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2022-2023学年湖南省常德市重点中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）
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常德市一中2022年下学期高一年级期中考试试卷
英语
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How’s the weather today?
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Windy.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Look, the sky is almost dark!
M: Oh, the weather forecast is quite accurate. It said that it would rain heavily today.
W: Yes, the weather in summer is so changeable. It was still a sunny day yesterday.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will Jessie do this Sunday?
A. Have a picnic.
B. Finish her homework.
C. Take a part-time job.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Jessie, how about having a picnic together this weekend?
W: I’d love to, but I have to finish my homework on Saturday and work part-time at the bakery on Sunday. We can do it next Sunday.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a bookstore.
B. In a library.
C. In a classroom.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Excuse me, I can’t find Jane Eyre. Could you help me?
W: Oh, sure. Let me check…Well, the last one was checked out an hour ago. You can borrow other books instead.
M: Well, what a pity!
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When will the speakers meet?
A. On Saturday afternoon.
B. On Sunday morning.
C On Sunday afternoon.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, I’m sorry. I wonder if I could change our appointment on Saturday afternoon.
M: It’s OK. So when would it be convenient for you?
W: How about Sunday morning?
M: Alright, it doesn’t make any difference to me.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who thinks the new teacher is knowledgeable?
A. Nancy. B. Jack. C. Angelina.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Jack, what do you think of the new teacher?
M: I think he is very humorous. What about you, Nancy?
W: Oh, I think he is quite knowledgeable. However, Angelina doesn’t like his teaching method.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. How long did Nancy stay in New Zealand?
A. One week. B. Three months. C. Five months.
7. Who might Nancy be?
A. A travel agent. B. A secretary. C. A marketing manager.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Nancy! I haven’t seen you for ages. Where did you go?
W: Well, I went to New Zealand for a three-month job training.
M: Cool! You can take a good rest now.
W: Oh, I’m afraid not. I’ll lead my team to the US for a market research within a week.
M: Your schedule is so crowded!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What did James buy?
A. A scarf. B. A pair of shoes. C. A coat.
9. How much did James spend on Black Friday?
A $500. B. $250. C. $50.
10. Why did Vivian buy nothing on Black Friday?
A. She didn’t like shopping festivals.
B. She wanted to save money for her plan.
C. She didn’t like the goods on sale.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【原文】W: James, what did you get on Black Friday?
M: Oh, I planned to buy a scarf and a pair of shoes. But I saw a 50% discount on a coat from my favorite brand. So, I spent all my budget on it.
W: That sounds like a real bargain! So how much did you spend at last?
M: $ 500.
W: Nice!
M: How about you, Vivian?
W: Well, I didn’t buy anything. I’ll go to France for a holiday at the end of this month, so I can’t spend money on Black Friday.
M: No wonder you didn’t buy anything.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Where does Johnson go to college?
A. In Australia. B. In Britain. C. In France.
12. What does Johnson think of his school life?
A. Rich. B. Exciting. C. Ordinary.
13. What will Johnson do when he returns to his homeland?
A. Go to a foreign company.
B. Establish his own company.
C. Join his friend’s company.
【答案】11. A 12. A 13. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Johnson, I heard that your college years in Australia are almost coming to an end. Are you going to stay and work there?
M: Of course not. I’ll return to my motherland. But I will go to Britain and France for a graduation trip first.
W: Well, how do you like your school life?
M: Quite colorful. What’s more, professors and classmates are very nice.
W: That’s so good. So what kind of company will you join after returning to your motherland? Will you go to a foreign company?
M: I will join a company established by a friend of mine.
W: Well, it seems that you’ve got a plan. Good luck!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. How long did William stay at Mount Tai?
A. One day. B. Two days. C. Three days.
15. When did William arrive at Mount Tai?
A. On June 5th. B. On June 6th. C. On June 7th.
16. How did William come back?
A. By car. B. By plane. C. By train.
【答案】14. C 15. B 16. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Sophie, I just came back from Mount Tai. The scenery there is so beautiful!
W: Wow, William, it sounds like you enjoyed the trip. How long have you stayed there?
M: Three days. One or two days is not enough. You know, climbing is hard work, and sometimes I need to rest.
W: Yeah. When did you start your trip?
M: I took the train on the evening of June 5th and arrived there the next morning.
W: Did you come back on the evening of June 8th?
M: No. On the morning of June 9th. A fellow traveler drove back to our city, and he gave me a free ride.
W: Wow, you’re so lucky. You saved some money this way.
M: I couldn’t agree more!
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What’s the speaker’s last suggestion on how to get ready to go fishing?
A. Getting up early.
B. Preparing food and drink.
C. Taking warm clothes.
18. Where does the speaker usually go fishing?
A. To the river. B. To the sea. C. To the lake.
19. Why does the speaker like fishing?
A. It’s popular. B. It’s exciting. C. It’s peaceful.
20. What do we know about the speaker?
A He usually goes fishing alone.
B. He thinks fishing difficult.
C. He often enters fishing competitions.
【答案】17. B 18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m going to talk about an activity that I enjoy doing, and that’s fishing. Actually, I think someone said that fishing’s the most popular hobby in the world. So how do I get ready? Well, if you go fishing, first you have to get up early. Then you need to pack all your equipment and that includes, er, like a long, thin stick, a box to put the fish in and some little things that you need to attract the fish. Also, you need to take some warm clothes. And lastly, you need to take something to drink and maybe a sandwich because you can get hungry. There are lots of places where you can go fishing. Some people go to rivers or lakes, but I live near the beach, so I fish in a small boat. I wear a life jacket (救生衣), because I usually boat out to sea alone — about a kilometer — so people can’t always see me. Sometimes it may be dangerous. However, fishing is really quite simple. You just sit and wait. I love it mainly because it’s so peaceful. Also, it’s very exciting when you catch something. All in all, it’s a wonderful activity — it’s like a sport, but you’re just competing with yourself or with the natural world.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑。
A
Sitting on the edge of the world, Sydney is considered as one of the world’s greatest cities. Here are some things you should do and see in Sydney.
Explore Sydney’s hottest neighborhood
Many big-ticket attractions can be found in or around the Circular Quay area, right by the port. Here, you can get on ferries(轮渡) to faraway islands or go exploring on foot with the Sydney Opera House, Royal Botanic Gardens and Museum of Contemporary all nearby.
Take side trips
Popular among outdoor types, the rough Blue Mountains—about two hours by train west of the city—promises winter skiing, excellent hiking and kangaroo sightings. Walking through the national park, travelers will watch forests, waterfalls, natural caves, small villages and rock formations.
The Hunter valley, just a two-hour drive north of Sydney, is Australia’s oldest wine region. Most vineyards(葡萄园) are family-owned, focusing on small production. Wine is more personal here.
Stay in style
The classic Langham Hotel is located just west of Circular Quay, offering easy access to the famous port.
As you explore its beautiful corridors(走廊), look for contemporary artworks from around the world—The Langham Hotel has the largest art gathering (more than $1 million worth) in Australia.
Meanwhile, those looking for a more relaxed experience can go camping on Cockatoo Island—just a quick boat ride from Circular Quay.
Travel tips
• Leaving tips at the bar or for a taxi isn’t expected, but it’s appreciated.
• When riding in a taxi alone, it’s customary to sit in the front seat.
• Bring sun cream, sunglasses and hat—whatever the season.
• On Sundays, families enjoy discounted fares on Sydney’s ferries and trains.
21. What can you do in the Blue Mountains?
A. Explore the artificial caves. B. Watch the lovely kangaroos.
C. Taste locally produced wine. D. Enjoy the unique corridors.
22. What makes the Langham Hotel special?
A. Its ideal location. B. Its first-class service.
C. Its big collection of artworks. D. Its modem architectural style.
23. Which of the following is strongly suggested about touring Sydney?
A. Ensure sun protection. B. Offer bar tips.
C. Sit behind the driver in a taxi. D. Travel by train.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇广告类型的文章。悉尼位于世界的边缘，被认为是世界上最伟大的城市之一。本文介绍了一些你应该在悉尼做和看的事情。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据标题“Take side trips”下的第一句“Popular among outdoor types, the rough Blue Mountains—about two hours by train west of the city—promises winter skiing, excellent hiking and kangaroo sightings. ”（在户外活动中很受欢迎，在城市西边坐火车大约两小时就能到达崎岖不平的蓝山，这里可以滑雪、徒步旅行和观赏袋鼠。）可知你在蓝山能做的事情是：看可爱的袋鼠。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据标题“Stay in style”下的第二句“As you explore its beautiful corridors(走廊), look for contemporary artworks from around the world—The Langham Hotel has the largest art gathering (more than $1 million worth) in Australia.”（当你探索它美丽的走廊时(走廊), 寻找来自世界各地的当代艺术品—兰厄姆酒店拥有澳大利亚最大的艺术盛会（价值超过100万美元）。）可知兰厄姆酒店的特别之处是：它收藏了大量的艺术品。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据标题“Travel tips”下的第三点建议“Bring sun cream, sunglasses and hat—whatever the season.”（在任何季节都带上防晒霜、太阳镜和帽子。），可知关于悉尼之旅，强烈建议的是：确保防晒。故选A。
B
Alaska’s Yukon River has faced major salmon shortages in recent years. Officials say record-high temperatures last year killed most salmon in the 3,200-kilometer river before the fish were able to reproduce. The losses led Alaska to stop their salmon harvests in 2021 to make sure that enough fish survived to reproduce for another year.
The poor salmon harvests caused major financial losses to private fishing companies in the area. The die-offs also hurt native communities, which traditionally store the fish as a year-round food supply.
Last month, the U.S. Department of Commerce declared a disaster for Yukon River fishing for 2020 and 2021, making aid money available. Alaska has sent emergency fish shipments to areas affected by the salmon shortages.
Scientists have mostly blamed the problems on a series of heat waves in the Bering Sea and North Pacific Ocean from 2014 to 2019. The warm ocean waters affected salmon’s living in the sea before they returned to lay eggs.
Climate change may also be affecting what the salmon are eating. Fishing experts say young salmon are likely filling up on nutrient-poor food because warmer waters drive away healthier organisms (有机物) they normally feed on. “In my opinion, the salmon are starving with climate change,” said Brooke Woods in the Yukon River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission.
The effects of climate change on freshwater environments have also been studied. Vanessa von Biela is a biologist who looked at the rivers, streams and lakes where salmon live. Her team found that Chinook salmon show heat stress at temperatures above 18℃. They start dying above 20℃. In 2019, temperatures on the Alaskan side were above 18℃ for 44 straight days, a recent study found.
The effects of warming waters can be reduced by climate-driven glacier (冰川) runoff, which brings cooler water into rivers and streams. But scientists still expect salmon to begin slowly moving to new areas within Alaska. “Salmon will find a way,” said Biela. “but it’s going to be hard for communities in places where there might not be salmon anymore.”
24. What do the locals rely on salmon for?
A. Food supply. B. Scientific study. C. Green tourism. D. Water improvement.
25. What did the declaration of the disaster bring about?
A. Financial losses. B. Relief funds. C. Economic growth. D. Fast delivery.
26. Which of the following is the effect of climate change in Yukon River?
A. No healthy organisms are left there. B. Salmon there lose the ability to lay eggs.
C. Salmon there go short of nutritious food. D. The temperature remains above 18℃ till now.
27. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Measures to protect salmon are effective. B. Salmon will not find a way out of the crisis.
C. The amount of salmon will increase greatly. D. Salmon are likely to leave the river for survival.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是阿拉斯加育空河近年来面临鲑鱼严重短缺的问题，科学家们大多将这些问题归咎于气候变化。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The die-offs also hurt native communities, which traditionally store the fish as a year-round food supply.(这些鱼类的死亡也对当地社区造成了伤害，当地传统上储存这些鱼类作为全年的食物供应。)”可知，当地人靠鲑鱼来作为食物供应。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Last month, the U.S. Department of Commerce declared a disaster for Yukon River fishing for 2020 and 2021, making aid money available.(上个月，美国商务部宣布育空河渔业在2020年和2021年处于灾难状态，使得援助资金被获得。)”可知，灾难的声明带来了救援资金。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“Climate change may also be affecting what the salmon are eating. Fishing experts say young salmon are likely filling up on nutrient-poor food because warmer waters drive away healthier organisms they normally feed on.(气候变化也可能影响鲑鱼的饮食。渔业专家说，年幼的鲑鱼可能会吃营养不良的食物，因为温暖的海水赶走了它们通常赖以为生的健康生物。)”可知，Yukon River的气候变化的影响是那里的鲑鱼缺乏营养食物。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But scientists still expect salmon to begin slowly moving to new areas within Alaska.(但科学家仍然预计鲑鱼会开始缓慢地迁移到阿拉斯加的新地区。)”可知，鲑鱼很可能为了生存而离开这条河流。故选D。
C
When we see a person in trouble, the first idea that comes to our mind is to lend a hand. But what if we see an animal in trouble, does the same rule apply?
This question was raised after a group of penguins (企鹅) were saved from an icy gully (峡谷) in Antarctica. It was filmed for the BBC wildlife series Dynasties. The film crew were anxious when they saw that a group of penguins had fallen into a gully and been trapped with their young. They built a slope (斜坡) so that a few of the penguins could save themselves.
The case has taken the international media by storm. Viewers watching this film sighed in relief. “I’m so glad. I understand not taking action directly, but a helping hand isn’t bothering, right?” viewer Kathryn Shaw said on her Facebook.
However, others think human interference (干涉) is unnatural. “You can’t have sunshine throughout your life. To have done anything else would only make matters worse.” said the show’s creator David Attenborough, according to TheTimes.
In this case, however, Mike Gunton, the executive producer of the series, said that this was a one-off situation. “There were no animals going to suffer by interfering. You weren’t touching the animals and it was just felt by doing this …They had the chance not to have to keep slipping down the slope.” he told the BBC.
Such cases are familiar to Paul Nicklen, wildlife photographer for National Geographic. He told Metro, “If it’s ever a predator (捕食者) situation, no matter how gut-wrenching, you stay out of the way. Even when you’re watching a male polar bear eat a baby bear.”
“There’s no rule book in those situations. You can only respond to the facts that are right there in front of you.” Will Lawson, the show’s director, told Daily Mail.
28. What has led to a heated media discussion?
A. The rescue of penguins from a gully.
B. People’s various opinions on penguins.
C. Some penguins’ sufferings in a gully.
D. Ways of filming the series Dynasties.
29. Who holds a positive attitude towards human interference?
A. David Attenborough. B. Will Lawson.
C. Paul Nicklen. D. Kathryn Shaw.
30. Which of the following best explains the word “gutwrenching” underlined in Paragraph 6?
A. Making one confused. B. Making one heartbroken.
C. Putting one in danger. D. Making one amazed.
31. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Necessity of Lending a Hand to Animals
B. Protect Animals From Dying Out
C. Human Interference on Dangerous Animals
D. Help Animals in Trouble or Not
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当动物们面临危险时，我们是否要伸出援救之手，以及如何去保护它们脱险。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The film crew were anxious when they saw that a group of penguins had fallen into a gully and been trapped with their young. They built a slope (斜坡) so that a few of the penguins could save themselves.(当摄制组看到一群企鹅和它们的幼崽掉进沟里被困在一起时，他们非常焦虑。他们建了一个斜坡，好让几只企鹅能自救。)”和第三段的“The case has taken the international media by storm.(这起案件引起了国际媒体的广泛关注。)”可知，从峡谷中救出企鹅这一事件引起了大家的热议。故选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的““I’m so glad. I understand not taking action directly, but a helping hand isn’t bothering, right?” viewer Kathryn Shaw said on her Facebook.(“我很高兴。我理解不直接采取行动，但伸出援助之手并不麻烦，对吧？”观众Kathryn Shaw在她的脸书上说。)”可推知，Kathryn Shaw对帮助动物是很赞成的，故选D。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文语境大家对干涉动物的行为有不同观点，结合下文的“you stay out of the way. Even when you’re watching a male polar bear eat a baby bear(你给我闪开。即使你在看一只雄性北极熊吃掉一只幼熊)”可知，这是个捕食的情景，无论你是多么的心碎，你都不能干预。结合四个选项可知，gutwrenching意为“令人痛苦的”，和Making one heartbroken(令人心碎)意思相近，故选B。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。阅读文章，并结合第一段“When we see a person in trouble, the first idea that comes to our mind is to lend a hand. But what if we see an animal in trouble, does the same rule apply?(当我们看到一个人有麻烦时，我们想到的第一个想法是伸出援手。但是，如果我们看到一只动物陷入困境，同样的规则也适用吗？)”和第二段“This question was raised after a group of penguins (企鹅) were saved from an icy gully (峡谷) in Antarctica.(这个问题是在一群企鹅从南极洲的冰沟中获救后提出的。)”可知，本文就救助企鹅的视频引发的热议讲述了当动物面临危险时，我们是否要伸出援救之手，以及如何去保护它们脱险。因此，本文的最佳标题应为D选项“Help Animals in Trouble or Not(是否帮助有困难的动物)”。故选D。
D
Learning to say “yes, and”
When I first heard about the improvisation (即兴交流) class, I was hesitating. As a quiet and shy girl, I feared improvising in front of strangers. However, I knew I wanted to work as a science communicator after finishing my Ph.D., so it seemed like a perfect chance to learn how to speak and communicate with others effectively. I signed up, knowing the experience would give me help.
During our first class, we learned an important concept of improvisation: “yes, and.” It means that, as improvisers, we’d better accept what fellow performers say. If someone says that rhinos (犀牛) are librarians, for example, then rhinos are librarians. We do not question the logic; we say “yes” and then continue with the scene as if nothing is wrong.
The first few scenes were hard, but as weeks turned into months, I became more comfortable and even started to enjoy our classes. I became better at listening, relating to my conversation partners, and communicating clearly in the moment. Once when I was giving a presentation about my science, an audience member surprised me with a question that didn’t grow out of the information I’d presented. Instead of getting confused and nervous, I took the “yes, and” approach—accepting the question and letting my mind focus on why it was asked. That helped me find an appropriate answer. I got pretty excited about it.
The benefits of improvisation go beyond communication. Before attending the class, I would get stuck when my experiments produced unexpected data, thinking that I had made a mistake. But now, instead of getting discouraged, I will stay open to the possibility that the results are real, keep exploring the data and end up identifying a new type of cell—one that isn’t behaving as expected.
I think all scientists can benefit from this lesson. If the data say rhinos are librarians, then it’s worth finding out whether rhinos are, in fact, librarians. As scientists, our job isn’t to challenge data that support, a preconceived story, but to say “yes, and.”
32. Why did the author attend the improvisation class?
A. To get a different experience.
B. To finish her Ph.D. at university.
C. To give up her job as a science communicator.
D. To improve her speaking and communicating ability.
33. What was the author’s change after attending the improvisation class?
A. She formed her own idea quickly.
B. She came up with lots of creative responses.
C. She paid more attention to the logic of answers.
D. She became a good listener before giving an opinion.
34. The author mentions applying the “yes, and” approach to her scientific experiments to ________.
A. explain the process of using the method
B. prove the benefits of the improvisation class
C. share her own research experiences with readers
D. attract fellow scientists to attend the improvisation class
35. What can be inferred about scientists from the last paragraph?
A. They should attend the improvisation class.
B. They should question all preconceived ideas.
C. They should carry on research by admitting earlier data.
D. They should try to improve their academic knowledge.
【答案】32. D 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了作者通过上即兴交流课，学会了“yes, and”方法，让自己更善于倾听，并给自己的科学研究带来了好处。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“As a quiet and shy girl, I feared improvising in front of strangers. However, I knew I wanted to work as a science communicator after finishing my Ph.D., so it seemed like a perfect chance to learn how to speak and communicate with others effectively. I signed up, knowing the experience would give me help.”（作为一个安静害羞的女孩，我害怕在陌生人面前即兴交流。然而，我知道我想在完成博士学位后成为一名科学交流者，因此，这似乎是一个学习如何有效地与他人交谈和沟通的绝佳机会。我报名了，因为我知道这段经历会给我帮助）可知，因为作者打算的完成博士学位后成为一名科学交流者，需要提高与他人交谈和沟通的能力，但她一个安静害羞的女孩，她参加即兴交流课是想要提高自己的交谈和沟通的能力，由此可知，作者参加即兴交流课是为了提高她的交谈和沟通能力。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“The first few scenes were hard, but as weeks turned into months, I became more comfortable and even started to enjoy our classes. I became better at listening, relating to my conversation partners, and communicating clearly in the moment.”（最初的几个场景很难，但随着上了几个月课后，我变得更舒服了，甚至开始享受我们的课程。我变得更善于倾听，更善于与我的谈话伙伴交流，也更善于在这一刻清晰地沟通）可知，在上了几周课后，作者变得更善于倾听，更善于与谈话伙伴交流，也更善于清晰地沟通，由此可知，作者参加即兴交流课后的变化是：在发表意见之前，她成了一个很好的倾听者。故选D项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段关键句“Before attending the class, I would get stuck when my experiments produced unexpected data, thinking that I had made a mistake. But now, instead of getting discouraged, I will stay open to the possibility that the results are real, keep exploring the data and end up identifying a new type of cell—one that isn’t behaving as expected.”（在上课之前，当我的实验产生意想不到的数据时，我会被卡住，觉得自己犯了一个错误。但是现在，我不会灰心，而是会对结果是真实的可能性保持开放态度，继续探索数据，最终发现一种新类型的细胞——一种不符合预期的细胞）和最后一段关键句“I think all scientists can benefit from this lesson.”（我认为所有的科学家都能从这个课中受益）可知，运用了“yes, and”方法，让作者在进行科学实验的过程中受益，她会对意想不到的结果持开放态度，继续研究，最终有了意想不到的科学发现，她认为所有的科学家都能从这个课中受益，由此可知，作者提到在她的科学实验中运用“yes, and”的方法是为了证明即兴交流课的好处。故选B项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“If the data say rhinos are librarians, then it’s worth finding out whether rhinos are, in fact, librarians. As scientists, our job isn’t to challenge data that support, a preconceived story, but to say “yes, and.””（如果数据显示犀牛是图书管理员，那么就有必要了解犀牛是否是图书管理员。作为科学家，我们的工作不是去挑战支持一个事先形成的描述的数据，而是说“yes, and”）可知，作者认为面对之前的科学数据，我们的工作并不是去挑战它，而是要接受它，并继续研究，探索真伪，由此可知，从最后一段可以推断出科学家应该通过接受早期数据进行研究。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Four ways to Make Someone Else Smile
In our world, if you can make even one person smile a day, you can help make this world a better place. ____36____ .
Send a handwritten letter.
In this day and age, everything is sent via e-mail or Facebook, so it’s a shock to receive a letter. Writing a few words to a friend can be an easy way to have a positive effect. ____37____.
Volunteer.
Volunteering is one of the nicest things you can do. Whether you volunteer at your local youth group or take dogs from shelters for a walk, the simple fact that you help someone else is very excellent. There are so many opportunities, so you can find one that is right for you. ____38____ It could be once a week or a couple of times a year.
____39____
Whether you’re creative or not, taking time to make something for a special person shows how much you appreciate him or her. Even if you think you’re not creative, the receiver will feel lucky to get such a unique gift.
Tell someone “I love you”.
Actually, you don’t even have to say “I love you”. You can tell a friend that you appreciate him. ____40____ Sometimes, in our busy lives we forget to take a moment to tell people what they mean to us.
A. Do it as much as you can.
B. Here is a list of ideas to help you.
C. Make something for a special person.
D. It is very clear that how magic the words are.
E. Also, you can remind your mom that you love her.
F. It doesn’t necessarily have to take up all your time.
G. Even a postcard with a couple of sentences could really work.
【答案】36. B 37. G 38. F 39. C 40. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了让别人微笑的四种方法。
【36题详解】
根据本文标题“Four ways to Make Someone Else Smile(让别人微笑的四种方法)”可知，本文主要介绍了让别人微笑的四种方法，再分析设空，位于第一段的段尾，有引出下文的作用，所以B项“Here is a list of ideas to help you.(这里有一些建议可以帮助你)”符合文意，引出下文。故选B项。
【37题详解】
根据本段小标题“Send a handwritten letter.(寄一封手写的信)”可知本段主要介绍给他人手写一封信，会让他们微笑，再根据前文“Writing a few words to a friend can be an easy way to have a positive effect.(给朋友写几句话是产生积极影响的简单方法)”可知，空处内容与动手写信有关，故G项“Even a postcard with a couple of sentences could really work.(即使是一张只有几句话的明信片也可能真的有用)”符合文意。故选G项。
【38题详解】
根据本段小标题“Volunteer(志愿者)”可知，本段主要介绍了去做志愿者，也会使人微笑，再根据后文“It could be once a week or a couple of times a year.(可能是一周一次或一年几次)”可知，是在讲做志愿者的时间，所以空处应该是过渡到时间上来，故F项“It doesn’t necessarily have to take up all your time.(这并不一定要占据你所有的时间)”符合文意。故选F项。
【39题详解】
分析设空可知，空处属于本段小标题，所以根据空处下的段落“Whether you’re creative or not, taking time to make something for a special person shows how much you appreciate him or her.Even if you think you’re not creative, the receiver will feel lucky to get such a unique gift.(不管你是否富有创造力，花时间为一个特别的人做点什么都能显示出你对他/她的感激之情。即使你认为自己没有创意，但收到这样一份独一无二的礼物的人也会感到幸运)”可知，本段主要介绍了花时间为一个特别的人做点什么，所以C项“Make something for a special person.(为一个特别的人做点东西)”符合文意，其中make something for a special person为原词复现。故选C项。
【40题详解】
根据本段小标题“Tell someone “I love you”.(告诉别人“我爱你”)”可知，本段主要介绍了告诉某人“我爱你”会使他人微笑，再根据前文“You can tell a friend that you appreciate him.(你可以告诉朋友你很感激他)”可推知，本段是告知某人，不单单是朋友，还有其他人，所以E项“Also, you can remind your mom that you love her.(此外，你可以提醒你的妈妈，你爱她)”符合文意，其中love为同词复现。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was a young father, autumn would spread her colorful carpet across the hills and mountains of my home. I would often load my kids into the car and go on a tour, admiring the ____41____ of this world.
I remember I once drove a long way down a back road I was ____42____ with. At one point I came to a crossroads. One road was paved and looked in good ____43____. The other road didn’t look quite so good. ____44____ my better instincts(直觉), I decided to take a chance and didn’t go down the good one. It didn’t take long before I came to the ____45____ that I had made a big mistake. The road was full of potholes(坑洼) and rocks that dragged ____46____ my car. I almost got ____47____ in the mud once and the road seemed to ____48____ as I went along. Finally, I stopped the car and looked around, and I decided to drive a mile and a half backward until I ____49____ the crossroads again.
_____50_____, that wasn’t the only time in my time when I took the wrong way at the crossroads. I have done so more times than I can _____51_____. Thankfully, each time I realized my mistake, I would _____52_____ to be on the right road again.
Crossroads call for choice, and there is no _____53_____ in changing your choice if you see you are on the wrong road. Choose wisely and correct your mistakes when _____54_____. Then all of your _____55_____ will lead you to joy and pattern of your life will become as beautiful as a forest in the fall.
41. A. origin B. kindness C. wisdom D. beauty
42. A. uncomfortable B. unpleasant C. unfamiliar D. unhappy
43. A. condition B. sense C. season D. taste
44. A. Remembering B. Ignoring C. Pressing D. Addressing
45. A. development B. appointment C. introduction D. realization
46. A. in B. under C. in front of D. from
47. A. hit B. ruined C. stuck D. protected
48. A. shorten B. widen C. strengthen D. worsen
49. A. missed B. felt C. reached D. left
50. A. Fortunately B. Doubtfully C. Roughly D. Sadly
51. A. offer B. impress C. help D. count
52. A. manage B. plan C. want D. expect
53. A. point B. shame C. contentment D. relaxation
54. A. necessary B. practical C. imaginable D. anxious
55. A. difficulties B. changes C. rewards D. facts
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. D 49. C 50. D 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章通过描述作者在十字路口选择错了路的经历告诉读者：当我们到达十字路口的时候，我们需要做选择，如果发现自己走错了路，那么改变自己的选择并不可耻。所有的改变都会带来快乐，我们的生活模式会在秋天变得像森林一样美丽。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我经常把孩子们装上车去旅游，欣赏这个世界的美。A. origin起源；B. kindness友好；C. wisdom智慧；D. beauty美丽。根据上文“When I was a young father, autumn would spread her colorful carpet across the hills and mountains of my home.”可知，作者是要带着孩子们去大自然欣赏美丽的秋天的风景。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我记得我曾经在一条我不熟悉的小路上开了很长一段路。A. uncomfortable不舒服；B. unpleasant不高兴；C. unfamiliar不熟悉；D. unhappy不高兴。根据下文“____4____ my better instincts(直觉), I decided to take a chance and didn’t go down the good one.”可知，作者不熟悉这条路。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一条路铺好了，看上去路况很好。A. condition状况；B. sense感觉；C. season季节；D. taste味道。根据上文“One road was paved”可知，这是条已经铺好的路，所以路况很好。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：无视我更好的直觉，我决定碰碰运气，并且没有走那条路况好的路。A. Remembering记得；B. Ignoring忽略；C. Pressing压；D. Addressing写地址。根据下文“I decided to take a chance and didn’t go down the good one.”可知，作者并没有按照他对路况的直觉去选择走那一条好点的路。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，我就意识到我犯了一个大错。A. development发展；B. appointment约定；C. introduction介绍；D. realization意识。根据下文“that I had made a big mistake.”可知，这是作者没过多久就意识到的情况。故选D。
46题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：路上到处是坑洼和岩石，拖在我的车下。A. in在…内部；B. under在…下面；C. in front of在…前面；D. from从。根据上文“potholes(坑洼) and rocks”可知，这些坑洼和岩石应该是拖在作者的车下面。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次我差点陷在泥里，我一路走下去，路似乎变得更糟了。A. hit撞击；B. ruined毁灭；C. stuck陷住；D. protected保护。根据下文“in the mud”可知，作者是几乎要陷在泥里了。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第7题详解。A. shorten缩短；B. widen加宽；C. strengthen增强；D. worsen使更糟糕。根据下文“Finally, I stopped the car and looked around, and I decided to drive a mile and a half backward until I ____9____ the crossroads again.”可知，接下来，路况变得更糟糕了。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我停下车，环顾四周，我决定向后开一英里半，直到再次到达十字路口。A. missed错过；B. felt感觉；C. reached到达；D. left离开。根据下文“the crossroads again”可知，作者应该是打算开一英里半，直到再次到达十字路口。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人伤心的是，这不是我一生中唯一一次在十字路口走错路。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Doubtfully怀疑地；C. Roughly粗糙地；D. Sadly伤心地。根据下文“that wasn’t the only time in my time when I took the wrong way at the crossroads.”可知，这是令作者很伤心的事情。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我做了无数次这样的事情了，多的我都数不过来了。A. offer提供；B. impress留下印象；C. help帮助；D. count数数。根据上文“I have done so more times than I can”可知，这种曾经做了无数次这样的事情了，多的他都数不过来了。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，每次我意识到自己的错误时，我都会设法再次走上正确的道路。A. manage尽力；B. plan计划；C. want想要；D. expect期待。根据下文“to be on the right road again”可知，当作者意识到自己错的时候，都会设法再次成功走上正确的道路。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：十字路口需要选择，如果你发现自己走错了路，那么改变自己的选择并不可耻。A. point点；B. shame羞愧；C. contentment满足；D. relaxation放松。根据这句话上下文意思可知，当你发现自己在十字路口做出错误的决定而走错路时，那么，改变自己的选择并不是可耻的事情。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：明智地做出选择，并且，当必要的时候，纠正你的错误。A. necessary必要的；B. practical实际的；C. imaginable可想象的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据上文“changing your choice if you see you are on the wrong road”可知，这是指在必要的时候要纠正错误。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，你所有的改变都会带给你快乐，你的生活模式会在秋天变得像森林一样美丽。A. difficulties困难；B. changes改变；C. rewards回报；D. facts事实。根据下文“will lead you to joy and pattern of your life will become as beautiful as a forest in the fall”可知，是做出的所有的改变会带给你快乐，你的生活模式会在秋天变得像森林一样美丽。故选B。
第II卷(共55分)
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has once again showed its ability to change the world with its “four great new ____56____ (invent)” — high-speed rail, electronic payment, shared bicycles, and online shopping.
China’s new-generation high-speed train, the Fuxing Hao, ____57____ can travel at a speed of 350km/h, is now one of the ____58____ (fast) trains in the world. Besides high-speed rail, China ____59____ (improve) people’s lives in many other innovative (创新的) ways over the last ten years.
Bike sharing, for example, is not new itself. But China has made ____60____ much more convenient and popular both in China and overseas. The leading Chinese biking-sharing companies Mobike and Ofo are now operating in foreign countries such as Singapore and Britain.
And back in China, ____61____ (ride) a shared bike, you can stop to buy and eat whatever you want ____62____ (simple) with a tap on your phone. You could easily pay with your smart phone by ____63____ (scan) the seller’s QR code. Cashless payment has grown into ____64____ choice for Chinese people — even a pancake seller is using Alipay.
Besides, the four innovative ways of life are most appealing to youths from 20 countries taking part _____65_____ the Belt and Road Initiative, and they wish their countries would emulate (效仿) China in terms of technological achievements.
【答案】56. inventions
57. which 58. fastest
59. has improved
60. it 61. riding
62. simply 63. scanning
64. a 65. in
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文，讲述了中国 “四大新发明” 改善了人们的生活，也在改变着世界。
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国以“四大新发明”——高铁、电子支付、共享自行车和网上购物——再次展示了它改变世界的能力。空前有形容词new，应修饰名词；invent是动词，名词为 invention；根据数词four可知应为名词复数形式。故填inventions。
【57题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中国新一代高铁——“复兴号”动车组列车，时速可达350公里，是目前世界上最快列车之一。分析句子结构，“____ can travel at a speed of 350 km/h”是非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词the Fuxing Hao，指物，在从句中做主语，用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【58题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国新一代高铁——“复兴号”动车组列车，时速可达350公里，是目前世界上最快的列车之一。根据句意，应为“最快的列车之一”，用fast的最高级形式作定语，故填fastest。
【59题详解】
考查时态。句意：除了高铁，在过去十年里，中国还以许多其他创新的方式改善了人们的生活。时间状语over the last ten years常与现在完成时连用，表示对现在的影响和结果，意为“已经改善了”；主语是China，谓语动词用单数，故填has improved。
【60题详解】
考查代词。句意：例如，共享自行车服务本身并不是什么新鲜事。但中国已经使它在国内和海外更方便、更受欢迎。所填词指代上一句的bike sharing，用代词it作宾语，故填it。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：回到中国，骑上一辆共享单车，你可以停下来买任何你想吃的东西，只要轻轻敲一下你的手机。分析句子结构可知ride与逻辑主语you构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填riding。
【62题详解】
考查副词。句意：回到中国，骑上一辆共享单车，你可以停下来买任何你想吃的东西，只要轻轻敲一下你的手机。修饰介词短语with a tap on your phone应该用副词作状语。故填simply。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：通过扫描卖家的二维码，你就可以轻松地使用智能手机支付。介词by意为“凭借/通过……途径/方式”，后接动名词作宾语。故填scanning。
【64题详解】
考查冠词。句意：无现金支付已经成为中国人的一种选择。根据句意，此处为不定冠词a 表示数量，意为“一个，一种”；choice的发音是以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a。故填a。
【65题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：这四种创新的生活方式对参与“一带一路”建设的20个国家的青年人最具吸引力。短语take part in表示“参加”，故填in。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假如你是高一(1)班的学生李华，你们班要举办一个以亲子关系(parent-child relationship)为主题的班会，请给外教Mike写一封信，邀请他来参加并通知以下事宜：
1. 举办时间：下周一下午4:00—5∶30
2. 举办目的;
3. 希望Mike能提出一些建议
注意：写作词数应为80词左右
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mike，
How is everything going with you? I am writing to invite you to attend our class meeting on the topic of parent-child relationship and inform you of something that you need to know.
According to the plan, the class meeting will begin at 4 pm next Monday and end at 5∶30 pm. With the aim of easing the tensions between parents and their children, thus enhancing their relationship, we hope that you can give us some suggestions. I’m sure we will learn a lot from your speech.
We are looking forward to seeing you next Monday afternoon.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生邀请外教Mike参加一个以亲子关系为主题的班会，通知他活动的相关事宜并请求他提出建议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
带有……目的：with the aim of → in order to
建议：suggestion → advice
因此：thus → therefore
希望：hope → wish
2.句式拓展
宾语从句变主语从句
原句：I’m sure we will learn a lot from your speech.
拓展句：It is believed that we will learn a lot from your speech.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing to invite you to attend our class meeting on the topic of parent-child relationship and inform you of something that you need to know.（运用了that引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】With the aim of easing the tensions between parents and their children, thus enhancing their relationship, we hope that you can give us some suggestions.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The science teacher, Mr. Moose, decided that the school would have a paper airplane contest. Each student would design a paper airplane. And then they would take turns throwing their airplanes. The student whose airplane flew the farthest would win.
When Mr. Moose announced the paper airplane contest, all the students were very excited. Paul, who was on the wrestling team, said to other students: “I am the strongest. And I will be able to throw my airplane the farthest.”
However, another student, Brian, was thinking how he could win. He did not play any sports and was not very strong. But he loved airplanes and really wanted to win the contest.
Brian knew what he had to do. He went to the store and bought a big stack of paper. When he got home, he took the paper into the backyard. He took a piece of paper and folded an airplane. It didn't go very far, so Brian took another sheet and folded another airplane and threw it. This airplane went a little farther. Brian kept folding different kinds of airplanes and throwing them. Some went very far and some did not. Finally, when Brian had used all the paper, he walked up to the airplane that had flown the farthest and picked it up.
注意：
1.续写的词数应为120左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
On the contest day, all the students lined up on the playground.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The whole school cheered as Brian went up to get his prize!
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
第一段：
Finally, it was Brian's turn. Brian took the airplane that he had folded the day before. He walked up to the line and,with all his strength, he threw the plane. It went flying, farther and farther, until finally it landed 10 feet past Paul's plane! The whole school cheered. Brian won the contest. Mr Moose gave him a prize:a toy airplane.
第二段：
Brian won because he tried out many solutions to the problem of how to make an airplane fly very far. He did this by testing out many different designs and comparing the results. When he found the design that worked best and the paper airplane that flew the farthest, he was happy to use it.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了科学老师穆斯先生决定学校将举办一场纸飞机比赛。每个学生都会设计一架纸飞机。然后他们会轮流扔飞机。飞机飞得最远的学生将获胜。学生布莱恩热爱飞机，真的想赢得比赛并通过自己不断琢磨并改善飞机，使飞机越飞越远。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“比赛当天，所有的学生都在操场上排队。”可知，第一段可描写布莱恩展示自己的飞机并试飞获得第一名。
②由第二段首句内容“当布莱恩上前领取奖品时，全校都欢呼起来！”可知，第二段可对布莱恩飞获胜原因进行分析。
2.续写线索：尽全力参赛——取得第一——获得奖励—— 全校欢呼——分析获胜原因
3.词汇激活
行为类
用尽全力：with all one’s strength /try one’s best/with all one’s might
掷出：throw/toss
.对比：compare/ contrast/ make a comparison
情绪类
①.欢呼：cheer/ hail/scared
②.高兴：happy / glad/delighted
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Brian took the airplane that he had folded the day before. (运用了that引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2]. It went flying, farther and farther, until finally it landed 10 feet past Paul's plane! (运用了until引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型3]. Brian won because he tried out many solutions to the problem of how to make an airplane fly very far. (运用了because引导的原因状语从句)
常德市一中2022年下学期高一年级期中考试试卷
英语
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How’s the weather today?
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Windy.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Look, the sky is almost dark!
M: Oh, the weather forecast is quite accurate. It said that it would rain heavily today.
W: Yes, the weather in summer is so changeable. It was still a sunny day yesterday.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will Jessie do this Sunday?
A. Have a picnic.
B. Finish her homework.
C. Take a part-time job.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Jessie, how about having a picnic together this weekend?
W: I’d love to, but I have to finish my homework on Saturday and work part-time at the bakery on Sunday. We can do it next Sunday.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a bookstore.
B. In a library.
C. In a classroom.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Excuse me, I can’t find Jane Eyre. Could you help me?
W: Oh, sure. Let me check…Well, the last one was checked out an hour ago. You can borrow other books instead.
M: Well, what a pity!
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When will the speakers meet?
A. On Saturday afternoon.
B. On Sunday morning.
C On Sunday afternoon.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, I’m sorry. I wonder if I could change our appointment on Saturday afternoon.
M: It’s OK. So when would it be convenient for you?
W: How about Sunday morning?
M: Alright, it doesn’t make any difference to me.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who thinks the new teacher is knowledgeable?
A. Nancy. B. Jack. C. Angelina.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Jack, what do you think of the new teacher?
M: I think he is very humorous. What about you, Nancy?
W: Oh, I think he is quite knowledgeable. However, Angelina doesn’t like his teaching method.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. How long did Nancy stay in New Zealand?
A. One week. B. Three months. C. Five months.
7. Who might Nancy be?
A. A travel agent. B. A secretary. C. A marketing manager.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Nancy! I haven’t seen you for ages. Where did you go?
W: Well, I went to New Zealand for a three-month job training.
M: Cool! You can take a good rest now.
W: Oh, I’m afraid not. I’ll lead my team to the US for a market research within a week.
M: Your schedule is so crowded!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What did James buy?
A. A scarf. B. A pair of shoes. C. A coat.
9. How much did James spend on Black Friday?
A $500. B. $250. C. $50.
10. Why did Vivian buy nothing on Black Friday?
A. She didn’t like shopping festivals.
B. She wanted to save money for her plan.
C. She didn’t like the goods on sale.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【原文】W: James, what did you get on Black Friday?
M: Oh, I planned to buy a scarf and a pair of shoes. But I saw a 50% discount on a coat from my favorite brand. So, I spent all my budget on it.
W: That sounds like a real bargain! So how much did you spend at last?
M: $ 500.
W: Nice!
M: How about you, Vivian?
W: Well, I didn’t buy anything. I’ll go to France for a holiday at the end of this month, so I can’t spend money on Black Friday.
M: No wonder you didn’t buy anything.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Where does Johnson go to college?
A. In Australia. B. In Britain. C. In France.
12. What does Johnson think of his school life?
A. Rich. B. Exciting. C. Ordinary.
13. What will Johnson do when he returns to his homeland?
A. Go to a foreign company.
B. Establish his own company.
C. Join his friend’s company.
【答案】11. A 12. A 13. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Johnson, I heard that your college years in Australia are almost coming to an end. Are you going to stay and work there?
M: Of course not. I’ll return to my motherland. But I will go to Britain and France for a graduation trip first.
W: Well, how do you like your school life?
M: Quite colorful. What’s more, professors and classmates are very nice.
W: That’s so good. So what kind of company will you join after returning to your motherland? Will you go to a foreign company?
M: I will join a company established by a friend of mine.
W: Well, it seems that you’ve got a plan. Good luck!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. How long did William stay at Mount Tai?
A. One day. B. Two days. C. Three days.
15. When did William arrive at Mount Tai?
A. On June 5th. B. On June 6th. C. On June 7th.
16. How did William come back?
A. By car. B. By plane. C. By train.
【答案】14. C 15. B 16. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Sophie, I just came back from Mount Tai. The scenery there is so beautiful!
W: Wow, William, it sounds like you enjoyed the trip. How long have you stayed there?
M: Three days. One or two days is not enough. You know, climbing is hard work, and sometimes I need to rest.
W: Yeah. When did you start your trip?
M: I took the train on the evening of June 5th and arrived there the next morning.
W: Did you come back on the evening of June 8th?
M: No. On the morning of June 9th. A fellow traveler drove back to our city, and he gave me a free ride.
W: Wow, you’re so lucky. You saved some money this way.
M: I couldn’t agree more!
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What’s the speaker’s last suggestion on how to get ready to go fishing?
A. Getting up early.
B. Preparing food and drink.
C. Taking warm clothes.
18. Where does the speaker usually go fishing?
A. To the river. B. To the sea. C. To the lake.
19. Why does the speaker like fishing?
A. It’s popular. B. It’s exciting. C. It’s peaceful.
20. What do we know about the speaker?
A He usually goes fishing alone.
B. He thinks fishing difficult.
C. He often enters fishing competitions.
【答案】17. B 18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m going to talk about an activity that I enjoy doing, and that’s fishing. Actually, I think someone said that fishing’s the most popular hobby in the world. So how do I get ready? Well, if you go fishing, first you have to get up early. Then you need to pack all your equipment and that includes, er, like a long, thin stick, a box to put the fish in and some little things that you need to attract the fish. Also, you need to take some warm clothes. And lastly, you need to take something to drink and maybe a sandwich because you can get hungry. There are lots of places where you can go fishing. Some people go to rivers or lakes, but I live near the beach, so I fish in a small boat. I wear a life jacket (救生衣), because I usually boat out to sea alone — about a kilometer — so people can’t always see me. Sometimes it may be dangerous. However, fishing is really quite simple. You just sit and wait. I love it mainly because it’s so peaceful. Also, it’s very exciting when you catch something. All in all, it’s a wonderful activity — it’s like a sport, but you’re just competing with yourself or with the natural world.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑。
A
Sitting on the edge of the world, Sydney is considered as one of the world’s greatest cities. Here are some things you should do and see in Sydney.
Explore Sydney’s hottest neighborhood
Many big-ticket attractions can be found in or around the Circular Quay area, right by the port. Here, you can get on ferries(轮渡) to faraway islands or go exploring on foot with the Sydney Opera House, Royal Botanic Gardens and Museum of Contemporary all nearby.
Take side trips
Popular among outdoor types, the rough Blue Mountains—about two hours by train west of the city—promises winter skiing, excellent hiking and kangaroo sightings. Walking through the national park, travelers will watch forests, waterfalls, natural caves, small villages and rock formations.
The Hunter valley, just a two-hour drive north of Sydney, is Australia’s oldest wine region. Most vineyards(葡萄园) are family-owned, focusing on small production. Wine is more personal here.
Stay in style
The classic Langham Hotel is located just west of Circular Quay, offering easy access to the famous port.
As you explore its beautiful corridors(走廊), look for contemporary artworks from around the world—The Langham Hotel has the largest art gathering (more than $1 million worth) in Australia.
Meanwhile, those looking for a more relaxed experience can go camping on Cockatoo Island—just a quick boat ride from Circular Quay.
Travel tips
• Leaving tips at the bar or for a taxi isn’t expected, but it’s appreciated.
• When riding in a taxi alone, it’s customary to sit in the front seat.
• Bring sun cream, sunglasses and hat—whatever the season.
• On Sundays, families enjoy discounted fares on Sydney’s ferries and trains.
21. What can you do in the Blue Mountains?
A. Explore the artificial caves. B. Watch the lovely kangaroos.
C. Taste locally produced wine. D. Enjoy the unique corridors.
22. What makes the Langham Hotel special?
A. Its ideal location. B. Its first-class service.
C. Its big collection of artworks. D. Its modem architectural style.
23. Which of the following is strongly suggested about touring Sydney?
A. Ensure sun protection. B. Offer bar tips.
C. Sit behind the driver in a taxi. D. Travel by train.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇广告类型的文章。悉尼位于世界的边缘，被认为是世界上最伟大的城市之一。本文介绍了一些你应该在悉尼做和看的事情。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据标题“Take side trips”下的第一句“Popular among outdoor types, the rough Blue Mountains—about two hours by train west of the city—promises winter skiing, excellent hiking and kangaroo sightings. ”（在户外活动中很受欢迎，在城市西边坐火车大约两小时就能到达崎岖不平的蓝山，这里可以滑雪、徒步旅行和观赏袋鼠。）可知你在蓝山能做的事情是：看可爱的袋鼠。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据标题“Stay in style”下的第二句“As you explore its beautiful corridors(走廊), look for contemporary artworks from around the world—The Langham Hotel has the largest art gathering (more than $1 million worth) in Australia.”（当你探索它美丽的走廊时(走廊), 寻找来自世界各地的当代艺术品—兰厄姆酒店拥有澳大利亚最大的艺术盛会（价值超过100万美元）。）可知兰厄姆酒店的特别之处是：它收藏了大量的艺术品。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据标题“Travel tips”下的第三点建议“Bring sun cream, sunglasses and hat—whatever the season.”（在任何季节都带上防晒霜、太阳镜和帽子。），可知关于悉尼之旅，强烈建议的是：确保防晒。故选A。
B
Alaska’s Yukon River has faced major salmon shortages in recent years. Officials say record-high temperatures last year killed most salmon in the 3,200-kilometer river before the fish were able to reproduce. The losses led Alaska to stop their salmon harvests in 2021 to make sure that enough fish survived to reproduce for another year.
The poor salmon harvests caused major financial losses to private fishing companies in the area. The die-offs also hurt native communities, which traditionally store the fish as a year-round food supply.
Last month, the U.S. Department of Commerce declared a disaster for Yukon River fishing for 2020 and 2021, making aid money available. Alaska has sent emergency fish shipments to areas affected by the salmon shortages.
Scientists have mostly blamed the problems on a series of heat waves in the Bering Sea and North Pacific Ocean from 2014 to 2019. The warm ocean waters affected salmon’s living in the sea before they returned to lay eggs.
Climate change may also be affecting what the salmon are eating. Fishing experts say young salmon are likely filling up on nutrient-poor food because warmer waters drive away healthier organisms (有机物) they normally feed on. “In my opinion, the salmon are starving with climate change,” said Brooke Woods in the Yukon River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission.
The effects of climate change on freshwater environments have also been studied. Vanessa von Biela is a biologist who looked at the rivers, streams and lakes where salmon live. Her team found that Chinook salmon show heat stress at temperatures above 18℃. They start dying above 20℃. In 2019, temperatures on the Alaskan side were above 18℃ for 44 straight days, a recent study found.
The effects of warming waters can be reduced by climate-driven glacier (冰川) runoff, which brings cooler water into rivers and streams. But scientists still expect salmon to begin slowly moving to new areas within Alaska. “Salmon will find a way,” said Biela. “but it’s going to be hard for communities in places where there might not be salmon anymore.”
24. What do the locals rely on salmon for?
A. Food supply. B. Scientific study. C. Green tourism. D. Water improvement.
25. What did the declaration of the disaster bring about?
A. Financial losses. B. Relief funds. C. Economic growth. D. Fast delivery.
26. Which of the following is the effect of climate change in Yukon River?
A. No healthy organisms are left there. B. Salmon there lose the ability to lay eggs.
C. Salmon there go short of nutritious food. D. The temperature remains above 18℃ till now.
27. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Measures to protect salmon are effective. B. Salmon will not find a way out of the crisis.
C. The amount of salmon will increase greatly. D. Salmon are likely to leave the river for survival.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是阿拉斯加育空河近年来面临鲑鱼严重短缺的问题，科学家们大多将这些问题归咎于气候变化。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The die-offs also hurt native communities, which traditionally store the fish as a year-round food supply.(这些鱼类的死亡也对当地社区造成了伤害，当地传统上储存这些鱼类作为全年的食物供应。)”可知，当地人靠鲑鱼来作为食物供应。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Last month, the U.S. Department of Commerce declared a disaster for Yukon River fishing for 2020 and 2021, making aid money available.(上个月，美国商务部宣布育空河渔业在2020年和2021年处于灾难状态，使得援助资金被获得。)”可知，灾难的声明带来了救援资金。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“Climate change may also be affecting what the salmon are eating. Fishing experts say young salmon are likely filling up on nutrient-poor food because warmer waters drive away healthier organisms they normally feed on.(气候变化也可能影响鲑鱼的饮食。渔业专家说，年幼的鲑鱼可能会吃营养不良的食物，因为温暖的海水赶走了它们通常赖以为生的健康生物。)”可知，Yukon River的气候变化的影响是那里的鲑鱼缺乏营养食物。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But scientists still expect salmon to begin slowly moving to new areas within Alaska.(但科学家仍然预计鲑鱼会开始缓慢地迁移到阿拉斯加的新地区。)”可知，鲑鱼很可能为了生存而离开这条河流。故选D。
C
When we see a person in trouble, the first idea that comes to our mind is to lend a hand. But what if we see an animal in trouble, does the same rule apply?
This question was raised after a group of penguins (企鹅) were saved from an icy gully (峡谷) in Antarctica. It was filmed for the BBC wildlife series Dynasties. The film crew were anxious when they saw that a group of penguins had fallen into a gully and been trapped with their young. They built a slope (斜坡) so that a few of the penguins could save themselves.
The case has taken the international media by storm. Viewers watching this film sighed in relief. “I’m so glad. I understand not taking action directly, but a helping hand isn’t bothering, right?” viewer Kathryn Shaw said on her Facebook.
However, others think human interference (干涉) is unnatural. “You can’t have sunshine throughout your life. To have done anything else would only make matters worse.” said the show’s creator David Attenborough, according to TheTimes.
In this case, however, Mike Gunton, the executive producer of the series, said that this was a one-off situation. “There were no animals going to suffer by interfering. You weren’t touching the animals and it was just felt by doing this …They had the chance not to have to keep slipping down the slope.” he told the BBC.
Such cases are familiar to Paul Nicklen, wildlife photographer for National Geographic. He told Metro, “If it’s ever a predator (捕食者) situation, no matter how gut-wrenching, you stay out of the way. Even when you’re watching a male polar bear eat a baby bear.”
“There’s no rule book in those situations. You can only respond to the facts that are right there in front of you.” Will Lawson, the show’s director, told Daily Mail.
28. What has led to a heated media discussion?
A. The rescue of penguins from a gully.
B. People’s various opinions on penguins.
C. Some penguins’ sufferings in a gully.
D. Ways of filming the series Dynasties.
29. Who holds a positive attitude towards human interference?
A. David Attenborough. B. Will Lawson.
C. Paul Nicklen. D. Kathryn Shaw.
30. Which of the following best explains the word “gutwrenching” underlined in Paragraph 6?
A. Making one confused. B. Making one heartbroken.
C. Putting one in danger. D. Making one amazed.
31. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Necessity of Lending a Hand to Animals
B. Protect Animals From Dying Out
C. Human Interference on Dangerous Animals
D. Help Animals in Trouble or Not
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当动物们面临危险时，我们是否要伸出援救之手，以及如何去保护它们脱险。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The film crew were anxious when they saw that a group of penguins had fallen into a gully and been trapped with their young. They built a slope (斜坡) so that a few of the penguins could save themselves.(当摄制组看到一群企鹅和它们的幼崽掉进沟里被困在一起时，他们非常焦虑。他们建了一个斜坡，好让几只企鹅能自救。)”和第三段的“The case has taken the international media by storm.(这起案件引起了国际媒体的广泛关注。)”可知，从峡谷中救出企鹅这一事件引起了大家的热议。故选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的““I’m so glad. I understand not taking action directly, but a helping hand isn’t bothering, right?” viewer Kathryn Shaw said on her Facebook.(“我很高兴。我理解不直接采取行动，但伸出援助之手并不麻烦，对吧？”观众Kathryn Shaw在她的脸书上说。)”可推知，Kathryn Shaw对帮助动物是很赞成的，故选D。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文语境大家对干涉动物的行为有不同观点，结合下文的“you stay out of the way. Even when you’re watching a male polar bear eat a baby bear(你给我闪开。即使你在看一只雄性北极熊吃掉一只幼熊)”可知，这是个捕食的情景，无论你是多么的心碎，你都不能干预。结合四个选项可知，gutwrenching意为“令人痛苦的”，和Making one heartbroken(令人心碎)意思相近，故选B。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。阅读文章，并结合第一段“When we see a person in trouble, the first idea that comes to our mind is to lend a hand. But what if we see an animal in trouble, does the same rule apply?(当我们看到一个人有麻烦时，我们想到的第一个想法是伸出援手。但是，如果我们看到一只动物陷入困境，同样的规则也适用吗？)”和第二段“This question was raised after a group of penguins (企鹅) were saved from an icy gully (峡谷) in Antarctica.(这个问题是在一群企鹅从南极洲的冰沟中获救后提出的。)”可知，本文就救助企鹅的视频引发的热议讲述了当动物面临危险时，我们是否要伸出援救之手，以及如何去保护它们脱险。因此，本文的最佳标题应为D选项“Help Animals in Trouble or Not(是否帮助有困难的动物)”。故选D。
D
Learning to say “yes, and”
When I first heard about the improvisation (即兴交流) class, I was hesitating. As a quiet and shy girl, I feared improvising in front of strangers. However, I knew I wanted to work as a science communicator after finishing my Ph.D., so it seemed like a perfect chance to learn how to speak and communicate with others effectively. I signed up, knowing the experience would give me help.
During our first class, we learned an important concept of improvisation: “yes, and.” It means that, as improvisers, we’d better accept what fellow performers say. If someone says that rhinos (犀牛) are librarians, for example, then rhinos are librarians. We do not question the logic; we say “yes” and then continue with the scene as if nothing is wrong.
The first few scenes were hard, but as weeks turned into months, I became more comfortable and even started to enjoy our classes. I became better at listening, relating to my conversation partners, and communicating clearly in the moment. Once when I was giving a presentation about my science, an audience member surprised me with a question that didn’t grow out of the information I’d presented. Instead of getting confused and nervous, I took the “yes, and” approach—accepting the question and letting my mind focus on why it was asked. That helped me find an appropriate answer. I got pretty excited about it.
The benefits of improvisation go beyond communication. Before attending the class, I would get stuck when my experiments produced unexpected data, thinking that I had made a mistake. But now, instead of getting discouraged, I will stay open to the possibility that the results are real, keep exploring the data and end up identifying a new type of cell—one that isn’t behaving as expected.
I think all scientists can benefit from this lesson. If the data say rhinos are librarians, then it’s worth finding out whether rhinos are, in fact, librarians. As scientists, our job isn’t to challenge data that support, a preconceived story, but to say “yes, and.”
32. Why did the author attend the improvisation class?
A. To get a different experience.
B. To finish her Ph.D. at university.
C. To give up her job as a science communicator.
D. To improve her speaking and communicating ability.
33. What was the author’s change after attending the improvisation class?
A. She formed her own idea quickly.
B. She came up with lots of creative responses.
C. She paid more attention to the logic of answers.
D. She became a good listener before giving an opinion.
34. The author mentions applying the “yes, and” approach to her scientific experiments to ________.
A. explain the process of using the method
B. prove the benefits of the improvisation class
C. share her own research experiences with readers
D. attract fellow scientists to attend the improvisation class
35. What can be inferred about scientists from the last paragraph?
A. They should attend the improvisation class.
B. They should question all preconceived ideas.
C. They should carry on research by admitting earlier data.
D. They should try to improve their academic knowledge.
【答案】32. D 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了作者通过上即兴交流课，学会了“yes, and”方法，让自己更善于倾听，并给自己的科学研究带来了好处。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“As a quiet and shy girl, I feared improvising in front of strangers. However, I knew I wanted to work as a science communicator after finishing my Ph.D., so it seemed like a perfect chance to learn how to speak and communicate with others effectively. I signed up, knowing the experience would give me help.”（作为一个安静害羞的女孩，我害怕在陌生人面前即兴交流。然而，我知道我想在完成博士学位后成为一名科学交流者，因此，这似乎是一个学习如何有效地与他人交谈和沟通的绝佳机会。我报名了，因为我知道这段经历会给我帮助）可知，因为作者打算的完成博士学位后成为一名科学交流者，需要提高与他人交谈和沟通的能力，但她一个安静害羞的女孩，她参加即兴交流课是想要提高自己的交谈和沟通的能力，由此可知，作者参加即兴交流课是为了提高她的交谈和沟通能力。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“The first few scenes were hard, but as weeks turned into months, I became more comfortable and even started to enjoy our classes. I became better at listening, relating to my conversation partners, and communicating clearly in the moment.”（最初的几个场景很难，但随着上了几个月课后，我变得更舒服了，甚至开始享受我们的课程。我变得更善于倾听，更善于与我的谈话伙伴交流，也更善于在这一刻清晰地沟通）可知，在上了几周课后，作者变得更善于倾听，更善于与谈话伙伴交流，也更善于清晰地沟通，由此可知，作者参加即兴交流课后的变化是：在发表意见之前，她成了一个很好的倾听者。故选D项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段关键句“Before attending the class, I would get stuck when my experiments produced unexpected data, thinking that I had made a mistake. But now, instead of getting discouraged, I will stay open to the possibility that the results are real, keep exploring the data and end up identifying a new type of cell—one that isn’t behaving as expected.”（在上课之前，当我的实验产生意想不到的数据时，我会被卡住，觉得自己犯了一个错误。但是现在，我不会灰心，而是会对结果是真实的可能性保持开放态度，继续探索数据，最终发现一种新类型的细胞——一种不符合预期的细胞）和最后一段关键句“I think all scientists can benefit from this lesson.”（我认为所有的科学家都能从这个课中受益）可知，运用了“yes, and”方法，让作者在进行科学实验的过程中受益，她会对意想不到的结果持开放态度，继续研究，最终有了意想不到的科学发现，她认为所有的科学家都能从这个课中受益，由此可知，作者提到在她的科学实验中运用“yes, and”的方法是为了证明即兴交流课的好处。故选B项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“If the data say rhinos are librarians, then it’s worth finding out whether rhinos are, in fact, librarians. As scientists, our job isn’t to challenge data that support, a preconceived story, but to say “yes, and.””（如果数据显示犀牛是图书管理员，那么就有必要了解犀牛是否是图书管理员。作为科学家，我们的工作不是去挑战支持一个事先形成的描述的数据，而是说“yes, and”）可知，作者认为面对之前的科学数据，我们的工作并不是去挑战它，而是要接受它，并继续研究，探索真伪，由此可知，从最后一段可以推断出科学家应该通过接受早期数据进行研究。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Four ways to Make Someone Else Smile
In our world, if you can make even one person smile a day, you can help make this world a better place. ____36____ .
Send a handwritten letter.
In this day and age, everything is sent via e-mail or Facebook, so it’s a shock to receive a letter. Writing a few words to a friend can be an easy way to have a positive effect. ____37____.
Volunteer.
Volunteering is one of the nicest things you can do. Whether you volunteer at your local youth group or take dogs from shelters for a walk, the simple fact that you help someone else is very excellent. There are so many opportunities, so you can find one that is right for you. ____38____ It could be once a week or a couple of times a year.
____39____
Whether you’re creative or not, taking time to make something for a special person shows how much you appreciate him or her. Even if you think you’re not creative, the receiver will feel lucky to get such a unique gift.
Tell someone “I love you”.
Actually, you don’t even have to say “I love you”. You can tell a friend that you appreciate him. ____40____ Sometimes, in our busy lives we forget to take a moment to tell people what they mean to us.
A. Do it as much as you can.
B. Here is a list of ideas to help you.
C. Make something for a special person.
D. It is very clear that how magic the words are.
E. Also, you can remind your mom that you love her.
F. It doesn’t necessarily have to take up all your time.
G. Even a postcard with a couple of sentences could really work.
【答案】36. B 37. G 38. F 39. C 40. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了让别人微笑的四种方法。
【36题详解】
根据本文标题“Four ways to Make Someone Else Smile(让别人微笑的四种方法)”可知，本文主要介绍了让别人微笑的四种方法，再分析设空，位于第一段的段尾，有引出下文的作用，所以B项“Here is a list of ideas to help you.(这里有一些建议可以帮助你)”符合文意，引出下文。故选B项。
【37题详解】
根据本段小标题“Send a handwritten letter.(寄一封手写的信)”可知本段主要介绍给他人手写一封信，会让他们微笑，再根据前文“Writing a few words to a friend can be an easy way to have a positive effect.(给朋友写几句话是产生积极影响的简单方法)”可知，空处内容与动手写信有关，故G项“Even a postcard with a couple of sentences could really work.(即使是一张只有几句话的明信片也可能真的有用)”符合文意。故选G项。
【38题详解】
根据本段小标题“Volunteer(志愿者)”可知，本段主要介绍了去做志愿者，也会使人微笑，再根据后文“It could be once a week or a couple of times a year.(可能是一周一次或一年几次)”可知，是在讲做志愿者的时间，所以空处应该是过渡到时间上来，故F项“It doesn’t necessarily have to take up all your time.(这并不一定要占据你所有的时间)”符合文意。故选F项。
【39题详解】
分析设空可知，空处属于本段小标题，所以根据空处下的段落“Whether you’re creative or not, taking time to make something for a special person shows how much you appreciate him or her.Even if you think you’re not creative, the receiver will feel lucky to get such a unique gift.(不管你是否富有创造力，花时间为一个特别的人做点什么都能显示出你对他/她的感激之情。即使你认为自己没有创意，但收到这样一份独一无二的礼物的人也会感到幸运)”可知，本段主要介绍了花时间为一个特别的人做点什么，所以C项“Make something for a special person.(为一个特别的人做点东西)”符合文意，其中make something for a special person为原词复现。故选C项。
【40题详解】
根据本段小标题“Tell someone “I love you”.(告诉别人“我爱你”)”可知，本段主要介绍了告诉某人“我爱你”会使他人微笑，再根据前文“You can tell a friend that you appreciate him.(你可以告诉朋友你很感激他)”可推知，本段是告知某人，不单单是朋友，还有其他人，所以E项“Also, you can remind your mom that you love her.(此外，你可以提醒你的妈妈，你爱她)”符合文意，其中love为同词复现。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was a young father, autumn would spread her colorful carpet across the hills and mountains of my home. I would often load my kids into the car and go on a tour, admiring the ____41____ of this world.
I remember I once drove a long way down a back road I was ____42____ with. At one point I came to a crossroads. One road was paved and looked in good ____43____. The other road didn’t look quite so good. ____44____ my better instincts(直觉), I decided to take a chance and didn’t go down the good one. It didn’t take long before I came to the ____45____ that I had made a big mistake. The road was full of potholes(坑洼) and rocks that dragged ____46____ my car. I almost got ____47____ in the mud once and the road seemed to ____48____ as I went along. Finally, I stopped the car and looked around, and I decided to drive a mile and a half backward until I ____49____ the crossroads again.
_____50_____, that wasn’t the only time in my time when I took the wrong way at the crossroads. I have done so more times than I can _____51_____. Thankfully, each time I realized my mistake, I would _____52_____ to be on the right road again.
Crossroads call for choice, and there is no _____53_____ in changing your choice if you see you are on the wrong road. Choose wisely and correct your mistakes when _____54_____. Then all of your _____55_____ will lead you to joy and pattern of your life will become as beautiful as a forest in the fall.
41. A. origin B. kindness C. wisdom D. beauty
42. A. uncomfortable B. unpleasant C. unfamiliar D. unhappy
43. A. condition B. sense C. season D. taste
44. A. Remembering B. Ignoring C. Pressing D. Addressing
45. A. development B. appointment C. introduction D. realization
46. A. in B. under C. in front of D. from
47. A. hit B. ruined C. stuck D. protected
48. A. shorten B. widen C. strengthen D. worsen
49. A. missed B. felt C. reached D. left
50. A. Fortunately B. Doubtfully C. Roughly D. Sadly
51. A. offer B. impress C. help D. count
52. A. manage B. plan C. want D. expect
53. A. point B. shame C. contentment D. relaxation
54. A. necessary B. practical C. imaginable D. anxious
55. A. difficulties B. changes C. rewards D. facts
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. D 49. C 50. D 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章通过描述作者在十字路口选择错了路的经历告诉读者：当我们到达十字路口的时候，我们需要做选择，如果发现自己走错了路，那么改变自己的选择并不可耻。所有的改变都会带来快乐，我们的生活模式会在秋天变得像森林一样美丽。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我经常把孩子们装上车去旅游，欣赏这个世界的美。A. origin起源；B. kindness友好；C. wisdom智慧；D. beauty美丽。根据上文“When I was a young father, autumn would spread her colorful carpet across the hills and mountains of my home.”可知，作者是要带着孩子们去大自然欣赏美丽的秋天的风景。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我记得我曾经在一条我不熟悉的小路上开了很长一段路。A. uncomfortable不舒服；B. unpleasant不高兴；C. unfamiliar不熟悉；D. unhappy不高兴。根据下文“____4____ my better instincts(直觉), I decided to take a chance and didn’t go down the good one.”可知，作者不熟悉这条路。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一条路铺好了，看上去路况很好。A. condition状况；B. sense感觉；C. season季节；D. taste味道。根据上文“One road was paved”可知，这是条已经铺好的路，所以路况很好。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：无视我更好的直觉，我决定碰碰运气，并且没有走那条路况好的路。A. Remembering记得；B. Ignoring忽略；C. Pressing压；D. Addressing写地址。根据下文“I decided to take a chance and didn’t go down the good one.”可知，作者并没有按照他对路况的直觉去选择走那一条好点的路。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，我就意识到我犯了一个大错。A. development发展；B. appointment约定；C. introduction介绍；D. realization意识。根据下文“that I had made a big mistake.”可知，这是作者没过多久就意识到的情况。故选D。
46题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：路上到处是坑洼和岩石，拖在我的车下。A. in在…内部；B. under在…下面；C. in front of在…前面；D. from从。根据上文“potholes(坑洼) and rocks”可知，这些坑洼和岩石应该是拖在作者的车下面。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次我差点陷在泥里，我一路走下去，路似乎变得更糟了。A. hit撞击；B. ruined毁灭；C. stuck陷住；D. protected保护。根据下文“in the mud”可知，作者是几乎要陷在泥里了。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第7题详解。A. shorten缩短；B. widen加宽；C. strengthen增强；D. worsen使更糟糕。根据下文“Finally, I stopped the car and looked around, and I decided to drive a mile and a half backward until I ____9____ the crossroads again.”可知，接下来，路况变得更糟糕了。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我停下车，环顾四周，我决定向后开一英里半，直到再次到达十字路口。A. missed错过；B. felt感觉；C. reached到达；D. left离开。根据下文“the crossroads again”可知，作者应该是打算开一英里半，直到再次到达十字路口。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人伤心的是，这不是我一生中唯一一次在十字路口走错路。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Doubtfully怀疑地；C. Roughly粗糙地；D. Sadly伤心地。根据下文“that wasn’t the only time in my time when I took the wrong way at the crossroads.”可知，这是令作者很伤心的事情。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我做了无数次这样的事情了，多的我都数不过来了。A. offer提供；B. impress留下印象；C. help帮助；D. count数数。根据上文“I have done so more times than I can”可知，这种曾经做了无数次这样的事情了，多的他都数不过来了。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，每次我意识到自己的错误时，我都会设法再次走上正确的道路。A. manage尽力；B. plan计划；C. want想要；D. expect期待。根据下文“to be on the right road again”可知，当作者意识到自己错的时候，都会设法再次成功走上正确的道路。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：十字路口需要选择，如果你发现自己走错了路，那么改变自己的选择并不可耻。A. point点；B. shame羞愧；C. contentment满足；D. relaxation放松。根据这句话上下文意思可知，当你发现自己在十字路口做出错误的决定而走错路时，那么，改变自己的选择并不是可耻的事情。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：明智地做出选择，并且，当必要的时候，纠正你的错误。A. necessary必要的；B. practical实际的；C. imaginable可想象的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据上文“changing your choice if you see you are on the wrong road”可知，这是指在必要的时候要纠正错误。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，你所有的改变都会带给你快乐，你的生活模式会在秋天变得像森林一样美丽。A. difficulties困难；B. changes改变；C. rewards回报；D. facts事实。根据下文“will lead you to joy and pattern of your life will become as beautiful as a forest in the fall”可知，是做出的所有的改变会带给你快乐，你的生活模式会在秋天变得像森林一样美丽。故选B。
第II卷(共55分)
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has once again showed its ability to change the world with its “four great new ____56____ (invent)” — high-speed rail, electronic payment, shared bicycles, and online shopping.
China’s new-generation high-speed train, the Fuxing Hao, ____57____ can travel at a speed of 350km/h, is now one of the ____58____ (fast) trains in the world. Besides high-speed rail, China ____59____ (improve) people’s lives in many other innovative (创新的) ways over the last ten years.
Bike sharing, for example, is not new itself. But China has made ____60____ much more convenient and popular both in China and overseas. The leading Chinese biking-sharing companies Mobike and Ofo are now operating in foreign countries such as Singapore and Britain.
And back in China, ____61____ (ride) a shared bike, you can stop to buy and eat whatever you want ____62____ (simple) with a tap on your phone. You could easily pay with your smart phone by ____63____ (scan) the seller’s QR code. Cashless payment has grown into ____64____ choice for Chinese people — even a pancake seller is using Alipay.
Besides, the four innovative ways of life are most appealing to youths from 20 countries taking part _____65_____ the Belt and Road Initiative, and they wish their countries would emulate (效仿) China in terms of technological achievements.
【答案】56. inventions
57. which 58. fastest
59. has improved
60. it 61. riding
62. simply 63. scanning
64. a 65. in
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文，讲述了中国 “四大新发明” 改善了人们的生活，也在改变着世界。
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国以“四大新发明”——高铁、电子支付、共享自行车和网上购物——再次展示了它改变世界的能力。空前有形容词new，应修饰名词；invent是动词，名词为 invention；根据数词four可知应为名词复数形式。故填inventions。
【57题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中国新一代高铁——“复兴号”动车组列车，时速可达350公里，是目前世界上最快列车之一。分析句子结构，“____ can travel at a speed of 350 km/h”是非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词the Fuxing Hao，指物，在从句中做主语，用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【58题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国新一代高铁——“复兴号”动车组列车，时速可达350公里，是目前世界上最快的列车之一。根据句意，应为“最快的列车之一”，用fast的最高级形式作定语，故填fastest。
【59题详解】
考查时态。句意：除了高铁，在过去十年里，中国还以许多其他创新的方式改善了人们的生活。时间状语over the last ten years常与现在完成时连用，表示对现在的影响和结果，意为“已经改善了”；主语是China，谓语动词用单数，故填has improved。
【60题详解】
考查代词。句意：例如，共享自行车服务本身并不是什么新鲜事。但中国已经使它在国内和海外更方便、更受欢迎。所填词指代上一句的bike sharing，用代词it作宾语，故填it。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：回到中国，骑上一辆共享单车，你可以停下来买任何你想吃的东西，只要轻轻敲一下你的手机。分析句子结构可知ride与逻辑主语you构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填riding。
【62题详解】
考查副词。句意：回到中国，骑上一辆共享单车，你可以停下来买任何你想吃的东西，只要轻轻敲一下你的手机。修饰介词短语with a tap on your phone应该用副词作状语。故填simply。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：通过扫描卖家的二维码，你就可以轻松地使用智能手机支付。介词by意为“凭借/通过……途径/方式”，后接动名词作宾语。故填scanning。
【64题详解】
考查冠词。句意：无现金支付已经成为中国人的一种选择。根据句意，此处为不定冠词a 表示数量，意为“一个，一种”；choice的发音是以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a。故填a。
【65题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：这四种创新的生活方式对参与“一带一路”建设的20个国家的青年人最具吸引力。短语take part in表示“参加”，故填in。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假如你是高一(1)班的学生李华，你们班要举办一个以亲子关系(parent-child relationship)为主题的班会，请给外教Mike写一封信，邀请他来参加并通知以下事宜：
1. 举办时间：下周一下午4:00—5∶30
2. 举办目的;
3. 希望Mike能提出一些建议
注意：写作词数应为80词左右
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mike，
How is everything going with you? I am writing to invite you to attend our class meeting on the topic of parent-child relationship and inform you of something that you need to know.
According to the plan, the class meeting will begin at 4 pm next Monday and end at 5∶30 pm. With the aim of easing the tensions between parents and their children, thus enhancing their relationship, we hope that you can give us some suggestions. I’m sure we will learn a lot from your speech.
We are looking forward to seeing you next Monday afternoon.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生邀请外教Mike参加一个以亲子关系为主题的班会，通知他活动的相关事宜并请求他提出建议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
带有……目的：with the aim of → in order to
建议：suggestion → advice
因此：thus → therefore
希望：hope → wish
2.句式拓展
宾语从句变主语从句
原句：I’m sure we will learn a lot from your speech.
拓展句：It is believed that we will learn a lot from your speech.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing to invite you to attend our class meeting on the topic of parent-child relationship and inform you of something that you need to know.（运用了that引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】With the aim of easing the tensions between parents and their children, thus enhancing their relationship, we hope that you can give us some suggestions.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The science teacher, Mr. Moose, decided that the school would have a paper airplane contest. Each student would design a paper airplane. And then they would take turns throwing their airplanes. The student whose airplane flew the farthest would win.
When Mr. Moose announced the paper airplane contest, all the students were very excited. Paul, who was on the wrestling team, said to other students: “I am the strongest. And I will be able to throw my airplane the farthest.”
However, another student, Brian, was thinking how he could win. He did not play any sports and was not very strong. But he loved airplanes and really wanted to win the contest.
Brian knew what he had to do. He went to the store and bought a big stack of paper. When he got home, he took the paper into the backyard. He took a piece of paper and folded an airplane. It didn't go very far, so Brian took another sheet and folded another airplane and threw it. This airplane went a little farther. Brian kept folding different kinds of airplanes and throwing them. Some went very far and some did not. Finally, when Brian had used all the paper, he walked up to the airplane that had flown the farthest and picked it up.
注意：
1.续写的词数应为120左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
On the contest day, all the students lined up on the playground.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The whole school cheered as Brian went up to get his prize!
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
第一段：
Finally, it was Brian's turn. Brian took the airplane that he had folded the day before. He walked up to the line and,with all his strength, he threw the plane. It went flying, farther and farther, until finally it landed 10 feet past Paul's plane! The whole school cheered. Brian won the contest. Mr Moose gave him a prize:a toy airplane.
第二段：
Brian won because he tried out many solutions to the problem of how to make an airplane fly very far. He did this by testing out many different designs and comparing the results. When he found the design that worked best and the paper airplane that flew the farthest, he was happy to use it.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了科学老师穆斯先生决定学校将举办一场纸飞机比赛。每个学生都会设计一架纸飞机。然后他们会轮流扔飞机。飞机飞得最远的学生将获胜。学生布莱恩热爱飞机，真的想赢得比赛并通过自己不断琢磨并改善飞机，使飞机越飞越远。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“比赛当天，所有的学生都在操场上排队。”可知，第一段可描写布莱恩展示自己的飞机并试飞获得第一名。
②由第二段首句内容“当布莱恩上前领取奖品时，全校都欢呼起来！”可知，第二段可对布莱恩飞获胜原因进行分析。
2.续写线索：尽全力参赛——取得第一——获得奖励—— 全校欢呼——分析获胜原因
3.词汇激活
行为类
用尽全力：with all one’s strength /try one’s best/with all one’s might
掷出：throw/toss
.对比：compare/ contrast/ make a comparison
情绪类
①.欢呼：cheer/ hail/scared
②.高兴：happy / glad/delighted
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Brian took the airplane that he had folded the day before. (运用了that引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2]. It went flying, farther and farther, until finally it landed 10 feet past Paul's plane! (运用了until引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型3]. Brian won because he tried out many solutions to the problem of how to make an airplane fly very far. (运用了because引导的原因状语从句)
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