高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration课后复习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration课后复习题，文件包含新教材精创44ReadingforWriting练习1解析版docx、新教材精创44ReadingforWriting练习1原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共15页， 欢迎下载使用。
1．We shuld ________ (回收利用) the used things.
【答案】：recycle
2．Shut the windw, ________ (否则) it'll get t cld in here.
【答案】：therwise
3．The ________ (当前的) situatin is very different t that in 2010.
【答案】：current
4．Saturn is the secnd biggest planet in the ________ (太阳的) system.
【答案】：slar
5．This is ________ (足够的) t shw that his argument is false.
【答案】：sufficient
6.The htel has special ________ (facility) fr welcming disabled peple.
【答案】：facilities
7．It must be the first duty f us t perfrm physical and ______ (mentally) wrk.
【答案】：mental
8．She slved the prblem in an____________ (intelligence) way.
【答案】：intelligent
9．If yu d，yu'll have the frce f the ____________ (universal) behind yu.
【答案】：universe
10．He has been____________ (determine) t learn English well.
【答案】：determined
【解析】本题考查单词在语境中的适当形式。
II.单句写作
1．他虽然经验不足，但还是获得了这份工作。
Despite his ____________ （经验不足）, he gt the jb.
【答案】：lack f experience
2．Smething are ______________（无法控制）， but yu can learn much frm them.
【答案】：beynd cntrl
3．We're ging t try and ______________ （计算出）hw the price shuld change.
【答案】：figure ut
4．你可以很容易在死海中漂浮起来，因为它含盐量高。
Yu can _______________ （很容易漂浮起来）in the Dead Sea because it is s salty.
【答案】：flat very easily;
5．She's still ____________ （渴望）keep in tuch with yu.
【答案】：keen t
6．When travelling，we ______________________（跳过一条小溪流）
【答案】：leaped ver the stream.
7．______________________（让他很失望的是），he failed again in the driving test.
【答案】：T his great disappintment
8．As a teacher，I want my students t ______________________（独立的学习者）
【答案】：be independent learners.
9．I have t find ______________________ （一种传输的方法）the bjects.
【答案】：a way t transmit
10．_________________________________ （一致公认为）that the earth ges arund the sun.
【答案】：It is universally acknwledged
【解析】本题考查短语在语境中的运用能力。
III.教材原句填空。
1.Cuntries arund the glbe are spending billins f dllars and lts f time n varius space missins, ____________________________(无论是去火星还是更远的其他星球)much further away.
世界各国都在各种各样的太空任务上花费了数十亿美元和大量时间，无论是去火星还是更远的其他星球。
2. Sme peple argue that we shuld _______________(停止浪费)time and mney explring space.
一些人认为我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱探索太空。
3. Hwever, thers feel this is__________________ (一个肤浅的观点) which fails t realize hw explring space helps us.
然而，其他人认为这是一个肤浅的观点，没有意识到探索空间如何帮助我们。
4. Firstly, explring space has already _____________________(在与….斗争中发挥了作用)the fight against wrld hunger.
首先，探索太空已经在与世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了作用。
5. As a result, space-based science has helped farming_________________________ (努力种)enugh fd t feed Earth’s increasing ppulatin.
结果，太空科学帮助农业努力种植足够的粮食来养活地球上不断增长的人口。
6. Secndly, space explratin has already _______________________________(已经促进了有利于)that benefit us all.
第二，空间探索已经促进了有利于我们所有人的技术改进。
7. Tday, space technlgies are widely used_____________________(各行各业), and everyday prducts such as GPS, memry fam pillws, and smart phne cameras are changing ur lives.
今天，空间技术广泛应用于各行各业，GPS、记忆泡沫枕头、智能手机摄像头等日常用品正在改变我们的生活。
8. Finally/Lastly, ____________________________________(送宇航员上太空)_has helped peple t think abut the wrld’s prblems and even t find ways t slve them.
最后，送宇航员上太空帮助人们思考世界上的问题，甚至找到解决问题的方法。
9.____________________________( 为了供养) such a rapidly increasing ppulatin, scientists are trying t find ther planets that culd ne day be ur new hme.
为了供养如此迅速增长的人口，科学家们正在努力寻找有一天可能成为我们新家的其他行星。
10._______________________( 总之), explring space prvides the wrld with many different benefits.
总之，探索太空为世界提供了许多不同的好处。
【答案】
1. whether t Mars r ther planets
2. stp wasting
3. a shallw view
4. made a difference in
5. in its effrts t grw
6. prmted technlgical imprvements
7. in all kinds f industries
8. sending astrnauts int space
9. In rder t prvide fr
10. In clsing
【解析】本题考查短语在语境中的适当形式。
IV.阅读理解。
A
It was nce cmmn t regard Britain as a sciety with class distinctin. Each class had unique characteristics.
In recent years, many writers have begun t speak the 'decline f class' and 'classless sciety' in Britain. And in mdern day cnsumer sciety everyne is cnsidered t be middle class.
But prnuncing the death f class is t early. A recent wide-ranging sciety f public pinin fund 90 percent f peple still placing themselves in particular class; 73 percent agreed that class was still a vital part f British sciety; and 52 percent thught there were still sharp class differences. Thus, class may nt be culturally and plitically bvius, yet it remains an imprtant part f British sciety. Britain seems t have a lve f stratificatin.
One unchanging aspect f a British persn's class psitin is accent. The wrds a persn speaks tell her r his class. A study f British accents during 1970s fund that a vice sunding like a BBC newsreader was viewed as the mst attractive vice. Mst peple said this accent sunded 'educated' and 'sft'. The accents placed at the bttm in this study, n the ther hand, were reginal city accents. These accents were seen as 'cmmn' and 'ugly'. Hwever, a similar study f British accents in the US turned these results upside dwn and placed sme reginal accents as the mst attractive and BBC English as the least. This suggests that British attitudes twards accent have deep rts and are based n class prejudice.
In recent years, hwever, yung upper middle-class peple in Lndn, have begun t adpt sme reginal accents, in rder t hide their class rigins. This is an indicatin f class becming unnticed. Hwever, the 1995 pp sng 'Cmmn Peple' puts frward the view that thugh a middle-class persn may 'want t live like cmmn peple' they can never appreciate the reality f a wrking-class life.
【答案】：21-24 A D B C
这是一篇说明文。这篇短文给我们讲述了在英国社会中，阶级划分是重要的一部分。作者在短文中给我们介绍了两项调查，通过调查的结果我们可以看到，英国社会里的阶级划分没有消失，它是英国社会重要的一部分。
21. A recent study f public pinin shws that in mdern Britain ________.
A. peple regard themselves scially different
B. mst peple belng t middle class
C. it is easy t recgnize a persn’s class
D. it is time t end class distinctin
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第二句A recent wide-ranging sciety f public pinin fund 90 percent f peple still placing themselves in particular class; 73 percent agreed that class was still a vital part f British sciety; and 52 percent thught there were still sharp class differences.可知，关于“阶级消亡”的说法，在英国对大众进行了一个调查，结果发现90%的人们仍然把自己划分在一定的阶层中；73%的人认为阶级是英国社会一个必不可少的部分。由此可知人们仍然认为他们在社会中是有区别的，故选A。
22. The wrd “stratificatin” in Paragraph 3 is clsest in meaning t ________.
A.variety B. qualificatin C. authrity D. divisin
【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段的内容可知，根据一项关于英国社会阶级是否开始消亡的调查可知，绝大多数人仍然认为英国社会中存在不同的阶级，这是英国社会中重要的一部分。由此可知，英国人好像对阶级划分非常热衷。stratificatin划分，故选D。
23. British attitudes twards accent ________.
A. are based n reginal status B. have a lng traditin
C. are shared by the Americans D. have changed in recent years
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句This suggests that British attitudes twards accent have deep rts and are based n class prejudice.可知，英国人对待口音的态度有很深的根源，是建立在阶级偏见的基础上的。故选B。
24. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. The middle class is expanding B. A persn’s accent reflects his class
C. Class is a key part f British sciety D. Each class has unique characteristics.
【解析】主旨大意题。这篇短文给我们讲述了在英国社会中，阶级划分是重要的一部分。作者在短文中给我们介绍了两项调查，其中一项告诉我们大多数人们觉得阶级是英国社会必不可少的一部分；另一项调查是关于人们说话的口音，英国和美国的调查结果正好相反，也说明了英国阶级划分的根源非常深。由此可知C选项：阶级是英国社会中的一个重要部分，符合短文的大意。
B
If yu culd have a superpwer, what wuld it be? Other than flying and cmmunicating with smene frm his mind (which, let’s be hnest, wuld prbably actually be awful), breathing underwater is ne f the favrites. Yu can hang ut with Aquaman and Ursula, and when the end f the wrld cmes and we’re all living under water, yu’ll be fine.
With this in mind, a student at the Ryal Cllege f Art, Lndn has designed a 3D-printed amphibius garment called AMPHIBIO — essentially a set f gills(鳃) — fr this very purpse.
Accrding t Jun Kamei, a bimimicry designer and materials scientist, it is "fr a future where humankind lives in the water".
With the wrld set fr a glbal temperature increase f 3.2°C (5.7°F) by 2100, rising sea levels are a very real threat t large castal cities, ptentially affecting up t 2 billin peple — r 26 percent f the current glbal ppulatin.
Kamei’s little device uses a specially designed prus(多孔的) material that fills xygen again in the water and releases carbn dixide. It is inspired by water-diving insects that create their wn little scuba diving set by creating a prtective bubble f air arund their bdy thanks t their water repellent(防水的) skin.
The technlgy is easily 3D-printable t, which will be great when we need them tgether. These "gills" culd replace heavy and clumsy scuba equipment, making it mre similar t free diving but fr lnger. This culd have immediate applicatins fr underwater rescue plans — the 12 bys rescued by divers frm a flded cave in Thailand, fr example, where it tk weeks t wrk ut hw t get the bys and the vital breathing equipment thrugh thse narrw tunnels.
S far, the tech has nly been tested as a wrking prttype, nt actually n humans, s the dream may have t be n hld fr nw. And scaling up and testing n humans is Kamei’s next plan. This may sund unbelievable, but Kamei insists he has a much mre ptimistic visin f the future.
25. What can be inferred abut Aquaman and Ursula?
A. They can read minds. B. They can breathe underwater.
C. They ften cause huge disasters. D. They can’t live underwater.
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种由自然物种获得灵感而设计出的叫做AMPHIBIO的潜水装置，可以取代沉重笨拙的水肺设备，使其更像自由潜水，但时间更长。
【答案】25-28 BDCA
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段Other than flying and cmmunicating with smene frm his mind (which, let’s be hnest, wuld prbably actually be awful), breathing underwater is ne f the favrites. Yu can hang ut with Aquaman and Ursula, and when the end f the wrld cmes and we’re all living under water, yu’ll be fine.可知，除了坐飞机和用意念与人交流，水下呼吸是最受欢迎的方式之一。你可以跟Aquaman和 Ursula一起玩，当世界末日来临时，我们都生活在水下，你会没事的。所以可推测Aquaman和Ursula可以在水下呼吸。故选B。
26. What can we learn abut AMPHIBIO?
A. It can prduce xygen in the water.
B. Its user can cmmunicate with thers frm their mind.
C. It is the unique useful tl against the threat f rising sea levels.
D. The designer drew his inspiratin frm a certain natural species.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句It is inspired by water-diving insects that create their wn little scuba diving set by creating a prtective bubble f air arund their bdy thanks t their water repellent(防水的) skin.可知，这款潜水器的灵感来自潜水昆虫，它们的皮肤防水，在身体周围形成一个保护性的空气泡，从而创造出自己的小型水肺潜水装置。即AMPHIBIO的设计师是从某种自然物种中获得了灵感。故选D。
27. Why did the authr mentined the rescue f the bys in Thailand?
A. T present the success f the new device.
B. T cmpare the new device with the ld ne.
C. T prve the advantage f the new device.
D. T shw the new device is easily 3D-printable.
【解析】 推理判断题。第六段第二句These "gills" culd replace heavy and clumsy scuba equipment, making it mre similar t free diving but fr lnger.可知，这些“鳃”可以取代沉重笨拙的水肺设备，使其更像自由潜水，但时间更长。接着下文提到在泰国营救男孩的例子是为了进一步证明这种新设备的优势。故选C。
28. What is the authr’s attitude t the future f the new design?
A. Objective.B. indifferent.C. Dubtful.D. Critical.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容S far, the tech has nly been tested as a wrking prttype, nt actually n humans, s the dream may have t be n hld fr nw. And scaling up and testing n humans is Kamei’s next plan. This may sund unbelievable, but Kamei insists he has a much mre ptimistic visin f the future.（到目前为止，这项技术还只是作为一个工作原型进行测试，还没有在人体上进行，所以这个梦想可能要暂时搁置。Kamei的下一个计划是扩大规模并在人体上进行测试。这听起来可能难以置信，但Kamei坚持认为他对未来有更乐观的看法。）可知，作者只是客观论述这项新设计未来的情况，没有发表自己的看法，因此作者的态度是客观的。故选A
V. 微写作(根据提示完成小作文)
A
最近你班同学就“人类是否应该进行宇宙探索”这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为，探索宇宙不仅让人类更好地了解宇宙的发展，还可以用来指导农业生产，以及把一些探索太空的高新技术用于现实生活；也有一些人认为探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力；影响了人们的生活水平。请你根据以下情况写一篇报告并发表自己的观点。
注意：1.写作内容应包括以上全部要点，可适当发挥，使上下文连贯；
2．词数80左右。
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范文一
Recently we have held a heated discussin abut the prblem whether mankind shuld explre space r nt.Different peple abut it has different pinins.
Sme peple hld the view that space explratin will nt nly enable us t understand hw the universe develp but als help farming t grw mre fd and apply the new technlgy t ur life. While ther peple argue that we shuld stp explring space because it csts t much time and mney.
Frm my pint f view，it is very necessary fr human t explre space.Because it nt nly can prvide the wrld with many different benefits，but als can slve peple's shrt­term and lng­term prblems.
范文二
Space Explratin Is a Waste f Time and Mney
Everyne gets excited by the news f the mst recent space flights, and I t share in peple’s sense f awe and wnder at the phts frm space that we see. Having said that, it is hard t believe that the high cst f space flight is justified. We shuld be spending ur mney mre wisely, n what peple need.
I cannt understand spending all this mney n expensive research and experiments when s many peple need fd. Arund the wrld, millins f peple are hungry and dying f starvatin. On the ther hand, we hear n TV that fr as little as a dllar a day, a child in Africa can be saved. Cnsidering the billins spent n space travel, it just seems a better investment t feed the hungry.
Besides, there are a lt f unslved mysteries n the earth. S why are we ging int space t explre? There are still many things t discver in the cean depths and the Antarctic. But we d nt even have t g that far. Science has yet t unlck all the mysteries f the atm, and there are many realms f technlgy that we are just beginning t understand and explre.
Finally, it just desn’t seem a very wise investment t g t space. We have t many needs here n the earth t be wasting ur effrt n space explratin.
B
假定最近你们班进行了一次题为“保护文化遗产是否很重要”的讨论。根据以下要点用英语向大家介绍一下讨论结果, 并谈谈你自己的看法。
1. 80%的学生认为重要及其理由。
2. 20%的学生认为不重要及其理由。
注意: 1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
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【参考范文】
Recently ur class had a heated discussin abut whether it is imprtant t prtect the cultural heritage. We hld different views n it.
80% f us think it imprtant t prtect the cultural heritage. They believe that the cultural heritage is a symbl f splendid ancient civilizatin which can make us feel prud f ur natin. Hwever, the thers dn’t think s, arguing that prtecting the cultural heritage cannt prmte the develpment f sciety; r rather, it is a waste f time and mney.
In my pinin, it’s ur duty t take mre effective measures t prtect ur cultural heritage and we can benefit a lt frm the cultural and histrical inspiratins it cnveys.