2022-2023学年广州市花都区圆玄中学学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年广州市花都区圆玄中学学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了考试结束后，将答题卡交回等内容，欢迎下载使用。
圆玄中学2022学年第一学期高一英语期末考试
试题说明：本次英语考试满分130分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名，班级，试室号，座位号，学号等个人信息准确填涂到答题卡上相应位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。写在本试卷上答案无效。
3.回答非选择题时，必须用黑色字迹的中性笔作答。答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内的相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液、涂改带等。答案写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
School rules
All students are expected to read and learn the School Rules. These rules aim to make each student aware of the value of self-control, orderliness and the need to develop a sense of responsibility for their own behavior and for the larger community of which they are a part.
Dress regulations (规定)
The school expects its students to wear their full school uniform correctly and with pride. It is our expectation that uniform and shoes will be clean and in good repair. Boys hair should be combed and of an acceptable length (not over the collar, ears or eyes), with no artificial coloring. Girls' hair should be of a natural color. Shoulder-length hair or longer must be tied back.
Punctuality (准时), absence and illness
All students must be at school on time. If late, the student must sign in the late book in the General Office. Parents are asked to inform the school if their child is absent by 8: 30 a.m. on the day of absence. A written note from a parent explaining the absence MUST be provided to the General Office the day after return.
Should a student be ill during school hours, he is to go straight to the School Medical Center The sister will then take appropriate action.
Safety
Proper behavior is expected within and around buildings and on the sporting field at all times.
Students are not to enter laboratories, language rooms, the Technics and music rooms until invited to do so by teachers.
The riding of bicycles or skateboards is prohibited along the front drive. Students riding bicycles must wear an approved bicycle helmet.
No knives, explosives or dangerous materials may be brought into the school or boarding houses.
Students are forbidden to interfere with fire safety equipment. An automatic fine will be imposed if this occurs.
Mobile phones
Mobile phones are not to be used from 8 30 a.m. to 3: 30 p.m. At these times, phones should be switched off. If you need to make contact with parents or other significant people, please contact Reception.
1. What shall a student do if he is late?
A. Ask his parents do come to school.
B. Write a note explaining his absence.
C. Write down his name in the late book.
D. Go straight to the School Medical Center.
2. According to the School Rules , who is most likely to be fined ?
A. One who brings a knife into a boarding house.
B. One who plays with the fire safety equipment.
C. One who rides a bicycle without a bicycle helmet.
D. One who goes into a language room without permission.
3. Who is the text written for?
A. Parents. B. Students. C. Teachers. D. School administrations.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍学生必须要遵守的学校规章制度。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Punctuality(准时)，absence and illness部分“If late, the student must sign in the late book in the General Office.”（如果迟到，学生必须到综合办公室的迟到薄上签字。）可知，迟到的学生必须在迟到薄上签上名字。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Safety部分“Students are forbidden to interfere with fire safety equipment. An automatic fine will be imposed if this occurs.”（学生禁止干扰消防安全设备。如果发生，将自动处以罚款。）可知，玩消防安全设备的人将被罚款。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“All students are expected to read and learn the School Rules.”（所有学生都要阅读和学习校规）可知，所以这篇文章是写给学生的。故选B。
B
In the mid-1950s, I was a bored boy student who believed that doing any more than necessary was wasted effort. One day,this approach threw me into embarrassment.
In Mrs. Totten’s eighth-grade math class at Central Avenue School in Anderson,Indiana, we were learning to add and subtract decimals (小数加减法).
Our teacher typically assigned (布置) daily homework,which would be checked in class the following day. On most days, our grades were based on our oral answer to homework questions.
Mrs. Totten usually walked up and down the rows of desks requesting answers from student after student in the order the questions had appeared on our homework sheets. She would start either at the front or the back of the classroom and work toward the other end.
Since I was seated near the middle of about 35 students, it was easy to figure out which questions I might have to answer. This particular time, I had completed my usual two or three problems according to my calculations (计算).
However, what I failed to expect was that several students were absent. As Mrs. Totten made her way from the beginning of the class, I tried my best to think of and decide which math problem I would get. I tried to work it out before she got to me. but my brain couldn’t function at that moment.
When Mrs. Totten reached my desk, she asked what answer I’d got for problem No.14. “I...I didn’t get anything,” I answered, and my face burned with shame.
I thought a lot after class that day. Till now, I still remember what happened in that math class. If I could choose one school day that taught me the most, it would be that one.
4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. The author thought making an effort was important.
B. Mrs. Totten asked students to grade their homework themselves.
C. The author thought doing the necessary was enough.
D. The students were asked to answer homework questions together.
5. The author could work out which questions to answer since the teacher always ________.
A. requested her students to finish their usual questions
B. walked up and down when asking questions
C. chose two or three questions for the students
D. asked questions in a way that the author was familiar with
6. The author failed to get the questions he had expected because________.
A. several students didn’t come to school
B the class didn’t begin as usual
C. Mrs. Totten didn’t start from the back of the class
D. he suffered from a serious disease
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. A Creative Student B. An Unforgettable Teacher
C. A Valuable Lesson D. An Effective Approach
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在八年级时，摸清老师提问规律，只做老师提问自己的几道题，终究因有同学缺课而无法确定自己要回答哪个题，而尴尬地面对老师，这节课给作者一次有价值的教训，也让作者明白了许多道理。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“In the mid-1950s, I was a bored boy student who believed that doing any more than necessary was wasted effort. (在20世纪50年代中期，我还是一个无聊的男生，认为做任何不必要的事情都是白费力气。)”可知，作者当年认为做必要的事就足够了。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段中的“Mrs. Totten usually walked up and down the rows of desks requesting answers from student after student in the order the questions had appeared on our homework sheets. (托顿夫人经常在一排排的课桌前走来走去，按照作业纸上的问题出现的顺序一个接一个地要求学生回答问题。)”和第五段中的“Since I was seated near the middle of about 35 students, it was easy to figure out which questions I might have to answer. (因为我坐在大约35个学生中间，所以很容易弄清楚我可能要回答哪些问题。)”可知，因为老师总是有规律的提问，坐在中间位置的作者已经摸清老师的提问规律，提前确定自己要回答作业纸上的哪些问题。因为老师总是用自己熟悉的方式提问，所以作者可以想出该回答哪些问题。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。由第六段中的“However, what I failed to expect was that several students were absent.As Mrs. Totten made her way from the beginning of the class, I tried my best to think of and decide which math problem I would get. I tried to work it out before she got to me. but my brain couldn’t function at that moment. (然而，我没有想到的是有几个学生缺席了。当托顿夫人从这堂课开始时一路走过来，我尽我最大的努力去思考和决定我要做哪道数学题。我想在她找到我之前解决问题。但那一刻我的大脑无法运转。)”和第七段“When Mrs. Totten reached my desk, she asked what answer I’d got for problem No.14. ‘I…I didn’t get anything,’ I answered, and my face burned with shame. (托顿夫人走到我的桌前，问我第14题的答案是什么。‘我……我不知道，’我回答，我的脸因羞愧而发红。)”可知，因为那天有几个学生没来上学，破坏了回答问题的顺序，作者就没有回答出问题。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“I thought a lot after class that day. Till now, I still remember what happened in that math class. If I could choose one school day that taught me the most, it would be that one. (那天下课后我想了很多。直到现在。我还记得数学课上发生的事。如果我可以选择一个让我学到最多东西的一天，那一定是那一天。)”可知，文章讲述了作者八年级时，认为做任何不必要的事情都是白费力气，还摸熟了老师提问的规律，只做几道老师会提问到自己的问题，但因为那一天有几个学生没来上学，破坏了回答问题的顺序，作者就没有回答出问题。那堂数学课上所发生的尴尬的事情，给作者一次有价值的教训，也让作者明白了许多道理。由此可知，D项“A Valuable Lesson (宝贵的教训)”适合做本文最佳标题。故选D项。
C
Welcome to Germany’s largest theme park! In an area covering 68 hectares, visitors to Europe Park can experience the architecture, plants and culture of 12 European countries.

Set in various themed areas, the popular leisure(休闲)park provides over 100 attractions and wonderful shows. Visitors can take a leisure walk through Italy, France, Spain, Portugal and Scandinavia in one afternoon!
Visitors can experience the rush of our high speed roller coasters, watch various acrobatic(杂技的) shows in our international programs, get lost in the underwater world from their seat in the 4D cinema, or experience many of our spectacular attractions. You are sure to make a lasting impression on your children and family.
Deep below the Greek Village, Atlantis Adventure, an interactive theme ride for the whole family, is waiting for all brave hunters. Visitors can get to the bottom of one of the world’s great mysteries in vehicles which can rotate 360°. Trying to reveal the myth of Atlantis, this adventure takes the visitors past extraordinary scenes with amazingly-beautiful coral reefs, sunken ships and groups of colourful fish. Be fascinated by the amazing animation (动画)and computer technology used in this fantastic ride! Children 8 years of age and under must be accompanied by an adult.
8. What can people do in European Park?
A. Riding in 12 European countries.
B. Playing underwater with children.
C. Watching various acrobatic shows.
D. Hunting for treasures in sunken ships.
9. How can visitors experience an underwater adventure?
A. By join in international programs.
B. By taking an interactive theme ride.
C. By walking through the Greek Village.
D. By watching fantastic shows in 4D cinemas.
10. What does the underlined word “rotate” mean?
A. Jump off.
B. Get away.
C. Pull over.
D. Turn around.
11. What is the author’s purpose of writing the text?
A. To inform the public of a family—friendly park.
B. To introduce the largest theme park in the world.
C. To persuade more people to pay a visit to Germany.
D. To explain why theme parks are popular with children.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。通过描述德国最大的主题公园，向我们介绍了公园里面一些比较有名并且吸引人的游乐设施与景点，游客们可以从中体会到不同的乐趣，同时我们也可以看出这是一家适合家庭游乐的公园，值得去欣赏与体验。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Visitors can experience the rush of our high speed roller coasters, watch various acrobatic shows in our international programs”游客们可以体验我们的高速过山车，还可以观看各种各样的杂技表演。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Atlantis Adventure, an interactive theme ride for the whole family, is waiting for all brave hunters”亚特兰蒂斯冒险，是为整个家庭准备的一个互动性的主题之旅，等待着所有勇敢的猎人 。故选B。
【10题详解】
词意猜测题。根据“Visitors can get to the bottom of one of the world’s great mysteries in vehicles which can rotate 360°”可知，要想猜测出rotate的意思，需要联系后面的360°。由题目选项可知：A跳下，B离开，C靠边停车，D旋转，从这句话中可看出与360°有关的只有D旋转，游客们可以在世界上最大的谜团之一的底部找到可以旋转360°的车辆。故选D。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据“You are sure to make a lasting impression on your children and family”到这个公园游玩一定会给你的孩子和你的家庭留下长久的印象，可以看出作者是在向公众介绍一个适合增强家庭友好类型的公园。故选A。
D
If you thought running was just great for the body, then think again. Scientists have found that the sport not only keeps people fit but also improves your brain power (脑力).
The research found that people who keep fit are more likely to have larger brains, better memories and clearer thinking. They also found that unfit people tended to have smaller brains and reduced cognitive skills. The findings add to a growing body of evidence which links exercise with helping protect the brain against ageing (老化) and also helping it replace dying cells (死细胞). This might reduce the risk of many illnesses and diseases such as Alzheimer’s.
One research paper within its latest issue sees scientists at Kentucky University putting 30 adults aged 59 — 69 on a treadmill (跑步机). Their heart and lung capacity was measured and an MRI scanner was used to assess the blood flow to their brains. Those who were less fit had smaller brains compared to the fitter volunteers who had larger brains. Scientists in Germany followed 21 adults aged between 60 — 77. As they went through a three-month fitness program, they saw improvements in their memory.
Researchers are not yet sure why exercise helps to protect brain cells but some research in mice has produced results. Mice, examined at the National Institute on Ageing, in Baltimore, found that cells in the hippocampus (海马体), an area of the brain used for memory, were actively reproducing while their fatter peers were in decline.
Linda Clare, professor of clinical psychology of ageing and dementia at Exeter University and a member of the Global Council on Brain Health told The Sunday Times: “Moderate intensity aerobic (有氧的) activity such as walking, cycling or running can produce changes in brain structure and function.”
12. Who tend to have larger brains, better memories and clearer thinking?
A. People who are healthy. B. People who are thin.
C. People who are unhealthy. D. People who are fat.
13. What do we learn from the experiment in paragraph 3?
A. Those who were less fit had larger brains.
B. Those who were fitter had smaller brains.
C. Exercise helps people improve their memory.
D. Old people doing exercise improve memory better than young people.
14. Accord to Linda Clare, what kind of activity can NOT produce changes in brain structure and function?
A. Walking. B. Singing.
C. Cycling. D. Running.
15. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To tell you sport improves your brain power.
B. To introduce some good ways to keep healthy.
C. To teach you how to best spend time in doing sports.
D. To introduce several ways to improve your memory.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了运动不仅可以让人保持健康，还可以提高人们的脑力。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The research found that people who keep fit are more likely to have larger brains, better memories and clearer thinking.(研究发现，保持健康的人更有可能拥有更大的大脑、更好的记忆力和更清晰的思维)”可知，健康的人可能拥有更大的大脑、更好的记忆力和更清晰的思维。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“As they went through a three-month fitness program, they saw improvements in their memory.(当他们进行为期三个月的健身计划时，他们的记忆力有所改善)”可知，从实验中可以得知，锻炼有助于人们提高记忆力。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Moderate intensity aerobic activity such as walking, cycling or running can produce changes in brain structure and function.(中等强度有氧运动，如步行、骑自行车或跑步，可以改变大脑结构和功能)”可知，步行、骑自行车或跑步可以改变大脑结构和功能，没有提及唱歌。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Scientists have found that the sport not only keeps people fit but also improves your brain power.(科学家已经发现，这项运动不仅能让人保持健康，还能提高你的脑力)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了运动不仅可以让人保持健康，还可以提高人们的脑力，作者写作的目的是告诉你，运动可以提高你的脑力。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Swim safely!
Swimming is great exercise, and a trip to a pool or beach is a good way to have fun with friends in summer. ____16____, so it’s important to stay safe as you do it. Here are a few things you can do to swim safely.
____17____. Don’t swim unless there is a life guard at work. If you’re on a beach near the ocean, this is especially. In some places fast-flowing water can move swimmers away without warning. So if a sign says “no swimming”, pay attention to it.
Be careful when diving（跳入）into the water headfirst. ____18____. In natural water, don’t dive unless you know that the water is deep enough. Or you could hurt your head on the bottom, causing injury or death.
Around water, adults should watch children at all times to make sure they are safe. Those who don’t know how to swim should wear life jackets. But by themselves they are not enough, so an adult should always be present. If you have to rescue a child from drowning（淹）,a few seconds can make a big difference.
Make sure you have a friend with you whenever you swim. ____19____, that person can make sure you get help.
Drink a lot water. The sun’s heat and the physical activity may make you sweat（出汗）more than you realize.
By following these simple rules, you can make sure your swim time is safe as well as fun. ____20____!
A. That way if something goes wrong
B. Now get out there, and enjoy the water
C. Swim only in areas set apart for swimming
D. Make sure everyone in your family swim well
E. But sometimes swimming can also be very dangerous
F. Most pools have marked deep ends where diving is safe
G. Many children who drown in home pools were out of sight within minutes
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. F 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文属于说明文，游泳是一种很好的运动，不过需要注意安全，文中列举了一些安全游泳的措施。
【16题详解】
根据后一句so it’s important to stay safe as you do it可知，游泳的时候保证安全很重要，E选项，游泳有时候存在危险，与后一句属于因果关系，切题，故选E。
【17题详解】
本段主要讲述游泳的时候确保救生员在旁边，注意游泳的警示标志，因此可知本段讲述游泳的区域很重要，故C选项切题，选C。
【18题详解】
本段主要讲述游泳时跳水的注意事项，以及后一句In natural water, don’t dive unless you know that the water is deep enough.可知，在不同环境下，跳水的注意事项，故F选项，能够安全跳水的区域，游泳池标志较深的那段，故F切题，选F。
【19题详解】
根据前一句Make sure you have a friend with you whenever you swim.以及后一句that person can make sure you get help.可知，本段主要讲述游泳的时候要有一个朋友在旁边，后一句就是阐述这样做的原因，万一出现情况，可以及时获得帮助，故A选项切题，选A。
【20题详解】
根据前一句By following these simple rules, you can make sure your swim time is safe as well as fun.可知，注意上述的事项，就可以确保游泳高兴又安全，这样做的话，就可以安心游泳了，B选项切题，故选B。
【点睛】七选五做题步骤。先确定出题的位置；读题干，再读需要填入句子的上下句，画出关键词；读文章各段落，确定段落中心句和文章主题句；通读文章确定上下句和选项之间的逻辑关系。
若空格位置设在段首，则需要：1）查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。2）锁定关键词，然后在并列、转折、因果等选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。
比如小题3，本段主要讲述游泳时跳水的注意事项，以及后一句In natural water, don’t dive unless you know that the water is deep enough.可知，在不同环境下，跳水的注意事项，故F选项
第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I’ve been taking a bus to school for years. I found that most passengers keep to themselves and no one ever has a ____21____ with anyone else.
About a year ago, an elderly man entered and said ____22____ to the driver, “Good morning!” Most people looked up, surprised and ____23____, while the bus driver took it for granted and ____24____ responded with a grunt (哼声). The next day the man ____25____ and again he said in a loud voice, “Good morning!” to the driver. Another grunt. By the fifth day, the driver finally agreed to accept the elderly man and greeted him with a little cheerful “Good morning!” Then the man ____26____, “My name is Benny.” The driver told the man he was Ralph.
That was the first time any of us heard the driver’s name and soon people began to talk to each other and say hello to Ralph and Benny. Soon Benny ____27____his cheerful “Good morning!” to the whole bus. Within a few days, his “Good morning!” was returned by a whole bunch of “Good mornings” and the entire bus seemed to be more ____28____. People got to know each other.
“If a ____29____ is someone who makes something happen, Benny was the one who took a lead in showing friendship ____30____ us,” I thought.
A month ago, something ____31____ happened and Benny didn’t turn up in the bus. Everyone began to ____32____ about Benny and lots of people said he may have passed away. No one knew what to do and the bus got ____33____ again. So last week, I started to act like Benny and say “Good morning!” to everyone and the whole bus cheered up again. I guessed I was the leader now. ____34____ Benny could come back to see what he had started really ____35____ a lot.
21. A. competition B. cooperation C. discussion D. conversation
22. A. loudly B. deeply C. secretly D. safely
23. A. encouraged B. confused C. admired D. calmed
24. A. freely B. finally C. simply D. clearly
25. A. sat down B. looked around C. stood up D. got on
26. A. agreed B. persuaded C. said D. wondered
27. A. wished B. introduced C. challenged D. spread
28. A. confident B. friendly C. noisy D. crowded
29. A. foreigner B. passenger C. driver D. leader
30. A. above B. behind C. among D. including
31. A. unexpected B. uncontrolled C. unaccepted D. unchanged
32. A. complain B. ask C. argue D. advise
33. A. quiet B. open C. broken D. slow
34. A. Obviously B. Hopefully C. Importantly D. Fortunately
35. A. needed B. wasted C. covered D. mattered
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了他乘坐的公交车大多数乘客都独来独往，彼此都不交谈，直到老人Benny的出现。他的“早上好！”使得司机和乘客开始互相交谈，人们互相认识了。尽管后面Benny再没出现，但他的带动使作者成为了说“早上好！”的接替人。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现大多数乘客都是独来独往，没有人跟别人交谈过。A. competition竞争，比赛；B. cooperation合作；C. discussion讨论；D. conversation会话，交谈。根据下文“Most people looked up”和“and soon people began to talk to each other”可知，乘客的反应说明了之前多数乘客都是独来独往，没有人跟别人交谈过。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：大约一年前，一位老人走上来，大声对司机说“早上好！”A. loudly大声地，响亮地；B. deeply深深地；C. secretly秘密地；D. safely安全地。根据下文“The next day the man__5__ and again he said in a loud voice”可知，老人是大声地对司机说“早上好！”。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数人都抬起头来，既惊讶又困惑，而公交车司机则认为这是理所当然的，只是咕哝了一声。A. encouraged被鼓励的；B. confused困惑的；C. admired被赞美的，被钦佩的；D. calmed平静的。根据“Most people looked up, surprised”可知，大多数人都抬起头来，对老人的行为感到既惊讶又困惑。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：大多数人都抬起头来，既惊讶又困惑，而公交车司机则认为这是理所当然的，只是咕哝了一声。A. freely自由地，免费地；B. finally最终；C. simply简单地，仅仅，只是；D. clearly清楚地。根据“while the bus driver took it for granted”可知，公交车司机则认为这是理所当然的，只是咕哝了一声作为对老人的回应。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：第二天，那个老人上了车，再次大声地对司机说：“早上好！”A. sat down坐下，扎营；B. looked around到处寻找，环顾，游览；C. stood up站起来；D. got on上车，进展。根据上文“an elderly man entered”可知，第二天，那个老人也上了车。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后那个老人说“我叫Benny。”A. agreed同意；B. persuaded劝服；C. said说；D. wondered想知道，怀疑。根据““My name is Benny.””可知，老人对司机说出了自己的名字。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，Benny把他欢快的“早上好！”传遍了全车。A. wished希望；B. introduced介绍；C. challenged发出挑战，提出质疑；D. spread传播，散布，伸展。根据下文“Within a few days, his “Good morning!” was returned by a whole bunch of “Good mornings””可知，Benny的“早上好！”传遍了全车。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几天之内，他的“早上好！”收到了大家一连串 “早上好！”的回应，整辆车似乎都友好多了。A. confident自信的；B. friendly友好的；C. noisy吵闹的，嘈杂的；D. crowded拥挤的。根据下文“People got to know each other.”可知，整辆车的氛围似乎都友好多了。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想“如果领导者是能让某个事情发生的人，那么Benny就是带头在我们之间展示友谊的人。”A. foreigner外国人；B. passenger过路人，乘客；C. driver司机；D. leader领导者。根据“Benny was the one who took a lead in showing friendship___10___us”可知，作者认为Benny是一个领导者。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我想“如果领导者是能让事情发生的人，那么Benny就是带头在我们之间展示友谊的人。”A. above超过，高于，在……上面；B. behind在……的后面，幕后；C. among在……之中，在……中间；D. including包括。根据“us”和上文“People got to know each other.”可知，Benny是带头在作者他们这些乘客之间展示友谊的人。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个月前，发生了一件意想不到的事，Benny 没有在车上出现。A. unexpected意外的，想不到的；B. uncontrolled不受控制的；C. unaccepted未被接纳的，被拒绝的；D. unchanged未改变的。根据下文“Benny didn’t turn up in the bus”可知，Benny没有在车上出现，这是一件意想不到的事。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人都开始问Benny的事，很多人说他可能已经去世了。A. complain投诉，抱怨；B. ask询问，要求；C. argue争论；D. advise建议。根据下文“and lots of people said he may have passed away”可知，没见到Benny，因此每个人都开始问Benny的事。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没人知道该怎么办，汽车又安静下来了。A. quiet安静的；B. open敞开的，公开的；C. broken坏的；D. slow缓慢的。根据“No one knew what to do”可知，Benny不在车上，没人带头说“早上好！”了，没人知道这种情况该怎么办，因此汽车又安静下来了。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：希望Benny能回来看看他所开始的事情真的很重要。A. Obviously明显地，显然地；B. Hopefully有希望地；C. Importantly重要地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据下文“Benny could come back to see”可知，作者希望Benny能回公交车看看。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：希望Benny能回来看看他所开始的事情真的很重要。A. needed需要；B. wasted浪费；C. covered覆盖，包括；D. mattered重要，要紧，有关系。根据上文“I started to act like Benny and say “Good morning!” to everyone and the whole bus cheered up again”可知，Benny所开始的事情真的很重要，在他的影响下作者也开始主动和乘客打招呼，故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Have you ever been to London? Which famous sites did you visit? Or, if it is the first time that you ___36___(be) there, which one will you check out?
Some world famous ___37___(culture) sites may already be on your list: Buckingham Palace, Big Ben and the London Tower. However, a tour of London would be incomplete ___38___ checking out the London art scene. As a guidebook London’s Secrets: Museums & Galleries put it, London’s art is a lot like ___39___ city itself — “diverse, vast, and in a constant state of changes. From old masters to street art and everything in between, London has it all.”
In fact, according to The Telegraph, museums and galleries were the most ___40___(visit) attractions in Britain last year. The British Museum, ___41___ celebrated its 225th anniversary this year, had the most visitors, at 6,701,036.
According to The Art Newspaper, the British Museum’s increased ___42___(popular) is down to its exhibitions, particularly its Life and Death in Pompeii and Herculaneum show ( March-September 2017 ).
There are more than 7 million artifacts(文物) in the British Museum. Not all of them are on display, but much of the collection ___43___(constant) rotates(轮换), so you’ll see something new with each visit. So,___44___ you’re an art lover or just looking for a fun time, you’re sure ___45___(find) inspiration in London.
【答案】36. have been
37 cultural
38. without
39. the 40. visited
41. which 42. popularity
43. constantly
44. whether
45. to find
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文作者说明了伦敦之旅如果没有去伦敦的艺术现场将会变得不完整，并且作者对伦敦博物馆和艺术馆进行了介绍。
【36题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：或者，如果这是你第一次去那里，你会去看哪一个？This/That/It is/was＋the＋序数词＋名词＋从句，为固定句型，表示“第几次做……”，从句中的时态要用完成时态；如前为is，则用现在完成时，如为was则用过去完成时，此处应用现在完成时，主语是you，故填have been。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一些世界著名的文化景点可能已经在你的名单上: 白金汉宫、大本钟和伦敦塔。修饰名词sites，用形容词cultural，故填cultural。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，伦敦之旅没有去伦敦的艺术现场将会变得不完整。表示“没有……”，所以用without。故填without。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：正如一本名为《伦敦的秘密: 博物馆和画廊》的指南所说，伦敦的艺术与城市本身非常相似——“多样化、广阔，并且处于不断变化的状态。此处特指“这座城市”，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，据英国《每日电讯报》报道，博物馆和美术馆是去年英国最受欢迎的景点。空处在句中作定语，修饰名词attractions，且“旅行胜地”和“参观”之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词，故填visited。
【41题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：今年是大英博物馆成立225周年，参观人数最多，为6701036人。“___6___ celebrated its 225th anniversary this year”是非限制性定语从句，修饰The British Museum，且关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故填which。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：据《艺术报》报道，大英博物馆之所以越来越受欢迎，是因为它的展览，尤其是2017年3月至9月在庞贝和赫库兰尼姆举办的展览。作句子主语，用名词，所以用名词popularity，为不可数名词，故填popularity。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：大英博物馆里有七百多万件文物。并不是所有的展品都会展出，但是大部分的收藏品都会不断轮换，所以每次访问都会看到一些新的东西。修饰动词rotates，用副词，故填constantly。
【44题详解】
考查固定用法。句意：所以无论你是一名艺术爱好者还是出于娱乐目的而观赏，你一定会在伦敦找到灵感。Whether… or…是…还是…，是固定用法，故填whether。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：所以无论你是一名艺术爱好者还是出于娱乐目的而观赏，你一定会在伦敦找到灵感。be sure to do一定做某事；确定做，是固定句型，故填to find。
【点睛】小题5考查过去分词的用法。现将过去分词的用法总结如下：过去分词是非谓语动词一种重要形式，它在句中可作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。
一、过去分词作定语。
1.过去分词作定语,作用相当于一个定语从句.如: What's the language spoken (= that is spoken)in that area?那个地区讲的是什么语言?
2.过去分词短语还可以作非限制性定语,作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句，如: The book, written ( = which was written) in 1957, tells the struggle of the miners.这本书是1957年写的,讲的是关于矿工斗争的故事.
3.单个过去分词作定语常放在所修饰的名词之前,也可放在其后.如: They decided to change the used material.他们决定改变所用材料.
4.过去分词常表示动作发生的时间早于谓语动词,或者没有时间性,只表示被动关系.如: The question discussed is very important.被讨论过的问题是很重要的.(既表被动又表完成) I don't like to see letters written in pencil.我不喜欢看用铅笔写的信.(没有一定的时间性,只表被动)
5.注意过去分词与其它非谓语形式作定语的区别:现在分词(doing)作定语,表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作;现在分词的被动语态(being done)表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作;不定式(to do)作定语表示一个将要发生的动作.如: The meeting being held(which is being held) now is very important.正在召开的这个会议很重要.
二、过去分词作状语。
1.作原因状语. 相当于as, since, because引导的从句,这类状语多放在句子前半部分.如: Given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid. (Since/ As she was given by the famous detective...)有了著名的侦探的指点,姑娘不再害怕了.
2.作时间状语. 相当于when引导的状语从句.如果两个动作同时发生,可在分词前用when, while等使其时间意义更明确.如: When heated, water can be changed into steam.水加热后可以变成蒸汽. 注意:作时间状语时,过去分词如果同时表被动和动作完成,常可换用现在分词的被动完成式;过去分词如果只表被动,不表完成,则不可与现在分词的被动完成式换用.如: Discussed(Having been discussed) many times, the problems were settled at last.在讨论了多次之后,问题终于解决了.(过去分词既表被动又表完成) Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.从山上看这个公园非常漂亮.(过去分词只表被动)
3.作条件和假设状语. 相当于if, unless引导的从句.如: Given more attention(If they had been given more attention), the cabbages could have grown better.如果再精心一些,这些大白菜还可以长得更好.
4.作方式或伴随情况状语. The hunter left his house , followed by his dog.猎人离开了屋子,后面跟着他的狗. 作状语表示方式或伴随情况时,过去分词可用并列句代替.如: The hunter left his house, followed by his dog. (= He was followed by the dog. )
5.用分词短语作状语时,它逻辑上的主语要与句子的主语保持一致,否则分词短语就要有自己的逻辑主语(用名词或代词的主格来表示).这种结构称为独立主格结构. All our savings gone,we started looking for jobs.积蓄全部用完了,我们就开始找工作.(All our savings gone是过去分词的独立主格结构) 。
第三部分写作
第一节单词拼写(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
根据所给的中文提示，填写适当的单词。将每一题的答案写在答题卷相应的横线上。
46. Schools need _________ (志愿者) to teach children to read.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】volunteers
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。分析句子可知，此处为名词作宾语，根据汉语提示，“志愿者”用可数名词volunteer，可数名词若为单数，前面需要有限定词，此空前没有任何限定词，所以应使用复数。故填volunteers。
47. This weekend, I will go _________ (远足) with my colleagues. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】hiking
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：这周末，我打算和我的同事外出远足旅行。根据汉语提示“远足”，以及空格前的go可知，该处应填写动词的动名词形式，构成go doing惯用搭配，表示“去进行某项活动”，故填hiking。
48. He deals with the problem in a highly________(专业的) way. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】professional
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他以高度专业的方式处理这个问题。根据汉语提示“专业的”，可知应填形容词professional，作定语修饰名词way。故填professional。
49. People who ran from the war were living in a homeless _________ (遮蔽处). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】shelter
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：从战争中跑出来的人都住在一个收容所。分析句子可知，homeless为形容词，所以此处为名词，“遮蔽处”应为shelter，且空前有不定冠词a，所以使用单数。故填shelter。
50. Since “life is a stage”, we are _________ (事实上) all actors and actresses. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】actually
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：因为“人生是舞台”，我们其实都是演员。根据句子结构以及中文提示可知，空格前有be动词are，后面有all形容词因此填空处需要副词进行修饰，中文“事实上”对应的单词是“actually”。故填actually。
51 Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his _______(失败). （根据汉语意思单词拼写）
【答案】failure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从失败中学习。根据汉语提示“失败”，以及上文形容词性物主代词his可知此处应填名词作介词宾语。failure“失败”，根据句意，用作不可数名词。故填failure。
52. They insisted that I_________ (发表) a speech at the meeting. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】deliver##should deliver
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟。句意：他们坚持要我在会上发表演讲。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据汉语提示，“发表”应为deliver，insist意思是“坚持主张，坚持要求”时，从句中的谓语动词应用“should+动词原形”，而且should可以省略。故填deliver/should deliver。
53. The scenery was so beautiful that it was almost beyond ________ (描述). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】description
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：风景如此美丽，几乎无法形容。分析句子可知，设空处应填名词构成短语，与介词beyond构成介宾结构。describe“描述”的名词形式为description，beyond description意思为“无法描述”。故填description。
54. The endangered species are under _________ (威胁) due to overhunting. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】threat
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：由于过度狩猎，濒危物种正受到威胁。空格处用名词作宾语，“威胁”的名词是threat，是不可数名词，be under threat是固定短语，意为“受到威胁”，故填threat。
55. He_________ (埋) his face in his hands and wept. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】buried
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他掩面而哭。分析句子可知此处应为谓语动词，根据提示的汉语，表示“埋”应为bury，与and后的wept为并列关系，所以使用一般过去时态，且与主语之间为主动关系。故填buried。
第二节完成句子(每空1分，满分15分)
请根据所提供的汉语句子意思完成下列句子，每空只填一个单词。
56. 不到一分钟，这个大城市处于一片废墟。
In less than one minute, the large city lay ________ ________.
【答案】 ①. in ②. ruins
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“处于一片废墟、成为废墟”短语为lie in ruins。故填in ruins。
57. John那时总是在教室激起矛盾。
John was always ________ ________ troubles in class.
【答案】 ①. stirring ②. up
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据always用于进行时态表示“抱怨，不满或者赞赏”的情绪，并结合句意可知，此处应为现在分词形式与was构成进行时态，根据句意，表示“激起”的英文应为stir up。故填①stirring②up。
58. 追溯到汉代，中国书法是中国文化很重要的一部分。
________ ________ to Han Dynasty, Chinese calligraphy is an important part of Chinese culture.
【答案】 ①. Dating ②. back
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词。表示“追溯到”应用短语date back to。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，主语Chinese calligraphy与date back to是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。故填Dating back。
59. 她要求不被打扰，但是摄影记者到处跟着她。
She has asked to be ________ ________ but the press photographers follow her everywhere.
【答案】 ①. left ②. alone
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意可知，此处为不定式的被动形式，“不打扰”应为leave alone，且与主语之间为被动关系，所以leave使用过去分词形式。故填①left②alone。
60. 和他的旧房子相比，麦克的新房子像个大宫殿。
Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, ________ ________ his old one.
【答案】 ①. compared ②. with
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“和……相比”，是固定短语compare with，句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，Michael’s new house和compare之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词compared表被动，作状语，故填compared，with。
61. 汶川大地震导致了人民生命和财产巨大损失。
A big earthquake hit Wenchuan, ________ ________ great loss in people’s prosperity and lives.
【答案】 ①. leading ②. to
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应为分词短语作结果状语，结合句意，表示“导致”应为lead to，与句子主语之间为主动关系，且与谓语动词同时发生，所以使用现在分词形式。故填①leading②to。
62. 我们应该认真学习，不要沉迷于手机。
We should focus ________our study and try not to be ________ ________mobile phone.
【答案】 ①. on ②. addicted ③. to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词和形容词短语。根据句意可知，表示“认真”应为focus on，所以第一空填介词on，表示“沉迷于”应为addicted to，addicted在句中作表语，所以，第二空和第三空分别填addicted和to。故填①on②addicted③to。
第三节应用文写作(满分25分)
63. 假如你是李华，你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以How to Learn English Well为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1.学习英语的重要性;
2.提出学习建议。
注意：
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear teachers and classmates:
I feel truly honored to stand here and share with you my views on English learning.
As one of the most widely used languages, English dominates many areas, including international trades, multicultural exchanges and political cooperation. Therefore, Great importance should be attached to English learning. When it comes to English learning, two ways are acknowledged as effective. First and foremost, listen to the English tapes and read aloud simultaneously. In this way, not only will your listening comprehension improve over time, but you can also have a great command of numerous English expressions. In addition, keep an English diary.
Now, it is high time that we spared no efforts to learn English!
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生谈论英语学习的重要性，并给出一些英语学习的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
掌握：have a great command of→grasp/master

因此：therefore→hence
涉及：when it comes to→refer to
努力做某事：try one’s best to do sth→spare no efforts to do sth
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In addition, keep an English diary.
拓展句：In addition, keep an English diary, which allows you to put what you have learnt into practice.
【点睛】[高分句型1] In this way, not only will your listening comprehension improve over time, but you can also have a great command of numerous English expressions. (运用了部分倒装结构)
[高分句型2] Now, it is high time that we spared no efforts to learn English! (运用了虚拟语气)