人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement优秀精练

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement优秀精练
Unit 1 People of achievement B卷提升卷英 语选择题部分第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.答案是C。 1. What caused the noise? A. The door. B. The thunder. C. The wind.2. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Make some coffee.B. Buy something to eat. C. Find their seats on the train.3. What time is it now? A. 12:00. B. 8:00. C. 10:00.4. What is the woman mainly talking about? A. Cindy’s hobby.B. Cindy’s personality.C. Cindy’s appearance.5. How does the woman probably feel now? A. Dizzy. B. Tired. C. Well.第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段对话，回答第6、7题。6. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a stadium. B. At a gift shop. C. At a university.7. What does the woman offer to buy for the man? A. Tickets. B. A souvenir. C. Food and drink.听第7段对话，回答第8、9题。8. What does the boy’s teacher want him to improve? A. His writing. B. His listening. C. His speaking.9. What does the girl probably give to the boy? A. A textbook. B. A novel. C. A newspaper.听第8段对话，回答第10至12题。10. How many kinds of items does the man have in his basket? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.11. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Brother and sister.B. Husband and wife.C. Grandmother and grandson.12. What does the woman like to do when she has a headache? A. Eat some bacon.B. Drink some alcohol.C. Have a bar of chocolate.听第9段对话，回答第13至16题。13. What does the woman say about dogs in general? A. They are messy.B. They are annoying.C. They are hard to take care of.14. Why doesn’t the woman agree to have Lion? A. It is unhealthy. B. It is too large. C. It is very noisy.15. Where will the speakers probably get the dog? A. From a pet store.B. From a rescue shelter.C. From a friend’s house.16. What does the woman ask the boy to show her first in the end? A. That he can clean up after the dog.B. That he can take the dog for walks.C. That he can be responsible for the chores around house听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What did the speaker enjoy as a young child? A. Running. B. Climbing. C. Swimming.18. What was the speaker doing when he injured himself? A. The long jump. B. A handstand. C. A forward roll.19. For how many weeks did the speaker have to give up exercising? A. Four. B. Eight. C. Twelve.20. What was the change for the speaker after the incident? A. He developed a new hobby.B. He began to read love stories.C. He enjoyed physical challenges even more.【答案】1 ~ 5 CBCBC 6 ~10 ACACB 11~15 ABCBB 16~20 CACCA【解析】听力原文Text 1M: Did you fall out of bed last night? I woke up because of a big noise. I thought it was thunder, but the sky was clear.W: No, it was the wind. We had left the door open and the wind blew it shut.Text 2 M: The train will leave in 25 minutes. Do you want to find a seat now, or should we get coffee while we’re waiting?W: It doesn’t seem too crowded, and I’m kind of hungry. Let’s get some breakfast to go, and we can eat on the train.Text 3 W: Can we pick up groceries later? I have a dentist appointment at noon.M: We’ve been up since 8:00. I’m hungry. The dentist’s is around the corner, and we still have two hours to get there.Text 4 M: So, tell me about your new friend Cindy. What’s she like?W: She’s really neat. She’s younger than me, but she’s great to be around because she makes me laugh all the time. She’s always telling jokes.M: She must be pretty easy-going.Text 5 W: When I got out of bed this morning, I nearly fell over. I was really dizzy. It must have been tiredness.M: I sometimes feel like that when I wake up. Anyway, I’m glad to see you’re back to normal.Text 6 W: It looks like this game is completely sold out. How many people do you think are here right now?M: There are 20,000 seats in here. Have you ever been to a professional basketball game before?W: Only the ones at my university. Thanks again for buying the tickets. How much do I owe you?M: It’s my treat. You can buy the next tickets. Why don’t we go to the gift shop, and you can get yourself a souvenir?W: Sure. But at least let me get you a beer and a hot dog before we go back to our seats.M: I can’t say no to that.Text 7M: I got my book report back from my teacher, and she said I need to work on how I summarize things on paper.W: What were you trying to summarize?M: It’s a book we were reading in class. We had to give a brief summary of the plot.W: When I used to read textbooks, I always tried to summarize what I had learned by speaking it out loud. Then I just wrote it down on the paper.M: Really?W: If I couldn’t do it, I knew I had to go back and read it again. Once I could do it naturally and smoothly, I wrote it down.M: That makes sense.W: Here, take this. Read today’s news, and then try and explain it to me.M: What if I can’t?W: Then keep trying until you can.Text 8 W: Those are healthy things you have in your basket — fresh cabbage, fresh tomatoes…oh, and fresh bacon. That’s the only thing that might not be good for you.M: Hey, sis, we’re not children any more. You don’t need to look after me like you did in my childhood. Even wives don’t worry so much over their husbands.W: Well, if we want to reach the age of our grandparents’, we need to stay healthy. When I queue at the checkout behind some people, I am amazed at the unhealthy things they have in their baskets. No wonder they are overweight, unfit and always feeling ill.M: I think you have to keep a balance. I try to buy mostly healthy things, but I don’t get stressed if I sometimes feel like something less healthy, like the bacon. If I don’t feel cheerful, sometimes I have a bar of chocolate.W: I agree. Sometimes if I have a headache, I have a few cans of beer, even though that’s not particularly good for me.Text 9M: Mom, can we get a dog?W: Dogs need a lot of attention, Jeffrey. Do you think you can handle that kind of responsibility? It’s harder than you think.M: Of course I can. I’ll take it for walks every day, and clean up after it.W: Do you know what kind of dog you want?M: Yes, I’ve been looking at some pictures on the Internet. This one with the long golden hair is named Lion.W: He’s very cute, but we don’t have enough room for a dog that big. Those dogs need space to run around, and we live in an apartment. I think we should get a small one.M: OK, then what about this one? My friend has one like this, and everyone likes it.W: Those kinds of dogs always have health problems. Plus, they bark a lot. We don’t want to annoy our neighbors.M: So what do you suggest?W: First, we aren’t getting one from a pet store. They are too expensive. I know a place that saves dogs and gives them away for free.M: OK.W: And second, you need to show me you have the sense of responsibility. That means cleaning your room, doing your homework, and helping around the house.M: I promise!Text 10 M: As a young child, I always enjoyed physical challenges more than mental ones. I liked to run and build swings. At that stage I hadn’t yet learned to climb or swim, but that is something I would also have loved to do. One day we had a physical education class at school. We did the long jump and handstands, but it was when I had to do a forward roll that disaster struck. Somehow, I twisted my neck in an extremely painful way. I screamed loudly and the teachers were very concerned. An ambulance was called and I was taken to hospital. The doctors fitted me with a collar and I was told to do no exercise and stay away from school for eight weeks. At first, I was very bored. Having to keep still all day was no fun. So I started to read. I looked at books on the shelf at home. I wasn’t interested in love stories — I avoided those — but crime and adventure did appeal. From those eight weeks I developed a lifelong love of reading. When my collar was removed, the doctors told me not to exercise for another four weeks. Instead of being disappointed, I was happy to devote more time to my new love — reading. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 AI work as the reception manager at my hotel.A booking came in a few weeks ago with a note attached that a guest would be travelling with her deaf father. This note helped us in preparing for their arrival. As they would be here for a number of days, his daughter wanted to make his trip to Ireland as smooth as possible.Upon seeing this note and knowing I would be the one to check them in, I decided to learn some very basic sign language. I greeted the guest in my usual fashion, asking for the surname on the booking. Once I heard the name，I immediately realized who was standing in front of me.I had been learning for two weeks how to say: “Welcome to Ireland. My sign language is terrible, but please, if you need anything during your stay, just let me know and we will help you.”I smiled at the father and daughter in front of me. Turning to the father, I greeted him in ASL (American Sign Language) and began the bit I had learned for him. His daughter broke down crying and told me I was sweet. But the father just smiled and was so happy. Honestly, seeing his reaction was enough for me. It was absolutely worth the last few weeks of learning basic ASL.Sadly, I wasn’t working the day they checked out, but they left a gift for me, a small box with some chocolates and a book on ASL. Inside was a note saying: “Thank you very much for what you did. My father has been in amazing spirits from the time you checked us in and insisted we get you a gift before we left. You have no idea how much this meant to my father and me, and we can’t thank you enough. You've made his trip very special with one simple gesture.”I cried for a solid five minutes when I came into work the next day and found this gift in my locker.【语篇解读】本文为记叙文，讲述了我经营的旅馆即将迎来一位失聪的爸爸，为了使旅行顺利，女儿提前告知了我们。我们很贴心得学习了手语，获得了女孩及其父亲的好评的故事。21. The daughter left a note when booking the hotel in order to __________.A. ask for special service for herselfB. give some useful advice to the hotelC. express gratitude to the hotel managerD. make her father’s trip more comfortable【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句As they would be here for a number of days, his daughter wanted to make his trip to Ireland as smooth as possible.（由于他们要在这里呆几天，他的女儿想让他的爱尔兰之行尽可能顺利。）可知，女儿在预订旅馆时留下了一张便条，以便让父亲的旅行更舒适。故选D。22. Seeing the father’s reaction during check-in, the author probably felt __________.A. thankful B. satisfied C. disappointed D. regretful【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段Honestly, seeing his reaction was enough for me. It was absolutely worth the last few weeks of learning basic ASL.（老实说，看到他的反应就足够了。最后几周的ASL基础学习绝对值得。）可知，看到这位爸爸很开心，作者感到了他的付出是很值得的；因此看到父亲在入住时的反应，作者可能感到很满足。故选B。23. From this passage, we can know that __________.A. the author made the daughter’s check-out smoothB. the author was deeply moved by an unexpected giftC. the daughter cried for five minutes before they leftD. the daughter asked the author to learn sign language【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段I cried for a solid five minutes when I came into work the next day and found this gift in my locker.（第二天上班时，我在储物柜里发现了这件礼物，哭了整整五分钟。）可知，作者受到这份特殊的礼物后很感动；故选B。BIn 1992, Teen Talk Barbie was released with the controversial voice fragment, “Math class is hard.” While the toy's release met with strong public reaction, this underlying assumption persists, spreading the myth that women do not thrive in science, technology, engineering and mathematic (STEM) fields due to biological inadequacies in math aptitude. However, in 2019 Jessica Cantlon at Carnegie Mellon University led a research team that comprehensively examined the brain development of young boys and girls and found no gender difference in brain function or math ability.Cantlon and her team conducted the first neuroimaging study to evaluate biological gender differences in math aptitude of young children. Her team used functional MRI（核磁共振）to measure the brain activity in 104 young children (3-to-10-year-old; 55 girls) while watching an educational video covering early math topics, like counting and addition. The researchers compared scans from the boys and girls to evaluate brain similarity. In addition, the team examined brain maturity by comparing the children's scans to those taken from a group of adults (63 adults; 25 women) who watched the same math videos.After numerous statistical comparisons, Cantlon and her team found no difference in the brain development of girls and boys. In addition, the researchers found no difference in how boys and girls processed math skills and were equally engaged while watching the educational videos. Finally, boys' and girls' brain maturity were statistically equivalent when compared to either men or women in the adult group.Cantlon said she thinks society and culture are likely steering girls and young women away from math and STEM fields, as previous studies show that families spend more time with young boys in play that involves spatial cognition（空间认知）. “Typical socialization can make worse small differences between boys and girls that can snowball into how we treat them in science and math,” Cantlon said. “We need to be aware of these origins to ensure we aren't the ones causing the gender inequities.”However, this project is focused on early childhood development using a limited set of math tasks. Cantlon wants to continue this work using a broader scope of math skills, such as spatial processing and memory, and follow the children over many years.【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了在1992年，《青少年谈话》芭比娃娃发布了"数学课很难"这一有争议的声音片段，传播了“女性由于生物学缺陷，无法在STEM领域茁壮成长”的没有事实根据的理论。2019年，卡内基梅隆大学的杰西卡·坎特隆带领一个研究小组，经过研究和比对，发现了不管是成年人还是儿童，不同性别在学习数学技能方面没有差别。24. What can we infer about the toy’s release?A. It has raised a storm of applause.B. Girls perform no worse than boys in math.C. Math is a subject difficult to every one of us.D. Women are born with insufficient math abilities.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。第一段中的 “…spreading the myth that women do not thrive in science, technology, engineering and mathematic (STEM) fields due to biological inadequacies in math aptitude. （……传播了“女性由于生物学缺陷，无法在STEM领域茁壮成长”的没有事实根据的理论。）”与D选项“女人天生数学能力不足。”相呼应，故选D选。25. What will Cantlon most likely agree with?A. Parents should lengthen the time spent with girls.B. Society is causing a greater gender difference in math abilities.C. Culture plays a leading role in children’s brain development.D. We should cultivate boys’ and girls’ math abilities equally.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段坎特隆所说的话“Typical socialization can make worse small differences between boys and girls that can snowball into how we treat them in science and math,（典型的社会化会让男孩和女孩之间的小差异变得更严重，这些小差异会像滚雪球一样影响我们对待他们的科学和数学，）”和“We need to be aware of these origins to ensure we aren't the ones causing the gender inequities. 我们需要意识到这些根源，以确保我们不是那个导致性别不平等的人。”可知，坎特隆认为，人们不应该有意识地区别对待男孩和女孩在科学和数学领域的发展。与D项“我们应该平等地培养男孩和女孩的数学能力。”意思相符。故选D项。26. How will Cantlon further her research?A. By using a wider range of math skills.B. By involving a broader scope of subjects.C. By increasing the complexity of math tasks.D. By following the children until their adulthood.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。题目的意思是“坎特伦将如何推进她的研究？”根据文章最后一段中的“Cantlon wants to continue this work using a broader scope of math skills, such as spatial processing and memory, and follow the children over many years.（坎特隆希望通过使用更广泛的数学技能继续这项工作，如空间处理和记忆，并将跟踪儿童多年。）”与A选项的“By using a wider range of math skills.（通过使用更广泛的数学技能。）”意思相符，B选项的“subjects”表述不准确。故选A项。CSome of the most powerful companies in the world have co-founders. For example, Google(Sergey Brin and Larry Page),Apple(Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs),and Microsoft(Bill Gates and Paul Allen)and so on. Having partners can help to deal with the pressure and the failures that come with running a business. No matter how down on your luck you feel they may provide emotional support. They may have extra skills, and be on hand to help out with the day-to-day problems. And an alternate point of view may help to broaden your mind and aid the risk of mistakes being overlooked.Everybody knows Samsung’s Galaxy Note 7.When the phone was launched in 2016,customers praised it for its storage, design and usability, and it may well have been a hit if it weren’t for the fact that it occasionally caught fire and exploded. It was soon banned immediately from flights, and Samsung had no choice but to recall the entire model. The shortcoming reportedly cost the company $1 billion, and a further $17 billion in lost sales. But remember, based on the lesson, the Galaxy Note 8 and the Galaxy Note 9 are well received in the world! Now we know that failing is part of business success.One thing that all great companies have in common is that they have failed many times—and luckily, they bounced back. Take Sarah Blakely, founder of shapewear brand Spanx for example. She credits her business success specifically to her failures. “I’d get kicked out of buildings all day long, “she remembered. “People would tear up my business card in my face. But my friends and I knew I could sell and I knew I wanted to sell something I had created. I learned that ‘no’ doesn’t always mean ‘no’ ,and that you may get 30 nos before you get the one yes. People told me no with Spanx for two years. “Spanx is worth just over $1 billion—it was a company that Blakely who took a degree in a law school started with just $5 000!【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要通过列举大公司的事例来说明商业上的一些经验。27. What can we learn from the examples in Paragraph 1?A. Two heads are better than one.B. Constant dropping wears the stone.C. God helps those who help themselves.D. All things are difficult before they are easy.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Having partners can help to deal with the pressure and the failures that come with running a business. No matter how down on your luck you feel they may provide emotional support. They may have extra skills, and be on hand to help out with the day-to-day problems. And an alternate point of view may help to broaden your mind and aid the risk of mistakes being overlooked.”（有合作伙伴可以帮助处理经营企业带来的压力和失败。不管你的运气有多差，他们可能会给你情感上的支持。他们可能有额外的技能，可以随时帮助解决日常问题。而另一种观点可能有助于开阔你的思路，帮助你避免犯被忽视的错误。）可知第一段举出了世界上一些最强大的公司都有联合创始人，强调是因为这些合作伙伴能够互相帮助，用自身优势来解决问题，所以从第一段的例子中能学到“三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮”。故选A。28. Why does the author mention Samsung’s Galaxy Note 7,8 and 9?A. To suggest customers should follow the new trends.B. To prove Samsung is responsible for customers.C. To show Samsung paid for its product failure.D. To explain that failures don’t spell the end.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中But remember, based on the lesson, the Galaxy Note 8 and the Galaxy Note 9 are well received in the world! Now we know that failing is part of business success.（但请记住，基于这一教训，Galaxy Note 8和Galaxy Note 9在世界上很受欢迎!现在我们知道失败是商业成功的一部分。）可知作者提到三星的Galaxy Note 7、8和9是为了解释失败并不意味着终结。故选D。29. What mainly contributed to Sarah Blakely’s success?A. Her friends’help. B. Her will power.C. Her good luck. D. Her education background.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I’d get kicked out of buildings all day long, “she remembered. “People would tear up my business card in my face. But my friends and I knew I could sell and I knew I wanted to sell something I had created. I learned that ‘no’ doesn’t always mean ‘no’, and that you may get 30 nos before you get the one yes.（“我整天都会被赶出大楼，”她回忆道。“人们会当着我的面撕毁我的名片。但是我的朋友和我知道我可以卖掉，我知道我想卖我创造的东西。我明白了“不”并不总是意味着“不”，而且你可能会在得到一个“是”之前得到30个“不”。）可知Sarah Blakely虽然被拒绝了很多次，但是凭借顽强的意志力不断尝试，最终获得成功。故她成功的原因是因为她顽强的意志力。故选B。30. How does the author develop the passage?A. By making contrast. B. By making classification.C. By giving examples. D. By giving numbers.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据文章的第二段以三星的盖乐世Note 7手机为例，说明了失败是商业成功的一部分；第三段以Sarah Blakely为例，说明了伟大的公司都是经历过许多次失败的。可知作者主要通过举例来展开这篇文章的。故选C第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。“The calm before the storm” is a very familiar expression. It is usually used to describe a peaceful period just before a very stressful situation or a tense argument. 31. They noted that before certain storms the seas would seem to become calm and the winds would drop.But why is it often so calm before a storm? 32. According to US website HowStuffWorks, a calm period occurs because many storms, tornadoes and hurricanes draw in all the warm and damp air from the surrounding area. As this air rises into the storm clouds, it cools and acts as “ fuel for the storm ,like petrol in a car. “Once the storm has taken all the energy it can from the air, it is pushed out from the top of the storm clouds and falls back down to ground level. 33. So once it covers an area, it causes a calm period before the storm.34. First count how many seconds there are between a flash of lightning and a clap of thunder, roughly three seconds equal one kilometer. A good judgement is that if your count is below 30 seconds, you should seek shelter straight away.However, due to the complexity of storm system ,calm doesn't always go first. So, your best bet is to keep yourself updated with weather reports for any predictions regarding a coming storm in your area. 35. A. Science has given us the answer.B. There is no definite answer to the question.C. Weather reports sometimes cannot be trusted.D. British sailors coined the phrase in the late l600s.E. As the air declines, it becomes warm and dry, which is stable.F. The Weather Network has a tip for working out how far away a storm is.G. That's the most reliable way to predict the next display of nature's temper.31. D 根据下文They noted that before certain storms the seas would seem to become calm and the winds would drop. 可知，他们注意到，在某些暴风雨来临之前，海面似乎会变得平静，风也会减弱。根据代词They可推理上文为指人提出这一说法。故选D“英国水手在16世纪晚期创造了这个短语”切题。故选D。32. A 根据上文But why is it often so calm before a storm? 可知，但是为什么暴风雨来临前总是那么平静呢?下文应就此做出回答。故A项“科学已经给了我们答案” 切题。故选A。33. E 根据下文So once it covers an area, it causes a calm period before the storm. 可知，所以一旦它覆盖了一个区域，它就会在风暴前形成一段平静期。下文为覆盖，反之可推理上文应为空气下降，故E选项“当空气下降，它变得温暖和干燥，这是稳定的”。切题。故选E。34. F 根据后文First count how many seconds there are between a flash of lightning and a clap of thunder, roughly three seconds equal one kilometer. A good judgement is that if your count is below 30 seconds, you should seek shelter straight away. 可知，首先数一下闪电和雷声之间有多少秒，大约三秒等于一公里。一个最佳判断是如果你的计数低于30秒，你应该立即寻求庇护。可知是在介绍一个预测暴风雨距离的方法。故F选项“气象网络有一个计算风暴距离的小窍门”切题。故选F。35. G 根据上文So, your best bet is to keep yourself updated with weather reports for any predictions regarding a coming storm in your area. 可知，你最好的办法就是随时更新天气预报，预测你所在地区即将来临的暴风雨。下文应继续就此展开说明。故G选项“这是预测下一个自然脾气表现的最可靠的方法” 切题。故选G。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。I was confused while I was eating lunch in a restaurant the other day. I was sitting there looking at what I’d ___36___ and wondered if anyone else could see the ___37___ in my mind. I’m about to __38___ a lot of fat and wash it down with a diet soda.What can I say? I’m trying to lose some weight.___39___, I do things like that all the time, which is probably why the pounds are ___40___ so slowly. I spent half an hour on the treadmill (跑步机) and I ___41___ myself with potato chips. I ___42___ that I will no longer eat them again, so I just eat a lot at this time. I make it all the way through the entire day doing everything absolutely right, and then at bedtime “just one chip won’t __43___ it” turns into “where did that entire bag of potato chips go?”Of course, I ___44___ do well with my weight loss program. Once I put together two full weeks of eating properly and exercising ___45___. I was starting to feel a(an)___46___. I could bend over to tie my shoes more easily. But just as it was about to become a ___47___, I entered a period of long, late nights filled with ___48___ deadlines. I sat in front of my computer, eating snacks and drinking sodas to help me stay ___49___. Within a few days, the habit of a sensible eating and exercising was a ___50___.Unfortunate but ___51___, I was too tired to get on the treadmill.___52___, I had work to do, for which I needed all the energy I could ___53___. So I started skipping exercise. sessions. And ___54___ I started doing so, it became easier to skip them.There are always reasons not to do the things that we really should do. Every reason is just another ___55___.【语篇解读】作者通过描述自己由于各种原因放弃锻炼而最终减肥失败的亲身经历告诫大家任何理由都会成为你成功路上的绊脚石。36. A. cooked B. ordered C. designed D. introduced【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。cook烹饪；order点菜，命令；design设计；introduce介绍。由上文中“I was eating lunch in a restaurant”可知，该句指作者看着自己“点的食物”。37. A. battle B. competition C. performance D. practice【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。battle斗争，战斗；competition竞争；performance表演，表现；practice练习。下一句提到作者摄入大量脂肪，又喝苏打水减肥，故可知作者非常矛盾，内心做着激烈的“斗争”。38. A. burn B. contain C. lose D. consume【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。burn燃烧；contain包含；lose失去；consume消耗。作者在餐馆吃饭，将要消耗大量的脂肪。39. A. surprisingly B. Happily C. Unfortunately D. Hopefully【答案】C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。surprisingly令人惊讶地；happily高兴地；unfortunately不幸地；hopefully有希望地。上一句提到作者想要减肥，但是作者还不断的大量摄入脂肪，所有作者很不幸。40. A. coming off B. passing away C. taking off D. turning away【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。come off能被去掉（或除去）；pass away去世；take off起飞；turn away 拒绝……进入，弃用（方法等）。作者不断地摄入大量脂肪，这是导致作者体重下降慢的原因。41. A. equip B. connect C. present D. reward【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。equip装备，使具有；connect连接；present颁发，授予，呈现；reward奖励，奖赏。作者在跑步机上锻炼半个小时后，用薯片来奖励自己。42. A. agree B. pretend C. imagine D. decide【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。agree同意；pretend假装；imagine想象；decide决定。由后面的“so I just eat a lot at this time”可知，作者决定再也不吃薯片了，所以他只在锻炼完之后吃很多薯片。43. A. hurt B. count C. change D. solve【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。hurt危害，损害，妨碍，伤害；count数数；change改变；solve解决。作者认为只吃一篇薯片不会妨碍自己减肥，这是作者为自己吃薯片找的借口。44. A. always B. sometimes C. seldom D. never【答案】B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。always一直，总是；sometimes有时候；seldom很少；never从不。由下一句“once”可知，作者有时候减肥计划实施的很好。45. A. hardly B. instantly C. regularly D. slightly【答案】C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。hardly几乎不；instantly立即；regularly有规律地，定期地；slightly稍微地。由下文“I could bend over to tie my shoes more easily”可知，作者的减肥计划几乎曾经实施得很好。由此可知，作者曾经有两周坚持合理饮食并经常锻炼。46. A. urge B. attraction C. difference D. pain【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。Urge强烈的欲望，冲动，迫切的要求； attraction吸引力；difference不同，差别；pain痛苦，疼痛。由下文“I could bend over to tie my shoes more easily”可知，作者的减肥计划起了作用，作者弯腰系鞋带容易多了。47. A. plan B. habit C. game D. hobby【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。plan计划；habit习惯；game游戏；hobby爱好。由该段最后一句“the habit of a sensible eating and exercising”可知，合理饮食和经常锻炼即将成为一个习惯。48. A. original B. common C. inspiring D. tight【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。original最初的；common常见的，普通的；inspiring鼓舞人心的；tight紧的。由该句中“I centered a period of long, late nights”可知，作者熬夜工作，由此可以推知，作者的工作期限时间很紧。49. A. awake B. calm C. healthy D. strong【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。Awake醒着的；calm冷静的；healthy健康的；strong强壮的。作者通过吃零食，和苏打水来保持清醒的状态。50. A. goal B. memory C. reality D. trend【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。Goal目标；memory记忆；reality现实，事实；trend趋势，潮流。熬夜使得作者没有再坚持合理的饮食和锻炼，所以，合理的饮食和锻炼成为了一个“记忆”。51. A. unbelievable B. changeable C. understandable D. enjoyable【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。unbelievable令人难以置信的；changeable易变的；understanding可理解的；enjoyable愉快的。作业台疲倦了以至于不能坚持锻炼，这虽然不幸但是可以理解。52. A. Therefore B. However C. Besides D. Otherwise【答案】C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。therefore因此；however但是；besides此外；otherwise否则。上一句提到住着太累以至于不能坚持锻炼；该句提到作者有大量工作要做，这都是作者放弃的原因，他们之间是并列关系。53. A. lack B. save C. show D. throw【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。Lack缺乏；save储存，挽救，节省；show展示；throw扔。大量的工作需要消耗作者所能储存的所有能量。54. A. once B. before C. unless D. though【答案】A【解析】考查副词词义辨析。Once一旦，曾经；before以前；unless除非，如果不；though但是。一旦剪短锻炼，以后就很容易经常间断。55. A. choice B. fault C. cause D. excuse【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。Choice选择；fault缺点，过失；cause起因；excuse借口。作者认为我们总是能够找到理由不去做应该做的事。每一个理由都是为自己开脱的借口。第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。William Campbell, Satoshi Omura and Tu Youyou jointly won the 2015 Nobel Prize for medicine___56___their work against parasitic diseases (寄生虫病). 85-year-old Tu was awarded this prize for her contribution to___57___ (reduce) the death rate of malaria (疟疾), minimizing patients’ suffering and promoting mankind’s health. This is ___58___ science is all about. As a matter of fact, Tu has won some attention when she ___59___ (get) the Lasker Award in 2011. But there is no way to compare her popularity back to the attention she is receiving today. As the first Chinese mainland Nobel Prize Winner of natural science award, Tu’s winning ___60___ (complete) surprised Chinese people, ___61___have long been wondering when the first Chinese Nobel Laureate in natural science would appear.Tu Youyou is the first Chinese scientist to win a Nobel Prize for work ___62___ (carry) out within China. She has spent 40 years’ time on scientific research. Although the Nobel Prize did not come to her until four decades later, it is definitely one of ___63___most privilege rewards that recognizes Tu’s devotion and perseverance in discovering artemisinin (青蒿素). Her record-breaking winning ___64___(be) a reminder that science is never about instant success. There is no way to measure how much you spend on scientific research and compare ___65___with how much reward you get.for 根据上下文意思，这里需要一个表示原因的介词，因为……获得了诺贝尔奖 reducing 前文中的“to”为介词what 考查名词性从句，“is”后面为表语从句，all about后面缺少宾语，在表从中缺少宾语got “when”在这里引导了时间状语从句，后面应该是完整句子，却谓语，过去式completely surprised为谓语动词，故需要副词来修饰who 考查非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词为“people”carried原句中已经有谓语，故这里考查非谓语动词，work与carry out为被动关系the考查定冠词的用法，从后面most修饰的形容词来推测，这里应该是形容词最高级is 考查时态，从that引导的从句来推测，此处应为一般现在时，winning为抽象名词，故单数it 考查代词用法，指代上文提及的“how much you spend on scientific research”第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）请你用英文写一篇短文向校英文报投稿，介绍中国科学家屠呦呦，内容主要包括.1. 屠呦呦，女，1930年生于浙江；2. 因在青蒿素治疗疟疾方面的突出贡献于2015年获得诺贝尔生理学 3. 她是第一位获得诺贝尔科学奖项的中国籍科学家。注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇:青蒿素artemisinin 症疾malaria One possible version:       Chinese woman scientist Tu Youyou, who won a share of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 2015.was bom in 1930 in Zhejiang Province. She won the prize for her amazing contribution to the development of artemisinin,a highly effective treatment for malaria.       Tu Youyou,whose drug has saved millions of lives across the globe,is the first Chinese scientist to win a Nobel Prize in the science. Her winning the prize will help traditional Chinese medicine become better accepted in other countries.        Her success proves that Rome is not built in a day,and we should stick to our dreams until they can be realised.第二节 读后续写（满分25分 ） 阅读下面短文， 根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。When I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay Art Museum, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum.“Do you have the address?” Sally asked while we were on the way.“No, but I will recognize it. There was a picture in the magazine” I answered confidently.“Oh. There it is.” I pulled my car slowly over a house which seemed like a house with heavy smell of life rather than a former residence(故居). Surprisingly, nobody was at the gate and admission was free. We opened the door and entered, excited. A group of people sitting around a table stopped chatting and started at us. A sweet girl in her teens locked her eyes on us and welcomed us with a sweet smile, “Hello, but who are you looking for?” A man stood up and said almost at the same time “May I help you?” “No,” I said. “We’re fine.” Tour guides got on my nervous. What if they talked a long time about a painting you were not that interested in? Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall seemed very confused, keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem? Some nice sculptures were well placed along the staircases(楼梯) and some paintings from Van Gogh or Picasso were hanging on walls and I appreciated them and highly praised the most beautiful house. Suddenly a picture of a man surrounded by a warm family caught my eyes and I also spotted the sweet girl among them. “This is the most beautiful house I have visited.” said I, turning sharply, almost scaring the girl standing behind me. “The most beautiful house ? The most beautiful house!”She murmured.“Am I at the McNay Art Museum?” asked I .注意： 1. 所续写的短文的词数应为150 左右；2. 应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4. 续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1: She smiled, shaking her head. Paragraph 2：Years later, after a public speech, a woman approached and thanked me, asking whether I once entered a house , thinking it was the McNay Art Museum. 参考范文：She smiled, shaking her head. “Sorry, the McNay Art Museum is on another street.” “What’s this place?” I asked, still confused. “It’s my home” she said with a sweet smile and her answer shocked me. Recovering from the shock, I raced to the staircases and called Sally to come down immediately. She stepped down, looking confused and praising those arts with envy. I pushed her towards the front door, waving at the family and asking them to forgive us for breaking into their beautiful house. Outside, when I told Sally what had happened, she covered her mouth, laughing. She couldn’t believe they let us look around without saying anything.Years later, after a public speech, a woman approached and thanked me,asking whether I once entered a house , thinking it was the McNay Art Museum . “Yes. But how do you know? We never told anyone.”I asked in surprise“That was my home. I was the girl saying hello to you in the hall.”I locked my eyes on her and could figure out the familiar sweet smile. She told me she never felt lucky before we came over and she never realized what a beautiful house she once lived in. Her feeling about her home changed after that and she had always wanted to thank me.