2022-2023学年广东省江门市鹤山一中高一下学期第二次月考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年广东省江门市鹤山一中高一下学期第二次月考英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了单项选择题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
鹤山一中2021-2022学年度第二学期第二阶段考试
高一英语卷
二、单项选择题(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1. I can’t imagine what great difficulty he had ________ the mountain.
A. climb B. to climb C. climbing D. climbed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我无法想象他爬山遇到了多么大的困难。分析句子结构可知，have difficulty in doing sth“做某事有困难”，本题中省略了in，故横线处用climbing作介词in的宾语。故填climbing。
2 She did nothing but ________.
A. to wait B. waited C. waiting D. wait
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她除了等待什么都不能做。固定句型“do nothing but+动词原形”意为“除了做，什么都没做”，but此处是介词，此处接不带to的不定式作宾语。故选D。
3. That is the only way we can imagine ________the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.
A. to reduce B. reducing
C. reduced D. reduce
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是我们能想出来的减少学生洗漱用水过多的唯一的方法 。 “做某事的方法”可以说成是the way to do sth, the way of doing sth,或者the way+从句。本题中way有两个定语：一个是从句we can imagine（来修饰the way,the way 作imagine的宾语，可以用关系词that/which，也可省略。本句中就是省略），另一个是to reduce。故选A。
4. He claimed _______ in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.
A. being badly treated B. to be treated badly
C. treating badly D. to have been treated badly
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他声称他昨天购物时在超市受到了恶劣地对待。此处是短语claim to have done sth.“声称做过某事”，又逻辑主语he和treat之间是被动关系，故应用to have done的被动式to have been done，故选D项。
5. The news reporter hurried to the airport, only_________ the film stars had left .
A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词作结果状语。句意：新闻记者急忙赶到机场，却被告知电影明星已经离开了。doing表自然而然的结果；to do表示出人意料的结果，经常和only连用；排除C,D；且主语The news reporters和tell是动宾关系，所以要用不定式的被动形式。故选B。
6. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ________ get out.
A. was able to B. would C. could D. had to
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：大火很快蔓延到整个旅馆，但每个人都逃了出来。but表示转折，故用be able to do sth.表示过去成功地做了某事。故选A。
7. ________ in the central area, the price of the house was sold for an incredibly high price.
A. Locating B. Locate C. Located D. Locates
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：坐落在中心地区，这所房子的价格被卖得非常高。locate用非谓语动词形式作状语，与逻辑主语the house是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，故填Located。
8. –Do you know where David is? He is not in the office.
–Well, he ______ have gone far—his coat is still here.
A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. wouldn’t
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：——你知道大卫在哪里吗?他不在办公室。——哦，他不可能走远了——他的大衣还在这儿。A. shouldn’t have done本不应该做某事；B. mustn’t 禁止；C. can’t have done 不可能做过某事；D. wouldn’t have done虚拟语气，是否定性推测，表示对过去事情的假设。根据his coat is still here可知这里意思是他不可能走远了，故选C。
9. The library needs ________, but it will have to wait until Sunday.
A. cleaning B. to clean C. clean D. being cleaned
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：图书馆需要清理，但是要等到星期日。need作实意动词，表示“需要”时，通常物作主语，一般用动名词的主动形式表示被动意思。根据句意，故选A。
10. I’m sorry but I will be occupied this afternoon. At three o'clock I _________ some guests from Africa.
A. will be receiving B. am receiving
C. receive D. am to receive
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：对不起，今天下午我有事。三点钟我将接待一些来自非洲的客人。根据上文I will be occupied this afternoon.可知应用将来时，且时间为At three o’clock，可知表示将来某一时刻某一动作正在进行应用将来进行时。故选A。
三．完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
When Jim Grant spotted black smoke coming out of a building on his way to work, he____11____his car to call 911. Then he____12____a U-turn, circling back to take another look.
Pulling up to the building, Grant saw flames（火焰）shooting out of a second-floor window. Not seeing or hearing any fire engines____13____. Grant rushed to a side____14____and ran up the stairs.
On the second floor, he____15____every apartment door. "Get out!" Grant shouted, No one____16____and he assumed that people had already____17____. Reaching the end of the hallway, though, Grant____18____a half-open door. He kicked it wide open, finding a____19____woman in a wheelchair with a little boy and a tiny baby. "Let's_____20_____!" he screamed. The woman looked at him in confusion and said something about changing her clothes. Grant didn't wait, clutching（抓牢）the baby to his chest and_____21_____the boy alongside, Grant ran down the hallway. When he was_____22_____outside, the only_____23_____in sight was a policeman. Grant told him about the_____24_____and they rushed into the smoky building.
Thanks to them, a family was saved from the fire. Grant and the policeman were honored for their_____25_____.
11. A. drove B. stopped C. reached D. abandoned
12. A. saw B. made C. missed D. crossed
13. A. burning B. leaving C. approaching D. waiting
14. A. entrance B. road C. building D. window
15. A. locked B. kicked C. counted D. repaired
16. A. agreed B. cared C. responded D. understood
17. A. arrived B. returned C. hidden D. escaped
18. A. skipped B. closed C. noticed D. remembered
19. A. frightened B. curious C. patient D. grateful
20. A. turn back B. go up C. get out D. lie down
21. A. following B. dragging C. examining D. passing
22. A. safely B. secretly C. suddenly D. previously
23. A. witness B. guide C. service D. help
24. A. woman B. door C. car D. baby
25. A. wisdom B. generosity C. honesty D. courage
【答案】11. B 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. C 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了格兰特在上班的路上发现一栋大楼冒出黑烟并且楼上窗户喷火，他就冲上楼救了两个孩子，并且告诉警察上面还有一个女人，于是女人也获救了。
【11题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当吉姆·格兰特在上班的路上发现一栋大楼冒出黑烟时，他停下车打911。A. drove驾驶；B. stopped停下来；C. reached到达；D. abandoned抛弃。分析可知，大楼冒黑烟是着火了，所以停下车去拨打911报警符合题意，故选B。
【12题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他掉头，绕回来再看一眼。A. saw看；B. made做；C. missed错过；D. crossed交叉；横过。make a U-turn意为掉头，固定搭配。故选B。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：格兰特把车停到大楼前，看见火焰从二楼的窗户里喷出来。没有看到或听到任何消防车接近。格兰特冲到一个侧门跑上楼梯。A. burning燃烧；B. leaving离开；C. approaching接近；D. waiting等待。分析可知，火焰都已经从二楼喷出来，并且可以看出格兰特跑上楼梯去救火，可以推测是因为消防车没来，此处approaching表示接近，符合题意，故选C。
【14题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：格兰特把车停到大楼前，看见火焰从二楼的窗户里喷出来。没有看到或听到任何消防车接近。格兰特冲到一个侧门跑上楼梯。A. entrance入口；B. road路；C. building楼；D. window窗户。根据语境可知，二楼窗户喷火并且消防车没来所以格兰特冲到侧门是为了救火，符合题意，side entrance侧门。故选 A。
【15题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在二楼，他踢了每个公寓的门。A. locked锁；B. kicked踢；C. counted计算；D. repaired修。根据上文可知，大楼着火了。格兰特冲上楼去救火，所以踢门符合题意，是为了看里面是否有人。故选B。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人回应，他以为人们已经逃走了。A. agreed同意；B. cared照顾；C. responded回应；D. understood理解。分析可知，格兰特踢门问里面是否有人，再结合后面他认为人已经逃走了可以判断出是没有人回应他。故选C。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人回应，他以为人们已经逃走了。A. arrived到达；B. returned返回；C. hidden藏；D. escaped逃离。分析可知，格兰特踢门但没有人回应，所以他以为人们已经逃走（escaped）符合题意，故选D。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，到达走廊尽头时，格兰特注意到一扇半开的门。A. skipped跳；B. closed关闭；C. noticed注意；D. remembered记得。分析可知，上文格兰特以为人们都逃走了，并且格兰特是来救人的，所以格兰特注意到一扇半开的们符合题意，故选C。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他把它踢得很宽，发现一个坐在轮椅上的吓坏了的女人，她带着一个小男孩和一个小婴儿。A. frightened害怕的；B. curious好奇的；C. patient耐心的；D. grateful感谢的。分析可知，发生了火灾，所以女人是害怕的符合题意，故选A。
【20题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我们出去吧！”他大声喊道。A. turn back返回；B. go up上升；C. get out出去；D. lie down躺下。分析可知，格兰特找到了被困人员，所以要带他们出去符合句意，故选C。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：格兰特没有等，他把婴儿抱起来，把男孩拖到旁边，沿着走廊跑去。A. following跟随；B. dragging拖；C. examining测试；D. passing通过。分析可知，要救他们出去，所以拖着男孩跑出去符合题意，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他安全地到外面时，唯一看得见的帮助就是一个警察。A. safely安全地；B. secretly秘密地；C. suddenly突然地；D. previously以前地。分析可知，格兰特把被困人员救了出来，所以只有安全地到达外面符合题意，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他安全地在外面时，看得见的唯一能够帮忙的人就是一个警察。A. witness目击者；B. guide指南；C. service服务；D. help帮助。分析可知，警察是提供帮助的，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：格兰特告诉他那个女人（还在里面），他们冲进烟雾弥漫大楼。A. woman女人；B. door门；C. car车；D. baby婴儿。分析可知，格兰特把婴儿和男孩救出来了，女人还没有出来，所以他告诉警察那个女人还在里面，符合题意，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了他们，一家人才从火灾中获救。格兰特和警察因他们的勇气而受到表彰。A. wisdom智慧；B. generosity慷慨；C. honesty诚实；D. courage勇气。分析可知，警察和格兰特冲进大火里救了这一家人，是非常有勇气的，所以因他们的勇气而受到表彰符合题意，故选D。
四．阅读理解及七选五(每小题2.5分，共50分)
A
DIY Your Own Desserts
We offer a wide variety of classes to suit all. A very popular class we are offering these 2 weeks is the class named “DIY Your Own Desserts”.
Can you imagine how happy your beloved one will be when you give him/ her your DIY desserts when you celebrate a birthday with him/ her? Come and make your own desserts at The Desserts Kitchen. Give you beloved one a surprise!
Recipes we are offering: cheesecake, cookies, pudding and a lot more!
One-to-one Class (every Monday, Wednesday and Friday)
This is a completely hands-on personal cooking experience lasting up to 4 hours, learning 4 — 5 recipes per lesson. The teacher will guide you through how to prepare and make the food. You’ll be able to take home copies of all the recipes and the dishes prepared by yourself.
Fees: $300 per class per person
Group Course (daily)
There are three types of group course: beginners course, intermediate course and advanced course. Below are the details and prices for each course.
All classes run daily and each course lasts 2 hours. You’ ll be able to learn 2- -3 recipes per lesson.
A copy of recipes will be available for you to take home.
The teacher will show how to cook different recipes in front of 8- 10 people in a friendly and sociable atmosphere. There will be opportunities for students to get hands- on experience in some of the classes. At the end of the class, you can either eat the meal prepared during the class or take it home with you.
Fees: $150 per class per person (beginners’ course); $250 per class per person (intermediate course); $350 per class per person (advanced course).
For application, go to our website to get the application form. You can choose to apply for the class online, via email or hand in your completed form in person.
26. When can you take the One-to-one Class?
A. Every day. B. Every Tuesday. C. Every Wednesday. D. Every weekend.
27 What can all the students get from the class?
A Guides to 4- 5 recipes. B. One-to-one instruction.
C. 4-hour hands-on experience. D. The dishes prepared during the class.
28. How much should you pay per class if you want to take the advanced course?
A. $150. B. $250. C. $300. D. $350.
【答案】26. C 27. D 28. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了教人动手制作甜点的教程。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“One-to-one Class (every Monday, Wednesday and Friday)(一对一课堂（每周一、三、五）)”可知，每周三可以上一对一课。故选C。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“You’ll be able to take home copies of all the recipes and the dishes prepared by yourself.(你可以把自己准备的所有食谱和菜肴带回家)”可知，所有的学生都能拿走为门课中所准备的菜。故选D。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“$350 per class per person (advanced course).(每人350美元（高级课程）)”可知，如果你想上高级班，每节课要付350美元。故选D。
B
Still dressed in their sleepwear, Dian Turner’s kids couldn‘’t wait to get outside. But they didn’t go far — they stopped at the footpath outside their Melbourne home, armed with a box of chalks.
Max, seven, and Lenny, four, have been away from their friends since coronavirus physical-distancing rules came into force and the Victorian school holidays were brought forwards a week. They’re just two of the many children who have been spending their shutdown time drawing rainbows (彩虹) and encouraging messages like “We’re all in this together” across Australia. “It was something for the kids to make them feel connected to other people, because obviously they’re feeling a little bit uncertain about staying at home and what this means, and not being able to go to the playground and the park,” Ms Turner said.
Ms Turner first saw the idea when she was added to a Facebook group called the Rainbow Trail, which documents children and their parents drawing rainbows for others to spot. Ms Turner, a lawyer who has been spending much of her time working from home amid the shutdown measures, said it was “something positive to talk about” with the family. “You’re not breaking any of the social-distancing rules but it’s something that you can do and you can be happy and show that there’s a connection.”
University of Melbourne public health researcher Lisa Gibbs said it was important to provide children with age-appropriate ways to make them feel active and capable during the pandemic. “It’s easy in times of danger, which essentially this is, to be so concerned with protecting children, which obviously is of great importance,” Professor Gibbs said. “But in protecting children we can sometimes treat them as vulnerable (脆弱的), which makes them feel useless. So these sorts of activities are really helpful in providing a sense of agency in children that they can make a contribution to others.”
Professor Gibbs said in times of disaster, two patterns were very common — community mobilization, where people banded together, and community deterioration (恶化), where social supports fell apart. “So what these activities from children are doing is really contributing to social mobilization,” she said. “And people respond really positively to children’s messages, because they spread joy.”
29. What did Max and Lenny do during the shutdown time?
A. They held a party.
B. They drew rainbows in pencil.
C. They gave their neighbors a lift with art.
D. They played some sports games on the footpath.
30. What did Ms Turner say about the idea of Rainbow Trail?
A. It is beneficial.
B. It is time-wasting.
C. It should be further developed.
D. It may break social-distancing rules.
31. How may children feel when being protected according to Gibbs?
A. They are safe.
B. They are careless.
C. They are helpless.
D. They are valuable.
32. What does Gibbs think of children’s messages?
A. They help to build social connection.
B. They are hard to understand.
C. They will cause pollution.
D. They lack creativity.
【答案】29. C 30. A 31. C 32. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了澳大利亚的孩子们在封锁期间绘制粉笔画来鼓励社区的人们。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“They’re just two of the many children who have been spending their shutdown time drawing rainbows (彩虹) and encouraging messages like “We’re all in this together” across Australia. （在澳大利亚，有很多孩子把停课时间花在画彩虹和‘我们都在一起’这样的鼓励信息上，他们只是其中的两个）”可知，Max 和Lenny 在学校停课期间通过画彩虹和写鼓励的话来鼓励及其他人，即他们用艺术鼓舞邻居。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Ms Turner, a lawyer who has been spending much of her time working from home amid the shutdown measures, said it was “something positive to talk about” with the family. “You’re not breaking any of the social-distancing rules but it’s something that you can do and you can be happy and show that there’s a connection.”（特纳是一名律师，在政府关门措施期间，她大部分时间都在家里工作。她表示，这是与家人‘可以谈论的积极事情’。‘你没有违反任何社交距离规则，但这是你可以做的事情，你可以很开心，并可以展示人们是有联系的’）”推知，Turner认为在封锁期间Rainbow Trail对人们是有益的。故选A。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“But in protecting children we can sometimes treat them as vulnerable (脆弱的), which makes them feel useless.（但在保护孩子的过程中，我们有时会把他们看成是脆弱的，这让他们觉得自己很没用）”可知，Gibbs认为当被保护时孩子可能感觉自己很没用。故选C。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Professor Gibbs said in times of disaster, two patterns were very common — community mobilization, where people banded together, and community deterioration (恶化), where social supports fell apart. “So what these activities from children are doing is really contributing to social mobilization,”（吉布斯教授说，在灾难发生时，两种模式非常常见；社区动员，人们团结在一起；社区恶化，社会支持分崩离析。她说:“孩子们的这些活动确实有助于社会动员。”）”可知，Gibbs认为孩子们的信息有助于建立社会联系。故选A。
C
It’s no secret that literature is powerful. For many of us, there have been times in our lives — a loved one’s passing, our first heartbreak — that we couldn’t have made it through without a few extraordinary books, poems, or perhaps even just a few words strung together. We knew the connective power of literature all along, but now there’s science behind it.
A number of studies have shown that poetry provides a number of benefits for patients suffering from chronic (慢性的) and terminal (晚期的) illnesses. A randomized clinical trial, which set out to “evaluate the effect of passive listening to music and poetry on the variation in pain, depression, and hope scores” of 75 adult patients, came back with fascinating results. Researchers discovered that music and poetry both lessened pain intensity and depression, but only poetry increased hope scores.
After listening to poems, one participant said, “I feel calmer when I hear those words. Sadness passes. They are important words; they show me that I’m not alone.” What is it about those words that gives them the power to keep sadness away, and, moreover, to bring peace and comfort? As reported in Nautilus, “Poetry has a structure, which is something we can experience with our bodies.”
Using something called functional magnetic resonance imaging, researchers were able to ascertain that the recitation of poetry engages the mesolimbic pathway ( 中脑边缘系统通路), the primary reward circuitry in the brain. While poetry won’t cure the disease, it can help patients deal with the pain, both physical and emotional, associated with the illness. Treatment is important, but what physicians tend to forget is that healing (康复) is equally crucial for successful recovery. And healing is not just a matter of the body, but one of the mind and spirit, too.
In the context of terminal illness, communication between patient and physician extends beyond mere descriptions of physical pain, and transcends (超越) to more personal, and even more difficult to express conditions, such as mood, morale, and tiredness. Through poetry, doctors are able to better understand the mental state of their patients and as a result, better aid patients in the healing or treatment process.
33. What did the clinical trial’s researchers find?
A. Music proved ineffective in easing patients’ pain.
B. Music raised patients’ hopes of a speedy recovery.
C. Poetry could help cure chronic and terminal diseases.
D. Poetry helped to relieve pain and depression and give hope.
34. What did one participant’s words show?
A. Poems often bore hidden meanings.
B. Poems should be experienced first-hand.
C. Poems had a surprisingly calming influence.
D. Poems played a connective role among patients.
35. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?
A. Patients’ spirit matters the most in the healing process.
B. Poetry enables doctors to connect with patients emotionally.
C. Poetry can serve as an immediate treatment for most diseases.
D. Patients’ self-experimentation for a cure should be encouraged.
36. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. The desire to heal
B. The art of expression
C. The healing power of poetry
D. The benefit of literature to doctors
【答案】33. D 34. C 35. B 36. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了诗歌在治疗方面的作用。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Researchers discovered that music and poetry both lessened pain intensity and depression, but only poetry increased hope scores.（研究人员发现，音乐和诗歌都能减轻疼痛和抑郁，但只有诗歌能增加希望分数）”可知，诗歌有助于减轻痛苦和抑郁，给人带来希望。故选择D项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“After listening to poems, one participant said, “I feel calmer when I hear those words. Sadness passes. They are important words; they show me that I’m not alone.” （在听了诗歌后，一名参与者说：“当我听到这些话时，我感到更平静。悲伤过去了。它们是重要的词；它们向我表明，我并不孤单。”）”可知，一名参与者认为诗歌具有令人平静的作用，故选择C项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Through poetry, doctors are able to better understand the mental state of their patients and as a result, better aid patients in the healing or treatment process.（通过诗歌，医生能够更好地了解患者的心理状态，从而更好地帮助患者康复或治疗）”可知，诗歌可以使医生与患者在情感上建立联系，故选择B项。
【36题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“It’s no secret that literature is powerful（文学的力量已经不是什么秘密了）”以及最后一段中“Through poetry, doctors are able to better understand the mental state of their patients and as a result, better aid patients in the healing or treatment process.（通过诗歌，医生能够更好地了解患者的心理状态，从而更好地帮助患者康复或治疗）”可知，本文主要介绍的是诗歌的治愈力量，故C项“诗歌的治愈力量”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选择C项。
D
We’re increasingly relying on automation and artificial intelligence in everyday life. But we still don’t quite trust robots and fear they will take our jobs.
Humankind has a complicated relationship with robots. On the one hand, we appreciate how they can do dangerous, repetitive work so we don’t have to. Robots don’t need vacations or medical insurance. And in areas such as agriculture, where farmers can’t find enough people to pick the produce, robots can shoulder some of those tasks. But polls (民意调查) show that the growing robotization of the planet makes us feel deeply agitated - and threatened.
Pew Research Center surveys found that more than 80 percent of Americans believed thạt by 2050, robots would do much of the work humans now do and about 75 percent believed that would make economic inequality worse. Across lines of race, age, and education, people who said automation has hurt workers outnumbered those who said it’s helped workers by two to one.
National Geographic sent David Berreby around the world to look at the present and future state of robots in society.
“Robots now deliver food in Milton Keynes, England, carry supplies in a Dallas hospital, disinfect (给……消毒) patients’ rooms in China and some European countries, and wander parks in Singapore, asking pedestrians (行人) to maintain social distance,” Berreby writes.
“It’s an unavoidable fact that we are going to have machines, artificial creatures; that will be a part of our daily life,” Carnegie Mellon University AI roboticist Manuela Veloso told Berreby. “When you start accepting robots around you, like a third species, along with pets and humans, you want to relate to them.”
A third species? That’s a new idea indeed. But were not there yet. So far, Berreby reports, robots can’t equal the human mind’s ability to do a lot of tasks, especially unexpected ones, and robots haven’t yet mastered common sense - all sill required to be a magazine editor.
37. What does the underlined word “agitated” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Disappointed B. Proud. C. Comfortable D. Worried.
38. What did Pew Research Center surveys show?
A. Most people regarded workplace automation as good.
B. Most people agreed robots helped stimulate the economy.
C. More people thought robots did more harm than good.
D. More people feared robots would bring more social problems.
39. What does David Berreby’s description imply?
A. People enjoy robots’ company.
B. People have a growing reliance on robots,
C. Robots will pose a serious threat to humans.
D. Robots will soon replace humans in many fields.
40. What is David Berreby’s attitude to accepting robots as a third species?
A. Disapproving. B. Favorable. C. Concerned. D. Reserved
【答案】37. D 38. C 39. B 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述的是的日常生活中的机器人化和智能化给人们带来了便利的同时，使得人们对机器人化变得更加的焦虑。
【37题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“And in areas such as agriculture, where farmers can’t find enough people to pick the produce, robots can shoulder some of those tasks.(在农业等领域，农民找不到足够的人来采摘农产品，机器人可以承担其中的一些任务。)”与划线单词前的内容“But polls (民意调查) show that the growing robotization of the planet makes us feel deeply…(但民意调查显示，地球日益增长的机器人化让我们深深地感受到......)”为转折关系可知，前文讲述的是机器人给人类带来的好处，根据but可知，划线部分所在的句子讲述的是机器人给人们带来的困扰，结合下文“and threatened(且受到威胁)”可确定划线单词的意思是“令人不安”。故选D项。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Across lines of race, age, and education, people who said automation has hurt workers outnumbered those who said it’s helped workers by two to one.(在不同种族、年龄和教育程度的人群中，认为自动化对工人有害的人比认为自动化对工人有益的人多出两倍。)”可知，更多的人觉得机器人化给人带来的弊大于利。故选C项。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段““Robots now deliver food in Milton Keynes, England, carry supplies in a Dallas hospital, disinfect (给...消毒) patients’ rooms in China and some European countries, and wander parks in Singapore, asking pedestrians (行人) to maintain social distance,” Berreby writes. (Berreby写道：“机器人现在在英国米尔尔顿凯恩斯送餐，在达拉斯医院搬运用品，在中国和一些欧洲国家为病人的房间消毒，在新加坡的公园漫步，要求行人保持社交距离。”)“可以推知，人类对机器人在各领域都有所依赖。故选B项。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But were not there yet. So far, Berreby reports, robots can’t equal the human mind’s ability to do a lot of tasks, especially unexpected ones, and robots haven’t yet: mastered common sense - all sill required to be a magazine editor.(但我们还没到那一步。Berreby报告说，到目前为止，机器人还不能在很多任务上与人类思维匹敌，尤其是那些意想不到的任务，而且机器人还没有掌握常识——成为一名杂志编辑还需要具备这些能力。)”可以推知，David Berreby对于把机器人看作是又一物种的看法持不赞成的态度。故选A项
七选五
Many people often find themselves waking up in the middle of the night, unusually awake and excited. ___41___ . That's really frustrating. However, there is no need to worry. Here are some effective ways to help you fall asleep again.
Remain in bed. For you to fall asleep, your heart rate needs to slow down. When you get up, your heart rate goes up. So, avoid going to the bathroom during the night if you can. Do not eat too little or too much for dinner. Do not drink and fill your bladder （膀胱）before bed. ___42___ . It may make you fall asleep faster, but it may also disrupt
your sleep later in the night.
Stay in the dark. When you cannot sleep, LED lights on printers and cable boxes may be the reason. The same is true for light streaming in through cracks in curtains. ___43___. You should cover lights with tape and wear a sleep mask. A popular choice has deep eye cups so your eyes can open and shut while you wear them.
Quiet your mind. Try ways to relax, such as deep breathing, meditation, and mindfulness exercises. ___44___ . The point is to keep your brain busy with something that is not demanding and is relaxing.
___45___ . If your wake-up time is 6:30 a.m. and your clock reads 3:00 a.m., do not think Oh no! I have only three hours left! Instead, say to yourself Oh great! I have three more hours to sleep!
You have a problem if you wake three times a week for more than three months. It may affect your quality of life. You need to find a sleep expert who can help identify the cause and fix it.
A. Think in a positive way.
B. Maintain a calm attitude.
C. They may keep you awake.
D. Most importantly, avoid alcohol in the evening.
E. You can do simple math problems in your head.
F. Getting up to do some mild exercise is also helpful.
G. Tossing and turning in bed, they are unable to fall asleep.
【答案】41. G 42. D 43. C 44. E 45. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些帮助你在夜里醒来后再次入睡的有效方法。
【41题详解】
空前说许多人常常发现自己半夜醒来，异常清醒和兴奋，此处承接上文，讲的是他们醒来后就再难以入睡的情况，故G项（他们在床上辗转反侧，睡不着觉）符合语境。
【42题详解】
空前说睡前不要喝东西充盈膀胱，空后又说它可能会让你睡得更快，但也可能扰乱你的睡眠，因此此处是说睡前尤其不要喝酒，故D项（最重要的是，晚上不要喝酒）符合语境。
【43题详解】
空前说当你无法入睡时，打印机和电缆盒上的LED灯可能是原因，从窗帘的缝隙射入的光线也同样如此，此处总结上文，讲的是打印机和电缆盒上的LED灯以及从窗帘的缝隙射入的光线可能会让你睡不着觉，故C项（它们可能会让你保持清醒）符合语境。
【44题详解】
空前说尝试放松的方法，比如深呼吸、冥想和正念练习，此处承接这一话题，介绍的是另一种让大脑平静下来的方法，故E项（你可以在脑子里做简单的数学题）符合语境。
【45题详解】
空后说如果你早上6点半起床，凌晨3点的时候你醒了，不要想我只能睡三个小时了，相反，要这样想——我还能睡三个小时呢，这个例子说明要以积极的方式思考，故A项（以积极的方式思考）符合语境。
【点睛】在七选五的解题过程中，选项中出现的代词与上文中出现的某一（些）名词的指代关系往往是重要线索，例如本篇第3题，根据空前的“When you cannot sleep, LED lights on printers and cable boxes may be the reason. The same is true for light streaming in through cracks in curtains.”可知，当你无法入睡时，打印机和电缆盒上的LED灯可能是原因，从窗帘的缝隙射入的光线也同样如此，空处总结上文，讲的是打印机和电缆盒上的LED灯以及从窗帘的缝隙射入的光线可能会让你睡不着觉，C项中的They指代的就是前面提到的打印机和电缆盒上的LED灯以及从窗帘的缝隙射入的光线，故C项（它们可能会让你保持清醒）符合语境。
五．语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Classical Chinese garden design aims to create a natural landscape on a small scale and emphasize the perfect harmony between man and nature.
A Chinese garden ____46____(be) like a scroll (卷轴) painting, ____47____(show) a series of carefully composed scenes. New views are revealed as one walks along the pathways. In the gardens, ____48____ most frequently meets the eye is winding paths that seemingly lead to nowhere. There, a path seems to end, but all of ____49____ sudden, a new world is rolled out before you: pavilions (亭子), rock formations, spring waters—all combined to provide a pleasant surprise! At the ____50____(enter) to a Chinese garden, there is usually a huge stone or wall ____51____(use) to screen your view so as to later produce unimaginable delight when you turn around the wall. A Chinese garden may have windows on all ____52____(it) four walls. And it is ____53____(interest) that, through the windows, visitors may see different views at different angles, and thus the composition of the garden becomes enlarged.
A Chinese garden is where culture is both created and enjoyed. All plants mark the shift of the ____54____(season). Similarly, water, a symbol of the ever-changing, ____55____ rocks, a symbol of the eternal (永恒的), create a harmonious balance of nature’s yin and yang.
【答案】46. is 47. showing
48. what 49. a
50. entrance##entry
51. used 52. its
53. interesting
54. seasons
55. and
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古典园林。它旨在创造一个小规模的自然景观，强调人与自然的完美和谐。中国园林就像一幅卷轴画，展示了一系列精心构成的场景。中国园林是创造和享受文化的地方。植物随着季节变化。一草一木皆让你惊喜， 水与岩石让自然界的阴阳调和。
【46题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一个中国园林就像一卷画，展示了一系列精心构成的场景。分析句子可知，本句中描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，且主语garden是名词单数，所以be动词用is。故填is。
【47题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：一个中国园林就像一卷画，展示了一系列精心构成的场景。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词，动词show和逻辑主语painting之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填showing。
【48题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：在花园里，最常见到的是蜿蜒的小径，似乎是无尽的。分析句子可知，空处引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指“最常见到的事物”，指物要用what引导，故填what。
【49题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：在那里，一条小路似乎到了尽头，但突然之间，一个新的世界展现在你面前：亭台楼阁、岩层、泉水——所有这些结合在一起，给你带来了一个惊喜！all of a sudden突然，为固定搭配，故填a。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：在中国园林的入口处，通常会有一块巨大的石头或一堵墙挡住你的视线，当你转过墙时，就会产生难以想象的快感。分析句子可知，空前有定冠词the，空处需填名词作宾语，entrance/entry入口，名词。故填entrance/entry。
【51题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：在中国园林的入口处，通常会有一块巨大的石头或一堵墙挡住你的视线，这样当你转过墙时，就会产生难以想象的快感。分析句子可知，动词use和逻辑主语stone or wall之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填used。
【52题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：中国的花园可能在它所有的四个墙壁上都有窗户。分析句子可知，应用形容词性物主代词its，修饰名词walls。故填its。
【53题详解】
考查形容词。句意：有趣的是，通过窗户，游客可以在不同的角度看到不同的风景，因此，花园的构成就扩大了。本句中是常用句式，It is +形容词+that从句，It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，此处应用形容词interesting“有趣的”作表语。故填interesting。
【54题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：所有的植物都标志着季节的变化。season季节，是可数名词，“季节的变化”涉及不同的季节，此处要用复数形式。故填seasons。
【55题详解】
考查连词。句意：同样地，水是千变万化的象征，岩石是永恒的象征，它们创造了自然界阴阳的和谐。分析句子可知“水”和“岩石”二者是并列的主语，应用and连接。故填and。
六．课文填空(每小题1分，共10分)
课文填空
My hotel is near d ____56____ in the Mission District, one of the oldest parts of the city. Many of the people l ____57____ here are from Mexico or Central America. This d ____58____ used tо be a poor area of town, but is now a c ____59____ for art, music, and food. In fact, an art m____60____ called the “Mission School” started here. It’s i____61____ by graffiti art and comic art. I walked around l ____62____аt the street art for а few hours. It was quite modern and l____63____. A ____64____, I ate some delicious Mexican-Chinese noodles from a food truck. A real mix of c _____65_____ here!
【答案】56 downtown
57. living 58. district
59. centre 60. movement
61. influenced
62. looking
63. lively
64. Afterwards
65. cultures
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在旧金山的旅游经历。
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：我的宾馆在市中心教会区附近，这个城市最古老的地方之一。根据单词首字母和句意“市中心”可知，应填名词downtown，在句中做介词near的宾语，是不可数名词。故填downtown。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：许多住在这里的人来自墨西哥或中美洲。根据单词首字母和句意“居住”可知，应填动词live，在句子中作后置定语修饰people，live与逻辑主语people是主动关系，用现在分词作定语，故填living。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：这个地区过去是这个城镇的贫民区，但是现在是艺术、音乐和食物的中心。根据单词首字母和句意“地区”可知，此处应填名词district“地区”，空前有this修饰用单数，作主语，故填district。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。根据单词首字母和句意“中心”可知，应填名词center/center“中心”作表语，不定冠词修饰，用单数，故填centre。
【60题详解】
考查名词。句意：事实上，一个叫做教会学校的艺术运动就是从这里开始的。根据单词首字母和句意“运动”可知，应填名词movement，作主语，由不定冠词修饰用单数，故填movement。
【61题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：它被涂鸦艺术和漫画艺术影响。根据单词首字母和句意“影响”可知，应填动词influence作谓语，动词influence和主语It是被动关系，前面有be动词is，故填influenced。
【62题详解】
考查动词。句意；我在街上到处走了走，看街道艺术好几个小时。根据单词首字母和句意“看”可知，应填动词look，look at“看……”，分析句子可知，look此处作伴随状语，与主语I是主动关系，用现在分词，故填looking。
【63题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它相当现代化，又生动逼真。根据单词首字母和句意“生动逼真”可知，应填形容词lively，作表语。故填lively。
【64题详解】
考查副词。句意：后来，我在一辆餐车上吃了一些美味的墨西哥中餐面条。根据单词首字母和句意“以后”可指，填副词afterwards“以后；后来”作状语，故填Afterwards。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：这里是真正的文化融合！根据单词首字母和句意“文化”可知，应填名词culture“文化”作介词of的宾语，根据句意，此处指代不止一种文化，故填cultures。
七．单词或词组拼写。(每小题1分，共10分)
66. Do you think the world’s 2008 f ________(财政的) crisis is reappearing?(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】financial##inancial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：你认为2008年世界财政危机正再次出现吗？根据首字母和汉语提示可知，应填形容词financial，修饰名词crisis，作定语。故填financial。
67. Mark said his English was so l ________ (有限的)that he wasn’t quite sure about some of the idioms. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】limited##imited
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：马克说他的英语水平很有限，有些习语他不太懂。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填形容词limited，作表语。故填limited。
68. You must ask p ________(允许的) before taking any photographs inside the museum. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】permission##ermission
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在博物馆里拍照必须得到允许。此处作ask的宾语用名词，结合汉语和首字母提示可知，名词“许可”是permission，此处用作不可数名词。故填permission。
69. She agreed immediately without h________ (犹豫) (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】hesitation##esitation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她毫不犹豫地立刻同意了。根据句意，首字母和汉语提示应填名词hesitation作宾语，不可数名词，故填hesitation。
70. He is a________(认为，承认)as one of the world’s greatest living physicists. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】acknowledged##cknowledged
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他被公认为当今世界上最伟大的物理学家之一。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填动词acknowledge，与主语构成被动关系。故填acknowledged。
71. Under no c ________(状况，情况) should you lend him any money. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】circumstances

【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你无论如何都不应该借钱给保罗。“状况”是名词circumstance，under no circumstances是固定短语，意为“决不”，故填circumstances。
72. I have p ________(劝说，说服) him into making good use of his spare time to read more books. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】persuaded##ersuaded
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我已说服了他好好利用空闲时间来多读书。根据句意，首字母和汉语提示可知，应填动词persuade“劝说；说服”作谓语，与主语I是主动关系，空前有have，用现在完成时，故填persuaded。
73. I think any forms of tobacco advertising should be b ________ (禁止). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】banned##anned
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意： 我认为应该禁止任何形式的香烟广告。根据句意，首字母和汉语提示可知，空处填ban“禁止”作谓语，根据句意和should be可知，应用被动语态，故填banned。
74. In 1971, Tu You you and her team members i________ (坚持) on testing the medicine. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】insisted##nsisted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：1971年，屠呦呦和她的团队成员坚持进行药品测试。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，应填动词insist，作谓语，根据时间状语In 1971可知，应用一般过去时。故填insisted。
75. Earth’s natural resources are ________(用完，耗尽), so we shouldn’t waste them. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】running out
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：地球的自然资源正在耗尽，所以我们不应该浪费它们。分析句子，设空处应该使用动词与空前are作谓语。表示“用完，耗尽”用run out。此处表示动作正在发生，故使用现在进行。故填running out。
八．书面表达(共15分)
76. 有外国人要来中国旅游，去广州之前想了解一下广州的情况。请你根据以下内容写一篇介绍广州的短文。
名称：广州，有“花城”的美誉；
历史：2200多年，是中国古代“海上丝绸之路”的发祥地；
人口：1600多万；
面积：7434.4平方千米；
位置：濒临中国南海，毗邻香港和澳门；
特点：广州旅游资源丰富，有著名的“羊城八景”，现以其迷人的风采吸引了来自海内外的游客。
注意：词数80左右。
参考词汇：海上丝绸之路Maritime Silk Road；澳门Macao；羊城八景Yangcheng Eight Scenic Spots
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
As is well known, Guangzhou is a city of much beauty. Located in the middle of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, the capital city of Guangdong, is an ancient city with a history of over 2,200 years. It was once the birthplace of “Maritime Silk Road”.
It covers an area of 7,434 square kilometres with a population of 14 million or so. Because it is warm and flowery all the year round, Guangzhou is also called “Flowery City”. Guangzhou neighbours the South China Sea and is in close proximity to Hong Kong and Macao. Since 1982, Guangzhou has been named as one of the first historical and cultural cities. Guangzhou has rich tourist resources such as Yangcheng Eight Scenic Spots, which is attracting more and more tourists from all over the world.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文。有外国人要来中国旅游，去广州之前想了解一下广州的情况。请你根据以下内容写一篇介绍广州的短文。
【详解】1.词汇积累
位于：be located in→be situated in
被称为：called→named
丰富的：rich→abundant
吸引：attract→appeal
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It covers an area of 7,434 square kilometres with a population of 14 million or so.
拓展句：It has a population of 14 million or so, which covers an area of 7,434 square kilometres.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As is well known, Guangzhou is a city of much beauty.(运用了as引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Because it is warm and flowery all the year round, Guangzhou is also called “Flowery City”. (运用了because引导原因状语从句和过去分词作后置定语)