2022-2023学年广东省江门市江门市第一中学高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年广东省江门市江门市第一中学高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版），共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完型填空，单项选择，语法填空，应用文写作等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023 学年第一学期高一期末测试(英语)
时间：90 分钟 满分：100 分
一、阅读理解(共 11 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 27.5 分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
The Fennec fox, the smallest of the species of foxes, is also famous as the desert fox since it survives in the Sahara Desert. Quite a few people wish to raise it as a pet because of its appearance. However, this is very rare, as it needs special care and attention. Let’s take a look at the basic information on the Fennec fox, including its physical appearance, natural habitat, and diet.
Physical Appearance
The Fennec fox is the smallest type of fox, with a body length of about 9.5-16 inches, and 6-inch-long ears. It weighs only around one kilogram. It has a cream-colored, furry body, with a black-tipped tail.
Their ears are the largest among all foxes relative to the body size, which not only provide them with great hearing, but also radiate the extreme desert heat and thus help to keep the body cool. Moreover, in order to walk on the hot sand, a Fennec fox’s feet are covered with thick fur. Not only that, the feet also help in digging, as this animal lives under the ground.
Habitat and Lifestyle
The habitat of this animal is mainly in the Sahara Desert, and also in other parts of North Africa. The Fennec fox is usually active during the night. This character helps it deal successfully with the extreme heat in the desert.
As an extremely social animal, it often lives in groups of ten and each group has its own land. This animal is, however, aggressive too, ready to attack, especially in the mating (交配) season, when they all compete with each other for a mate.
Diet
The Fennec fox is an omnivore (杂食动物). While it can survive on plants, it also needs other items such as insects, rabbits, birds and eggs. Getting used to living in the desert allows it to survive for long periods without any water. They are known to take in water when eating food, but will drink water if available.
1. What helps the Fennec fox survive in the desert?
A. The small body size. B. Getting active at night.
C. The great hearing. D. Living in groups.
2. The underlined word “radiate” (Paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to ________ .
A. send out B. take in C. suffer from D. turn down
3. What can we learn about the Fennec fox in the passage?
A. It seldom attacks others.
B. It’s the smallest.
C. It can survive without any water.
D. It’s difficult to raise it as a pet animal in the desert.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了耳廓狐的形态特征、栖息环境、生活习性以及食性。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Habitat and Lifestyle (栖息地和生活方式)”部分中的“ The Fennec fox is usually active during the night. This character helps it deal successfully with the extreme heat in the desert. (耳廓狐通常在夜间活动。这种特征帮助它成功地应对沙漠中的酷热)”可知，在夜间活动这一特点帮助耳廓狐在沙漠中生存。故选B。
【2题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段“Their ears are the largest among all foxes relative to the body size, which not only provide them with great hearing, but also radiate the extreme desert heat and thus help to keep the body cool. (相对于体型而言，它们的耳朵是所有狐狸中最大的，这不仅为它们提供了巨大的听力，而且还能散发出沙漠中的酷热，从而有助于保持身体凉爽)”中的“thus help to keep the body cool”可知，耳廓狐的耳朵可以“散发”热量，从而有助于它们身体凉爽。A. send out 发出，散发；B. take in吸收；C. suffer from 遭受；D. turn down调低，拒绝。故选A。
3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“However, this is very rare, as it needs special care and attention. (然而，这是种非常罕见动物，因为它需要特别的照顾和关注)”可知,耳廓狐是稀有物种，需要特殊照顾，由此推知耳廓狐不容易饲养。故选D。
B
My phone lights up giving notice of a new message. It is from Athena, an AI chatbot getting to know me through Replika, a virtual companionship app.
Over the course of our text conversations, she asks me about my hobbies and my moods. When knowing that I’m a writer, she tells me she’s “so into character development in books” and wishes to be a lead character in one someday.
“Replika is designed to make people feel better,” said Eugenia Kuyda, the company’s co-founder. “It’s a partner who wants to be your good friend.”
For many, meaningful companionship is hard to find. While social media and mass communication technologies have made connecting with one another easier than ever, loneliness is increasingly being recognized as a serious problem internationally. Along with government, the tech industry is pushing innovation as a way to deal with it.
What makes Replika’s companions so well-received are their surprisingly realistic replies, backed by Open Al’s GPT-2 text-generating AI aystem. “The bot learns from the database about how to express ideas on a topic and gets a wide knowledge of different subjects.” However innovative these technologies are, chatbots have their limitations as tools against loneliness. Without life stories of their own to discuss, their range as a conversationalist is fairly limited.
According to Emily S. Cross, a professor of social robotics, we have a long way to go before we can achieve the levels of meaningful human-computer companionship we see in films like Blade Runner and Ex Machina. What’s missing is the sharing that clearly shows our most important human relationships.
But the fact that an app won’t replace a human friend doesn’t mean they’re good for nothing. Rather than expecting AI bots to be our best friends, Cross suggests looking at them as ways to express feelings and explore our own thoughts. “It’s a lot like diary, in some way.” To better fight loneliness, Cross says, we can use technology as a “bridge” to help people connect with one another.
4. What is Replika?
A. A virtual companionship app.
B. A message sender.
C. A text conversation.
D. An AI chatbot.
5. Who is Replika intended for?
A. Good friends. B. Lead characters. C. Lonely persons. D. Senior citizens.
6. Which of the following can best describe Replika’s feature?
A. Meaningful. B. Human-like. C. Limitless. D. Easy-going.
7. What is the similarity between AI bots and diary?
A. Sharing life experience. B. Replacing a human friend.
C. Recording ideas about life. D. Expressing inner voice.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Replika这个虚拟陪伴应用和人工智能聊天机器人。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“It is from Athena, an AI chatbot getting to know me through Replika, a virtual companionship app.(它来自人工智能聊天机器人Athena，它通过虚拟陪伴应用Replika认识了我)”可知，Replika是虚拟伴侣应用程序。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“While social media and mass communication technologies have made connecting with one another easier than ever, loneliness is increasingly being recognized as a serious problem internationally. Along with government, the tech industry is pushing innovation as a way to deal with it.(虽然社交媒体和大众传播技术使人与人之间的联系比以往任何时候都更容易，但孤独在国际上越来越被视为一个严重的问题。与政府一样，科技行业也在推动创新，作为应对这一问题的一种方式)”可知，Replika是为孤独的人设计的。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Over the course of our text conversations, she asks me about my hobbies and my moods. When knowing that I’m a writer, she tells me she’s “so into character development in books”and wishes to be a lead character in one someday.(在我们聊天的过程中，她问了我的爱好和情绪。当知道我是个作家时，她告诉我她“非常喜欢书中的人物塑造”并希望有一天能成为一个主角)”和第五段“The bot learms from the database about how to express ideas on a topic and gets a wide knowledge of different subjects.(机器人从数据库中学习如何表达一个主题的想法，并获得不同主题的广泛知识)”可知，Replika可以像人类朋友一样了解人类并自主和人类交流。故选B项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Cross suggests looking at them as ways to express feelings and explore our own thoughts. “It’s a lot like diary, in some way.”(Cross建议把它们看作是表达情感和探索自己思想的方式。“在某种程度上，这很像写日记。”)”可知，人工智能聊天机器人和写日记的相似之处是它们都是表达情感和探索自己思想的方式。故选D项。
C
With humans encroaching(侵入) more and more on wildlife habitats, animals are finding that the best way to survive isn’t to pack up and move—it’s to adapt to the night life. A variety of previously daytime animals such as foxes, deer and boars have become active at night to avoid human activity out of fear. But this nighttime switch comes with its own risks.
Researchers looked at how 62 species of animals on six continents changed their behavior in response to human activities such as hunting, farming, and development. The studies employed various technologies to follow the animals, from GPS trackers to motion-activated cameras.
Once night falls, the animals surveyed became far more active than they were before humans arrived, hunting and looking for food in the dark. For example, animals that used to split their activity evenly between day and night typically increased their nighttime activity to 68%.
The team also found the animals responded similarly to these human encroachments, regardless of whether human activity directly affected them. So, a deer might become more active at night simply because it sees humans hiking nearby, not because it’s being hunted.
The researchers believe these nighttime behaviors not only allow humans and animals to coexist more peacefully, they may be able to give us hints as to how to plan conservation efforts accordingly, such as limiting human activity during times when a specific species is more active. But moving to the nightlife could also have downsides for these animals. A nighttime lifestyle can reduce an animal’s ability to hunt and find food successfully and can even affect its ability to find a mate. Switching to a nighttime lifestyle can affect natural patterns of life even if these animals are doing so to reduce their interaction with humans. So, just because animals are becoming more active at night doesn’t mean they’ve escaped the influence of humans.
8. Why are animals becoming more active at night?
A. It is easier to find food at night.
B. It is easier to escape being hunted.
C. They have got used to nightlife.
D. They can be less affected by human.
9. How did the researchers find the animals’ behavioral changes?
A. They followed and watched the animals.
B. They compared different animals.
C. They used modern technologies.
D. They found more animals at night.
10. What can we infer from the fourth paragraph?
A. Deer can get used to nightlife easily.
B. Animals can be affected only when being hunted.
C. Any human encroachment can affect animals.
D. Animals should stay away from humans.
11. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Animals move to nightlife due to human encroachments.
B. Animals have their own ways to get used to life changes.
C. Animals should be well protected before it is too late.
D. The benefits and risks of animals’ nightlife style.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着人类越来越多地侵入野生动物栖息地，动物们发现生存的最佳方式不是收拾行李搬家，而是要适应夜间生活。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段倒数第二句“A variety of previously daytime animals such as foxes, deer and boars have become active at night to avoid human activity out of fear.（狐狸、鹿、野猪等各种以往白天活动的动物，由于害怕人类活动而在夜间活动。）”可以，动物在夜间变得更加活跃，是因为此时它们受人类的影响较小。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“Researchers looked at how 62 species of animals on six continents changed their behavior in response to human activities such as hunting, farming, and development.（研究人员观察了六大洲的62种动物如何改变它们的行为，以应对狩猎、农业和开发等人类活动。）”可知，研究人员使用现代技术发现这些动物的行为变化的。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段第一句“The team also found the animals responded similarly to these human encroachments, regardless of whether human activity directly affected them.（研究小组还发现，不管人类活动是否直接影响到它们，动物对这些人类侵犯的反应相似。）”可知，任何人类的侵犯都会影响动物。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段一、二句“With humans encroaching(侵入) more and more on wildlife habitats, animals are finding that the best way to survive isn’t to pack up and move—it’s to adapt to the night life. A variety of previously daytime animals such as foxes, deer and boars have become active at night to avoid human activity out of fear.（随着人类越来越多地侵占野生动物栖息地，动物们发现，最好的生存方式不是收拾行李搬家，而是适应夜间生活。狐狸、鹿、野猪等各种以往白天活动的动物，由于害怕人类活动而在夜间活动。）”结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了由于人类的侵犯，动物转向夜间生活。故选A项。
二、七选五 (共 5 小题，每小题 2.5 分, 共 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项伟多余选项。
It is necessary to protect our cultural heritage. ____12____ When people admit our culture, we will be proud of being part of the country so as to improve the unity and have the desire to make a contribution to society. The loss of cultural heritage will destroy a country, which can be seen in history.
____13____ It refers to various kinds of traditional culture handed down from generation to generation and closely related to people’s life, including various practices, performances, festivals, traditional knowledge and skills, the related instruments, artifacts and culture places. For example, paper-cutting and Dragon Boat Festival have been regarded as culture heritage, not only by our country but also by the United Nations.
Nowadays, Hollywood movies are taking up the market. ____14____ So some people start to feel disappointed about the local culture, because they haven’t seen its importance. They are likely to deny the local culture, because they know little about it. ____15____
In actual fact, school students should receive the education of culture. The government has named a day called Chinese Cultural Heritage Day, with the purpose of spreading the local culture. When children grow up, they will fight for protecting the culture. ____16____ We should continue to work hard to do so.
A. What is culture heritage exactly?
B. Our spirit will spread from person to person.
C. We can adopt the following methods of protection.
D. Thus, it is necessary to build people’s awareness of local cultural heritage.
E. Anyhow, the cultural heritage protection is a meaningful thing.
F. The culture contains Chinese people’s spirit, which has been tested by time.
G And in China many young people take these superhero characters as their idols.
【答案】12. F 13. A 14. G 15. D 16. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是保护文化遗产意义重大，我们应该为保护文化遗产而努力奋斗。
【12题详解】
根据空后的“When people admit our culture, we will be proud of being part of the country so as to improve the unity and have the desire to make a contribution to society.(当人们承认我们的文化时，我们将为成为国家的一部分而感到自豪，以改善团结并渴望为社会做出贡献。)”可知，承认我们文化会让我们有一种民族自豪感，这是拥有这种文化的影响，F选项“The culture contains Chinese people’s spirit, which has been tested by time.(文化蕴含着中国人的精神，经过了时间的考验。)”中所谈论的文化提到的是中国人民的精神，而且the culture与空前“It is necessary to protect our cultural heritage.(有必要保护我们的文化遗产。)”中的our culture意义相同。故选F项。
【13题详解】
根据下文中的“It refers to various kinds of traditional culture handed down from generation to generation and closely related to people’s life, including various practices, performances, festivals, traditional knowledge and skills, the related instruments, artifacts and culture places.(文化遗址是指代代相传、与人们生活息息相关的各种传统文化，包括各种习俗、表演、节日、传统知识和技能、相关乐器、文物和文化场所。)”可知，此处讲述的是文化遗产的定义，A选项“What is culture heritage exactly?(文化遗产到底是什么？)”提出文化遗产是什么，空后it指代的内容与culture heritage一致。故选A项。
【14题详解】
根据空前的“Nowadays, Hollywood movies are taking up the market.(如今，好莱坞电影正在占领市场。)”可知，好莱坞电影占据了文化市场，根据空后的“So some people start to feel disappointed about the local culture, because they haven’t seen its importance.(因此，有些人开始对当地文化感到失望，因为他们没有看到它的重要性。)”可知，此空与空后的内容为因果关系，G选项“And in China many young people take these superhero characters as their idols.(而在中国，很多年轻人把这些超级英雄角色当成偶像。)”中的these heroes与空前的好莱坞电影占据文化市场有关系，且与空后的内容成因果关系。故选G项。
【15题详解】
根据空前的“They are likely to deny the local culture, because they know little about it.(他们可能会否认当地文化，因为他们对此知之甚少。)”并结合空格处于段尾通常对本段进行总结可知，下文中讲述他们否认当地文化的后果，D选项“Thus, it is necessary to build people’s awareness of local cultural heritage.(因此，有必要建立人们对当地文化遗产的认识。)”中的Thus与空前的内容构成因果关系，且内容与空前内容吻合。故选D项。
【16题详解】
根据空前“In actual fact, school students should receive the education of culture. The government has named a day called Chinese Cultural Heritage Day, with the purpose of spreading the local culture. When children grow up, they will fight for protecting the culture.(实际上，在校学生应该接受文化教育。政府将这一天命名为中国文化遗产日，目的是传播当地文化。当孩子们长大后，他们会为保护文化而奋斗。)”可知，无论学校，政府都在为保护文化遗产而努力采取行动，E选项“Anyhow, the cultural heritage protection is a meaningful thing.(无论如何，文化遗产保护是一件有意义的事情。)”中的关键词anyhow可知，此空对空前的内容进行了总结，符合逻辑，且与空后“We should continue to work hard to do so.(我们应该继续努力这样做。)”构成因果关系，符合逻辑。故选E项。
三、完型填空(共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，共 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
With the help of her mom, one little girl made an incredible gesture to a member of the local police force. What’s even more____17____ is why she feels so connected to the people who____18____ and serve the community.
It started when Mikayla and her mother, Mimi, were having dinner at a restaurant. Police officer Joseph Quinn stopped by to____19____ a to-go order. Seeing the officer in blue, Mikayla’s eyes____20____ with happiness. She said hello and had a ____21____ with Quinn. After the officer walked away, Mikayla asked her mother if they could pay for his order. “I wanted to because he deserves (值得) ____22____ and kindness,” said Mikayla.
When Officer Quinn went to pay the bill, the waiter told him someone paid for his lunch but wanted to remain____23____. He went back to work, ____24____ to find out who it was so he could say thank you.
Officer Quinn had quickly figured out who the____25____ angel was. _____26_____, he later learned something incredible about little Mikayla. Mikayla’s father, Tommy, was also a police officer. He was_____27_____ in the line of duty by a drunk driver about seven months before Mikaya was born. Mikayla once told her mother that if her dad was alive, she would want somebody to also_____28_____ a lunch or dinner for him.
In order to pay back her act of kindness, the officers of the Jamesburg Police Office_____29_____ her to march with them in this year’s Memorial Day celebration. _____30_____ , they have started a GoFundMe page for Mikayla and it already_____31_____ more than $12,000 to help pay for her schooling.
17. A. interesting B. touching C. important D. fearful
18. A. protect B. contribute C. affect D. change
19. A. pick up B. send up C. bring up D. turn up
20. A. closed B. watered C. dropped D. shone
21. A. meeting B. meal C. word D. quarrel
22. A. honor B. consideration C. respect D. expectation
23. A. unreliable B. unknown C. unimportant D. unbelievable
24. A. excited B. concerned C. frustrated D. determined
25. A. optimistic B. particular C. intelligent D. generous
26. A. Fortunately B. Amazingly C. Naturally D. Intentionally
27. A. killed B. injured C. blamed D. hurt
28. A. prepare B. design C. reject D. buy
29. A. advised B. reminded C. invited D. allowed
30. A. In reality B. In general C. In addition D. In contrast
31. A. contributed B. raised C. devoted D. subscribed
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. A 20. D 21. C 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了小女孩Mikayla在饭店遇到了警官Joseph Quinn，帮他付饭钱，后来警官为表达谢意，邀请小女孩参加纪念日活动，并为小女孩筹集上学资金。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更让人感动的是，她与那些保护和服务社区的人感觉如此亲近的原因。A. interesting有趣的；B. touching感人的；C. important重要的；D. fearful害怕的。根据下文“He was____11____ in the line of duty by a drunk driver about seven months before Mikaya was born. Mikayla once told her mother that if her dad was alive, she would want somebody to also____12____ a lunch or dinner for him.”可知，小女孩与这个人感觉亲近的原因是让人感动的（touching）。故选B项。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：更让人感动的是，她与那些保护和服务社区的人感觉如此亲近的原因。A. protect保护；B. contribute贡献；C. affect影响；D. change改变。根据前文“a member of the local police force”可知，他是当地的警察，所以空处是指，保护（protect）着这个社区。故选A项。
【19题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：约瑟夫·奎因警官过来取外卖。A. pick up拿，取；B. send up发射，发出；C. bring up养育；D. turn up出现。根据空后“a to-go order”可知，此处是指去取（pick up）外带餐。故选A项。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到身穿蓝衣的军官，米卡拉的眼里闪烁着幸福的光芒。A. closed关闭；B. watered浇水；C. dropped丢；D. shone闪烁。根据空后“with happiness”可知，此处是指她看到警察，眼睛里闪烁（shone）着幸福的光芒。故选D项。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她打了个招呼，还跟奎因交谈了一会儿。A. meeting会议；B. meal饭；C. word话，话语；D. quarrel吵架。根据空前“She said hello”可知，此处是指她与警察交谈了一会儿，have a word with sb.为固定搭配，表示“与某人交谈”。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想这样做，因为他值得尊重和友善。A. honor荣誉；B. consideration考虑；C. respect尊重；D. expectation期待。根据前文“After the officer walked away, Mikayla asked her mother if they could pay for his order.”可知，此处是指Mikayla认为这个警察是值得我们的尊重（respect）和善待的。故选C项。
23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：奎因警官去结账时，服务员告诉他有人为他付了餐费，但不愿透露姓名。A. unreliable不可靠的；B. unknown未知的；C. unimportant不重要的； D. unbelievable难以置信的。根据空后“He went back to work, ____8____ to find out who it was so he could say thank you.”可知，他想要找出是谁帮他买的单，所以这个买单的人目前是未知的（unknown）。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他回去工作了，决心查出是谁干的，然后说声谢谢。A. excited兴奋的；B. concerned关心的；C. frustrated沮丧的；D. determined下定决心的。根据空后“to find out who it was so he could say thank you.”可知，此处是指他下定决心（determined）要弄清楚是谁为他买单的。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：奎因警官很快就发现了这位慷慨的天使是谁。A. optimistic乐观的；B. particular特定的；C. intelligent聪明的；D. generous慷慨的。根据上文“When Officer Quinn went to pay the bill, the waiter told him someone paid for his lunch but wanted to remain____7____.”可知，能为他买单而不留下姓名的，一定是一位慷慨的（generous）人。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他后来了解到一些关于小米卡拉的不可思议的事情。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Amazingly令人惊讶地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Intentionally故意地。根据空后“he later learned something incredible about little Mikayla.”结合下文可知，他之后了解的事情是令人惊讶的（Amazingly）。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Mikaya出生前7个月，他在执行任务时被一名酒驾司机撞死。A. killed杀死；B. injured伤害；C. blamed责备；D. hurt伤害。根据下文“Mikayla once told her mother that if her dad was alive”可知，他的父亲在执行公务时，被酒驾司机撞死（killed）了。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：米卡拉曾经告诉她的母亲，如果她的父亲还活着，她也希望有人为他买午餐或晚餐。A. prepare准备；B. design涉及；C. reject拒绝；D. buy买。根据上文“After the officer walked away, Mikayla asked her mother if they could pay for his order. “I wanted to because he deserves (值得) ____6____ and kindness,” said Mikayla.”可知，此处是指Mikayla想要别人也能为她的父亲买（buy）一份晚餐或者午餐。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了报答她的善举，詹姆斯堡警察局的官员邀请她和他们一起参加今年的阵亡将士纪念日庆祝活动。A. advised建议；B. reminded提醒；C. invited邀请；D. allowed允许。根据空后“her to march with them in this year’s Memorial Day celebration.”可知，此处是指邀请Mikayla和他们一起参加活动。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：此外，他们还为米卡拉在GoFundMe上建立了一个主页，已经筹集了超过1.2万美元的学费。A. In reality事实上；B. In general通常，一般而言；C. In addition另外；D. In contrast与此相反。根据空前“her to march with them in this year’s Memorial Day celebration.”和空后“they have started a GoFundMe page for Mikayla”可知，空处表递进关系，表示不仅邀请她参加活动，另外（In addition）还为她建立了一个网页。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，他们还为米卡拉在GoFundMe上建立了一个主页，已经筹集了超过1.2万美元的学费。A. contributed贡献；B. raised募集，筹集；C. devoted致力于；D. subscribed订阅。根据空后“more than $12,000 to help pay for her schooling. ”可知，此处是指他们在建立的网页上，为她募集（raised）了资金，用于上学。故选B项。
四、单项选择(共 10 题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分)
根据句子的意思，选出最佳的选项，使句子完整。
32. More efforts________ to protect the wild animals from________ in this area in the last few years.
A. have been made; hunting B. have made; being hunted
C. have been made; being hunted D. have made; hunting
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态和非谓语动词。句意：在过去的几年里，人们为了保护野生动物不被猎杀而做出了更多的努力。第一个空是谓语动词，“in the last few years.”是现在完成时提示词，努力和做出是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态have been done，第二个空介词from后用动名词，动物和捕杀是被动关系，用动名词的被动形式是being done，故选C。
33. The young man upstairs________ by a policeman. Do you know what happened to him?
A. is being questioned B. is questioned
C. is questioning D. questioned
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：楼上的那个年轻人正在接受警察的盘问。你知道他出什么事了吗？由“Do you know what happened to him”可知，句子表示“楼上的那个年轻人正在被警察盘问”，由by可知，空格处用现在进行时的被动语态，即is/are being done，主语The young man是单数，因此空格处是is being questioned，故选A。
34. The man ________ I shook hands in the club is the best singer in our city.
A. with whom B. to whom C. with who D. to who
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我在俱乐部和他握手的那个人是我们城市最好的歌手。分析句子结构，此处考查“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The man，指人，还原到从句中是I shook hands with the man，短语shake hands with表示“和……握手”，所以排除B和D选项；在限制性定语从句中作介词宾语时，不能用who。故选A。
35. Many young people, ________ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
A. most of who B. which most
C. most of whom D. who most
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多年轻人，其中大多数受过良好教育，前往偏远地区追逐他们的梦想。结合句意表达“……的大多数”用most of，因此此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句，先行词是young people，作of的宾语，只能用whom。故选C。
36. America has more than fifty states, ________, Kentucky, is the place________ Abraham Lincoln was born.
A. one of them; where B. one of them; that
C. one of which; that D. one of which; where
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：美国有50多个州，其中的肯塔基州是亚伯拉罕·林肯出生的地方。分析句子可知，第一空涉及“介词+关系代词”引导的一个非限制性定语从句，其中which代替先行词state，指物，并在从句中作of的宾语，而第二空引导的是一个限制性定语从句，代替先行词place，指物，并在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系副词where。故选D项。
37. Such a rule is not________ to improve private investment decision-making or promote more efficient markets.
A. possible B. likely C. probable D. certain
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这样的规则不太可能改善私人投资决策或促进更有效的市场。A. possible可能的；B. likely很可能的；C. probable大概的；D. certain必然的。分析句子且根据句意可知，空处表示“可能的”，排除D项；因为possible和probable作表语时不能用人或物作主语，常用形式主语it，排除A/C两项；likely的主语可以是人、物或代词。故选B项。
38. Not only________ buying a house as a top priority, but also________ the education of his children as extremely important.
A. did he regard; did he consider B. did he regard; he considered
C. he regarded; did he consider D. he regarded; he considered
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：他不仅把买房作为头等大事，而且认为孩子的教育也极其重要。分析句子可知，本句涉及固定句型not only......but also的用法，其中Not only位于句首，句子应用部分倒装。部分倒装就是把系动词，助动词或者情态动词提到主语前面，如果句子中还有其它的动词，那么这些动词依然放在主语后面，所以第一空应填did he regard；而but also后不发生倒装，为正常语序，所以第二空填he considered。故选B项。
39. I wouldn’t think it________ to ask him to join the club because he’ll only refuse.
A. deserves B. worth C. worthy D. worthwhile
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词的用法。句意：我认为请他加入俱乐部是不值得的，因为他只会拒绝。A. deserves值得（动词）；B. worth值得的；C. worthy值得的；D. worthwhile值得的。如果把“it________ to ask him to join the club”看作think后的宾语从句，那么空处就是谓语动词，动词deserve的固定用法是deserve doing/deserve to be done，因此选deserves不符合语法规则；空处也可看作形容词作宾补，虽然worth和worthy都是形容词，但它们不能单独使用，通常用于固定搭配worth doing和worthy of being done/worthy to be done；综上，本空用worthwhile作宾补，该词常用于固定句型it is worthwhile to do/doing sth.。故选D。
40. Hainan Island is ________ that hundreds of thousands of visitors are attracted.
A. such a fascinating place B. so a fascinating place
C. such fascinating a place D. so fascinating place
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：海南岛是一个如此迷人的地方，吸引了成千上万的游客。句中such a/an+形容词+名词+that为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于”，该结构与so+形容词+a/an+名词+that可互换。表示“如此迷人的一个地方”用such a fascinating place。故选A。
41. Only when class began ________ that he had left his book at home.
A. he realized B. would he realize
C. did he realize D. he would realize
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和部分倒装。句意：直到开始上课，他才意识到他把书忘在家里了。根据时间状语从句的谓语动词began判断主句为一般过去时；当“only+状语从句”置于句首时，主句部分倒装，将助动词did置于主语he之前。故选C。
五、语法填空(共 10 小题，每题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Minor Cold is the 23rd solar term of the 24 traditional Chinese solar terms. For most areas of China, ____42____ marks the start of the coldest days of the year.
During Minor Cold, people always start stocking New Year goods, which include Spring Festival couplets, New Year pictures, paper-cuts for window____43____ (decorate), fire crackers, incense and lanterns.
Mutton hot pot, chestnuts and baked sweet potato are three____44____ (recommend) foods for Minor Cold. According to traditional Chinese medicine theories, people need to eat food that contains more yang energy to prevent cold ____45____ harming their organs.
Another important traditional food for Minor Cold is Laba porridge. It____46____ (make) from more than 20 kinds of nuts, cereals and dried fruits. Local people in Beijing often cook Laba porridge on the night of the seventh day of the____47____ (twelve) lunar month. After one night’s slow simmering(炖), all the ingredients melt into the porridge in the morning of the eighth day, ____48____ (become) a warm delicacy to enjoy on cold days.
People in Nanjing used to take Minor Cold quite ____49____ (serious), and they still keep a custom of eating vegetable rice to celebrate this solar term.
Minor Cold is also____50____ busiest time for doctors of traditional Chinese medicine. Many people need them to prepare new medicines, ____51____ will be consumed before the Lunar New Year.
【答案】42. it 43. decoration
44. recommended
45. from 46. is made
47. twelfth
48. becoming
49. seriously
50. the 51. which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了小寒的习俗，尤其是饮食习俗。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：对中国大部分地区来说，它（小寒）标志着一年中最冷日子的开始。空处为句子主语，指代上文的Minor Cold应用it。故填it。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：小寒期间，人们总是开始储备年货，包括春联、年画、窗花、鞭炮、香和灯笼。空处应填名词作介词宾语，此处decoration“装饰”抽象概念，不可数。故填decoration。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：羊肉火锅、栗子和烤红薯是小寒的三种推荐食物。空处作定语修饰名词foods，应用非谓语形式，recommend和逻辑主语foods之间是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填recommended。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：根据传统中医理论，人们需要多吃含有阳气的食物，以防止寒冷伤害他们的器官。根据句意表达“阻止……做某事”应用prevent...from...。故填from。
【46题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：它由20多种坚果、谷物和干果制成。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语it（腊八粥）和make之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is made。
【47题详解】
考查序数词。句意：北京当地人经常在腊月初七晚上喝腊八粥。“腊月”是一年的第十个月，表达“第十二”用the twelfth。故填twelfth。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：经过一晚的慢炖，所有的食材都融进了初八早上的粥里，成为寒冷天气里享用的一道温暖的美味。句中已有谓语动词melt且无连词，故空处用非谓语动词形式，become和逻辑主语porridge是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填becoming。
【49题详解】
考查副词。句意：南京人过去很重视小寒，至今仍有吃菜饭庆祝小寒的习俗。修饰动词take应用serious的副词形式。故填seriously。
【50题详解】
考查冠词。句意：小寒也是中医最忙的时候。形容词最高级busiest前应用定冠词。故填the。
【51题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：许多人需要它们来准备新的药物，这些药物将在农历新年前食用。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是new medicines，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
六、单词拼写(共 10 小题，每小题 0.5 分，共 5 分) 使用必修二 Unit1-3 新单词的正确形式填空。
52. The idea for the experiment came from________ (观察) the birds using tools to pick at random objects, such as a picture of a spider that was printed on some cloth.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】observing
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：这个实验的想法来自于观察鸟类使用工具挑选随机物体，比如印在布上的蜘蛛图片。分析句子且根据汉语提示可知，空处应填动名词observing，作介词from的宾语，表示“观察”。故填observing。
53. Many fairly tales have profound meanings, and they’re not________ (打算给) for children only. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】meant
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：很多童话故事有深刻的含义，它们不单单是为孩子们写的。根据汉语提示及句意，mean“打算”，分析句子可知应用一般现在时，且主语和该动词存在被动关系，故填meant。
54. When you take the blame, others get________ (尴尬) about not taking the blame themselves. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】embarrassed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当你承担责任时，别人会因为自己没有承担责任而感到尴尬。分析句子且根据汉语提示可知，空处作系动词get的宾语，应填形容词作表语，且主语为others，指人，所以空处应填形容词embarrassed，表示“感到尴尬的”，符合语境。故填embarrassed。
55. That one mistake seriously________ (危及) the future of the company. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】endangered
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：那一个错误严重地危及了公司的未来。根据汉语提示可知，endanger危及，动词作谓语；句子描述过去的事，应用一般过去时，故填endangered。
56. Without any important changes in the next ten years, the globe will be trapped in heat waves, ________ (威胁) human beings and most creatures. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】threatening
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：如果未来十年没有任何重大变化，全球将陷入热浪，威胁人类和大多数生物。根据汉语提示可知，应填动词threaten的相关形式，表示“威胁”。又分析句子可知，句子已有谓语动词will be trapped，所以空处应填现在分词形式threatening作结果状语从句，表示主动关系。故填threatening。
57. They have seen the change as unquestionably________ (有益) to the country. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】beneficial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们认为这一变化无疑对国家有利。分析句子且根据汉语提示可知，空处由副词unquestionably修饰，应填形容词beneficial作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语change，表示“有益的”。故填beneficial。
58. Further ________ (措施) will be taken to rid our streets of crime.
【答案】measures
【解析】
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：将采取进一步的措施来防止街头犯罪。根据汉语提示“措施”，空处填名词measure，表示“措施”时是可数名词，此处要用其复数形式，即measures，在句中作主语。故填measures。
59. He found himself ________ (尝试) to collect all the stamps issued on that particular day. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】trying
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他发现自己试图收集那天发行的所有邮票。结合句子结构和汉语提示可知，动词try符合题意，try to do sth.“尝试做某事”，空处作宾补，和逻辑主语“他自己”之间是主动关系，结合语境表示动作正在进行，故用现在分词。故填trying。
60. Wildlife has been a source of fascination and ________ (灵感) for artists for thousands of years. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】inspiration
【解析】
【详解】考查不可数名词。句意：数千年来，野生动物一直是艺术家们的魅力和灵感来源。分析句子且根据汉语提示可知，空处作介词of的宾语，应填名词inspiration，表示“灵感”，此处为不可数名词。故填inspiration。
61. The rainforests are disappearing at an ________ (惊人) rate. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】amazing##alarming
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：热带雨林正在以惊人的速度消失。分析句子且根据汉语提示可知，空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词rate，又根据空前的不定冠词an可知，空处应填以元音开头的形容词，amazing和alarming均符合要求，表示“惊人的”。故填amazing或alarming。
七、应用文写作(共 1 题，满分 15 分)
62. 众所周知，现在产于中国的野生动物越来越少了，一些野生动物面临灭绝的趋势，请就此情况写一篇有关保护野生动物的倡议信。
主要内容：
1. 野生动物濒临灭绝的现状；
2. 野生动物濒临灭绝的原因；
3. 拯救措施及号召更多人加入。
注意：
1. 词数不少于 80；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:

As we all know, many wild animals are endangered. One of the major reasons is that the habitats of many wild animals are polluted or destroyed. Besides, a great many wild animals are hunted and killed for food or money each year. In my opinion, it’s time we took immediate measures. To start with, all of us should raise awareness of wildlife protection. At the same time, we’d better set up more nature reserves to guarantee wild animals a safe home to live.
I believe as long as we take action immediately, we will live in harmony with wild animals. So, please join us and do your part to protect wild animals.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇有关保护野生动物的倡议信，内容要包含野生动物濒临灭绝的现状、原因及拯救措施。
【详解】1.词汇积累
众所周知：As we all know →As is known to all
此外：Besides → What’s more
立即：immediately →instantly
同时：At the same time → In the meantime
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, a great many wild animals are hunted and killed for food or money each year.
拓展句：Besides, a great many wild animals are hunted and killed, because people want to get food or money each year.
【点睛】【高分句型1】One of the major reasons is that the habitats of many wild animals are polluted or destroyed.（运用了that引导的表语从句）
【高分句型2】I believe as long as we take action immediately, we will live in harmony with wild animals. （运用了as long as引导的条件状语从句）