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2022-2023学年河南省 开封市杞县高中高三上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年河南省 开封市杞县高中高三上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，答题前，考生务必用直径0，本卷命题范围等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高三英语
考生注意：
1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4.本卷命题范围：高考范围。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分;满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man’s favorite program?
A. Sports. B. History. C. Nature.
2. What will the man do for the woman?
A. Call for an ambulance. B. Lend his phone to her. C. Deal with an accident.
3. What does the woman think of wearing the seatbelt?
A. Unimportant. B. Necessary. C. Comfortable.
4. How does the man probably feel?
A. Excited. B. Amused. C. Scared.
5. Who does the laptop belong to?
A. Tom. B. Alice. C. Jack.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How many stops are there before the man gets to his destination?
A. Ten. B. Twelve. C. Fourteen.
7. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. On the Great Wall. B. In a store. C. On a bus.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.What does the man ask for at first?
A. Orange juice. B. Ice cream. C. Fried chicken.
9. What does the man say about the French fries?
A. They are cold. B. They are tasty. C. They are too hot.
10. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Old friends. B. Husband and wife. C. Waitress and customer.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What did the man do last week?
A. He made a reservation for a room.
B. He lived in the hotel for two days.
C He traveled to Seattle with his wife.
12. What is the man’s room like?
A. It has a bar inside. B. It has two baths. C. It has twin beds.
13. Where is the cafeteria?
A. On the second floor. B. On the eighth floor. C. On the top floor.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Why does the woman talk to the man?
A. To ask for directions.
B. To recommend a hotel to him.
C. To invite him to go sightseeing.
15. Where is the Royal Hotel?
A. Near the first crossing. B. Opposite the post office. C. At the second traffic light.
16. How will the woman go to the Royal Hotel?
A. By taxi. B. On foot. C. By bus.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did the earliest form of the blues function as among slaves?
A. Timing. B. Communication. C. Rules for survival.
18. What did the blues start out with?
A. Human voices. B. Musical instruments. C. Birds’ sounds.
19. What is Bessie Smith?
A. A popular pianist. B. A great historian. C. A famous blues singer.
20. When did Bessie Smith pass away?
A. In 1894. B. In 1937. C. In 1980.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Absolutely Unputdownable Books You Have to Read
Flowers for Algernon
Daniel Keyes
If you’re seeking a fast read, try this short story by Daniel Keyes. He’ll show you how a person who is mentally disabled feels while going from a simple gatekeeper at a bakery, whose IQ is less than 60, to a genius(天才)and the most intelligent person on the planet. In a situation like this, is it possible to overcome your fear and deal with loneliness? Daniel Keyes offers his answer to this question.
A Certain Smile
Francoise Sagan
If you don’t enjoy thrillers or sci-fi and stories about dragon-riding detectives, and if you’re longing for something comforting, slow and gentle, this beautiful little book by Francoise Sagan is just what you need. It’s a pleasant exception among traditional romance novels: you’ll find all of the advantages of high-quality literature here. And yes, it’s a real page-turner.
Orphans of the Sky
Robert A. Heinlein
A giant generation ship is sailing without guidance through the depths of the universe. Its passengers have long forgotten the outside world and believed in a pre-technological culture marked by superstition(迷信). This novel brought Heinlein wide recognition, and will grasp you tight and won’t let you go for months or even years afterward. Are we, the digital generation, different from the passengers of that imaginary spaceship?
95 Pounds of Hope
Anna Gavalda
Referring to a real person’s experiences, this little poetic story is about the main things in life; choices we make, the power of love and devotion. The story of a thirteen-year-old boy who one day has to gather all his strength and courage and take a step towards adulthood proves once again that dreams do come true. After all, no matter how many pounds we have, we’re all trying not to lose hope.
1. Whose book tells the story of a mentally disabled person?
A. Daniel Keyes’s. B. Anna Gavalda’s. C. Francoise Sagan’s. D. Robert A. Heinlein’s.
2. What kind of book might Orphans of the Sky be?
A. A history book. B. A science fiction. C. A detective story. D. A romance novel.
3. What is special about 95 Pounds of Hope?
A. It brings its author high praise. B. It is just intended for adult readers.
C. It is about how to overcome fear. D. It is based on true life experiences.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本令人爱不释手的书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Flowers for Algernon部分“He’ll show you how a person who is mentally disabled feels while going from a simple gatekeeper at a bakery, whose IQ is less than 60, to a genius(天才)and the most intelligent person on the planet. (他将向你展示一个智障人士如何从一个智商低于60的面包房看门人变成一个天才，一个地球上最聪明的人。)”可知，Daniel Keyes的书是关于一个智力障碍人士的故事。故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据 Orphans of the Sky 部分“A giant generation ship is sailing without guidance through the depths of the universe. (一艘巨大的世代船在没有向导的情况下航行在宇宙深处。)”可知，本书是讲述一艘太空船行驶在太空深处时发生的故事，再结合后文的“Are we, the digital generation, different from the passengers of that imaginary spaceship? (我们，数字一代，与想象中的宇宙飞船上的乘客不同吗?)”可推断，这是一部科幻小说。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据95 Pounds of Hope部分“Referring to a real person’s experiences, this little poetic story is about the main things in life; (关于一个真实的人的经历，这个诗意的小故事是关于生活中的主要事情；)”可知，这本书是作者根据真人的真实经历写的，这是它与其他三本书不同的地方。故选D。
B
Anne Lacaton and Jean-Phippe Vassal, this year’s Pritzker Prize winners, were as surprised as anyone else when the most famous award in architecture was made public yesterday.
“Of course it’s very pleasant, and we are very pleased,”Lacaton said at a conference with her partner, both smiling broadly from their black eyeglasses.
Putting aside their eyeglasses, Lacaton and Vassal could not be more different from an earlier generation of Pritzker winners, known for their easily recognizable styles and grand work. Instead, the two apply their simple guideline to their work on old urban buildings for low-income families: Never destroy, never remove or replace, always add, transform, and reuse!
When Lacaton and Vassal were asked to redesign a particularly large and over-crowded public housing block in Bordeaux in 2017, the residents (居民) told them they could not afford to move, even temporarily, but they wanted bigger units. Their solution was to replace the folding wooden front door with sliding glass door to each unit and painted the ugly walls with something bright. Suddenly, everyone had roomy outdoor space, some of which could be used during the winter as “winter gardens.”
“So, people can not only get sun and light and spend time with family, but it’s also open to neighbors,” Columbia University architecture professor Mabel Wilson.“I would love to live in one of the apartments t they’ve redesigned.”
Their approach of cheap and creative re-adaption could be a model for urban planning in the US, Wilson adds, where destruction has been seen as a solution to old public housing in such cities as Chicago and St. Louis.
There’s a lot of violence in architecture and urbanism. We try to be precise. We try to work with kindness” Lacaton once explained.“Buildings are beautiful when people feel well in them, when the light inside is beautiful and the air is pleasant, when the exchange with the outside seems easy and gentle, and when uses and sensations are unexpected,”
Lacaton and Vassal started their firm in Paris in 1987. Together, they worked primarily in France.
4. Why are Lacaton’s and Vassal’s eyeglasses mentioned in paragraph 3?
A. To draw readers attention to their unusual color.
B. To show that Pritzker Prize winners need eyeglasses.
C. To tell us how surprised and happy they are for the prize
D. To stress their only possible similarity with other Pritzker winners.
5. What did Lacaton and Vassal do in the Bordeaux public housing project?
A. They built winter gardens in the outdoor space.
B. They destroyed the walls to provide more space.
C. They just changed the doors and repainted the walls.
D. They provided bigger temporary rooms for the residents.
6. What have Lacaton and Vassal most probably done to win the Pritzker Prize?
A. They have built many public houses with unique styles.
B. They have designed various famous buildings in the world.
C. They have provided free services for poor families in the US.
D. They have tried to transform old urban buildings with kindness.
7. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Architecture. B. Environment. C. Lifestyle. D. Politics.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。今年的普利策建筑奖意外地颁发给了致力于城市旧公租房改造的Anne Lacaton和Jean-Philippe Vassal。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Putting aside their eyeglasses, Lacaton and Vassal could not be more different from an earlier generation of Pritzker winners, known for their easily recognizable styles and grand work.(抛开眼镜不谈，Lacaton和Vassal与前一代的普利茨克获奖者没有什么相同，他们以易于识别的风格和宏大的作品而闻名)”可知，作者是在以戏谑的口气强调这两位获奖者和其他的普利策奖得主之间除了那副眼镜有点相似外，就没有其他的共同点。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Their solution was to replace the folding wooden front door with sliding glass door to each unit and painted the ugly walls with something bright.(他们解决方案是将每个单元的折叠木门换成滑动玻璃门，并将丑陋的墙壁涂上明亮的颜色)”可知，他们只是重新设计了大门及重新粉刷了墙壁。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Instead，the two apply their simple guideline to their work on old urban buildings for low-income families: Never destroy, never remove or replace, always add, transform, and reuse!(相反，两人将他们的简单指导方针应用于低收入家庭的旧城市建筑：永远不要破坏、永远不要拆除或更换，永远要添加、改造和再利用！)”及第七段“There’s a lot of violence in architecture and urbanism. We try to be precise. We try to work with kindness,’Lacaton once explained.(建筑和城市化中有很多暴力。我们尽量做到准确。Lacaton曾解释说：“我们努力以善意工作。”)”可推断，他们很可能是因城市旧房改造理念中的人文关怀而获奖的。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“Anne Lacaton and Jean-Phippe Vassal, this year’s Pritzker Prize winners,were as surprised as anyone else when the most famous award in architecture was made public yesterday.(安妮·拉卡顿（Anne Lacaton）和让·菲普·瓦萨尔（Jean Phippe Vassal）是今年的普利茨克奖（Pritzker Prize）获得者，当这个最著名的建筑奖昨天公布时，他们和其他人一样感到惊讶)”以及后文可知，本文主要介绍了Anne Lacaton及Jean-PhilippeVassal的城市旧房改造理念，因此很可能出现在报纸的“建筑”版面。故选A项。
C
On October 12,2021,China officially announced its first five national parks, which are homes to endangered species ranging from the Siberian tigers on the Russian border to the world’s last 30 Hainan black crested gibbons(黑冠长臂猿)in southern China’s tropical rainforest.
By uniting hundreds of protected areas managed by various provinces, the new national park system’s goal is to strengthen conservation under the central authority of the new National Forestry and Grassland Administration(NFGA)
These five parks cover an area two-third the size of the US national park system. The largest, Sanjiangyuan National Park in Qinghai Province, is almost the size of Mississippi.
With such an ambitious plan, there are bound to be challenges. For one the government has to balance the need for the livelihoods of the locals with wildlife conservation. It has not announced a plan to create a permitting system that would regulate how people enjoy nature. What’s more,ecotourism-which is defined as tourism that benefits both locals and their environment-only exists in a fifth of China’s nature reserves.
But there’s hope that the existing ecotourism projects in such nature reserves as Sanjiangyuan National Park and Wolong Nature Reserve will inspire efforts elsewhere in the new park system. Since 2018, Sanjiangyuan National Park has run a community-led tourism program that benefits both locals and snow leopards(豹), the park’s main tourist draw. For $43 a day, visitors can stay with local families, who act as guides to spot these rare “cats” in the wild.
“The community has made all the major decisions, and 100 percent of the income stays in the community. It’s been incredibly successful,” says Marc Brody, who has worked in China since 1994.
NFGA agrees that well-designed ecotourism can improve local ecosystems. It says that a core mission(核心使命)of China’s national parks is to promote eco-civilizationa mission that can be advanced by involving visitors Written into China’s constitution(宪法)in 2012, eco-civilization means scientifically balancing the economic development and the environmental protection.
8. Which park is home to the thirty endangered gibbons?
A. Hainan National Park. B. Wolong Nature Reserve.
C. Northeast National Park. D. Sanjiangyuan National Park.
9. What can be learned about Sanjiangyuan National Park?
A. It is bigger than Mississippi. B. It sits on the Russian border.
C. It is a pioneer in ecotourism. D. It has a mature permitting system.
10. Which word best describes Marc Brody’s attitude to ecotourism?
A. Skeptical. B. Unconcerned C. Disapproving D. Positive
11. What is the main purpose of China’s national parks?
A. To protect the endangered animals.
B. To help the local people out of poverty.
C. To balance the economy and the environment.
D. To set a better development example for the world.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了我国刚刚成立的五个国家公园的特色、存在的问题及解决办法。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“On October 12,2021,China officially announced its first five national parks, which are homes to endangered species ranging from the Siberian tigers on the Russian border to the world’s last 30 Hainan black crested gibbons(黑冠长臂猿)in southern China’s tropical rainforest.(2021年10月12日，中国正式宣布建立首批5个国家公园，这些公园是濒危物种的家园，从俄罗斯边境的西伯利亚虎到中国南部热带雨林中世界上最后30只海南黑冠长臂猿。)”可知海南国家公园是30只濒临灭绝的黑冠长臂猿的家园。故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“But there’s hope that the existing ecotourism projects in such nature reserves as Sanjiangyuan National Park and Wolong Nature Reserve will inspire efforts elsewhere in the new park system.(但人们希望，三江源国家公园和卧龙自然保护区等自然保护区的现有生态旅游项目将激励其他地方在新的公园体系中做出努力。)”可知三江源国家公园是生态旅游的开拓者之一。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第六段“The community has made all the major decisions, and 100 percent of the income stays in the community. It’s been incredibly successful,” says Marc Brody, who has worked in China since 1994.(社区已经做出了所有的主要决定，百分之百的收入将留在社区。从1994年开始在中国工作的Marc Brody说。)”可知Marc Brody对生态旅游的态度是积极肯定的。故选D项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“NFGA agrees that well-designed ecotourism can improve local ecosystems.It says that a core mission(核心使命)of China's national parks is to promote eco-civilization mission that can be advanced by involving visitors Written into China’s constitution(宪法)in 2012，eco-civilization means scientifically balancing the economic development and the environmental protection. (NFGA认为精心设计的生态旅游可以改善当地的生态系统。它说中国国家公园的核心使命是促进生态文明，这一使命可以通过让游客参与来推进。2012年，中国宪法将生态文明写入，意味着科学地平衡经济发展和环境保护。)”可知，建立国家公园的主要目的是科学平衡经济发展与环境保护。故选C项。
D
Climate science has been rapidly advancing in recent years, but the foundations were laid hundreds of years ago.
In the 1820s, French scientist Joseph Fourier theorized that Earth must have some way of keeping heat and that the atmosphere may play some role. In 1850, American scientist Eunice Newton Foote put thermometers(温度计)in glass bottles and experimented with placing them in sunlight. Inside the bottles, Foote compared dry air, wet air, N2, O2 and CO, and found that the bottle containing humid air warmed up more and stayed hotter longer than the bottle containing dry air,and that it was followed by the bottle containing CO2. In 1859, Irish scientist John Tyndall began measuring how much heat different gases in the atmosphere absorb. And in 1896, Swedish scientist Svante Arrhenius concluded that more CO2 in the atmosphere would cause the planet to heat up: These findings planted some of the earliest seeds of climate science.
The first critical breakthrough happened in 1967 when Syukuro Manabe and Richard Wetherald connected energy absorbed by the atmosphere to the air movement vertically over Earth.They built a model which first included all the main physical processes related to climate changes. The predictions and the explanations based on their model still hold true in the real world almost half a century later.
The model was improved in the 1980s by Klaus Hasselmann who connected short-term weather patterns with long-term climate changes. Hasselmann found that even random weather data could yield insight into broader patterns.
“ The greatest uncertainty in the model remains what human beings will do. Figuring it out is 1,000 times harder than understanding the physics behind climate changes,” Manabe said.“ There are many things we can do to prevent climate change. The whole question is whether people will realize that something which will happen in20 or 30 years is something you have to respond to now.”
So, it’s up to us to solve the problem that these pioneers helped the world understand.
12. What does the word “humid” underlined in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Cool. B. Cold. C. Dry. D. Wet.
13. What is Klaus Hasselmann’s contribution to climate science?
A. He found that CO2 causes global warming.
B. He invented a unique measuring instrument.
C. He improved Manabe and Wetherald’s model.
D. He built a reliable model on climate change.
14. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?
A. The biggest problem with the climate model.
B. The necessity for human beings to take action now.
C. The challenge of understanding climate change.
D. Measures to be taken to prevent climate change.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Negative Effects of the Global Warming
B. Historic Breakthroughs in Climate Science
C. Main Causes Leading to Climate Change
D. Difficulties of Preventing Climate Change
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气象科学的发展历程及不同时期的科学家所做的贡献。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段划线词所在句子“Inside the bottles, Foote compared dry air, wet air, N2, O2 and CO, and found that the bottle containing humid air warmed up more and stayed hotter longer than the bottle containing dry air,and that it was followed by the bottle containing CO2.(在瓶子内部，Foote比较了干燥空气、潮湿空气、N2、O2和CO，发现含有humid空气的瓶子比含有干燥空气的瓶子加热得更多，保持温度的时间更长，其次是含有二氧化碳的瓶子。)”可知，该划线词与后面的dry为相对词或反义词，对两种空气的情况做对比，所以该词应该是“dry”的反义词，应该是“潮湿的/湿润的”，与 wet意思相近。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The model was improved in the 1980s by Klaus Hasselmann who connected short-term weather patterns with long-term climate changes.(该模型在20世纪80年代被Klaus Hasselmann改进，他将短期天气模式与长期气候变化联系起来。)”可知，他的贡献在于改进了Syukuro Manabe and Richard Wetherald建造的这个模型。故选C项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段“The greatest uncertainty in the model remains what human beings will do. Figuring it out is 1,000 times harder than understanding the physics behind climate changes,” Manabe said.“ There are many things we can do to prevent climate change. The whole question is whether people will realize that something which will happen in20 or 30 years is something you have to respond to now.”(这个模型最大的不确定性仍然是人类会做什么。弄清楚这一点比理解气候变化背后的物理原理难1000倍，”真部说。“我们可以做很多事情来防止气候变化。整个问题是，人们是否会意识到，20年或30年后会发生的事情是你现在必须应对的事情)”可知，气候模型创立者Syukuro Manabe认为，人类的行为对将来的气候影响至关重要，而人类非常有必要马上为将来的气候变化采取行动，不能任其自然。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段“Climate science has been rapidly advancing in recent years, but the foundations were laid hundreds of years ago.(气候科学近年来发展迅速，但其基础早在几百年前就奠定了)”可知，几百年前人们就在研究气候，之后介绍了French scientist Joseph Fourier和Irish scientist John Tyndall的实验得出的理论，第三四段介绍了Syukuro Manabe and Richard Wetherald建造的模型和和Klaus Hasselmann对其进行的改良，所以本文主要介绍了气象科学的发展历程及不同时期的重大突破。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Talking to someone on a train, bus, or subway can be risky yet exciting, as you never know when they’re going to get off. Starting a connection can be fun as the costs are fairly low and you can easily start and stop a conversation, or get off if things become awkward. ____16____
Make eye contact. Making brief eye contact can show the persons that you’re interested and help you judge whether they are interested in you. Glance at the persons and try to hold your gaze (注视) for just a second or two.____17____If they meet your gaze, it’s likely positive. If they look away quickly or appear disinterested, it’s probably best not to approach.
Smile at the persons. If you’ve successfully met their gaze, smile at them.
____18____If they smile back, you’re likely in luck in getting them to talk to you.
If you want to start a conversation with the persons, smiling is a great way to get somebody’s attention.
____19____Make a point to appear open, comfortable and available. Do this by keeping your arms uncrossed. Stand or sit up straight and show good posture (姿势). Don’t cross your body or turn away from the persons, as these gestures can make you appear closed off or disinterested.
Approach the persons to start talking to them. ____20____If you’re far away, move closer. You should be a comfortable distance where you can hear each other yet not feel awkward if the conversation doesn’t work out.
A. Use open body language.
B. Mind your manners while talking.
C. Notice how they respond to your gaze.
D. Don’t worry because you can follow some tips that make you smile.
E. Once you’ve read that the persons are interested in chatting, make a move.
F. A small but sincere smile makes you appear interested, friendly and approachable.
G. Therefore, try to get someone’s attention and start a conversation by following the tips.
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. F 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述如何在火车、公共汽车或地铁上开始一段对话
【16题详解】
根据上文“Starting a connection can be fun as the costs are fairly low and you can easily start and stop a conversation, or get off if things become awkward. (开始一段关系是很有趣的，因为成本相当低，你可以很容易地开始和结束一段对话，或者如果事情变得尴尬就离开)”结合下文关于如何开始一段对话的建议可知，空处内容应开启下文，指出开始和别人对话是有方可循的，G项“Therefore, try to get someone’s attention and start a conversation by following the tips.(因此，试着引起别人的注意，按照下面的建议开始对话)”符合文意。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Glance at the persons and try to hold your gaze for just a second or two.(看一眼对方，试着保持你的目光停留一两秒钟)”以及后文“If they meet your gaze, it’s likely positive. (如果他们与你目光相遇，那很可能是积极的)”可知，空处应是注意对方的回应，C项“关注他们对你的目光作何反应”符合题意。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据后文“If they smile back, you’re likely in luck in getting them to talk to you.(如果他们也对你微笑，你很可能会幸运地让他们和你说话)”中的smile back可知，空处应该是你对他人微笑，F项“一个小而真诚的微笑会让你显得感兴趣、友好、平易近人”符合题意，smile为原词复现。故选F项。
【19题详解】
空处为本段主旨句。根据后文“Do this by keeping your arms uncrossed. Stand or sit up straight and show good posture. Don’t cross your body or turn away from the persons, as these gestures can make you appear closed off or disinterested.(保持双臂不交叉。站或坐直，表现良好的姿势。不要越过你的身体或转身离开对方，因为这些动作会让你看起来封闭或不感兴趣)”可知，本段主要讲与人交流时要用开放的身体姿势，所以A项“使用开放的肢体语言”符合。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Approach the persons to start talking to them. (接近这些人，开始和他们交谈)”以及后文“If you’re far away, move closer. (如果你离得很远，那就靠近点)”可知，如何这些人喜欢聊天的话，就可以和他们走得更近点。E项“一旦你得知对方对聊天感兴趣，就采取行动”符合题意。故选E项。
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last month, Dongxiang County in Gansu Province was officially removed from the “List of Poorest Counties in China”.
Landlocked in China’s northwest, Dongxiang County is___21___to 256,828 Dongxiang people, one of China’s 55 ethnic(民族的) minorities. In 2013, nearly a third of its ___22___ was still living under the absolute poverty line.
So, how did they do it?
Most of Dongxiang people are ___23___who grow wheat and potatoes. Then it is ___24___that anti-poverty projects the county often ___25___ food.
The potatoes here are___26___. Dongxiang people have many ways of ___27___ potatoes for the table, including spicy potato slices, sour potato rolls, whole potatoes ___28___ under a bed of hot rocks, and even potato noodles. Now these potato ___29___are sold all over China.
Fan Chenyang, who works in the Dongxiang potato industry, said that one of the ___30___ways potatoes helped lift the area out of poverty was through education and ___31___. It includes topics like latest planting methods and disease___32___ . “These sessions have helped a lot in ___33___ both the quality and quantity of the potatoes being produced here,” he said.
Dongxiang County is also famous for its ___34___. Five years ago, Mada Wude, who left at the age of 17 in order to raise sheep in other areas of northwest China, was encouraged to ___35___ to his county to set up company, which is now taking care of around 1,800 sheep ___36___ by 25 families in his village. Over the five years, he has helped the villagers raise more and better lambs. The profit is distributed to the___37___families. The sheep there are given organic food and monitored ___38___by AI systems. Therefore, ___39___all over China can eat with ___40___ of mind.
21. A. witness B. access C. home D. entry
22. A. crew B. population C. police D. children
23. A. farmers B. fishermen C. singers D. hunters
24 A. unbelievable B. acceptable C. avoidable D. understandable
25. A. center on B. apply for C. give up D. suffer from
26. A. small B. sweet C. famous D. expensive
27. A. cleaning B. cutting C. planting D. preparing
28. A. rotten B. baked C. fried D. hidden
29. A. rocks B. products C. chips D. tools
30. A. wrong B. different C. main D. tough
31. A. training B. exhibition C. festival D. export
32. A. damage B. development C. spread D. prevention
33. A. reducing B. meeting C. improving D. judging
34. A. lamb B. architecture C. dancing D. rice
35. A. appeal B. return C. decline D. stop
36. A. sold B. killed C. eaten D. owned
37. A. participating B. competing C. disabled D. disappointed
38. A. occasionally B. continuously C. secretly D. carelessly
39. A. businessmen B. cooks C. consumers D. workers
40. A. absence B. change C. lack D. peace
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了地处西北内陆的东乡族自治县是如何依靠优势作物，闯出一条脱贫致富之路的。
【21题详解】
考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：东乡县位于中国西北内陆，是256.828名东乡人的家乡，东乡人是中国55个少数民族之一。A. witness目击者；B. access入口；C. home生息地，家乡，家的；D. entry进入。根据“Dongxiang County”和“256.828 Dongxiang people”的关系可知，东乡县是东乡人的“家乡”。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2013年，仍有近三分之一的东乡县人口生活在绝对贫困线以下。A. crew全体船员；B.population人口；C. police警察；D. children孩子们。根据句中“living under the absolute poverty line”可知，句中说的是三分之一的东乡县“人口”生活在绝对贫困线以下。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数东乡人是种植小麦和土豆的农民。A. farmers农民；B.fishermen渔夫；C. singers歌手；D. hunters猎人。根据“who grow wheat and potatoes”可知，大多数东乡人是“农民”。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那么，县里的扶贫项目往往以粮食为中心就可以理解了。A. unbelievable不可信的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. avoidable可避免的；D. understandable可以理解的。根据上文“grow wheat and potatoes”可知，大多数东乡人是农民，所以东乡县的扶贫项目以粮食为中心是“可以理解的”。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：那么，县里的扶贫项目往往以粮食为中心就可以理解了。A.center on集中，着重于；B.apply for申请；C.give up放弃；D.suffer from遭受。由前文“grow wheat and potatoes” 可知，因为大多数是农民，所以扶贫项目应是“着重于”食物方面。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这里的土豆很有名。A. small少的；B. sweet甜的；C. famous著名的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据下文“Now these potato 9 are sold all over China.”可知，东乡土豆很有名。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：东乡人有很多种为餐桌准备土豆的方法，包括辣土豆片、酸土豆卷、在热石头床下烤的全土豆，甚至土豆面。A.cleaning清理；B. cutting切；C. planting种植；D. preparing准备。由后文“spicy potato slices, sour potato rolls”可知，这里主要讲土豆不同“准备或者做”的方式。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：东乡人有很多种为餐桌准备土豆的方法，包括辣土豆片、酸土豆卷、在热石头床下烤的全土豆，甚至土豆面。A.rotten腐烂；B. baked烤；C. fried油炸；D. hidden隐藏。由后文“under a bed of hot rocks”可知，应该是“烤”土豆。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在这些土豆制品在中国各地都有销售。A. rocks岩石；B. products产品；C. chips炸土豆条；D. tools工具。根据句中“are sold all over China”可知，东乡土豆“产品”卖到世界各地。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在东乡土豆行业工作的范晨阳表示，土豆帮助该地区脱贫的主要方式之一是通过教育和培训。A. wrong错误的；B. different不同的；C. main主要的；D. tough坚韧的。结合句中“one of ”、“ways”和“through education”可推知，教育和培训是帮助该地区脱贫的“主要”方式之一。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在东乡土豆行业工作的范晨阳表示，土豆帮助该地区脱贫的主要方式之一是通过教育和培训。A. training培训；B. exhibition展览；C. festival节日；D. export出口。根据句中“helped lift the area out of poverty”和空格前并列名词“education”可推知，教育和“培训”是帮助脱贫的主要方式。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它包括最新的种植方法和疾病预防等主题。A. damage损坏；B. development发展；C. spread扩散；D. prevention预防。结合常识和空格前“disease”可知，与土豆相关的教育和培训应包括最新的种植方法和疾病“预防”。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些会议大大提高了这里生产的土豆的质量和数量。A. reducing减少；B. meeting会面；C. improving提高；D. judging判断。由前文“latest planting methods and disease 12 .”可知，最新的种植方法和疾病预防会“提高”土豆的质量和数量。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：东乡县的羔羊也很有名。A. lamb羔羊；B. architecture建筑；C.dancing跳舞 ；D. rice米饭。根据下文“was encouraged to 15 to his county to set up a company, which is now taking care of around 1,800 sheep 16 by 25 families in his village.”可知，东乡县还养羊，所以“羔羊”也很出名。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：五年前，17岁时离家到中国西北其他地区放羊的玛达·乌德被鼓励回到县里创办了一家公司，现在照看着村里25户人家的约1800只羊。A. appeal呼吁；B. return回来；C. decline下降；D. stop停止。根据上文“who left at the age of 17 in order to raise sheep in other areas of northwest China”可知，玛达·乌德17岁时离开了东乡县，所以现在县里鼓励他“回”家乡养羊。故选B项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：五年前，17岁时离家到中国西北其他地区放羊的玛达·乌德被鼓励回到县里创办了一家公司，现在照看着被村里25户人家拥有的约1800只羊。A.sold卖；B. killed杀害；C.eaten吃；D. owned拥有。由后文“he has helped the villagers raise more and better lambs”可知，这些羊是被25户人家“拥有的”。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：利润将分配给参与的家庭。A. participating参与的；B. competing相互竞争的；C. disabled有残疾的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“which is now taking care of around 1,800 sheep 16 by 25 families in his village”可知，玛达·乌德的公司帮助村民养羊，所以公司利润会分配给“参与的”家庭。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：那里的羊被给予有机食物，并由人工智能系统持续监测。A.occasionally偶尔地B. continuously持续的；C. secretly秘密地；D. carelessly粗心地。由后文“Therefore, 19 all over China can eat with 20 of mind.”可知，全国人民能吃放心肉，说明所有羊是“持续”监管有纪录的。故选B项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，全中国的消费者都可以安心吃。A. businessmen生意人；B.cooks厨师；C. consumers消费者；D. workers工人。根据句中“can eat with”可知，句中讲的是吃羊肉的消费者。故选C项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，全中国的消费者都可以安心吃。A. absence缺席；B. change变化；C. lack缺乏；D. peace和平。根据上文“The sheep there are given organic food and monitored 18 by AI systems.”可知，东乡羊饲养过程安全科学，可以带着“安心”吃。peace of mind“安心”。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last week, I took a small boat and rowed miles along a little river in the middle of New York’s Adirondack Mountains ___41___(escape) the maddening noise in the city.
One of the rewards for this remote trip was the total peace in the mountains. Here, I was completely alone. There was not another soul ___42___ sight. No cars, no signals to draw me toward my phone.
I rowed through little ponds ___43___ (surround) by grass and red berries on the shores. To go deeper into the wild, I made my way through a chain of rocky rapids (急流). As I rowed along I saw a yellow maple leaf pressed against a rock by the current.
When it was impossible for ___44___(I) to row my boat, I tied it to my waist and pulled it behind me, w with my pants rolled to my ___45___(knee). To my delight, I found that the water still held some of the warmth summer.
Soon after I reached a stretch of rapids___46___ were too violent to get through, I was forced to carry my little boat on my shoulders.___47___(walk) along a trail in the shadowy forest, I saw___48___(variety) plants that have started to turn reddish. When the river slowed down again, I put down my boat and rowed on. On ___49___ (arrive) at the end of the little river, I was extremely tired ____50____ I felt really happy and complete relaxed.
【答案】41. to escape
42. in##within
43. surrounded
44. me 45. knees
46. that##which
47. Walking
48. various
49. arrival
50. but
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在Adirondack Mountains划船的经历。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：上周，我乘坐了一条小船，沿着纽约阿迪朗达克山脉中间的一条小河划了数英里，以逃离城市里令人发狂的噪音。分析该句成分可知，此处用所给动词的不定式作目的状语。故填to escape。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：眼前一个人影也没有。in/within sight意为“在视野范围内”，为固定短语。故填in/within。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我划船穿过小池塘，池塘的岸边长满了草和红色的浆果。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作后置定语，修饰ponds。而目surround与ponds之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词surrounded。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：当我划不动船的时候，我就把它系在腰上，拉在身后，裤子卷到膝盖上。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作介词for的宾语，所以用所给代词的宾格形式。故填me。
【45题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：当我划不动船的时候，我就把它系在腰上，拉在身后，裤子卷到膝盖上。根据常识可知，作者会把两条裤腿都卷起来，所以此处用所给名词的复数。故填knees。
【46题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在我到达一段急流后不久，我被迫把我的小船扛在肩上。分析该句成分可知，该句是一个限定性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，且先行词为rapids，所以用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在阴暗的森林里，我沿着一条小路走着，看到各种各样的植物开始变红了。分析该句结构可知，所填词与逻辑主语I存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故用所给动词的现在分词形式，作状语。故填Walking。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在阴暗的森林里，我沿着一条小路走着，看到各种各样的植物开始变红了。根据空后的名词可知，此处需用所给名词的形容词形式。故填various。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：当我到达小河的尽头时，我非常累，但我感到非常高兴和彻底的放松。on/upon +名词，表示“一……就……”。故填arrival。
【50题详解】
考查连词。句意：当我到达小河的尽头时，我非常累，但我感到非常高兴和彻底的放松。根据句意可知，该空用连词but表示转折关系。注意：这里不能用yet，因为空前没有逗号等分隔符。故填but。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10个错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Since the digging of No.3 to No.8 sites begin in October last year, about 500 pieces of relics (文物) have been found at Sanxingdui Ruins in southwest China Sichuan Province. The relics, discovered at six new sites, include the golden masks. Many of them are unique shaped. The new finds have brought the total amount of the relics discovered at the ruins to nearly 2,000. The discoveries has shown that ancient China is far more developed we have expected.
Sanxingdui was discovered in the early twenty century. It has been considering as one of the greatest archaeological (考古的) wonder in the world.
【答案】1. begin→began
2.China→China’s
3.删除the
4.unique→uniquely
5.amount→number
6.has→have
7.we前加上than
8.twenty→twentieth
9.considering→considered
10.wonder→wonders
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在三星堆遗址中发掘出的文物及其意义。
【详解】1.考查时态。句意：自去年十月开始挖掘3号至8号遗址以来，在中国西南部四川省三星堆遗址发现了约500件文物。句中since译为“自从”，引导时间状语从句，主句使用现在完成时，从句应用一般过去时，动词begin应用过去式形式began。故将begin改为began。
2.考查名词所有格。句意：自去年10月开始挖掘3号至8号遗址以来，在中国西南部四川省三星堆遗址发现了约500件文物。结合语意以及常识，三星堆遗址位于中国西南部的四川省，应用名词所有格形式China’s，表示“中国的”，修饰名词Sichuan Province。故将China改为china’s。
3.考查冠词。句意：在六个新地点发现的文物包括黄金面具。masks表示“面具”，为名词的复数形式，表示泛指，前面不需要使用冠词。故删除the。
4.考查副词。句意：其中许多是独特的形状。分析句子结构，修饰动词shape，应用副词形式作状语。故将unique改为uniquely。
5.考查名词。句意：这些新发现使遗址中发现的文物总数接近2000件。the number of为固定搭配，表示“……的数量”，符合句意。故将amount改为number。
6.考查主谓一致。句意：这些发现表明，古代中国比我们预期的要发达得多。主语the discoveries是复数，谓语动词应用have shown。故将has改为have。
7.考查连词。句意：这些发现表明，古代中国比我们预期的要发达得多。结合语意，古代中国与我们预期的相比，要发达得多，前后表示比较，应用连词than，表示“比”。故在we前加上than。
8.考查序数词。句意：三星堆发现于二十世纪初。in the early twentieth century表示“在二十世纪初”，应用序数词twentieth表示“第二十”。故将twenty改为twentieth。
9.考查语态。句意：它一直被认为是世界上最伟大的考古奇迹之一。结合语意，consider与主语It之间是被动关系，应用动词的过去分词形式，与has been构成现在完成时的被动语态。故将considering改为considered。
10.考查名词。句意：它一直被认为是世界上最伟大的考古奇迹之一。“one of+复数可数名词”为固定结构，表示“……之一”，wonder表示“奇迹”，复数形式为wonders。故将wonder改为wonders。
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
52. 英语课上，你们班准备就“分数与能力”进行一次讨论。请发表你的看法，内容包括：
1.简要评论现状； 2.你的观点及建议。
注意:1.词数100左右；
2.题目已为你写好。
Score and Ability
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Score and Ability
In China, students have to take many exams. They have to get a good mark to enter a better college.To some extent, the score decides a student’s future.
In my opinion, a score doesn’t mean everything. It just proves that the student is good at studying, not including his ability in other things. One of my classmates does well in the exams. He almost can get a full mark in each exam. However, he is weak in hand-work and even always fails to make some artwork.
Therefore a high score doesn’t mean overall ability. We should put our ability first as it makes us a better man.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生就“分数与能力”简要评论现状，并说明自己的观点及建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
进入大学：enter a college→be admitted into a collegey
在某种程度上：to some extent→in some degree
证明：prove→demonstrate
然而：however→nevertheless
2.句式拓展
句型转换
原句：In my opinion, a score doesn’t mean everything. It just proves that the student is good at studying, not including his ability in other things.
拓展句：In my opinion, a score doesn’t mean everything, which just proves that the student is good at studying, not including his ability in other things.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It just proves that the student is good at studying, not including his ability in other things.（运用了that引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】We should put our ability first as it makes us a better man.（运用了as引导原因状语从句）
听力答案：1~5 ABBOC 6~10 BCABA 11~15 ACCAB 16~20 ABACB
高三英语
考生注意：
1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4.本卷命题范围：高考范围。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分;满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man’s favorite program?
A. Sports. B. History. C. Nature.
2. What will the man do for the woman?
A. Call for an ambulance. B. Lend his phone to her. C. Deal with an accident.
3. What does the woman think of wearing the seatbelt?
A. Unimportant. B. Necessary. C. Comfortable.
4. How does the man probably feel?
A. Excited. B. Amused. C. Scared.
5. Who does the laptop belong to?
A. Tom. B. Alice. C. Jack.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How many stops are there before the man gets to his destination?
A. Ten. B. Twelve. C. Fourteen.
7. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. On the Great Wall. B. In a store. C. On a bus.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.What does the man ask for at first?
A. Orange juice. B. Ice cream. C. Fried chicken.
9. What does the man say about the French fries?
A. They are cold. B. They are tasty. C. They are too hot.
10. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Old friends. B. Husband and wife. C. Waitress and customer.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What did the man do last week?
A. He made a reservation for a room.
B. He lived in the hotel for two days.
C He traveled to Seattle with his wife.
12. What is the man’s room like?
A. It has a bar inside. B. It has two baths. C. It has twin beds.
13. Where is the cafeteria?
A. On the second floor. B. On the eighth floor. C. On the top floor.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Why does the woman talk to the man?
A. To ask for directions.
B. To recommend a hotel to him.
C. To invite him to go sightseeing.
15. Where is the Royal Hotel?
A. Near the first crossing. B. Opposite the post office. C. At the second traffic light.
16. How will the woman go to the Royal Hotel?
A. By taxi. B. On foot. C. By bus.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did the earliest form of the blues function as among slaves?
A. Timing. B. Communication. C. Rules for survival.
18. What did the blues start out with?
A. Human voices. B. Musical instruments. C. Birds’ sounds.
19. What is Bessie Smith?
A. A popular pianist. B. A great historian. C. A famous blues singer.
20. When did Bessie Smith pass away?
A. In 1894. B. In 1937. C. In 1980.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Absolutely Unputdownable Books You Have to Read
Flowers for Algernon
Daniel Keyes
If you’re seeking a fast read, try this short story by Daniel Keyes. He’ll show you how a person who is mentally disabled feels while going from a simple gatekeeper at a bakery, whose IQ is less than 60, to a genius(天才)and the most intelligent person on the planet. In a situation like this, is it possible to overcome your fear and deal with loneliness? Daniel Keyes offers his answer to this question.
A Certain Smile
Francoise Sagan
If you don’t enjoy thrillers or sci-fi and stories about dragon-riding detectives, and if you’re longing for something comforting, slow and gentle, this beautiful little book by Francoise Sagan is just what you need. It’s a pleasant exception among traditional romance novels: you’ll find all of the advantages of high-quality literature here. And yes, it’s a real page-turner.
Orphans of the Sky
Robert A. Heinlein
A giant generation ship is sailing without guidance through the depths of the universe. Its passengers have long forgotten the outside world and believed in a pre-technological culture marked by superstition(迷信). This novel brought Heinlein wide recognition, and will grasp you tight and won’t let you go for months or even years afterward. Are we, the digital generation, different from the passengers of that imaginary spaceship?
95 Pounds of Hope
Anna Gavalda
Referring to a real person’s experiences, this little poetic story is about the main things in life; choices we make, the power of love and devotion. The story of a thirteen-year-old boy who one day has to gather all his strength and courage and take a step towards adulthood proves once again that dreams do come true. After all, no matter how many pounds we have, we’re all trying not to lose hope.
1. Whose book tells the story of a mentally disabled person?
A. Daniel Keyes’s. B. Anna Gavalda’s. C. Francoise Sagan’s. D. Robert A. Heinlein’s.
2. What kind of book might Orphans of the Sky be?
A. A history book. B. A science fiction. C. A detective story. D. A romance novel.
3. What is special about 95 Pounds of Hope?
A. It brings its author high praise. B. It is just intended for adult readers.
C. It is about how to overcome fear. D. It is based on true life experiences.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本令人爱不释手的书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Flowers for Algernon部分“He’ll show you how a person who is mentally disabled feels while going from a simple gatekeeper at a bakery, whose IQ is less than 60, to a genius(天才)and the most intelligent person on the planet. (他将向你展示一个智障人士如何从一个智商低于60的面包房看门人变成一个天才，一个地球上最聪明的人。)”可知，Daniel Keyes的书是关于一个智力障碍人士的故事。故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据 Orphans of the Sky 部分“A giant generation ship is sailing without guidance through the depths of the universe. (一艘巨大的世代船在没有向导的情况下航行在宇宙深处。)”可知，本书是讲述一艘太空船行驶在太空深处时发生的故事，再结合后文的“Are we, the digital generation, different from the passengers of that imaginary spaceship? (我们，数字一代，与想象中的宇宙飞船上的乘客不同吗?)”可推断，这是一部科幻小说。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据95 Pounds of Hope部分“Referring to a real person’s experiences, this little poetic story is about the main things in life; (关于一个真实的人的经历，这个诗意的小故事是关于生活中的主要事情；)”可知，这本书是作者根据真人的真实经历写的，这是它与其他三本书不同的地方。故选D。
B
Anne Lacaton and Jean-Phippe Vassal, this year’s Pritzker Prize winners, were as surprised as anyone else when the most famous award in architecture was made public yesterday.
“Of course it’s very pleasant, and we are very pleased,”Lacaton said at a conference with her partner, both smiling broadly from their black eyeglasses.
Putting aside their eyeglasses, Lacaton and Vassal could not be more different from an earlier generation of Pritzker winners, known for their easily recognizable styles and grand work. Instead, the two apply their simple guideline to their work on old urban buildings for low-income families: Never destroy, never remove or replace, always add, transform, and reuse!
When Lacaton and Vassal were asked to redesign a particularly large and over-crowded public housing block in Bordeaux in 2017, the residents (居民) told them they could not afford to move, even temporarily, but they wanted bigger units. Their solution was to replace the folding wooden front door with sliding glass door to each unit and painted the ugly walls with something bright. Suddenly, everyone had roomy outdoor space, some of which could be used during the winter as “winter gardens.”
“So, people can not only get sun and light and spend time with family, but it’s also open to neighbors,” Columbia University architecture professor Mabel Wilson.“I would love to live in one of the apartments t they’ve redesigned.”
Their approach of cheap and creative re-adaption could be a model for urban planning in the US, Wilson adds, where destruction has been seen as a solution to old public housing in such cities as Chicago and St. Louis.
There’s a lot of violence in architecture and urbanism. We try to be precise. We try to work with kindness” Lacaton once explained.“Buildings are beautiful when people feel well in them, when the light inside is beautiful and the air is pleasant, when the exchange with the outside seems easy and gentle, and when uses and sensations are unexpected,”
Lacaton and Vassal started their firm in Paris in 1987. Together, they worked primarily in France.
4. Why are Lacaton’s and Vassal’s eyeglasses mentioned in paragraph 3?
A. To draw readers attention to their unusual color.
B. To show that Pritzker Prize winners need eyeglasses.
C. To tell us how surprised and happy they are for the prize
D. To stress their only possible similarity with other Pritzker winners.
5. What did Lacaton and Vassal do in the Bordeaux public housing project?
A. They built winter gardens in the outdoor space.
B. They destroyed the walls to provide more space.
C. They just changed the doors and repainted the walls.
D. They provided bigger temporary rooms for the residents.
6. What have Lacaton and Vassal most probably done to win the Pritzker Prize?
A. They have built many public houses with unique styles.
B. They have designed various famous buildings in the world.
C. They have provided free services for poor families in the US.
D. They have tried to transform old urban buildings with kindness.
7. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Architecture. B. Environment. C. Lifestyle. D. Politics.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。今年的普利策建筑奖意外地颁发给了致力于城市旧公租房改造的Anne Lacaton和Jean-Philippe Vassal。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Putting aside their eyeglasses, Lacaton and Vassal could not be more different from an earlier generation of Pritzker winners, known for their easily recognizable styles and grand work.(抛开眼镜不谈，Lacaton和Vassal与前一代的普利茨克获奖者没有什么相同，他们以易于识别的风格和宏大的作品而闻名)”可知，作者是在以戏谑的口气强调这两位获奖者和其他的普利策奖得主之间除了那副眼镜有点相似外，就没有其他的共同点。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Their solution was to replace the folding wooden front door with sliding glass door to each unit and painted the ugly walls with something bright.(他们解决方案是将每个单元的折叠木门换成滑动玻璃门，并将丑陋的墙壁涂上明亮的颜色)”可知，他们只是重新设计了大门及重新粉刷了墙壁。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Instead，the two apply their simple guideline to their work on old urban buildings for low-income families: Never destroy, never remove or replace, always add, transform, and reuse!(相反，两人将他们的简单指导方针应用于低收入家庭的旧城市建筑：永远不要破坏、永远不要拆除或更换，永远要添加、改造和再利用！)”及第七段“There’s a lot of violence in architecture and urbanism. We try to be precise. We try to work with kindness,’Lacaton once explained.(建筑和城市化中有很多暴力。我们尽量做到准确。Lacaton曾解释说：“我们努力以善意工作。”)”可推断，他们很可能是因城市旧房改造理念中的人文关怀而获奖的。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“Anne Lacaton and Jean-Phippe Vassal, this year’s Pritzker Prize winners,were as surprised as anyone else when the most famous award in architecture was made public yesterday.(安妮·拉卡顿（Anne Lacaton）和让·菲普·瓦萨尔（Jean Phippe Vassal）是今年的普利茨克奖（Pritzker Prize）获得者，当这个最著名的建筑奖昨天公布时，他们和其他人一样感到惊讶)”以及后文可知，本文主要介绍了Anne Lacaton及Jean-PhilippeVassal的城市旧房改造理念，因此很可能出现在报纸的“建筑”版面。故选A项。
C
On October 12,2021,China officially announced its first five national parks, which are homes to endangered species ranging from the Siberian tigers on the Russian border to the world’s last 30 Hainan black crested gibbons(黑冠长臂猿)in southern China’s tropical rainforest.
By uniting hundreds of protected areas managed by various provinces, the new national park system’s goal is to strengthen conservation under the central authority of the new National Forestry and Grassland Administration(NFGA)
These five parks cover an area two-third the size of the US national park system. The largest, Sanjiangyuan National Park in Qinghai Province, is almost the size of Mississippi.
With such an ambitious plan, there are bound to be challenges. For one the government has to balance the need for the livelihoods of the locals with wildlife conservation. It has not announced a plan to create a permitting system that would regulate how people enjoy nature. What’s more,ecotourism-which is defined as tourism that benefits both locals and their environment-only exists in a fifth of China’s nature reserves.
But there’s hope that the existing ecotourism projects in such nature reserves as Sanjiangyuan National Park and Wolong Nature Reserve will inspire efforts elsewhere in the new park system. Since 2018, Sanjiangyuan National Park has run a community-led tourism program that benefits both locals and snow leopards(豹), the park’s main tourist draw. For $43 a day, visitors can stay with local families, who act as guides to spot these rare “cats” in the wild.
“The community has made all the major decisions, and 100 percent of the income stays in the community. It’s been incredibly successful,” says Marc Brody, who has worked in China since 1994.
NFGA agrees that well-designed ecotourism can improve local ecosystems. It says that a core mission(核心使命)of China’s national parks is to promote eco-civilizationa mission that can be advanced by involving visitors Written into China’s constitution(宪法)in 2012, eco-civilization means scientifically balancing the economic development and the environmental protection.
8. Which park is home to the thirty endangered gibbons?
A. Hainan National Park. B. Wolong Nature Reserve.
C. Northeast National Park. D. Sanjiangyuan National Park.
9. What can be learned about Sanjiangyuan National Park?
A. It is bigger than Mississippi. B. It sits on the Russian border.
C. It is a pioneer in ecotourism. D. It has a mature permitting system.
10. Which word best describes Marc Brody’s attitude to ecotourism?
A. Skeptical. B. Unconcerned C. Disapproving D. Positive
11. What is the main purpose of China’s national parks?
A. To protect the endangered animals.
B. To help the local people out of poverty.
C. To balance the economy and the environment.
D. To set a better development example for the world.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了我国刚刚成立的五个国家公园的特色、存在的问题及解决办法。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“On October 12,2021,China officially announced its first five national parks, which are homes to endangered species ranging from the Siberian tigers on the Russian border to the world’s last 30 Hainan black crested gibbons(黑冠长臂猿)in southern China’s tropical rainforest.(2021年10月12日，中国正式宣布建立首批5个国家公园，这些公园是濒危物种的家园，从俄罗斯边境的西伯利亚虎到中国南部热带雨林中世界上最后30只海南黑冠长臂猿。)”可知海南国家公园是30只濒临灭绝的黑冠长臂猿的家园。故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“But there’s hope that the existing ecotourism projects in such nature reserves as Sanjiangyuan National Park and Wolong Nature Reserve will inspire efforts elsewhere in the new park system.(但人们希望，三江源国家公园和卧龙自然保护区等自然保护区的现有生态旅游项目将激励其他地方在新的公园体系中做出努力。)”可知三江源国家公园是生态旅游的开拓者之一。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第六段“The community has made all the major decisions, and 100 percent of the income stays in the community. It’s been incredibly successful,” says Marc Brody, who has worked in China since 1994.(社区已经做出了所有的主要决定，百分之百的收入将留在社区。从1994年开始在中国工作的Marc Brody说。)”可知Marc Brody对生态旅游的态度是积极肯定的。故选D项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“NFGA agrees that well-designed ecotourism can improve local ecosystems.It says that a core mission(核心使命)of China's national parks is to promote eco-civilization mission that can be advanced by involving visitors Written into China’s constitution(宪法)in 2012，eco-civilization means scientifically balancing the economic development and the environmental protection. (NFGA认为精心设计的生态旅游可以改善当地的生态系统。它说中国国家公园的核心使命是促进生态文明，这一使命可以通过让游客参与来推进。2012年，中国宪法将生态文明写入，意味着科学地平衡经济发展和环境保护。)”可知，建立国家公园的主要目的是科学平衡经济发展与环境保护。故选C项。
D
Climate science has been rapidly advancing in recent years, but the foundations were laid hundreds of years ago.
In the 1820s, French scientist Joseph Fourier theorized that Earth must have some way of keeping heat and that the atmosphere may play some role. In 1850, American scientist Eunice Newton Foote put thermometers(温度计)in glass bottles and experimented with placing them in sunlight. Inside the bottles, Foote compared dry air, wet air, N2, O2 and CO, and found that the bottle containing humid air warmed up more and stayed hotter longer than the bottle containing dry air,and that it was followed by the bottle containing CO2. In 1859, Irish scientist John Tyndall began measuring how much heat different gases in the atmosphere absorb. And in 1896, Swedish scientist Svante Arrhenius concluded that more CO2 in the atmosphere would cause the planet to heat up: These findings planted some of the earliest seeds of climate science.
The first critical breakthrough happened in 1967 when Syukuro Manabe and Richard Wetherald connected energy absorbed by the atmosphere to the air movement vertically over Earth.They built a model which first included all the main physical processes related to climate changes. The predictions and the explanations based on their model still hold true in the real world almost half a century later.
The model was improved in the 1980s by Klaus Hasselmann who connected short-term weather patterns with long-term climate changes. Hasselmann found that even random weather data could yield insight into broader patterns.
“ The greatest uncertainty in the model remains what human beings will do. Figuring it out is 1,000 times harder than understanding the physics behind climate changes,” Manabe said.“ There are many things we can do to prevent climate change. The whole question is whether people will realize that something which will happen in20 or 30 years is something you have to respond to now.”
So, it’s up to us to solve the problem that these pioneers helped the world understand.
12. What does the word “humid” underlined in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Cool. B. Cold. C. Dry. D. Wet.
13. What is Klaus Hasselmann’s contribution to climate science?
A. He found that CO2 causes global warming.
B. He invented a unique measuring instrument.
C. He improved Manabe and Wetherald’s model.
D. He built a reliable model on climate change.
14. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?
A. The biggest problem with the climate model.
B. The necessity for human beings to take action now.
C. The challenge of understanding climate change.
D. Measures to be taken to prevent climate change.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Negative Effects of the Global Warming
B. Historic Breakthroughs in Climate Science
C. Main Causes Leading to Climate Change
D. Difficulties of Preventing Climate Change
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气象科学的发展历程及不同时期的科学家所做的贡献。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段划线词所在句子“Inside the bottles, Foote compared dry air, wet air, N2, O2 and CO, and found that the bottle containing humid air warmed up more and stayed hotter longer than the bottle containing dry air,and that it was followed by the bottle containing CO2.(在瓶子内部，Foote比较了干燥空气、潮湿空气、N2、O2和CO，发现含有humid空气的瓶子比含有干燥空气的瓶子加热得更多，保持温度的时间更长，其次是含有二氧化碳的瓶子。)”可知，该划线词与后面的dry为相对词或反义词，对两种空气的情况做对比，所以该词应该是“dry”的反义词，应该是“潮湿的/湿润的”，与 wet意思相近。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The model was improved in the 1980s by Klaus Hasselmann who connected short-term weather patterns with long-term climate changes.(该模型在20世纪80年代被Klaus Hasselmann改进，他将短期天气模式与长期气候变化联系起来。)”可知，他的贡献在于改进了Syukuro Manabe and Richard Wetherald建造的这个模型。故选C项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段“The greatest uncertainty in the model remains what human beings will do. Figuring it out is 1,000 times harder than understanding the physics behind climate changes,” Manabe said.“ There are many things we can do to prevent climate change. The whole question is whether people will realize that something which will happen in20 or 30 years is something you have to respond to now.”(这个模型最大的不确定性仍然是人类会做什么。弄清楚这一点比理解气候变化背后的物理原理难1000倍，”真部说。“我们可以做很多事情来防止气候变化。整个问题是，人们是否会意识到，20年或30年后会发生的事情是你现在必须应对的事情)”可知，气候模型创立者Syukuro Manabe认为，人类的行为对将来的气候影响至关重要，而人类非常有必要马上为将来的气候变化采取行动，不能任其自然。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段“Climate science has been rapidly advancing in recent years, but the foundations were laid hundreds of years ago.(气候科学近年来发展迅速，但其基础早在几百年前就奠定了)”可知，几百年前人们就在研究气候，之后介绍了French scientist Joseph Fourier和Irish scientist John Tyndall的实验得出的理论，第三四段介绍了Syukuro Manabe and Richard Wetherald建造的模型和和Klaus Hasselmann对其进行的改良，所以本文主要介绍了气象科学的发展历程及不同时期的重大突破。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Talking to someone on a train, bus, or subway can be risky yet exciting, as you never know when they’re going to get off. Starting a connection can be fun as the costs are fairly low and you can easily start and stop a conversation, or get off if things become awkward. ____16____
Make eye contact. Making brief eye contact can show the persons that you’re interested and help you judge whether they are interested in you. Glance at the persons and try to hold your gaze (注视) for just a second or two.____17____If they meet your gaze, it’s likely positive. If they look away quickly or appear disinterested, it’s probably best not to approach.
Smile at the persons. If you’ve successfully met their gaze, smile at them.
____18____If they smile back, you’re likely in luck in getting them to talk to you.
If you want to start a conversation with the persons, smiling is a great way to get somebody’s attention.
____19____Make a point to appear open, comfortable and available. Do this by keeping your arms uncrossed. Stand or sit up straight and show good posture (姿势). Don’t cross your body or turn away from the persons, as these gestures can make you appear closed off or disinterested.
Approach the persons to start talking to them. ____20____If you’re far away, move closer. You should be a comfortable distance where you can hear each other yet not feel awkward if the conversation doesn’t work out.
A. Use open body language.
B. Mind your manners while talking.
C. Notice how they respond to your gaze.
D. Don’t worry because you can follow some tips that make you smile.
E. Once you’ve read that the persons are interested in chatting, make a move.
F. A small but sincere smile makes you appear interested, friendly and approachable.
G. Therefore, try to get someone’s attention and start a conversation by following the tips.
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. F 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述如何在火车、公共汽车或地铁上开始一段对话
【16题详解】
根据上文“Starting a connection can be fun as the costs are fairly low and you can easily start and stop a conversation, or get off if things become awkward. (开始一段关系是很有趣的，因为成本相当低，你可以很容易地开始和结束一段对话，或者如果事情变得尴尬就离开)”结合下文关于如何开始一段对话的建议可知，空处内容应开启下文，指出开始和别人对话是有方可循的，G项“Therefore, try to get someone’s attention and start a conversation by following the tips.(因此，试着引起别人的注意，按照下面的建议开始对话)”符合文意。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Glance at the persons and try to hold your gaze for just a second or two.(看一眼对方，试着保持你的目光停留一两秒钟)”以及后文“If they meet your gaze, it’s likely positive. (如果他们与你目光相遇，那很可能是积极的)”可知，空处应是注意对方的回应，C项“关注他们对你的目光作何反应”符合题意。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据后文“If they smile back, you’re likely in luck in getting them to talk to you.(如果他们也对你微笑，你很可能会幸运地让他们和你说话)”中的smile back可知，空处应该是你对他人微笑，F项“一个小而真诚的微笑会让你显得感兴趣、友好、平易近人”符合题意，smile为原词复现。故选F项。
【19题详解】
空处为本段主旨句。根据后文“Do this by keeping your arms uncrossed. Stand or sit up straight and show good posture. Don’t cross your body or turn away from the persons, as these gestures can make you appear closed off or disinterested.(保持双臂不交叉。站或坐直，表现良好的姿势。不要越过你的身体或转身离开对方，因为这些动作会让你看起来封闭或不感兴趣)”可知，本段主要讲与人交流时要用开放的身体姿势，所以A项“使用开放的肢体语言”符合。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Approach the persons to start talking to them. (接近这些人，开始和他们交谈)”以及后文“If you’re far away, move closer. (如果你离得很远，那就靠近点)”可知，如何这些人喜欢聊天的话，就可以和他们走得更近点。E项“一旦你得知对方对聊天感兴趣，就采取行动”符合题意。故选E项。
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last month, Dongxiang County in Gansu Province was officially removed from the “List of Poorest Counties in China”.
Landlocked in China’s northwest, Dongxiang County is___21___to 256,828 Dongxiang people, one of China’s 55 ethnic(民族的) minorities. In 2013, nearly a third of its ___22___ was still living under the absolute poverty line.
So, how did they do it?
Most of Dongxiang people are ___23___who grow wheat and potatoes. Then it is ___24___that anti-poverty projects the county often ___25___ food.
The potatoes here are___26___. Dongxiang people have many ways of ___27___ potatoes for the table, including spicy potato slices, sour potato rolls, whole potatoes ___28___ under a bed of hot rocks, and even potato noodles. Now these potato ___29___are sold all over China.
Fan Chenyang, who works in the Dongxiang potato industry, said that one of the ___30___ways potatoes helped lift the area out of poverty was through education and ___31___. It includes topics like latest planting methods and disease___32___ . “These sessions have helped a lot in ___33___ both the quality and quantity of the potatoes being produced here,” he said.
Dongxiang County is also famous for its ___34___. Five years ago, Mada Wude, who left at the age of 17 in order to raise sheep in other areas of northwest China, was encouraged to ___35___ to his county to set up company, which is now taking care of around 1,800 sheep ___36___ by 25 families in his village. Over the five years, he has helped the villagers raise more and better lambs. The profit is distributed to the___37___families. The sheep there are given organic food and monitored ___38___by AI systems. Therefore, ___39___all over China can eat with ___40___ of mind.
21. A. witness B. access C. home D. entry
22. A. crew B. population C. police D. children
23. A. farmers B. fishermen C. singers D. hunters
24 A. unbelievable B. acceptable C. avoidable D. understandable
25. A. center on B. apply for C. give up D. suffer from
26. A. small B. sweet C. famous D. expensive
27. A. cleaning B. cutting C. planting D. preparing
28. A. rotten B. baked C. fried D. hidden
29. A. rocks B. products C. chips D. tools
30. A. wrong B. different C. main D. tough
31. A. training B. exhibition C. festival D. export
32. A. damage B. development C. spread D. prevention
33. A. reducing B. meeting C. improving D. judging
34. A. lamb B. architecture C. dancing D. rice
35. A. appeal B. return C. decline D. stop
36. A. sold B. killed C. eaten D. owned
37. A. participating B. competing C. disabled D. disappointed
38. A. occasionally B. continuously C. secretly D. carelessly
39. A. businessmen B. cooks C. consumers D. workers
40. A. absence B. change C. lack D. peace
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了地处西北内陆的东乡族自治县是如何依靠优势作物，闯出一条脱贫致富之路的。
【21题详解】
考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：东乡县位于中国西北内陆，是256.828名东乡人的家乡，东乡人是中国55个少数民族之一。A. witness目击者；B. access入口；C. home生息地，家乡，家的；D. entry进入。根据“Dongxiang County”和“256.828 Dongxiang people”的关系可知，东乡县是东乡人的“家乡”。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2013年，仍有近三分之一的东乡县人口生活在绝对贫困线以下。A. crew全体船员；B.population人口；C. police警察；D. children孩子们。根据句中“living under the absolute poverty line”可知，句中说的是三分之一的东乡县“人口”生活在绝对贫困线以下。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数东乡人是种植小麦和土豆的农民。A. farmers农民；B.fishermen渔夫；C. singers歌手；D. hunters猎人。根据“who grow wheat and potatoes”可知，大多数东乡人是“农民”。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那么，县里的扶贫项目往往以粮食为中心就可以理解了。A. unbelievable不可信的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. avoidable可避免的；D. understandable可以理解的。根据上文“grow wheat and potatoes”可知，大多数东乡人是农民，所以东乡县的扶贫项目以粮食为中心是“可以理解的”。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：那么，县里的扶贫项目往往以粮食为中心就可以理解了。A.center on集中，着重于；B.apply for申请；C.give up放弃；D.suffer from遭受。由前文“grow wheat and potatoes” 可知，因为大多数是农民，所以扶贫项目应是“着重于”食物方面。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这里的土豆很有名。A. small少的；B. sweet甜的；C. famous著名的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据下文“Now these potato 9 are sold all over China.”可知，东乡土豆很有名。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：东乡人有很多种为餐桌准备土豆的方法，包括辣土豆片、酸土豆卷、在热石头床下烤的全土豆，甚至土豆面。A.cleaning清理；B. cutting切；C. planting种植；D. preparing准备。由后文“spicy potato slices, sour potato rolls”可知，这里主要讲土豆不同“准备或者做”的方式。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：东乡人有很多种为餐桌准备土豆的方法，包括辣土豆片、酸土豆卷、在热石头床下烤的全土豆，甚至土豆面。A.rotten腐烂；B. baked烤；C. fried油炸；D. hidden隐藏。由后文“under a bed of hot rocks”可知，应该是“烤”土豆。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在这些土豆制品在中国各地都有销售。A. rocks岩石；B. products产品；C. chips炸土豆条；D. tools工具。根据句中“are sold all over China”可知，东乡土豆“产品”卖到世界各地。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在东乡土豆行业工作的范晨阳表示，土豆帮助该地区脱贫的主要方式之一是通过教育和培训。A. wrong错误的；B. different不同的；C. main主要的；D. tough坚韧的。结合句中“one of ”、“ways”和“through education”可推知，教育和培训是帮助该地区脱贫的“主要”方式之一。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在东乡土豆行业工作的范晨阳表示，土豆帮助该地区脱贫的主要方式之一是通过教育和培训。A. training培训；B. exhibition展览；C. festival节日；D. export出口。根据句中“helped lift the area out of poverty”和空格前并列名词“education”可推知，教育和“培训”是帮助脱贫的主要方式。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它包括最新的种植方法和疾病预防等主题。A. damage损坏；B. development发展；C. spread扩散；D. prevention预防。结合常识和空格前“disease”可知，与土豆相关的教育和培训应包括最新的种植方法和疾病“预防”。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些会议大大提高了这里生产的土豆的质量和数量。A. reducing减少；B. meeting会面；C. improving提高；D. judging判断。由前文“latest planting methods and disease 12 .”可知，最新的种植方法和疾病预防会“提高”土豆的质量和数量。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：东乡县的羔羊也很有名。A. lamb羔羊；B. architecture建筑；C.dancing跳舞 ；D. rice米饭。根据下文“was encouraged to 15 to his county to set up a company, which is now taking care of around 1,800 sheep 16 by 25 families in his village.”可知，东乡县还养羊，所以“羔羊”也很出名。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：五年前，17岁时离家到中国西北其他地区放羊的玛达·乌德被鼓励回到县里创办了一家公司，现在照看着村里25户人家的约1800只羊。A. appeal呼吁；B. return回来；C. decline下降；D. stop停止。根据上文“who left at the age of 17 in order to raise sheep in other areas of northwest China”可知，玛达·乌德17岁时离开了东乡县，所以现在县里鼓励他“回”家乡养羊。故选B项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：五年前，17岁时离家到中国西北其他地区放羊的玛达·乌德被鼓励回到县里创办了一家公司，现在照看着被村里25户人家拥有的约1800只羊。A.sold卖；B. killed杀害；C.eaten吃；D. owned拥有。由后文“he has helped the villagers raise more and better lambs”可知，这些羊是被25户人家“拥有的”。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：利润将分配给参与的家庭。A. participating参与的；B. competing相互竞争的；C. disabled有残疾的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“which is now taking care of around 1,800 sheep 16 by 25 families in his village”可知，玛达·乌德的公司帮助村民养羊，所以公司利润会分配给“参与的”家庭。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：那里的羊被给予有机食物，并由人工智能系统持续监测。A.occasionally偶尔地B. continuously持续的；C. secretly秘密地；D. carelessly粗心地。由后文“Therefore, 19 all over China can eat with 20 of mind.”可知，全国人民能吃放心肉，说明所有羊是“持续”监管有纪录的。故选B项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，全中国的消费者都可以安心吃。A. businessmen生意人；B.cooks厨师；C. consumers消费者；D. workers工人。根据句中“can eat with”可知，句中讲的是吃羊肉的消费者。故选C项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，全中国的消费者都可以安心吃。A. absence缺席；B. change变化；C. lack缺乏；D. peace和平。根据上文“The sheep there are given organic food and monitored 18 by AI systems.”可知，东乡羊饲养过程安全科学，可以带着“安心”吃。peace of mind“安心”。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last week, I took a small boat and rowed miles along a little river in the middle of New York’s Adirondack Mountains ___41___(escape) the maddening noise in the city.
One of the rewards for this remote trip was the total peace in the mountains. Here, I was completely alone. There was not another soul ___42___ sight. No cars, no signals to draw me toward my phone.
I rowed through little ponds ___43___ (surround) by grass and red berries on the shores. To go deeper into the wild, I made my way through a chain of rocky rapids (急流). As I rowed along I saw a yellow maple leaf pressed against a rock by the current.
When it was impossible for ___44___(I) to row my boat, I tied it to my waist and pulled it behind me, w with my pants rolled to my ___45___(knee). To my delight, I found that the water still held some of the warmth summer.
Soon after I reached a stretch of rapids___46___ were too violent to get through, I was forced to carry my little boat on my shoulders.___47___(walk) along a trail in the shadowy forest, I saw___48___(variety) plants that have started to turn reddish. When the river slowed down again, I put down my boat and rowed on. On ___49___ (arrive) at the end of the little river, I was extremely tired ____50____ I felt really happy and complete relaxed.
【答案】41. to escape
42. in##within
43. surrounded
44. me 45. knees
46. that##which
47. Walking
48. various
49. arrival
50. but
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在Adirondack Mountains划船的经历。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：上周，我乘坐了一条小船，沿着纽约阿迪朗达克山脉中间的一条小河划了数英里，以逃离城市里令人发狂的噪音。分析该句成分可知，此处用所给动词的不定式作目的状语。故填to escape。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：眼前一个人影也没有。in/within sight意为“在视野范围内”，为固定短语。故填in/within。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我划船穿过小池塘，池塘的岸边长满了草和红色的浆果。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作后置定语，修饰ponds。而目surround与ponds之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词surrounded。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：当我划不动船的时候，我就把它系在腰上，拉在身后，裤子卷到膝盖上。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作介词for的宾语，所以用所给代词的宾格形式。故填me。
【45题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：当我划不动船的时候，我就把它系在腰上，拉在身后，裤子卷到膝盖上。根据常识可知，作者会把两条裤腿都卷起来，所以此处用所给名词的复数。故填knees。
【46题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在我到达一段急流后不久，我被迫把我的小船扛在肩上。分析该句成分可知，该句是一个限定性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，且先行词为rapids，所以用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在阴暗的森林里，我沿着一条小路走着，看到各种各样的植物开始变红了。分析该句结构可知，所填词与逻辑主语I存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故用所给动词的现在分词形式，作状语。故填Walking。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在阴暗的森林里，我沿着一条小路走着，看到各种各样的植物开始变红了。根据空后的名词可知，此处需用所给名词的形容词形式。故填various。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：当我到达小河的尽头时，我非常累，但我感到非常高兴和彻底的放松。on/upon +名词，表示“一……就……”。故填arrival。
【50题详解】
考查连词。句意：当我到达小河的尽头时，我非常累，但我感到非常高兴和彻底的放松。根据句意可知，该空用连词but表示转折关系。注意：这里不能用yet，因为空前没有逗号等分隔符。故填but。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10个错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Since the digging of No.3 to No.8 sites begin in October last year, about 500 pieces of relics (文物) have been found at Sanxingdui Ruins in southwest China Sichuan Province. The relics, discovered at six new sites, include the golden masks. Many of them are unique shaped. The new finds have brought the total amount of the relics discovered at the ruins to nearly 2,000. The discoveries has shown that ancient China is far more developed we have expected.
Sanxingdui was discovered in the early twenty century. It has been considering as one of the greatest archaeological (考古的) wonder in the world.
【答案】1. begin→began
2.China→China’s
3.删除the
4.unique→uniquely
5.amount→number
6.has→have
7.we前加上than
8.twenty→twentieth
9.considering→considered
10.wonder→wonders
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在三星堆遗址中发掘出的文物及其意义。
【详解】1.考查时态。句意：自去年十月开始挖掘3号至8号遗址以来，在中国西南部四川省三星堆遗址发现了约500件文物。句中since译为“自从”，引导时间状语从句，主句使用现在完成时，从句应用一般过去时，动词begin应用过去式形式began。故将begin改为began。
2.考查名词所有格。句意：自去年10月开始挖掘3号至8号遗址以来，在中国西南部四川省三星堆遗址发现了约500件文物。结合语意以及常识，三星堆遗址位于中国西南部的四川省，应用名词所有格形式China’s，表示“中国的”，修饰名词Sichuan Province。故将China改为china’s。
3.考查冠词。句意：在六个新地点发现的文物包括黄金面具。masks表示“面具”，为名词的复数形式，表示泛指，前面不需要使用冠词。故删除the。
4.考查副词。句意：其中许多是独特的形状。分析句子结构，修饰动词shape，应用副词形式作状语。故将unique改为uniquely。
5.考查名词。句意：这些新发现使遗址中发现的文物总数接近2000件。the number of为固定搭配，表示“……的数量”，符合句意。故将amount改为number。
6.考查主谓一致。句意：这些发现表明，古代中国比我们预期的要发达得多。主语the discoveries是复数，谓语动词应用have shown。故将has改为have。
7.考查连词。句意：这些发现表明，古代中国比我们预期的要发达得多。结合语意，古代中国与我们预期的相比，要发达得多，前后表示比较，应用连词than，表示“比”。故在we前加上than。
8.考查序数词。句意：三星堆发现于二十世纪初。in the early twentieth century表示“在二十世纪初”，应用序数词twentieth表示“第二十”。故将twenty改为twentieth。
9.考查语态。句意：它一直被认为是世界上最伟大的考古奇迹之一。结合语意，consider与主语It之间是被动关系，应用动词的过去分词形式，与has been构成现在完成时的被动语态。故将considering改为considered。
10.考查名词。句意：它一直被认为是世界上最伟大的考古奇迹之一。“one of+复数可数名词”为固定结构，表示“……之一”，wonder表示“奇迹”，复数形式为wonders。故将wonder改为wonders。
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
52. 英语课上，你们班准备就“分数与能力”进行一次讨论。请发表你的看法，内容包括：
1.简要评论现状； 2.你的观点及建议。
注意:1.词数100左右；
2.题目已为你写好。
Score and Ability
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Score and Ability
In China, students have to take many exams. They have to get a good mark to enter a better college.To some extent, the score decides a student’s future.
In my opinion, a score doesn’t mean everything. It just proves that the student is good at studying, not including his ability in other things. One of my classmates does well in the exams. He almost can get a full mark in each exam. However, he is weak in hand-work and even always fails to make some artwork.
Therefore a high score doesn’t mean overall ability. We should put our ability first as it makes us a better man.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生就“分数与能力”简要评论现状，并说明自己的观点及建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
进入大学：enter a college→be admitted into a collegey
在某种程度上：to some extent→in some degree
证明：prove→demonstrate
然而：however→nevertheless
2.句式拓展
句型转换
原句：In my opinion, a score doesn’t mean everything. It just proves that the student is good at studying, not including his ability in other things.
拓展句：In my opinion, a score doesn’t mean everything, which just proves that the student is good at studying, not including his ability in other things.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It just proves that the student is good at studying, not including his ability in other things.（运用了that引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】We should put our ability first as it makes us a better man.（运用了as引导原因状语从句）
听力答案：1~5 ABBOC 6~10 BCABA 11~15 ACCAB 16~20 ABACB
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