中考英语二轮专题复习 阅读理解 说明文四（含答案）

这是一份中考英语二轮专题复习 阅读理解 说明文四（含答案），共9页。
一、阅读理解（共5题）1、 For years, it has been said that newspapers are at death’s door. Each of the past few years has seen many newspapers say goodbye to their readers. But why is the situation so terrible for newspapers? Newspapers have a long history. The first newspaper was printed in the 1600s. The industry experienced its most successful time in the early 20th century. With the appearance of radio and TV, however, newspaper circulation （发行量） began to fall. By the mid-20 century, radio and TV had become so popular that people no longer had to depend on newspapers for news. This was especially true for the latest news. Afternoon newspapers were the first to suffer. More and more people coming home from work turned on the TV, instead of opening a newspaper. But generally, newspapers still managed to survive （生存） . Although they couldn’t compete with TV in spreading the latest news, they could provide in-depth reports that TV news could not. But newspapers suffered another heavier blow in the 1990s. With the appearance of the Internet, lots of information became free. Many newspaper readers realized that they could conveniently read news online for free. There seemed to be little reason any longer for them to pay for a newspaper. So what will the future of newspapers be like? Will newspapers die? Maybe not. Many newspapers are now changing. Some are going digital （数字化的） . Some are going even farther by taking the industry to places it has never been to. After all, people still want the news. And many agree that newspapers are important for in-depth news and opinions. If newspapers were to completely disappear, there would be nothing to take their place. 23 ． When was the first newspaper printed? A ． In the 1600s. B ． In the 1900s. C ． In the early 20th century. D ． In the mid-20th century. 24 ． How did newspapers manage to survive against competition from TV? A ． By going digital. B ． By working with TV. C ． By including more pictures. D ． By focusing on in-depth reports. 25 ． Newspapers suffered again in the 1990s because ________. A ． people lost interest in reading news B ． newspapers became more expensive C ． TV started to focus on in-depth news D ． people could read news online for free 26 ． Which of the following would the writer most likely agree with? A ． The future of newspapers is hopeless. B ． The future of newspapers is still uncertain. C ． Many newspapers will die in the near future. D ． Afternoon newspapers will become popular again. 2、 Babies will naturally share food with hungry strangers, even when they’re hungry themselves, according to a new study published in Scientific Reports. In the study, the researchers first did an experiment on 19-month-olds. The time was about 75 minutes after their last snack or meal. In the experiment, an unfamiliar adult reached for pieces of fresh fruit that had been placed on a dish in front of a child, and the child could choose to either share the fruit with the adult or keep the fruit and eat it himself/herself. Almost 60% of the children shared at least one piece of fruit with the adult. In a follow-up experiment, the researchers had the children’s parents bring them in just before their next scheduled snack or meal, so on average, it had been more than 130 minutes since they last ate. The researchers wanted to know whether these children, who were hungry themselves, would still share food with someone in need. The results showed that almost 40% of the children were willing to share at least one piece of fruit with the adult who reached for the food. Some other experiment results also showed that children as young as one year old liked to help others in need, even when they themselves wanted to get something. 26 ． Where can we read the new study? A ． In a children’s book. B ． In Scientific Reports. C ． In the food magazine. D ． In a popular newspaper. 27 ． Whom did the researchers do the first experiment on? A ． Some adults. B ． 19-month babies. C ． Children’s parents. D ． Many strangers. 28 ． What does the underlined word “scheduled” most probably mean? A ． Left the day before. B ． Overcooked. C ． Planned ahead of time. D ． Home-made. 29 ． What can we know from the third and fourth paragraphs? A ． The babies ate things very slowly. B ． The babies didn’t like snacks or meals. C ． Though young, the babies shared food with parents. D ． Though hungry, the babies were still willing to share. 30 ． Why did the researchers carry out the experiments? A ． To show babies like to share naturally. B ． To know how much children can eat. C ． To teach children how to help others. D ． To advise adults to look after babies. 3、 What is a tsunami （海啸） ? Tsunamis are often caused by earthquakes or volcanoes （火山） . The average speed （平均速度） of the waves （波浪） is 300 mph and the waves can last from five minutes to an hour. What to do in a tsunami? Firstly, when a strong earthquake is felt, leave the water at once, get to the shore （海岸） and go as far away as you can from the beach fast. If it allows, go to a higher ground. Secondly, turn on the TV for news and weather report. They will tell you more about the tsunami. Thirdly, get all members of your family together and let everyone know the tsunami is coming. Choose a place to stay together. Make sure the place is safe and as far away from the shore as possible. Bring emergency supplies （应急用品） when you have to leave your house. At last, if you find a huge wave is coming, climb onto the roof of your house or on the highest point of the nearest building. Hold on to anything that’s strong enough. Climb a tree if you have to. For a tsunami, the only way to survive （幸免于） it is to be prepared. 31 ． When a tsunami comes, the waves will ________. A ． go as quickly as 300 mph B ． become stronger before the earthquake C ． cause heavy rain D ． last shorter and shorter 32 ． How many suggestions are mentioned in this passage? A ． Two. B ． Three. C ． Four. D ． Five. 33 ． When a tsunami is coming, your family had better ________. A ． go to the beach together B ． stay in a safe place together C ． stay in your house D ． put emergency supplies on a lower ground 34 ． We should do the following when a tsunami is coming EXCEPT ________. A ． listening to the weather report B ． going to a low place to keep safe C ． getting emergency supplies ready D ． leaving the water as far away as you can 35 ． What’s the best title of the passage? A ． How to keep safe in the water B ． What a tsunami is C ． What to do after a tsunami D ． How to survive a tsunami 4、 Most of us are used to using jet hand dryers ( 喷射式干手器 ) in public restrooms. They’re surely very convenient—all we need to do is to hold up our hands for a few seconds until they’re dry. And more importantly, they’re supposed to be hygienic ( 卫生的 ). However, a new study published in the journal Hospital Infection found that jet hand dryers actually spread more dangerous bacteria ( 细菌 ) than paper towels. In the study, two restrooms in each of three different hospitals in the UK, France and Italy were required to provide both jet air dryers and paper towels for people to use. But on certain days, only either the hand dryer or the paper towel dispenser ( 自动出纸机 ) was available to use. The scientists found that when only the hand dryer was available, the amount of bacteria in the restrooms was 27 times higher than on other days. According to study leader Mark Wilcox, an expert in medical microbiology ( 微生物学 ) at Leeds University, UK, air dryers spread harmful bacteria all over the room. This means that if people use these dryers, they’re more likely to pick up bacteria. At the same time, however, this raises the question of why these bacteria exist in the first place if people are washing their hands after using the restroom. “The problem starts because some people do not wash their hands properly,” Wilcox told The Telegraph. In other words, poor hand-washing leads to a large amount of bacteria being left on your hands. 39 ． What did the new study find according to the passage? A ． Using jet hand dryers was very convenient. B ． Jet hand dryers were supposed to be hygienic. C ． Jet hand dryers actually spread more dangerous bacteria than paper towels. D ． Hospitals were required to provide both jet air dryers and paper towels for people to use. 40 ． How can we stop bacteria according to the last paragraph? A ． By using paper towels. B ． By only using jet hand dryers. C ． By not using public restrooms. D ． By washing our hands properly. 41 ． What can we learn from the passage? A ． Washing hands can protect you from danger. B ． Modern technology may cause more problems. C ． It’s common to pick up bacteria in public places. D ． Scientists will find a way to improve hand dryers. 5、 Do you know anyone born in the Year of the Tiger? What’s their personality like? Are they brave, strong and determined? If so, then they are a typical “tiger”. In Chinese culture, tigers are seen as the king of all animals. They stand for power, energy and protection. Tigers are seen as fearless animals, so that’s why in China you can see pictures of tigers on the walls of houses and temples to ward off ( 抵御 ) danger and disasters. Tigers have an important cultural meaning not just in China, but across Asia where they live in the wild. For example, in South Korea, the animal is a symbol of justice, humanity and righteousness in local folk tales. Both the 1986 Seoul Asian Games and the 1988 Seoul Summer Olympics used Hodori, a friendly cartoon tiger, as the mascot. A tiger is also on the logo of the South Korea national soccer team. In the West, tigers are also seen as powerful animals. And we often use “tiger” in English. If we say someone “works like a tiger”, we mean he or she works hard. If you want someone to calm down, you can say to them “easy, tiger”. Another famous phrase is “eye of the tiger”, which means having strength. There are also some other phrases about tigers, such as “a tiger can’t change its stripes”, “paper tiger” and “have a tiger by the tail”. 31 ． What’s a typical “tiger” like according to the passage? A ． Smart and brave. B ． Brave and strong. C ． Strong and outgoing. D ． Determined and friendly. 32 ． Why can people see pictures of tigers on the walls of houses and temples in China? A ． Because tigers live in the wild in Asia. B ． Because tigers are used in English phrases. C ． Because tigers are regarded as fearless animals. D ． Because tigers are used as the mascots both in the Asian Games and in the Olympics. 33 ． If we want someone to calm down, we can use “_________”. A ． easy, tiger B ． work like a tiger C ． eye of the tiger D ． a tiger can’t change its stripes 34 ． What’s the best title of the passage? A ． Tigers in different cultures B ． Tigers in different phrases C ． Tigers—the king of all animals D ． Tigers—the cultural symbol in China  ============参考答案============一、阅读理解1、 A 24 ． D 25 ． D 26 ． B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了报纸的历史、兴衰、以及未来趋势。 23 ．细节理解题。根据 “The first newspaper was printed in the 1600s.” 可知，第一份报纸印刷于 17 世纪。故选 A 。 24 ．细节理解题。根据 “Although they couldn’t compete with TV in spreading the latest news, they could provide in-depth reports that TV news could not.” 可知，报纸能在电视的竞争中生存下来是因为它们可以提供电视新闻无法提供的深度报道。 故选 D 。 25 ．细节理解题。根据 “With the appearance of the Internet, lots of information became free. Many newspaper readers realized that they could conveniently read news online for free. There seemed to be little reason any longer for them to pay for a newspaper.” 可知， 20 世纪 90 年代，报纸再次受挫，是因为人们可以免费在线阅读新闻，所以人们似乎再也没有理由为报纸付费了。故选 D 。 26 ．推理判断题。根据 “So what will the future of newspapers be like? Will newspapers die? Maybe not.” 可知，作者认为报纸的未来是不确定的，故选 B 。 2、 B 27 ． B 28 ． C 29 ． D 30 ． A 【导语】本文介绍了婴儿会与饥饿的陌生人分享食物，即使他们自己也饿了的相关科学研究情况。 26 ．推理判断题。根据 “Babies will naturally share food with hungry strangers, even when they’re hungry themselves, according to a new study published in Scientific Reports.” 可知，这是一份科学报道，故选 B 。 27 ．细节理解题。根据 “In the study, the researchers first did an experiment on 19-month-olds.” 可知，研究中，研究人员首先对 19 个月大的婴儿进行了实验，故选 B 。 28 ．词义猜测题。根据 “In a follow-up experiment, the researchers had the children’s parents bring them in just before their next scheduled snack or meal” 可知，研究人员让孩子的父母在他们下一顿零食或正餐之前把他们带进来，此处的单词 “scheduled” 指的是 “ 提前计划的 ” ，故选 C 。 29 ．段落大意题。根据 “The researchers wanted to know whether these children, who were hungry themselves, would still share food with someone in need.” 以及 “The results showed that almost 40% of the children were willing to share at least one piece of fruit...even when they themselves wanted to get something.” 可知，三四两段主要是阐述虽然婴儿们饿了，但是他们还是愿意分享，故选 D 。 30 ．主旨大意题。根据 “Babies will naturally share food with hungry strangers, even when they’re hungry themselves, according to a new study published in Scientific Reports.” 可知，研究人员进行这些实验主要是为了展示婴儿喜欢自然地分享，故选 A 。 3、 A 32 ． C 33 ． B 34 ． B 35 ． D 【导语】本文讲述海啸来临时，人们怎样应对海啸的四点建议。 31 ．细节理解题。根据第一段 “The average speed of the waves is 300 mph” ，可知海啸来的时候波浪的平均速度可以达到每小时 300 英里。故选 A 。 32 ．推理判断题。根据 “Firstly” ， “Secondly” ， “Thirdly” 及 “At last” ，可知，文章主要讲述了四点建议。故选 C 。 33 ．细节理解题。根据第五段 “Thirdly, get all members of your family together and let everyone know the tsunami is coming. Choose a place to stay together. Make sure the place is safe and as far away from the shore as possible” ，可知当海啸来临，家人最好在一个安全的地方待在一起。故选 B 。 34 ．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 “climb onto the roof of your house or on the highest point of the nearest building. Hold on to anything that’s strong enough. Climb a tree if you have to” ，可知，爬到房子的屋顶或者最近的建筑楼的最高点，爬到树上，可知 B 选项 “ 去一个低处保证安全 ” 表述错误。故选 B 。 35 ．标题概括题。根据第二段 “What to do in a tsunami” ，可知，文章讲述海啸的时候人们应该做些什么，可概括为 “How to survive a tsunami” 。故选 D 。 4、 C 40 ． D 41 ． B 【导语】本文介绍了在公共卫生间使用喷射式干手器传播更多的危险细菌，这主要原因是人们在上完厕所后不正确的洗手方式导致大量的危险细菌留在人们的手上所致。 39 ．细节理解题。根据 “The scientists found that when only the hand dryer was available, the amount of bacteria in the restrooms was 27 times higher than on other days.” 可知，科学家们发现，当只有烘干机可用时，厕所里的细菌数量是其他日子的 27 倍。由此推知，喷气式烘手机实际上比纸巾传播更多危险的细菌，故选 C 。 40 ．推理判断题。根据 “In other words, poor hand-washing leads to a large amount of bacteria being left on your hands.” 可知，洗手不当会导致大量细菌留在手上，所以作者建议正确洗手，故选 D 。 41 ．推理判断题。根据 “The scientists found that when only the hand dryer was available, the amount of bacteria in the restrooms was 27 times higher than on other days.” 可知，烘干机比纸巾传播更危险的细菌，由此推知，现代技术可能会引起更多的问题。故选 B 。 5、 B 32 ． C 33 ． A 34 ． A 【导语】本文主要介绍了老虎在中国以及其它国家的意义。 31 ．细节理解题。根据 “Are they brave, strong and determined? If so, then they are a typical “tiger”.” 可知，典型的 “ 老虎 ” 是勇敢、强壮、有决心的。故选 B 。 32 ．细节理解题。根据 “Tigers are seen as fearless animals, so that’s why in China you can see pictures of tigers on the walls of houses and temples to ward off ( 抵御 ) danger and disasters.” 可知，老虎被视为无所畏惧的动物，这就是为什么在中国，你可以在房屋和寺庙的墙上看到老虎的图片，以抵御危险和灾难。故选 C 。 33 ．细节理解题。根据 “If you want someone to calm down, you can say to them “easy, tiger”.” 可知，如果你想让某人冷静下来，你可以对他们说 “easy, tiger” 。故选 A 。 34 ．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了老虎在中国以及其它国家的意义，选项 A“ 不同文化中的老虎 ” 符合主题，故选 A 。