2022-2023学年福建省宁德市名校高一上学期期中适应性考试英语试卷（Word版含答案 ）

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保密★启用前宁德市名校2022-2023学年高一上学期期中适应性考试英  语  试  题（考试时间：120分钟  满分120分  ）温馨提示：请将全部答案填写在答题卡上。 第1部分  阅读理解 （共两节，共50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳答案。AStyle and comfortable stays don’t come at too high a price for visitors in this selection of new hostels (旅社) across Europe. You can eat, sleep and meet without it costing the earth. The Burgoyne HostelThere are 11 bedrooms with views of mighty mountains, plus sitting rooms with fires. The 1783 bar and restaurant serves great food. Late August will see a mix of agricultural shows and the Richmond Walking, 18—26 September.The Principal HostelThis is a hotel with sweeping staircases and high ceilings—but isn’t locked to its past. There’s a luxurious indoor pool and a restaurant serving British cuisine. If you’re pressed for time, there’s an exit straight on to Platform 1 of York station at the back of the hotel.The Wensleydale HostelOpened in 2019, this 17th-century inn is in a picturesque spot (风景如画的地方) in Yorkshire. It’s a labour of love for the owners Charles and Fiona Merchie who are bringing the place back to life room by room. Rented e-bikes can be delivered to the hotel. Fishing can also be arranged.The Black Swan HostelTommy Banks was the youngest British chef to win a Michelin star when he took over the kitchen inherited (继承) from his parents. What makes it unique is that it serves exceptionally good, hearty food made from produce grown in the pub’s own garden. Booking several months ahead for one of the nine bedrooms is necessary.1．Which hostel is the easiest to approach if you’re in a hurry?A．The Principal Hostel. B．The Burgoyne Hostel.C．The Wensleydale Hostel. D．The Black Swan Hostel.2．What can visitors do in both the Burgoyne Hostel and the Wensleydale Hostel?A．Ride e-bikes. B．Go fishing.C．Enjoy the view. D．Attend festivals.3．Which of the following makes the Black Swan Hostel special?A．Booking in advance. B．Homegrown food.C．Insufficient rooms. D．Inherited kitchen.BEvery Sunday morning I take a walk around a park near my home. There's a lake in one corner of the park. Each time I walk by this lake, I see the same elderly woman sitting at the water's edge with a small metal cage beside her.This Sunday, I stopped walking and went over to her. As I got closer, I realized that there were three turtles(乌龟), unhurt, slowly walking around the base of the metal cage. She had a fourth turtle on her knee that she was carefully wiping with a brush, which made me feel surprised."Hello," I said. "If you don't mind my nosiness, I'd love to know what you're doing with these turtles.""I'm cleaning off their shells," she replied."Anything on a turtle's shell weakens the turtle's ability to take in heat and blocks its ability to swim. It can also impair and weaken the shell over time."She went on, "I spend a couple of hours each Sunday morning, relaxing by this lake and helping these little guys out. It's my own strange way of making a difference.""Well then, don't you think your time could be better spent? It's a waste of time. And 99% of these turtles don't have kind people like you to help them clean off their shells. So, how exactly are your efforts here truly making a difference?"The woman smiled, then looked down at the turtle on her knee, wiped off the last piece of algae(海藻)from its shell, and said, "Sweetie, if this little guy could talk, he'd tell you I just made all the difference in the world."4．What was the writer surprised at according to Paragraph 2?A．Four turtles in the cage. B．The beautiful scenery in the park.C．A small metal cage put beside the water. D．A woman cleaning off the turtles' shells.5．What does the underlined word "impair" in Paragraph 5 probably mean?A．Make. B．Clean. C．Hurt. D．Recognize.6．Why did the author doubt the woman's efforts?A．He thought the woman's efforts were meaningless.B．There are so few turtles in the world.C．The woman didn't protect the environment.D．The woman couldn't be understood by others.7．What does the text mainly talk about?A．Taking a walk. B．The power of kindness.C．An elderly woman's job. D．Four turtles in the metal cage.CMy father worked for The New York Times. He started in the delivery department and worked his way up into accounting (会计). In the end, he was required to apply for his own accounting job and forced to retire (退休) early. His experience, working for one company his entire life, is very rare (稀少的) these days. I believe in the future, even working for just one company at any given time will be rare.The present structure of the employee-company relationship is 1-to-1. You work for one company and that company pays you. In the future the way we work and relationship structures will change. In fact, I am seeing it happening already. There are many people who are working for many companies. In most cases, the companies are not in competition, so there are no conflicts (冲突). I call this “employee sharing” or “work sharing”.The idea is similar to “time-sharing”. In the same way people time-share vacation locations, companies will soon employee share. This is not temp (临时雇员) work, but companies acquiring (获得) a share of a person’s available (可用的) hours. For example, if your company needs a marketer, you can buy a share of a marketing professional’s time during the following week or month. These professionals will provide their expert knowledge and focus in that time paid.The key is to group all of these professionals in one place, a website, where a company can go and look for experts who have time available. You also get experts from around the world, so if you need a salesperson in Milan, you can time-share with that person.Lastly, the key is to make sure there is no conflict of interest. HR (human resources) and legal departments must get experienced in this area. The benefit to the professional is working for many companies, experiences, and keeping their interest continually energized (充满活力的). The benefit for the company is you use and pay for the skills you need, when you need them.8．What do we know about the author’s father?A．He is an accountant now.B．He is highly valued by his company.C．He worked for one company his whole life.D．He did many part-time jobs to earn his living.9．What can be learnt about work sharing?A．It is a one-to-many relationship.B．It is far from similar to time-sharing.C．It will cause competition among companies.D．It is a popular working style in part-time working fields.10．How is Paragraph 3 developed?A．By describing a fact. B．By giving an example.C．By making a debate. D．By explaining cause and effect.11．What does the last paragraph suggest?A．Work sharig may cause big conflicts.B．Work sharing should be set in one place.C．Work sharing will put an end to the HR department.D．Work sharing is good for both employees and companies.DFor people suffering from depression, there’s an all-natural treatment they should use—getting more exercise. It could help fight depression, even if people have a genetic risk, new research shows.For the study, researchers collected information from nearly 8,000 people and found those with related genes were more likely to have depression over the next two years after examining them. But that was less likely for people who were more active at the study’s start, even if they had a family history of depression. Higher levels of physical activity helped protect even those with the highest genetic risk of depression.Both high-intensity (高强度) exercise and low-intensity activities were associated with a reduced risk of depression. Adding four hours of exercise a week could lower the risk of a new episode (一段经历) of depression by 17%, according to the study. “Our findings strongly suggest that, when it comes to depression, being physically active has the potential to remove the added risk of future episodes in individuals who are genetically risky,” said lead author Karmel Choi. “On average, about 35 additional minutes of physical activity each day may help people to reduce their risk and protect against future depression episodes.”Depression is a common mental illness globally, with more than 264 million people affected. “Depression is so ubiquitous, and that underlines the need for effective approaches that can impact as many people as possible,” Choi said. And mental health and primary care providers can use the findings to advise patients that there’s something meaningful they can do to lower their risk of depression.12．How did the researchers reach their conclusion?A．By analyzing a mass of data.B．By conducting genetic research.C．By comparing various levels of activity.D．By tracking the subjects for many years.13．What does the study show about depression?A．Physical activity betters medical treatment.B．Exercise is able to decrease and prevent it.C．Different levels of exercise intensity matter the same.D．Exercising 35 minutes daily is the most effective treatment.14．What does the underlined word “ubiquitous” in paragraph 4 mean?A．Harmful. B．Complex.C．Unusual. D．Common.15．What is the purpose of the text?A．To discuss a disease.                           B．To introduce a method.C．To analyze a genetic risk.                       D．To explain a phenomenon.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两项为多余选项。Ask most people which day of the week they fear the most and the answer is likely to be Monday. The first day of the working week can make us depressed. ____16____The most depressing day of the year is the third Monday in January, when it’s cold and dark outside. This day was named “Blue Monday” by psychologist Cliff Arnall. Even if there was little science behind Blue Monday, it’s probably true that the sound of our alarm clock on any Monday morning means the coming of a new working week and possibly the end of our weekend of fun. ____17____ It’s what psychologists call an emotional shift, and no other part of the week has a transition(过渡) like it.Apparently, Monday means the end of weekend lie-ins. ____18____ According to a website, “If you can’t stand your job, then the Monday blues can be very real.” And it can be especially difficult to start another seemingly endless workweek. Your case of the Mondays can have a negative impact on your performance, productivity and the people around you.____19____ Feeling a bit low shouldn’t be confused with more serious depression, caused by other factors. Claudia Hammond, an author and presenter, argues that this low feeling might be untrue. ____20____ She mentions an Australian study of how people reflected on their mood and found the day that scored the lowest was in fact Wednesdays. So, when Monday comes, maybe we should give it a second chance!A．But is Monday as bad as we like to think it is?B．What exactly makes us feel down remains unknown.C．Weekends are definitely happy days in all countries.D．That’s why the feeling is described as the Monday blues.E．There is a strong cultural idea that we don’t like Mondays.F．Our Monday mood can be based on a direct comparison to the day before.G．It’s back to the routine and the realization that there are five days of working ahead.第二部分 语言知识运用 （共2节，共30分）第一节 完形填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Friday night meant a family dinner for me at home. There would be discussions and laughter. Even so, I___21___those moments.Preparations for the dinner would begin___22___that day. As both my parents worked, sometimes I would be given instructions to___23___the chicken in the oven (烤箱) after school. I would repeat the___24___process like a cooking machine. The only___25___was my mother’s chicken soup. Once the dinner was cooking, the table would be___26___ . A white lace cloth, the good china, napkins. Though I failed to see any___27___, I had to light the candles with my mom.Years later, my father passed away, and then my mother insisted on going to live in a care home. I seemed to be totally___28___from the boring tradition, but I didn’t feel___29___ . I missed the chicken soup. Although I have her recipe, I’ve never actually___30___the soup myself. I missed the warm-lighted candles. Standing together, we’d make___31___with our hands around the lit candles, bringing the light into our hearts.That’s why I accepted___32___when my husband advised to___33___the tradition “I can help with the soup.” If there’s one thing I’ve___34___, these family traditions are really worth cherishing before they___35___, from the chicken soup recipes to lighting candles.21．A．remembered B．chose C．enjoyed D．hated22．A．early B．late C．already D．again23．A．kill B．get C．add D．count24．A．natural B．formal C．dull D．creative25．A．tradition B．comfort C．upset D．course26．A．elected B．turned C．dressed D．set27．A．point B．dishes C．food D．forks28．A．freed B．protected C．recovered D．discouraged29．A．lost B．happy C．curious D．nervous30．A．served B．stirred C．made D．poured31．A．fortunes B．efforts C．circles D．noises32．A．immediately B．generally C．widely D．regretfully33．A．throw away B．go over C．put away D．take over34．A．controlled B．forgotten C．admitted D．learned35．A．exist B．improve C．disappear D．continue语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In southern China, there is a famous road ___36___(build) across Poyang Lake, which lies in the north of Jiangxi Province, China and is known as China’s second ___37___ (large) lake. People in China also call it “the most beautiful road under the water.”This road is sure ___38___ (attract) a lot of attention towards the end of May every year. A lot of people come out of ___39___ (curious). The water level of the lake is so close to the surface of the road, ___40___ makes the view ahead broad and bright when people drive along. It’s as though they were taking a boat across the lake. The feeling is ___41___ (simple) wonderful!For the next few months, this road is not above the surface___42___under the water. When the water level of Poyang Lake starts to go up, the road surface becomes unseen. However, drivers can still drive across the lake safely ___43___ watching the guardrails(防撞护栏) fixed on either side of the road. For thrill-seeking motorists, it’s like ___44___ (drive) an amphibious(水陆两栖的) super car. Then in a few days, the entire road ___45___ (flood) with the continuously rising water. A few months later, the road will reappear.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）46．请用“中秋节的等待”为题，用英语写一篇短文，描述下面的内容，并就此发表你的评论。要求：文章必须包括描述和评论两部分；注意：1. 词数 80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节  读后续写 (满分25分)47．阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。It all began when my younger brother, Chris, and I went over to Uncle Howard’s for Thanksgiving. When we finally got to my uncle’s, Chris and I went outside to see if Uncle Howard needed help with anything. Since Chris was only nine, he got the easier job of cleaning up the watering cans. I was twelve, old enough to help load the wheelbarrow (手推车). But we still found time to ask Uncle Howard a lot of questions about turkeys. He must have been impressed, because when we were finished, he winked at my dad and handed me one turkey egg.“You kids put this under a hatching hen,” he said, “and in twenty-five days, you’ll have a fine turkey!” Chris was so excited that he nearly dropped the egg on the way home. Dad put the egg under an old hen, and every day Chris and I would check to see if it had hatched yet. Twenty-five days seemed like forever. Finally, on the twenty-sixth day, Chris and I walked into the coop (鸡舍) after school to find the old hen scratching on the floor. Behind her was one ball of fluff (绒毛), falling over its feet and looking sort of confusion. When it got older, we could tell that it was a tom. We named it Timothy. Timothy grew and grew, dashing towards the feed we threw out. He liked to wander in the woods and find tasty berries and weed seeds. Mom kept telling us not to get too attached to Timothy, because we were going to have him for Thanksgiving. But we never paid too much attention to what that really meant. Then, one day toward the end of October, Dad gave Chris and me instructions. “I want you to start giving him com (玉米) along with his regular feed,” he said. “We want a nice, thick-fleshed bird for Thanksgiving.” After Dad turned and walked away, Chris's face began to wrinkle, just as it does before he starts to cry. 注意：1．续写词数为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。I comforted Chris, saying we could hide Timothy where people couldn't find him. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________With Timothy gone, Uncle Howard provided the turkey on Thanksgiving. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________