人教版小学英语六年级下册复习资料

人教版小学英语六年级下册复习资料 Unit 1 How Tall Are You?【词汇考点】tall—taller更高的long—longer更长的short—shorter更矮的heavy—heavier更重的thin—thinner更瘦的strong—stronger更强壮的big—bigger更大的small—smaller更小的old—older年龄更大的young—younger更年轻的【语法考点】时态：比较级在一般现在时中的运用一.形容词比较级和最高级的变形规则1.一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est；（1）单音节词如：small→smaller→smallestshort→shorter→shortesttall→taller→tallest（2）双音节词如：clever→cleverer→cleverestnarrow→narrower→narrowest2．以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st；如：large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest3．在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est；如：big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest4．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est；如：easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest5．其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most；如：beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily注意：（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the,副词最高级前可不用.例句：The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.（2）形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示"非常".It is a most important problem.=It is a very important problem.6．有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记.如：good→better→best well→better→bestbad→worse→worst ill→worse→worstold→older/elder→oldest/eldestmany/much→more→most little→less→leastfar→further/farther→furthest/farthest二.重点句型1.How引导的特殊疑问句，来谈论对方的身体情况：---How+（高、矮、胖、瘦等与身体有关的）形容词+are you?---I\'m+与身体有关的具体数值+单位例：A:How tall are you?B:I\'m 164 cm tall.2.比较级，用来对自己和他人的身体特征进行比较：---You are+形容词的比较级+than me.---I'm+形容词的比较级+than you.例：I'm thinner than you.My hands are bigger than yours.注意：比较的两者必须是同类的。  Unit 2 Last Weekend【词汇考点】stayed at home呆在家里（stay-stayed停留；待）watched TV看电视（Watch-watched看）washed one’s clothes洗衣服（wash-washed洗）clean one’s room打扫房间（clean-cleaned打扫）read a book读书（read，cut，put无变形）had a cold感冒（have/has----had有，使，吃..）【语法考点】时态：一般过去时一.一般过去时的定义：一般过去时是表示过去经常或偶然发生的动作或存在的状态的时态常与过去时间yesterday,this morning,just now,a moment ago,in May,last night/year/week,once upon a time,the other day,before…,when–clause,in the past连用。如：I was there a moment ago.刚才我在那儿。What did you do yesterday?昨天你干了什么?I met Lin Tao this morning.今天上午我会到了林涛。二.动词过去式规则变形1、一般情况下，动词词尾加-ed，如：work---worked play---played wanted----wanted act----acted2、以不发音的-e结尾动词，动词词尾加-d，如：live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped3、以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i再加-ed，如：study---studied copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop---stopped5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。go–went make–made get–got buy-bought come-came fly-flew三.重要句型1.询问某人周末过得怎么样。---How was your weekend？---It was fine,thanks./It was OK.2.Did引导的一般疑问句，就过去是否发生了某行为动作进行问答：---Did you+动词原形？---Yes,I did./No,I didn\'t.例：A:Did you read books?B:Yes,I did.3.What引导的特殊疑问句，就过去已经发生的行为动作进行提问：---What did you do+过去时间？---I/we+动作（did）.例：A:What did you do last weekend?B:I/we Played football.  Unit3 Where did you go?【词汇考点】go—went去went camping去野营went swimming去游泳went fishing去钓鱼went hiking去郊游ride-rode骑（马/自行车）rode a horse骑马rode a bike骑自行车hurt one’s foot伤到脚eat-ate吃ate fresh food吃新鲜事物take-took拍took pictures of...给...拍照buy-bought买bought gifts买礼物【语法考点】一般过去时的特殊疑问句一.句型类别1）与陈述句的词序相同①疑问词（who,what,which,whose）作主语Who was there?谁在那儿?②疑问词（what,which,whose）作定语用来修饰主语.Which book was his?哪本书是他的?2）疑问词+般疑问句的词序1.谁Who was under the tree?谁在树下?2.去哪里Where did you go？3.什么时候When did you go to Sonya？4.做什么What were you Doing?你在干什么?5.方式How did you get there？6.谁的Whose bag was on the desk yesterday?昨天谁的包在桌子上?7.年龄多大How old are you?你多大年纪了?二.重要句型1.询问过去发生了什么事。what happened（to sb./sth.）?2.询问对方身体状况.--Are you all right?--I am feeling better now./I am OK.--I am feeling even worse.3.询问对方去过哪里.Where did you go?4.如何表达“某物看起来像...”It looks like a mule！ Unit 4 Then and now【词汇考点】Dining hall饭厅grass草坪gym体育馆cycling骑自行车运动（或者活动）go cycling去骑自行车Ice-skate滑冰badminton羽毛球运动look up查阅wake（woke）up醒来过去时间：...years ago...months ago last year last month at that time【语法考点】一般现在时和一般过去时的对比一般现在时：一般现在时表示现阶段发生的动作或状态，以及永恒不变的事实、真理和自然规律，常与时间状语today,every day,on Sunday,every morning等连用。例如：What day is today?We sometimes go to the park on Sunday.They ride bikes to school every day.Spring returns in March.The sun is bigger than the moon.He said spring returns in March..一般过去时：一般过去时表示过去阶段发生的动作或状态，常与时间状语yesterday, last year, the day before，yesterday, in 2001,this morning, five days ago等连用。例如：What day was yesterday?We sometimes went to the park on Sunday last year.I lost my pen five days ago.They rode bikes to school the day before yesterday.【重要句型】：1.表示以前没有某物的句型。There was no+单数名词/不可数名词+过去时间。例：There was no library in my old school.There were no+复数名词+过去时间。例：There were no computers or Internet in my time.2.表示“不喜欢..”的句型I didn’t like+名词/动名词例：Before I didn’t like beef.Before I didn’t like going cycling.3.表示过去不能做或者不会做某事。主语+could not+动词原形I could not use the Internet in my childhood.4.如何描述某人过去和现在的情况不一样外貌和性格方面：Before主+was/were+形容词.now主语+is/are+形容词Before he didn’t wear glasses. Now he wears glasses.能力方面：Before,主语+couldn’t+动词原形.Now,主语+can+动词原形.Before I couldn’t swim. Now I can swim very well.爱好方面：Before,主语+didn’t like+名词/动词ing.Now,主语+like+名词/动名词Before he didn’t like reading books, now he likes reading books.一般过去时动词的变化：（1）Be 动词的一般过去时态在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词， am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were.构成：肯定句：主语+was (were) +宾语如：I was late yesterday. （昨天我迟到了。）否定句：主语+was (were) +not+宾语如：We weren't late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到)疑问句：Was (Were) +主语+宾语如： Were you ill yesterday? （你昨天病了吗？）肯定回答： Yes, I was. (是的，我病了。)否定句： No, I wasn't. (不，我没病。)特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+宾语如：When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的？（2）实义动词的一般过去时态肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did.肯定句为：主语+动词过去式+宾语如： I went home at nine o'clock yesterday.（我昨天九点钟回的家。）否定句：主语+didn't +动词原形+宾语如：I didn't go home yesterday. (我昨天没回家。)疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+宾语如： Did you go home yesterday? (你昨天回家了吗？)肯定回答： Yes, I did. (是的，我回了。)否定回答：No, I didn't. (不，我没回家。)（3）助动词和情态动词过去式如下：shall― should（将要）用于第一人称单数will― would（将要）用于所有人称can -could（能，会） may― might（可以） must― must （必须）have to― had to（不得不）助动词和情态动词的过去时态要使用他们的过去式，后面的动词还使用原形。如： I had to do my homework yesterday. (昨天我不得不做作业。)（4）一般过去时态由动词的过去式表示。大多数动词的过去式是在动词原形后加上ed构成。这类动词称为规则动词。1） 一般情况下在词尾直接加ed。 如：play― played work― worked2） 以e结尾的动词只加d.如：like--- liked love― loved3） 以辅音字母+Y结尾的动词，变Y为I，再加ed.如：study― studied carry― carried4） 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，要双写最后这个辅音字母，再加ed. 如：stop― stopped（5）--ed的读音规则如下：1） 在清辅音后面读[t].2） 在浊辅音或元音后读[d].3） 在[t] 和[d] 后读[id].（6）不以ed 结尾的过去式，称为不规则动词。 一般过去时态的“三变”技巧一变：肯定句变为否定句【技巧1】当句中含有情态动词或助动词could，would，should等时，可直接在其后面加not构成否定句。例如：I could get you a concert ticket.→ I could not / couldn't get you a concert ticket.【技巧2】 当句中含有系动词was，were 时，可直接在其后加not构成否定句。例如：I was on the Internet when you called me.→ I was not / wasn't on the Internet when you called me.【技巧3】 当句中谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时，在该动词之前加did not / didn't，动词还原，构成否定句。例如：The famous singer sang some Chinese songs.→ The famous singer did not / didn't sing any Chinese songs.二变：陈述句变为一般疑问句【技巧1】移动词语的位置。将was，were, could，would，should等移到句首。例如：He could pack his things himself. → Could he pack his things himself?【技巧2】添加助动词did。谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时，在主语之前加did，动词还原。例如：Mr. Li looked very old. → Did Mr. Li look very old?三变：陈述句变为特殊疑问句【技巧1】确定疑问词：人who / whom，物what，地点where，时间when / what time，原因why，频率how often，长度how long，距离how far等等。例如：They gave the concert last night.→ When did they give the concert?【技巧2】辨认结构形式：疑问词+情态动词/助动词/ was / were / did +主语+...? 例如：The accident happened near the station.→ Where did the accident happen?关于名词所有格：（仅限于小学阶段 's所有格的用法）（1）表示有生命的东西的名词末尾加's。例如：Jim's bed 吉米的床the man's wife 那个男人的妻子children's toys 孩子们的玩具the fox's tail 狐狸的尾巴（2）以-es或-s结尾的名词末尾加"'s"。例如：the students' books 学生们的书Teachers' Day 教师节my boss' office 我老板的办公室a girls' dormitory 女生宿舍（3）表示两者共同拥有的人或物(共有)时，只需要后一个名词加's(或')即可。如果表示两者各自的所属关系(各自所有)，则每个名词词尾都加上's(或')。例如：Joan and Jane's room(房间属二人共同所有)Joan's and Jane's room(指Joan和Jane各自的房间)（4）'s所有格所修饰的词的省略现象1)表示诊所、店铺或某人的家等地点名词，其名词所有格后的被修饰语常常省略。例如：I met her at the doctor's(office).我在诊所遇见了她。He has gone to the tailor's(shop).他到服装店去了。She went to Mr. Black's (house)yesterday. 她昨天到布莱克先生家去了。2) 名词所有格所修饰的词，如果前面已经提到过，往往可以省略，以免重复。例如：Whose pen is this? It's Tom's.这是谁的钢笔？是汤姆的。The bike is not mine, but Wang Pinpin's.这辆自行车不是我的，是王品品的。2、them与their： them表示“他们” 是人称代词宾格，放在及物动词和介词后面做宾语。如I want to help them. 我想帮助他们。 their“他们的”是形容词性物主代词，放在名词前面。These are their books.这是他们的书。【作文】：Unit1 How tall are you?My name is Wu Yifan. I'm 12 years old. Mike is my friend. He is 11 years old. I'm 160cm tall. Mike is 1 cm shorter than me. But his feet are bigger than mine. My legs are longer than his. My legs are 69 cm and his are 67cm. I'm 50 kg. He is 48 kg. I'm heavier than him.Unit2 Last WeekendI had a happy weekend last week. On Saturday morning, I watched TV and helped my mother wash clothes. In the afternoon, I cleaned my room in my house.On Sunday, I played football in the park. Then I went to my grandparents' house. Grandpa played the piano! The whole family was so happy. Later, we wanted to swim. But it was too cold. This was last weekend.Unit3 Where did you go?Last Summer HolidayI went to Beijing with my parents last summer holiday. We stayed there for a week. On the first day, we went to Tian' an men Square. There were many people there. On the second day, we went to the Palace Museum by taxi. We took many pictures. We went boating in the Summer Palace on the third day. We also visited the Great Wall and other interesting places. l bought some gifts formy friends on the last day of this trip. I was tired but very happy.Unit4  Then and Now(人物版）I'm Wang Ming, I'm a boy/girl. I'm 12 years old. Before, I was quiet. Now, I'm very active in class. I was short and thin， so I couldn't ride my bike well. But now, I'm strong and tall, I go cycling every day. I like pink now, but I didn't like it before. I like playing ping-pong before, what do I like now? I like playing badminton now. what about you?  Then and Now(事物版）There was no gym in my old school. Now, there is a new one, It's very beautiful, we all like it very much. At that time, there was only one small building. But now, there are many buildings in my school. In my old school, there wasn't computer, there are many computers now. This is my school. I like it. what about your school?