2022-2023学年福建省福州第四中学高一上学期第二学段模块检测英语试题（解析版）

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福州四中2022-2023学年第一学期第二学段模块检测试卷
高一英语(B1U4-U5 B2U1-U2)
第一部分听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 5 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When does the train leave?
A. At 4:00. B. At 3:30. C.At 3:00.
2 How does the man probably feel now?
A. Thirsty. B. Surprised C. Hungry.
3. What will the woman probably do?
A.Use the man’s car tomorrow. B. Try to borrow Mike’s car. C.Try to borrow Jenny’s car.
4. What’s the weather like now?
A.Cloudy. B.Fine. C.Rainy. 5.What’s the date today?
A. July 7th. B. July 6th. C.July 5th.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1. 5 分，满分 22. 5 分)
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. Who is the woman complaining about?
A.Her boss. B. Her husband. C. Her friend.
7. What is the man’s advice?
A. Finishing her job earlier.
B. Leaving part of the task to others.
C. Asking others for help.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What happened to the woman?
A.She couldn’t cross a busy street.
B. She got into a moving taxi.
C. She got hurt by a taxi.
9. Where are the two speakers?
A. In the hospital.
B. In the street.
C. In a police station.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. How many daughters does Mr. Lee have?
A One. B. Two. C.Three.
11.What are the two speakers talking about?
A. Preparing for a party.
B. Moving to a new house.
C Welcoming the new neighbors.
12. What will the woman do later?
A. Clean the neighbors’ house.
B. Make iced tea for the neighbors.
C. Help the neighbors carry things.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. Where do you think the dialogue takes place?
A. In the chemistry lab.
B. In the sound lab.
C. In the classroom.
14. What should be done there?
A. Put on the earphones as soon as coming to the lab.
B. Take the parts off if there is anything wrong with the machine.
C. Follow the instructions and take care of everything.
15.What is the relationship between the two speakers?
A. Teacher and student.
B. Mother and son.
C. Friends.
16. What should the man be allowed to do when to leave?
A. Put up his hand.
B. Let his teacher know.
C. Make sure that everything is in order.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17.Who are Susan Rabin and Anna Ford?
A. The most popular film stars.
B. The best actresses.
C. Women news announcers.
18. When did Anna begin her job on Independent Television?
A This year.
B. Last year.
C. Three years ago.
19. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The two most famous faces in Britain today belong to two women.
B. Most news announcers in Britain are women.
C. Anna reads ten o’clock news on BBC television.
20. How can we know that Anna’s first appearance on TV was also a big attraction?
A. People like news announcers.
B. The number of viewers of the program increased a lot.
C. Their programs are very interesting.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Considering the fast-changing world, it’s great to know the possible job options in the future. The occupations below are probably some of the most promising future careers.
Personal education guide
Compared with online programs today, education could better meet individual needs, even with improved convenience. Like an adviser, a personal education guide may assist people with on-demand course selection or the planning of personalized training.
Individualized body part maker
Doctors may expect individualized organs grown or 3D printed using their patients’ own cells. After all, scientists’ creation of hearts, kidneys, and livers has already had some success in the labs. Even external body parts including skin and ears have been grown.
Pharmaceutical artisan (制药师)
The increasing popularity of 3D printing may enable the quick production of the medicine based on individual needs. It’s possible that artisanal drugs would be created according to one’s unique genes, habits, and medical history.
Brain implant specialist
We are making greater progress in understanding how the complex human brain works, so it’s highly possible that we would create something amazing by combining the rapid advances in neuroscience (神经科学) with the advantages of computer technology. In the future, one can have a specialized computer chip put into his brain to treat certain health issues, such as diseases, mood disorders, and paralysis.
1. Who can help in a personalized course selection?
A. An individualized body part maker. B. A brain implant specialist.
C. A personal education guide. D. A pharmaceutical artisan.
2. What do brain implant specialists mainly do?
A. Improve human intelligence.
B. Change how the brain works.
C. Develop medicine for brain diseases.
D. Apply computer technology to brain health.
3. Which is the common feature of the four jobs?
A. Online work. B. Personalized service.
C. Artificial technology. D. Medical knowledge.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个可能是最有前途的职业。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Personal education guide下的“Like an adviser, a personal education guide may assist people with on-demand course selection or the planning of personalized training.（像顾问一样，个人教育指南可以帮助人们按需选择课程或制定个性化培训计划。）”可知，个人教育指南能在个性化课程选择方面提供帮助。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Brain implant specialist下的“In the future, one can have a specialized computer chip put into his brain to treat certain health issues, such as diseases, mood disorders, and paralysis.（在未来，人们可以在大脑中植入一种专门的计算机芯片来治疗某些健康问题，如疾病、情绪障碍和瘫痪。）”可知，大脑植入专家主要是将计算机技术应用于大脑健康。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Personal education guide下的“education could better meet individual needs,（教育可以更好地满足个人的需求）”；Individualized body part maker下的“Doctors may expect individualized organs grown or 3D printed using their patients’ own cells.（医生们可能期望用病人自己的细胞来培养或3D打印出个性化的器官。）”；Pharmaceutical artisan (制药师)下的“based on individual needs.（根据个人需求）”以及Brain implant specialist下的“a specialized computer chip put into his brain to treat certain health issues,（一个专门的电脑芯片植入他的大脑来治疗某些健康问题，）”可推知，这四种工作的共同特点是都具有个性化服务。故选B。
B
Everybody hates rats. But in the earthquake capitals of the world-Japan, Los Angeles, Turkey - rats will soon be man’s new best friends.
What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dogs.Why? Because they can smell people. Dogs save lives.They help rescuers to find living people. But dogs are big and they can’t get into small spaces. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.
How does it work? First, the rat is trained to smell people. When this happens, the rat’s brain gives a signal. This is sent to a small radio on its back, and then the rescuers follow the radio signals.When the rat’s brain activity jumps, the rescuers know that someone is alive.The rat has smelled that person.
Although there are already robots which can do this job, rats are better. Christian Linster at Cornell University, New York, says, “Robots’ noses don’t work well when there are other smells around. Rats are good at that.” Rats can also see in the dark.They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs, and unlike robots, they don’t need electricity!
The “rat project” is not finished, but Julie Ryan of International Rescue Corps in Scotland says, “It would be fantastic. A rat could get into spaces we couldn’t get to, and a rat would get out if it wasn’t safe.” Perhaps for the first time in history, people will be happy to see a rat in a building (but only after an earthquake, of course).
4. In the world earthquake capitals, rats will become popular because they can .
A. get into small spaces
B. take the place of man’s rescue jobs
C. find food for survivors trapped in buildings
D. find the position of survivors trapped in buildings
5. From the third paragraph we know rescuers can judge a person is alive by .
A. the noise made by the rat B. the rat’s unusual behaviour
C. the signal sent by the radio on the rat D. the smell given off by the person trapped
6. After reading the passage we know that now .
A. people still use dogs and robots in rescue work
B. the “rat project” has been completed already
C. rats have replaced dogs in searching for people
D. people are happy to see a rat in a building
7. The main idea of the passage is about_______in an earthquake.
A. dos and don’ts B. the role rats will play
C. ways of rescuing people D. the reason for not using dogs
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了老鼠在地震中所扮演的角色。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“But in the earthquake capitals of the world-Japan, Los Angeles, Turkey - rats will soon be man’s new best friends.(但在世界地震之都——日本、洛杉矶、土耳其——老鼠将很快成为人类最好的新朋友。)”和第二段“So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.( 所以现在一个新的研究项目正在使用一种更小的动物来拯救生命：老鼠。)”可知，在世界地震之都，老鼠将变得流行，因为它们可以找到被困在建筑物中的幸存者的位置。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“This is sent to a small radio on its back, and then the rescuers follow the radio signals. When the rat’s brain activity jumps, the rescuers know that someone is alive.(这是发送到它背上的一个小型无线电，然后救援人员跟踪无线电信号。当老鼠的大脑活动跳跃时，救援人员就知道有人还活着。)”可知，从第三段我们知道，救援人员可以通过老鼠身上的无线电信号来判断一个人是否还活着。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dogs.Why? Because they can smell people. Dogs save lives.(地震后会发生什么？我们派了搜救犬，为什么？因为它们能闻到人的气味。狗拯救生命。)”和文章倒数第二段“Although there are already robots which can do this job, rats are better.(虽然已经有机器人可以做这项工作，但老鼠做得更好。)”可推知，人们在救援工作中仍然使用狗和机器人。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“But in the earthquake capitals of the world-Japan, Los Angeles, Turkey - rats will soon be man’s new best friends.( 但在世界地震之都——日本、洛杉矶、土耳其——老鼠将很快成为人类最好的新朋友。)”可知，这篇文章的主旨是关于老鼠在地震中所扮演的角色。故选B。
C
“I left Carrara when I was 26, and I was the youngest stone-cutter on the Abu Simbel worksite,” says Luciano Paoli. Aged 78, he is one of the workers with first-hand experience of this international adventure: the rescue of the Ramesses II temples in Egypt from the rising waters of the Aswan High Dam.
A green hand from the marble (大理石) caves of Carrara who helped cut the temples of Abu Simbel into blocks, Paoli attended the event celebrating the 50th anniversary (周年纪念) of the adventure, hosted by Salini Impregilo and the Museo Egizio (Egyptian Museum) in Turin, Italy.
On February 4, 2019, the rescue of the world heritage site was celebrated at an event held at the museum with Chief Executive Pietro Salini, Museo Egizio Director Christian Greco and UNESCO Regional Director Ana Luiza Thompson-Flores attending.
“Taking down two temples piece by piece, putting them back together elsewhere and perfectly rebuilding the landforms (地貌) around them was a great idea and showed us a new frontier (领域) for cultural protection,” said Salini. “It also showed the world that progress did not have to come at the expense of a world heritage site. Today, 50 years after this fantastic project, we remember with great admiration all those people from different countries and cultures, who, with their unique skills, achieved this impressive achievement for future generations.”
The work of moving the temples, in which Impregilo took part, was done with the support of 50 countries and some 2, 000 people in little more than 1,100 days.
This unique project is also being celebrated with the publication of “Nubiana”, a multimedia tome (多媒体巨著) that tells the story of the temples built more than 3,000 years ago in honour of the great Pharaoh Ramesses II. It also describes the engineering challenges of their rescue by international teamwork.
8. Why did Paoli leave Carrara at age 26?
A. To learn stone-cutting skills.
B. To work on an international team.
C. To attend a 50th anniversary event.
D. To fight against a rising flood in Egypt.
9. What can we learn from Salini’s words in Paragraph 4?
A. He thought highly of the great project.
B. He had a long wait for the anniversary.
C. He called on us to protect cultural heritage.
D. He expected future generations to work together.
10. What do we know about “Nubiana”?
A. It is the fruit of international effort.
B. It is part of the anniversary celebration.
C. It is in honour of the Pharaoh Ramesses II.
D. It shows the engineering of building temples.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. Impregilo’s huge success as an organiser.
B. Paoli’s great achievement as a stone-cutter.
C. Two processes in the rescue of Abu Simbel.
D. The celebration of the Abu Simbel rescue.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了阿布辛贝尔的救援50周年庆祝活动，呼吁社会进步不是以牺牲文化遗产为代价。文章通过切石工卢西亚诺·保利的亲身经历具体描述了阿斯旺高坝上涨的水流中拯救埃及的拉美西斯二世神庙的国际救援活动的惊险经历。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的““I left Carrara when I was 26, and I was the youngest stone-cutter on the Abu Simbel worksite,” says Luciano Paoli. Aged 78, he is one of the workers with first-hand experience of this international adventure: the rescue of the Ramesses II temples in Egypt from the rising waters of the Aswan High Dam.(Luciano Paoli说：“我26岁时离开卡拉拉，我是阿布辛贝尔工地上最年轻的切石工。”现年78岁的他是第一手体验过这场国际冒险的工人之一：从阿斯旺高坝上涨的水流中拯救埃及的拉美西斯二世神庙)推知，Luciano Paoli当时离开卡拉拉是去一个拯救埃及的拉美西斯二世神庙的国际组织里工作。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“Today, 50 years after this fantastic project, we remember with great admiration all those people from different countries and cultures, who, with their unique skills, achieved this impressive achievement for future generations.(今天，在这一伟大项目50年后，我们怀着无比钦佩的心情缅怀所有来自不同国家和文化的人们，他们用自己独特的技能为子孙后代取得了这一令人印象深刻的成就)”推知，Salini对这项工程的评价很高。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“This unique project is also being celebrated with the publication of “Nubiana”, a multimedia tome (多媒体巨著) that tells the story of the temples built more than 3,000 years ago in honour of the great Pharaoh Ramesses II. It also describes the engineering challenges of their rescue by international teamwork.(多媒体巨著Nubiana的出版也庆祝了这一独特的项目，该书讲述了3000多年前为纪念伟大的法老拉美西斯二世而建造的庙宇的故事。它还描述了国际团队救援他们所面临的工程挑战)”可知，Nubiana也是周年庆的一部分。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章通过保利的叙述引出阿布辛贝的救援和对它的庆祝，接着介绍对阿布辛贝救援的庆祝的基本情况，包括组织者、时间地点、规模和方式，通过保利的话引出庆祝的原因，也就是救援的意义。所以文章是围绕对阿布辛贝的救援的庆祝来讲的。故选D。
D
While elephants born without tusks (长牙)are not unheard of，they normally form just 2 to 6 percent of the population. However, that is not the case at Mozambique’s Gorongosa National Park, where an astonishing 33 percent of female elephants born after the country’s civil war ended in 1992 are tuskless. While that may appear to be just a coincidence, Joyce Poole, an elephant behavior expert, has another theory. The researcher thinks we may be witnessing unnatural evolution of the species due to the constant hunting of elephants for valuable ivory.
Poole says before the country’s 15-year-long civil war, the 100,000-acre park was home to over 4,000 elephants. However, by the time the conflict ended in 1992, about 90 percent of them had been killed for ivory to help finance weapons (武器)and meat to feed the soldiers. Of the less than 200 survivors, over 50 percent of adult females had no tusks. Therefore, it is not surprising that the park’s tuskless elephant population has grown greatly.
This is not the first time researchers have observed a great change in the population of elephants. At Zambia’s South Luangwa National Park and Lupande Game Management Area， areas which were heavily hunted in the 1970s and 1980s, 35% of elephants 25 years or older and 13% of those younger than 25 are now without tusks. A 2008 study published found that the number of tuskless females at the Ruaha National Park in Tanzania went from 10.5 percent in 1969 to almost 40 percent in 1989, largely due to illegal hunting for ivory.
The recent ban on ivory in both the US and China should help get rid of, or at least reduce, elephant hunting. However, scientists are not sure how long it will take for elephants with a higher rate of tuskless females, to change the trend.
12. What is the probable cause of the phenomenon mentioned in Paragraph 1 ?
A. Illegal hunting. B. Constant farming.
C. A pure coincidence. D. Natural evolution.
13. Why did people kill so many elephants during the civil war in Mozambique?
A. To get funds by selling ivory.
B. To develop new weapons.
C. To provide food for local people.
D. To make ivory products.
14. Which of the following had the earliest record on tuskless elephants?
A. Gorongonsa National Park.
B. South Luangwa National Park.
C. The Ruaha National Park.
D. Lupande Game Management Area.
15. What does the underlined phrase “the trend” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Elephants facing greater danger.
B. Elephants growing more slowly.
C. Fewer female elephants staying alive.
D. More female elephants being tuskless.
【答案】12. A 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了受生存环境及偷猎行为的影响，有些非洲大象出生时就没有长牙，这势必会影响该物种的繁衍，目前一些国家已经开展拯救措施。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据The researcher thinks we may be witnessing unnatural evolution of the species due to the constant hunting of elephants for valuable ivory.可知，研究人员认为，由于不断猎杀大象以获取有价值的象牙，我们可能正在目睹该物种的非自然进化。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据by the time the conflict ended in 1992, about 90 percent of them had been killed for ivory to help finance weapons (武器)and meat to feed the soldiers. 冲突在1992年结束的时候,大约90%的象被杀为了要象牙来融资制造武器并给士兵提供肉。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据A 2008 study published found that the number of tuskless females at the Ruaha National Park in Tanzania went from 10.5 percent in 1969 to almost 40 percent in 1989, largely due to illegal hunting for ivory. 2008年发表的一项研究发现，在坦桑尼亚的鲁哈国家公园，没有象牙的雌性数量从1969年的10.5%上升到1989年的近40%，这主要是因为非法狩猎象牙。这是最早的记录。故选C。
【15题详解】
词义猜测题。根据scientists are not sure how long it will take for elephants with a higher rate of tuskless females, 科学家们还不确定无牙母象率较高的这种情况需要多长时间能够改变。故选D。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
Differences do set us apart, but we often forget that we are all human, and our culture is much more representative (有代表性的) of our differing environment than truly different people. Here are some tips on how to understand and admire cultural differences.
____16____ In almost every single case, the only thing required to bridge cultural differences is an introduction. This isn't always easy, but the best thing to do is make an effort — go to the international folk music festival, eat in a restaurant where English isn't the first language, and say hello to the new family down the street.
Invite other cultures into your home. ____17____ Some people open their homes to exchange students with apps like Air BnB, while others might work through a church or charity to help provide for traveling groups. Even easier, you can simply invite people from other cultures over for dinner. ____18____
Read as much about the local culture as you can before arriving. It is irresponsible to arrive in a new place without knowing how things usually run. You may get immediately shocked upon landing, which can make it harder to accept the culture later on.____19____ Read online, check some books, and generally arrive well-informed. Having some knowledge beforehand will help with any culture shock.
Share parts of your own culture and life to encourage others to share theirs. One of the best things to bring while traveling is a set of photos from home, allowing you to bring people into your own life and culture from anywhere.____20____ And learning is the key to understanding and, finally acceptance.
A. You can accept travelers or exchange students.
B. Therefore, be ready for some shocks or changes in the real world.
C. Seek out experiences, foods, and people who seem foreign to you.
D. Get out to see new places, pushing your comfort zone as much as possible.
E. Giving a little bit of yourself is the best way to learn a little bit about others.
F. You'll be surprised how much most people want to meet and talk to foreigners.
G. The best way to understand and admire cultural differences is over food and friendship.
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. G 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何理解和欣赏文化差异提出了几点建议。
【16题详解】
根据空后内容“ This isn't always easy, but the best thing to do is make an effort — go to the international folk music festival, eat in a restaurant where English isn't the first language, and say hello to the new family down the street.(这并不总是那么容易，但最好的办法是努力——去国际民间音乐节，在英语不是第一语言的餐馆吃饭，向街上的新家庭问好。)”可知，这里主要讲怎样在不同文化架桥的具体措施，而C项Seek out experiences, foods, and people who seem foreign to you(寻找对你来说陌生的经历、食物和人)正好对应了下文提到的这几点，符合语境。故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据该空前一句话“Invite other cultures into your home.(邀请其他文化进入你的家。)”可知，这里在建议接触不同文化的人，而A项You can accept travelers or exchange students.(你可以接纳游客或者交换生)符合语境，同时和后面内容“Some people open their homes to exchange students with apps like Air BnB”相呼应。故选A项。
【18题详解】
根据该空前一句话“Even easier, you can simply invite people from other cultures over for dinner.(更简单的是邀请从其他文化背景来的人吃饭。)”可知，G项The best way to understand and admire cultural differences is over food and friendship(理解欣赏文化差异最好的办法是通过食物和友谊)承接上文，其中food与前文dinner对应。故选G项。
【19题详解】
该空前面的内容“You may get immediately shocked upon landing, which can make it harder to accept the culture later on.(你可能一着陆会感到文化冲击，这样就会使你在以后接受这里的文化变得困难。)”可知，该空后面具体介绍了应对文化冲击的做法。B项Therefore, be ready for some shocks or changes in the real world.(因此，对现实世界中的一些冲击或变化做好准备)，符合语境，与上文构成因果关系。故选B项。
【20题详解】
由上文“Share parts of your own culture and life to encourage others to share theirs. One of the best things to bring while traveling is a set of photos from home, allowing you to bring people into your own life and culture from anywhere.(分享自己的文化和生活，鼓励他人分享自己的文化和生活。旅行时最好带的东西之一是一组来自家里的照片，让你可以从任何地方把人们带入你自己的生活和文化)”可知，本段讲述的是分享自己的文化来鼓励别人分享他们的文化。E项Giving a little bit of yourself is the best way to learn a little bit about others.(让别人了解一点儿自己是了解别人的一种最好的方式)符合语境。其中Giving a little bit of yourself 与上文Share parts of your own culture对应。故选E项。
第二部分语言运用(共一节，满分 15 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A single tremble shook beneath my feet. The trees above me began to sway(摇摆) hard. Then came the deadly____21____that could only mean one thing, destruction. Every house and object was now____22____. My vision blurred (模糊) even more when I saw the remains of my house. The house that used to____23____all the happiness in the world was now____24____a pile of ruined pieces. I____25____all the times I played with my little brother and sister. Images of them were____26____in my mind, so I let the darkness sweep over me completely so I could see them vividly one last time. I regained a bit of my____27____after lying on the ground for some time. My eyes viewed different things, but I walked on mindlessly, with no____28____to anything around me at all.
Years have passed since the disaster that____29____me years ago. I never thought I would be okay again after this_____30_____event.
Today I am going on a trip to California to help_____31_____of a recent earthquake. Then, I see her. A young girl is weeping into her arm. I walk toward her. Losing family was_____32_____, but because of my life changing experience, I am strong, and I can_____33_____the lives of those who are suffering as I was. When I reach the girl, she stares at me with sad eyes, and I gently stick out my hand for her to hold to. One day, she may_____34_____others the way I did for her. She holds my hand tightly, and together, we look for a brighter future where we can help those around us and_____35_____the world starting with one disaster at a time.
21. A. silence B. power C. emergency D. extinction
22. A. under pressure B. in ruins C. on hand D. in shock
23. A. promote B. supply C. contain D. measure
24. A. extremely B. obviously C. actually D. simply
25. A. adapted to B. thought of C. concentrated on D. worked out
26. A. carved B. buried C. designed D. observed
27. A. balance B. memory C. strength D. impression
28. A. request B. comparison C. path D. reaction
29. A. struck B. identified C. threatened D. reminded
30. A. amazing B. frightening C. exciting D. challenging
31. A. professionals B. volunteers C. survivors D. experts
32. A. painful B. unusual C. awkward D. unique
33. A. appreciate B. possess C. exchange D. improve
34. A. affect B. recognize C. recommend D. contact
35. A. establish B. change C. remove D. revise
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者经历了一次灾难性的地震后，人生发生了改变，并以志愿者的身份去帮助像他一样的人，同时希望人们能够在经历灾难和痛苦之后，同样能够挺身而出帮助其他人，使世界有所不同。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后是致命的沉默，这只能意味着一件事，毁灭。A. silence寂静，沉默；B. power力量；C. emergency突发事件，紧急情况；D. extinction灭绝。根据前文“A single tremble shook beneath my feet. The trees above me began to sway hard.(我的脚下颤抖了一下。我头顶上的树木开始剧烈摇晃。)”可知，作者描述了地震特别强烈时候的震动感受，而后文“destruction (毁灭)”则提示这里讲述地震过后的感受，因此结合常识可知，该句讲述是大地震过后的“安静”，与前文的强烈震动形成对比。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：现在所有的房屋和物品都成了废墟。A. under pressure在压力之下；B. in ruins成为废墟，严重受损；C. on hand在场，即将发生；D. in shock休克，震惊。根据后文“My vision blurred even more when I saw the remains of my house.(当我看到我房子的残骸时，我的视线更加模糊了。)”提及了“房屋残骸”，说明房屋和物品成为了废墟。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：曾经容纳了世界上所有幸福的房子现在只是一堆废墟。A. promote提升，促进；B. supply提供，供应；C. contain包含、容纳；D. measure测量，判断。根据后文“I ____5____ all the times I played with my little brother and sister.(我想起了我和弟弟妹妹一起玩的所有时光。)”提及作者以前总是和弟弟妹妹在房子里玩耍，因此，这所房子承载了以往所有的欢乐时光。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：曾经容纳了世界上所有幸福的房子现在只是一堆废墟。A. extremely非常，极其；B. obviously明显地，显而易见地；C. actually实际上，事实上；D. simply简单地，仅仅。分析语境可知，这里的副词起到强调作用，强调曾经充满欢乐的房子地震过后就只是一片废墟。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想起了我和弟弟妹妹一起玩的所有时光。A. adapted to适合，适应于；B. thought of想起，考虑；C. concentrated on专心于；D. worked out解决，算出。根据后文宾语“all the times(所有的时光)”可推知，作者想起以往和弟弟妹妹一起玩耍的时光。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的形象铭刻在我的脑海里，所以我让黑暗完全笼罩我，这样我就能最后一次生动地看到他们。A. carved雕刻；B. buried埋葬；C. designed设计；D. observed观察，遵循。根据前文“I ____5____ all the times I played with my little brother and sister.(我想起了我和弟弟妹妹一起玩的所有时光。)”可知，作者面对废墟时能够想起以往的欢乐时光，弟弟妹妹的形象深深地刻在脑海里。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在地上躺了一段时间后，我恢复了一点体力。A. balance平衡；B. memory记忆；C. strength力气，优势；D. impression印象。根据后文“after lying on the ground for some time(在地上躺了一段时间后)”可知，作者在地上休息了一会儿，恢复了一点力气。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的眼睛看到了不同的东西，但我漫无目的地走着，对周围的一切都没有反应。A. request要求；B. comparison比较，对比；C. path小路，道路；D. reaction反应，回应。根据前文“I walked on mindlessly(我漫无目的地走着)”可知，经历过大地震，失去了一切之后，作者此时漫无目的，什么东西都不能引起他的反应。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前发生在我身上的那场灾难已经过去了。A. struck碰撞，爆发，袭击；B. identified确认，认出；C. threatened威胁；D. reminded提醒，使想起。分析可知，“that ____9____ me years ago”为“the disaster”定语从句，关系代词“that”指代“the disaster”，从句中作主语，其对应的动词应是“袭击，爆发”，用在句中表达“发生在我身上”含义。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从没想过在经历了这件可怕的事情之后，我还会好起来。 A. amazing了不起的，令人诧异的；B. frightening令人害怕的，恐惧的；C. exciting令人兴奋激动的；D. challenging具有挑战性的。与前文“the deadly…(致命的)”相呼应，这里应是B项“frightening”。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我要去加州帮助最近发生的地震的幸存者。A. professionals专业人员；B. volunteers志愿者；C. survivors幸存者；D. experts专家。根据后文“When I reach the girl, she stares at me with sad eyes, and I gently stick out my hand for her to hold to. (当我走到女孩身边时，她用悲伤的眼神盯着我，我轻轻地伸出手让她握住。)”可知，这个女孩是地震幸存者，因此可推知，作者作为“过来人”去帮助这里的地震幸存者。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：失去家人是痛苦的，但因为我改变人生的经历，我变得坚强，我可以改善那些和我一样遭受痛苦的人的生活。A. painful疼痛的，痛苦的；B. unusual不同寻常的；C. awkward令人尴尬的，棘手的；D. unique独特的，独一无二的。主语“Losing family”意为“失去家人”，失去家人是痛苦的。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：失去家人是痛苦的，但因为我改变人生的经历，我变得坚强，我可以改善那些和我一样遭受痛苦的人的生活。A. appreciate欣赏，感激；B. possess拥有，具有；C. exchange交换；D. improve提高，改善。与后文“where we can help those around us(在那时我们可以帮助周围的人)”中“help”相呼应，这里应是D项“improve”，用在句中表达作者希望用自己的力量帮助改善和他拥有相同经历的人的生活。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，她可能会像我对她那样影响别人。A. affect影响；B. recognize辨认，识别；C. recommend推荐，劝告；D. contact联系，联络。根据后文“the way I did for her”可推知，作者认为这个女孩或许以后也会像作者一样，用“过来人”的身份做志愿者，去帮助和影响其他人。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她紧紧地握着我的手，我们一起寻找一个更光明的未来，我们可以帮助周围的人，从一次一场灾难开始改变世界。A. establish建立，设立；B. change改变；C. remove移开，去除；D. revise修改，复习。根据前文“Today I am going on a trip to California to help ____11____ of a recent earthquake.(今天我要去加州帮助最近地震的幸存者。)”可知，作者作为一个“过来人”，用志愿者的身份去帮助其他人，这是他在经历灾难后作出的改变世界的行为，因此可推知，这里作者希望在将来能够同样在灾难发生后，去帮助受难者，改变灾难后的世界。故选B项。
第三部分课内基础知识(满分 55 分)
第一节(15分)
根据语境需求，选择恰当的意思或形式填入空格,每空一词。
trap
despite
donate
threat
deliver
strike
appreciate
electricity
regard
harmony
establish
investigate
remove
reserve
gap

36. A big earthquake hit Tangshan. As a result, water, food and _________ were hard to get.
37. The undersea quake _________ around 3:00 a.m. during which most of people were asleep.
38. If I’m talking to a close friend, I only need a few words to bridge the _________ between us.
39. The high _________ for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture.
40. A committee was__________to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.
41. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to _________ food and supplies.
42. Knowing that the project of building Aswan Dam was short of money, fifty countries ______nearly 80 million to the project.
43. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were _________.
44. Experts _________ the problem, carried out several tests, and then made a suggestion for how the buildings could be saved.
45. We will stand up and hold together always as a family in ________.
46. China is widely known for its ancient civilization which has continued all the way through into modern times, _________ the many ups and downs in its history.
47. The antelope population has increased and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was _________ from the endangered species list.
48. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to _________ China’s culture and through this amazing language.
49. Because of mass hunting, the population of African elephants is under _________.
50. In order to save endangered animals, some countries have created a _________ where they can live in peace and safety.
【答案】36. electricity
37. struck 38. gap
39. regard 40. established
41. deliver
42. donated
43. trapped
44. investigated

45. harmony
46. despite
47. removed
48. appreciate
49. threat 50. reserve
【解析】
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：唐山发生大地震。结果，水、食物和电都很难得到。根据句意表示“电”用名词electricity，不可数，和water与food并列作主语。故填electricity。
【37题详解】
考查动词和时态。句意：海底地震发生在凌晨3点左右，当时大多数人都在睡觉。根据句意表示“袭击，发生”用动词strick，空处为主句谓语动词，陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填struck。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果我和一个亲密的朋友说话，我只需要几句话就能弥合我们之间的鸿沟。结合句意表达“鸿沟”用名词gap，作宾语，此处指“我”和朋友之间的鸿沟，应用单数形式。故填gap。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：对中国书写系统的高度重视可以从汉字作为一种艺术形式的发展中看出，即中国书法，它已成为中国文化的重要组成部分。结合句意表达“重视”用名词regard，作主语，抽象概念，不可数。故填regard。
【40题详解】
考查动词和语态。句意：成立了一个委员会，以限制对埃及建筑的破坏，防止文物流失。结合句意表达“成立”用动词establish，它和主语committee之间是被动关系，空处填establish的过去分词形式和was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填established。
【41题详解】
考查动词。句意：然而，危险的条件和受损的道路将使运送食物和补给变得困难。结合句意表达“运送”用动词deliver，此处用其原形和to构成不定式，作真正的宾语。故填deliver。
【42题详解】
考查动词和时态。句意：得知修建阿斯旺大坝的项目资金短缺，50个国家向该项目捐赠了近8000万美元。结合句意表达“捐赠”用动词donate，空处为句子谓语动词，陈述过去的事情用一般过去时。故填donated。
【43题详解】
考查动词和语态。句意：地震发生后不久，军队派出15万名士兵前往唐山，挖掘被困人员。根据句意表达“困住”用动词trap，它和主语who（那些人）之间为被动关系，故空处填trap的过去分词和were构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填trapped。
【44题详解】
考查动词和时态。句意：专家们调查了这个问题，进行了几次测试，然后就如何挽救这些建筑提出了建议。结合句意表达“调查”用动词investigate，和下文carried以及made为并列的谓语动词，故空处也用一般过去时。故填investigated。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：我们会站起来，永远团结在一起，就像一个和谐的家庭。结合句意表达“和谐”用名词harmony，in harmony“和谐”，此处为介词短语作后置定语。故填harmony。
【46题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国以其古老的文明而闻名，尽管其历史上有许多起伏，但它一直延续到现代。结合句意表达“尽管”用介词despite，和后文名词词组the many ups and downs in its history构成让步状语。故填despite。
【47题详解】
考查动词和语态。句意：藏羚羊的数量已经增加，2015年6月，藏羚羊被从濒危物种名单中删除。结合句意表示“移除”用动词remove，它和主语antelope之间为被动关系，空处填过去分词和was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填removed。
【48题详解】
考查动词。句意：随着中国在全球事务中发挥越来越大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这门神奇的语言欣赏中国文化。根据句意表达“欣赏”用动词appreciate，此处用其原形和to构成不定式作begin的宾语。故填appreciate。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：由于大规模狩猎，非洲象的数量受到威胁。根据句意表达“威胁”用名词threat，under threat“受到威胁”。故填threat。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：为了拯救濒临灭绝的动物，一些国家建立了一个保护区，让它们可以在那里和平安全地生活。根据句意表达“保护区”用名词reserve，作宾语，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填reserve。
第二节(30 分)
选择适当的短语并用正确形式填空。注意：每个短语只能使用一次。
make profits
sweep away
related to
make a proposal
date back to
aware of
due to
be of importance
keep a balance
on hand
adapt to
make out
be concerned about
search for shelters
be likely to
be buried in
give way to
refer to
in ruins
be based on

51. In addition, by doing the part-time job I can get some valuable experiences so that I can better _________ the development and changes of society.
52. It is possible to _________ something in those dark caves, but not very much.
53. What I _________ is whether they could fit in with society and how we could create more chances for the poor.
54. The other day, many flights were delayed(延迟) _________ the bitterly cold weather.
55. He _________ that we each donate 100 yuan to help preserve the town’s intangible cultural heritage.
56. To _________, some people illegally hunted endangered animals for money.
57. Cinemas have gradually _________ the rise of the Internet and cellphones.
58. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes and cars were _________ by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.
59. It is believed that Chinese calligraphy _________ at least the Han Dynasty.
60. Tens of thousands who had lost their homes left the city to _________ from the fires.
61. If you can find suitable learning methods, your learning efficiency(效率) _________ improve.
62. The scientist _________ global warming at least three times in his speech.
63. Money and fame are not___________happiness. True happiness lies in being satisfied with your life and being grateful for all the things you have received.
64. Sign language (手语) _________ for people who are deaf or have poor hearing.
65. The book _________ a true story and moved many people.
66. Now for emergency(紧急) supplies, we would suggest always having _________ enough water and food for three days.
67. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, a large city lay _________.
68. We must make people _________ the issue and help protect the endangered wildlife before it’s too late!
【答案】51. adapt to
52. make out
53. am concerned about
54. due to 55. made a proposal
56. make profits
57. given way to
58. swept away
59. dates back to
60. search for shelters
61. will be likely to
62. referred to
63. related to
64. is of importance
65. was based on
66. on hand
67. in ruins
68. aware of
【解析】
【51题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：此外，通过做兼职工作，我可以获得一些宝贵的经验，以便更好地适应社会的发展和变化。情态动词can后应填动词原形构成谓语动词，结合句意表示“适应”应用短语adapt to。故填adapt to。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：在那些黑暗的洞穴里可以辨认出一些东西，但不太可能。结合句意表示“辨认”用make out，根据固定句型It be+adj.+to do可知，空处应填动词原形和to构成不定式作主语。故填make out。
【53题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：我关心的是他们能否融入社会，我们如何为穷人创造更多的机会。结合句意表达“关心，担心”用be concerned about，空处为主语从句的谓语动词，根据主句谓语动词is判断为一般现在时，主语是I，故填am concerned about。
【54题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：前几天，由于严寒的天气，许多航班延误了。根据句意表示“由于”用介词短语due to，作原因状语。故填due to。
【55题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：他提议我们每人捐赠100元，帮助保护该镇的非物质文化遗产。根据“that we each donate 100 yuan to help preserve the town’s intangible cultural heritage.”可知，此处表示他提议，动词短语make a proposal符合题意，proposal后的同位语从句用虚拟语气，谓语部分是(should)+动词原形，主句陈述过去的事实，用一般过去时。故填made a proposal。
【56题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：为了赚钱，一些人非法捕猎濒危动物。结合句意表示“赚钱，盈利”用make profit，此处用动词原形和to构成不定式作目的状语。故填make profits。
【57题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：电影院逐渐被互联网和手机的兴起所取代。根据句意表示“给……让路”用give way to，空处应填give的过去分词given和助动词have构成现在完成时。故填given way to。
【58题详解】
考查动词短语和语态。句意：渔民、游客、酒店、房屋和汽车被9.0级强烈地震引发的巨浪卷走。根据句意表达“冲走”用sweep away，主语Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes and cars和sweep away是被动关系，故空处用sweep的过去分词形式和were构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填swept away。
【59题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：据信，中国书法至少可以追溯到汉代。根据句意表达“追溯到”用date back to，空处为主语从句的谓语动词，陈述客观事实，且主语Chinese calligraphy是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填dates back to。
60题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：数万失去家园的人离开城市，寻找火灾避难所。根据句意表达“寻找避难所”用search for shelters，空处应填search的原形和to构成不定式作目的状语。故填search for shelters。
【61题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：如果你能找到合适的学习方法，你的学习效率很可能会提高。结合句意表达“可能做某事”用be likely to do，空处为主句谓语动词，根据主将从现原则，主句应用一般将来时。故填will be likely to。
【62题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：这位科学家在演讲中至少三次提到全球变暖。根据句意表示“提到”用refer to，空处为句子谓语动词，结合语境，陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填referred to。
【63题详解】
考查形容词短语。句意：金钱和名声与幸福无关。真正的幸福在于对你现有的生活感到满意，并对你所得到的一切心存感激。结合句意表示“与……有关的”用related to，作表语。故填related to。
【64题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：手语对耳聋或听力差的人来说很重要。结合句意表达“重要”用be of importance，空处为句子谓语动词，陈述客观事实，且主语Sign language是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填is of importance。
【65题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：这本书基于一个真实的故事，感动了许多人。结合句意表示“基于……”用be based on，空处和下文moved为并列的谓语动词，也应用一般过去时。故填was based on。
【66题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：现在，对于应急物资，我们建议手头上总是有足够三天的水和食物。结合句意表达“在手边”用on hand。故填on hand。
【67题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：坚硬的岩石丘陵变成了肮脏的河流。不到一分钟，一座大城市就成了废墟。结合句意表达“成为废墟”用in ruins，作状语。故填in ruins。
【68题详解】
考查形容词短语。句意：我们必须让人们意识到这个问题，帮助保护濒危野生动物，以免为时已晚！结合句意表达“意识到的”用aware of，此处为形容词短语作宾补。故填aware of。
第三节语法填空。每空填1~3个单词。(10分)
69. There was a time_________ the old must give way to the new.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】when
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：曾经有一段时间，旧事物必须让位于新事物。分析可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，代替先行词time在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导从句。故填when。
70. All ______ we need is enough rest after long hours’ work. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that##不填
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：所有我们需要的是长时间工作后，有足够的休息。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词all，是不定代词，从句中作宾语，故用关系代词that或者不填。故填that##不填。
71. Hany is the boy ______ mother is our maths teacher. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whose
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Hany是妈妈是数学老师的那个男孩。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词the boy，从句中作定语，修饰mother，故填whose。
72. There are many reasons_________ English is so widely used around the world in the fields of science, business, and more. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】why
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：英语在世界各地的科学、商业等领域被广泛使用是有很多原因的。分析可知空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是reasons，从句缺少原因状语，应用关系副词why引导。故填why。
73. Tasmania is the most unforgettable place ________ I have ever been to. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】that
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：塔斯马尼亚是我去过的最难忘的地方。分析题意，定语从句部分缺宾语，故连接词用关系代词。此处的先行词为place，且先行词被最高级修饰。关系代词只能为that。故填that。
74. The army were sent to the quake-hit area to rescue the injured who_________ (be) hurt by the disaster. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】were
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：军队被派往地震灾区营救在灾难中受伤的伤员。空处和后文hurt构成定语从句的谓语动词，主语who指代先行词the injured“受伤的人（们）”，故who是复数意义；陈述过去的事实，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were。
75. Illegal trade and smuggling (走私) activities have not been forbidden, _________ has led to the loss of national treasures overseas. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：非法贸易和走私活动未被禁止，导致国宝流失海外。分析可知空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“非法贸易和走私活动未被禁止”这件事，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
76. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house____________(rebuild). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is being rebuilt
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：他们暂时和父母住在一起，因为他们自己的房子正在重建。because引导的从句中主语是house，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数，且主语和谓语动词rebuild之间是被动关系，结合句意可知表示正在进行或发生的被动动作，故应用现在进行时态的被动语态。故填is being rebuilt。
77. Little Tony_________ (take) care of by his aunt because his parents are both busy with their work. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is being taken
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：小Tony由他的阿姨照顾，因为他的父母都忙于工作。空处为主句谓语动词，根据“because his parents are both busy with their work”可知，Tony目前正在被阿姨照顾，应用现在进行时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，故填is being taken。
78. An important means of writing Chinese_________ (be) connecting the present with its past. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：汉语写作的一个重要方法是承前启后。空处为句子谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语An important means of writing Chinese是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is。