41. honest 句意：找出那些东西是什么，仔细考虑你想成为什么样的人，然后向周围的人展示你的诚实。honest的意思是“诚实”，根据句意，故填honest。
42. find 句意：如果你听说过你朋友的坏消息，你可以自己找一个合适的方法问问他们。这里是if引导的条件状语从句，主句用祈使句，祈使句动词原形开头，根据句意，故填find。
43. yourself 句意：如果你听说过你朋友的坏消息，你可以自己找一个合适的方法问问他们。这里是说你自己问问。by oneself表示靠某人自己；这里用yourself你自己。根据句意，故填yourself。
44. friends 句意：经常，你不亲近的人会怀疑你的一个朋友。这里的朋友不止一个，用名词复数。根据句意，故填friends。
45. with 句意：当你遇到麻烦时，一个好朋友会让你振作起来，当你的朋友和你分享一个问题时，他会耐心地倾听。短语share…with…表示和……分享……。根据句意，故填with。
Passage 9（2019 •湖北省荆门市）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式 (不超过3个单词）。
Xi’an celebrated the first-ever China Hanfu Day ___36___ April 18. There were catwalk shows (走秀) and traditional music concerts which ___37___ (hold) by people wearing traditional Chinese clothing. Hanfu fans from all over China gathered there to take ___38___ (photo) and put them online for a Hanfu photo competition, which lasted until May 18.
China Hanfu Day is on the third day of the third ___39___ of the Chinese lunar calendar (农历), which is said to be the birthday of the Yellow Emperor. In ancient China, this day was also known ___40___ Shangsi Festival (上巳节). Its purpose is to encourage young Chinese ___41___ (take) pride in traditional clothing, as well as Chinese culture.
Hanfu is the traditional clothing of the Han people who lived in China before the Qing Dynasty. It has a history of about 3,000 years and it ___42___ (change) greatly so far. However, some of ___43___ (it) main characteristics (特点) remain. For example, there are two parts that overlap (交叠) on the front, which is called “jiao ling”. Another main characteristic of Hanfu is that it usually uses ribbons (系带) instead of buttons.
China is becoming a leading country in the world, and the Chinese public feels more confident (自信的) about its traditional culture ___44___ ever before. Wearing traditional clothing might be an interesting way of showing ___45___ they feel about this.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文是文化类阅读，报道了西安4月18日举办的首届中国汉服日，介绍了汉服日的历史渊源、汉服特点和活动意义，指出中国公众对中国传统文化比以往任何时候都更加自信。
36. on 句意：4月18日，西安庆祝了首届中国汉服日。April 18是一个具体的日期，需用介词on修饰；根据上下文提示，可知填on。
37. were held 句意：有穿中国传统服装的人举办的时装表演和传统音乐音乐会。本句是定语从句，先行词是并列短语catwalk shows and traditional music concerts，是动词hold的受动者，需用“be done”被动语态结构；短文叙述的是过去的事，是一般过去时态；关系词which这里是复数意义，系词需用were；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填were held。
38. photos 句意：来自中国各地的汉服爱好者聚集在这里拍照。take photos拍照；根据and put them online for a Hanfu photo competition和所给单词提示，可知填photos。
39. month 句意：汉服日是中国农历三月的第三天，据说是黄帝的生日。third第三，序数词后接名词；根据下文of the Chinese lunar calendar可知填month。
40. as 句意：在中国古代，这一天也被称为上巳节。be known as被称为……根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填as。
41. to take 句意：它的目的是鼓励中国年轻人为传统服装和中国文化感到自豪。encourage鼓励，一般接不定式做补语；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填to take。
42. has changed 句意：它有大约3000年的历史，到目前为止已经发生了很大的变化。so far到目前为止，用于现在完成时“have/has +过去分词”结构；it是单数第三人称，助动词需用has；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填has changed。
43. its 句意：然而，它的一些主要特征仍然存在。characteristics特征，名词需用形容词性物主代词修饰；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填its。
44. than 句意：中国公众对中国传统文化比以往任何时候都更加自信。more confident更加自信，比较级；根据ever before和上下文提示，可知是和以往任何时候相比，故填than。
45. how 句意：穿着传统服装可能是一种有趣的方式来表达他们对此的感受。设空处是show（展示）的宾语从句，从句缺副词状语，根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填how。
【点睛】
短文填空，要求根据句意结构和上下文或所给单词提示填空，使句意通顺，文意连贯。主要考查单词形式，包括名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词，主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握句意，在理解的基础上把握句子时态，从而判断所给单词的正确形式。例如小题5，be known as被称为……，这是固定短语，根据句意“这一天也被称为上巳节”可知填as。
2019年中考真题英语分项汇编
专题19 短文填空
考点4杂糅型填空
Passage 1（2019 •黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市）
阅读短文，根据首字母或所给词的适当形式墳空，使文章语意通顺。
Do you think childhood is the most beautiful time in your life? maybe not. nowadays, Chinese children are sometimes busier on weekends than weekdays. Some students are learning exam skills, o_____61_____ are taking up hobbies to develop themselves.
The Lins are a typical Chinese family Life for Mrs. Lin’s two children is very busy. “On most days after school,” She says, “I take my son to basketball _____62_____ (train) and my daughter to dancing and piano lessons. Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities, but I believe these activities are important for my children’s f_____63_____. I really want them to have dinner _____64_____ (quick) and then it’s time for their homework.
Han Yue, a mother of three knows all about such stress. In some families, competition starts very young and it will c_____65_____ until the kids get older, she says. Parents worry if they don’t send their small kids to all k_____66_____ of classes, their children will fail at the first beginning. And they are always comparing them w_____67_____ other children. It’s crazy. I don’t think that’s fair. Why don’t they just let their kids be kids? People shouldn’t push their kids so hard.”
Doctors say too much stress is not good for children’s _____68_____ (develop ). Dr. Luo says all these activities can cause a lot of stress for children. Kids should have time _____69_____ (relax) and think for themselves, too. Although it’s normal to want _____70_____ (success)children, it’s even more important to have happy children.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】这篇短文主要讲述了中国孩子们的周末是特别忙的，他们有很大的压力。
61. others 句意：一些学生正在学习考试技巧，另一些学生则通过业余爱好来发展自己。Some...others…表示一些……其他……。根据句意，故填others。
62. training 句意：她说：“我带儿子去篮球训练，带女儿去上舞蹈和钢琴课。training的意思是“训练”，根据句意，故填training。
63. future 句意：我可以取消他们的一些活动，但我相信这些活动对我孩子的未来很重要。根据上文but I believe these activities are important可知下文是说孩子们的未来。根据句意，故填future。
64. quickly 句意：我真的很想让他们快点吃饭，然后是时候做作业了。这里是副词修饰动词，quickly的意思是“快速地”，根据句意，故填quickly。
65. continue 句意：在一些家庭里，竞争开始的时候非常年轻，而且会持续到孩子们长大。根据下文until the kids get older可知这里是持续。根据句意，故填continue。
66. kinds 句意：父母担心如果他们不把孩子送到各种各样的班级，他们的孩子一开始就会失败。All kinds of…表示各种各样的……。根据句意，故填kinds。
67. with 句意：他们总是把他们和其他孩子比较。compare…with…把……和……做比较。根据句意，故填with。
68. development 句意：医生说压力太大不利于儿童的发育。development的意思是“发展”，根据句意，故填development。
69. to relax 句意：孩子们应该有时间去放松。have time to do sth.表示有时间做某事。根据句意，故填to relax。
70. successful 句意：虽然想要成功的孩子是正常的，但拥有快乐的孩子更重要。这里是形容词作定语，successful的意思是“成功的”，根据句意，故填successful。
Passage 2（2019 •天水市）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
We can’t remember clearly when we started to take our mobiles to the dinner table. This often happens, ___81___(especial) when we eat out. Once a dish comes,___82___of lifting our chopsticks, we take out our mobiles and click, Later, we post the photos onto weibo or WeChat, waiting to be “liked”. Then we check our mobiles from time to time during the meal to see whether we get “liked”___83___not, We just cannot leave our mobiles for only a meal.
Does that sound familiar to you? Do you do that often? If not, how do you feel when others do that while having dinner with you?
A recent study suggests that what we are used to___84___(do) is not so good. Spending time taking photos of food makes the food less pleasant. To test this, some researchers did an experiment. Some people were___85___(ask) to take photos before they could enjoy food. As a___86___, it showed that the___87___(many)photos they took, the less delicious the food___88___ to them. Why not stop taking photos and just enjoy the food in front of you?
So, next time you go out to have dinner with your family or friends, how about not___89___ (take) photos of food? Let the food be delicious as it is and share your life___90___people around you. Trust me, it will be a wonderful time.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本篇文章讲述了现在常见的社会现象--在吃饭前拿手机拍照“菜品”，拍完照片放在网络上，而且不时地看手机，想着别人会不会喜欢自己的美食照片，会有多少人点赞．专家认为这种行为是不好的。专家呼吁，让食物美味如初，享受与眼前人的相聚时刻。
81. especially 句意：这种情况会经常发生，尤其是当我们在外面吃饭的时候。especial是形容词，必须用副词形式来表示强调，修饰整个句子，故答案为especially。
82. instead 句意：我们就拿出手机点击，而不是举起筷子。instead of doing sth.而不是做某事，故答案为instead。
83. or 句意：然后我们在吃饭的时候不时地检查手机，看看我们是否得到了“点赞”。whether常与or not连用，表示“是否”。故答案为or。
84. doing 句意：最近的一项研究表明，我们的一些行为习惯并不是那么好。be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事。故答案为doing。
85. asked 句意：有些人被要求在享受美食前拍照。主语some people与ask之间是被动的关系，此句是一般过去时态的被动语态，缺少过去分词，故答案为asked。
86. result 句意：结果表明，他们拍的照片越多，他们吃的食物就越不好吃。as a result结果，固定词组。故答案为result。
87. more 句意：结果表明，他们拍的照片越多，他们吃的食物就越不好吃。“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……越……”。many的比较级为more。故答案为more。
88. was 句意：结果表明，他们拍的照片越多，他们吃的食物就越不好吃。delicious 为形容词，与系动词be构成系表结构，food是不可数名词，根据前一个句子中的took判断，此处要用be的过去式，故答案为was。
89. taking 句意：不给食物拍照怎么样？how about doing sth.是提建议的一种表达方式，意思是“做某事怎么样”，此句是否定句，故答案为taking。
90. with 句意：让这些食物保持原样的美味，与周围的人分享你的生活。share …with sb.与某人一起分享……。故答案为with。
Passage 3（2019 •贵州省遵义市）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式．
I have two friends in our class， Rick and Scott． Rick has a good lifestyle． He sleeps eight or nine ___41___ （hour）a day． So he can get up early in the morning． He exercises every day before having breakfast． He runs three times every week and plays soccer ___42___（one） a week． He also has good eating habits． He ___43___（try） to eat all kinds of fruits． He thinks apples are the ___44___（delicious） of all fruits． He believes "Having ___45___ apple every day keeps the ___46___（ill）away． "He drinks milk every day and often eats vegetables． He likes hamburgers ___47___ he doesn't eat too much． He looks after his health well． Good eating habits and doing exercises every day are good for him．
Scott is different ___48___ Rick． He is kind of ___49___（health）． He doesn't like doing exercise and sleeps too late． He likes eating junk food， too． He is fat now， and he ___50___（ask）to lose weight by his doctor．
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文介绍了瑞克和斯科特的生活方式。瑞克有良好的生活方式，而斯科特和瑞克不同。他有点不健康。他不喜欢运动，睡得太晚。他也喜欢吃垃圾食品。他现在很胖，医生要求他减肥。
41. hours 句意：他每天睡八或九个小时。数字eight or nine后面跟可数名词复数，hour小时，复数hours；故答案是hours。
42. once 句意：他每周跑三次，每周踢一次足球。one一，基数词；once：一次，once a week：一周一次；故答案是once。
43. tries 句意：他尽力吃各种水果。本句是一般现在时，主语三单，谓语动词应用第三人称单数；try：试图，三单形式是tries；故答案是tries。
44. most delicious 句意：他认为苹果是所有水果中最美味的。根据比较范围of all fruits可知可知使用最高级，delicious是多音节形容词，最高级是most delicious；故答案是most delicious。
45. an 句意：他认为，“每天吃一个苹果可以远离疾病。” apple：苹果，可数名词单数，可数名词单数一般和不定冠词连用，apple是元音音素开头，可知“一个苹果”是an apple；故答案是an。
46. illness 句意：他认为，“每天吃一个苹果可以远离疾病。”冠词要和名词一起使用，ill：有病的，形容词，名词是illness，不可数名词；根据定冠词the，可知填名词；故答案是illness。
47. but 句意：他喜欢吃汉堡包，但他不吃太多。本句是并列句，根据句意可知前后句句意是转折关系，可知填but。
48. from 句意：斯科特和瑞克不一样。短语be different from：与…不一样；根据上文描述可知瑞克有很好生活方式，下文描述斯科特“他不喜欢运动，睡得太晚。他也喜欢吃垃圾食品”可知斯科特生活方式不健康，故斯科特和瑞克不一样。结合句意可知答案是from。
49. unhealthy 句意：他有点不健康。根据下文He doesn't like doing exercise and sleeps too late． He likes eating junk food， too．（他不喜欢运动，睡得太晚。他也喜欢吃垃圾食品。）可知“他有点不健康。”本句是主系表结构，be动词后面跟形容词做表语，kind of：有点，副词，修饰形容词或副词原级； health：健康，名词；形容词是healthy：健康的，unhealthy：不健康的；故答案是unhealthy。
50. is asked 句意：他现在很胖，医生要求他减肥。本句是and连接的并列句，这两个句子时态一般一致，根据He is fat now时态是一般现在时，可知此句时态是一般现在时；根据句意可知主语和谓语动词是被动关系，可知使用被动语态，故此句是一般现在时的被动语态；其构成am/is/are + 动词的过去分词，本句主语he第三人称单数，可知使用is；ask的过去分词是asked；故答案是is asked。
Passage 4（2019 •广西玉林市）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Twenty years ago， I drove a taxi for my life and sometimes I had to work at night．
One late night， I got a telephone call （1）　 　a neighborhood． When I arrived there at 2： 30 am， the only building was dark except a single light in the （2）　 　（five） floor window． So I walked up and knocked at the door．
Just a minute， "answered a weak voice． After a long time， the door opened and a small woman（3）　 　（stand） in front of me． Next to her was a small box．
Quickly I took her box to the car and then returned to hold her． She kept（4）　 　（thank）me．When we got in the car， she asked， "Can you drive me through the blocks？
"（5）　 　 it's too late now， "I replied．
"I don' t mind， "she said slowly． "I'm in no hurry． The doctor says I don't have much time to live…"
I （6）　 　（quiet） turned off the meter（计费器）， For the next two hours， we drove through the city and passed the building where she had once worked， the neighborhood where she and her husband had lived ，and some other places．As（7）　 　sun was rising ，we stopped in front of a low building． Two young（8）　 　（woman） were waiting there． They were both the nurses who would look after her．
"How much do I have to pay？ " she asked．
"Nothing， "I replied． I was sure I would never forget this（9）　 　（pain）experience．
She looked surprised， "You gave a woman who is dying a little moment of pleasure， "she said．
"Thank you"．
Sometimes people may not remember exactly what you did or said． However， they'll always remember how you make （10）　 　（they） feel． And they'll never forget it．

【答案与解析】
【文章大意】
（1）from 考查介词，根据 I got a telephone call ，结合上下文可知句意：天深夜，我接到一个邻居打来的电话．from介词，从，故答案是from。
（2）fifth 考查，根据the …floor window可知用序数词 fifth修饰名词，结合上下文可知句意：当我凌晨2：30到达那里时，除了五楼的窗户上只有一盏灯外，唯一的一栋楼是漆黑的．故答案是fifth。
（3）stood 考查一般过去时，根据the door opened and a small woman可知用一般过去时，结合上下文可知句意：过了很长一段时间，门开了，一个小女人站在我面前．故答案是stood。
（4）thanking 考查动名词，keep doing sth 坚持做某事，结合上下文可知句意：她一直在感谢我．故答案是thanking。
（5）But 考查连词，根据Can you drive me through the blocks，结合上下文可知句意：但现在太晚了．but连词，但是，故答案是But。
（6）quietly 考查副词，根据 turned off the meter可知用副词修饰动词，结合上下文可知句意：我悄悄地关掉了计费器．故答案是quietly。
（7）the 考查定冠词， 世界上独一无二的事物sun前加 the，结合上下文可知句意：太阳升起时，我们停在一幢低矮的建筑前．故答案是the。
（8）women 考查名词复数，根据Two young可知用复数，woman的复数是women，结合上下文可知句意：两个年轻女人在那里等着．故答案是women。
（9）painful 考查形容词，根据experience可知用形容词修饰名词pain名词痛苦，painful形容词，痛苦的，结合上下文可知句意：我确信我永远不会忘记这痛苦的经历．故答案是painful。
（10）them 考查宾格，动词make后跟宾格them作宾语，结合上下文可知句意：然而，他们会永远记得你给他们的感觉．故答案是them。
Passage 5（2019 •赤峰市）
阅读下面短文，根据中文、首字母、音标及语境提示,填写所缺单词.使短文意思完整，每空限填一词。请将正确答案填写在答题卡指定的横线上.
Ali and Albert were brothers. Their parents 61 away early and left them a cow. The brothers were going to share the cow. Albert is an 62 [' ɒnɪst] man and he listened to everything that his elder brother said. But Ali was cunning（狡猾的）.
One day, Ali said,“ I will be very 63 （公平的）with you, Albert. You take the front pait of the cow and I will take the hind（后面的）side of the cow. Each of us can use 64 we get. But we can't kill it.”
Albeit gave the cow grass and water every day. The cow made lots of milk. Ali s 65 the milk and got a lot of money. But he did not share the money with Albert. Albert felt a bit u 66 .
A 67 （邻居）knew about this and said something to Albert. The next day, when Ali was milking the cow, Albert hit the cow in the head. The cow started k 68 . Ali shouted to Albeit, “Don ' t you see me milking the cow?"
“The front part of the cow is 69 . and I can do anything I want . ”Albert said angrily. Ali knew he was wrong and said sorry to Albert. From then on, the brothers fed the cow 70 [ tə'geðə] and shared the money from selling milk. Both of the brothers lived happily after that.
【答案与解析】
61．passed 考查动词．根据语境"他们的父母很早就去世了，给他们留下了一头牛"，考虑用动词pass，构成短语pass away，意为"离世"，由讲故事推断此处填过去式形式，故答案为 passed；
62．honest 考查形容词．根据语境"阿尔伯特是一个诚实的人，他听他哥哥所说的一切"，由语音提示考虑用形容词honest，意为"诚实的"，故答案为 honest；
63．fair 考查形容词．根据语境"我对你很公平，阿尔伯特"，由汉语提示考虑用形容词fair，故答案为 fair；
64．what 考查连词．根据语境"我们每个人都可以用我们得到的"，考虑用连词what，构成名词性从句what we get，意为"我们所得到的"，故答案为 what；
65．sold 考查动词．根据语境"阿里卖了牛奶，得到了很多钱"，考虑用动词sold，意为"出售"，由and后的got推断此处填过去式形式，故答案为 sold；
66．unfair 考查形容词．根据语境"阿尔伯特觉得有点不公平"，由首字母u考虑用形容词unfair，意为"不公平的"，故答案为 unfair；
67．neighbor 考查名词．根据语境"一个邻居知道了这件事，对阿尔伯特说了些什么"，由汉语提示考虑用名词neighbor，由空前的冠词a推断此处填单数形式，故答案为 neighbor；
68．kicking 考查动词．根据语境"牛开始踢了"，由首字母k考虑用动词kick，意为"踢"，由start doing sth．推断此处填-ing形式，故答案为 kicking；
69．mine 考查代词．根据语境"奶牛的前部是我的，我可以做任何我想做的事"，考虑用名词性物主代词mine，意为"我的"，故答案为 mine；
70．together 考查副词．根据语境"从此以后，兄弟俩一起喂牛，并分享卖牛奶的钱"，由语音提示考虑用副词together，意为"一起"，故答案为 together．