中考英语(人教新目标)名词 复习课件
展开知识目标:1.可数名词和不可数名词的用法; 2.名词所有格的构成及用法;3.近义名词的辨析。教学重点:可数名词和不可数名词的用法; 名词所有格的构成及用法。教学难点:词义辨析。
考点一:可数名词及其单复数1. 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。可数名词 复数形式分规则变化和不规则变化。不规则 变化的名词有tth→teeth, muse→mice, ft→feet, sheep→sheep,child-children等。2. 可数名词可以被基数词(如ne)、不定冠词(a, an)或sme, many, several, few, a few, a lt f, lts f, enugh, plenty f, a number f等 修饰。3. 对可数名词的量提问时,要用hw many。
规则名词的复数形式:1.直接+s bk-bks2.以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词+es bus-buses, bx-bxes, wish-wishes, watch-watches3.以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i加-es;以元音字母加y结尾的名词或专有名词以y结尾的,加-s.stry-stries, family-families, city-citiesty-tys, day-days, key-keys, Henry-Henrys4.以f或fe结尾的名词,变f,fe为v加-es.knife-knives, wlf-wlves, leaf-leaves,life-lives 5.以结尾的名词,有生命力的加-es;无生命力的名词加-s. her-heres, ptat-ptates, tmat-tmates; pht-phts, pian-pians, z-zs, radi-radis.
不规则变化:常见的有:man-men, wman-wmen, ft-feet, tth-teeth, child-children, muse-mice...单复数同形:Chinese Japanese sheep deer (中日友好永不变) a Chinese—tw Chinese; a Japanese— fur Japanese(英法联盟a变e) an Englishman—eight Englishmen; a Frenchman—nine Frenchmen(其他后面加s) a German—five Germans an American—sme Americans
4. 名词修饰名词时,若前面的名词是man和 wman,变复数时,两个名词同时变复数(如 a man dctr→tw men dctrs);如果是其 他词,变复数时,只需把后面的名词变为复 数形式(如a girl friend→ tw girl friends)。考点二:不可数名词1. 常见的修饰不可数名词的词语有sme, much, little, a little, a lt f, lts f, enugh, plenty f等2. 表示不可数名词的量时,通常要使用相应的量词,如piece, pair, set, cup, bwl等,复数形式常体现在量词上。
3. 对不可数名词的量提问时,要用hw much。
名词单复数的特殊用法:1.某些名词的复数形式表示特别含义,如wrks著作gds货物,商品,times时代,drinks饮料,papers试卷manners礼仪等。2.表时间、金钱、距离、价格等名词复数做主语,谓语动词用单数。如 Thirty dllars is +姓氏名词+s表示“一家人”。如:The Greens are Americans.4.当两个职业名词用and连接且只有第一个名词前有冠词修饰,表示这个人有双重身份(兼职)。如 The writer and teacher is frm France. A singer and actr ften helps the pr kids.
【中考链接】( ) 1. —What a gd ______ yu’ve given me! Thanks a lt. —My pleasure. A. infrmatin B. news C. suggestin D. advice ( ) 2. —Hw many ______ are there? —Abut fifty. tmats B. tmates C. tmat( ) 3. )Tim gt fur________ frm his relatives n Children’s Day.A. ty B. tys C. ties
( ) 4. —______ peple are there in yur family? —Three.A. Hw ften B. Hw lng C. Hw many D. Hw much ( ) 5. There are fifty ______ in ur schl. They are all friendly t us.A. wman teachers B. wmen teacher C. wman teacher D. wmen teachers( ) 6. I saw sme ______ and ______ dancing in the street the day befre yesterday.A. Germans; Englishmen C. Germen; Englishmen B. Germans; Englishmans
( ) 7. David visited lts f ______ in the wrld.A. places f interesting B. places f interest C. place f interests D. place f interesting( )8.His family __ all kind and friendly. His family ___ a happy ne. A. are, is B. is, is C. are, are D. is, are( )9. -What wuld yu like t eat? -Sme ________,please.breadB. cake C. tea( )10. A singer and an actr ___ been t that twn.A. has B. have C. is D. are
( ) 11. Mr. Li is always patient t give me ______ n hw t wrk ut the prblems.A. an advice B. many advices C. sme advice ( ) 12. Yesterday fr dinner I had a piece f beef, vegetables and ______.A. sme rice B. a few rice C. a little rices D. a rice( ) 13. Wu Dajing, a ________ Chinese skater, set a new wrld recrd at the Shrt Track Wrld Cup last year.A. 25yearsld B. 25 year ldC. 25yearld
( ) 14. -Let’s make a banana milk shake. What d we need? -We need sme ______ and tw ______.A. bananas; cup f milk B. bananas; cups f milkC. bananas; milks ( ) 15. I’m s hungry. Please give me ______ t eat.A. three bread B. three pieces f breadC. three pieces f breads
( ) 16. —What kind f ndles wuld yu like? —I’d like sme _______ ndles.A. carrts B. beefC. ptates D. vegetables ( ) 17. Each cuple in China can have tw _______ frm January 1st, 2016.A. by B. girl C. children D. child ( ) 18. There’s little _______ left at hme. G and buy sme, dear.A. carrts B. ptates C. rice
( ) 19. Our schl has fifty-six ____ teachers.A. man B. men C. man’s ( ) 20. Yibin is ne f the mst beautiful _______ in Sichuan.city B. cities C. citys ( ) 21. The brken _______ may cut int yur hand if yu tuch it. Yu shuld be careful.glass B. glasses C. candle D. candles( )22.This pair f glasses ___ mine.A. are B. be C. is D. will be
( ) 23. —_______ Disney amusement parks are there in China? —Tw. A. Hw many B. Hw ften C. Hw sn D. Hw lng( ) 24. Tw days ___ enugh fr me t finish the jb, I need a third day. A. isn’t B. is C. aren’t D. are( ) 25. It’s sprts time. Mst ________ students in Class 1 are playing ftball n the playgrund. A. by B. bys C. by’s
( ) 26. I have _______ friends, s I feel sad.A. few B. a few C. little( ) 27. There is _______ juice in the fridge. Let’s g and buy sme.few B. a few C. little D. a little( )28. The singer and dancer ___ cme t Beijing.A. has B. have C. are D. is ( )29. I’d like _____ fr my twin sns.tw pair shes B. tw pairs f shesC. tw pairs f she D. tw pairs shes
考点三:名词词义辨析解题关键:通过分析具体的语境来辨析名词的词义。【中考链接】( ) 1. —I want t g t different places, but I dn’t knw the ______. —A map is helpful, I think.price B. time C. way D. ticket( )2.-It’s useless t regret what has been dne. Dn’t make thse mistakes again. -I wn’t. That’s a(n) ________.A. prmise B. decisin C. rder
( ) 3. -What are yu ging t d when yu grw up? -My ______ is t becme an astrnaut.A. hbby B. dream C. jb D. advice ( ) 4. Jhn didn’t find much ______ abut the accident. A. news B. answer C. article ( )5. The ________ f this activity is t raise mney fr a new hspital.silence B. purpse C. language ( )6. I like this sng. It’s written by ne f my favrite _____. A. singers B. dancers C. painters
( ) 7. -It’s said that a cllege student had a ______ t Tibet with 500 yuan fr a mnth. -Hw surprising! Once yu have an idea t g smewhere, d it!A. match B. travel C. change ( ) 8. -I hear Mary has gt a gd jb in a wrld’s tp cmpany. -Yes. Her gd ______ experience helped her a lt. She nce studied in ne f the best clleges in China.A. travel B. educatin C. life
( ) 9. On September 3 there will be sme _____ in China t celebrate the 70-year victry f the Anti-Japanese War. A. actins B. prjects C. traditins D. activities ( ) 10. —Hw can I get sme _____ abut the 2016 Olympic Games? —Why nt search the Internet? A. infrmatin B. experience C. practice D. success
( ) 11. Annie has a _____, and she is ging t see her dentist tday.A. cld B. fever C. cugh D. tthache( ) 12. -Any special _____ in this shpping mall nw? -Sure, we have the latest e-prducts n sale.ffer B. price C. brand D. service( )13. The mbile phne sells fr ¥5,000, and it is much mre than its real ________. A. cst B. value C. price
( )14. Yu can see the ________ in ur faces when we talk abut the great achievements in the past 70 years. A. dubt B. pride C. regret( )15. Cathy has such a gd________ that she wn many prizes in singing cmpetitins last year. A. sleep B. idea C. vice( )16. -Dad, what is the ludspeaker saying?-It is t the ________. The flight t Wuhan is barding nw.custmers B. passengers C. turists
17.Tu Yuyu received the Nbel Prize fr her ________f anemisinin(青蒿素). And she was the first Chinese wh wn the prize in science. A.design B.thught C. inventin D. discvery 18.It's useful fr the deaf peple t learn signlanguage. Yes, it's a majr way f _____ fr them. A. suggestin B. vacatin C. Prductin D. cmmunicatin 19.Life is like riding a bicycle. T keep yur ____, yu must keep mving. A.prmise B.psitin C.balance D.ability
考点四:名词所有格(’s所有格和f所有格)1. 单数名词和不以-s结尾的复数名词的所有格通 常在词尾加’s;以-s结尾的复数名词的所有格 在词尾加’。Tm’s cat the twins’ rm2. 用and连接两个并列名词,如果表示两者共同 拥有,只在最后一个名词后加’s即可;如果表 示两者各自拥有,则每个名词后都加’s。3. 表示时间、国家等无生命的事物的名词,可 在词尾加’s或’来构成所有格 如tday’s paper, China’s capital 八天的假期an 8-day hliday 或 eight days’ hliday 五分钟的步行路程a five-minute walk 或 five minutes' walk
4. “f +’s所有格”这种形式被称为名词的双重所 有格,常用来表示整体中的一部分,如:a friend f my brther’s, a bk f mine.5.表示无生命名词的所有格,用f 表达 the map f China, the dr f the huse6.注意:’s的省略情况 Uncle Tm’s 汤姆叔叔的家at the dctr’s 在诊所 the chemist’s 药店
【中考链接】( ) 1. -Is the schlbag under the desk yurs? -N, it’s my ______. He left it there just nw.brther B. brther’s C. brthers’ ( ) 2. Tday is September 10th. It’s ________ Day. Let’s say “Thank yu” t ur teachers.A. Teacher’s B. Teachers C. Teachers’
( ) 3. -Excuse me, is the museum far frm here? -N, it’s abut ______.A. 5 minutes walk B. 5 minute walk C. 5 minutes’ walk D. 5 minute’s walk ( ) 4. The nline shp sells ______ clthing at a very gd price.A. child and man’s B. children and men’sC. children’s and men D. children’s and men’s
( ) 5. Lk at the man ver there. He is ______ uncle.A. Jim’s and Tim’s B. Jim’s and TimC. Jim and Tim D. Jim and Tim’s ( ) 6. -Hw far is yur hme frm schl? -It’s abut tw ______ walk.hurs B. hurs’ C. hur’s D. Hur ( ) 7.- Whse jackets are these?-They are____. They said they lst them yesterday.A. Li Lei’s and Li TaB. Li Lei and Li Ta’sC. Li Lei’s and Li Ta’s
( ) 8. -_____ fathers didn’t cme t the meeting. Why? -Because they have gne t Beijing.A. Jeff’s and Amy’s B. Jeff and AmyC. Jeff’s and Amy D. Jeff and Amy’s( ) 9. This is _____ rm. It’s very bright.A. Tm’s and Tim’s B. Tm’s and TimC. Tm and Tim’s( ) 10. -_____ is cming. What can I get fr my mther? -What abut a scarf?A. Wmen’s Day B. Wman’s DayC. Wmens’ Day
( ) 11. Times magazine says that smart Leg has becme ne f _____ favrite tys.child B. children C. children’s( )12.On April 24, Xie Wenjun raced t gld in the _______ 110-meter hurdles at the Asian Athletics Champinships in Qatar A. man B. men C. men’s D. mens13.D yu knw the name __ the by by the dr.f B. t C. with D. in14.This is a ____.Please help me put it n the deskA. bk f me B. bk f mine C. bk f my
1.They successfully saved tw (child) lives. 2.Yu shuld knw the (different) between the tw bks. 3.Every year, (百万)f peple dnate mney t the Hpe Prject.4.Hw excellent yur (prnunce) is! Yu must have a gd are several (library) in the city. 6.There are six (Frenchman) talking ludly in the rm. 7. (teacher) Day is n September 10th. 8.We hpe that mre (China)will win hnr fr ur actin must be taken t stp _________ (pllute).
children’s
differences
prnunciatin
libraries
1. -Where is yur seat?-It’s between seats, in Rw 6. A. Jack and Jhn B. Jack’s and Jhn C. Jack’s and Jhn’s D. Jack and Jhn’s2. He was brn in Shanxi, but Shandng has becme his secnd . A. hmeB. family C. huse D. place3. Mum, I’m quite thirsty. Please give me . A. tw range B. tw bttle f ranges C. tw bttles f range D. tw bttles f ranges4. All the teachers and students are having a meeting there. A. wmen; girls B. wmen; girl C. wman; girls D. wman; girl
5.-Did yu hear any strange when the earthquake happened? -N, I was in my garden enjying the beautiful ____ f my birds at that time. A.vice; nise B. nise;sund C. vice; sund D. sund; vice6. Prfessr Wang gave us a very useful n hw t prepare fr the exam. A. adviceB. infrmatin C. experience D. suggestin7. We saw sme (muse) in the dirty ld huse. A. mice B. muse C. muses
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