备战2023英语新中考二轮复习考点精讲精练（广东专用）突破 06 形容词副词比较等级

一、考点总结

                          原级的判定方法：as+形容词/副词原级+as   

或very/too/so/quite+形容词/副词原级

形容词副词的比较等级      比较等级的判定方法：比较级+than或much/even+比较级

                          最高级的判定方法：句末有in/of/among+范围

或one of +the+最高级+n.复数句型

考点一、形容词，副词的比较级、最高级

1. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则

（1）规则变化

①　一般在词尾直接加er或est。如：tall-taller-tallest; long-longer-longest; soon-sooner-soonest; hard-harder-hardest等。

②　以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st。如：nice-nicer-nicest, late-later-latest等。

③　以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est。如：heavy-heavier-heaviest; early-earlier-earliest等。

④　重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est。如：big-bigger-biggest等。

【注意】大，红，湿，热，悲，瘦，胖；双写末辅再变级。（big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat）

⑤　部分双音节词和多音节词，分别是在原级前加more构成比较级和在原级前加most构成最高级。如：

often-more often-most often; beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful等。

【注意】表示否定意义的比较级和最高级可以在其前加less /least。如：important-less important-least important等。

English is more interesting than Chinese =Chinese is less interesting than English.

⑥　 由“形容词+ly”构成的副词，分别是在原级前加more构成比较级和在原级前加most构成最高级。如：

slowly-more slowly-most slowly；quickly-more quickly- most quickly等。但early(形容词)-earlier-earliest例外。

（2）不规则变化（好坏多少老远）

下列单、双音节词只能加more和most。如：like, real, right, glad, tired, pleased, often, exact等。

【注意】有些形容词如：dead, empty, sure, round, woolen等无比较级和最高级。

考点二、 形容词和副词的比较级等级的用法

1.原级的用法

（1）只能修饰原级的词，very，quite，so，too

He is too tired to walk on.

（2）原级常用的句型结构

A= B-----A+ as +adj / adv的原级+ as +B    表示 “A和B一样”

Tom is as old as Kate.

A＜B---A +not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B 表示 “A不如B…”

This room is not as/so big as that one.

 2.比较级的用法

（1）可以修饰比较级的词.

much，a lot，far，…的多a little，a bit，…一点儿even甚至，still仍然 rather等来修饰。

（2）比较级常用的句型结构

 “甲+形容词/副词的比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”

Tom is taller than Kate.

“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。

He is getting taller and taller.

“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……，越……”。

The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you’ll make.

“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two+……”表示“甲是两者中较……的”。(of the twins/parents…)

Look at the two boys.  My brother is the taller of the two.

3.最高级的用法

（1）表示三者或三者以上的比较，常见的结构为“the+最高级(+名词)+in.../ of all ...”，表示“…中最…的(…)”。 He is the tallest of all the boys

 He works hardest in his class .

注:副词的最高级前the 可省掉

（2）the +序数词+形容词的最高级+单数名词

The Yellow River is the second longest river in China .

（3）one of +the +形容词的最高级+复数名词

He is one of the cleverest students in our class.

（4）“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。

 Which season do you like （the） best，spring，summer or autumn？

考点三、 级别的转换

1. 原级与比较级的转换

（1）倍数+ as …as → (倍数-1)+比较级+than

This room is five times as big as that one

= This room is four times bigger than that one .

（2）not as…as 与比较级的转换

  A +not as …as + B →  A+比较级(反义词的比较级) +than +B  →  B+比较级+than+A

  Mary is not as old as Tom .

= Mary is younger than Tom.

= Tom is older than Mary .

2. 比较级与最高级的转换

（1）the +最高级+ of / in ……

             + any other +单数名词

（2）比较级+than  + the other +复数名词

                +anyone else

                +any of the other+复数名词

（3）Nobody else + 比较级 + than ……

Tom is the tallest boy in our class .

=Tom is taller than any other boy in our class.

=Tom is taller than anyone else in our class.

=Nobody else is taller than Tom in our class.

考点四、 级别的惯用法

1.  “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。

He is getting taller and taller.

2. “the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……，越……”。

The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you’ll make.

3. “甲+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two+……”表示“甲是两者中较……的”。

(of the twins/parents…)

Look at the two boys.  My brother is the taller of the two.

4.  相比较的前后两部分必须是同类比较.

 My pencil is longer than yours.

5.  比较时不能与自身相比

 注: 当相比较的两者属于同一范围/类别时,为了与自身相比较, 要用any other +单数名词. 若两者不属于同一范围/类别时,不必用other ,直接用any + 单数名词.

 He is taller than any other boy in his class.

 He is taller than any boy in our class .

6.有些含有比较级的句子里，常用that(单数、不可数名词)、those (复数名词)代替前面提到的词，以避免重复。

The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter .

The boys in our class are more than those in your class .

二、考点突破

一．单项选择

(　　)1.Last month, a new bridge was first opened to the public. It's 31 hanging bridge for walkers in the world.

A. longer   B. the longer   C. longest   D. the longest

(    )2.You will have a                understanding of kites than before.

A.good          B.better             C.best          D.the best

(    )3.Fishing is one of                 activities among the middle-aged people.

A.popular    B.more popular    C.most popular            D.the most popular

(    )4.A mobile phone with 5G can send videos much  ______ than the one with 4G.

A.fast         B.faster            C.fastest          D.the fastest

(    )5.—What do you think of the movie Operation Red Sea？

         —Wonderful. I've never seen a movie                than it．

A.more excited  B.more exciting  C.most excited          D.most exciting

二．语法选择(  形容词、副词专练  )

What are some of 1.     scientific discoveries （发现）in the history of mankind?How have they changed our lives?Read the following story and you are 2.      to find your answers.

There was once a(n)3.      scientist who made several important discoveries.Once he was asked how he was able to be so 4.     .He replied that it all came from an experience he had with his mother when he was 2 years old.He was trying to take a bottle of milk out of the refrigerator. But the bottle was too slippery(滑的)and he dropped it.The kitchen floor was covered with milk.

When his mother came into the kitchen，instead of shouting at him or punishing him，she said，＂Robert，5.      you have made!I have never seen 6.      puddle of milk.Would you like to play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?”

So he did.After a few minutes，they cleaned it up together.Then his mother said，'This was a failed experiment in how to carry a 7.      bottle of milk with two tiny hands.Let’s go out in the backyard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can find a way to carry it without dropping it.”

The little boy learned that if he held the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands,he could carry it without dropping it.8.      the lesson is!

The scientist then added that it was at that moment that he knew he didn't need to be 9.      to make mistakes.He learned that mistakes are just opportunities to learn10.     ---which is，after all，what scientific experiments are all about.Even if the experiment doesn’t “work”，we can still learn something valuable from it.

(     )1.A.big       B.bigger       C.biggest       D.the biggest

(     )2.A.sure       B.interesting       C.happy       D.easy

(     )3.A.powerful       B.important       C.famous       D.common

(     )4.A.creative       B.friendly       C popular       D.humorous

(     )5.A.what wonderful mess       B.how a wonderful mess

C.how wonderful mess       D.what a wonderful mess

(     )6.A.so huge       B.so a huge       C.such huge       D.such a huge

(     )7.A.big       B.small       C.good       D.full

(     )8.A.How great       B.How a great       C.What great       D.What a great

(     )9.A.angry        B.afraid       C.sorry       D.careful

(     )10.A.new something       B.something new       C.new anything       D.anything new

三．语法选择(  形容词、副词专练  )

There was a businessman who was deep in debt (债务）and could see no way out.He1.      sat on a park bench head in his hands.

2.      an old man appeared before him.＂I can see that something is troubling you,＂he said.After listening to the businessman’s story，the old man wrote out a check(支票)，and put it in his hand，saying，“Take it and pay me 3.      here exactly one year from today."Then he turned and disappeared as 4.      as he had come.

The businessman saw in his hand a check for $00,000,signed by John D.Rockefeller,one of the 5.      men in the world!

＂I can pay off my debts in a second!＂he realized.But6.     ，the businessman decided to put the check in his safe(保险箱).Just knowing it was there might give him the power to save his business，he thought.

He went back and worked 7.      to make his business successful.Within several months,he was out of debt and making money 8.     .

9.      one year later,he returned to the park with the check.At the agreed-upon time,the old man appeared. Behind the old man was a nurse.The nurse spoke to the businessman and said that the old man was mentally(精神上)ill and was 10.      telling people he was John D.Rockefeller.

The businessman was shocked to hear this.All yearlong he'd been buying and selling,believing that he had half a million dollars behind him.Suddenly,he realized that it wasn't the money,real or imagined,that had turned his life around.It was his new-found self-confidence that gave him the power to achieve anything he went after.

(     )1.A.angrily       B.hopelessly       C.happily       D.luckily

(     )2.A.Finally       B.Actually       C.Suddenly       D.Recently

(     )3.A.back       B.on       C.for       D.down

(     )4.A.slowly       B.quickly       C.more quickly       D.most quickly

(     )5.A.rich       B.richer       C.richest       D.most rich

(     )6.A.however       B.so       C.therefore       D.instead

(     )7.A.hard       B.hardly       C.harder       D.more hardly

(     )8.A.once again       B.at all       C.after all       D.any more

(     )9.A.Finally       B.Exactly       C.Soon       D.Actually