资料中包含下列文件，点击文件名可预览资料内容
还剩21页未读，
继续阅读
所属成套资源：2023临沂一中高二上学期期末考试试题及答案(九科)
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
2023临沂一中高二上学期期末考试英语试题含解析
展开
这是一份2023临沂一中高二上学期期末考试英语试题含解析，文件包含山东省临沂市第一中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题含解析docx、山东省临沂市第一中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题docx、临沂一中2021级高二上学期期末检测英语听力试题mp3等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共35页， 欢迎下载使用。
临沂一中2021级高二上学期期末检测
英语试题
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man want to buy?
A. A suit. B. A shirt. C. A tie.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Are you going shopping?
M: Yes, I need some clothes for Alison’s wedding next week.
W: Aren’t you going to wear your blue suit?
M: Yes, but my white shirt looks very old, and it doesn’t look good with my tie. I think I need a new one.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man think of the boy?
A. He is a perfect student.
B. He is indifferent to everyone.
C. He is very different from his sisters.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: That’s the boy that started the fight in the school the other day.
M: His two sisters are in my math class. They are perfect students. He’s an exception.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which part of the house has been repaired?
A. The roof. B. The walls. C. The doors.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Is your house warmer since you had your roof repaired?
M: Yes. But the walls are very thin. It’s still a little cold even with all the doors closed.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a library. B. In a hotel. C. In a restaurant.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: OK, this is the key to your room. Remember that book you left at the front desk.
M: What time is breakfast served?
W: It’s from 7:00 until 10:00.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Wait patiently. B. Tighten her seatbelt. C. Go to the bathroom.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Are we there yet? I really need to go to the bathroom.
M: I’d say we’re about 10 minutes away. Just sit tight and try to relax.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What is the man complaining about?
A. He didn’t get enough sleep.
B. His homework is difficult.
C. There is too much noise.
7. How does the woman feel?
A. Apologetic. B. Indifferent. C. Angry.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: How can I do my homework? My brother is playing loud music, the TV is on and somebody is drilling the road outside.
W: Is the work hard?
M: I don’t know. How can I concentrate on it? Do I have to wait until you have all gone to sleep?
W: I’m sorry. I’ll turn off the TV and I’m sure your brother will be happy to do the same with his music.
M: Thanks. It’s really important that I get this work done and for that I need peace and quiet.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. When did the woman first see the man?
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening.
9. What is the man doing?
A. Cooking. B. Fishing. C. Walking.
10. What will the woman do next?
A. Buy some fish. B. Cook dinner. C. Have a conversation.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Good evening.
W: Hello, are you still here? It was 7:00 a.m. the first time I saw you. I was on my walk.
M: Yes, I’ve had a good long day.
W: I hope you’ve managed to catch some fish in all that time.
M: It’s not been too bad. I’ve got six big ones and four smaller ones. I had a really big one on the line but it got free.
W: Everyone who goes fishing has come across this. What will you do with your catch?
M: I’ll cook one for dinner tonight and freeze the rest.
W: Oh, lovely. I’m just about to cook dinner myself.
M: Would you like a fish?
W: Oh, I couldn’t.
M: Please. There are too many for me.
W: Thank you. That is so kind of you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What color is the man’s hair now?
A. White. B. Black. C. Brown.
12. What is the man’s earliest memory?
A. Being in a pool. B. Playing with cars. C. Being on a swing.
13. How old is the man?
A. Fifteen. B. Eighteen. C. Twenty-one.
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. B
【解析】
【原文】W: I’ve just been to see your sister’s baby girl. She’s growing fast with lovely black hair.
M: What was I like as a baby, Mom?
W: Oh, you were a cute little thing, with lots of white hair as you grew up.
M: White hair? Really?
W: Yes, it only turned brown when you were about six years old. And you were so well-behaved. Not like your brother and sister.
M: I can’t imagine my sister being bad.
W: Well, not very bad. Just a little, maybe.
M: I don’t remember that. I can remember her pushing me on a swing and playing with my toy cars. But the first thing I recall is being with her in a plastic pool.
W: Oh, yes, you used to love sitting in that pool on hot summer days.
M: I can’t get over the fact that I had white hair until I was six. That means I had it for a third of my life.
W: People used to stop me in the street, just so that they could have a look at you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Why was the new piece of furniture so cheap?
A. It was very dirty.
B. All the legs were weak.
C. The back had a small problem.
15. What color is the old sofa?
A. Yellow. B. Green. C. White.
16. What does the man say about the woman?
A. She is not very neat.
B. She doesn`t like the white color.
C. She often finds things at discounted prices.
【答案】14. C 15. C 16. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Where do you think the sofa should go?
M: Put it against the wall. It’s good we painted the wall yellow. It goes well with the green sofa.
W: Yes, you’re right, as always. And you always find the best deals. I still can’t believe that we got this sofa at such a low price!
M: I know, and all because there’s that tiny hole in the back. How lucky!
W: Yes, you found it at the perfect time too. Our old one was really falling apart. I think all four legs were about to break. I was afraid to sit on it.
M: And it was covered in spots from your drink! You’re messier than a schoolchild. I’m never buying white furniture again.
W: I promise I’ll be really careful with this new one. I won’t have anything but water around it
M: You’d better not, or else I’ll have to buy another sofa just for you.
W: Hey, I’m not that messy!
M: OK, let’s just see how our living room looks in a week and I’ll tell you if you’re messy or not.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. When did the South Africa become independent?
A. In 1902. B. In 1916. C. In 1961.
18. What is the speaker’s racial background?
A. Native African.
B. A mix of different groups.
C. Half Dutch and half English.
19. What was described as the most important destination in Cape Town?
A. Table Mountain.
B. The Cape of Good Hope.
C. The Nelson Mandela Museum.
20. What will the speaker probably do with the listeners first?
A. Tour the city. B. Go to a hotel. C. Hike a mountain.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m Nigel. Welcome to Cape Town, South Africa— I can’t wait to show you around. It might be your first time in Africa, so let me clear up some common questions. First, of course, not everyone who lives in Africa has dark skin. This land was explored and populated by groups from Europe and Asia from around 1400 -1800 A.D. After that, it was controlled by the Dutch until a war in 1902. Finally, the British gave South Africa its independence in 1961.
I happen to be a mix of all these different racial groups, including Asian and native African. Our history has had tension between different groups, so now we celebrate all groups’ equal treatment by honoring Nelson Mandela. He’s the former national leader who brought us together. We’ll learn more about him at his museum, which is the most significant site in the city. We’ll also explore natural landscapes by hiking Table Mountain, seeing penguins in Simon’s Town, and watching waves crash at the Cape of Good Hope. But first, let’s drop your bags at the guest house.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Kids Nature and Survival Camp
Set free your kids’ imagination and spirit of adventure at this camp, as they learn about the natural environment and the important skills of survival.
Activity overview
* 44-day Camp in the Santa Cruz Mountains
* Basic Survival Skills: Shelter, Water, Fire, Food
* Expert Instructors-with a minimum of 10 years of experience
* Set your own custom(定制的) camp date
Details
* The camp will run for 5 hours each day: 9 am-2 pm.
* This class is 100% hands-on and very active. Everything your kids learn, they will do—no indoor classrooms or long lectures.
* Each day will center around one of the 4 main necessities of survival: SHELTER(day 1). WATER(day 2), FIRE(day 3), and FOOD(day 4).
Dates offered
* We offer 1 public camp date each summer for ages 8-12. For 2021, that date is August 5-8(9 am-2 pm each day). To book that date for a child between the ages of 8-12, please click the REGISTER NOW link below.
* We also arrange custom/private camp dates for both kids and teens all year round.
Extra information
* 4-Day Camp: $395
* Add shuttle(班车) ride to/from downtown Santa Cruz for $160($40 per day)
* At this time we do not have shuttle service from the Silicon Valley side of the hill, but we do work to help organize carpools(拼车) from the Los Gatos/Saratoga/Campbell area each year for interested parents.
21. What will kids learn if they join the camp?
A. How to make long lectures. B. How to survive in the wild.
C. How to organize a camp. D. How to improve their imagination.
22. What’s special about the class of camp?
A. It is free for all children. B. Children could learn it online.
C. It is based on practicing in person to learn. D. Kids could hook a public camp date each spring.
23. Which of the following provides shuttle service?
A. Los Gatos. B. Santa Cruz. C. Saratoga. D. Campbell.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则儿童自然和生存夏令营的广告，介绍了夏令营的特色、时间安排等信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Set free your kids’ imagination and spirit of adventure at this camp, as they learn about the natural environment and the important skills of survival.(在这个夏令营中，孩子们可以充分发挥想象力和冒险精神，了解自然环境和重要的生存技能)”可知，如果孩子们参加夏令营，他们会学到如何在野外生存。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Details部分中“This class is 100% hands-on and very active. Everything your kids learn, they will do—no indoor classrooms or long lectures.(这门课是100%的实践性的，非常活跃。你的孩子学的所有东西，他们都会去做——没有室内教室，也没有长时间的讲座)”可知，夏令营班的特别之处在于是基于亲身练习来学习的。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Extra information部分中“* Add shuttle(班车) ride to/from downtown Santa Cruz for $160($40 per day) (增加往返Santa Cruz的班车，费用为160美元，每天40美元)”可知，提供到Santa Cruz的班车服务。故选B。
B
Looking at her father leading the opposing team, Morgan Hale felt that moment might be the biggest accomplishment of her career as head coach of Miller’s girls basketball team. Morgan’s life revolved around basketball as daughter to the head coach, Stephen Hale. After playing in high school, Morgan went on to play for Arlington Baptist University, where she pursued nursing but eventually returned to follow her father’s footsteps into a career in education.
“Originally I saw how many hours he had to put in and I thought I wouldn’t go into teaching and coaching, so I started school to be a nurse.Finally my dad’s passion inspired me.He emphasized the career in education isn’t right for everyone, but the benefits are immeasurable.” Morgan said. “If you go into this, the pay is not always great but the benefits of seeing kids succeed and things of that nature are very rewarding,” Stephen said. “You can’t put a price tag on that.”
Though father and daughter share their coaching secrets throughout the day, back home the conversation continues. Morgan said. “Definitely how I run my basketball program comes from my dad. Everything from techniques, philosophy, to sports spirit and the culture of how he ran his team.”
After a practice game early in the season, the father and daughter won’t be playing against each other again, but their teams look forward to the next match. “We didn’t keep score so we don’t know who would have won,” Morgan said. “But I definitely told my team don’t go easy on them just because it’s my dad. The coolest thing I’ve ever done in basketball is to play against him.”
24. How did Morgan feel about playing against her father’s team?
A. Worried. B. Guilty. C. Annoyed. D. Proud.
25. Why did Morgan Hale choose a career in education?
A. To coach basketball at Miller.
B. To play against her dad’s team.
C. To follow what her dad did.
D. To watch her dad play basketball.
26. What is the father’s opinion of the career in education?
A. It can be measured. B. It’s well rewarded.
C. It is a tiring job. D. It is a bad choice.
27. Which can best describe Morgan’s father?
A. Honest and diligent. B. Caring and ambitious.
C. Devoted and professional. D. Demanding and humorous.
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了摩根受父亲影响从事篮球教练事业，并致力于从事篮球教练事业的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Looking at her father leading the opposing team, Morgan Hale felt that moment might be the biggest accomplishment of her career as head coach of Miller’s girls basketball team.(看着父亲带领对方球队，摩根·黑尔觉得这一刻可能是她作为米勒女子篮球队主教练职业生涯中最大的成就)”可知，此处表示摩根很骄傲能与她父亲的球队比赛。故选D项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“but eventually returned to follow her father’s footsteps into a career in education.(但最终还是回到了父亲足迹，从事教育事业)”可知，摩根·黑尔选择教育事业是跟随父亲的足迹。故选C项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“He emphasized the career in education isn’t right for everyone, but the benefits are immeasurable.(他强调教育事业并不适合每个人，但其好处是不可估量的)”以及“If you go into this, the pay is not always great but the benefits of seeing kids succeed and things of that nature are very rewarding(如果你这样做，报酬并不总是很高，但看到孩子们成功的好处和他们的天性是非常值得的)”可知，父亲认为教育事业是值得的。故选B项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Though father and daughter share their coaching secrets throughout the day, back home the conversation continues.(尽管父亲和女儿整天都在分享他们的教练秘诀，但回到家里，谈话仍在继续)”说明父亲很敬业。根据“Definitely how I run my basketball program comes from my dad. Everything from techniques, philosophy, to sports spirit and the culture of how he ran his team(我的篮球计划是由我爸爸决定的。从技术、哲学到体育精神，再到他管理团队的文化)”可知，摩根的父亲是专业的教练。故选C项。
C
A couple of years ago, Ashok Goel was overwhelmed by the number of questions his students were asking in his course on artificial intelligence. Goel teaches computer science at Georgia Tech, sometimes to large classes, where students can ask thousands of questions online in a discussion forum. Professor Goel already had eight teaching assistants, but that wasn’t enough to deal with the increasing number of daily questions from students.
When students feel confused and reach out with questions that go unanswered, their motivation to continue begins to fade. Professor Goel decided to do something to improve this situation and his solution was to create a virtual assistant named Jill Watson, which is based on the IBM Watson platform.
Goel and his team developed several versions of Jill Watson before releasing her to the online forums. At first, the virtual assistant wasn’t too great. But Goel and his team sourced the online discussion forum to find all the 40, 000 questions that had ever been asked since the class was launched. Then they began to feed Jill with the questions and answers. After some adjustments and enough time, Jill was able to answer the students’ questions correctly 97% of the time. The virtual assistant became so advanced and realistic that the students didn’t know she was a computer. The students, who were studying artificial intelligence, were interacting with the virtual assistant and couldn’t tell it apart from a real human being. Goel didn’t inform them about Jill’s true identity until April 26. The students were actually very positive about the experience.
The goal of Professor Goel’s virtual assistant next year is to take over answering 40% of all the questions presented by students on the online forum. The name Jill Watson will of course, change to something else next semester. Professor Goel has a rosy outlook on the future of artificial intelligence, believing it will be widely applied.
28. What did Professor Goel find in the online course?
A. The course was too difficult for students. B. Most students dropped out of his course.
C. Students’ questions were too many to handle. D. Assistants’ capacity made students unsatisfied.
29. What can be inferred about Jill Watson?
A. She was easily identified as an AI. B. She turned out to be a great success.
C. She was released online as the first version. D. She could answer all the questions correctly.
30. Which is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “rosy” in Paragraph 4?
A. Hopeful. B. Sensitive. C. Adventurous. D. Cautious.
31. What is the main idea of the text?
A. An online computer course benefits students. B. An Al team develops online discussion forums.
C. A knowledgeable AI assists in online education. D. A new outlook promises online AI development.
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了应对学生们日益增多的日常问题，Ashok Goel教授创建了一个名为Jill Watson的虚拟助理，并且取得了成功，学生们对这次经历非常积极。Goel教授对人工智能的未来持乐观态度，认为它将被广泛应用。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Goel teaches computer science at Georgia Tech, sometimes to large classes, where students can ask thousands of questions online in a discussion forum. Professor Goel already had eight teaching assistants, but that wasn’t enough to deal with the increasing number of daily questions from students.( Goel在佐治亚理工学院教授计算机科学，有时在大班授课，学生可以在论坛上在线提问数千个问题。Goel教授已经有了8名助教，但这还不足以应付学生们日益增多的日常问题)”可知，Goel教授在网络课程中发现学生的问题太多了。故选C。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“After some adjustments and enough time, Jill was able to answer the students’ questions correctly 97% of the time. The virtual assistant became so advanced and realistic that the students didn’t know she was a computer. The students, who were studying artificial intelligence, were interacting with the virtual assistant and couldn’t tell it apart from a real human being. Goel didn’t inform them about Jill’s true identity until April 26. The students were actually very positive about the experience.(经过一些调整和足够的时间，Jill能够回答学生的问题的正确率为97%。虚拟助理变得如此先进和现实，以至于学生们都不知道她是一台电脑。 学生们正在学习人工智能，他们与虚拟助手互动，无法区分它和真实的人。戈埃尔直到4月26日才告诉他们Jill的真实身份。学生们对这次经历非常积极)”可知，Jill Watson被证明很成功。故选B。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“outlook on the future of artificial intelligence, believing it will be widely applied”可知，Goel教授认为人工智能将被广泛应用，可见他认为人工智能的未来是有希望的。故画线词意思是“有希望的”。A. Hopeful.有希望的；B. Sensitive.敏感的；C. Adventurous.冒险的；D. Cautious.谨慎的。故选A。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Professor Goel decided to do something to improve this situation and his solution was to create a virtual assistant named Jill Watson, which is based on the IBM Watson platform.(Goel教授决定做些事情来改善这种情况，他的解决方案是创建一个名为Jill Watson的虚拟助理，该虚拟助理基于IBM Watson平台)”结合文章主要说明了为了应对学生们日益增多的日常问题，Ashok Goel教授创建了一个名为Jill Watson的虚拟助理，并且取得了成功，学生们对这次经历非常积极。Goel教授对人工智能的未来持乐观态度，认为它将被广泛应用。可知，这篇文章的主旨是知识渊博的人工智能帮助在线教育。故选C。
D
Imagine you made plans with a new friend to talk on the phone. You called but there was no answer-and you didn’t get a call back. What happened? Perhaps they got held up by a work obligation. Perhaps they didn’t want to meet but didn’t bother to cancel. Or perhaps they had a busy week and simply forgot to write down your appointment time.
In social situations like this, our minds can produce various explanations, ranging from ones that are more understanding to ones that put blame to the other party. Psychologists refer to this as our attributional style. Past research has found that individuals with a “hostile” attributional style tend to be less satisfied with their relationships.
According to a new study, they’re also less happy overall. The researchers can’t say for sure whether seeing people as hostile directly lowers our happiness, or whether unhappy people are just more likely to make hostile attribution in the first place. However, this study does suggest the possibility that giving people the benefit of the doubt is a practice to improve our relationships and well-being.
Dorota Jasielska, lead researcher of the study, suggests that we start by developing positive and trusting social relationships. When we find ourselves surrounded by warmth and support, it can help us see the social world in a kinder light. Another important strategy is to have open and direct communication. Instead of letting your anxieties get worse, it may be better to simply talk to people about their confusing behavior.
So the next time a friend cancels plans or forgets to text back, consider giving him the benefit of the doubt and waiting to hear his side of things before jumping to conclusions. Assuming others have good intentions will make the world seem like a friendlier place.
32. How does the author introduce the topic of the text?
A. By giving an example. B. By asking a question.
C. By giving a definition. D. By telling a story.
33. What is the attributional style?
A. To show an understanding of one’s mistake. B. To imagine a particular social situation.
C. To find out the cause of social phenomena. D. To make assumptions on uncertain things.
34. What can make us happier according to the study?
A. Finding common interests with others. B. Making positive excuses for others.
C. Improving social communication. D. Being friendly to others.
35. What do the last two paragraphs mainly talk about?
A. Importance of reaching out and making friends. B. Strategies for having effective communication.
C. Advice on handling confusing social behavior. D. Methods for improving our social relationships.
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在一些令人困惑的社交行为中，我们的大脑可以提供多种解释，从善意的解释到指责对方的解释。心理学家称之为归因风格。过去的研究发现，具有敌意归因风格的人——即倾向于认为别人的行为是出于恶意的人——往往对他们的人际关系不太满意。文章介绍了研究的开展过程和发现，建议我们用积极的眼光来揣测他人。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Imagine you made plans with a new friend to talk on the phone. You called but there was no answer-and you didn’t get a call back. What happened? Perhaps they got held up by a work obligation. Perhaps they didn’t want to meet but didn’t bother to cancel. Or perhaps they had a busy week and simply forgot to write down your appointment time.(想象一下，你计划和一位新朋友在电话里聊天。你打了电话但没人接，也没人回你电话。发生了什么事？也许他们是被工作耽搁了。也许他们并不想见面，但也不想取消。或者他们这一周很忙，只是忘了记下你的预约时间)”以及第二段“In social situations like this, our minds can produce various explanations, ranging from ones that are more understanding to ones that put blame to the other party. Psychologists refer to this as our attributional style. Past research has found that individuals with a “hostile” attributional style tend to be less satisfied with their relationships.(在这样的社交场合中，我们的大脑可以产生各种各样的解释，从更容易理解的解释到指责对方的解释。心理学家称之为归因风格。过去的研究发现，具有“敌意”归因风格的人往往对他们的关系不太满意)”可推知，作者通过举例来引入文章主题。故选A。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In social situations like this, our minds can produce various explanations, ranging from ones that are more understanding to ones that put blame to the other party. Psychologists refer to this as our attributional style. (在这样的社交场合中，我们的大脑可以产生各种各样的解释，从更容易理解的解释到指责对方的解释。心理学家称之为归因风格)”可知，归因风格是指对不确定的事情做假设。故选D。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“However, this study does suggest the possibility that giving people the benefit of the doubt is a practice to improve our relationships and well-being. (然而，这项研究确实表明，给予人们善意的猜测可以改善我们的关系和促进幸福)”可知，根据这项研究，善意猜测他人能让我们更快乐。故选B。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Dorota Jasielska, lead researcher of the study, suggests that we start by developing positive and trusting social relationships. When we find ourselves surrounded by warmth and support, it can help us see the social world in a kinder light. Another important strategy is to have open and direct communication. Instead of letting your anxieties get worse, it may be better to simply talk to people about their confusing behavior.(该研究的首席研究员Dorota Jasielska建议，我们应该从发展积极和信任的社会关系开始。当我们发现自己被温暖和支持包围时，它可以帮助我们以一种更友善的眼光看待这个社会。另一个重要的策略是开诚布公地交流。与其让你的焦虑加剧，不如直接和人们谈谈他们困惑的行为)”以及后文“So the next time a friend cancels plans or forgets to text back, consider giving him the benefit of the doubt and waiting to hear his side of things before jumping to conclusions. Assuming others have good intentions will make the world seem like a friendlier place.(所以，下一次朋友取消计划或忘记回复短信时，考虑先假定他是无辜的，等着听他怎么说，再下结论。假设别人的意图是好的，会让世界看起来更友好)”可知，最后两段主要讲了处理令人困惑的社会行为的建议。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many students study with little thought about what comes after their study session. ____36____. Now we will explore some no-cost ways that can help you improve your learning.
____37____. Perhaps they look at their phone or computer. They might even play a video game or watch television. But research suggests that resting after you study may help you remember what you studies.
A study published in the journal PLOS One examined how well older people who were in good health could remember certain words. In two different experiments, researchers found that older adults who rested for 10 minutes after learning new words had better memory of those words. “A period of wakeful rest immediately after new learning increases free recall of verbal material,” the researchers wrote. “____38____.”
In addition to wakeful rest, sleep is also important for learning. A report on the website of Harvard Medical School explains that a person lacking sleep cannot focus attention and therefore cannot learn efficiently. ____39____. That is essential for learning new information.
Robert Stickgold is a doctor and sleep expert at Harvard Medical School. “____40____.” he said. “When we first form memories, they’re in a very raw and fragile form. Sleep is important for forming memories.” Stickgold suggested that adults between the ages of 18 and 64 get between 7 and 9 hours of sleep per day. Teenagers may need slightly more, and people over the age of 65 may need a little less.
A. New memories can be hard to keep
B. The results were strong even after seven days
C. Now you have two suggestions for how to learn new information
D. Many students often go straight to another activity after finishing study
E. By reducing your activity after study, your brain gets a chance to rest
F. It also says sleep itself has a role in strengthening memory
G. But what you do after studying could have an effect on how well you learn
【答案】36. G 37. D 38. B 39. F 40. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了两种在学习之余巩固学习成果的方法：清醒的休息和睡眠。
【36题详解】
上文“Many students study with little thought about what comes after their study session.”（许多学生学习时很少考虑课后会发生什么）说明很多学生不考虑课后的问题，以及下文“Now we will explore some no-cost ways that can help you improve your learning.”（现在我们将探索一些可以帮助你提高学习的免费方法。）说明将为学生提供提高学习的方法，设空处承上启下，应说明学习后所做的事情可能会影响学习，G项“但是你在学习后做的事情可能会影响你的学习效果”符合题意。故选G。
【37题详解】
下文“Perhaps they look at their phone or computer. They might even play a video game or watch television.”(他们可能会看手机或电脑，甚至也可能玩视频游戏或看电视。)说明学生完成学习之后可能会做的事情，D项中another activity是关键词，说明学生所做的活动，D项“许多学生通常在完成学业后直接参加另一项活动”符合题意。故选D。
【38题详解】
上文““A period of wakeful rest immediately after new learning increases free recall of verbal material,” the researchers wrote.”(研究人员写到“学习新知识后，立即进行一段清醒的休息可以增加对语言材料的自由回忆。”)说明清醒的休息会产生好的效果，增加对语言材料的自由回忆，B项“即使在七天后，结果仍然很明显”进一步说明效果，符合题意。故选B。
【39题详解】
上文“A report on the website of Harvard Medical School explains that a person lacking sleep cannot focus attention and therefore cannot learn efficiently.”(在哈佛医站上的一篇报道称，一个缺乏睡眠的人不能集中注意力，因此也不能高效地学习。)说明缺乏睡眠不利于学习，空处应继续说明睡眠对于学习的影响，F项中sleep是关键词，说明睡眠对增强记忆方面有作用，F项“它还说睡眠本身在增强记忆方面也有作用”符合题意。故选F。
【40题详解】
下文“When we first form memories, they’re in a very raw and fragile form.”(当我们最初形成记忆时，它们是非常原始和脆弱的)说明最初形成的记忆是不容易保留的， A项“新的记忆可能很难保持”符合题意。故选A。
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从41—55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Cassidy and his friends were waiting for other members of their running group. They met___41___ every Thursday but on this day last January, it would not be their ___42___ run.
The first ___43___ that something was unusual was the man who ran ___44___ past them.
“Running at such a fast pace,” Cassidy said to his friends in___45___.
Cassidy ___46___ why the man was so swift when another man ran by, ___47___, “Help! He took my phone!”
At that, they ran, tracking the ___48___ down the streets ___49___ he disappeared in a construction site. Cassidy ran around to the far side of the site to cut the thief off while the others ______50______ the neighborhood hoping he had thrown away the phone in a backyard.
No ______51______ So they decided to ask the citizens whether they’d seen the guy. They knocked on one door after another. To their ______52______, as one owner opened the door, the suspect rushed out and right ______53______ the arms of the police, who’d already joined the search.
“Running is typically a useless sport where you turn fat cells into heat, but occasionally it can be______54______,” Cassidy told the Philadelphia Inquirer, “and here was one of those ______55______.”
41 A. roughly B. eventually C. regularly D. curiously
42. A. exhausting B. flexible C. normal D. safe
43 A. clue B. sight C. risk D. decision
44. A. slowly B. desperately C. steadily D. aimlessly
45. A. panic B. admiration C. relief D. anger
46. A. tried out B. let out C. picked out D. figured out
47. A. adding B. complaining C. whispering D. screaming
48. A. member B. athlete C. suspect D. colleague
49. A. after B. until C. as D. whether
50. A. searched B. served C. warned D. harmed
51. A. luck B. doubt C. way D. wonder
52. A. sorrow B. surprise C. embarrassment D. disappointment
53. A. over B. through C. off D. into
54. A. useful B. useless C. tiring D. tough
55. A. purposes B. opportunities C. plans D. tricks
【答案】41. C 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. D 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. A 51. A 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了Cassidy和他跑步俱乐部的其他成员抓小偷的故事。卡西迪用这个故事来表明跑步有时候是很有用的一件事。
【41题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们定在每个星期四见面，但是在去年一月份的这一天，他们的跑步活动和平常是不同的。A. roughly粗略地；B. eventually最终地；C. regularly定期地；D. curiously 好奇地。由“Cassidy and his friends were waiting for other members of their running group.”以及“They met every Thursday.”可知，他们是“定期”见面进行跑步活动的。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们定在每个星期四见面，但是在去年一月份的这一天，他们的跑步活动和平常是不同的。A. exhausting令人疲倦的；B. flexible灵活的；C. normal正常的；D. safe安全的。由上一题的分析可知，他们定期进行跑步活动。but一词表示转折，说明这一天的跑步活动与平时不一样，normal形容人或物“符合常态或常规”。“...it would not be their normal run.”意为“这一天的跑步活动与平时不一样”。因此选择normal合乎语境。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一个不寻常的线索是那个拼命跑过去的人。A. clue线索；B. sight视觉；C. risk风险；D. decision决定。这一天的跑步活动与平时不一样，这说明“那个拼命跑过去的人”是一个线索。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：第一个不寻常的线索是那个拼命地跑过去的人。A. slowly慢慢地；B. desperately渴望地；C. steadily稳定地；D. aimlessly没有目标地。由下文的“Running at such a fast pace”可知，那个人跑得特别快，选择desperately合乎语境。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Cassidy钦佩地对他的朋友说：“步伐如此之快”。A. panic惊慌；B. admiration羡慕，欣赏；C. relief慰藉；D. anger愤怒。由“Running at such a fast pace”可知，他很羡慕那个人跑得快。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Cassidy弄清楚了那个人为什么跑得那么快，他的身后另一个男人跑了过去并大喊：“帮我抓住他！他拿走了我的电话！”。A. tried out尝试；B. let out发出；C. picked out挑选；D. figured out弄清楚。由下一题的分析可知，Cassidy弄清楚了跑得快的那个人是因为拿了别人的手机被主人追赶所致。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Cassidy弄清楚了那个人为什么跑得那么快，他的身后另一个男人跑了过去并大喊：“帮我抓住他！他拿走了我的电话！”。A. adding增加；B. complaining抱怨；C. whispering低声说；D. screaming尖叫，拼命叫喊。由“Help! He took my phone!”可知，手机的主人在“叫喊”请求帮助。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时，他们跑了过去沿着街追赶嫌疑人，直到他消失在建筑工地。A. member会员；B. athlete运动员；C. suspect嫌疑犯；D. colleague同事。由下文的“To their 12 ,as one owner opened the door, the suspect rushed out”可知，拿走手机的那个人是嫌疑犯。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查连接词辨析。句意：那时，他们跑了过去沿着街追赶嫌疑人，直到他消失在建筑工地。A. after在……之后；B. until直到；C. as当……时候；D. whether是否。大家加入到追赶的行列中去，直到嫌疑犯跑得不见了踪影，选择until合乎语境。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Cassidy跑到远处切断小偷的去路而其他人则搜寻附近的地方，大家希望小偷把电话丢在后院。A. searched寻找；B. served服务；C. warned警告；D. harmed危害。Cassidy将路的一头堵住，其他人继续寻找小偷。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：运气不好，他们没能抓住小偷，所以他们决定问市民是否见过这个家伙。A. luck运气；B. doubt怀疑；C. way方式；D. wonder奇迹。由“So they decided to ask the citizens whether they’d seen the guy.”可知，大家没能追上小偷。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他们惊讶的是，当一个房主打开门时，犯罪嫌疑人冲了出来，正好撞进了已经加入搜查的警察的怀抱中。A. sorrow悲伤；B. surprise惊讶；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. disappointment失望。由“as one owner opened the door, the suspect rushed out”可知，大家当时一定会很惊讶的。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：令他们惊讶的是，当一个房主打开门时，犯罪嫌疑人冲了出来，正好撞进了已经加入搜查的警察的怀抱中。A. over超过；B. through通过；C. off离开；D. into进入。run into the arms“撞进某人的怀抱”符合语境。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Cassidy告诉《费城问询报》的记者：“跑步通常是一种无用的运动，它将脂肪细胞转化为热量，但偶尔也会有用”。A. useful有用的；B. useless无用的；C. tiring令人厌倦的；D. tough困难的。逗号前面的句子讲的是跑步无用，通过but一词的转折可知，后面应该说跑步是有用的。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Cassidy告诉《费城问询报》的记者：“这就是其中一个机会”。A. purposes目的；B. opportunities机会；C. plans计划；D. tricks诡计。Cassidy和其他人帮忙抓小偷是跑步有用武之地的一个机会。故选B。
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面材料、在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nikhil Kumar is one of the best young table tennis _______56_______(player)in the United States. Less than a month after Kumar won the right _______57_______(compete)in them,the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games _______58_______(put)off until 2021. Like so many other Olympic athletes, he is now trying to stay sharp and in shape.
_______59_______is different are all the details of his training. All things considered, he says, everything seems to be working. “For my sport, a little lucky that we’re able to have everything indoors, and it’s not taking up too much space and everything,” Kumar said. “Not many sports are as lucky as ours are right now, to be able to have the opportunity to continue playing _______60_______a daily basis.”
The coronavirus pandemic(新冠病毒)has forced many athletes to be _______61_______(create)as they try to continue their training. But in some Olympic sports, working from home is fairly common. Kumar has been able to play table tennis with a robot _______62_______shoots balls at him.
Many competitors are facing tough issues during the pandemic. _______63_______, some have been lucky. Weightlifter Kate Nye trains at home in her garage. She said, “Everything kind of started shutting down, which _______64_______(affect)our lives in other ways—but weightlifting wasn’t one of them. I’ve just been going as_______65_______(plan).”
【答案】56. players
57. to compete
58. was put
59. What 60. on
61. creative
62. whichthat
63. However
64. affected
65. planned
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国最优秀的年轻乒乓球运动员之一的Nikhil Kumar，如今因为2020年东京奥运会被推迟，正努力保持敏锐和良好的状态。文章主要说明了他训练细节的不同之处，以及冠状病毒大流行病迫使许多运动员在继续训练的过程中发挥创造性。
【56题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：Nikhil Kumar是美国最好的年轻乒乓球运动员之一。“one of”后应跟名词的复数，因此空格处是复数players。故填players。
【57题详解】
考查不定式。句意：在库马尔获得奥运会参赛权不到一个月后，2020年东京奥运会被推迟到2021年。the right to do是固定用法，意为“做某事的权利”，因此空格处是不定式to compete，作后置定语，故填to compete。
【58题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：在库马尔获得奥运会参赛权不到一个月后，2020年东京奥运会被推迟到2021年。东京奥运会是被推迟，句子用被动语态，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，即was/were done，主语“the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games”是单数，因此空格处是was put。故填was put。
【59题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：不同的是他所有的训练细节。分析可知，空格处引导的是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，句子表示“不同的东西是他所有的训练细节”，因此空格处用what引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填What。
【60题详解】
考查介词。句意：库马尔说:“没有多少体育项目像我们现在这样幸运，能够有机会继续每天比赛。”，空格处短语意为“每天”，是固定短语on a daily basis ，故填on。
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意：冠状病毒大流行迫使许多运动员在试图继续训练时发挥创造力。空格处用形容词作表语，create的形容词是creative，意为“有创造力的”，故填creative。
【62题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：库马尔可以和一个向他射击的机器人打乒乓球。先行词是robot，后面是限定性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，用which或that指代先行词robot，作主语，故填which或that。
【63题详解】
考查副词。句意：在大流行期间，很多竞争者们都面临着问题，然而一些竞争者们很幸运。由“Many competitors are facing issues during the pandemic”和“some competitors have been lucky”可知，前后是转折关系，逗号前，用however表转折，位于句首，首字母大写，故填However。
【64题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：她说：“一切都开始停止，它以其他方式影响我们的生活，但举重不在其中。非限制性定语从句中，主语which后缺少谓语动词，根据started可知，是一般过去时，故填affected。
【65题详解】
考查过去分词和省略。句意：我只是按计划行事。根据语境可知，句子表示“我只是按计划行事”，表示“按计划”的短语为as planned=as it was planned，“as+过去分词”这一特殊结构，相当于as it is/was done，是状语从句的一种省略，故填planned。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华, 你校将举办以“急救”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿, 内容包括:
1·急救的意义（挽救生命, 减轻痛苦等）；
2. 呼吁学习急救知识。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Good morning!
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
【答案】 Good morning!
It is important for us to 1earn some knowledge about first aid in our daily life. If a person has an accident, he needs medical care before a doctor can be found. Therefore, it is necessary that we
know how to give the wounded proper first aid measures. Knowing knowledge about first aid will help us make good judgments. With the help of correct first aid measures, we can alleviate the
sufferings of the patient. What’s far more important is that we can reduce the possibility of disability and save lives.
Life is precious. To save lives, everybody should know some first aid for a rainy day.
Thank you!
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇关于“急救”的演讲稿，向听众传达急救的意义和呼吁大家学习急救知识。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1.点明演讲的主题-学习急救的知识的目的和意义
2.急救的意义
1）可以在第一时间做出正确的判断，科学施救；
2）在医生到来前可以减轻病人的痛苦；
3) 正确的急救能减少伤残，挽救病人的生命。
3.呼吁大家学习急救知识
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）first aid; medical care;good judgment;alleviate the sufferings;reduce the possibility of disability; save lives;a rainy day
第三步：连词成句
1.It is important for us to 1earn some knowledge about first aid in our daily 1ife.
2.Therefore, it is necessary that we know how to give the wounded proper first aid measures.
3.Knowing knowledge about first aid will help us make good judgments.
4.We can alleviate the sufferings of the patient.
5.We can reduce the possibility of disability and save lives.
6.To save lives, everybody should know some first aid for a rainy day.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last（供参考）
2.表并列补充关系：What is far more important
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… （供参考）
4.表因果关系：Therefore
【点睛】[高分句型1]If a person has an accident, he needs medical care before a doctor can be found.(if引导的条件状语从句)
[高分句型2]What’s far more important is that we can reduce the possibility of disability and save lives.（that引导的表语从句）
[高分句型3]To save lives, everybody should know some first aid for a rainy day.（不定式做结果状语）
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Little Tom was a nine years old boy who always behaved ill. When he saw a person passing by in front of him, he would make fun of him and even throw stones at him. He thought it was fun.
One afternoon, when little Tom was on the way home after school, a stranger passed through the village. His dress was plain and somewhat old, but neat and clean. He carried a luggage in his hand, and he wore a black hat. As soon as he saw the stranger, Tom whispered to his playmates, “Now for some fun!” He then silently went toward the stranger from behind, knocked off his hat and ran away. The man turned and saw him, but Tom was out of hearing before he could speak. The stranger put on his hat, and went on his way. Again did Tom approach, but this time, the man caught him by the arm. However, he just looked at the boy for a moment in the face, and then pushed him from him. No sooner did the naughty boy find himself free again than he began to pelt the stranger with dirt and stones. Accidentally, a stone hit the man on the head and he was badly hurt. All the boys now ran away, and Tom ran across the fields to his home, feeling frightened.
Before he entered his house, his sister Rose came out to meet him, with a beautiful toy and some new books in her hands. She told Tom excitedly that their uncle, who had been away for several years, had come home, and was now in the house; that he had brought beautiful presents for the whole family; and walked on foot, so as to surprise his brother, their father.
Paragraph1
Rose told him that their uncle was hurt because a stone hit his head.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph2
When he saw Tom, his uncle couldn’t believe his eyes.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Rose told him that their uncle was hurt because a stone hit his head. On hearing this, Tom felt that it was the end of the world. He didn’t dare to enter the house, feeling the house wasn’t warm as usual. Just at the moment, he heard his father calling him to come in. His face turned pale when he drew his legs to the door, thinking that how wonderful if time stopped. Slowly he approached the door handle with his trembling hands. Then he heard his mother’s words, “Hurry, Tom！See this beautiful watch and these books your uncle has bought for you.” Little Rose held his arm and pulled him into the house.
When he saw Tom, his uncle couldn’t believe his eyes. He shouted, “He is the boy who threw stones and hit me on the head.” What a sense of shame did Tom feel now. He lowered his head and said sorry with tears in his eyes. To make up his bad deed, Tom asked for a chance to take care of his uncle before he recovered. His uncle chose to forgive him. But his father was so angry that he wouldn’t permit Tom to have the presents his uncle had bought for him before he got rid of the bad manners. Seeing his uncle’s head, Tom realized how awful he was. He promised that he wouldn’t do such things again. He never forgot this lesson so long as he lived.
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了淘气的汤姆用石头袭击了经过村子的陌生人，回家后却发现这个陌生人居然是他多年不见的叔叔。汤姆的行为让所有人都感到生气，但他最后认识到了自己的错误，得到叔叔的原谅，接受了父亲的惩罚，并下定决心改过自新。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“罗斯告诉他，他们的叔叔受伤了，因为一块石头打中了他的头。”可知，第一段可描写汤姆发现他袭击的陌生人居然是他多年不见的叔叔后发生的事情。
②由第二段首句内容“当他看到汤姆时，他的叔叔不敢相信自己的眼睛。”可知，第二段可描写叔叔认出汤姆就是袭击他的坏孩子后家里人的反应以及对汤姆的处理办法。
2.续写线索：知道陌生人是叔叔——感到害怕不敢进门——叔叔认出汤姆——汤姆承认错误——得到原谅——接受惩罚——决心改过自新
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.把颤抖的手伸向门把：approached the door handle with his trembling hands / reach the door handle with his shaking hands
②.抓住他的手臂：held his arm / grasp his arm
③.大叫，大声说：shouted /yell/scream
情绪类
①.羞耻：a sense of shame/shameful
②.糟糕的，可怕的：awful/terrible
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Rose told him that their uncle was hurt because a stone hit his head.（that引导的宾语从句和because引导的原因状语从句）
[高分句型2]. His face turned pale when he drew his legs to the door, thinking that how wonderful if time stopped.（when引导的时间状语从句、现在分词作伴随状语和if引导的条件状语从句）
[高分句型3]. But his father was so angry that he wouldn’t permit Tom to have the presents his uncle had bought for him before he got rid of the bad manners.（so...that引导的结果状语从句、省略关系代词的定语从句和before引导的时间状语从句）
临沂一中2021级高二上学期期末检测
英语试题
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man want to buy?
A. A suit. B. A shirt. C. A tie.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Are you going shopping?
M: Yes, I need some clothes for Alison’s wedding next week.
W: Aren’t you going to wear your blue suit?
M: Yes, but my white shirt looks very old, and it doesn’t look good with my tie. I think I need a new one.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man think of the boy?
A. He is a perfect student.
B. He is indifferent to everyone.
C. He is very different from his sisters.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: That’s the boy that started the fight in the school the other day.
M: His two sisters are in my math class. They are perfect students. He’s an exception.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which part of the house has been repaired?
A. The roof. B. The walls. C. The doors.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Is your house warmer since you had your roof repaired?
M: Yes. But the walls are very thin. It’s still a little cold even with all the doors closed.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a library. B. In a hotel. C. In a restaurant.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: OK, this is the key to your room. Remember that book you left at the front desk.
M: What time is breakfast served?
W: It’s from 7:00 until 10:00.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Wait patiently. B. Tighten her seatbelt. C. Go to the bathroom.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Are we there yet? I really need to go to the bathroom.
M: I’d say we’re about 10 minutes away. Just sit tight and try to relax.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What is the man complaining about?
A. He didn’t get enough sleep.
B. His homework is difficult.
C. There is too much noise.
7. How does the woman feel?
A. Apologetic. B. Indifferent. C. Angry.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: How can I do my homework? My brother is playing loud music, the TV is on and somebody is drilling the road outside.
W: Is the work hard?
M: I don’t know. How can I concentrate on it? Do I have to wait until you have all gone to sleep?
W: I’m sorry. I’ll turn off the TV and I’m sure your brother will be happy to do the same with his music.
M: Thanks. It’s really important that I get this work done and for that I need peace and quiet.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. When did the woman first see the man?
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening.
9. What is the man doing?
A. Cooking. B. Fishing. C. Walking.
10. What will the woman do next?
A. Buy some fish. B. Cook dinner. C. Have a conversation.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Good evening.
W: Hello, are you still here? It was 7:00 a.m. the first time I saw you. I was on my walk.
M: Yes, I’ve had a good long day.
W: I hope you’ve managed to catch some fish in all that time.
M: It’s not been too bad. I’ve got six big ones and four smaller ones. I had a really big one on the line but it got free.
W: Everyone who goes fishing has come across this. What will you do with your catch?
M: I’ll cook one for dinner tonight and freeze the rest.
W: Oh, lovely. I’m just about to cook dinner myself.
M: Would you like a fish?
W: Oh, I couldn’t.
M: Please. There are too many for me.
W: Thank you. That is so kind of you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What color is the man’s hair now?
A. White. B. Black. C. Brown.
12. What is the man’s earliest memory?
A. Being in a pool. B. Playing with cars. C. Being on a swing.
13. How old is the man?
A. Fifteen. B. Eighteen. C. Twenty-one.
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. B
【解析】
【原文】W: I’ve just been to see your sister’s baby girl. She’s growing fast with lovely black hair.
M: What was I like as a baby, Mom?
W: Oh, you were a cute little thing, with lots of white hair as you grew up.
M: White hair? Really?
W: Yes, it only turned brown when you were about six years old. And you were so well-behaved. Not like your brother and sister.
M: I can’t imagine my sister being bad.
W: Well, not very bad. Just a little, maybe.
M: I don’t remember that. I can remember her pushing me on a swing and playing with my toy cars. But the first thing I recall is being with her in a plastic pool.
W: Oh, yes, you used to love sitting in that pool on hot summer days.
M: I can’t get over the fact that I had white hair until I was six. That means I had it for a third of my life.
W: People used to stop me in the street, just so that they could have a look at you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Why was the new piece of furniture so cheap?
A. It was very dirty.
B. All the legs were weak.
C. The back had a small problem.
15. What color is the old sofa?
A. Yellow. B. Green. C. White.
16. What does the man say about the woman?
A. She is not very neat.
B. She doesn`t like the white color.
C. She often finds things at discounted prices.
【答案】14. C 15. C 16. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Where do you think the sofa should go?
M: Put it against the wall. It’s good we painted the wall yellow. It goes well with the green sofa.
W: Yes, you’re right, as always. And you always find the best deals. I still can’t believe that we got this sofa at such a low price!
M: I know, and all because there’s that tiny hole in the back. How lucky!
W: Yes, you found it at the perfect time too. Our old one was really falling apart. I think all four legs were about to break. I was afraid to sit on it.
M: And it was covered in spots from your drink! You’re messier than a schoolchild. I’m never buying white furniture again.
W: I promise I’ll be really careful with this new one. I won’t have anything but water around it
M: You’d better not, or else I’ll have to buy another sofa just for you.
W: Hey, I’m not that messy!
M: OK, let’s just see how our living room looks in a week and I’ll tell you if you’re messy or not.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. When did the South Africa become independent?
A. In 1902. B. In 1916. C. In 1961.
18. What is the speaker’s racial background?
A. Native African.
B. A mix of different groups.
C. Half Dutch and half English.
19. What was described as the most important destination in Cape Town?
A. Table Mountain.
B. The Cape of Good Hope.
C. The Nelson Mandela Museum.
20. What will the speaker probably do with the listeners first?
A. Tour the city. B. Go to a hotel. C. Hike a mountain.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m Nigel. Welcome to Cape Town, South Africa— I can’t wait to show you around. It might be your first time in Africa, so let me clear up some common questions. First, of course, not everyone who lives in Africa has dark skin. This land was explored and populated by groups from Europe and Asia from around 1400 -1800 A.D. After that, it was controlled by the Dutch until a war in 1902. Finally, the British gave South Africa its independence in 1961.
I happen to be a mix of all these different racial groups, including Asian and native African. Our history has had tension between different groups, so now we celebrate all groups’ equal treatment by honoring Nelson Mandela. He’s the former national leader who brought us together. We’ll learn more about him at his museum, which is the most significant site in the city. We’ll also explore natural landscapes by hiking Table Mountain, seeing penguins in Simon’s Town, and watching waves crash at the Cape of Good Hope. But first, let’s drop your bags at the guest house.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Kids Nature and Survival Camp
Set free your kids’ imagination and spirit of adventure at this camp, as they learn about the natural environment and the important skills of survival.
Activity overview
* 44-day Camp in the Santa Cruz Mountains
* Basic Survival Skills: Shelter, Water, Fire, Food
* Expert Instructors-with a minimum of 10 years of experience
* Set your own custom(定制的) camp date
Details
* The camp will run for 5 hours each day: 9 am-2 pm.
* This class is 100% hands-on and very active. Everything your kids learn, they will do—no indoor classrooms or long lectures.
* Each day will center around one of the 4 main necessities of survival: SHELTER(day 1). WATER(day 2), FIRE(day 3), and FOOD(day 4).
Dates offered
* We offer 1 public camp date each summer for ages 8-12. For 2021, that date is August 5-8(9 am-2 pm each day). To book that date for a child between the ages of 8-12, please click the REGISTER NOW link below.
* We also arrange custom/private camp dates for both kids and teens all year round.
Extra information
* 4-Day Camp: $395
* Add shuttle(班车) ride to/from downtown Santa Cruz for $160($40 per day)
* At this time we do not have shuttle service from the Silicon Valley side of the hill, but we do work to help organize carpools(拼车) from the Los Gatos/Saratoga/Campbell area each year for interested parents.
21. What will kids learn if they join the camp?
A. How to make long lectures. B. How to survive in the wild.
C. How to organize a camp. D. How to improve their imagination.
22. What’s special about the class of camp?
A. It is free for all children. B. Children could learn it online.
C. It is based on practicing in person to learn. D. Kids could hook a public camp date each spring.
23. Which of the following provides shuttle service?
A. Los Gatos. B. Santa Cruz. C. Saratoga. D. Campbell.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则儿童自然和生存夏令营的广告，介绍了夏令营的特色、时间安排等信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Set free your kids’ imagination and spirit of adventure at this camp, as they learn about the natural environment and the important skills of survival.(在这个夏令营中，孩子们可以充分发挥想象力和冒险精神，了解自然环境和重要的生存技能)”可知，如果孩子们参加夏令营，他们会学到如何在野外生存。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Details部分中“This class is 100% hands-on and very active. Everything your kids learn, they will do—no indoor classrooms or long lectures.(这门课是100%的实践性的，非常活跃。你的孩子学的所有东西，他们都会去做——没有室内教室，也没有长时间的讲座)”可知，夏令营班的特别之处在于是基于亲身练习来学习的。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Extra information部分中“* Add shuttle(班车) ride to/from downtown Santa Cruz for $160($40 per day) (增加往返Santa Cruz的班车，费用为160美元，每天40美元)”可知，提供到Santa Cruz的班车服务。故选B。
B
Looking at her father leading the opposing team, Morgan Hale felt that moment might be the biggest accomplishment of her career as head coach of Miller’s girls basketball team. Morgan’s life revolved around basketball as daughter to the head coach, Stephen Hale. After playing in high school, Morgan went on to play for Arlington Baptist University, where she pursued nursing but eventually returned to follow her father’s footsteps into a career in education.
“Originally I saw how many hours he had to put in and I thought I wouldn’t go into teaching and coaching, so I started school to be a nurse.Finally my dad’s passion inspired me.He emphasized the career in education isn’t right for everyone, but the benefits are immeasurable.” Morgan said. “If you go into this, the pay is not always great but the benefits of seeing kids succeed and things of that nature are very rewarding,” Stephen said. “You can’t put a price tag on that.”
Though father and daughter share their coaching secrets throughout the day, back home the conversation continues. Morgan said. “Definitely how I run my basketball program comes from my dad. Everything from techniques, philosophy, to sports spirit and the culture of how he ran his team.”
After a practice game early in the season, the father and daughter won’t be playing against each other again, but their teams look forward to the next match. “We didn’t keep score so we don’t know who would have won,” Morgan said. “But I definitely told my team don’t go easy on them just because it’s my dad. The coolest thing I’ve ever done in basketball is to play against him.”
24. How did Morgan feel about playing against her father’s team?
A. Worried. B. Guilty. C. Annoyed. D. Proud.
25. Why did Morgan Hale choose a career in education?
A. To coach basketball at Miller.
B. To play against her dad’s team.
C. To follow what her dad did.
D. To watch her dad play basketball.
26. What is the father’s opinion of the career in education?
A. It can be measured. B. It’s well rewarded.
C. It is a tiring job. D. It is a bad choice.
27. Which can best describe Morgan’s father?
A. Honest and diligent. B. Caring and ambitious.
C. Devoted and professional. D. Demanding and humorous.
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了摩根受父亲影响从事篮球教练事业，并致力于从事篮球教练事业的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Looking at her father leading the opposing team, Morgan Hale felt that moment might be the biggest accomplishment of her career as head coach of Miller’s girls basketball team.(看着父亲带领对方球队，摩根·黑尔觉得这一刻可能是她作为米勒女子篮球队主教练职业生涯中最大的成就)”可知，此处表示摩根很骄傲能与她父亲的球队比赛。故选D项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“but eventually returned to follow her father’s footsteps into a career in education.(但最终还是回到了父亲足迹，从事教育事业)”可知，摩根·黑尔选择教育事业是跟随父亲的足迹。故选C项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“He emphasized the career in education isn’t right for everyone, but the benefits are immeasurable.(他强调教育事业并不适合每个人，但其好处是不可估量的)”以及“If you go into this, the pay is not always great but the benefits of seeing kids succeed and things of that nature are very rewarding(如果你这样做，报酬并不总是很高，但看到孩子们成功的好处和他们的天性是非常值得的)”可知，父亲认为教育事业是值得的。故选B项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Though father and daughter share their coaching secrets throughout the day, back home the conversation continues.(尽管父亲和女儿整天都在分享他们的教练秘诀，但回到家里，谈话仍在继续)”说明父亲很敬业。根据“Definitely how I run my basketball program comes from my dad. Everything from techniques, philosophy, to sports spirit and the culture of how he ran his team(我的篮球计划是由我爸爸决定的。从技术、哲学到体育精神，再到他管理团队的文化)”可知，摩根的父亲是专业的教练。故选C项。
C
A couple of years ago, Ashok Goel was overwhelmed by the number of questions his students were asking in his course on artificial intelligence. Goel teaches computer science at Georgia Tech, sometimes to large classes, where students can ask thousands of questions online in a discussion forum. Professor Goel already had eight teaching assistants, but that wasn’t enough to deal with the increasing number of daily questions from students.
When students feel confused and reach out with questions that go unanswered, their motivation to continue begins to fade. Professor Goel decided to do something to improve this situation and his solution was to create a virtual assistant named Jill Watson, which is based on the IBM Watson platform.
Goel and his team developed several versions of Jill Watson before releasing her to the online forums. At first, the virtual assistant wasn’t too great. But Goel and his team sourced the online discussion forum to find all the 40, 000 questions that had ever been asked since the class was launched. Then they began to feed Jill with the questions and answers. After some adjustments and enough time, Jill was able to answer the students’ questions correctly 97% of the time. The virtual assistant became so advanced and realistic that the students didn’t know she was a computer. The students, who were studying artificial intelligence, were interacting with the virtual assistant and couldn’t tell it apart from a real human being. Goel didn’t inform them about Jill’s true identity until April 26. The students were actually very positive about the experience.
The goal of Professor Goel’s virtual assistant next year is to take over answering 40% of all the questions presented by students on the online forum. The name Jill Watson will of course, change to something else next semester. Professor Goel has a rosy outlook on the future of artificial intelligence, believing it will be widely applied.
28. What did Professor Goel find in the online course?
A. The course was too difficult for students. B. Most students dropped out of his course.
C. Students’ questions were too many to handle. D. Assistants’ capacity made students unsatisfied.
29. What can be inferred about Jill Watson?
A. She was easily identified as an AI. B. She turned out to be a great success.
C. She was released online as the first version. D. She could answer all the questions correctly.
30. Which is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “rosy” in Paragraph 4?
A. Hopeful. B. Sensitive. C. Adventurous. D. Cautious.
31. What is the main idea of the text?
A. An online computer course benefits students. B. An Al team develops online discussion forums.
C. A knowledgeable AI assists in online education. D. A new outlook promises online AI development.
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了应对学生们日益增多的日常问题，Ashok Goel教授创建了一个名为Jill Watson的虚拟助理，并且取得了成功，学生们对这次经历非常积极。Goel教授对人工智能的未来持乐观态度，认为它将被广泛应用。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Goel teaches computer science at Georgia Tech, sometimes to large classes, where students can ask thousands of questions online in a discussion forum. Professor Goel already had eight teaching assistants, but that wasn’t enough to deal with the increasing number of daily questions from students.( Goel在佐治亚理工学院教授计算机科学，有时在大班授课，学生可以在论坛上在线提问数千个问题。Goel教授已经有了8名助教，但这还不足以应付学生们日益增多的日常问题)”可知，Goel教授在网络课程中发现学生的问题太多了。故选C。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“After some adjustments and enough time, Jill was able to answer the students’ questions correctly 97% of the time. The virtual assistant became so advanced and realistic that the students didn’t know she was a computer. The students, who were studying artificial intelligence, were interacting with the virtual assistant and couldn’t tell it apart from a real human being. Goel didn’t inform them about Jill’s true identity until April 26. The students were actually very positive about the experience.(经过一些调整和足够的时间，Jill能够回答学生的问题的正确率为97%。虚拟助理变得如此先进和现实，以至于学生们都不知道她是一台电脑。 学生们正在学习人工智能，他们与虚拟助手互动，无法区分它和真实的人。戈埃尔直到4月26日才告诉他们Jill的真实身份。学生们对这次经历非常积极)”可知，Jill Watson被证明很成功。故选B。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“outlook on the future of artificial intelligence, believing it will be widely applied”可知，Goel教授认为人工智能将被广泛应用，可见他认为人工智能的未来是有希望的。故画线词意思是“有希望的”。A. Hopeful.有希望的；B. Sensitive.敏感的；C. Adventurous.冒险的；D. Cautious.谨慎的。故选A。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Professor Goel decided to do something to improve this situation and his solution was to create a virtual assistant named Jill Watson, which is based on the IBM Watson platform.(Goel教授决定做些事情来改善这种情况，他的解决方案是创建一个名为Jill Watson的虚拟助理，该虚拟助理基于IBM Watson平台)”结合文章主要说明了为了应对学生们日益增多的日常问题，Ashok Goel教授创建了一个名为Jill Watson的虚拟助理，并且取得了成功，学生们对这次经历非常积极。Goel教授对人工智能的未来持乐观态度，认为它将被广泛应用。可知，这篇文章的主旨是知识渊博的人工智能帮助在线教育。故选C。
D
Imagine you made plans with a new friend to talk on the phone. You called but there was no answer-and you didn’t get a call back. What happened? Perhaps they got held up by a work obligation. Perhaps they didn’t want to meet but didn’t bother to cancel. Or perhaps they had a busy week and simply forgot to write down your appointment time.
In social situations like this, our minds can produce various explanations, ranging from ones that are more understanding to ones that put blame to the other party. Psychologists refer to this as our attributional style. Past research has found that individuals with a “hostile” attributional style tend to be less satisfied with their relationships.
According to a new study, they’re also less happy overall. The researchers can’t say for sure whether seeing people as hostile directly lowers our happiness, or whether unhappy people are just more likely to make hostile attribution in the first place. However, this study does suggest the possibility that giving people the benefit of the doubt is a practice to improve our relationships and well-being.
Dorota Jasielska, lead researcher of the study, suggests that we start by developing positive and trusting social relationships. When we find ourselves surrounded by warmth and support, it can help us see the social world in a kinder light. Another important strategy is to have open and direct communication. Instead of letting your anxieties get worse, it may be better to simply talk to people about their confusing behavior.
So the next time a friend cancels plans or forgets to text back, consider giving him the benefit of the doubt and waiting to hear his side of things before jumping to conclusions. Assuming others have good intentions will make the world seem like a friendlier place.
32. How does the author introduce the topic of the text?
A. By giving an example. B. By asking a question.
C. By giving a definition. D. By telling a story.
33. What is the attributional style?
A. To show an understanding of one’s mistake. B. To imagine a particular social situation.
C. To find out the cause of social phenomena. D. To make assumptions on uncertain things.
34. What can make us happier according to the study?
A. Finding common interests with others. B. Making positive excuses for others.
C. Improving social communication. D. Being friendly to others.
35. What do the last two paragraphs mainly talk about?
A. Importance of reaching out and making friends. B. Strategies for having effective communication.
C. Advice on handling confusing social behavior. D. Methods for improving our social relationships.
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在一些令人困惑的社交行为中，我们的大脑可以提供多种解释，从善意的解释到指责对方的解释。心理学家称之为归因风格。过去的研究发现，具有敌意归因风格的人——即倾向于认为别人的行为是出于恶意的人——往往对他们的人际关系不太满意。文章介绍了研究的开展过程和发现，建议我们用积极的眼光来揣测他人。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Imagine you made plans with a new friend to talk on the phone. You called but there was no answer-and you didn’t get a call back. What happened? Perhaps they got held up by a work obligation. Perhaps they didn’t want to meet but didn’t bother to cancel. Or perhaps they had a busy week and simply forgot to write down your appointment time.(想象一下，你计划和一位新朋友在电话里聊天。你打了电话但没人接，也没人回你电话。发生了什么事？也许他们是被工作耽搁了。也许他们并不想见面，但也不想取消。或者他们这一周很忙，只是忘了记下你的预约时间)”以及第二段“In social situations like this, our minds can produce various explanations, ranging from ones that are more understanding to ones that put blame to the other party. Psychologists refer to this as our attributional style. Past research has found that individuals with a “hostile” attributional style tend to be less satisfied with their relationships.(在这样的社交场合中，我们的大脑可以产生各种各样的解释，从更容易理解的解释到指责对方的解释。心理学家称之为归因风格。过去的研究发现，具有“敌意”归因风格的人往往对他们的关系不太满意)”可推知，作者通过举例来引入文章主题。故选A。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In social situations like this, our minds can produce various explanations, ranging from ones that are more understanding to ones that put blame to the other party. Psychologists refer to this as our attributional style. (在这样的社交场合中，我们的大脑可以产生各种各样的解释，从更容易理解的解释到指责对方的解释。心理学家称之为归因风格)”可知，归因风格是指对不确定的事情做假设。故选D。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“However, this study does suggest the possibility that giving people the benefit of the doubt is a practice to improve our relationships and well-being. (然而，这项研究确实表明，给予人们善意的猜测可以改善我们的关系和促进幸福)”可知，根据这项研究，善意猜测他人能让我们更快乐。故选B。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Dorota Jasielska, lead researcher of the study, suggests that we start by developing positive and trusting social relationships. When we find ourselves surrounded by warmth and support, it can help us see the social world in a kinder light. Another important strategy is to have open and direct communication. Instead of letting your anxieties get worse, it may be better to simply talk to people about their confusing behavior.(该研究的首席研究员Dorota Jasielska建议，我们应该从发展积极和信任的社会关系开始。当我们发现自己被温暖和支持包围时，它可以帮助我们以一种更友善的眼光看待这个社会。另一个重要的策略是开诚布公地交流。与其让你的焦虑加剧，不如直接和人们谈谈他们困惑的行为)”以及后文“So the next time a friend cancels plans or forgets to text back, consider giving him the benefit of the doubt and waiting to hear his side of things before jumping to conclusions. Assuming others have good intentions will make the world seem like a friendlier place.(所以，下一次朋友取消计划或忘记回复短信时，考虑先假定他是无辜的，等着听他怎么说，再下结论。假设别人的意图是好的，会让世界看起来更友好)”可知，最后两段主要讲了处理令人困惑的社会行为的建议。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many students study with little thought about what comes after their study session. ____36____. Now we will explore some no-cost ways that can help you improve your learning.
____37____. Perhaps they look at their phone or computer. They might even play a video game or watch television. But research suggests that resting after you study may help you remember what you studies.
A study published in the journal PLOS One examined how well older people who were in good health could remember certain words. In two different experiments, researchers found that older adults who rested for 10 minutes after learning new words had better memory of those words. “A period of wakeful rest immediately after new learning increases free recall of verbal material,” the researchers wrote. “____38____.”
In addition to wakeful rest, sleep is also important for learning. A report on the website of Harvard Medical School explains that a person lacking sleep cannot focus attention and therefore cannot learn efficiently. ____39____. That is essential for learning new information.
Robert Stickgold is a doctor and sleep expert at Harvard Medical School. “____40____.” he said. “When we first form memories, they’re in a very raw and fragile form. Sleep is important for forming memories.” Stickgold suggested that adults between the ages of 18 and 64 get between 7 and 9 hours of sleep per day. Teenagers may need slightly more, and people over the age of 65 may need a little less.
A. New memories can be hard to keep
B. The results were strong even after seven days
C. Now you have two suggestions for how to learn new information
D. Many students often go straight to another activity after finishing study
E. By reducing your activity after study, your brain gets a chance to rest
F. It also says sleep itself has a role in strengthening memory
G. But what you do after studying could have an effect on how well you learn
【答案】36. G 37. D 38. B 39. F 40. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了两种在学习之余巩固学习成果的方法：清醒的休息和睡眠。
【36题详解】
上文“Many students study with little thought about what comes after their study session.”（许多学生学习时很少考虑课后会发生什么）说明很多学生不考虑课后的问题，以及下文“Now we will explore some no-cost ways that can help you improve your learning.”（现在我们将探索一些可以帮助你提高学习的免费方法。）说明将为学生提供提高学习的方法，设空处承上启下，应说明学习后所做的事情可能会影响学习，G项“但是你在学习后做的事情可能会影响你的学习效果”符合题意。故选G。
【37题详解】
下文“Perhaps they look at their phone or computer. They might even play a video game or watch television.”(他们可能会看手机或电脑，甚至也可能玩视频游戏或看电视。)说明学生完成学习之后可能会做的事情，D项中another activity是关键词，说明学生所做的活动，D项“许多学生通常在完成学业后直接参加另一项活动”符合题意。故选D。
【38题详解】
上文““A period of wakeful rest immediately after new learning increases free recall of verbal material,” the researchers wrote.”(研究人员写到“学习新知识后，立即进行一段清醒的休息可以增加对语言材料的自由回忆。”)说明清醒的休息会产生好的效果，增加对语言材料的自由回忆，B项“即使在七天后，结果仍然很明显”进一步说明效果，符合题意。故选B。
【39题详解】
上文“A report on the website of Harvard Medical School explains that a person lacking sleep cannot focus attention and therefore cannot learn efficiently.”(在哈佛医站上的一篇报道称，一个缺乏睡眠的人不能集中注意力，因此也不能高效地学习。)说明缺乏睡眠不利于学习，空处应继续说明睡眠对于学习的影响，F项中sleep是关键词，说明睡眠对增强记忆方面有作用，F项“它还说睡眠本身在增强记忆方面也有作用”符合题意。故选F。
【40题详解】
下文“When we first form memories, they’re in a very raw and fragile form.”(当我们最初形成记忆时，它们是非常原始和脆弱的)说明最初形成的记忆是不容易保留的， A项“新的记忆可能很难保持”符合题意。故选A。
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从41—55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Cassidy and his friends were waiting for other members of their running group. They met___41___ every Thursday but on this day last January, it would not be their ___42___ run.
The first ___43___ that something was unusual was the man who ran ___44___ past them.
“Running at such a fast pace,” Cassidy said to his friends in___45___.
Cassidy ___46___ why the man was so swift when another man ran by, ___47___, “Help! He took my phone!”
At that, they ran, tracking the ___48___ down the streets ___49___ he disappeared in a construction site. Cassidy ran around to the far side of the site to cut the thief off while the others ______50______ the neighborhood hoping he had thrown away the phone in a backyard.
No ______51______ So they decided to ask the citizens whether they’d seen the guy. They knocked on one door after another. To their ______52______, as one owner opened the door, the suspect rushed out and right ______53______ the arms of the police, who’d already joined the search.
“Running is typically a useless sport where you turn fat cells into heat, but occasionally it can be______54______,” Cassidy told the Philadelphia Inquirer, “and here was one of those ______55______.”
41 A. roughly B. eventually C. regularly D. curiously
42. A. exhausting B. flexible C. normal D. safe
43 A. clue B. sight C. risk D. decision
44. A. slowly B. desperately C. steadily D. aimlessly
45. A. panic B. admiration C. relief D. anger
46. A. tried out B. let out C. picked out D. figured out
47. A. adding B. complaining C. whispering D. screaming
48. A. member B. athlete C. suspect D. colleague
49. A. after B. until C. as D. whether
50. A. searched B. served C. warned D. harmed
51. A. luck B. doubt C. way D. wonder
52. A. sorrow B. surprise C. embarrassment D. disappointment
53. A. over B. through C. off D. into
54. A. useful B. useless C. tiring D. tough
55. A. purposes B. opportunities C. plans D. tricks
【答案】41. C 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. D 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. A 51. A 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了Cassidy和他跑步俱乐部的其他成员抓小偷的故事。卡西迪用这个故事来表明跑步有时候是很有用的一件事。
【41题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们定在每个星期四见面，但是在去年一月份的这一天，他们的跑步活动和平常是不同的。A. roughly粗略地；B. eventually最终地；C. regularly定期地；D. curiously 好奇地。由“Cassidy and his friends were waiting for other members of their running group.”以及“They met every Thursday.”可知，他们是“定期”见面进行跑步活动的。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们定在每个星期四见面，但是在去年一月份的这一天，他们的跑步活动和平常是不同的。A. exhausting令人疲倦的；B. flexible灵活的；C. normal正常的；D. safe安全的。由上一题的分析可知，他们定期进行跑步活动。but一词表示转折，说明这一天的跑步活动与平时不一样，normal形容人或物“符合常态或常规”。“...it would not be their normal run.”意为“这一天的跑步活动与平时不一样”。因此选择normal合乎语境。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一个不寻常的线索是那个拼命跑过去的人。A. clue线索；B. sight视觉；C. risk风险；D. decision决定。这一天的跑步活动与平时不一样，这说明“那个拼命跑过去的人”是一个线索。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：第一个不寻常的线索是那个拼命地跑过去的人。A. slowly慢慢地；B. desperately渴望地；C. steadily稳定地；D. aimlessly没有目标地。由下文的“Running at such a fast pace”可知，那个人跑得特别快，选择desperately合乎语境。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Cassidy钦佩地对他的朋友说：“步伐如此之快”。A. panic惊慌；B. admiration羡慕，欣赏；C. relief慰藉；D. anger愤怒。由“Running at such a fast pace”可知，他很羡慕那个人跑得快。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Cassidy弄清楚了那个人为什么跑得那么快，他的身后另一个男人跑了过去并大喊：“帮我抓住他！他拿走了我的电话！”。A. tried out尝试；B. let out发出；C. picked out挑选；D. figured out弄清楚。由下一题的分析可知，Cassidy弄清楚了跑得快的那个人是因为拿了别人的手机被主人追赶所致。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Cassidy弄清楚了那个人为什么跑得那么快，他的身后另一个男人跑了过去并大喊：“帮我抓住他！他拿走了我的电话！”。A. adding增加；B. complaining抱怨；C. whispering低声说；D. screaming尖叫，拼命叫喊。由“Help! He took my phone!”可知，手机的主人在“叫喊”请求帮助。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时，他们跑了过去沿着街追赶嫌疑人，直到他消失在建筑工地。A. member会员；B. athlete运动员；C. suspect嫌疑犯；D. colleague同事。由下文的“To their 12 ,as one owner opened the door, the suspect rushed out”可知，拿走手机的那个人是嫌疑犯。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查连接词辨析。句意：那时，他们跑了过去沿着街追赶嫌疑人，直到他消失在建筑工地。A. after在……之后；B. until直到；C. as当……时候；D. whether是否。大家加入到追赶的行列中去，直到嫌疑犯跑得不见了踪影，选择until合乎语境。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Cassidy跑到远处切断小偷的去路而其他人则搜寻附近的地方，大家希望小偷把电话丢在后院。A. searched寻找；B. served服务；C. warned警告；D. harmed危害。Cassidy将路的一头堵住，其他人继续寻找小偷。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：运气不好，他们没能抓住小偷，所以他们决定问市民是否见过这个家伙。A. luck运气；B. doubt怀疑；C. way方式；D. wonder奇迹。由“So they decided to ask the citizens whether they’d seen the guy.”可知，大家没能追上小偷。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他们惊讶的是，当一个房主打开门时，犯罪嫌疑人冲了出来，正好撞进了已经加入搜查的警察的怀抱中。A. sorrow悲伤；B. surprise惊讶；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. disappointment失望。由“as one owner opened the door, the suspect rushed out”可知，大家当时一定会很惊讶的。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：令他们惊讶的是，当一个房主打开门时，犯罪嫌疑人冲了出来，正好撞进了已经加入搜查的警察的怀抱中。A. over超过；B. through通过；C. off离开；D. into进入。run into the arms“撞进某人的怀抱”符合语境。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Cassidy告诉《费城问询报》的记者：“跑步通常是一种无用的运动，它将脂肪细胞转化为热量，但偶尔也会有用”。A. useful有用的；B. useless无用的；C. tiring令人厌倦的；D. tough困难的。逗号前面的句子讲的是跑步无用，通过but一词的转折可知，后面应该说跑步是有用的。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Cassidy告诉《费城问询报》的记者：“这就是其中一个机会”。A. purposes目的；B. opportunities机会；C. plans计划；D. tricks诡计。Cassidy和其他人帮忙抓小偷是跑步有用武之地的一个机会。故选B。
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面材料、在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nikhil Kumar is one of the best young table tennis _______56_______(player)in the United States. Less than a month after Kumar won the right _______57_______(compete)in them,the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games _______58_______(put)off until 2021. Like so many other Olympic athletes, he is now trying to stay sharp and in shape.
_______59_______is different are all the details of his training. All things considered, he says, everything seems to be working. “For my sport, a little lucky that we’re able to have everything indoors, and it’s not taking up too much space and everything,” Kumar said. “Not many sports are as lucky as ours are right now, to be able to have the opportunity to continue playing _______60_______a daily basis.”
The coronavirus pandemic(新冠病毒)has forced many athletes to be _______61_______(create)as they try to continue their training. But in some Olympic sports, working from home is fairly common. Kumar has been able to play table tennis with a robot _______62_______shoots balls at him.
Many competitors are facing tough issues during the pandemic. _______63_______, some have been lucky. Weightlifter Kate Nye trains at home in her garage. She said, “Everything kind of started shutting down, which _______64_______(affect)our lives in other ways—but weightlifting wasn’t one of them. I’ve just been going as_______65_______(plan).”
【答案】56. players
57. to compete
58. was put
59. What 60. on
61. creative
62. whichthat
63. However
64. affected
65. planned
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国最优秀的年轻乒乓球运动员之一的Nikhil Kumar，如今因为2020年东京奥运会被推迟，正努力保持敏锐和良好的状态。文章主要说明了他训练细节的不同之处，以及冠状病毒大流行病迫使许多运动员在继续训练的过程中发挥创造性。
【56题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：Nikhil Kumar是美国最好的年轻乒乓球运动员之一。“one of”后应跟名词的复数，因此空格处是复数players。故填players。
【57题详解】
考查不定式。句意：在库马尔获得奥运会参赛权不到一个月后，2020年东京奥运会被推迟到2021年。the right to do是固定用法，意为“做某事的权利”，因此空格处是不定式to compete，作后置定语，故填to compete。
【58题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：在库马尔获得奥运会参赛权不到一个月后，2020年东京奥运会被推迟到2021年。东京奥运会是被推迟，句子用被动语态，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，即was/were done，主语“the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games”是单数，因此空格处是was put。故填was put。
【59题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：不同的是他所有的训练细节。分析可知，空格处引导的是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，句子表示“不同的东西是他所有的训练细节”，因此空格处用what引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填What。
【60题详解】
考查介词。句意：库马尔说:“没有多少体育项目像我们现在这样幸运，能够有机会继续每天比赛。”，空格处短语意为“每天”，是固定短语on a daily basis ，故填on。
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意：冠状病毒大流行迫使许多运动员在试图继续训练时发挥创造力。空格处用形容词作表语，create的形容词是creative，意为“有创造力的”，故填creative。
【62题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：库马尔可以和一个向他射击的机器人打乒乓球。先行词是robot，后面是限定性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，用which或that指代先行词robot，作主语，故填which或that。
【63题详解】
考查副词。句意：在大流行期间，很多竞争者们都面临着问题，然而一些竞争者们很幸运。由“Many competitors are facing issues during the pandemic”和“some competitors have been lucky”可知，前后是转折关系，逗号前，用however表转折，位于句首，首字母大写，故填However。
【64题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：她说：“一切都开始停止，它以其他方式影响我们的生活，但举重不在其中。非限制性定语从句中，主语which后缺少谓语动词，根据started可知，是一般过去时，故填affected。
【65题详解】
考查过去分词和省略。句意：我只是按计划行事。根据语境可知，句子表示“我只是按计划行事”，表示“按计划”的短语为as planned=as it was planned，“as+过去分词”这一特殊结构，相当于as it is/was done，是状语从句的一种省略，故填planned。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华, 你校将举办以“急救”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿, 内容包括:
1·急救的意义（挽救生命, 减轻痛苦等）；
2. 呼吁学习急救知识。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Good morning!
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
【答案】 Good morning!
It is important for us to 1earn some knowledge about first aid in our daily life. If a person has an accident, he needs medical care before a doctor can be found. Therefore, it is necessary that we
know how to give the wounded proper first aid measures. Knowing knowledge about first aid will help us make good judgments. With the help of correct first aid measures, we can alleviate the
sufferings of the patient. What’s far more important is that we can reduce the possibility of disability and save lives.
Life is precious. To save lives, everybody should know some first aid for a rainy day.
Thank you!
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇关于“急救”的演讲稿，向听众传达急救的意义和呼吁大家学习急救知识。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1.点明演讲的主题-学习急救的知识的目的和意义
2.急救的意义
1）可以在第一时间做出正确的判断，科学施救；
2）在医生到来前可以减轻病人的痛苦；
3) 正确的急救能减少伤残，挽救病人的生命。
3.呼吁大家学习急救知识
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）first aid; medical care;good judgment;alleviate the sufferings;reduce the possibility of disability; save lives;a rainy day
第三步：连词成句
1.It is important for us to 1earn some knowledge about first aid in our daily 1ife.
2.Therefore, it is necessary that we know how to give the wounded proper first aid measures.
3.Knowing knowledge about first aid will help us make good judgments.
4.We can alleviate the sufferings of the patient.
5.We can reduce the possibility of disability and save lives.
6.To save lives, everybody should know some first aid for a rainy day.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last（供参考）
2.表并列补充关系：What is far more important
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… （供参考）
4.表因果关系：Therefore
【点睛】[高分句型1]If a person has an accident, he needs medical care before a doctor can be found.(if引导的条件状语从句)
[高分句型2]What’s far more important is that we can reduce the possibility of disability and save lives.（that引导的表语从句）
[高分句型3]To save lives, everybody should know some first aid for a rainy day.（不定式做结果状语）
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Little Tom was a nine years old boy who always behaved ill. When he saw a person passing by in front of him, he would make fun of him and even throw stones at him. He thought it was fun.
One afternoon, when little Tom was on the way home after school, a stranger passed through the village. His dress was plain and somewhat old, but neat and clean. He carried a luggage in his hand, and he wore a black hat. As soon as he saw the stranger, Tom whispered to his playmates, “Now for some fun!” He then silently went toward the stranger from behind, knocked off his hat and ran away. The man turned and saw him, but Tom was out of hearing before he could speak. The stranger put on his hat, and went on his way. Again did Tom approach, but this time, the man caught him by the arm. However, he just looked at the boy for a moment in the face, and then pushed him from him. No sooner did the naughty boy find himself free again than he began to pelt the stranger with dirt and stones. Accidentally, a stone hit the man on the head and he was badly hurt. All the boys now ran away, and Tom ran across the fields to his home, feeling frightened.
Before he entered his house, his sister Rose came out to meet him, with a beautiful toy and some new books in her hands. She told Tom excitedly that their uncle, who had been away for several years, had come home, and was now in the house; that he had brought beautiful presents for the whole family; and walked on foot, so as to surprise his brother, their father.
Paragraph1
Rose told him that their uncle was hurt because a stone hit his head.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph2
When he saw Tom, his uncle couldn’t believe his eyes.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Rose told him that their uncle was hurt because a stone hit his head. On hearing this, Tom felt that it was the end of the world. He didn’t dare to enter the house, feeling the house wasn’t warm as usual. Just at the moment, he heard his father calling him to come in. His face turned pale when he drew his legs to the door, thinking that how wonderful if time stopped. Slowly he approached the door handle with his trembling hands. Then he heard his mother’s words, “Hurry, Tom！See this beautiful watch and these books your uncle has bought for you.” Little Rose held his arm and pulled him into the house.
When he saw Tom, his uncle couldn’t believe his eyes. He shouted, “He is the boy who threw stones and hit me on the head.” What a sense of shame did Tom feel now. He lowered his head and said sorry with tears in his eyes. To make up his bad deed, Tom asked for a chance to take care of his uncle before he recovered. His uncle chose to forgive him. But his father was so angry that he wouldn’t permit Tom to have the presents his uncle had bought for him before he got rid of the bad manners. Seeing his uncle’s head, Tom realized how awful he was. He promised that he wouldn’t do such things again. He never forgot this lesson so long as he lived.
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了淘气的汤姆用石头袭击了经过村子的陌生人，回家后却发现这个陌生人居然是他多年不见的叔叔。汤姆的行为让所有人都感到生气，但他最后认识到了自己的错误，得到叔叔的原谅，接受了父亲的惩罚，并下定决心改过自新。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“罗斯告诉他，他们的叔叔受伤了，因为一块石头打中了他的头。”可知，第一段可描写汤姆发现他袭击的陌生人居然是他多年不见的叔叔后发生的事情。
②由第二段首句内容“当他看到汤姆时，他的叔叔不敢相信自己的眼睛。”可知，第二段可描写叔叔认出汤姆就是袭击他的坏孩子后家里人的反应以及对汤姆的处理办法。
2.续写线索：知道陌生人是叔叔——感到害怕不敢进门——叔叔认出汤姆——汤姆承认错误——得到原谅——接受惩罚——决心改过自新
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.把颤抖的手伸向门把：approached the door handle with his trembling hands / reach the door handle with his shaking hands
②.抓住他的手臂：held his arm / grasp his arm
③.大叫，大声说：shouted /yell/scream
情绪类
①.羞耻：a sense of shame/shameful
②.糟糕的，可怕的：awful/terrible
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Rose told him that their uncle was hurt because a stone hit his head.（that引导的宾语从句和because引导的原因状语从句）
[高分句型2]. His face turned pale when he drew his legs to the door, thinking that how wonderful if time stopped.（when引导的时间状语从句、现在分词作伴随状语和if引导的条件状语从句）
[高分句型3]. But his father was so angry that he wouldn’t permit Tom to have the presents his uncle had bought for him before he got rid of the bad manners.（so...that引导的结果状语从句、省略关系代词的定语从句和before引导的时间状语从句）
相关试卷
2022-2023学年山东省临沂市高二上学期期末考试英语试题含解析： 这是一份2022-2023学年山东省临沂市高二上学期期末考试英语试题含解析，共28页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023昆明一中高二上学期期末考试英语试题含听力含解析： 这是一份2023昆明一中高二上学期期末考试英语试题含听力含解析
2023临沂一中高二上学期期末考试英语试题含解析： 这是一份2023临沂一中高二上学期期末考试英语试题含解析，文件包含山东省临沂市第一中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题含解析docx、山东省临沂市第一中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题docx、临沂一中2021级高二上学期期末检测英语听力试题mp3等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共39页， 欢迎下载使用。
