2023届统考版高考英语二轮专项分层特训40分阅读理解提分练(二)含答案

这是一份2023届统考版高考英语二轮专项分层特训40分阅读理解提分练(二)含答案，共11页。
40分阅读理解提分练(二)　 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节　(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHidden gardens in LondonFrom nature reserves to community space, we've dug up some of London's most secret gardens, where you'll find pockets of splendid nature and forget about all your worries.Queen's WoodAcross the road from the better­known Highgate Wood, there is something more magical and quieter about Queen's Wood—its pathways through the mountain ash and cherry trees. It might be only a few hundred metres from Highgate tube station, but native bluebells and countless species of small animals make this a wonderful retreat.Phoenix GardenBehind Charing Cross Road this is a super spot for a comfortable lunchtime break. Look out for frogs and sparrows, which are thriving thanks to an enthusiastic conservation initiative. The garden closed last autumn for redevelopment work but has reopened in time to take advantage of a long spell of good weather.Postman's ParkA short walk from St Paul's Cathedral lies one of London's most touching monuments. Within the quiet Postman's Park, nestled beneath a roof, are just over 50 ceramic plaques (匾牌),  each honoring the memory of an ordinary person who lost his or her life trying to save others.Red Cross GardenOriginally intended to give Southwark children a space to play, this Victorian garden has been restored to its original design, complete with ponds, cottages, bandstands and formal borders. While relaxing in the restored bandstand, it's hard to imagine the view back in 1887 when it was surrounded by workhouses and factories.1．Which garden is close to a subway station?A．Queen's Wood.    B．Phoenix Garden.C．Postman's Park.    D．Red Cross Garden.2．What can you do in Postman's Park?A．Take photos of old workhouses.B．Swim in the pond.C．Learn stories about selflessness.D．Enjoy a band show.3．What do Phoenix Garden and Red Cross Garden have in common?A．They have got some repair work.B．They were surrounded by factories.C．They will be temporarily closed.D．They have the same original design.B[2022·武汉市高三模拟试题]When Michael Ford was a kid, he dreamed of being a car designer. But when he was 11, things changed. That's when he went to a car­design program and ended up learning about architecture instead.“As a youngster, I was lucky enough to have some conversations with the people running that summer program，” he told Time for Kids. Talking with designers there stimulated Ford's interest in architecture. He went on to pursue it as a career.Now Ford hopes to inspire the same interest in other young people. Last year, he launched his own architecture program for kids aged 10 to 17. But his program has an unexpected feature. Campers base their designs on hip­hop lyrics. Ford's goal is to inspire a new generation of architects from underrepresented communities.“Only 4% of architects are African Americans，”he said.“Most of our buildings, most of our parks and public spaces, have all been designed by white males. If we can increase diversity, the entire world will now start to experience space from a totally new perspective.”Ford calls his program the Hip Hop Architecture Camp. The one­week camp is offered to students around the country. At the camp, students listen to and read the lyrics of hip­hop songs. Then they use some of those lyrics to guide them in planning a city block. On graph paper, each square represents a word. Students build with Lego on each square based on the number of syllables (音节) in each word. In the end, they have  what looks like a city skyline. Kids then use a design program called Tinkercad to transform their Lego models into 3D digital versions.Ford believes this approach helps campers learn that architecture is about more than just construction. “The architect's Number 1 job is to serve people's needs，” he says.“Architecture plays a critical role in determining or challenging how people live in certain communities.”4．What made Ford change his dream of being a car designer?A．Participation in a program.B．Lack of talent for car­designing.C．Desire for a more promising career.D．Conversations with architecture designers.5．What is Ford's architecture program aimed at?A.Appealing to young people.B．Popularizing hip­pop music.C．Promoting diversity in the field.D．Connecting music with architecture.6．If you hear “beautiful”， how many blocks would you use on the square?  A．1.    B．2.C．3.    D．4.7．What's Ford's opinion about architecture?A．It determines people's needs.B．It influences people's lifestyles.C．It is just about building things.D．It is about adding more buildings.C[2022·沈阳市高三一模]Myopia, or nearsightedness, is a common eye condition in which you can see objects near to you clearly, but objects farther away are blurry. To see the farther things clearly, you have the option of wearing eyeglasses, or undergoing the more invasive refractive surgery.But Japan's Kubota Pharmaceutical Holdings Co.Ltd. claims to have developed smart glasses that, if worn just an hour per day, can cure myopia. It projects an image onto the wearers' retina (视网膜) to correct the refractive error that causes nearsightedness. Obviously, wearing the device 60 to 90 minutes a day corrects myopia.So how does the technology developed by the company work exactly? Well, according to a company press release in December of last year, the special glasses rely on micro­LEDs to project virtual images on the visual field to make the retina active. Apparently, it can do that without affecting the wearer's daily activities. Founded by Dr. Ryo Kubota, Kubota Pharmaceutical Holdings Co. Ltd. is still testing the device, known as Kubota Glass, and trying to determine how long the effect lasts after the user wears the device, and how long the ugly­looking glasses have to be worn for the correction to be permanent.Kubota Pharmaceutical Holdings Co. Ltd. began  testing the glasses in the summer of last year, and is currently conducting tests on about 25 people in the U．S. to assess the effectiveness of its smart glasses. The company plans to begin selling the device in Asia in the second half of next year where there are more nearsighted people, but it has planned to enter other markets in the future.8．What does the underlined word “blurry” mean in the first paragraph?A．Familiar.    B．Different.C．Impressive.    D．Unclear.9．What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?A．The effect of wearing the smart glasses.B．The disadvantages of the smart glasses.C．The working principle of the smart glasses.D.The correct way of wearing the smart glasses.10．Why does the company decide to sell the glasses first in Asia?A．It wants to serve the Asians better.B．These glasses are more suitable for Asians.C.Scientific development is slower in Asia.D．There is more market demand in Asia.11．What is the purpose of writing the text?A．To solve a problem.B．To introduce a new product.C．To present a research result.D．To give practical advice.D[2022·长春市高三质量监督]Summer's here and it won't be long before school­aged kids across America start complaining that they're tired of riding their bikes, playing at the park, swimming in the pool...and all the other awesome activities their parents hope would keep them entertained for the next 10 weeks.Such rapid­onset boredom could indicate that the kids have amazing powers of recall. A new study shows that the better your short­term memory is, the faster you feel bored and decide you've had enough. The findings appear in the Journal of Consumer Research.“Though boredom can be physical, like when you feel full after eating too much, we were interested in the psychological side of boredom, like when you're just tired of something.” Noelle Nelson, assistant professor of marketing and consumer behavior at the University of Kansas School of Business, and her colleague Joseph Redden at the University of Minnesota tried to think outside the lunch box.“Something that was interesting to me is that some people get tired of the same things at very different rates. So if you think about pop songs on the radio, some people must still be enjoying them and requesting them even after hearing them a lot. But a lot of other people are really sick of those same songs.” The difference might have to do with memories of past consumption. For example, studies show that people push away from the dinner table sooner when they're asked to describe in detail what they ate earlier for lunch.The findings suggest that marketers could use our desire for their products by figuring out ways to distract (使分心) us and keep us from fully remembering our experiences. We could also trick ourselves into eating less junk food by immersing (使沉浸) ourselves in the memory of a previous snack. As for kids easily bored, just tell them to be fogged (混淆不清的) about it—it might help them have more fun.12．What can be learned about the rapid­onset boredom from the passage?A．It is a physical reaction after lunch.B．It is more likely to happen to children.C．It is closely related to short­term memory.D.It occurs physically first and then psychologically.13．How may people take advantage of the findings?A.Help kids eat more by sharing their feelings about food.B．Recall activities' details to improve kids' memorizing ability.C．Talk less about previous snacks to reduce junk food consumption.D.Keep consumers from remembering experiences to promote goods.14．How does the author make the findings easy to understand ?A．By making comparison.B．By analyzing data.C．By describing processes.D．By giving examples.15．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A．Good Memory Makes for BoredomB．How to Invent Interesting ActivitiesC．Boring Activities Do Harm to Kids' MemoryD.Physical Boredom Affects PsychologicalFeelings[答题区]题号12345678答案        题号9101112131415 答案        第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Every day, a lot of people move house. With newfound appreciation for space and air, it may suddenly have seemed as if a new kind of life was possible.__16__ Here's some expert advice on how to build a new community.__17__Ask people you already know if they could introduce you to anyone in the location to which you are moving. The posting on social media is probably the easiest way to tap your friends' friends. It increases the chance that there's someone you will get along with.Don't expect friends to magically appear.__18__ People really need to take the initiative to go out there and meet other people and not assume that friends are just going to fall into their lives. As people become familiar to us, we like them more, and it's completely unconscious.Be open to a broader range of people.You have spent a lifetime narrowing your social circle to those you really care about, but the chances are you're not going to meet new best friends in your new area instantly. When it comes to friendships, having close friends is one of the best things we can do for our health and well­being. But even having brief interactions with people in general benefits us.__19__Don't despair.Remember to maintain pre­existing friendships, so that you're not feeling lonely and disconnected while developing new relationships.__20__ But people don't realize that if they put themselves out there, the process can go faster than they think. It really makes a difference if you're willing to attend different events; you can really change your social life.A．Make a public appeal.B．Put some work in before you move.C．Quality is best, but quantity still does something.D.It can take a long time to build up new friendships.E．But now the pandemic has made it harder to connect with strangers.F．It doesn't necessarily mean you made the wrong decision on the move.G．We tend to think friendships happen naturally, but that's a huge misconception.[答题区]16．________　17.________　18.________19．________　20.________
40分阅读理解提分练（二）阅读理解第一节A语篇类型：应用文　主题语境：人与社会——历史、社会与文化——伦敦的秘密花园。【文章大意】　文章介绍了四个各具特色的花园1．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据Queen's Wood部分的“It might be...Highgate tube station”可知，Queen's Wood离地铁站只有几百米远。2．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据Postman's Park部分中的“Within the quiet...trying to save others”可知，在Postman's Park，有50多块陶瓷匾牌位于屋顶下，每一块都是为了纪念为拯救他人而牺牲的普通人。由此可知，在Postman's Park，人们可以学习到无私奉献的精神。3．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据Phoenix Garden部分中的“The garden closed...good weather”和Red Cross Garden部分中的“this Victorian garden has been restored to its original design”可知，两个地方的共同点是都经过了修复。B语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与社会——社会与文化——嘻哈建筑营【文章大意】　Michael Ford成立了嘻哈建筑营，该项目旨在增加建筑领域的多样性。Ford认为建筑在决定或挑战人们在特定社区的生活方式方面发挥着关键作用。4．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Talking with designers there...as a career”可知，和设计师们的谈话激发了Ford对建筑的兴趣，改变了他想成为汽车设计师的梦想，故D项正确。5．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If we can increase diversity, the entire world will now start to experience space from a totally new perspective”可知，Ford的建筑项目的目的是在建筑领域增加多样性，故C项正确。6．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Students build with Lego on each square based on the number of syllables（音节）in each word”可知，要用到几块积木取决于单词有几个音节，根据beautiful的音标/bju：təfəl/可知，beautiful由三个音节——bju：，tə和fəl组成，故C项正确。7．答案与解析：B　观点态度题。根据最后一段中Ford所说的话“Architecture plays a critical role in determining or challenging how people live in certain communities”可推知，Ford认为建筑可以影响人们的生活方式，故B项正确。C语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——科技发明——近视眼的福音【文章大意】　本文主要介绍了日本一家公司已经研发出了一种智能眼镜，该公司宣称每天佩戴一小时，就可以治愈近视。它能将图像投射到佩戴者的视网膜上，以矫正导致近视的屈光不正。8．答案与解析：D　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Myopia，or nearsightedness...farther away are blurry”可知，近视是能看清近距离的物体看不清远距离的物体，故画线词的意思应与D项“模糊不清的”最为接近。故选D项。9．答案与解析：C　段落大意题。根据第三段首句“So how does the technology developed by the company work exactly？”可知，本段主要讲述这种智能眼镜的工作原理。故选C项。10．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据尾段中的“The company plans...more nearsighted people”可知，亚洲近视的人较多即市场需求大。故选D项。11．答案与解析：B　写作意图题。本文主要介绍了日本一家公司研发的一种智能眼镜，故其写作目的是介绍一种新产品。故选B项。D语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——研究发现——短期记忆越好则越快感到无聊【文章大意】　本文主要介绍了一项新的研究发现：你的短期记忆越好，你就会越快感到无聊。12．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Such rapid­onset boredom...had enough”可知，这种快速产生的无聊感可能表明孩子们有惊人的记忆力。一项新的研究表明，你的短期记忆越好，你就会越快感到无聊。据此可知，无聊与短期记忆密切相关。13．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The findings suggest...our experiences”可知，研究结果表明，市场营销人员可以通过想办法分散我们的注意力、让我们无法完全记住自己的经历，从而让我们对他们的产品产生渴望。据此可推知，人们会通过不让消费者记住自己的体验来促销商品。14．答案与解析：D　写作意图题。根据第二段的“The difference might...earlier for lunch”可知，这种差异可能与过去消费的记忆有关。例如，研究表明，当人们被要求详细描述他们早些时候的午餐吃了什么时，他们会更快地离开餐桌。据此可推知，作者通过举例使研究结果易于理解。15．答案与解析：A　主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第二段的“A new study...you've had enough”可知，本文主要讲的是一项新的研究表明，你的短期记忆越好，你就会越快感到无聊，因此A选项“好记性促使人无聊”最适合作本文标题。第二节语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——人际沟通——如何与新社区里的人相识相知【文章大意】　本文主要介绍了专家给出的关于如何在新社区与他人相识相知的建议，包括在搬家前通过朋友介绍结识新朋友和广泛结交社区的朋友等。16．答案与解析：E　根据上句可知，搬到新居让人们感觉到似乎要开始新的生活模式了；根据下句可知，下文介绍的是有关如何构建新的社区关系的专家建议。据此可以推知，空处与上文构成转折，说明社区中人们沟通的困难情况。故E项正确。17．答案与解析：B　根据该空位置可知，该空为第二段的小标题；由第二段首句可知，建议让你了解的人将你介绍给新搬到的社区中的某个人。据此可知，该段主要建议在搬家前做好准备工作。18．答案与解析：G　根据该段小标题可知，该段主要内容为“不要指望朋友会如魔法般出现在新社区里”；G项意为“我们倾向于认为朋友会自然地出现，但是那是一个巨大的误解”，与小标题对应。19．答案与解析：C　根据空处前两句可知，有好朋友固然有益于身心健康，但泛泛之交仍然对我们有好处。空处总结上文，说明质量固然重要，但数量也起作用。20．答案与解析：D　根据上句可知，在结识新朋友的时候，要和老朋友保持联系，这样才不会孤独；D项中的“new friendships”与上句中的“new relationships”对应，说明结识新朋友要花很长时间，故D项符合语境。