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2022-2023学年天津市耀华中学高三上学期第三次月考英语试卷（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年天津市耀华中学高三上学期第三次月考英语试卷（解析版），共27页。
天津市耀华中学2023届高三年级第三次月考
英语学科试卷
★请同学们将试题答案填涂或填写在答题卡上
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)，第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)和第Ⅲ卷(听力试卷)三部分，共150分，第Ⅰ，Ⅱ卷考试时间100分钟，听力考试时间为20分钟。
祝各位同学考试顺利!
第Ⅰ卷(95分)
第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —The Youth League Committee is looking for volunteers for the promotion of rubbish-sorting. Would you like to join in?
—________. Everyone should do his bit.
A. You asked for it B. You bet
C. You have my word D. You’ve got me there
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。A. You asked for it你自找的；B. You bet当然了。 C. You have my word我向你保证。D. You’ve got me there你难住我了。句意：青年人联盟委员会正在寻找垃圾分类的志愿者，你愿意参加吗？当然了，每个人都应该做出自己的贡献。故B项正确。
【点睛】情景交际用语的考查关键在于理解上下文语境，同时要注意辨析选项的意思。平时熟记各种情景下的不同的交际用语，尤其是一些与汉语相差较大的表达。做这类试题，要求同学们按照所给的情景，选择最佳问句或答句，完成题目。要想做好这类题目，关键是平时要养成讲英语的良好习惯，努力提高口语水平，熟练掌握日常会话项目中常用的问答语。
2. Not knowing much of the world yet, simple-minded teenagers are easily ________.
A. left behind B. picked up C. taken in D. set off
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：对世界还不了解，头脑简单的青少年很容易被欺骗。A. left behind留下；B. picked up捡起；C. taken in欺骗；D. set off动身。结合“Not knowing much of the world yet, simple-minded teenagers”和常识可知，涉世未深，头脑简单的青少年很容易被欺骗。故选C项。
3. The ________ snow on the top of the mountain will melt sooner or later because of the rising temperature.
A. temporary B. permanent C. intense D. complicated
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于气温的上升，山顶上的永久积雪迟早会融化。A. temporary临时的；B. permanent永久的；C. intense紧张的；D. complicated复杂的。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，根据“melt sooner or later because of the rising temperature”表示“永久的积雪”用permanent。故选B。
4. —Can I call you back at two o’clock this afternoon?
—I’m sorry，but then I ________ to Beijing. How about five?
A. will be flying B. will have flown C. will fly D. will be flown
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：——我能今天下午2点回电话给您吗？——对不起，那个时候我正坐在飞往北京的飞机上，5点钟行吗？根据时间状语“at two o’clock this afternoon”以及答语中“then”可知，此处表示将来某个时间点正在发生的动作，应用将来进行时。故选A项。
5. is obviously right is to give all children equal opportunities to develop their special gift.
A. Which B. As C. That D. What
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：明显正确的做法就是给所有的孩子提供平等发展特殊才能的机会。连接词引导一个主语从句，并在主语从句中做句子的主语，故选D项。
6. Students are expected to dress _________, suitable for weather conditions, and in good taste.
A. accurately B. adequately C. essentially D. attractively
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：学生们要穿着得体，适应天气条件，有品位。A. accurately准确地、精确地；B. adequately足够地、合乎需要地；C. essentially本质上、大体上；D. attractively迷人地、有吸引力地。根据句意可知，此处指根据不同天气情况穿衣，还要具有良好品味，说明要衣着得体，应用adequately。故选B项。
7. —How do you go to your office every day?
—Normally, I take the subway to work, ________ most of my colleagues.
A. so do B. so does C. as does D. as do
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：——你每天怎样去上班？——通常我和我的大多数同事一样乘坐地铁去。分析句子可知，此处缺少连词，故填as作为连词，表示“正如……，如同……”，其后通常接“助动词+主语”，相当于“and so +助动词+主语”，又主语colleagues是复数，故用助动词do，故选D项。
8. Safety should be a priority in any industry and it should come as no surprise that ________ safety issues early can actually save money, long-term, for companies.
A. requiring B. inquiring C. addressing D. acquiring
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在任何行业安全都应该优先考虑，从长远来看，尽早解决安全问题是为公司节约资金，这是不足为奇的。A. requiring要求；B. inquiring询问；C. addressing设法解决；D. acquiring获得。结合句意可知，此处译为“解决安全问题”符合语境，故选C项。
9. Nowadays, there still exist a lot of challenges facing some developing countries, ________ the greatest is hunger.
A. which B. whose C. of which D. to which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当前，一些发展中国家仍然面临着许多挑战，其中最大的挑战就是饥饿。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是challenges，指物，且根据句意可知，此处表示“挑战中最大的一个”，即“the greatest of the challenges”，应用介词of+关系代词which来引导定语从句，故选C。
10. —I’m thinking of going away after Christmas for a week or so. Somewhere warm, you know.
—What kind of price ________ were you thinking about? I can find the exact information for you.
A. variety B. range
C. list D. level
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：--我正在考虑圣诞以后出去大约一周，你知道，一些暖和的地方。--你考虑什么样的价格范围？我可以帮你找到确切的信息。A.variety种类；B.range范围；C.list列表；D.level水平。根据“I can find the exact information for you.”可知，你考虑什么样的价格范围。故B正确。
11. The tourism industry, as the core of our local economy, is supposed____in the months to come.
A. to recover B. to have recovered
C. to be recovering D. to have been recovering
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：旅游业作为本地经济的核心，应该在未来数月内会复苏。短语be supposed to do sth.表示“应该做某事”，由in the months to come可知，这是将来的动作，并不是目前正在进行的动作，故排除C选项；B、D选项均表示recover发生在谓语动词is supposed to之前，与语境不符合。故选A。
12. While it wasn’t the goal of the trip, I was rewarded with fresh insights, ones that ________ to me during the regular course of business.
A. might never happen B. could never have happened
C. should not happen D. needn’t have happened
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：虽然这并不是这次旅行的目的，但我得到了一些新的领悟，那些领悟在我的日常生活中是本不可能发生的。此处考查虚拟语气，“我得到新的领悟”发生在过去，故此处是与过去事实相反，应用could/might/would/need/should+have done，“本不可能发生”是could never have happened，故选B项。
【点睛】本题考查“情态动词+have done”的虚拟语气，其常用表达有：
could have done本能做某事而未做 couldn’t have done不可能做了某事
should have done本应该做某事而未做 shouldn’t have done本不应该做某事而做了
would have done本会某事而未做 wouldn’t have done本不会做某事而做了
need have done本需要做某事而未做 needn’t have done本不必要做某事而做了
13. —Why didn’t you attend the assembly this morning?
—But I ________ anything about that.
A. didn’t tell B. haven’t told C. hadn’t been told D. haven’t been told
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：——你为什么没有参加今天早上的集会？——没人告诉我。主语I和tell之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态，又“没有告诉”的动作发生在今天早上之前，即过去之过去，故用过去完成时的被动语态，即had been done，故选C项。
14. In Lebanon, they say, a 50% increase in the price of cigarettes would lead to ________ many people ________ smoking in poorer households as wealthy families.
A. as twice; quitting B. twice as; to quit C. as twice; to quit D. twice as; quitting
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查倍数表达和非谓语动词。句意：据说在黎巴嫩，香烟价格上涨50%会导致来自贫穷家庭的戒烟人数比富裕家庭多一倍。分析句子可知，第一空考查倍数的表达，即“倍数+as+adj/adv+as”，故BD项第一空表达正确；第二空考查短语lead to sb doing sth，意为“导致某人做某事”，doing作为介词to的宾语，故D项正确，故选D项。
【点睛】本题考查倍数的表达之“A+倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+B”，表示“A正好是B的多少倍”
倍数的表达一般有三种形式：
“A+倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than+B”，表示“A比B大(长、高、宽等)多少倍”。如:
This rope is twice longer than that one. 这根绳子是那根绳子的两倍长(比那根绳子长一倍)
2.“A+倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+B”，表示“A正好是B的多少倍”。如：
Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。
3. “A+倍数+the size/height/length/width, etc+of+B”，表示“A正好是B的多少倍”。如：
This street is four times the length of that one. 这条街是那条街的四倍长。
15. When I came in, John was sitting in the corner with his hands ________ on his head, ________ nervously for the final result.
A. crossed waited B. crossed, waiting C. crossing, waited D. crossing, waiting
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查with的复合结构和非谓语动词。句意：当我进来时，约翰坐在角落里双手交叉在头上，焦急地等待着最后的结果。分析句子可知，第一空考查with的复合结构，逻辑主语his hands和cross（交叉）之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词crossed作宾补；第二空是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语he和wait之间是主动关系，故用现在分词waiting，故选B项。
【点睛】本题第一空考查with的复合结构，即with+n/pron.+doing/done/to do ，其中doing, done, to do是宾语补足语，n/pron主动发出动作用doing，n/pron承受动作（被动）用done，动作尚未发生用to do。本题中名词hands承受动作cross，故用crossed。
第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
One of my neighbors used to have a beautiful tree in her front yard. Her dad had planted it for her ____16____ it was nothing more than a little branch and several years later it started to ____17____ towards the sky at an amazing speed. Soon it blessed her with cooling ____18____ in the summer and glorious, golden leaves in the fall.
When the two-day snowstorm struck our town, heavy snow ____19____ the tree’s branches that were still full of leaves. The weight split that lovely tree down the ____20____. It was so sad seeing half of it ____21____ on the ground after the storm. When I talked to my neighbor later, she said that the damage had been too much and that the ____22____ tree would have to be cut down. ____23____, she had saved a few seedlings from it that she hoped to ____24____ in the future.
Still, it was a shock to drive by her house the other day and see _____25_____ but a stump (树桩) in her front yard. I missed that tree. I missed its branches, its leaves _____26_____ in the afternoon sun. I missed seeing its limbs (树枝) reach towards the heavens. I thought that the stump would be a sad _____27_____ of its loss for a long time to come.
My wonderful neighbor had another plan, _____28_____. When I drove by her home today I saw a tiny bird feeder sitting on that stump and a colorful songbird having its _____29_____. It was such an affirmation (肯定) of life. It was such a joy to _____30_____. I could feel my heart _____31_____.
Life by its very nature is a _____32_____ bag. It hands us both beauty and tragedy, love and loss, _____33_____ and pain. What we do with it, however, is up to us. We can let it _____34_____ us in two, or we can use even its hardest times to make our _____35_____ stronger and our hearts more loving. We can spend it complaining or we can use it to help others.
16. A. unless B. when C. until D. because
17. A. circulate B. chase C. shoot D. stand
18. A. wind B. shade C. quality D. system
19. A. fell on B. took apart C. got through D. broke down
20. A. top B. middle C. bottom D. root
21. A. dancing B. spreading C. trembling D. lying
22. A. abnormal B. bare C. sick D. entire
23. A. Originally B. Doubtfully C. Thankfully D. Particularly
24. A. replace B. renew C. replant D. remove
25. A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing
26. A. falling B. shaking C. floating D. shining
27. A. story B. expectation C. reminder D. view
28. A. though B. therefore C. still D. otherwise
29. A. rest B. baby C. date D. dinner
30. A. see B. solve C. approach D. realize
31. A. beat B. smile C. hurt D. sink
32. A. mixed B. changeable C. separated D. stable
33. A. sorrow B. wealth C. pleasure D. wonder
34. A. split B. pull C. benefit D. attach
35. A. connections B. families C. bodies D. souls
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. B 21. D 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者邻居家一棵长非常茂盛的大树因为暴风雪，最终只剩下一个树桩之后，邻居在树桩上放了一个小鸟喂食器，变成小鸟吃东西的地方的故事。通过这个故事，作者告诉我们虽然失去了美丽的大树和树荫，但是用积极的办法将失去转变为新的获得，也是很好的办法。人生本就有得有失，最重要的是我们如何对待它。
【16题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：当它还只是一根小树枝的时候，她的爸爸就为她种下了它，几年后，它开始以惊人的速度冲向天空。A. unless除非；B. when当……时候；C. until直到；D. because因为。根据下文“it was nothing more than a little branch”可知，是邻居的爸爸在这棵树还是小树枝的时候就给她中下了。故选B。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. circulate循环；B. chase追赶；C. shoot射击，快速移动；D. stand站立。根据下文的“towards the sky at an amazing speed”可知，几年后，这棵树开始以惊人的速度向上生长。故选C。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，它就为她带来了夏天凉爽的树荫和秋天灿烂的金色树叶。A. wind风；B. shade阴凉处；C. quality质量；D. system系统。根据下文“in the summer and glorious, golden leaves in the fall”可知，夏天给她带来了清凉。故选B。
【19题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：当这场为期两天的暴风雪袭击我们小镇时，大雪落在还缀满叶子的树枝上。A. fell on落在……上；B. took apart拆开；C. got through通过；D. broke down崩溃。根据上文“When the two-day snowstorm struck our town, heavy snow”可知，是厚厚的雪落在树枝上。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：重量把那棵可爱的树从中间劈开了。A. top顶端；B. middle中间；C. bottom底部；D. root根。根据下文“It was so sad seeing half of it”可知，是积雪将树从中间劈成两半。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：暴风雪过后，看到它的一半躺在地上，真是太伤心了。A. dancing跳舞；B. spreading传播；C. trembling颤抖；D. lying躺。根据下文“on the ground after the storm”可知，是树的一半躺在地上。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来我和邻居聊天时，她说破坏太严重了，必须把整棵树都砍下来。A. abnormal不正常的；B. bare秃的；C. sick生病的；D. entire整个的。根据上文“she said that the damage had been too much”可知，树被破坏的太严重了，所以需要把整棵树都砍下来。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸好，她从中挽救了几棵幼苗，希望将来能重新种植。A. Originally最初地；B. Doubtfully怀疑地；C. Thankfully幸好；D. Particularly特别。根据下文“she had saved a few seedlings from it”可知，幸好邻居救出了几棵幼苗。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. replace代替；B. renew更新；C. replant再植；D. remove移除。根据上文“she had saved a few seedlings from it”可知，邻居想重新种植。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：不过，前几天开车经过她家时，除了前院的一根树桩什么都没有，还是让人震惊。A. everything一切；B. something某事；C. anything任何事；D. nothing没有什么。根据下文“but a stump (树桩) in her front yard”可知，除了树桩什么都没有。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想念它的树枝，它的叶子在午后的阳光下闪闪发光。A. falling跌落；B. shaking摇晃；C. floating漂浮；D. shining闪耀。根据下文“in the afternoon sun”可知树叶在阳光中闪耀。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，这个树桩会在未来很长一段时间里成为一个悲伤的提醒。A. story故事；B. expectation期盼；C. reminder提醒物；D. view风景。根据上文中的“the stump would be a sad”可知，在未来很长一段时间里，这个树桩将是它消失的一个悲伤的提醒。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不过，我的好邻居另有打算。A. though然而；B. therefore因此；C. still仍然；D. otherwise否则。根据上文“My wonderful neighbor had another plan”可知邻居另有打算，表转折。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我开车经过她家时，看到一个小小的喂鸟器停在树桩上，一只彩色的鸣鸟正在吃东西。A. rest休息；B. baby婴儿；C. date日期；D. dinner晚餐。根据上文“I saw a tiny bird feeder sitting on that stump”可知鸟儿在吃东西。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到它真是太高兴了。A. see看见；B. solve解决；C. approach接近；D. realize意识到。根据上文“It was such an affirmation (肯定) of life.”可知作者看见这样的一幕很开心。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能感觉到我的心在微笑。A. beat击败；B. smile微笑；C. hurt伤害；D. sink下沉。根据上文“It was such a joy”可知作者看见这开心的一幕，感觉自己的心都在微笑。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生活本质上就是一个大杂烩。A. mixed混合的；B. changeable易变的；C. separated分离的；D. stable稳定的。根据下文“It hands us both beauty and tragedy, love and loss, ____18____ and pain.”可知生活本身就是混杂的。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它赋予我们美丽与悲剧，爱与失去，快乐与痛苦。A. sorrow悲伤；B. wealth财富；C. pleasure快乐；D. wonder奇迹。根据下文“and pain”可知生活中包含了快乐和痛苦。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以让它把我们一分为二，或者我们可以利用它最艰难的时刻让我们的灵魂更强大，我们的心更有爱心。A. split分裂；B. pull拉；C. benefit受益；D. attach附上。根据下文中的“us in two”可知，我们可以将自己分裂成两种不同的方式看待生活。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. connections联系；B. families家庭；C. bodies身体；D. souls灵魂。根据下文中的“stronger and our hearts more loving”可知，即使是处于最困难的时候，我们也可以让自己的灵魂更坚强，让自己的心充满更多的爱。故选D。
第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
TRAIL SAFE! is a unique safety training program designed specifically for National Park Service (NPS) Trail Volunteers, but is useful to everyone! It’s based upon NPS Operational Leadership Training, where the human factor of safety is explored. TRAIL SAFE! captures (捕捉) the core learning objectives of the 16-hour Operational Leadership course while allowing volunteers to learn from their own homes online.
The TRAIL SAFE! series includes eight video lessons, each ranging in length from 18 to 40 minutes long. Watch them over the course of multiple days, or “binge watch” the entire series in three hours—it’s up to you—but please watch them in order from Lesson 1 through Lesson 8. After viewing the lessons, send your training verification (验证) emails to register your participation. When you have viewed and registered for all eight individual lessons, each participant will receive a TRAIL SAFE! pin and a SPE/GAR card in the mail for use in the field. Thank you for helping to make Sleeping Bear Dunes one of the safest work environments for NPS Trail Volunteers like yourself.
Ready to start?
Click on this link to access all TRAIL SAFE! videos: https://www.nps.gov/iatr/trail-safe.htm
If you require Audio Descriptive versions of TRAIL SAFE!, the link to those videos is also available on the Ice Age Trail site.
Record your participation
In order to receive credits for your participation, please fill in your answers to the following questions and email to: Matthew_mohrman@nps.gov.
●Which video lesson did you just complete viewing?
●Name of the Trail where you volunteer.
●Your name and full mailing address, so we may send your course completion materials to you.
●Names and addresses of others if you are viewing this lesson in a group setting.
●Optional: Please let us know any comments or suggestions you have about this lesson.
Upon registering your completion for the entire eight lesson series, you’ll receive your TRAIL SAFE! pin and risk assessment card via mail.
36. What is the aim of TRAIL SAFE!?
A. To develop volunteers’ operational leadership.
B. To offer links to the websites for learning.
C. To provide credits for viewing.
D. To pass the risk assessment.
37. How long does it take the participants to watch the eight videos at a time?
A. 18 minutes. B. 40 minutes.
C. 3 hours. D. 16 hours.
38. What should the participants do to get a SPE/GAR card?
A. Watch and register for all the series.
B. Give some comments on the lessons.
C. Send and receive training mails.
D. Answer all of the questions.
39. What can be inferred about the job of NPS Trail Volunteers?
A. It is popular with everyone. B. It can be dangerous.
C. It shall be completed online. D. It needs NPS working experience.
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. A 39. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为一则广告。TRAIL SAFE!是一个独特的安全培训计划，专为国家公园服务步道志愿者设计，但对每个人都有用！文章介绍了这一培训计划。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的TRAIL SAFE! captures (捕捉) the core learning objectives of the 16-hour Operational Leadership course while allowing volunteers to learn from their own homes online.可知，TRAIL SAFE!的目的是培养志愿者们的业务领导能力。故A选项正确。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的Watch them over the course of multiple days, or “binge watch” the entire series in three hours可知，参与者可以用三个小时一次观看完8个视频。故C选项正确。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的When you have viewed and registered for all eight individual lessons, each participant will receive a TRAIL SAFE! pin and a SPE/GAR card in the mail for use in the field.可知，参与者浏览并注册了全部八节单独的课程后，可以获得SPE/GAR卡。故A选项正确。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的TRAIL SAFE! is a unique safety training program designed specifically for National Park Service (NPS) Trail Volunteers, but is useful to everyone!可推知，家公园服务步道志愿者的工作可能存在危险。故B选项正确。
【点睛】细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。
以本文第2小题为例，本题运用定位法：我们根据题干How long does it take the participants to watch the eight videos at a time?其关键词是watch the eight videos at a time，从而直接定位到含有eight videos的文段——第二段中的Watch them over the course of multiple days, or “binge watch” the entire series in three hours可知，参与者可以用三个小时一次观看完8个视频。故C选项正确。
B
The term “Iron Man” has many connotations(内涵), including references to a song, a comic book icon, even a movie. Yet only one definition of the term truly lives up to its name: the Ironman triathlon held annually in Hawaii, a picturesque(独特的)setting for a challenging race, which demands amazing physical prowess and the ability to swim, bike, and run a marathon, all in less than 12 hours with no break. Very few individuals are up to the task.
However, Gordon Haller is a notable exception. Growing up in the 1950s, Haller developed an interest in many sports categorized as endurance(耐性)athletics and welcomed their physical demands. As he pursued a degree in physics he drove a taxi to pay the bills, but competitive training proved his passion. So when he heard about the race in 1978, the first year it was held, he immediately signed up.
The race originated in a somewhat amusing way. The members of the two popular sports clubs, the Mid-Pacific Road Runners of Honolulu and the Waikiki Swim Club of Oahu, had a long-standing and good-natured debate going over who made better athletes: runners or swimmers. However, some local bikes thought both clubs were wrong, claiming that they, in fact, deserved the title. Wanting to settle the dispute (争论)once and for all, they decided to combine three separate races already held annually on the island into one massive test of endurance. Thus, the Waikiki Roughwater Swim of 2.4 miles, the Around-Oahu Bike race of 112 miles, and the Honolulu Marathon of 26.2 miles were all put together to form the Ironman Triathlon.
Haller was one of only fifteen competitors to show up that February morning to start the race. He quickly scanned the few pages of rules and instructions, and on the last page he discovered a sentence that would become the race’s famous slogan: “Swim 2.4 miles! Bike 112 miles! Run 26.2 miles! Brag(吹牛)for the rest of your life!” Haller took that to heart, and at the end of the day, he became the first Ironman champion in history. Haller’s physical strength enabled him to do what no one else in the past had accomplished.
In the approximately thirty years since that very first race, the Ironman has become a tradition in Hawaii and now boasts approximately 1500 entrants every year. The competitors who complete the race don’t have to be the first across the finish line to claim success: just finishing is a victory onto itself.
40. The “Iron Man”in the passage above refers to ____________.
A. a folk song B. a movie character
C. a triathlon athlete D. a sports event
41. What do we know about Gordon Haller from the passage?
A. He had a great interest in all kinds of sports.
B. He was a member of the Waikiki Swim Club of Oahu.
C. He became a taxi driver after he graduated from school.
D. He was the champion in the first Ironman Triathlon.
42. What does the underlined word “prowess” in the first paragraph mean?
A. muscles B. skills C. balance D. reaction
43. The Ironman race was born due to the fact that__________.
A. The two clubs fought over who made better athletes.
B. Gordon Haller wanted to show his great endurance.
C. The combined race can help choose the most athletic.
D. Club members wanted to improve their physical abilities.
44. What can we infer from the passage about the first Ironman Triathlon?
A. Participants had to choose two from the three races in the first Ironman Triathlon.
B. Haller may not have known the rules of it before he showed up for the event.
C. No other competitors other than Haller finished the races in the end.
D. Sixteen competitors in total participated in it on February morning.
45. What does the last paragraph try to tell us?
A. It is the participation rather than victory that counts.
B. The current Ironman Triathlon is different from the original one.
C. The victors respond excitedly when crossing the finish line.
D. The event attracts many people because it creates good fortune.
【答案】40. D 41. D 42. B 43. C 44. B 45. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了铁人三项赛的创立和历史上第一位铁人三项赛冠军。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Yet only one definition of the term truly lives up to its name: the Ironman triathlon held annually in Hawaii, a picturesque setting for a challenging race(然而，只有一种定义名副其实：每年在风景如画的夏威夷举行的铁人三项赛)”可知，本文所指的应是“铁人三项赛”，是一种运动比赛。故选D项。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“at the end of the day, he became the first Ironman champion in history”可知，他成为了历史上第一个铁人三项冠军。选项D“He was the champion in the first Ironman Triathlon.”与原文内容表达信息一致。故选D项。
【42题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句“which demands amazing physical prowess and the ability to swim, bike, and run a marathon, all in less than 12 hours with no break.”可知，and为并列连词，划线单词应是与之后的ability为并列结构，同义表达，ability句中指“能力”，由此可推知“prowess”应是“技能”含义。故选B项。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“The race originated in a somewhat amusing way. The members of the two popular sports clubs, the Mid-Pacific Road Runners of Honolulu and the Waikiki Swim Club of Oahu, had a long-standing and good-natured debate going over who made better athletes: runners or swimmers. However, some local bikes thought both clubs were wrong, claiming that they, in fact, deserved the title. Wanting to settle the dispute once and for all, they decided to combine three separate races already held annually on the island into one massive test of endurance.(这场比赛以某种有趣的方式开始。火奴鲁鲁的中太平洋公路赛跑者和瓦胡岛的怀基基游泳俱乐部这两个受欢迎的体育俱乐部的成员就谁是更好的运动员进行了一场长期友好的辩论：赛跑者还是游泳者。然而，一些当地自行车俱乐部认为这两个俱乐部都错了，声称他们事实上应该获得冠军。为了一劳永逸地解决争议，他们决定将岛上每年举行的三场独立比赛合并成一场耐力的大规模测试。)”可知，设立这项比赛的初衷是综合比赛可以帮助选择最具运动能力的运动员。故选C项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容He quickly scanned the few pages of rules and instructions, and on the last page he discovered a sentence that would become the race’s famous slogan: “Swim 2.4 miles! Bike 112 miles! Run 26.2 miles! Brag for the rest of your life!” Haller took that to heart, and at the end of the day, he became the first Ironman champion in history(他迅速浏览了几页规则和说明，在最后一页，他发现了一句将成为比赛著名口号的话：“游2.4英里！自行车112英里！跑26.2 milcsl吹牛一辈子！”Haller将此铭记于心，最终，他成为历史上第一位铁人三项冠军)可知，他没有仔细浏览规则，受到口号的激励而奋勇拼搏成为历史上第一位铁人三项冠军。选项B“Haller may not have known the rules of it before he showed up for the event.”(Haller在参加比赛前可能不知道比赛规则。)为合理推断。故选B项。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章末尾内容“The competitors who complete the race don’t have to be the first across the finish line to claim success: just finishing is a victory onto itself.”可知，完成比赛的参赛者不一定是第一个冲过终点线的人才能宣称成功，仅仅是完成比赛本身就是一种胜利，可推知，作者最后一段想要表达的是：重要的是参与，而不是胜利。故选A项。
【点睛】细节理解题
考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字等议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。这类题目的共同特点是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根据文章提供的信息自己组织语句回答问题。比如文章的第1小题：
1. The “Iron Man” in the passage above refers to ____________.
A. a folk song B. a movie character
C. a triathlon athlete D. a sports event
根据关键词定位到文章内容“Yet only one definition of the term truly lives up to its name: the Ironman triathlon held annually in Hawaii, a picturesque setting for a challenging race”，可知，本文中的“Iron Man”应是“the Ironman triathlon(铁人三项赛)”，一种运动赛事。故选D项为答案。
C
Boys’ schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and involve them in activities such as art, dance and music.
Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity (阳刚), the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to obey a stereotype (陈规旧俗), a US study says.
Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness, rather than feeling they had to obey the “boy code” of hiding their emotions to be a “real man”.
The findings of the study go against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.
Tony Little, headmaster of Eton, warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.
The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when their female peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills
But in single-sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys’ learning style, letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom, wrote the study’s author, Abigail James, of the University of Virginia.
Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with “boy-focused” approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Because boys generally have more acute vision learn best through touch, and are physically more active, they need to be given “hands-on” lessons where they are allowed to walk around. “Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine (女性的) and prefer the modern type in which violence and sexism are major themes,” James wrote.
Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to obey a stereotype that men should be “masterful and in charge” in relationships. “In mixed schools boys feel forced to act like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means,” the study reported.
46. The author believes that a single-sex school would ______.
A. force boys to hide their emotions to be “real men”
B. encourage boys to express their emotions more freely
C. help to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boys
D. naturally reinforce in boys the traditional image of a man
47. It is commonly believed that in a mixed school boys ______.
A perform relatively better B. grow up more healthily
C. behave more responsibly D. receive a better education
48. What does Tony Little say about the British education system?
A. It fails more boys than girls academically.
B. It focuses more on mixed school education.
C. It fails to give boys the attention they need.
D. It places more pressure on boys than on girls.
49. According to Abigail James, one of the advantages of single-sex schools is ______.
A. teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys
B. boys can focus on their lessons without being distracted
C. boys can choose to learn whatever they are interested in
D. teaching can be designed to promote boys’ team spirit
50. Which of the following is characteristic of boys according to Abigail James’ report?
A. They enjoy being in charge. B. They obey stereotypes.
C. They are violent and sexist. D. They have sharper vision.
【答案】46. B 47. A 48. C 49. A 50. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了单独的男生学校的优点和好处，在这样的学校里，可以根据男性的特点组织教学，不受女生发展的影响。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness, rather than feeling they had to obey the “boy code” of hiding their emotions to be a “real man”.(据报道，单性别学校男生更有可能参与文化和艺术活动，这些活动有助于培养他们的情感表达能力，而不是觉得他们必须遵守隐藏自己情感的“男孩守则”，才能成为“真正的男人”)”可知，作者认为，单性别学校将鼓励男孩更自由地表达他们的情感。故选B。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The findings of the study go against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.(这项研究的结果与人们普遍认为的男孩在与女孩一起学习时表现更好的观点背道而驰)”可推知，人们普遍认为男生在男女混合学校的表现相对较好。故选A。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Tony Little, headmaster of Eton, warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.(伊顿公学校长Tony Little警告称，由于英国教育体系过于关注女孩，男孩正在被辜负。他批评老师们没有认识到男孩实际上比女孩更情绪化)”可知，Tony Little认为英国的教育系统没有给予男孩他们所需要的关注。故选C。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“But in single-sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys’ learning style, letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom, wrote the study’s author, Abigail James, of the University of Virginia.(弗吉尼亚大学的Abigail James是这项研究的作者，她写道，但在单性别学校，老师可以根据男孩的学习风格来定制课程，让他们在教室里走动，让他们组队比赛，以防止无聊)”可推知，Abigail James认为单性别学校的优势之一是教学可以根据男孩的特点进行调整。故选A。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Because boys generally have more acute vision learn best through touch, and are physically more active, they need to be given “hands-on” lessons where they are allowed to walk around.(因为男孩通常有更敏锐的视觉，通过触摸学习效果最好，身体也更活跃，所以他们需要上“动手”课，允许他们四处走动)”可知，根据Abigail James的报告，男生有更敏锐的视觉。故选D。
D
Love, lust, joy, wildness, and a touch of the zany (小丑) — why is it that at many companies these are frowned on? Still, we know that the best (and worst) things in life are associated with strong feelings. The company that desires to be competitive in the future cannot deprive itself of the strengths associated with what we would like to call “economies of soul”. Scale and skill economies will still matter. But as Professor Manfred Kets de Vries at INSEAD (欧洲商学院) puts it, unless the resources that make people mad, sad, and glad, can be put to good use, knowledge is not used, it is abused. This is one of the main reasons why so many executives admit that as little as 10-15 percent of the intellectual capital at their companies is used properly. Most seem a bit embarrassed when admitting it, but somehow the average manager has gotten used to it and accepted that this is and should be. To survive in a surplus society, we believe it is vital to escape from a situation in which employment actually means “competence castration (删割).” Henry Ford once said: “Why is it that I always get a whole person, when what I really want is just a pair of hands?” Today, we need whole persons — head and heart, body and soul. Feelings and fantasy go hand in hand. Without soul, there can be only limited skill.
In relation to our customers the new trend means focusing on the extended experience, trying to look and think beyond the actual parts. As a Hewlett-Packard executive once remarked, sushi is cold, dead fish, but that isn’t how it should be marketed. So why, then, do so many companies persisting in selling cold, dead fish to consumers so much more interested in sushi? Think about when you last bought a PC. What were the sales arguments — price, performance, or power? We claim that in a true excess economy, all those are given. From a strict price/performance view it will not really matter which vacuum cleaner, TV set, VCR, or microwave you buy. They are all more or less equally good. Getting that stuff right only buys you a ticket to take part in the game. In the future, your company will win by appealing to the feelings and fantasies of the customer. Otherwise, you will have to deal with the demanding customers on a purely economic basis, which will without doubt result in zero profits as you will compete globally with an infinite number of other similar firms. In the age of affection, the way to create real profit is to attract the emotional rather than the purely rational consumers.
51. According to the passage, many companies may _______ people’s feelings like lust, wideness etc.
A. be unhappy about B. be terrified of
C. be concerned with D. be curious about
52. The following things except _______ should be taken into account if a company wants to succeed in competition
A. soul economy B. scale economy
C. skill economy D. classic economy
53. Why can’t intellectual capital be put into good use?
A. The employees have no motivation to work.
B. The employees’ emotions are often ignored.
C. The managers lack proper managing skills.
D. The managers find it too costly to do so.
54. When it comes to the employees, people find _______.
A. today many employees are not so skillful as before
B. many employees just work with their hands
C. employees’ skills and emotions are of great importance nowadays
D. Henry Ford put “soul economy” into practice when choosing employees
55. From the example in the second paragraph, we can conclude that _______.
A. high quality products can ensure a company’s success in competition
B. price, performance and power are equally important for a company
C. companies are facing more and more highly demanding consumers
D. companies have to take consumers’ emotions into account to succeed
【答案】51. A 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了在情感时代，创造真正利润的方式是吸引感性的消费者，而不是单纯理性的消费者。公司要考虑顾客的情感才能取胜。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第一段Love, lust, joy, wildness, and a touch of the zany (小丑) — why is it that at many companies these are frowned on?（爱、欲望、喜悦、野性和滑稽的触摸——为什么许多公司对于这些都是皱着眉头?）可知许多公司对于人们的欲望、野性等情感不高兴，故选A。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第一段The company that desires to be competitive in the future cannot deprive itself of the strengths associated with what we would like to call “economies of soul”. Scale and skill economies will still matter.可知如果一个公司想要在竞争中成功，应该考虑soul economy、scale economy和skill economy，故选D。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在第一段But as Professor Manfred Kets de Vries at INSEAD (欧洲商学院) puts it, unless the resources that make people mad, sad, and glad, can be put to good use, knowledge is not used, it is abused. This is one of the main reasons why so many executives admit that as little as 10-15 percent of the intellectual capital at their companies is used properly.（但正如欧洲工商管理学院教授曼弗雷德•凯茨•德•弗里斯所说的那样,除非资源,使人疯狂,伤心,高兴,可以好好利用,知识没有被使用，这是滥用。这也是为什么许多高管承认，他们公司仅有10%至15%的智力资本得到了合理利用的主要原因之一。）由此推断出知识资本没有得到很好地利用是因为员工的情感经常被忽略，故选B。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在第一段Henry Ford once said: “Why is it that I always get a whole person, when what I really want is just a pair of hands?” Today, we need whole persons — head and heart, body and soul. Feelings and fantasy go hand in hand. Without soul, there can be only limited skill.（亨利·福特曾经说过:“为什么我总是得到一个完整的人，而我真正想要的只是一双手?”今天，我们需要完整的人——头脑和心灵，身体和灵魂。感情和幻想是密切相关的。没有灵魂，就只有有限的技能。）由此推断出，当谈到员工时，人们认为员工的技能和情感都很重要，故选C。
【55题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第二段In the future, your company will win by appealing to the feelings and fantasies of the customer.（在未来，你的公司将通过迎合顾客的感受和幻想而获胜。）可知公司要考虑顾客的情感才能取胜，故选D。
第Ⅱ卷(35分)
第三部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下列短文，按照要求用英文回答问题。
Growing up in Arizona’s rodeo (竞技) country, I was familiar with the events that come with traveling rodeos: bull riding, dressing and mutton busting. Mutton busting is like bull riding, but instead of bulls, they use sheep. And in place of the men, it’s children between six and ten years old who try to hang on for eight seconds.
It took me all of five minutes to say yes to the idea of riding a sheep. Being seven years old, my decision- making ability was pretty limited. I figured I could ride a sheep as well as the next kid. Little did I know that I was in for a world of pain and embarrassment.
My nerves were shaking the day of the rodeo. I hated being in front of crowds. I didn’t like getting dirty; I didn’t even like sheep, which I thought of as just dirty and smelly. Yet there I was, getting ready to ride one for eight seconds in front of hundreds of people. I wanted to run out of the field and hide in the hot car until it was over. But by the time this idea occurred to me, it was too late. I was lifted away from my mother by a rodeo trainer and placed onto a platform.
My feet went into the narrow pen (羊圈) first. I felt my shoes touch the dirty floor of the pen. Once I was balanced on the top of the sheep, the trainer let go and told me to lean forward. I did as he said. I could feel the animal’s heart beating faster than mine. I realized that the poor sheep was even more frightened than I was.
Then the gate opened, and I quickly discovered that my hold was too weak. Within three seconds I had fallen off the sheep, and found myself face-down on the sun-baked earth. The sheep thought this was its time to take revenge (复仇), and attacked me from behind. There I lay, hat down, covered in dirt, with tears streaming down my face. I looked behind me to see my mother running to comfort me. “Stand up and show them you’re okay,” she told me as she wiped the dirty tears from my face. I stood up, dirty and upset, waved my little hand, and walked out with my mother.
Sadly, I didn’t win anything, not even the respect of these rodeo animals. I did find a new admiration for those little balls of wool, though.
56. Who is mutton busting intended for? (no more than 5 words)
________________
57. Why did the author decide to take part in the competition? (no more than 10 words)
________________
58. What does this idea refer to? (no more than 15 words)
________________
59. What does Paragraph 5 talk about? (no more than 10 words)
________________
60. Is it very important to win a competition? Why? (no more than 25 words)
________________
【答案】56. It’s for 6-to-10-year-old children.
OR: Children aged 6 to 10
57. Because he thought he could do well
OR: Because he thought he could do as well as other kids.
58. The author wanted to run away and hide himself until the competition was over.
OR: The author wanted to give up taking part in the competition.
OR: The author wanted to drop out of the competition.
59. It talks about the author’s performance in the sheep riding.
OR: How the author failed in the sheep riding.
60. One possible answer: No. Because the process of the competition is more important.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者参加骑羊比赛的一次经历。虽然作者比赛失败了，但却有所收获。
【56题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Mutton busting is like bull riding, but instead of bulls, they use sheep. And in place of the men, it’s children between six and ten years old who try to hang on for eight seconds.(骑羊就像骑公牛，但他们用绵羊代替公牛。取而代之的是六到十岁的孩子他们试图坚持八秒钟。)”可知，骑羊比赛（mutton busting）主要为六到十岁的孩子准备的，故答案为It’s for 6-to-10-year-old children. OR: Children aged 6 to 10.
【57题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中“It took me all of five minutes to say yes to the idea of riding a sheep...I figured I could ride a sheep as well as the next kid.(我花了五分钟才同意骑羊。我想我可以像其他孩子一样骑羊。)”可知，作者同意参加这个比赛，是因为他认为自己会像其他孩子一样骑羊，即认为自己会表现得好，故答案为Because he thought he could do well. OR: Because he thought he could do as well as other kids.
【58题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据划线单词上文“I wanted to run out of the field and hide in the hot car until it was over.(我想跑出战场，躲在车里，直到一切结束。)”可推知，“this idea(这个主意)”指的是作者想要跑出战场，躲在车里，直到比赛结束，即他想要放弃/退出比赛。故答案为The author wanted to run away and hide himself until the competition was over. OR: The author wanted to give up taking part in the competition. OR: The author wanted to drop out of the competition.
【59题详解】
考查主旨大意。根据第五段中“Then the gate opened, and I quickly discovered that my hold was too weak. Within three seconds I had fallen off the sheep, and found myself face-down on the sun-baked earth. The sheep thought this was its time to take revenge (复仇), and attacked me from behind. There I lay, hat down, covered in dirt, with tears streaming down my face. I looked behind me to see my mother running to comfort me.(然后大门打开了，我很快发现我的支撑力太弱了。不到三秒钟，我就从羊身上摔了下来，发现自己脸朝下躺在被太阳烤焦的土地上。羊认为这是它报复我的时候到了，于是从背后袭击我。我躺在那里，帽子脱落，浑身是泥，泪水顺着脸颊流下来。我回头看见妈妈跑过来安慰我。)”可知，第五段主要讲述了作者在骑羊比赛中的表现，即作者是如何在骑羊中失败的，故答案为It talks about the author’s performance in the sheep riding. OR: How the author failed in the sheep riding.
【60题详解】
开放题，言之有理即可。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Sadly, I didn’t win anything, not even the respect of these rodeo animals. I did find a new admiration for those little balls of wool, though.(可悲的是，我什么也没赢，甚至没有得到这些竞技动物的尊重。不过我倒是对那些小毛球有了新的敬佩之情。)”可知，作者参加骑羊比赛虽然失败了，但是作者却有所收获，由此可以得出的一个答案是：赢得比赛不是很重要，因为参加比赛的过程更重要，故答案为No. Because the process of the competition is more important.
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
61. 假设你叫李津，你的英国朋友Jason所在的学校要组织来中国进行主题夏令营活动，每个学生可以从以下三个主题营中选择一个参加：1. 唐诗学习夏令营；2. 乒乓球训练营；3. 剪纸学习夏令营。Jason来信希望你能给他推荐一个。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.对 Jason的来访表示欢迎；
2.你推荐的课程及推荐理由；
3.对这次学访提一些生活方面的建议。
注意：1.词数不少于 100词；
2.可以适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯；
3.文章的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：唐诗(Tang poems)；剪纸(paper-cutting)
Dear Jason,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Jin
【答案】Dear Jason,
I am glad that you are going to join in summer camps in China. Of the three themes, I suggest that you should choose to learn to play table tennis. My reasons are as follows.
In the beginning, it is easy to learn table tennis. Table tennis can help you build up your strength and make you become more energetic. Besides, table tennis is popular among Chinese people. By participating in this table tennis training class, not only can you make some friends with the same interest but also you can get some professional guidance and improve your skills. By the way, you can visit some tourist attractions in your free time to experience local conditions and customs.
I hope you will enjoy your summer camp. I am looking forward to meeting you in China.
Yours,
Li Jin
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给要来中国参加主题夏令营活动的英国朋友Jason写信，向他推荐三个主题营中的一个活动，内容包括：1.对 Jason的来访表示欢迎；2.你推荐的课程及推荐理由；3.对这次学访提一些生活方面的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
参加：join in→take part in
此外：besides→what’s more
游玩：visit→pay a visit to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Table tennis can help you build up your strength and make you become more energetic.
拓展句：Table tennis is a good sport, which can help you build up your strength and make you become more energetic.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Of the three themes, I suggest that you should choose to learn to play table tennis. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】By participating in this table tennis training class, not only can you make some friends with the same interest but also you can get some professional guidance and improve your skills. (运用了部分倒装结构)
第Ⅲ卷(20分)
第四部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)
第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A, B, C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。每段对话仅读一遍。
62. What will the speakers do next?
A. Check the map. B. Leave the restaurant. C. Park the car.
63. Where are the speakers?
A. At a bus stop. B. At home. C. At the airport.
64. What did the speakers do last week?
A. They had a celebration dinner.
B. They went to see a newborn baby.
C. They sent a mail to their neighbors.
65. Why does the man make the phone call?
A. To cancel a weekend trip.
B. To make an appointment.
C. To get some information.
66. What does the man probably want to do?
A. Do some exercise. B. Get an extra key. C. Order room service.
第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A, B, C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第67, 68题。
67. Why does the woman come to the man?
A. To ask for permission. B. To extend an invitation. C. To express thanks.
68. When are the students going to the museum?
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
听第7段材料，回答第69至71题。
69. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Buying groceries. B. Choosing gifts. C. Seeing friends.
70. Who is Clara?
A. The man’s wife. B. The man’s sister. C. The man’s daughter.
71. How much did the man spend on the city passes?
A. $36. B. $50. C. $150.
听第 8段材料，回答第 72至 74题。
72. Why did Tracy bring dogs to the children?
A. To teach them to love animals.
B. To help them gain confidence.
C. To protect them from dangers.
73. What is Kevin’s concern about the dog?
A. They may misbehave. B. They may get hurt. C. They may carry diseases.
74. What will Helen do tomorrow morning?
A. Give a talk. B. Meet the children. C. Take some photos.
听第 9段材料，回答第 75至 78题。
75. What is the man doing?
A. Attending a lecture. B. Hosting a workshop. C. Conducting an interview.
76. Why is Emily doing unpaid work in the new season of the show?
A. To follow the latest trend.
B. To help raise the crew’s pay.
C. To support the post-production.
77. What enables Emily to try different things in her field?
A. Her college education. B. Her teaching experience. C. Her family tradition.
78. What does Emily think of her work at the Film Centre?
A. Boring. B. Rewarding. C. Demanding
听第 10段材料，回答第 79至 81题。
79. Who is the speaker talking to?
A. Sports club members. B. International tourists. C. University students.
80. Where dd Emma work for a rugby team?
A. In Manchester. B. In Dublin. C. In Vancouver
81. What can be a challenge to Emma’s work?
A. Competition in the health care industry.
B. Discrimination gains female scientists.
C. Influence of misinformation on the public.
听力答案：CBBCA ABBCC BAACC ABABC
天津市耀华中学2023届高三年级第三次月考
英语学科试卷
★请同学们将试题答案填涂或填写在答题卡上
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)，第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)和第Ⅲ卷(听力试卷)三部分，共150分，第Ⅰ，Ⅱ卷考试时间100分钟，听力考试时间为20分钟。
祝各位同学考试顺利!
第Ⅰ卷(95分)
第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —The Youth League Committee is looking for volunteers for the promotion of rubbish-sorting. Would you like to join in?
—________. Everyone should do his bit.
A. You asked for it B. You bet
C. You have my word D. You’ve got me there
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。A. You asked for it你自找的；B. You bet当然了。 C. You have my word我向你保证。D. You’ve got me there你难住我了。句意：青年人联盟委员会正在寻找垃圾分类的志愿者，你愿意参加吗？当然了，每个人都应该做出自己的贡献。故B项正确。
【点睛】情景交际用语的考查关键在于理解上下文语境，同时要注意辨析选项的意思。平时熟记各种情景下的不同的交际用语，尤其是一些与汉语相差较大的表达。做这类试题，要求同学们按照所给的情景，选择最佳问句或答句，完成题目。要想做好这类题目，关键是平时要养成讲英语的良好习惯，努力提高口语水平，熟练掌握日常会话项目中常用的问答语。
2. Not knowing much of the world yet, simple-minded teenagers are easily ________.
A. left behind B. picked up C. taken in D. set off
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：对世界还不了解，头脑简单的青少年很容易被欺骗。A. left behind留下；B. picked up捡起；C. taken in欺骗；D. set off动身。结合“Not knowing much of the world yet, simple-minded teenagers”和常识可知，涉世未深，头脑简单的青少年很容易被欺骗。故选C项。
3. The ________ snow on the top of the mountain will melt sooner or later because of the rising temperature.
A. temporary B. permanent C. intense D. complicated
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于气温的上升，山顶上的永久积雪迟早会融化。A. temporary临时的；B. permanent永久的；C. intense紧张的；D. complicated复杂的。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，根据“melt sooner or later because of the rising temperature”表示“永久的积雪”用permanent。故选B。
4. —Can I call you back at two o’clock this afternoon?
—I’m sorry，but then I ________ to Beijing. How about five?
A. will be flying B. will have flown C. will fly D. will be flown
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：——我能今天下午2点回电话给您吗？——对不起，那个时候我正坐在飞往北京的飞机上，5点钟行吗？根据时间状语“at two o’clock this afternoon”以及答语中“then”可知，此处表示将来某个时间点正在发生的动作，应用将来进行时。故选A项。
5. is obviously right is to give all children equal opportunities to develop their special gift.
A. Which B. As C. That D. What
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：明显正确的做法就是给所有的孩子提供平等发展特殊才能的机会。连接词引导一个主语从句，并在主语从句中做句子的主语，故选D项。
6. Students are expected to dress _________, suitable for weather conditions, and in good taste.
A. accurately B. adequately C. essentially D. attractively
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：学生们要穿着得体，适应天气条件，有品位。A. accurately准确地、精确地；B. adequately足够地、合乎需要地；C. essentially本质上、大体上；D. attractively迷人地、有吸引力地。根据句意可知，此处指根据不同天气情况穿衣，还要具有良好品味，说明要衣着得体，应用adequately。故选B项。
7. —How do you go to your office every day?
—Normally, I take the subway to work, ________ most of my colleagues.
A. so do B. so does C. as does D. as do
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：——你每天怎样去上班？——通常我和我的大多数同事一样乘坐地铁去。分析句子可知，此处缺少连词，故填as作为连词，表示“正如……，如同……”，其后通常接“助动词+主语”，相当于“and so +助动词+主语”，又主语colleagues是复数，故用助动词do，故选D项。
8. Safety should be a priority in any industry and it should come as no surprise that ________ safety issues early can actually save money, long-term, for companies.
A. requiring B. inquiring C. addressing D. acquiring
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在任何行业安全都应该优先考虑，从长远来看，尽早解决安全问题是为公司节约资金，这是不足为奇的。A. requiring要求；B. inquiring询问；C. addressing设法解决；D. acquiring获得。结合句意可知，此处译为“解决安全问题”符合语境，故选C项。
9. Nowadays, there still exist a lot of challenges facing some developing countries, ________ the greatest is hunger.
A. which B. whose C. of which D. to which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当前，一些发展中国家仍然面临着许多挑战，其中最大的挑战就是饥饿。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是challenges，指物，且根据句意可知，此处表示“挑战中最大的一个”，即“the greatest of the challenges”，应用介词of+关系代词which来引导定语从句，故选C。
10. —I’m thinking of going away after Christmas for a week or so. Somewhere warm, you know.
—What kind of price ________ were you thinking about? I can find the exact information for you.
A. variety B. range
C. list D. level
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：--我正在考虑圣诞以后出去大约一周，你知道，一些暖和的地方。--你考虑什么样的价格范围？我可以帮你找到确切的信息。A.variety种类；B.range范围；C.list列表；D.level水平。根据“I can find the exact information for you.”可知，你考虑什么样的价格范围。故B正确。
11. The tourism industry, as the core of our local economy, is supposed____in the months to come.
A. to recover B. to have recovered
C. to be recovering D. to have been recovering
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：旅游业作为本地经济的核心，应该在未来数月内会复苏。短语be supposed to do sth.表示“应该做某事”，由in the months to come可知，这是将来的动作，并不是目前正在进行的动作，故排除C选项；B、D选项均表示recover发生在谓语动词is supposed to之前，与语境不符合。故选A。
12. While it wasn’t the goal of the trip, I was rewarded with fresh insights, ones that ________ to me during the regular course of business.
A. might never happen B. could never have happened
C. should not happen D. needn’t have happened
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：虽然这并不是这次旅行的目的，但我得到了一些新的领悟，那些领悟在我的日常生活中是本不可能发生的。此处考查虚拟语气，“我得到新的领悟”发生在过去，故此处是与过去事实相反，应用could/might/would/need/should+have done，“本不可能发生”是could never have happened，故选B项。
【点睛】本题考查“情态动词+have done”的虚拟语气，其常用表达有：
could have done本能做某事而未做 couldn’t have done不可能做了某事
should have done本应该做某事而未做 shouldn’t have done本不应该做某事而做了
would have done本会某事而未做 wouldn’t have done本不会做某事而做了
need have done本需要做某事而未做 needn’t have done本不必要做某事而做了
13. —Why didn’t you attend the assembly this morning?
—But I ________ anything about that.
A. didn’t tell B. haven’t told C. hadn’t been told D. haven’t been told
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：——你为什么没有参加今天早上的集会？——没人告诉我。主语I和tell之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态，又“没有告诉”的动作发生在今天早上之前，即过去之过去，故用过去完成时的被动语态，即had been done，故选C项。
14. In Lebanon, they say, a 50% increase in the price of cigarettes would lead to ________ many people ________ smoking in poorer households as wealthy families.
A. as twice; quitting B. twice as; to quit C. as twice; to quit D. twice as; quitting
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查倍数表达和非谓语动词。句意：据说在黎巴嫩，香烟价格上涨50%会导致来自贫穷家庭的戒烟人数比富裕家庭多一倍。分析句子可知，第一空考查倍数的表达，即“倍数+as+adj/adv+as”，故BD项第一空表达正确；第二空考查短语lead to sb doing sth，意为“导致某人做某事”，doing作为介词to的宾语，故D项正确，故选D项。
【点睛】本题考查倍数的表达之“A+倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+B”，表示“A正好是B的多少倍”
倍数的表达一般有三种形式：
“A+倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than+B”，表示“A比B大(长、高、宽等)多少倍”。如:
This rope is twice longer than that one. 这根绳子是那根绳子的两倍长(比那根绳子长一倍)
2.“A+倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+B”，表示“A正好是B的多少倍”。如：
Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。
3. “A+倍数+the size/height/length/width, etc+of+B”，表示“A正好是B的多少倍”。如：
This street is four times the length of that one. 这条街是那条街的四倍长。
15. When I came in, John was sitting in the corner with his hands ________ on his head, ________ nervously for the final result.
A. crossed waited B. crossed, waiting C. crossing, waited D. crossing, waiting
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查with的复合结构和非谓语动词。句意：当我进来时，约翰坐在角落里双手交叉在头上，焦急地等待着最后的结果。分析句子可知，第一空考查with的复合结构，逻辑主语his hands和cross（交叉）之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词crossed作宾补；第二空是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语he和wait之间是主动关系，故用现在分词waiting，故选B项。
【点睛】本题第一空考查with的复合结构，即with+n/pron.+doing/done/to do ，其中doing, done, to do是宾语补足语，n/pron主动发出动作用doing，n/pron承受动作（被动）用done，动作尚未发生用to do。本题中名词hands承受动作cross，故用crossed。
第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
One of my neighbors used to have a beautiful tree in her front yard. Her dad had planted it for her ____16____ it was nothing more than a little branch and several years later it started to ____17____ towards the sky at an amazing speed. Soon it blessed her with cooling ____18____ in the summer and glorious, golden leaves in the fall.
When the two-day snowstorm struck our town, heavy snow ____19____ the tree’s branches that were still full of leaves. The weight split that lovely tree down the ____20____. It was so sad seeing half of it ____21____ on the ground after the storm. When I talked to my neighbor later, she said that the damage had been too much and that the ____22____ tree would have to be cut down. ____23____, she had saved a few seedlings from it that she hoped to ____24____ in the future.
Still, it was a shock to drive by her house the other day and see _____25_____ but a stump (树桩) in her front yard. I missed that tree. I missed its branches, its leaves _____26_____ in the afternoon sun. I missed seeing its limbs (树枝) reach towards the heavens. I thought that the stump would be a sad _____27_____ of its loss for a long time to come.
My wonderful neighbor had another plan, _____28_____. When I drove by her home today I saw a tiny bird feeder sitting on that stump and a colorful songbird having its _____29_____. It was such an affirmation (肯定) of life. It was such a joy to _____30_____. I could feel my heart _____31_____.
Life by its very nature is a _____32_____ bag. It hands us both beauty and tragedy, love and loss, _____33_____ and pain. What we do with it, however, is up to us. We can let it _____34_____ us in two, or we can use even its hardest times to make our _____35_____ stronger and our hearts more loving. We can spend it complaining or we can use it to help others.
16. A. unless B. when C. until D. because
17. A. circulate B. chase C. shoot D. stand
18. A. wind B. shade C. quality D. system
19. A. fell on B. took apart C. got through D. broke down
20. A. top B. middle C. bottom D. root
21. A. dancing B. spreading C. trembling D. lying
22. A. abnormal B. bare C. sick D. entire
23. A. Originally B. Doubtfully C. Thankfully D. Particularly
24. A. replace B. renew C. replant D. remove
25. A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing
26. A. falling B. shaking C. floating D. shining
27. A. story B. expectation C. reminder D. view
28. A. though B. therefore C. still D. otherwise
29. A. rest B. baby C. date D. dinner
30. A. see B. solve C. approach D. realize
31. A. beat B. smile C. hurt D. sink
32. A. mixed B. changeable C. separated D. stable
33. A. sorrow B. wealth C. pleasure D. wonder
34. A. split B. pull C. benefit D. attach
35. A. connections B. families C. bodies D. souls
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. B 21. D 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者邻居家一棵长非常茂盛的大树因为暴风雪，最终只剩下一个树桩之后，邻居在树桩上放了一个小鸟喂食器，变成小鸟吃东西的地方的故事。通过这个故事，作者告诉我们虽然失去了美丽的大树和树荫，但是用积极的办法将失去转变为新的获得，也是很好的办法。人生本就有得有失，最重要的是我们如何对待它。
【16题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：当它还只是一根小树枝的时候，她的爸爸就为她种下了它，几年后，它开始以惊人的速度冲向天空。A. unless除非；B. when当……时候；C. until直到；D. because因为。根据下文“it was nothing more than a little branch”可知，是邻居的爸爸在这棵树还是小树枝的时候就给她中下了。故选B。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. circulate循环；B. chase追赶；C. shoot射击，快速移动；D. stand站立。根据下文的“towards the sky at an amazing speed”可知，几年后，这棵树开始以惊人的速度向上生长。故选C。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，它就为她带来了夏天凉爽的树荫和秋天灿烂的金色树叶。A. wind风；B. shade阴凉处；C. quality质量；D. system系统。根据下文“in the summer and glorious, golden leaves in the fall”可知，夏天给她带来了清凉。故选B。
【19题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：当这场为期两天的暴风雪袭击我们小镇时，大雪落在还缀满叶子的树枝上。A. fell on落在……上；B. took apart拆开；C. got through通过；D. broke down崩溃。根据上文“When the two-day snowstorm struck our town, heavy snow”可知，是厚厚的雪落在树枝上。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：重量把那棵可爱的树从中间劈开了。A. top顶端；B. middle中间；C. bottom底部；D. root根。根据下文“It was so sad seeing half of it”可知，是积雪将树从中间劈成两半。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：暴风雪过后，看到它的一半躺在地上，真是太伤心了。A. dancing跳舞；B. spreading传播；C. trembling颤抖；D. lying躺。根据下文“on the ground after the storm”可知，是树的一半躺在地上。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来我和邻居聊天时，她说破坏太严重了，必须把整棵树都砍下来。A. abnormal不正常的；B. bare秃的；C. sick生病的；D. entire整个的。根据上文“she said that the damage had been too much”可知，树被破坏的太严重了，所以需要把整棵树都砍下来。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸好，她从中挽救了几棵幼苗，希望将来能重新种植。A. Originally最初地；B. Doubtfully怀疑地；C. Thankfully幸好；D. Particularly特别。根据下文“she had saved a few seedlings from it”可知，幸好邻居救出了几棵幼苗。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. replace代替；B. renew更新；C. replant再植；D. remove移除。根据上文“she had saved a few seedlings from it”可知，邻居想重新种植。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：不过，前几天开车经过她家时，除了前院的一根树桩什么都没有，还是让人震惊。A. everything一切；B. something某事；C. anything任何事；D. nothing没有什么。根据下文“but a stump (树桩) in her front yard”可知，除了树桩什么都没有。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想念它的树枝，它的叶子在午后的阳光下闪闪发光。A. falling跌落；B. shaking摇晃；C. floating漂浮；D. shining闪耀。根据下文“in the afternoon sun”可知树叶在阳光中闪耀。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，这个树桩会在未来很长一段时间里成为一个悲伤的提醒。A. story故事；B. expectation期盼；C. reminder提醒物；D. view风景。根据上文中的“the stump would be a sad”可知，在未来很长一段时间里，这个树桩将是它消失的一个悲伤的提醒。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不过，我的好邻居另有打算。A. though然而；B. therefore因此；C. still仍然；D. otherwise否则。根据上文“My wonderful neighbor had another plan”可知邻居另有打算，表转折。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我开车经过她家时，看到一个小小的喂鸟器停在树桩上，一只彩色的鸣鸟正在吃东西。A. rest休息；B. baby婴儿；C. date日期；D. dinner晚餐。根据上文“I saw a tiny bird feeder sitting on that stump”可知鸟儿在吃东西。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到它真是太高兴了。A. see看见；B. solve解决；C. approach接近；D. realize意识到。根据上文“It was such an affirmation (肯定) of life.”可知作者看见这样的一幕很开心。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能感觉到我的心在微笑。A. beat击败；B. smile微笑；C. hurt伤害；D. sink下沉。根据上文“It was such a joy”可知作者看见这开心的一幕，感觉自己的心都在微笑。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生活本质上就是一个大杂烩。A. mixed混合的；B. changeable易变的；C. separated分离的；D. stable稳定的。根据下文“It hands us both beauty and tragedy, love and loss, ____18____ and pain.”可知生活本身就是混杂的。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它赋予我们美丽与悲剧，爱与失去，快乐与痛苦。A. sorrow悲伤；B. wealth财富；C. pleasure快乐；D. wonder奇迹。根据下文“and pain”可知生活中包含了快乐和痛苦。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以让它把我们一分为二，或者我们可以利用它最艰难的时刻让我们的灵魂更强大，我们的心更有爱心。A. split分裂；B. pull拉；C. benefit受益；D. attach附上。根据下文中的“us in two”可知，我们可以将自己分裂成两种不同的方式看待生活。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. connections联系；B. families家庭；C. bodies身体；D. souls灵魂。根据下文中的“stronger and our hearts more loving”可知，即使是处于最困难的时候，我们也可以让自己的灵魂更坚强，让自己的心充满更多的爱。故选D。
第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
TRAIL SAFE! is a unique safety training program designed specifically for National Park Service (NPS) Trail Volunteers, but is useful to everyone! It’s based upon NPS Operational Leadership Training, where the human factor of safety is explored. TRAIL SAFE! captures (捕捉) the core learning objectives of the 16-hour Operational Leadership course while allowing volunteers to learn from their own homes online.
The TRAIL SAFE! series includes eight video lessons, each ranging in length from 18 to 40 minutes long. Watch them over the course of multiple days, or “binge watch” the entire series in three hours—it’s up to you—but please watch them in order from Lesson 1 through Lesson 8. After viewing the lessons, send your training verification (验证) emails to register your participation. When you have viewed and registered for all eight individual lessons, each participant will receive a TRAIL SAFE! pin and a SPE/GAR card in the mail for use in the field. Thank you for helping to make Sleeping Bear Dunes one of the safest work environments for NPS Trail Volunteers like yourself.
Ready to start?
Click on this link to access all TRAIL SAFE! videos: https://www.nps.gov/iatr/trail-safe.htm
If you require Audio Descriptive versions of TRAIL SAFE!, the link to those videos is also available on the Ice Age Trail site.
Record your participation
In order to receive credits for your participation, please fill in your answers to the following questions and email to: Matthew_mohrman@nps.gov.
●Which video lesson did you just complete viewing?
●Name of the Trail where you volunteer.
●Your name and full mailing address, so we may send your course completion materials to you.
●Names and addresses of others if you are viewing this lesson in a group setting.
●Optional: Please let us know any comments or suggestions you have about this lesson.
Upon registering your completion for the entire eight lesson series, you’ll receive your TRAIL SAFE! pin and risk assessment card via mail.
36. What is the aim of TRAIL SAFE!?
A. To develop volunteers’ operational leadership.
B. To offer links to the websites for learning.
C. To provide credits for viewing.
D. To pass the risk assessment.
37. How long does it take the participants to watch the eight videos at a time?
A. 18 minutes. B. 40 minutes.
C. 3 hours. D. 16 hours.
38. What should the participants do to get a SPE/GAR card?
A. Watch and register for all the series.
B. Give some comments on the lessons.
C. Send and receive training mails.
D. Answer all of the questions.
39. What can be inferred about the job of NPS Trail Volunteers?
A. It is popular with everyone. B. It can be dangerous.
C. It shall be completed online. D. It needs NPS working experience.
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. A 39. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为一则广告。TRAIL SAFE!是一个独特的安全培训计划，专为国家公园服务步道志愿者设计，但对每个人都有用！文章介绍了这一培训计划。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的TRAIL SAFE! captures (捕捉) the core learning objectives of the 16-hour Operational Leadership course while allowing volunteers to learn from their own homes online.可知，TRAIL SAFE!的目的是培养志愿者们的业务领导能力。故A选项正确。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的Watch them over the course of multiple days, or “binge watch” the entire series in three hours可知，参与者可以用三个小时一次观看完8个视频。故C选项正确。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的When you have viewed and registered for all eight individual lessons, each participant will receive a TRAIL SAFE! pin and a SPE/GAR card in the mail for use in the field.可知，参与者浏览并注册了全部八节单独的课程后，可以获得SPE/GAR卡。故A选项正确。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的TRAIL SAFE! is a unique safety training program designed specifically for National Park Service (NPS) Trail Volunteers, but is useful to everyone!可推知，家公园服务步道志愿者的工作可能存在危险。故B选项正确。
【点睛】细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。
以本文第2小题为例，本题运用定位法：我们根据题干How long does it take the participants to watch the eight videos at a time?其关键词是watch the eight videos at a time，从而直接定位到含有eight videos的文段——第二段中的Watch them over the course of multiple days, or “binge watch” the entire series in three hours可知，参与者可以用三个小时一次观看完8个视频。故C选项正确。
B
The term “Iron Man” has many connotations(内涵), including references to a song, a comic book icon, even a movie. Yet only one definition of the term truly lives up to its name: the Ironman triathlon held annually in Hawaii, a picturesque(独特的)setting for a challenging race, which demands amazing physical prowess and the ability to swim, bike, and run a marathon, all in less than 12 hours with no break. Very few individuals are up to the task.
However, Gordon Haller is a notable exception. Growing up in the 1950s, Haller developed an interest in many sports categorized as endurance(耐性)athletics and welcomed their physical demands. As he pursued a degree in physics he drove a taxi to pay the bills, but competitive training proved his passion. So when he heard about the race in 1978, the first year it was held, he immediately signed up.
The race originated in a somewhat amusing way. The members of the two popular sports clubs, the Mid-Pacific Road Runners of Honolulu and the Waikiki Swim Club of Oahu, had a long-standing and good-natured debate going over who made better athletes: runners or swimmers. However, some local bikes thought both clubs were wrong, claiming that they, in fact, deserved the title. Wanting to settle the dispute (争论)once and for all, they decided to combine three separate races already held annually on the island into one massive test of endurance. Thus, the Waikiki Roughwater Swim of 2.4 miles, the Around-Oahu Bike race of 112 miles, and the Honolulu Marathon of 26.2 miles were all put together to form the Ironman Triathlon.
Haller was one of only fifteen competitors to show up that February morning to start the race. He quickly scanned the few pages of rules and instructions, and on the last page he discovered a sentence that would become the race’s famous slogan: “Swim 2.4 miles! Bike 112 miles! Run 26.2 miles! Brag(吹牛)for the rest of your life!” Haller took that to heart, and at the end of the day, he became the first Ironman champion in history. Haller’s physical strength enabled him to do what no one else in the past had accomplished.
In the approximately thirty years since that very first race, the Ironman has become a tradition in Hawaii and now boasts approximately 1500 entrants every year. The competitors who complete the race don’t have to be the first across the finish line to claim success: just finishing is a victory onto itself.
40. The “Iron Man”in the passage above refers to ____________.
A. a folk song B. a movie character
C. a triathlon athlete D. a sports event
41. What do we know about Gordon Haller from the passage?
A. He had a great interest in all kinds of sports.
B. He was a member of the Waikiki Swim Club of Oahu.
C. He became a taxi driver after he graduated from school.
D. He was the champion in the first Ironman Triathlon.
42. What does the underlined word “prowess” in the first paragraph mean?
A. muscles B. skills C. balance D. reaction
43. The Ironman race was born due to the fact that__________.
A. The two clubs fought over who made better athletes.
B. Gordon Haller wanted to show his great endurance.
C. The combined race can help choose the most athletic.
D. Club members wanted to improve their physical abilities.
44. What can we infer from the passage about the first Ironman Triathlon?
A. Participants had to choose two from the three races in the first Ironman Triathlon.
B. Haller may not have known the rules of it before he showed up for the event.
C. No other competitors other than Haller finished the races in the end.
D. Sixteen competitors in total participated in it on February morning.
45. What does the last paragraph try to tell us?
A. It is the participation rather than victory that counts.
B. The current Ironman Triathlon is different from the original one.
C. The victors respond excitedly when crossing the finish line.
D. The event attracts many people because it creates good fortune.
【答案】40. D 41. D 42. B 43. C 44. B 45. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了铁人三项赛的创立和历史上第一位铁人三项赛冠军。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Yet only one definition of the term truly lives up to its name: the Ironman triathlon held annually in Hawaii, a picturesque setting for a challenging race(然而，只有一种定义名副其实：每年在风景如画的夏威夷举行的铁人三项赛)”可知，本文所指的应是“铁人三项赛”，是一种运动比赛。故选D项。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“at the end of the day, he became the first Ironman champion in history”可知，他成为了历史上第一个铁人三项冠军。选项D“He was the champion in the first Ironman Triathlon.”与原文内容表达信息一致。故选D项。
【42题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句“which demands amazing physical prowess and the ability to swim, bike, and run a marathon, all in less than 12 hours with no break.”可知，and为并列连词，划线单词应是与之后的ability为并列结构，同义表达，ability句中指“能力”，由此可推知“prowess”应是“技能”含义。故选B项。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“The race originated in a somewhat amusing way. The members of the two popular sports clubs, the Mid-Pacific Road Runners of Honolulu and the Waikiki Swim Club of Oahu, had a long-standing and good-natured debate going over who made better athletes: runners or swimmers. However, some local bikes thought both clubs were wrong, claiming that they, in fact, deserved the title. Wanting to settle the dispute once and for all, they decided to combine three separate races already held annually on the island into one massive test of endurance.(这场比赛以某种有趣的方式开始。火奴鲁鲁的中太平洋公路赛跑者和瓦胡岛的怀基基游泳俱乐部这两个受欢迎的体育俱乐部的成员就谁是更好的运动员进行了一场长期友好的辩论：赛跑者还是游泳者。然而，一些当地自行车俱乐部认为这两个俱乐部都错了，声称他们事实上应该获得冠军。为了一劳永逸地解决争议，他们决定将岛上每年举行的三场独立比赛合并成一场耐力的大规模测试。)”可知，设立这项比赛的初衷是综合比赛可以帮助选择最具运动能力的运动员。故选C项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容He quickly scanned the few pages of rules and instructions, and on the last page he discovered a sentence that would become the race’s famous slogan: “Swim 2.4 miles! Bike 112 miles! Run 26.2 miles! Brag for the rest of your life!” Haller took that to heart, and at the end of the day, he became the first Ironman champion in history(他迅速浏览了几页规则和说明，在最后一页，他发现了一句将成为比赛著名口号的话：“游2.4英里！自行车112英里！跑26.2 milcsl吹牛一辈子！”Haller将此铭记于心，最终，他成为历史上第一位铁人三项冠军)可知，他没有仔细浏览规则，受到口号的激励而奋勇拼搏成为历史上第一位铁人三项冠军。选项B“Haller may not have known the rules of it before he showed up for the event.”(Haller在参加比赛前可能不知道比赛规则。)为合理推断。故选B项。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章末尾内容“The competitors who complete the race don’t have to be the first across the finish line to claim success: just finishing is a victory onto itself.”可知，完成比赛的参赛者不一定是第一个冲过终点线的人才能宣称成功，仅仅是完成比赛本身就是一种胜利，可推知，作者最后一段想要表达的是：重要的是参与，而不是胜利。故选A项。
【点睛】细节理解题
考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字等议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。这类题目的共同特点是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根据文章提供的信息自己组织语句回答问题。比如文章的第1小题：
1. The “Iron Man” in the passage above refers to ____________.
A. a folk song B. a movie character
C. a triathlon athlete D. a sports event
根据关键词定位到文章内容“Yet only one definition of the term truly lives up to its name: the Ironman triathlon held annually in Hawaii, a picturesque setting for a challenging race”，可知，本文中的“Iron Man”应是“the Ironman triathlon(铁人三项赛)”，一种运动赛事。故选D项为答案。
C
Boys’ schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and involve them in activities such as art, dance and music.
Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity (阳刚), the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to obey a stereotype (陈规旧俗), a US study says.
Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness, rather than feeling they had to obey the “boy code” of hiding their emotions to be a “real man”.
The findings of the study go against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.
Tony Little, headmaster of Eton, warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.
The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when their female peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills
But in single-sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys’ learning style, letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom, wrote the study’s author, Abigail James, of the University of Virginia.
Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with “boy-focused” approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Because boys generally have more acute vision learn best through touch, and are physically more active, they need to be given “hands-on” lessons where they are allowed to walk around. “Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine (女性的) and prefer the modern type in which violence and sexism are major themes,” James wrote.
Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to obey a stereotype that men should be “masterful and in charge” in relationships. “In mixed schools boys feel forced to act like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means,” the study reported.
46. The author believes that a single-sex school would ______.
A. force boys to hide their emotions to be “real men”
B. encourage boys to express their emotions more freely
C. help to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boys
D. naturally reinforce in boys the traditional image of a man
47. It is commonly believed that in a mixed school boys ______.
A perform relatively better B. grow up more healthily
C. behave more responsibly D. receive a better education
48. What does Tony Little say about the British education system?
A. It fails more boys than girls academically.
B. It focuses more on mixed school education.
C. It fails to give boys the attention they need.
D. It places more pressure on boys than on girls.
49. According to Abigail James, one of the advantages of single-sex schools is ______.
A. teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys
B. boys can focus on their lessons without being distracted
C. boys can choose to learn whatever they are interested in
D. teaching can be designed to promote boys’ team spirit
50. Which of the following is characteristic of boys according to Abigail James’ report?
A. They enjoy being in charge. B. They obey stereotypes.
C. They are violent and sexist. D. They have sharper vision.
【答案】46. B 47. A 48. C 49. A 50. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了单独的男生学校的优点和好处，在这样的学校里，可以根据男性的特点组织教学，不受女生发展的影响。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness, rather than feeling they had to obey the “boy code” of hiding their emotions to be a “real man”.(据报道，单性别学校男生更有可能参与文化和艺术活动，这些活动有助于培养他们的情感表达能力，而不是觉得他们必须遵守隐藏自己情感的“男孩守则”，才能成为“真正的男人”)”可知，作者认为，单性别学校将鼓励男孩更自由地表达他们的情感。故选B。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The findings of the study go against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.(这项研究的结果与人们普遍认为的男孩在与女孩一起学习时表现更好的观点背道而驰)”可推知，人们普遍认为男生在男女混合学校的表现相对较好。故选A。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Tony Little, headmaster of Eton, warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.(伊顿公学校长Tony Little警告称，由于英国教育体系过于关注女孩，男孩正在被辜负。他批评老师们没有认识到男孩实际上比女孩更情绪化)”可知，Tony Little认为英国的教育系统没有给予男孩他们所需要的关注。故选C。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“But in single-sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys’ learning style, letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom, wrote the study’s author, Abigail James, of the University of Virginia.(弗吉尼亚大学的Abigail James是这项研究的作者，她写道，但在单性别学校，老师可以根据男孩的学习风格来定制课程，让他们在教室里走动，让他们组队比赛，以防止无聊)”可推知，Abigail James认为单性别学校的优势之一是教学可以根据男孩的特点进行调整。故选A。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Because boys generally have more acute vision learn best through touch, and are physically more active, they need to be given “hands-on” lessons where they are allowed to walk around.(因为男孩通常有更敏锐的视觉，通过触摸学习效果最好，身体也更活跃，所以他们需要上“动手”课，允许他们四处走动)”可知，根据Abigail James的报告，男生有更敏锐的视觉。故选D。
D
Love, lust, joy, wildness, and a touch of the zany (小丑) — why is it that at many companies these are frowned on? Still, we know that the best (and worst) things in life are associated with strong feelings. The company that desires to be competitive in the future cannot deprive itself of the strengths associated with what we would like to call “economies of soul”. Scale and skill economies will still matter. But as Professor Manfred Kets de Vries at INSEAD (欧洲商学院) puts it, unless the resources that make people mad, sad, and glad, can be put to good use, knowledge is not used, it is abused. This is one of the main reasons why so many executives admit that as little as 10-15 percent of the intellectual capital at their companies is used properly. Most seem a bit embarrassed when admitting it, but somehow the average manager has gotten used to it and accepted that this is and should be. To survive in a surplus society, we believe it is vital to escape from a situation in which employment actually means “competence castration (删割).” Henry Ford once said: “Why is it that I always get a whole person, when what I really want is just a pair of hands?” Today, we need whole persons — head and heart, body and soul. Feelings and fantasy go hand in hand. Without soul, there can be only limited skill.
In relation to our customers the new trend means focusing on the extended experience, trying to look and think beyond the actual parts. As a Hewlett-Packard executive once remarked, sushi is cold, dead fish, but that isn’t how it should be marketed. So why, then, do so many companies persisting in selling cold, dead fish to consumers so much more interested in sushi? Think about when you last bought a PC. What were the sales arguments — price, performance, or power? We claim that in a true excess economy, all those are given. From a strict price/performance view it will not really matter which vacuum cleaner, TV set, VCR, or microwave you buy. They are all more or less equally good. Getting that stuff right only buys you a ticket to take part in the game. In the future, your company will win by appealing to the feelings and fantasies of the customer. Otherwise, you will have to deal with the demanding customers on a purely economic basis, which will without doubt result in zero profits as you will compete globally with an infinite number of other similar firms. In the age of affection, the way to create real profit is to attract the emotional rather than the purely rational consumers.
51. According to the passage, many companies may _______ people’s feelings like lust, wideness etc.
A. be unhappy about B. be terrified of
C. be concerned with D. be curious about
52. The following things except _______ should be taken into account if a company wants to succeed in competition
A. soul economy B. scale economy
C. skill economy D. classic economy
53. Why can’t intellectual capital be put into good use?
A. The employees have no motivation to work.
B. The employees’ emotions are often ignored.
C. The managers lack proper managing skills.
D. The managers find it too costly to do so.
54. When it comes to the employees, people find _______.
A. today many employees are not so skillful as before
B. many employees just work with their hands
C. employees’ skills and emotions are of great importance nowadays
D. Henry Ford put “soul economy” into practice when choosing employees
55. From the example in the second paragraph, we can conclude that _______.
A. high quality products can ensure a company’s success in competition
B. price, performance and power are equally important for a company
C. companies are facing more and more highly demanding consumers
D. companies have to take consumers’ emotions into account to succeed
【答案】51. A 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了在情感时代，创造真正利润的方式是吸引感性的消费者，而不是单纯理性的消费者。公司要考虑顾客的情感才能取胜。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第一段Love, lust, joy, wildness, and a touch of the zany (小丑) — why is it that at many companies these are frowned on?（爱、欲望、喜悦、野性和滑稽的触摸——为什么许多公司对于这些都是皱着眉头?）可知许多公司对于人们的欲望、野性等情感不高兴，故选A。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第一段The company that desires to be competitive in the future cannot deprive itself of the strengths associated with what we would like to call “economies of soul”. Scale and skill economies will still matter.可知如果一个公司想要在竞争中成功，应该考虑soul economy、scale economy和skill economy，故选D。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在第一段But as Professor Manfred Kets de Vries at INSEAD (欧洲商学院) puts it, unless the resources that make people mad, sad, and glad, can be put to good use, knowledge is not used, it is abused. This is one of the main reasons why so many executives admit that as little as 10-15 percent of the intellectual capital at their companies is used properly.（但正如欧洲工商管理学院教授曼弗雷德•凯茨•德•弗里斯所说的那样,除非资源,使人疯狂,伤心,高兴,可以好好利用,知识没有被使用，这是滥用。这也是为什么许多高管承认，他们公司仅有10%至15%的智力资本得到了合理利用的主要原因之一。）由此推断出知识资本没有得到很好地利用是因为员工的情感经常被忽略，故选B。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在第一段Henry Ford once said: “Why is it that I always get a whole person, when what I really want is just a pair of hands?” Today, we need whole persons — head and heart, body and soul. Feelings and fantasy go hand in hand. Without soul, there can be only limited skill.（亨利·福特曾经说过:“为什么我总是得到一个完整的人，而我真正想要的只是一双手?”今天，我们需要完整的人——头脑和心灵，身体和灵魂。感情和幻想是密切相关的。没有灵魂，就只有有限的技能。）由此推断出，当谈到员工时，人们认为员工的技能和情感都很重要，故选C。
【55题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第二段In the future, your company will win by appealing to the feelings and fantasies of the customer.（在未来，你的公司将通过迎合顾客的感受和幻想而获胜。）可知公司要考虑顾客的情感才能取胜，故选D。
第Ⅱ卷(35分)
第三部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下列短文，按照要求用英文回答问题。
Growing up in Arizona’s rodeo (竞技) country, I was familiar with the events that come with traveling rodeos: bull riding, dressing and mutton busting. Mutton busting is like bull riding, but instead of bulls, they use sheep. And in place of the men, it’s children between six and ten years old who try to hang on for eight seconds.
It took me all of five minutes to say yes to the idea of riding a sheep. Being seven years old, my decision- making ability was pretty limited. I figured I could ride a sheep as well as the next kid. Little did I know that I was in for a world of pain and embarrassment.
My nerves were shaking the day of the rodeo. I hated being in front of crowds. I didn’t like getting dirty; I didn’t even like sheep, which I thought of as just dirty and smelly. Yet there I was, getting ready to ride one for eight seconds in front of hundreds of people. I wanted to run out of the field and hide in the hot car until it was over. But by the time this idea occurred to me, it was too late. I was lifted away from my mother by a rodeo trainer and placed onto a platform.
My feet went into the narrow pen (羊圈) first. I felt my shoes touch the dirty floor of the pen. Once I was balanced on the top of the sheep, the trainer let go and told me to lean forward. I did as he said. I could feel the animal’s heart beating faster than mine. I realized that the poor sheep was even more frightened than I was.
Then the gate opened, and I quickly discovered that my hold was too weak. Within three seconds I had fallen off the sheep, and found myself face-down on the sun-baked earth. The sheep thought this was its time to take revenge (复仇), and attacked me from behind. There I lay, hat down, covered in dirt, with tears streaming down my face. I looked behind me to see my mother running to comfort me. “Stand up and show them you’re okay,” she told me as she wiped the dirty tears from my face. I stood up, dirty and upset, waved my little hand, and walked out with my mother.
Sadly, I didn’t win anything, not even the respect of these rodeo animals. I did find a new admiration for those little balls of wool, though.
56. Who is mutton busting intended for? (no more than 5 words)
________________
57. Why did the author decide to take part in the competition? (no more than 10 words)
________________
58. What does this idea refer to? (no more than 15 words)
________________
59. What does Paragraph 5 talk about? (no more than 10 words)
________________
60. Is it very important to win a competition? Why? (no more than 25 words)
________________
【答案】56. It’s for 6-to-10-year-old children.
OR: Children aged 6 to 10
57. Because he thought he could do well
OR: Because he thought he could do as well as other kids.
58. The author wanted to run away and hide himself until the competition was over.
OR: The author wanted to give up taking part in the competition.
OR: The author wanted to drop out of the competition.
59. It talks about the author’s performance in the sheep riding.
OR: How the author failed in the sheep riding.
60. One possible answer: No. Because the process of the competition is more important.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者参加骑羊比赛的一次经历。虽然作者比赛失败了，但却有所收获。
【56题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Mutton busting is like bull riding, but instead of bulls, they use sheep. And in place of the men, it’s children between six and ten years old who try to hang on for eight seconds.(骑羊就像骑公牛，但他们用绵羊代替公牛。取而代之的是六到十岁的孩子他们试图坚持八秒钟。)”可知，骑羊比赛（mutton busting）主要为六到十岁的孩子准备的，故答案为It’s for 6-to-10-year-old children. OR: Children aged 6 to 10.
【57题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中“It took me all of five minutes to say yes to the idea of riding a sheep...I figured I could ride a sheep as well as the next kid.(我花了五分钟才同意骑羊。我想我可以像其他孩子一样骑羊。)”可知，作者同意参加这个比赛，是因为他认为自己会像其他孩子一样骑羊，即认为自己会表现得好，故答案为Because he thought he could do well. OR: Because he thought he could do as well as other kids.
【58题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据划线单词上文“I wanted to run out of the field and hide in the hot car until it was over.(我想跑出战场，躲在车里，直到一切结束。)”可推知，“this idea(这个主意)”指的是作者想要跑出战场，躲在车里，直到比赛结束，即他想要放弃/退出比赛。故答案为The author wanted to run away and hide himself until the competition was over. OR: The author wanted to give up taking part in the competition. OR: The author wanted to drop out of the competition.
【59题详解】
考查主旨大意。根据第五段中“Then the gate opened, and I quickly discovered that my hold was too weak. Within three seconds I had fallen off the sheep, and found myself face-down on the sun-baked earth. The sheep thought this was its time to take revenge (复仇), and attacked me from behind. There I lay, hat down, covered in dirt, with tears streaming down my face. I looked behind me to see my mother running to comfort me.(然后大门打开了，我很快发现我的支撑力太弱了。不到三秒钟，我就从羊身上摔了下来，发现自己脸朝下躺在被太阳烤焦的土地上。羊认为这是它报复我的时候到了，于是从背后袭击我。我躺在那里，帽子脱落，浑身是泥，泪水顺着脸颊流下来。我回头看见妈妈跑过来安慰我。)”可知，第五段主要讲述了作者在骑羊比赛中的表现，即作者是如何在骑羊中失败的，故答案为It talks about the author’s performance in the sheep riding. OR: How the author failed in the sheep riding.
【60题详解】
开放题，言之有理即可。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Sadly, I didn’t win anything, not even the respect of these rodeo animals. I did find a new admiration for those little balls of wool, though.(可悲的是，我什么也没赢，甚至没有得到这些竞技动物的尊重。不过我倒是对那些小毛球有了新的敬佩之情。)”可知，作者参加骑羊比赛虽然失败了，但是作者却有所收获，由此可以得出的一个答案是：赢得比赛不是很重要，因为参加比赛的过程更重要，故答案为No. Because the process of the competition is more important.
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
61. 假设你叫李津，你的英国朋友Jason所在的学校要组织来中国进行主题夏令营活动，每个学生可以从以下三个主题营中选择一个参加：1. 唐诗学习夏令营；2. 乒乓球训练营；3. 剪纸学习夏令营。Jason来信希望你能给他推荐一个。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.对 Jason的来访表示欢迎；
2.你推荐的课程及推荐理由；
3.对这次学访提一些生活方面的建议。
注意：1.词数不少于 100词；
2.可以适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯；
3.文章的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：唐诗(Tang poems)；剪纸(paper-cutting)
Dear Jason,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Jin
【答案】Dear Jason,
I am glad that you are going to join in summer camps in China. Of the three themes, I suggest that you should choose to learn to play table tennis. My reasons are as follows.
In the beginning, it is easy to learn table tennis. Table tennis can help you build up your strength and make you become more energetic. Besides, table tennis is popular among Chinese people. By participating in this table tennis training class, not only can you make some friends with the same interest but also you can get some professional guidance and improve your skills. By the way, you can visit some tourist attractions in your free time to experience local conditions and customs.
I hope you will enjoy your summer camp. I am looking forward to meeting you in China.
Yours,
Li Jin
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给要来中国参加主题夏令营活动的英国朋友Jason写信，向他推荐三个主题营中的一个活动，内容包括：1.对 Jason的来访表示欢迎；2.你推荐的课程及推荐理由；3.对这次学访提一些生活方面的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
参加：join in→take part in
此外：besides→what’s more
游玩：visit→pay a visit to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Table tennis can help you build up your strength and make you become more energetic.
拓展句：Table tennis is a good sport, which can help you build up your strength and make you become more energetic.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Of the three themes, I suggest that you should choose to learn to play table tennis. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】By participating in this table tennis training class, not only can you make some friends with the same interest but also you can get some professional guidance and improve your skills. (运用了部分倒装结构)
第Ⅲ卷(20分)
第四部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)
第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A, B, C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。每段对话仅读一遍。
62. What will the speakers do next?
A. Check the map. B. Leave the restaurant. C. Park the car.
63. Where are the speakers?
A. At a bus stop. B. At home. C. At the airport.
64. What did the speakers do last week?
A. They had a celebration dinner.
B. They went to see a newborn baby.
C. They sent a mail to their neighbors.
65. Why does the man make the phone call?
A. To cancel a weekend trip.
B. To make an appointment.
C. To get some information.
66. What does the man probably want to do?
A. Do some exercise. B. Get an extra key. C. Order room service.
第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A, B, C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第67, 68题。
67. Why does the woman come to the man?
A. To ask for permission. B. To extend an invitation. C. To express thanks.
68. When are the students going to the museum?
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
听第7段材料，回答第69至71题。
69. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Buying groceries. B. Choosing gifts. C. Seeing friends.
70. Who is Clara?
A. The man’s wife. B. The man’s sister. C. The man’s daughter.
71. How much did the man spend on the city passes?
A. $36. B. $50. C. $150.
听第 8段材料，回答第 72至 74题。
72. Why did Tracy bring dogs to the children?
A. To teach them to love animals.
B. To help them gain confidence.
C. To protect them from dangers.
73. What is Kevin’s concern about the dog?
A. They may misbehave. B. They may get hurt. C. They may carry diseases.
74. What will Helen do tomorrow morning?
A. Give a talk. B. Meet the children. C. Take some photos.
听第 9段材料，回答第 75至 78题。
75. What is the man doing?
A. Attending a lecture. B. Hosting a workshop. C. Conducting an interview.
76. Why is Emily doing unpaid work in the new season of the show?
A. To follow the latest trend.
B. To help raise the crew’s pay.
C. To support the post-production.
77. What enables Emily to try different things in her field?
A. Her college education. B. Her teaching experience. C. Her family tradition.
78. What does Emily think of her work at the Film Centre?
A. Boring. B. Rewarding. C. Demanding
听第 10段材料，回答第 79至 81题。
79. Who is the speaker talking to?
A. Sports club members. B. International tourists. C. University students.
80. Where dd Emma work for a rugby team?
A. In Manchester. B. In Dublin. C. In Vancouver
81. What can be a challenge to Emma’s work?
A. Competition in the health care industry.
B. Discrimination gains female scientists.
C. Influence of misinformation on the public.
听力答案：CBBCA ABBCC BAACC ABABC
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