备战2023英语新中考二轮复习考点精讲精练（北京专用）突破 14 状语从句

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 一、考点总结考点一、目的和结果状语从句目的状语从句  引导词有so that, in order that等。如：    We used the computer in order that we might save time.     我们使用电脑是为了节省时间。结果状语从句引导词有so…that/such...that等。如：    He worked so hard that he made great progress. 他学习这么努力, 以至取得了巨大进步。    She is such a kind girl that she is always ready to help others.     她是这么善良的女孩, 总是乐于帮助他人。【注意】除结果状语从句外,too...to.…，… enough to.…，so…as to…，such...as to...等不定式结构同样可以表示结果。He got up too late to catch the first train.=He didn't get up early enough to catch the first train.=He got up so late as to miss the first train.他起得太晚了以至于没赶上第一班火车。结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的从属连词有so...that...如此…...以致于......   so that以致于      such that以致于      such...that...如此…以致于…so....that...与 such... that...引导结果状语从句的结构 形式为:（1）so+形容词/副词+that从句（2）so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句（3）so+many/much/few/ little((少)+名词+that从句（4）such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句（5）such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句He is so experienced a worker that we all believe in him.=He is such an experienced worker that we all believe in him.他是一位很有经验的工人,我们都信任他。He had so little education that he was unfit for the job.他所受的教育很少,不适合做这份工作。【注意】除结果状语从句外,too...to.…，… enough to.…，so…as to…，such...as to...等不定式结构同样可以表示结果。He got up too late to catch the first train.=He didn't get up early enough to catch the first train.=He got up so late as to miss the first train.他起得太晚了以至于没赶上第一班火车。考点二、时间状语从句1.when, while和as引导的时间状语从句（1） when当…时，只表示一般的时间关系，既可以指时间的一点，也可指一段时间。用when 时，从句的动作可与主句的动作同时发生，也可先于主句的动作。He was playing basketball when I saw him .（2） while当…时，只能指一段时间，而不能指时间的一点。用while时，从句的动作或者与主句动作同时发生，或者主句的动作是在从句的动作的进展中发生的。因此，从句中的谓语必须是表延续性动词。Please do not trouble me while I am writing my homework .（3）as当……时；随着，常与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生。As he grew older, he became less active.    随着他逐渐长大,他变得不那么活泼了。【注意】如果主句是非延续性动作，而从句用延续性动词，则when, while与as可互換使用。When/While/As I was walking down the street. I came across an old friend.我正沿着大待走时,碰巧遇到了我的一个老朋友。2.表示“一.......就……”含义的词或短语引导的时间状语从句。有的名词短语或副词可作连词引导时间状语从句,如:the moment, the minute, 另外as soon as也可引导时间状语从句。The boy ran off the minute he saw the owner of the orchard.那个男孩一看到果园的主人就胞开了。I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing tomorrow .明天我一到北京就打电话给你。3.till ,until和not ...until/till...的用法until, till两者均表示“直到......为止”，引导时间状语从句。在肯定句中，主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词，表示某动作一直持续到某时间为止。not... until...，not...till...两者均表示“直到…...才......”, not所在的主句中谓语动词必须为非延续性动词，表示某动作直到某时间才开始。 until可位于句首，而till不能。The father waited till his daughter had finished her homework.  那位父亲一直等到他的女儿做完作业。The baby didn’t go to bed until his mother returned. 这个孩子直到他的妈妈回来才睡觉。4. after和 before引导的时间状语从句after表示“在...之后”， before表示“在…之前；He changed his name after he left his hometown.The class had been over before I got to the school .没等我把话说完,福尔摩斯已经急匆匆离去,直奔车站了。【特别注意】 “ It will be/was+时间段+ before从句”表示在…之前还要多久/过了多久オ....... It will be half a year before I graduate.   半年后我才毕业。 “ It won't be/wasn't+时间段+ before从句” 表示“过不了多久就………；没过多久就……”。It wasn't long before we started.   没过多久我们就动身了。5.since引导的时间状语从句since意为“自从…以来”，从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词，主句的谓语动词一般是延续性动词。 since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时。They have been friends since they met for the first time in London.自从在伦敦第一次见面以来,他们一直是朋友。【特别注意】“It is/ has been+时间段+ since从句(常用一般过去时)”句型的含义取决于从句的谓语动词是否为延续性动词。若从句谓语动词为延续性动词，则表示从该动作开始一直延续到现在多久；若从句谓语动词为非延续性动词，则表示从该动作结東到现在已经有多久了。It is three years since the war ended.   战争已经结束三年了It is three years since he lived here    他住在这里已经有三年了。6.其他常见名词短语引导的时间状语从句这类名词短语有：every time每次   each time每次   any time任何时候   next time下次    all the time(在某段时间内)一直the first/ last time第一次/最后一次  the day/year那天/年Every time I meet her, I always forget her name.     每次我见到她时,我总记不起她的名字。The first time I met her, I thought her nice and honest.     我第一次见她时,就觉得她友好又诚实。时间状语从句的时态：一般来说时间状语从句的主句与从句的时态前后要一致。如果时间状语从句主句谓语动词用一般将来时，从句谓语动词常用一般现在时表示将来时间。如：I will call you as soon as I arrive there. 我一到达那儿就给你打电话。Mozart started writing music when he was four years old. (当)莫扎特四岁的时候，开始写音乐作品。考点三、地点和原因状语从句地点状语从句是由where(哪里/儿)；wherever(无论何地)；anywhere(无论何处)；everywhere(到处)等从属连词引导的状语从句。如：Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。(谚语)Wherever there is smoke, there is fire. 无风不起浪。(谚语)Wherever you go, I go too. 无论你到什么地方，我都去。(wherever=no matter where)无论何处，多用于句首。It will be mixed school where not all the children are disabled.它将是一所混合式学校，那里的儿童并不都是残疾。原因状语从句Point  引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because因为   as由于   since因为;既然   I don't get lonely now because I make the effort to make friends with people.我现在不觉得孤独了,因为我尝试着与人交往。As it is fine, we shall go out for a walk.   因为天气不错，我们将外出散步。Since you are free today ,you had better help me with my maths .既然你今天有空，你最好帮我补习数学。【知识拓展】除了状语从句外,一些介词短语同样可以表示原因,此类短语有; because of, thanks to, as a result 等。Because of the weather, we had to put off the sports meeting.  由于天气原因,我们不得不推迟运动会。考点四、条件和方式状语从句1. 条件状语从句 引导条件状语从句的从属连词有：if如果     unless除非  as long as只要   三个词用法一样，意义一样。Unless you study , you will fail . 如果你不学习，你会失败的。If you don’t study , you will fail .As long as you do not study , you will fail .【注意】在条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表将来含义If it snows tomorrow, we will make a snowman. 如果明天下雪,我们就堆雪人。2.方式状语从句as if或 as though引导方式状语从句，好像；如同......一样。从句内容与事实相符或有很大可能成为事实时。They treat her as though she were their daughter.    他们待她如亲生女儿一样。Look at the dark clouds! It looks as if it is going to rain.   看那些乌云!看起来好像要下雨了。考点五、让步和比较状语从句让步状语从句（1）是由though/although（虽然，尽管）；even if/though（虽然，尽管，即使）；whoever=no matter who（无论谁）；however=no matter how（无论怎样）；whatever=no matter what（无论什么）；whenever=no matter when（无论何时）；wherever=no matter where（无论何地）；whichever=no matter which（无论哪一个）；as(“虽然”用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)；while (“虽然；然而”一般用在句首)等从属连词引导的状语从句。如： He won’t listen whatever you may say. 无论你说什么他都不听。Child as he is, he knows a lot of things. 他虽然是个孩子，却知道很多事情。He went on working though it was very late. 虽然很晚了，他还在继续工作。Though/Although he tried hard, he was not successful. 他虽然努力尝试，但没有成功。No matter how hard the work was, he never gave it up. 不管工作多么艰难，他都从不放弃。The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough. 即使天气很恶劣，那个老人总是喜欢游泳。（2）though, although 和 but不能同时使用。但是 though, although 和yet (still)可连用。Although he is rich, yet he is not happy. 虽然他很富有，然而他并不快乐。It’s not cheap, but it’s very good.=Though it’s not cheap, it’s very good. 这东西不便宜但是质量很好。Although we have grown up, our parents still treat us as children. 尽管我们已长大，可我们的父母仍把我们看作小孩。考点六、状语从句与主句的时态问题时间状语从句、条件状语从句与主句的时态不一致。（主句用将来时，而时间、条件状语从句用一般现在时）If it don’t rain  tomorrow ,we will go to climb the hill .He will become a soldier when he grows up .since引导的时间状语从句。 It is/ has been + 时间+ since + 一般过去时  It is/has been ten years since we left that city .由when、while引导的时间状语从句的时态：主句（过去进行时）+when +从句（一般过去时）主句（一般过去时）+when +从句（过去进行时）主句（一般过去时）+while +从句（过去进行时）主句（过去进行时）+while +从句（过去进行时）注意：看动词为短暂性动词用一般过去时，动词为延续性动词则用过去进行时。Mother was cooking supper when I got home yesterday.Last Sunday I met Lin Hong when I was walking in the street .While Han Meimei was sweeping the floor , Lucy was carrying water.When the students were having a meeting, the teacher came in .由when、after、before、by the time引导的时间状语从句的时态：主、从句的谓语动作都以完成，则先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的动作用一般过去时。When they got to the cinema last light , the film had started.I had gone out with my friends after I finished all the homework last night .二、考点突破1．You won’t find paper cutting difficult ________ you keep practicing it.A．even though B．as long as C．as if D．ever since2．The Greens moved to the countryside last year _______ their kids could have fun playing on the farm.A．so that B．even though C．because3．—Mrs. Doreen, when shall I show my short video called “Chinese Celebration tor New Year”?—As soon as it ________ tomorrow.A．finished B．will finish C．will be finished D．is finished4．Labour education is necessary for students’ development. However, ________ school put it into practice, students will never realize its importance.A．although B．if C．unless D．while5．—Have you finished your project?—Not yet. I’ll finish it if I ________ ten more minutes.A．give B．am givenC．will give D．will be given6．As a Grade 9 student, we should make full use of every bit of time _______ we can find more time to deal with the subject we are not good at.A．as soon as B．so that C．although D．unless7．—Why do you like your pet dog so much?—He is so loyal to me that he will go ________ I go.A．whatever B．wherever C．however D．whichever8．My brother John got ________ little education ________ he could hardly be offered a well-paid job.A．such...; that B．such a...; that C．so...; that D．so a...; that9．You will achieve great success, ________ you have a dream and believe in it.A．unless B．although C．until D．if10．I won’t believe the little boy can read so many words ________ I have tested him myself.A．after B．because C．unless D．when11．— What do you think of the film The Battle at Lake Changjin Ⅱ (《长津湖之水门桥》)?— Wonderful! I think it is ________ a meaningful film that ________ many people like watching it.A．so; so B．so; such C．such; such D．such; so12．It’s already seven forty. You will miss the train at eight ________ you take a taxi.A．now that B．even if C．so that D．as soon as13．— This year, many people stayed in the city where they worked to celebrate the Spring Festival.— ________ they didn’t get back to their hometowns, they had a meaningful new year.A．Though B．While C．Since D．If14．The organizer decided to cancel the concert ________ the virus was spreading fast.A．if B．until C．although D．because15．_________ it was snowing, little Tony still put on his coat and went out to play.A．Because B．Although C．Unless16．—Excuse me, sir. When can we have a swim in the pool?—________ it ________ next month.A．Until ; is repaired B．Not until ; will repairC．Not until ; will be repaired D．Not until ; is repaired17．______ all the Chinese people work hard together, success will knock on our door soon.A．As many as B．As soon as C．As long as18．Many doctors and nurses still rushed to the frontline ________ they were afraid of catching the virus.A．although B．since C．if D．until19．Which of the following is right?A．What does the weather like tomorrow?B．Since you are all here, let’s begin our discussion.C．My bike is the same like my brother.D．We should use both side of the paper to protect the environment.20．Please put the waste in the special box ________ it can be recycled!