专题 02 阅读理解 浙江中考英语重难题型考前押题

专题 02 阅读理解

2021年浙江中考英语重难题型考前押题

〖真题回顾〗

A

 Last year, Time chose 15-year-old scientist Gitanjali Rao as its Kid of the Year for 2020. Gitanjali was chosen from over 5,000 young kids.

Time has long been famous for its “Person of the Year”. In 2020, it decided to honor young people in the US with its first ever Kid of the Year. Time worked with the TV channel Nickelodeon to look at kids between the ages of 8 and 16 who were really making a difference, no matter how small.

Gitanjali is one of them. When she was 11, she invented a system to test drinking water for lead (铅). It earned her the title of America’s “Top Young Scientist” in the 2017 Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge. She also made an app called Kindly. She hopes the app can help cut down on online bullying (霸凌). “It gives you a chance to rethink what you’re saying so that you know what to do next time,” Gitanjali said.

Gitanjali worked with schools, museums and other groups around the world to teach young people how to come up with their own solutions to problems. “If I can do it,” she told them, “you can do it, and anybody can do it.”

1．What titles did Gitanjali Rao earn in the passage?______

①Person of the Year             ②Kid of the Year

③Top Young Scientist             ④Young Scientist Challenge

A．①② B．②③ C．①③ D．②④

2．The underlined word “It” in paragraph 3 refers to ______.

A．The app called Kindly. B．The young age.

C．The testing system. D．The Scientist Challenge.

3．According to the passage, what can the app Kindly do?______

A．It can help work with all the schools.

B．It can help choose young scientists.

C．It can help test drinking water for lead.

D．It can help reduce bullying online.

4．What can we learn from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?______

A．Everybody can solve the problems by themselves well.

B．Nobody can solve the problems as well as Gitanjali.

C．Only people like Gitanjali can solve the problems on their own.

D．Young people are not able to solve their own problems successfully.

B

①It is normal to feel a bit nervous about exams, especially if you’re under pressure from school or family. Exam stress can cause you to feel nervous or depressed (沮丧的), and this might influence your sleeping or eating habits.

②If you have any of these feelings or are worried that exam pressure is taking over your life, you are not alone. Here are some things you can do.

③Firstly, let your trusted friends and family know if you’re having a hard time, so they can be there to support you, encourage you and offer a listening ear. You don’t have to go through this alone. Keeping it all in will only make things worse, so don’t be afraid to open up.

④Secondly, think about all the practical support you need, and be honest with yourself about it. You are allowed to ask for help. Tell your teachers about your worries. They may have talked to lots of students who are going through similar things, so they can give you some helpful advice.

⑤One more thing you can do is to be kind to yourself. Think about all the things you have achieved so far. It can be helpful to write a list of all the things you like about yourself, and the things other people value about you, too. ______

⑥If you follow the things above, I’m sure you will never be worried about exams.

5．What might happen if you have exam stress?______

A．You might have a wonderful life.

B．You might have a healthy eating habit.

C．You might have difficulty in sleeping.

D．You might have many good friends.

6．The writer tells us ______ ways to deal with “Exam Pressure”?

A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.

7．Which sentence can be best put in the blank ______?

A．Not everyone is good to you.

B．Thinking too much helps a lot.

C．You don’t need to care about others.

D．Treating yourself kindly is helpful.

8．How is the passage organized?______

A．①/②③/④⑤/⑥ B．①②③/④⑤/⑥

C．①②/③④⑤/⑥ D．①②/③/④⑤⑥

C

Ten, nine, eight, seven … The fifth Long March 5 carrier rocket with the Chang’e 5 lunar probe (月球探测器) launched (发射) at 4:30 am on Nov. 24th, 2020.

The Chang’e 5 lunar probe plans to return with samples (样品) of the moon. The whole mission (任务) will last about 23 days, according to the China National Space Administration. If this mission is successful, Chang’e 5 will be the first lunar sample-return spacecraft since 1976, when the former Soviet Union’s unmanned Luna 24 brought 170.1 grams of lunar samples back.

As one of the most difficult missions, the Chang’e 5 mission aims to bring back a larger sample and explore a new area of the moon.

“The three unmanned lunar probes of the former Soviet Union—Lunar 16, Lunar 20 and Lunar 24—carried out three lunar samplings and return missions, and the lunar soil samples brought back were only about 330 grams, while Chang’e 5 plans to bring back 2 kilograms of lunar samples,” Pang Zhihao, a space activity researcher and author in Beijing, told Science and Technology Daily. The great increase in sample weight can play a key role in Chang’e 5’s lunar orbit unmanned docking program (月球轨道无人对接计划). With the program, the ascender (上升器) only requires a small amount of fuel (燃料), so even a heavier sampling will not influence the normal return of the spacecraft.

The best part of the journey is Chang’e 5’s lunar landing site—the northwest part of Oceanus Procellarum, also known as the Ocean of Storms—on the near side of the moon, where no probes have visited before.

9．When might the Chang’e 5 lunar probe return to the earth in 2020?______

A．On Nov. 16th. B．On Nov. 24th. C．On Dec. 5th. D．On Dec. 17th.

10．What is the aim of the Chang’e 5 lunar probe according to the passage?______

A．To be the first lunar sample-return spacecraft in the human history.

B．To bring back more lunar samples and explore a new area of the moon.

C．To find the three unmanned lunar probes of the former Soviet Union.

D．To visit the Ocean of Storms as other probes did before on the moon.

11．Which is TRUE about Chang’e 5’s lunar orbit unmanned docking program?______

A．The ascender can normally return to the earth with a little fuel.

B．The ascender doesn’t need to bring back lunar samples any more.

C．The ascender is only able to carry lunar samples that are not very heavy.

D．The ascender no longer needs fuel to be back to the earth.

12．What is the tone (基调) of the passage?______

A．Upset but romantic. B．Scientific and informative.

C．Proud but unclear. D．Doubtful and disappointed.

〖命题探究〗

从近几年的中考阅读理解情况看，短文体裁多样，题材各异，文章涉及科学知识、社会文化、政治历史、人文环境和日常生活等方面，充分体现其时代性、实用性。短文难度逐年加大。常见题型有主旨题、细节题、推断题、猜测词义题和正误判断题。
做阅读理解练习应先看问题，弄清考点。在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所要信息。先易后难。做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序，应遵循先易后难的原则。如可先做细节题再做推断题，因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案，而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解，再作判断。

（一）主旨题
主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。做此类题时，应通读全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主题句的意义。短文往往围绕主题句展开，主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。 （二）细节题
细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。
（三）推断题
推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论，主要考查学生的理解力和推断力。这类推断通常包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断。做此类题时，应根据短文中的相关语句，对与事实有关的细节加以分析，找出线索，悟出字里行间的意思，反复比较，从而作出合乎逻辑的判断。

（四）猜测词义题
猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力。一般情况下，推断词义的题目中所出现的单词，大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索。通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查是否贴切，仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的含义。 （五）正误判断题
正误判断题主要考查学生对文章的具体事实、信息的理解能力。一般是根据文章的事实或细节，给出一个句子，判断其正误。这类题比较直接，难度相对较小。做此类题时，应先看题，后带着“问题”快速阅读短文，寻找所需要的信息。

〖解题秘籍〗

①阅读顺序：先看题目，找关键词，再根据关键词锁定答案大致范围，对比选项，选择最优解。 

②注意把握文章核心思想，快速阅读首尾段找文章主题。 

③做题时注意掐表，提升阅读速度，习惯高速阅读模式，这样考试时能节省不少时间，避免做不完而失分。

④读题时也要关注问法，是问true还是not true/wrong，一定要看仔细，避免因为看错题而选错的遗憾。 

⑤警惕那些说法过于绝对、内容消极不合逻辑的选项。太过于绝对一般都是错误选项；而正确选项语气不肯定、表达更委婉（含有might、can、maybe、possible等词），内容也更积极向上。

〖押题冲关〗

A

Drink of choice? Ceremonial drink? Green tea is both of the above, and the Chinese drink it morning, noon, and night, almost every day in their life.

To the beginner, green tea is just green tea; but to the expert, which is any Chinese person, green tea is different in many ways. There is this year’s crop, last year’s crop, the spring crop, the autumn crop, north tea, south tea. To understand those differences, you just have to be born into that knowledge.

______. You just put a few leaves into a cup and pour in hot water—the hotter, the better. The key is in drinking it—drinking that hot tea without getting your teeth full of leaves. The only other secret is to keep adding hot water every time the guest takes a sip. In Chinese culture, the poor host is one who lets the tea get cold. As a native born U. S. southerner, I found this especially interesting. The Chinese, world—class experts on the subject find the whole idea of iced tea to be unthinkable.

Some drink their tea cup by cup. Some make tea in a bottle every morning and carry it with them all day, just adding hot water sometimes. Whatever the style is, they drink their tea. It’s more than a part of their diet. It’s a part of their lifestyle.

They claim great value in this drink. It calms them down, controls the heartbeat, heals sore throats, and clears the mind. All this may or may not be true, but the real value of green tea is ceremonial. Chinese society and business develops around the cup of tea.

13．According to the passage, green tea is different in its ______ to a Chinese.

A．color B．smell C．picking time D．cooking way

14．Which of the following is the best to fill in the “______” in the passage?

A．The process of making green tea is no secret. 

B．There are some other ways to make green tea.

C．It's no secret people make green tea differently. 

D．Here is advice for you to make green tea better.

15．What can we learn from the passage?______

A．The greatest value of green tea is its social value.

B．The Chinese think drinking iced tea is acceptable.

C．Chinese people are the world—class experts on business.

D．The most popular way of drinking tea is to drink it cup by cup

16．What’s the best title for the passage?______

A．Green Tea—a popular drink B．Green Tea—an eastern secret

C．Green Tea—a drink of choice D．Green Tea—a Chinese lifestyle

B

Hello, everyone! Here’s NBTV-1. I’m Wang Yi. At the beginning of 2021, the Chinese government said it would provide free COVID-19 vaccines (疫苗) to all Chinese citizens (公民). Since then, tens of millions of people have gotten the vaccine. It’s really helpful but some may still have some questions about the COVID-19 vaccines. I collected some main questions—“How does the vaccine work?”, “Are you allowed to get it? And How?” and “What do you need to do before getting it?”. Now let’s ask the doctor, Mr. Zhang about it.

Wang Yi: How does the vaccine work?

Mr. Zhang: The vaccines China is now using are called “inactivated vaccines” (灭活疫苗). There are “dead” viruses (病毒) in these vaccines. They cannot cause the disease, but can show your body what the virus looks like and make you immune (免疫) to it. Studies show that China’s vaccines are 79.34 percent effective. This means that for every 100 people who get vaccinated, about 79 people will become immune to the virus. If 79 percent of the whole population becomes immune, the possibility of COVID-19 spreading will be very low.

Wang Yi: How is the vaccine given?

Mr. Zhang: The vaccine is given by injection (注射). It’s suggested to get two periods. You should wait about two weeks after the first injection to get the second one. Wang Yi: Can people of all ages get vaccinated?

Mr. Zhang: The vaccines have been tested among three different age groups: 3 to 17, 18 to 59, and 60 and above. The 18-to-59 age group has the most data (数据)—the vaccines have shown that it’s safe to this group. The other two groups are expected to be included soon.

Wang Yi: Thanks a lot. I have the last question. ______

17．Who’s Wang Yi?

A．A doctor. B．A virus.

C．A vaccine. D．A reporter.

18．What does Wang Yi think of the vaccine?______

A．Valuable. B．Useless.

C．Expensive. D．Dangerous.

19．Which of the following is right according to the passage?______

A．The vaccines the Chinese are using now is called “activated vaccines”.

B．According to the vaccine test, the 3 to 17 age group has the least data.

C．If 79 people become immune, COVID-19 might be stopped spreading.

D．Before getting the second injection, you must wait for about 14 days.

20．What may the last question be? ______

A．Can the vaccine make people avoid COVID-19?

B．Can people drink before they get the vaccine?

C．How long can people keep the vaccine?

D．Why should people get the vaccine?

C

An Indian boy Piscine Patel is troubled by his first name. It sounds like a rude word, and his classmates laugh at him. He decides to change his name to “Pi”.

But Pi’s name problems are nothing compared (相比) to what is waiting for him. Pi’s father owns a zoo. He decides to move to Canada. The family, together with all the zoo animals, set sail across the Pacific. One day, a huge storm hits the ship. The next morning, Pi finds his family has sunk with the ship. He is the only person still alive.

He finds himself on a lifeboat with few animals. And among them is a tiger called Richard Parker. Soon, all the animals are killed and Pi is left alone with the tiger.

As the tiger becomes hungrier, Pi starts to fish to feed him, or he himself will become the food.

The boy and the tiger develop an amazing relationship on the sea. Although he feels hopeless, Pi never gives up. After 227 days, they finally land on a beach in Mexico, but Richard Parker runs away into the forest.

The ship company finds Pi and asks about what happened. Pi tells them about Richard Parker but the company doesn’t believe him. Pi then tells another story in which there is no tiger, but some other, shocking details (细节).

Is there really another story? If so, which one is the truth? Maybe you will have your own answer after watching The Life of Pi (《少年派的奇幻漂流》), the latest 3D movie from American Chinese director Ang Lee. The film speaks of the relationship between humans and nature.

21．Who does the zoo belong to?______

A．Pi. B．Pi’s father. C．Parker. D．The ship company.

22．Which can replace (替换) the underlined word “sunk” in the second paragraph?______

A．kicked off B．shown up C．gone down D．set out

23．What does the underlined word “him” in Paragraph Four refer to?______

A．The tiger. B．The fish. C．The boy. D．The director.

24．What can you infer from the sentence in bold in the fifth paragraph?______

A．Pi looks up to the city of Mexico. B．The tiger is thirsty for freedom.

C．Pi asks the tiger to run into the forest. D．The tiger keeps Pi away from the city.

D

Two years ago, I went to Taiwan, along with my family. Taiwan, China’s biggest island, lies in southeastern China. It’s separated from the Chinese mainland by the Taiwan Strait.

On the trip, we visited the beautiful Sun Moon Lake. ① Standing in a cable car (缆车), I looked down at the scenery below. It looked as if it had been made by a great master. ② The clear water and beautiful forests made me feel as if I were in heaven. ③ Many famous works were on display there. When I was walking along the hall, the unpleasant history of our country passed through my mind. ④ As the Chinese saying goes: “Falling behind will suffer beating.” I realized the great importance of self-improvement.

Taiwan is rich in nature. There are not only lovely animals, but also delicious fruits, such as pineapples, wax apples (莲雾), and many more. I ate much fruit every day during my stay there.

As for the local people, they were very friendly. Take my personal experience as a real example: I bought a T-shirt as a gift for my father without telling him. But the size wasn’t suitable. I didn’t know what to do. I called the mall hopelessly. To my surprise, the salesman listened to me patiently and told me that he could help me to change the size and send it back to our hotel as long as I could return the other one to him. His warm voice is still in my mind.

Anyone who visits this island for the first time will fall in love with it right away. If you aren’t sure about where to take a vacation, Taiwan should be at the top of your list.

25．Where can we put the sentence “Another place we visited was the Palace Museum.”?______

A．① B．② C．③ D．④

26．Which one of the following Chinese historical events reflects the same meaning as the underlined Chinese saying “Falling behind will suffer beating.”?______

A．“大禹治水” B．“三顾茅庐” C．“贞观之治” D．“辛丑条约”

27．How does the writer describe people in Taiwan were friendly?______

A．By telling the history of Taiwan. B．By giving the pictures of them.

C．By showing the writer’s own story. D．By using the most famous saying.

28．What’s the best title of the passage?______

A．A Visit to Taiwan B．Wonderful Trips