高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues精品一课一练

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues精品一课一练
Section Ⅳ　 Listening and Talking &Reading for Writing阅读Reading 2中的材料，选出最佳选项1．What's the response of the milkman to the large stone on the road？He ．A．picked it upB．went away leaving the stone unmovedC．moved it out of the roadD．crashed into the stone2．How did the king teach an important lesson to his people?A．By giving them some gold coins.B．By telling them an interesting story.C．By testing his people's response to his idea.D．By helping his people clean the road.3．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A．The woman cried because she did not find the gold coins.B．The king wanted to hide his gold coins under the stone.C．Some women made an attempt to move the stone，but failed.D．The girl managed to move the stone to the side of the street.[答案]　1－3　BCDWords And Phrases知识要点1　assist vt.帮助；协助；援助(教材P18)Despite the difficult situation，Dr Bethune did whatever he could to assist the Chinese people.不顾局势艰难，白求恩博士竭尽所能地来帮助中国人。[例1]　You'll find your colleagues very eager to assist you.你将发现你的同事们会热情地帮助你。[例2]　We will have handy robots and computers to assist us with the things that are boring.我们将会有便捷的机器人和电脑来帮助我们处理那些枯燥无味的事情。[知识拓展](1)assist sb.to do sth. 帮助某人做某事assist sb.with sth. 帮助某人某事assist sb.in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事(2)assistance n. 帮助；协助come to one's assistance 援助某人(3)assistant n. 助手；助理；售货员[提示]　assist只是表示辅助性的帮助；aid多指经济上或其他方面急需的援助；help用法则比较广泛，常用于日常谈话中，表示任何形式的帮助。[即学即练](1)单句语法填空①The guide managed to assist the tourists to find(find) somewhere to live during the Russia World Cup.②With the assistance(assist) of his teacher, he gradually adjusted to the school life.③We're looking for volunteers who would be willing to assist us with the group's work.④Mary was chosen as an assistant(assist) to help Mr. Brown finish his research.(2)一句多译在我的日常生活中，我认为帮助母亲做家务是我的责任。①In my daily life，I think it is my duty to assist my mother with the housework.②In my daily life，I think it is my duty to assist my mother to do the housework.③In my daily life，I think it is my duty to assist my mother in doing the housework.知识要点2　harm n．& vt.伤害；损害(教材P20)Is there no one in this village who feels any responsibility to keep their neighbours from harm?难道这个村子里就没有主动承担保护邻居避免受伤害的责任吗？[例1]　Modern farming methods have done considerable harm to the countryside.现代的耕作方式已经对乡村造成了很大的损害。[例2]　Staying up too late harms our health.熬夜太晚伤害我们的身体。[知识拓展](1)do sb./sth.harm(＝do harm to sb./sth.)　　　　　　 对……造成伤害there is no harm in doing sth. 做某事无害处(2)harmful adj. 有害的be harmful to 对……有害harmless adj. 无害的[即学即练](1)单句语法填空①As we all know，smoking is harmful(harm) to health.②Staring at the screen of the computer will do harm to your eyes.③There is no harm in giving gifts to children，but they should not be rewards.(2)一句多译众所周知，吃太多垃圾食品对你的健康有害。①What is known to us is that eating too much junk food is harmful to your health．(harmful)②It is known to us that eating too much junk food does harm to your health．(harm n．)知识要点3　a great deal(of)大量；许多(教材P20)After a great deal of effort，she finally succeeded in moving it to the side of the street.经过一番努力之后，她终于成功地把石头搬到大路边上了。[例1]　Joan passed her exam，which surprised me a great deal.琼通过了考试，这让我很惊讶。[例2]　The police gained a great deal of useful information about the organization.警方收集到了大量关于该组织的有用信息。[造句]　19世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从一个以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会In the late 19th century，Europe changed a great deal，from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one.[知识拓展](1)eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(a great/large number of,a great/good many,quite a few))eq \a\vs4\al(＋可数名词复数＋复数,谓语)(2)the number of＋可数名词复数＋单数谓语(3)eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(a great deal of,a great/large amount of))＋不可数名词(4)eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(a lot of/lots of,amounts of,a great/large quantity of/quantities of,masses of,plenty of))＋eq \a\vs4\al(可数名词,复数或不,可数名词)[提示]　(1)a great deal“大量；许多”，是一个名词短语。a great deal of后接不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。(2)a great/good deal也可以作副词短语，可用于修饰形容词、副词比较级，还可以修饰动词作状语。[即学即练]　单句语法填空①The changes this time may be limited，but they are a great deal better(good) than no movement at all.②In the past five years a great deal of money has been spent(spend) improving the environment of the school.Sentence Patterns重点句式　neither...nor既不……也不……(教材P20)Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out of the road.她和她的朋友们都没有想过把石头从大路上挪开。句式分析：neither...or...“既不……也不……”，连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。[例1]　To be honest，I have neither time nor money for the ball.诚实地说，我既没有时间也没有金钱参加舞会。[例2]　Last night neither my wife nor my parents were able to persuade my daughter to change her mind.昨天晚上我妻子和我父母都没能说服我女儿改变主意。[造句]　人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.[知识拓展]遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词：either...or...　　　 不是……就是……not only...but also... 不仅……而且……not...but... 不是……而是……[例3]　As is known to all，not only the nurses but also the doctor is very kind to the patients.众所周知，护士和医生都对病人非常和蔼。[例4]　Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。[即学即练]　单句语法填空①Not you but the scientist is(be) to attend the ceremony to be held in our school.②Neither the father nor the children were(be) interested in the film.应用文之人物介绍——抓主题析人物特征，比对定答案不同的几个人物，依靠某一个特定的主题放置在一起，考查考生读文的各种技巧，这是高考语篇中人物介绍类应用文的命题特点。此类文章的破解关键在于：首先要抓住把几位人物链接在一起的纽带，即文章主题；其次要抓住每个人物自身的特点；然后迅速浏览题干，依据题干中的关键词到文中寻找与之相关的“信息区间”，比对即可得出答案。[高考典例]2016·全国卷Ⅰ·A篇[抓文章主题，析不同人物特征][读文解题技法]1.读首段，明主题通读第一段，可知本文主题应是介绍几位优秀女性。2．关注不同人物特征从下面4位人物介绍中知晓发生在她们身上的事及她们取得的成就。3．题文比对得出答案抓住题干中的关键词，然后到文中寻找相应人物的特征，比对即可得出答案。[由不同人物特征，定位比对归纳出答案]21．What is eq \x(Jane Addams) noted for in history?A．Her social work.B．Her teaching skills.C．Her efforts to win a prize.D．Her community background.22．What was the reason for eq \x(O'Connor's) being rejected by the law firm?A．Her lack of proper training in law.B．Her little work experience in court.C．The discrimination against women.D．The poor financial conditions.23．Who made a great contribution to eq \x(the civil­rights movement) in the U．S.?A．Jane Addams.B．Rachel Carson.C．Sandra Day O'Connor.D．Rosa Parks.24．What can we infer about eq \x(the women mentioned) in the text?A．They are highly educated.B．They are truly creative.C．They are pioneers.D．They are peace­lovers.[答案]　21.A　22.C　23.D　24.C21.题中人物eq \o(―――――→,\s\up10(定位比对))文中人物1的“职业”及“成就”，得出答案22．题中人物eq \o(―――――→,\s\up10(定位比对))文中人物3的“事件”，得出答案23．题中事件eq \o(―――――→,\s\up10(定位比对))文中人物4的“成就”，得出答案24．总结特征eq \o(―――――――→,\s\up10(抓文章主题))得出4位人物的共性首段点明主题。You probably know who Marie Curie was，but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below，who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?人物1职业成就Jane Addams(1860­1935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize．人物2成就Rachel Carson (1907­1964)If it weren't for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.人物3事件成就Sandra Day O'Connor (1930­present)When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman．She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and，in 1981, the first woman to join the U．S.Supreme Court.O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.人物4事件成就Rosa Parks (1913­2005)On December 1，1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger．Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil­rights movement.“The only tired I was，was tired of giving in，” said Parks.