2022-2023学年江苏省四所名校高三上学期期中联考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省四所名校高三上学期期中联考英语试题（解析版），共26页。

2023届高三期中学业质量监测试卷
英语
注意事项
考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求
1.本试卷共10页，满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，请将答题卷交回。
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第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面的5段对话。每段对话后都有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man want to do?
A. Eat out.
B. Cook dinner himself.
C. Have home-made food.
2. How does the woman suggest the man go home?
A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By car.
3. What does the woman think of her new roommate?
A. Careless. B. Thoughtful. C. Noisy.
4. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In a hospital. B. At home. C. In a chemist shop.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Insurance. B. The woman’s job. C. A health plan.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter.
B. Teacher and student.
C. Schoolmates.
7. What would the $1,500 cash be used for?
A. Covering the school fees.
B. Paying for textbooks.
C. Holding parties.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Who are the speakers most likely to be?
A. Event organizers.
B. Concert performers.
C. Magazine editors.
9. What will happen to the jazz festival?
A. It will be staged this afternoon.
B. It will be covered in a magazine.
C. It will be advertised by a reporter.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why is the woman moving to Watertown?
A. She is starting her own business.
B. Her family lives in the area.
C. Her company will relocate.
11. What does the woman care most about the apartment?
A. The rent. B. The size. C. The location.
12. What will the speakers most likely do next?
A. Look for a three-bedroom apartment.
B. Go to the city entre.
C. Schedule a visit.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What do we know about Barry’s parents?
A. They were both sports lovers.
B. They allowed him to develop hobbies.
C. They asked him to focus on his study.
14. What inspired Barry to be a violinist?
A. A TV program. B. A musician. C. A band.
15. What did Barry do after graduation?
A. He travelled with other young musicians.
B. He studied science courses for a year.
C. He went straight to learn music.
16. What does Harry mean in the end?
A. He will delay his world tour.
B. He is satisfied with his career.
C. He is looking for better chances.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who is the speaker?
A. A college student.
B. An activity organizer.
C. A participant in an activity center.
18. What activity do people do most time in the center?
A. Water sports. B. Rock climbing. C. Mountain biking.
19 What does the speaker value most about activity centers?
A. Different experience.
B. Social interaction.
C. Sports entertainment.
20. What do participants do on the last afternoon?
A. Watch TV. B. Sing songs together. C. Play team games.
第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
When you try to blow out a lot of candles, you may not have enough air in your lungs to get them all. Here’s how to measure your lung capacity.
What you’ll need

•Plastic bottle, such as a camping water container (容器). that holds a little more than 2 liters(公升)of water. A 2-liter soft drink bottle may be large enough: try the experiment and see.
• Plastic tube 60 centimeters long.

·Large mixing bowl
·Rubber(橡胶) bands
·Ruler
·Helper
❶Fill the bowl about one-third full of water and fill the bottle to the top with water.
❷ Hold your hand over the top of the bottle, turn it upside down and put its top under the water in the bowl: your helper will hold the bottle in place.

❸ Attach the ruler to the bottle with rubber bands.
❹Put the tube in the neck of the bottle, take a deep breath. hold your nose and blow hard into the tube(管)as long as you can.
What happened?
How much water did you blow out?

Compare the amount of air you blew into the bottle to the amount of liquid the bottle can hold (2 liters, for example).
Do this test on different people and see who has the largest and smallest lungs.
SOURCE; TNS
1. What’s the purpose of the experiment?
A. To test the size of different people’s lungs.
B. To hold the air that you blow out at a time.
C. To know the amount of air your lungs can hold.
D. To measure how much water you can blow out once.
2. In this experiment what’s water in the bottle used to do?
A. To hold the air you blow out.
B. To show the size of the bottle.
C. To measure the air you blow out.
D. To display the process of the experiment.
3. Which of the following statements indicates the experimenter has a larger lung capacity?
A. The experimenter blows out air harder.
B. The experimenter takes a deeper breath.
C. Less water is left in the bowl after the experiment.
D. Less water is left in the bottle after the experiment.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章是一个物理实验，主要描述了几种步骤以及实验用具和实验步骤，用来测量肺活量。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Here’s how to measure your lung capacity.(以下是测量肺活量的方法。)”可知，实验主要的目的是测量肺活量。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据实验步骤1“Fill the bowl about one-third full of water and fill the bottle to the top with water.(在碗里装满三分之一的水，并将瓶子装满水。)”和步骤4“Put the tube in the neck of the bottle, take a deep breath. hold your nose and blow hard into the tube(管)as long as you can.(把管子放进瓶口，深吸一口气。捏住鼻子，使劲往管子里吹气，越长越好。)”和结论“Compare the amount of air you blew into the bottle to the amount of liquid the bottle can hold. (比较你吹进瓶子里的空气量和瓶子能装的液体量。)”可知，在实验瓶子里面装水，是为了使用吹气后液体量表示肺活量的多少。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据实验结论部分“Compare the amount of air you blew into the bottle to the amount of liquid the bottle can hold. (比较你吹进瓶子里的空气量和瓶子能装的液体量。)”可知，吹进瓶子里面空气量越多，瓶子里面剩余的液体量越少，也说明吹气的人肺活量越大。故选D项。
B
The turn of the year is traditionally the time for reviewing one’s life, and perhaps for making some resolutions as to what to concentrate on in the coming year; and for many years past I have taken advantage of the holiday period to review my own goal and ambition.
One thing I do decide to do this year, with some unwillingness, is to give up writing the Grumpy Old Bookman column in this magazine. It’s not that I’ve lost interest in the book world, you understand. But Leonard Woolf, husband of writer Virginia Wool, used to say that a man should change his career every seven years. Though personally I would say that changing your whole career so often is going a bit far, I do find, during my own working life, that it acts as a great refresher if you can occasionally try a new job within the same organization or line of business.
It is in fact well over 15 years since our editor wrote to me and asked if I would be interested in writing a regular piece about what was, even then, a rapidly changing publishing scene. He approached me because since 2004 I had been writing a regular blog called, amazingly enough, Grumpy Old Bookman.
As my monthly survey of developments in both traditional and digital publishing continued, in this magazine, I began to realize that writers in this century, of both fiction and non-fiction, are living in something close to a paradise. Once, you struggled for years to find a publisher—or an agent if you wanted one—but now you can publish your own stuff, either digitally or in paperback, without it costing you a penny piece. Amazing.
After about five years of producing such columns, at just under a thousand words a time, it occurred to me that, rather than let these essays drift away on the seas of time, it might be of value to potential readers to publish my thoughts and comments in book form. Hence, in 2014, I published the first 69 GOB columns in paperback format, using Amazon’s Create space facilities. Title: Writers Rejoice! A monthly diary of the dawn of the digital age, which was my first trial. And now I sincerely wish a new 2022.
4. Why does the author want to give up writing the column?
A. He follows Leonard Woolf’s suggestion.
B. He is very keen on trying something new.
C. He is fed up with the career linked to books.
D. He’s used to changing his job every seven years.
5. According to the author, what can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A. It is a blessing to live in the present times.
B. Publishing industry is a profitable business.
C. It is rather hard to publish books nowadays.
D. Now it is amazing to find a publisher easily.
6. What do you think of the author?
A. Purposeful and good at self-reflecting.
B. Dedicated but easy to doubt himself.
C. Emotional and good at controlling himself.
D. Ambitious but reluctant to change himself,
7. What does the author mainly want to tell us?
A. Giving up timely is another virtue.
B. The beginning of a year is a new start.
C. Reflection can drive us to push forward.
D. Changing the job means a new opportunity.
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己如何通过反思而产生了自己新的专栏，来说明反思可以推动我们前进。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“But Leonard Woolf, husband of writer Virginia Wool, used to say that a man should change his career every seven years. Though personally I would say that changing your whole career so often is going a bit far, I do find, during my own working life, that it acts as a great refresher if you can occasionally try a new job within the same organization or line of business.(但是伦纳德·伍尔夫，作家弗吉尼亚·伍尔的丈夫，曾经说过一个男人应该每七年换一次职业。虽然我个人会说，如此频繁地改变整个职业生涯有点过分，但我确实发现，在我自己的工作生涯中，如果你能偶尔在同一机构或同一业务领域尝试一份新工作，这是一种很好的提神剂)”可知，作者放弃写专栏是因为他采纳了伦纳德·伍尔夫的建议。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“As my monthly survey of developments in both traditional and digital publishing continued, in this magazine, I began to realize that writers in this century, of both fiction and non-fiction, are living in something close to a paradise. Once, you struggled for years to find a publisher—or an agent if you wanted one—but now you can publish your own stuff, either digitally or in paperback, without it costing you a penny piece.(随着我每月对传统出版和数字出版发展的调查继续进行，在这本杂志上，我开始意识到，这个世纪的小说和非小说作家，都生活在一个接近天堂的地方。曾经，你要花好几年的时间才能找到出版商——如果你想找的话也可以找个代理商——但现在你可以出版自己的作品了，无论是电子版的还是平装本的，每本都不用花一分钱)”可推知，作者认为现今对小说和非小说作家非常友好，活在当下是一种福气。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The turn of the year is traditionally the time for reviewing one’s life, and perhaps for making some resolutions as to what to concentrate on in the coming year; and for many years past I have taken advantage of the holiday period to review my own goal and ambition.(传统上，新年伊始是回顾人生的时候，或许也是制定新年计划的时候;多年来，我一直利用假期回顾自己的目标和抱负)”可知，作者是个善于自我反省的人，再根据二段中“But Leonard Woolf, husband of writer Virginia Wool, used to say that a man should change his career every seven years. Though personally I would say that changing your whole career so often is going a bit far, I do find, during my own working life, that it acts as a great refresher if you can occasionally try a new job within the same organization or line of business.(但是伦纳德·伍尔夫，作家弗吉尼亚·伍尔的丈夫，曾经说过一个男人应该每七年换一次职业。虽然我个人会说，如此频繁地改变整个职业生涯有点过分，但我确实发现，在我自己的工作生涯中，如果你能偶尔在同一机构或同一业务领域尝试一份新工作，这是一种很好的提神剂)”可知，作者是个目的明确的人，所以综上可知，我认为作者是个目标明确，善于自我反省的人。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The turn of the year is traditionally the time for reviewing one’s life, and perhaps for making some resolutions as to what to concentrate on in the coming year; and for many years past I have taken advantage of the holiday period to review my own goal and ambition.(传统上，新年伊始是回顾人生的时候，或许也是制定新年计划的时候;多年来，我一直利用假期回顾自己的目标和抱负)”可知，本文主要是讲作者如何反思自己，再根据最后一段“After about five years of producing such columns, at just under a thousand words a time, it occurred to me that, rather than let these essays drift away on the seas of time, it might be of value to potential readers to publish my thoughts and comments in book form. Hence, in 2014, I published the first 69 GOB columns in paperback format, using Amazon’s Create space facilities. Title: Writers Rejoice! A monthly diary of the dawn of the digital age, which was my first trial. And now I sincerely wish a new 2022.(在写了大约5年这样的专栏，每次不到1000字之后，我突然想到，与其让这些文章在时间的海洋中漂流，不如把我的想法和评论以书的形式发表出来，对潜在的读者可能会有价值。因此，在2014年，我用亚马逊的Create空间设施出版了第一批69个平装本的GOB专栏。标题:作家们欢呼吧!一本记录数字时代黎明的月报，这是我的第一次尝试。现在，我真诚地祝愿一个新的2022)”可知，作者通过反思于是有了自己的又一新的专栏。所以作者主要想告诉我们反思可以推动我们前进。故选C项。
C
In English it’s common to say, “I know this town like the back of my hand!” While we may know our towns really well, how well do we actually know our hands? Maybe not quite as well as we think, said a scientific study.
Matthew Longo and his team from University College London studied the left hands of 100 people. With their hands placed palms down under a board, Longo’s team gave the instruction to point to their knuckles (指关节) and fingertips with a marker. How did they do? Not that well.
“People think their hand is wider than it actually is,” said Longo. He said they also seemed to think their fingers were shorter than their true lengths. People were most accurate when finding their thumbs, but became less accurate with each finger, up to their pinkies (小手指)。
“It is connected to our sense of position,” explained Longo. Humans know where different parts of our bodies are, even if we can’t see them. “It tells us whether a joint is straight or not,” said Longo. “We also need to know the distances between our joints,“ he went on. Our brains know the sizes and shapes of our bodies from the maps they make for themselves. “This experiment tried to find those maps,” he said.
Maybe maps don’t need to be perfect. But why aren’t our brains more accurate? Longo said our brains “see” areas based on our sense of touch, with the stronger the sense of touch in a specific body part, the bigger that body part seems. An example is our lips. As they have more nerves than our noses, our brain’s map shows our lips are bigger. The same thing can happen with body parts that have a lot of nerves. If you’ve ever had something stuck in your teeth it probably felt huge! That’s because our tongues also have lots of nerves.
If you want to have some fun, try this test with your classmates. Get some boards and some markers and have them mark the spots where they think their knuckles and fingertips are. Compare their hands to the marker spots and see how well they have performed.
8. What can we learn from the experiment?
A. People are always more accurate to judge the width of their palms.
B. The experiment is to measure with and length of hands accurately.
C. People’ s perception of hands is not something they take for granted.
D. The experiment explores the difference between left and right hands.
9. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. The size of the hand. B. The misbelief people had.
C. The map the brain makes. D. The position of each body part.
10. According to the passage, what’s the key factor in affecting our perception of hands?
A. The shapes of our bodies. B. Maps of organs.
C. The distances between joints. D. The brain.
11. What’s the purpose of the passage?
A. To give us a further insight into the brain.
B. To convince us that seeing is not believing.
C. To conduct a wider research about our hands.
D. To introduce an easy but interesting experiment.
【答案】8 C 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了人们并不像自己以为的那样了解自己手的尺寸，因为大脑“看”身体的区域是基于触觉，所以大脑会扭曲人们对自己身体的认知。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“While we may know our towns really well, how well do we actually know our hands? Maybe not quite as well as we think, said a scientific study.(虽然我们可能非常了解我们的城镇，但我们到底有多了解我们的手?一项科学研究称，可能没有我们想象的那么好。)”可知人们对手的了解并不像我们以为的那样，故选C。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“‘People think their hand is wider than it actually is,’ said Longo. He said they also seemed to think their fingers were shorter than their true lengths. People were most accurate when finding their thumbs, but became less accurate with each finger, up to their pinkies (小手指)。(Longo说:“人们认为自己的手比实际要宽。他还说，大家似乎还认为自己的手指比实际长度短。人们在找大拇指时最准确，但越指向小拇指，准确率就越低。)”可知此段介绍了人们对手尺寸的误解；第四段第一句“‘It is connected to our sense of position,’ explained Longo. (‘这与我们的方位感有关。’Longo解释道。)”中的It指代第三段所阐述的人们所以为的内容，即对于手尺寸产生的误解。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“Longo said our brains ‘see’ areas based on our sense of touch, with the stronger the sense of touch in a specific body part, the bigger that body part seems. An example is our lips. As they have more nerves than our noses, our brain’s map shows our lips are bigger. The same thing can happen with body parts that have a lot of nerves. ( Longo说大脑‘看到’区域是基于触觉，身体某个特定部位的触觉越强，这个部位看起来就越大。我们的嘴唇就是一个例子。因为它们比我们的鼻子有更多的神经，所以我们的大脑地图显示我们的嘴唇更大。同样的事情也会发生在有很多神经的身体部位。)”可知大脑通过触觉“看”到区域，也就是神经，特定部位上的神经越强，身体部位看起来就越大，所以影响我们对手的概念的关键因素是神经，也就是我们的大脑。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段“In English it’s common to say, ‘I know this town like the back of my hand!’ While we may know our towns really well, how well do we actually know our hands? Maybe not quite as well as we think, said a scientific study.(在英语中，我们常说：‘我对这个城镇了如指掌！’虽然我们可能非常了解我们的城镇，但我们到底有多了解我们的手?一项科学研究称，可能没有我们想象的那么好。)”从人们对手的了解出发，介绍了人们对手的尺寸的误解与大脑通过触觉感知身体的不同部位有关，大脑会扭曲我们对身体的认知。所以这篇文章的目的是更深层次地介绍了我们的大脑，故选A。
D
Some late Stone Age Europeans may have carried make-up inside mini bottles worm around their necks or waists more than 6,000 years ago.
Researchers have found traces of ingredients known to be used in cosmetic formulations (配力) by later civilizations inside small bottles unearthed in Slovenia, dating to between 4350 and 4100 B.C, more than 200 years earlier than previously thought. In 2014, Bine Kramberger at the Institute for the PCHS found a mini ceramic bottle al an ancient site once occupied by people of the Lasinja culture in around 4350 B. C. More than 100 similar bottles have also been found.
Their purpose was unknown, but it is thought that some might have been children’s toys. Curiously, most of them have holes in their tiny handles or edges that archaeologists think people threaded string through, enabling them to be worn around the neck or waist. But Kramberger’s find was different because it contained a solid white substance. “It was clear that it had valuable information because in such old archaeological sites, we rarely find containers that still keep remains of their former content,“ he says.
Long and thin stone tools were found near the bottle, which could have been used to extract the substance within. Now, Kramberger and his colleagues have analysed the substance in the bottle and examined 13 others from the same period.
The mystery material contained a white lead mineral called cerussite, while different lead minerals were identified in two other bottles. The three lead-containing bottles also had contents coming from beeswax (蜂蜡) inside.
The bottles’ contents could have been used for painting. says Kramberger. But he says it is more likely that they were cosmetics, because they contained common ingredients for such products known from later cultures. Cerussite powder was very popular among the ancient Greeks and Romans for skin whitening and remedies, despite is known toxicity (毒性).
Gaydarska says the new study supports what archaeologists have long thought—“that the abilities and cultures of Neolithic people were far more comprehensive and complicated than they are often given credit for”.
12. Why are the small bottles unearthed in Slovenia special?
A. The bottles might have been worn around the necks or waists.
B. The bottles contained some ingredients related to the make-up.
C. The time of the bottles is much earlier than previously thought.
D. Researchers were astonished at the number of the similar bottles.
13. According to Kramberger’s finding, what is the substance contained in the bottles?
A. String. B. White paint. C. Stone tools. D. Cerussite.
14. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The technology of extracting substances was already advanced in ancient times.
B. Cerussite powder was a perfect solution to skin problems for ancient Europeans.
C. It’s easy for archaeologists to find the containers with remains of former content.
D. The cultures of Neolithic people were commonly believed to be easy and simple.
15. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A People in ancient times had an eye for beauty.
B. Europeans may have worn make-up in the Stone Age.
C. Contents of the bottles found in Slovenia were analyzed.
D. There are various reasons for ancient Europeans’ wearing make-up.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在石器时代晚期的欧洲人可能将化妆品放在脖子或腰部的微型瓶子里，研究人员在考古遗迹中发现了证据，印证了考古学家的想法——“新石器时代人的能力和文化比人们通常认为的要全面和复杂得多”。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第第二段“Researchers have found traces of ingredients known to be used in cosmetic formulations (配力) by later civilizations inside small bottles unearthed in Slovenia, dating to between 4350 and 4100 B.C, more than 200 years earlier than previously thought.”（研究人员在斯洛文尼亚出土的小瓶中发现了后来文明在化妆品配方中使用的成分痕迹，这些成分可以追溯到公元前4350年至4100年，比之前认为的要早200多年。）可知斯洛文尼亚出土的小瓶子很特别，因为瓶子里含有一些与化妆品有关的成分。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“The mystery material contained a white lead mineral called cerussite, while different lead minerals were identified in two other bottles.”（这个神秘的物质含有一种叫做白铅矿的白色铅矿物，而在另外两个瓶子中发现了不同的铅矿物。）可知根据Kramberger的发现，瓶子里含有Cerussite。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Gaydarska says the new study supports what archaeologists have long thought—“that the abilities and cultures of Neolithic people were far more comprehensive and complicated than they are often given credit for”.”（盖达尔斯卡表示，这项新的研究支持了考古学家长期以来的想法——“新石器时代人的能力和文化比人们通常认为的要全面和复杂得多”。）可知人们普遍认为新石器时代的文化简单易懂。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Some late Stone Age Europeans may have carried make-up inside mini bottles worm around their necks or waists more than 6,000 years ago.”（早在6000多年前，一些石器时代晚期的欧洲人就把化妆品装在小瓶子里，挂在脖子或腰上。）可知，文章主要讲述了研究人员的考古发现，新石器时代的欧洲人可能就开始用瓶子携带化妆品了。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why is Art so Powerful?
Perhaps the simplest answer to this question is that art touches us emotionally.
Art is powerful because it can potentially influence our culture, politics, and even the economy. When we see a powerful work of art, you feel it touching deep within your core, giving us the power to make real-life changes.
It has the power to educate people about almost anything.____16____ During the pandemic, some artists created vivid and impressive paintings to spread the message of wearing a mask, which was well received by the whole public.
It breaks cultural, social, and economic barriers. While art hardly really solves poverty or promotes social justice on its own, it can be used as a fair playing field for conversation and expression. ____17____ Therefore, anyone can learn to appreciate art regardless of their social status, economic standing, or political background.
It accesses higher orders of thinking. Art doesn’t just make you absorb information. ____18____ This is why creativity is a form of intelligence—it is a special ability that unlocks the potential of the human mind. ____19____
____20____ Many times in history we have heard of people being criticized, threatened and even killed because of their artwork. Those responsible for these reactions, may it be an aggressive government, take these measures against artists knowing how much their works can affect the politics in a given area. In the hands of good people, however, art can be used to give back hope or offer courage in a society that’s undergoing a lot of hardships.
A. Art, at its simplest, is a form of communicating with each other.
B. The truth is that people have recognized how powerful art can be.
C. It presents information in a way that could be absorbed by many easily.
D. Rather, it makes you think about current ideas and inspire you to make your own.
E. Everyone can relate to art because everyone has emotions and personal experiences.
F. Art may seek to bring about some particular emotion to relax and entertain the viewers.
G. As a matter of fact, studies have shown that exposure to art can make you better in other fields.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. D 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要解释了为什么艺术如此强大？艺术之所以强大，是因为它可能影响我们的文化、政治甚至经济。当我们看到一件强大的艺术作品时，你会感觉到它深深地触动了你的内心，给了我们改变现实生活的力量。
【16题详解】
由上文“It has the power to educate people about almost anything.”(它有能力对人们进行几乎任何事情的教育。)，此句中的“almost anything”与C项中的“be absorbed by many easily”相对应，说明它以一种很容易被许多人吸收的方式呈现信息，C项符合题意。故选C。
【17题详解】
由后文“Therefore, anyone can learn to appreciate art regardless of their social status, economic standing, or political background.”(因此，无论社会地位、经济地位或政治背景如何，任何人都可以学会欣赏艺术。)，根据本句的“anyone ”与E项中的“Everyone”相对应，说明每个人都可以与艺术相关，因为每个人都有情感和个人经历。故选E。
【18题详解】
由上文“It accesses higher orders of thinking. Art doesn’t just make you absorb information.”（它进入了更高层次的思维。艺术不仅仅让你吸收信息。），可知此句中的“thinking”与D项的“think about current ideas”相对应，说明更高层次的思维会会让你思考当前的想法，并激励你做出自己的想法。故选D。
【19题详解】
由上文“This is why creativity is a form of intelligence—it is a special ability that unlocks the potential of the human mind.”（这就是为什么创造力是一种智力，它是一种特殊的能力，可以释放人类思维的潜能。）可知，此处由创造力引出的艺术对创造力有促进作用，G. As a matter of fact, studies have shown that exposure to art can make you better in other fields.（事实上，研究表明，接触艺术可以让你在其他领域变得更好。）符合题意。故选G。
【20题详解】
由下文“Many times in history we have heard of people being criticized, threatened and even killed because of their artwork.”（在历史上，我们多次听说人们因为他们的作品而受到批评、威胁甚至被杀害。）说明艺术有其自身的威力，对政治产生重大影响，上文应该是主旨句，说明人们已经认识到艺术的威力。故选B。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Praise for Pioneers in Science
In memory of Marie Curie on her birthday on Saturday, the official website of the Nobel Prize posted a photograph of her notebook saying. “Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia (再生障碍性贫血) on 4 July 1934, a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work. Even today her laboratory notebook from 1899-1902, is ____21____ and will be for 1.500 years.”
The tales of Marie and other scientists of her time are in some sense very ____22____.
Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered X-ray in 1895. A year later, Antoine Henri Becquerel found that some natural substances____23____ rays, too. Later, Marie and her physicist husband, Pierre Curie, gave it a(n)____24____ , radioactivity.
However, the ____25____ effects of radioactivity were not discovered until decades later. Marie and her ____26____ scientists dealt with radioactive substances for decades using little or no protection. Marie’s death is a reminder about the risks pioneers in science ____27____. It was only after people handling radioactive substances began to get similar ____28____ that medical experts asked people to use protection. Today, medical health workers and patients wear heavy protective ____29____ during X-rays.
It is almost _____30_____ that those exploring new frontiers for science are exposing themselves to unknown dangers. There is a(n)_____31_____ for better protection for the pioneers, but that is not possible until the dangers are fully known. For example, the space suits astronauts wear _____32_____ them against radiation. However, only _____33_____ will tell if there are some other unknown dangers.
The contributions and sacrifices by such pioneers to the field of science are_____34_____ and deserving of our respect. Because the pioneers not only _____35_____ new frontiers, but also help us better protect ourselves from unknown surroundings.
21. A. extraordinary B. radioactive C. protective D. creative
22. A. tragic B. inspirational C. romantic D. meaningful
23. A. blocked B. absorbed C. reflected D. emitted
24. A. privilege B. name C. notice D. identity
25. A. scientific B. novel C. sensitive D. harmful
26. A. contemporary B. conservative C. curious D. cautious
27. A. deliver B. relieve C. undertake D. generate
28. A. rewards B. warnings C. diseases D. titles
29. A. glasses B. gloves C. shoes D. covers
30. A. odd B. inevitable C. critical D. intimidating
31. A. focus B. evolution C. demand D. breakthrough
32. A. protect B. fight C. warn D. forbid
33. A. space B. time C. technology D. history
34. A. unmatched B. uplifting C. glorious D. concrete
35. A. extend B. proceed C. mount D. explore
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了著名科学家玛丽·居里夫人及其他科学先驱者对科学领域的贡献和牺牲。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使在今天，她1899年至1902年的实验室笔记本仍具有放射性，将持续1500年。A. extraordinary非凡的；B. radioactive放射性的；C. protective保护性的；D. creative有创意的。根据上文“Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia (再生障碍性贫血) on 4 July 1934, a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work.”可知，即使在今天，她的实验室笔记本仍具有放射性。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从某种意义上说，玛丽和她同时代的其他科学家的故事是非常悲惨的。A. tragic悲惨的；B. inspirational鼓舞人心的；C. romantic浪漫的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据上文“Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia (再生障碍性贫血) on 4 July 1934, a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work.”可知，玛丽和她同时代的其他科学家虽然为科学作出了巨大贡献，但是结局却很悲惨。故选A。
23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一年后，安托万·亨利·贝克勒尔发现，一些天然物质也会发出射线。A. blocked阻塞；B. absorbed吸收；C. reflected反映；D. emitted发出。根据空后“rays”可知，此处指发出射线。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，玛丽和她的物理学家丈夫皮埃尔·居里给它起了个名字——放射性。A. privilege特权；B. name名字；C. notice注意；D. identity身份。根据空后“radioactivity”可知，此处指起了一个名字。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，放射性的有害影响直到几十年后才被发现。A. scientific科学的；B. novel新奇的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. harmful有害的。根据上文“Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia (再生障碍性贫血) on 4 July 1934, a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work.”可知，放射性会产生有害的影响。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几十年来，玛丽和她同时代的科学家在处理放射性物质时几乎没有防护措施。A. contemporary同时代的；B. conservative保守的；C. curious好奇的；D. cautious谨慎的。根据语境可知，此处指和玛丽同时代的科学家们。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：玛丽的死提醒人们科学先驱所承担的风险。A. deliver交付；B. relieve缓解；C. undertake承担；D. generate生成。根据上文“the risks pioneers in science”可知，此处指科学先驱所承担的风险。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：只有在接触放射性物质的人开始患上类似疾病后，医学专家才要求人们采取防护措施。A. rewards奖励；B. warnings警告；C. diseases疾病；D. titles标题。根据空前“get similar”及空后“that medical experts asked people to use protection.”可知，接触放射性物质的人开始患上类似居里夫人的疾病。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，医护人员和病人在做X光检查时都要戴上厚厚的防护罩。A. glasses眼镜；B. gloves手套；C. shoes鞋子；D. covers防护罩。根据常识可知，医护人员和病人在做X光检查时都要戴上厚厚的防护罩。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几乎不可避免的是，那些探索科学新领域的人将自己暴露在未知的危险中。A. odd奇怪的；B. inevitable不可避免的；C. critical关键的；D. intimidating令人生畏的。根据下文“There is a(n)____11____ for better protection for the pioneers, but that is not possible until the dangers are fully known.”及常识可知，探索新领域时，将自己暴露在未知的危险中是几乎不可避免的。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有人要求对先驱者进行更好的保护，但在完全了解危险之前，这是不可能的。A. focus焦点；B. evolution进化；C. demand要求；D. breakthrough突破。根据空后“for better protection for the pioneers”可知，有人要求对先驱者进行更好的保护。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，宇航员穿的宇航服可以保护他们免受辐射。A. protect保护；B. fight战斗；C. warn警告；D. forbid禁止。根据空后“against radiation”可知，此处指保护宇航员免受辐射。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，只有时间才能证明是否还有其他未知的危险。A. space太空；B. time时间；C. technology技术；D. history历史。根据上文“However, the ____5____ effects of radioactivity were not discovered until decades later.”可知，只有时间才能证明是否还有其他未知的危险。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些先驱者对科学领域的贡献和牺牲是无与伦比的，值得我们尊敬。A. unmatched无与伦比的；B. uplifting人振奋的；C. glorious光荣的；D. concrete具体的。根据上文“It is almost ____10____ that those exploring new frontiers for science are exposing themselves to unknown dangers.”可知，这些先驱者对科学领域的贡献和牺牲是无与伦比的。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为先驱者不仅探索了新的领域，而且还帮助我们更好地保护自己不受未知环境的影响。A. extend扩展；B. proceed进行；C. mount开展；D. explore探索。根据上文“It is almost ____10____ that those exploring new frontiers for science are exposing themselves to unknown dangers.”及空后“new frontiers”可知，此处指探索新的领域。故选D。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China’s aerospace science ____36____Qian Xuesen. Born in Hangzhou in 1911, Qian went to the United States for further studies in 1935. Soon as a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology, he and his colleagues ____37____ (found) the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in the 1940s, now one of NASA’s leading space-exploration centres.
____38____(overcome) many difficulties in the US, Qian eventually returned to China in 1955. He received a ____39____(hero) welcome from his homeland. At that time, in poor China, its rocket science was undeveloped—No majors in rocket science; No talents; No experts. Nevertheless, the “No”s didn’t discourage him from taking ____40____the challenge. His reply to “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?” was a ____41____(determine) “Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things ____42____other people make.”
Under Qian’s leadership, China developed the Dongfeng missiles and launched its first man-made satellite. Even much of the technology behind the Shenzhou rockets can also be traced back to Qian’ research, so he earned the name of “the father of China’ aerospace”.
Qian was extremely ____43____(knowledge), especially in the area of frontier science research. However, ____44____might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. His deep appreciation for art often gave him _____45_____(inspire) in his-scientific research.
On 31 October 2009, the whole country was saddened by Qian’s death, and people honoured and remembered him in different ways.
【答案】36. than
37. founded
38. Having overcome
39. hero’s 40. on
41. determined
42. that 43. knowledgeable
44. what 45. inspiration
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了钱学森对中国航天科学的影响以及突出贡献。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：也许没有其他科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大。分析句子可知，空处前有形容词比较级greater，故此处考查比较级的结构，即“形容词比较级+than”，结合语意可知，此处意为“比”，故应用介词than。故填than。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：作为美国喷气和火箭技术的先驱，他和他的同事在20世纪40年代建立了喷气推进实验室，现在是美国宇航局领先的太空探索中心之一。分析句子可知，此处应用动词作谓语，根据时间状语1940s可知，此处应用一般过去时，故空处应用动词一般过去时态。故填founded。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在美国克服了许多困难后，钱最终于1955年回到中国。分析句子可知，此处应用动词作非谓语，与逻辑主语Qian之间是主动关系，结合语意可知，空处动作发生在主句动作之前，故此处应用现在分词的完成时，即having done结构。故填Having overcome。
【39题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎。分析句子可知，空处后是名词welcome，空处应作定语修饰welcome，结合语意可知，此处意为“英雄般的”，故此处应用名词所有格形式，即hero’s。故填hero’s。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，这些所谓的“不”并没有阻止他接受这个挑战。分析句子可知，此处考查固定短语take on，意为“接受”，故空处应填介词on。故填on。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他对“我们中国人有可能制造导弹吗？”这个问题的回答是坚定的，即“为什么不呢？我们中国人能够制造和其他人一样的东西。”分析句子可知，此处应用形容词作定语，结合语意可知，此处意为“坚定的，坚决的”，故应用-ed结尾形容词，表示人物的态度，即determined。故填determined。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他对“我们中国人有可能制造导弹吗？”这个问题的回答是坚定的，即“为什么不呢？我们中国人能够制造和其他人一样的东西。”分析句子可知，此处考查引导定语从句的关系词，指代先行词things，指物，在从句中作宾语，先行词前有the same修饰，关系代词只能用that。故填that。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：钱学识渊博，尤其是在前沿科学研究方面。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词作表语，意为“学识渊博的”，故空处应填形容词knowledgeable。故填knowledgeable。
【44题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：然而，使他成为如此杰出和有创造力的科学家的可能是他对其他事物的强烈兴趣，如音乐和绘画。分析句子可知，此处考查引导主语从句的连接词，从句缺主语，意为“什么”，故应用连接代词what来引导主语从句。故填what。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：他对艺术的高度欣赏经常给他的科学研究带来灵感。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作宾语，结合语意可知，此处意为“灵感”，故应用名词inspiration，抽象名词不可数。故填inspiration。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校开设了丰富的劳动课程（Labor Skill Course），请你给英国朋友Peter写一封邮件。内容包括：
1.课程内容；
2.你的感受；
3.询问Peter劳动课情况。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.请按格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
How are you recently? I’m writing to tell you about our school’s Labor Skill Course.
To form the students’ correct view of labor, colorful labor programs are open every week. We can help plant vegetables or feed chickens in the school-run farm. Besides, students are also encouraged to participate in community service and voluntary work.
Most of us are fascinated by the course because it offers an alternative to our busy school life. Not only are we relaxed but also we have gained a higher moral value on life.
What is the Labor Skill Course like in your school?
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Peter写一封邮件，告知他你校的劳动课程的相关信息，内容包括：1.课程内容；2.你的感受；3.询问Peter劳动课情况。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
最近：recently→lately
观点：view→opinion
另外：besides→moreover
参加：participate in→take part in
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To form the students’ correct view of labor, colorful labor programs are open every week.
拓展句：Colorful labor programs are open every week, the purpose of which is to form the students’ correct view of labor.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Most of us are fascinated by the course because it offers an alternative to our busy school life. (运用了because引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] Not only are we relaxed but also we have gained a higher moral value on life. (运用了部分倒装句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was time for graduates to hunt for jobs. The majority of them didn’t have working experience for they had spent most of their time at school studying academic subjects. It was not until they graduated from college that they realized it was a challenge for them to land jobs.
Jimmy, one of these job hunters, was a young academically excellent person. One day, after making good preparations, he went to apply for a managerial position in a big company. In spite of fierce competition, he managed to pass the first interview. What a lucky dog! Jimmy was informed to come for the next round in a few days — the last interview for the company to make the final decision.
The big day finally came. He dressed neatly, the grey tie matching perfectly the decent suit. Blood rushing to his face and heart pounding heavily, he tried to calm down, and then took a few deep breaths. It was his turn.
The interviewer, an elegant lady, discovered from the CV that the youth’s academic achievements were excellent all the way, from the secondary school until the postgraduate research. After several rounds of questions related to the position, she asked, “Have you ever done any part-time jobs?” “None.” After a while, the interviewer asked who paid for Jimmy’s school fees. The youth answered in a low voice, “My father passed away when I was one year old, so it was my mother who paid for all my school fees.”
She continued, “What did your mother do?” “My mother worked as a clothes cleaner.” The lady requested the youth to show his hands. The youth showed a pair of hands that were smooth and perfect.
The interviewer paused for a second, leaning against the chair, “Have you ever helped your mother wash the clothes before?” Ashamed, Jimmy replied, “Never. My mother always wanted me to study and read more books. Furthermore, my mother can wash clothes faster than me.” She nodded, adding, “I have a request. When you go back today, go and clean your mother’s hands, and then see me back here tomorrow morning.”
注意：
1.续写的词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Back home, Jimmy requested his mother to let him clean her hands.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next morning, Jimmy went to the interviewer’s office.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Back home, Jimmy requested his mother to let him clean her hands. His mother felt strange but with mixed feelings, she showed her hands to the kid. It was the first time he had noticed that there were so many bruises in her hands. His tears fell as he cleaned her hands. This was also the first time he had realized that it was the bruises in the mother’s hands that were the price that the mother had to pay for his graduation, academic excellence and his future. After cleaning his mother’s hands, the youth quietly washed all the remaining clothes for his mother. That night, mother and son talked for a very long time.
The next morning, Jimmy went to the interviewer’s office. “What have you done and learned, young man?” Jimmy answered with tears in his eyes, “I cleaned my mother’s hands and all the remaining clothes.” The lady nodded, “Please share something with me.” The youth said, “Firstly, I know now what appreciation is. Without my mother, there would not be the successful me today. Additionally, by working together and helping my mother, I now realize how difficult and tough it is to get something done. Ultimately, I have learned to appreciate the importance and value of family relationship.” The interviewer smiled, “This is what I am looking for to be my manager. You are hired. Congratulations!”
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了学业优秀的吉米去参加招聘面试，他从中学到研究生的学习成绩一直都很优秀。在面试官得知，从小失去父亲的吉米，一直由做洗衣工的母亲独自抚养，既没有做过兼职工作，也没有帮助母亲洗过衣服后，面试官让吉米回家给母亲洗手的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“回到家，吉米请求他的母亲让他给她洗手。”可知，第一段可描写吉米请求给母亲洗手，第一次看清母亲双手的样子及他的感触。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天早上，吉米来到面试官的办公室。”可知，第二段可描写吉米见到面试官后，跟面试官讲述自己做了什么和内心的感悟。
2.续写线索：母亲感到很奇怪——吉米给母亲洗手——发现母亲沧桑的双手——感动落泪——帮母亲洗衣服和母亲交流——跟面试官讲述自己做了什么——分享自己的感悟——被录取
3.词汇激活
行为类
①谈话：talk /chat
②注意：notice/ pay attention to
③回答：answer/ reply
情绪类
①感激：appreciation / gratitude
②奇怪的：strange / odd
【点睛】[高分句型1] His tears fell as he cleaned her hands. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Firstly, I know now what appreciation is. (运用了what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型3] This is what I am looking for to be my manager.(运用了what引导的表语从句)
听力答案:1-5 CCBAB 6-10 CBABC 11-15 ACBAA 16-20 BAABC