2022-2023学年辽宁省沈阳市东北育才学校高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年辽宁省沈阳市东北育才学校高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 7， Hw ld is Sam?等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年度上学期期末高一年级英语学科试卷
(答题时间：120分钟 满分：150分)
第一部分听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman probably have?
A. Coffee. B. Tea. C. Juice.
2. What did the man bring the woman?
A. A fork. B. A knife. C. A spoon.
3. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Go indoors. B. Have a swim. C. Have an iced drink.
4. What is wrong with Lisa’s book?
A. Its back came off. B. Its front is damaged. C. Its pages are missing.
5. Why won’t the woman go to the mall today?
A. It will be crowded. B. The weather is too cold. C. She prefers to go to a park.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料, 回答第 6、7 题。
6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Educating children. B. Writing a shopping list. C. Dealing with some toys.
7. How old is Sam?
A. One year old. B. Three years old. C. Six years old.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。
8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Co-workers. C. Classmates.
9. When will the speakers probably meet next time?
A. On Monday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What does the man think about coconut?
A. He prefers it to be dried.
B. He likes it only when it’s fresh.
C. He hates the taste of it completely.
11. What did the speakers just buy on the weekend?
A. Carrots. B. Butter. C. Cheese.
12. What will the man do next?
A. Buy some eggs. B. Turn the oven on. C. Cut the coconut into pieces.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. What does the man want the woman to do?
A. read a book to him. B. Return a boof for him. C. Recommend a book to him.
14. What did the man last read?
A. War and Peace. B. Great Expectations. C. The History of Jews in Russia.
15. What kind of books does the man want to read now?
A. Best-sellers. B. More serious literature. C. Ones about family life.
16. What is the woman’s job probably?
A waiter. B. A writer. C. A librarian.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. How many children were there in Benjamin Franklin’s family?
A. 17. B. 16. C. 10.
18. What did Benjamin Franklin want to work as?
A writer. B. A printer. C. A soap maker.
19. Where did Benjamin Franklin find a job?
A. In New York. B. In New Jersey. C. In Philadelphia.
20. Which experiment made Benjamin Franklin famous?
A. The one with a musical instrument.
B. The one with a kite and electricity.
C. The one with a type of glasses.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Enter DSWF Global Canvas 2022
Global Canvas is an annual children’s art competition run by David Shepherd Wildlife Foundation (DSWF). It’s a fantastic way to encourage creativity and display thought and concern for our planet’s environment and the incredible wildlife that inhabits it. We’re thrilled to announce entries are now open for the DSWF Global Canvas 2022 competition, for which the theme is “Forests of Land and Sea”.
DSWF Global Canvas 2022 is free to enter and open to children aged 16 and under — either as a group or an individual. Entries for group and individual categories will be judged separately and in the following age groups: age 4-7 years, age 8-11 years, and age 12-16 years. A group entry can be any size from 2 children up to an entire school!
Any art technique is welcome. Entrants can create an artwork of any size that they like, as long as their entry is based on the theme and the work is original. DSWF always likes to see recycled materials used wherever possible. Please note that you mustn’t send us your actual artwork, however. You need to send us a photograph and video of it in addition to completing the relevant group or individual entry form. All entries must be received digitally by 11 June 2022.
Entries will be judged on the quality of art, interpretation of the theme, creativity, and for group entries — level of joint work. The decision of the judges will be final. Competition winners will receive vouchers (代金券) for art supplies, digital animal adoptions and certificates.
1. How many age groups will the entries be classified into?
A. One. B. Two.
C. Three. D. Four.
2. Which of the following will fail to meet the requirements of this competition?
A. Making an artwork using recycled materials.
B. Creating an artwork with an ancient art form.
C. Delivering an original physical artwork to DSWF.
D. Sending a digital photo of a completed work on May 1.
3 What is the extra consideration in judging a group entry?
A. Content. B. Cooperation.
C. Creativity. D. Complexity.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一年一度的全球儿童油画艺术竞赛的相关事宜。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Entries for group and individual categories will be judged separately and in the following age groups: age 4-7 years, age 8-11 years, and age 12-16 years.(团体和个人组别的参赛作品将分别在以下年龄组进行评判：4-7岁，8-11岁，12-16岁)”可知，参赛作品会分为3个年龄组别。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Please note that you mustn’t send us your actual artwork, however. You need to send us a photograph and video of it in addition to completing the relevant group or individual entry form.(然而，请注意，你不能寄给我们你的实际作品。除了填写相关的团体或个人报名表外，您还需要将参赛作品的照片和视频发给我们)”可知，向DSWF提供原始实物艺术品不满足本次竞赛的要求。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第段中“Entries will be judged on the quality of art, interpretation of the theme, creativity, and for group entries — level of joint work.(参赛作品将根据艺术质量、主题阐释、创造力和团体作品的联合工作水平进行评判)”可知，评判团体参赛作品时，要额外考虑“level of joint work”，即合作水平。故选B项。
B
Italy’s cheap old homes continue to appeal to hundreds of interested buyers, among whom was Roy Patrick, a 67-year-old British who deals in antiques in Italy. Patrick bought an old school house in the mountain village of Carrega for $16,500. It’s both an adventure and a joy.
Patrick bought the property quite by accident. When told about the wonders of the village, he toured there to take a look and was instantly struck by the 1930s school building. “The house is particular and the view is unique: The way the sun goes down over the mountains, you’d say ‘wow’. It’s a fantastic wonderland,” says Patrick.
The property was offloaded by the local government to boost the populations of communities in decline. Since the purchase, he’s been visiting every two weeks and finds it has many charms. “Top of the list is the friendliness of the local residents, followed by the breathtaking views I get out of the windows looking across the valley,” he adds.
Patrick’s initial encounter with his new home was less than promising. He had to climb through a window to open up the building, which had been shut for decades and whose door was jammed, with the keys nowhere to be found.
However, a later structural disaster turned into a positive story. When an unstable chimney (烟囱) collapsed due to a heavy snow, a neighbor volunteered to climb onto his roof to make it safe. The locals are so welcoming that they are ready to help newcomers.
During the restoration needed to make the old school habitable, Patrick unexpectedly unearthed a great many treasures: dusty piles of old text books, inkwells, pupil registers and other historical items.
Patrick has some advice for those with the thought of buying a house in Carrega: There is absolutely nothing, just great views, pure air and clean surroundings. No bars, supermarkets, or restaurants. A vehicle is essential to move around. However, Carrega does spring to life in the summer when vacationers arrive to relax. “There are nights when people throw a party with loud music,” says Patrick. “Otherwise it’s just singing birds and total silence.”
4. What led to Patrick’s purchase of the old schoolhouse?
A. The locals’ friendly attitude. B. Its location and rising value.
C. Its uniqueness and surroundings. D. The government’s housing welfare.
5. What was the government’s intention of selling the property?
A. To attract more settlers. B. To boost local tourism.
C. To preserve village traditions. D. To reform education system.
6. What’s one of Patrick’s added bonuses of getting the house?
A. Acquiring more personal space. B. Digging up some historical finds.
C. Enjoying a more active social life. D. Getting free home decoration service.
7. How does it feel most of the time living in Carrega?
A. Quiet. B. Lively.
C. Modern. D. Convenient.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。67岁的英国人罗伊·帕特里克在意大利从事古董交易。帕特里克以16500美元的价格在卡雷加山村买了一栋旧校舍。本文介绍了这既冒险又有趣的经过。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The house is particular and the view is unique: The way the sun goes down over the mountains, you’d say ‘wow’. It’s a fantastic wonderland.”（这栋房子很特别，风景也很独特：当太阳下山时，你会说‘哇’。这是一个奇妙的仙境。）可知，帕特里克买这旧校舍，是因为它很特别，而且周边环境也很特别。选项C“它的独特性和周围环境。”符合文意，故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The property was offloaded by the local government to boost the populations of communities in decline.”（当地政府出让了这块地产，以增加衰落社区的人口。）可知，政府卖掉这块地的意图是为了增加人口，为了吸引更多的居住者。故选A。
6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“During the restoration needed to make the old school habitable, Patrick unexpectedly unearthed a great many treasures: dusty piles of old text books, inkwells, pupil registers and other historical items.”（在修复旧学校以使其适于居住的过程中，帕特里克意外地挖掘出了许多宝藏：积满灰尘的成堆的旧教科书、墨水瓶、学生登记册和其他历史物品。）可知，帕特里克本来只是买了一个旧校舍，却从中发掘了一些珍贵的历史物品，这就是added bonuses (额外的福利)了。B选项“挖掘一些历史发现。”符合文意，故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““There are nights when people throw a party with loud music,” says Patrick. Otherwise it’s just singing birds and total silence.”（帕特里克说：“有些夜晚，人们会开着喧闹的音乐派对。”除此之外，只有鸟儿在歌唱，一片寂静。）可推断，除了夏夜开音乐派对的时候，这个地方会有点喧闹，其余时间都是安静的。故选A。
C
Scientists at Nanyang Technological University (NTU) in Singapore have found a new way to handle food waste. They are turning unused durian (榴莲) fruit coverings into anti-bacterial bandages.
The researchers took fibers from the fruit’s coverings after they were cut and dried. Then they mixed the fibers with a liquid called glycerol (甘油). This mixture becomes a soft substance called hydrogel (水凝胶), which is then made into bandages. The fruit’s coverings make up more than half of a durian’s structure. They are usually thrown away and burned, which adds to environmental waste.
William Chen is director of the food science and technology program at NTU. He said, “In Singapore, we consume about 12 million durians a year, so besides the flesh, we can’t do much about the coverings and the seeds and this causes environmental pollution. So we decided to do something to solve the problem.” Chen added that the technology can also turn other food waste, such as soybeans and grains into hydrogel.
The hydrogel bandages can keep wound areas cooler and more moist (湿润的) than normal bandages which can help speed up healing. The researchers say using waste materials for the antibacterial bandages is less costly than using normal bandages, for the traditional bandages use metallic compounds like silver or copper, which are more costly than natural waste.
Fruit seller Tan EngChuan said he goes through as much as 1,800 kilograms of durian each day during durian season. He said being able to use the parts of the fruit that are usually thrown away would make enjoying durian, in his words, “more cheerful.”
8. What motivated the researchers to develop he new bandages?
A. The shortage of bandages.
B. The popularity of durian.
C. Pollution caused by durian waste.
D. The rapidly-developing medical industry.
9. What advantages do the hydrogel bandages have over normal ones?
A. They can shorten the healing process.
B. They contain less silver and copper.
C. They bring higher sales of durian.
D. They are better-received by customers.
10. What is Tan EngChuan’s attitude towards the new hydrogel bandages?
A. Critical. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Favorable.
11. Which would be the best tile for the passage?
A. Food Waste Arousing Great Concern of Scientists
B. Singapore Scientists Turning Fruit Leftovers into Bandages
C. Fruit Sellers Witnessing a Rapid Increase in Durian Sales
D. Hydrogel Bandages Functioning Better than You Thought
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新加坡南洋理工大学(NTU)的科学家们利用废弃的榴莲果壳制成抗菌绷带。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The fruit’s coverings make up more than half of a durian’s structure. They are usually thrown away and burned, which adds to environmental waste. (榴莲的外壳占了整个结构的一半以上。它们通常被扔掉并焚烧，这增加了环境浪费。)”和第三段“He said, “In Singapore, we consume about 12 million durians a year, so besides the flesh, we can’t do much about the coverings and the seeds and this causes environmental pollution. So we decided to do something to solve the problem.”(他说：“在新加坡，我们每年消费大约1200万个榴莲，所以除了果肉外，我们对外壳和种子无能为力，这会造成环境污染。所以我们决定做点什么来解决这个问题。”)”可知，榴莲的废弃物造成的污染促使研究人员开发新的绷带。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The hydrogel bandages can keep wound areas cooler and more moist (湿润的) than normal bandages which can help speed up healing. (这种水凝胶绷带可以使伤口比普通绷带更凉爽、更湿润，有助于加速愈合。)”可知，水凝胶绷带与普通绷带相比，它们可以缩短愈合过程。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“He said being able to use the parts of the fruit that are usually thrown away would make enjoying durian, in his words, “more cheerful.”(能够使用那些榴莲上通常被扔掉的部分，用他的话来说，会让享用榴莲“更加愉悦”。)”可推断，Tan EngChuan对榴莲被扔掉的部分制成新型水凝胶绷带的态度是赞成的。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Scientists at Nanyang Technological University (NTU) in Singapore have found a new way to handle food waste. They are turning unused durian (榴莲) fruit coverings into anti-bacterial bandages.(新加坡南洋理工大学(NTU)科学家们发现了一种处理食物垃圾的新方法。他们把没用过的榴莲果壳制成抗菌绷带。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了新加坡南洋理工大学(NTU)的科学家们利用废弃的榴莲果壳制成抗菌绷带。所以“Singapore Scientists Turning Fruit Leftovers into Bandages(新加坡科学家将水果的残留物制成绷带)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
D
What makes people so special? Tool use, self-consciousness, language, and culture are high on the list, but in fact all of these characteristics can be found elsewhere in the animal kingdom. Humans and apes are close relatives, so it is perhaps not surprising that chimpanzees use tools or that gorillas (大猩猩) have a sense of fair play, even rejecting carrots (which they normally accept) when they see their neighbors getting grapes. But the qualities that we often think of as uniquely human exist not just on land, but in the ocean as well.
Among the invertebrates, octopuses (八爪鱼) are known for their intelligence, even exhibiting evidence of playfulness, tool use, and personality. But these skilled predators live alone and consequently lack culture. Dolphins, on the other hand, are large-brained, long-living, social- group-based predators, and it is here that we find the greatest similarity to human-like culture and awareness.
Culture depends on the ability of animals to pass on things they have learned to others. Many animals have culture in this sense, but what sets dolphins apart is what they pass on. Some bottlenose dolphins hold sponges in their mouths that they use as tools to sweep for fish hiding on the ocean floor. This ability is handed down through generations (especially in females), with some families- grandmother, mother, and daughter - all feeding in this highly specialized way.
Another characteristic that dolphins share with humans is their ability to recognize themselves in a mirror. When facing a mirror, most animals behave as though they are interacting with another individual. Even in humans, the ability to recognize that the image in a mirror is oneself does not occur before the age of 18 months. Dolphins not only recognize themselves, but if a black mark is put on the body of a dolphin, it will spend extra time at the mirror to look at the mark.
12. The example of gorillas rejecting carrots shows they ________.
A. are not easy to fool
B. prefer fruit to vegetables
C. have a special taste for food
D. have an awareness of equality
13. What do octopuses lack compared with dolphins?
A. Social interaction. B. Intelligence.
C. Tool using ability. D. Fun-loving spirits.
14. What makes dolphin culture special?
A. They tend to hunt in groups.
B. Their hunting skills are passed down.
C. Their learning environment is favourable.
D. Their families are typically female-controlled.
15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Dolphins enjoy looking at their own reflection in the mirror.
B. Dolphins are as intelligent as a typical 18-month-old human baby.
C. Dolphins are generally regarded as the most advanced non-human species.
D. Dolphins’ ability to recognize their own reflection is a higher-order mental skill.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了是什么让人类如此特别? 工具使用、自我意识、语言和文化都排在前列，但事实上，所有这些特征都可以在动物王国的其他地方找到，并以海豚为例，说明了海豚文化和海豚的心智技能。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Humans and apes are close relatives, so it is perhaps not surprising that chimpanzees use tools or that gorillas (大猩猩) have a sense of fair play, even rejecting carrots (which they normally accept) when they see their neighbors getting grapes.”（人类和猿类是近亲，所以黑猩猩会使用工具或者大猩猩有公平竞争的意识也就不足为奇了，当它们看到自己的邻居拿葡萄时，它们甚至会拒绝胡萝卜(它们通常会接受)）可知大猩猩拒绝胡萝卜的例子表明它们有平等意识。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Among the invertebrates, octopuses (八爪鱼) are known for their intelligence, even exhibiting evidence of playfulness, tool use, and personality. But these skilled predators live alone and consequently lack culture. Dolphins, on the other hand, are large-brained, long-living, social- group-based predators, and it is here that we find the greatest similarity to human-like culture and awareness.”（在无脊椎动物中，章鱼以它们的智力而闻名，甚至显示出顽皮、使用工具和个性的证据。 但这些熟练的捕食者独自生活，因此缺乏文化。 另一方面，海豚是脑容量大、寿命长、以社会群体为基础的掠食者，正是在这里，我们发现了它们与类人文化和意识的最大相似之处）可知和海豚相比，章鱼缺少社会互动。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Many animals have culture in this sense, but what sets dolphins apart is what they pass on. Some bottlenose dolphins hold sponges in their mouths that they use as tools to sweep for fish hiding on the ocean floor. This ability is handed down through generations (especially in females), with some families- grandmother, mother, and daughter - all feeding in this highly specialized way.”（从这个意义上说，许多动物都有文化，但让海豚与众不同的是它们传承的文化。 一些宽吻海豚嘴里衔着海绵，它们用海绵作为工具来清扫躲藏在海底的鱼类。 这种能力代代相传(尤其是雌性)，一些家庭——祖母、母亲和女儿——都以这种高度专门化的方式喂养 ）可知让海豚文化如此特别的是它们的狩猎技巧代代相传。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Dolphins not only recognize themselves, but if a black mark is put on the body of a dolphin, it will spend extra time at the mirror to look at the mark.”（海豚不仅能认出自己，而且如果海豚身上有一个黑色的标记，它会花额外的时间在镜子前看这个标记）可推知海豚识别自己倒影的能力是一种更高阶的心智技能。 故选D。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，共 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 选项中有两项为多余选项。
Motivation is the desire to act in service of a goal. It’s the crucial element in setting and attaining our objectives. Some of the most common goals people make—and the most common goals they struggle to meet—are to eat healthier, work out more, and save more money. Many traps can prevent people from achieving those goals, but predicting those challenges can help achieve real change.
Many people struggle to stick to a diet. Research suggests that extrinsic (外在的) motivators—to avoid hurtful comments or fit into an outfit—can jumpstart the process but that intrinsic motivation—interest, enjoyment, and challenge in the journey—is key to sustained, lasting weight loss.____16____So it’s helpful to choose a diet that will be sustainable and effective and believe that the diet, start date, and end goals have been chosen autonomously and not “assigned” by others.
There are a few creative ideas to consider if motivation is a barrier to exercise. One is to widen the options you have: If you don’t have time to go to the gym, exercise by going for a walk, doing a bodyweight circuit, or watching a yoga video.____17____Yet you can also establish a social contract with a friend or family member. For example, if you allow phone time to replace exercise, you must donate to a cause of the other person’s choosing.
____18____The first is to set a specific saving goal for an emergency fund. This focused goal will build habits that become sustainable saving. The second is to save something every day, even if it’s just a few dollars, because repeat helps to form habits. Third, making savings visible, whether by checking a savings account online or keeping cash in a glass jar.____19____ In addition to cultivating a saving attitude, it’s important to change a spending mindset.
Most people, unfortunately, fail to follow through on their New Year’s resolutions. This might be because people tend to set overwhelming goals, engage in all-or-nothing thinking, don’t predict barriers, and beat themselves up when they get off track. By addressing those traps, people are more likely to truly achieve their goals.
Motivation is one of the driving forces behind human behavior. It fuels competition and sparks social connection. Its absence can lead to mental illnesses such as depression. ____20____ It’s the key factors in setting and achieving our goals.
A. It is helpful to find a community of supporters.
B. People can break large goals into smaller pieces.
C. Eventually, consistently spend less than you make.
D. The following steps can help cultivate the habit of saving money.
E. Intrinsic motivation includes competence autonomy, and relatedness.
F. Motivation includes the desire toward meaning, purpose, and a life worth living.
G. Another is to make exercise more enjoyable, such as by listening to a book on tape.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. D 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章通过减肥和省钱两个例子，讲解了动力的分类和为自己创造动力的方法。说明动力是行为背后的主要驱动力之一。
【16题详解】
上文“Research suggests that extrinsic motivators—to avoid hurtful comments or fit into an outfit—can jumpstart the process but that intrinsic motivation—interest, enjoyment, and challenge in the journey—is key to sustained, lasting weight loss. (研究表明，外在的动机——避免伤害性的评价或为了穿某件衣服——可以启动这个过程，但内在的动机——兴趣，享受和过程中的挑战——是持续，持久减肥的关键。)”空处承上启下，下文“So it’s helpful to choose a diet that will be sustainable and effective and believe that the diet, start date, and end goals have been chosen autonomously and not “assigned” by others. (因此，选择一种能够持续有效的饮食方式是很有帮助的，并且相信节食，开始的日期和最终目标是自主选择的，而不是由他人“指派”。)” 空前讲了外在动机和内在动机的区别。空后讲人们要选择一种持续有效的方式减肥。所以空处承上启下，说明内在动力的含义和内容。故E选项“内在动机包括能力、自主性和关联性”符合语境。故选E项。
【17题详解】
上文“One is to widen the options you have: If you don’t have time to go to the gym, exercise by going for a walk, doing a bodyweight circuit, or watching a yoga video. (一个是扩大你的选择：如果你没有时间去健身房，可以通过散步，做自重运动，或看瑜伽视频来锻炼。)”因为句中有“one”,讲了第一种让自己有动力运动的方式。所以接下来应该讲另外一种方式。故G选项“另一种方法是让锻炼变得更有趣，比如听磁带看书。”符合语境。故选G项。
【18题详解】
下文“The first is to set a specific saving goal for an emergency fund. The second is to save something every day, even if it’s just a few dollars. (首先是为应急基金设定一个具体的储蓄目标。第二是每天都要节省一些东西，哪怕只是几块钱。)”说明了前两个步骤，因此空中应填总结性的句子。故D选项“下面的步骤可以帮助培养存钱的习惯”符合语境。故选D项。
【19题详解】
上文“Third, making savings visible, whether by checking a savings account online or keeping cash in a glass jar. (第三，让储蓄看得见，无论是通过在线检查储蓄账户，还是将现金放在玻璃罐中。)”空处承上启下，下文“In addition to cultivating a saving attitude, it’s important to change a spending mindset. (除了培养储蓄态度外，改变消费心态也很重要。)”空前讲了三种省钱的方式，空处应该讲第四种方法。故C选项“最后，坚持花得比挣得少”符合语境。故选C项。
【20题详解】
上文“Motivation is one of the driving forces behind human behavior. It fuels competition and sparks social connection. Its absence can lead to mental illnesses such as depression. (动机是人类行为背后的驱动力之一。它助长了竞争，激发了社会联系。它的缺失会导致精神疾病，如抑郁症。)”下文“It’s the key factors in setting and achieving our goals. (这是制定和实现我们目标的关键因素。)”因为上下文都在讨论“motivation(动力)”，所以空处也和动力有关。动机包括对意义，对目标和有价值的生活的渴望。这是我们定制实现目标的关键。故F选项“动机包括对意义、目的和生活价值的渴望”。故选F项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My mother used to say that when your mother was really good at something, you didn’t learn to do it. What she said was ____21____. My grandmother was skilled in baking and cooking, but my mother was a barely ____22____ cook for our family of seven. We didn’t ____23____; we had meat, potatoes and another vegetable at every meal out of a can.
Baking was not Mom’s ____24____, so on Saturday mornings, she would ____25____ us to the bakery for fresh cake. Mom did learn to make the ____26____ Dad loved — bacon and eggs, spare ribs (排骨) and, ____27____, potato salad. Potato salad was my mom’s major ____28____ to every summer, ____29____ eating such a dish on a hot July day wasn’t a good idea. Mayonnaise (蛋黄酱) in it could be difficult to ____30____ and you might have to go to the bathroom frequently.
Case in point: the time my uncle and aunt and their six kids ____31____ at the lake with us. The ____32____ included burgers, burnt or slightly raw, lots of pop, and Mom’s potato salad. We spent hours at the lake. Unfortunately, so did the salad.
____33____, I realize that polishing off Mom’s potato salad may have been the reason that Dad finally built us a second bathroom, which ____34____ that everything can have a bright side. My mother didn’t ____35____ in the kitchen, but I miss her cooking so much.
21. A. crazy B. true C. simple D. strange
22. A. additional B. efficient C. acceptable D. instant
23. A. attend B. refuse C. starve D. escape
24. A. strength B. course C. challenge D. dream
25. A. expose B. hire C. send D. compare
26. A. clothes B. foods C. drinks D. tools
27. A. hardly B. immediately C. equally D. particularly
28. A. contribution B. adjustment C. introduction D. reference
29. A. since B. although C. if D. unless
30. A. discover B. select C. understand D. digest
31. A. fought B. swam C. rested D. picnicked
32. A. price B. bill C. menu D. tour
33. A. Turning around B. Looking back C. Going away D. Moving on
34. A. guarantees B. claims C. proves D. assumes
35 A. shine B. cook C. sing D. stand
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者回忆了妈妈做的菜，指出虽然妈妈并不擅长厨艺，但作者还是想念她做的菜。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说的话是正确的。A. crazy疯狂的；B. true真实的，正确的；C. simple简单的；D. strange奇怪的，陌生的。上文“My mother used to say that when your mother was really good at something, you didn’t learn to do it.(我妈妈曾经说过，当你的妈妈非常擅长某件事时，你不会学着去做)”和下一句内容讲祖母很擅长烘焙和烹饪，但是妈妈不擅长做饭，所以此处指她说的话是正确的。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的祖母擅长烘焙和烹饪，但对于我们一家七口来说，妈妈的厨艺差强人意。A. additional额外的；B. efficient效率高的；C. acceptable可接受的；D. instant立刻的。根据上文“My grandmother was skilled in baking and cooking”及转折词but可知，祖母很擅长厨艺，但是妈妈的厨艺几乎无法令人接受，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们没有挨饿；我们每顿饭都有肉、土豆和其他蔬菜，都是罐装的。A. attend参加；B. refuse拒绝；C. starve挨饿；D. escape逃跑。根据下文“we had meat, potatoes and another vegetable at every meal out of a can”可知，我们没有挨饿。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：烘焙不是妈妈的强项，所以周六早上，她会让我们去面包店买新鲜的蛋糕。A. strength优势；B. course课程；C. challenge挑战；D. dream梦想。根据下文“she would ____5____ us to the bakery for fresh cake”可知，烘焙不是妈妈的优势，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. expose暴露；B. hire租用；C. send派遣，打发；D. compare比较。根据空后“to the bakery for fresh cake”可知，妈妈打发我们去面包店买新鲜的蛋糕，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈确实学会了做爸爸爱吃的食物——熏肉、鸡蛋、排骨，尤其是土豆沙拉。A. clothes衣服；B. foods食物；C. drinks饮料；D. tools工具。根据破折号后“bacon and eggs, spare ribs (排骨)and, ____7____ , potato salad”可知，妈妈学习做爸爸爱吃的食物，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. hardly几乎不；B. immediately立即；C. equally平等地；D. particularly尤其，特别是。根据下一句“Potato salad was my mom’s major ____8____ to every summer”可知，妈妈尤其会做土豆沙拉，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：土豆沙拉是我妈妈每年夏天的主要贡献，尽管在炎热的7月吃这样的菜不是一个好主意。A. contribution贡献；B. adjustment调整；C. introduction介绍；D. reference参考。结合语境可知，妈妈尤其会做土豆沙拉，所以此处指这道菜是妈妈每年夏天的主要贡献，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意同上。A. since自从，因为；B. although尽管，虽然；C. if如果；D. unless除非。结合句意可知，此处表示让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：里面的蛋黄酱可能很难消化，你可能要经常上厕所。A. discover发现；B. select选择；C. understand理解；D. digest消化。根据下文“you might have to go to the bathroom frequently”可知，土豆沙拉里面的蛋黄酱很难消化，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：举个恰当的例子：有一次我叔叔、阿姨和他们的六个孩子和我们一起在湖边野餐。A. fought与……作斗争；B. swam游泳；C. rested休息；D. picnicked去野餐。结合语境及“at the lake”可知，此处指在湖边野餐，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：菜单上有汉堡，烤的或稍微生的，很多汽水，还有妈妈做的土豆沙拉。A. price价格；B. bill账单；C. menu菜单；D. tour旅行。根据下文“burgers, burnt or slightly raw, lots of pop, and Mom’s potato salad”可知，此处指菜单上有各种食物，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：回想起来，我意识到，可能是把妈妈的土豆沙拉迅速吃光的原因，爸爸终于给我们建了第二间浴室，这证明了任何事情都有好的一面。A. Turning around转身；B. Looking back回顾；C. Going away走开；D. Moving on继续前进。根据语境及“I realize that…”可知，此处指作者回顾过往意识到的事，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. guarantees保证；B. claims声称；C. proves证明；D. assumes假设。结合语境可知，因为把妈妈的土豆沙拉迅速吃光，所以爸爸终于给我们建了第二间浴室，说明这件事证明了任何事情都有好的一面，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的妈妈在厨房里并不出众，但我非常想念她做的菜。A. shine发光，出色；B. cook烹饪；C. sing唱歌；D. stand忍受。根据上文内容及“but I miss her cooking so much”可知，此处指虽然妈妈不擅长厨艺，但是作者还是想念她做的菜。故选A。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was Dragon Boat Day. Shiny white tents lined the waterfront, _____36_____(provide) shade and refreshments for Dragon Boat paddlers (桨手) from all over California, _____37_____ gathered around the Castaic Lake for a festive competition.
Giggling kids raced cheerfully along the lakeside beach, _____38_____ their parents enjoying the shady picnic areas under the trees along the shore. “It’s a great day out, ”said Paul Lin, co-founder for Castaic’s own Dragon Eyes team.
Dragonboat racing has been going on for thousands of years in China, _____39_____(origin) in honor of the Chinese water dragon deity (神) in an effort to call down rain _____40_____avoid misfortune and disaster.
In the race, a drummer_____41_____(use) a large traditional wooden drum to keep the paddlers on beat, while a steersman in the back keeps them in their lane.
Lin said a friend got him _____42_____(involve) in dragon boat racing over a decade ago. In 2018, they _____43_____(decide) to host their own festival. “There’s something really special to be learned from our dragon boat motto: One Boat, One Beat,” he said. “Paddlers come from all walks of life and that kind of closeness with people is nowhere else to be seen.”
“We really want to help expand_____44_____ (aware) and grow the sport,” Lin said. “We’re hoping one day it’ll become ______45______Olympic sport.”
【答案】36. providing
37. who 38. with
39. originally
40. and 41. uses
42. involved
43. decided
44. awareness
45. an
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统的龙舟比赛在美国加州的卡斯泰克湖举行的盛况。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：闪亮的白色帐篷排列在湖边码头，为来自加州各地并在卡斯泰克湖周围聚集参加节日比赛的龙舟桨手提供了阴凉和茶点。分析句子结构可知，空白处应填入非谓语动词形式。provide意为“提供”，和它的逻辑主语tents为逻辑上的主谓关系，应填入现在分词形式作状语，故填providing。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，句子为以paddlers为先行词的非限制性定语从句，先行词paddlers指人,关系词在句中做主语，用关系代词who。故填who。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：咯咯笑着的孩子们沿着湖边的沙滩欢快地奔跑，他们的父母在岸边树下的野餐区享受着阴凉。分析句子结构，句中“__________ their parents enjoying the shady picnic areas under the trees along the shore ”为with的复合结构，在句中做伴随状语，故填with。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：赛龙舟在中国已经有数千年的历史，最初是为了纪念水神或龙神，目的是为了求雨并避开厄运与灾难。分析句子可知，副词originally作状语修饰后面的介词短语“in honor of the Chinese water dragon deity ”，故填originally。
【40题详解】
考查连词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，“call down rain”和“avoid misfortune and disaster”之间是并列关系，应使用并列连词，故填and。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：在比赛中，敲鼓手敲响传统的大木鼓使桨手保持节奏，同时后面的舵手保持航向。根据句意，“在比赛中，敲鼓手敲响传统的大木鼓”是一个客观事实，应使用一般现在时，又因为句子的主语drummer是单数第三人称，故填uses。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Lin说，十几年前一位朋友让他参加了龙舟比赛。分析句子可知，空白处应填入非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是前面的him，两者之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应使用过去分词表被动，故填involved。
【43题详解】
考查时态。句意：2018年，他们决定举办自己的节日。根据句中的时间状语“In 2018”可知句子陈述的是过去发生的事情，谓语动词应使用一般过去时的形式，故填decided。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：Lin说，我们真的希望扩大人们对赛龙舟的认知并把这项运动发扬光大。分析句子结构可知，空白处做动词expand的宾语，应使用名词awareness，不可数，故填awareness。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我们希望有一天它能成为一项奥运会的运动项目。分析句子可知，泛指一项奥林匹克运动项目应使用不定冠词，且空白处后面的“Olympic”的第一个音素为元音音素，故填an。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46. 假定你是李华，中国农历正月14—16日你市将举办元宵节文化活动。你校外教John对中国传统文化很感兴趣，请用英语写一封信，邀请他一起参加活动，内容包括：
1. 写信的目的；
2. 活动的时间和地点；
3. 活动的内容和意义。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear John,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear John,
Since you’re keen on Chinese traditional culture, I’d like to invite you to the Lantern Festival activities, which will take place in the Culture Square from February 14 to February 16 of Chinese lunar calendar.
The activities involve some fascinating performances like lion dances, stilt walking and land boat rowing. We can also appreciate various handmade lanterns and guess the riddles on them or taste yuanxiao, a typical food for the festival. All the activities will help preserve and promote Chinese traditional culture and I believe it will be a rewarding experience.
Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教约翰写信，邀请他一起参加元宵节文化活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
包括：involve→include
精彩的：fascinating→wonderful
欣赏：appreciate→enjoy
保护：preserve→protect
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We can also appreciate various handmade lanterns and guess the riddles on them or taste yuanxiao, a typical food for the festival.
拓展句：We can also appreciate various handmade lanterns and guess the riddles on them or taste yuanxiao which is a typical food for the festival.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Since you’re keen on Chinese traditional culture, I’d like to invite you to the Lantern Festival activities, which will take place in the Culture Square from February 14 to February 16 of Chinese lunar calendar.（运用了since引导原因状语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】All the activities will help preserve and promote Chinese traditional culture and I believe it will be a rewarding experience.（运用了省略that引导宾语从句）
第二节(满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When the last customer left KFC, it was already 10:30 pm. Adam, an 18-year-old college student, dragged himself home. He had been working at KFC for over a month that summer vacation.
Entering his room, Adam found his younger brother Bill sitting on the edge of his bed with an uneasy expression on his face.
“Sorry, Adam. I … I did something wrong,” Bill sprang up and said nervously.
“What is it?”
“This afternoon I sneaked (溜) out for a ride on your motorcycle and accidentally hit our neighbor Osman Brook’s car. I was so scared and I … I hurried home in panic.”
“Is the car seriously damaged?”
“The left headlight got broken.”
“It’s truly your fault and it’s really dangerous to ride a motorcycle at your age. Besides, it’s illegal,” Adam raised his voice, obviously annoyed. Hearing this, Bill lowered his head and bit his lips hard.
“Anyway, it’s no use crying over spilt milk. I will deal with it tomorrow. Now you go to bed and have a good sleep.”
The next morning when Adam got up, Bill was still sleeping soundly. Adam was more determined about what he ought to do as an elder brother.
After breakfast, Adam took out all the money he had earned and went out of the house with it. In the yard he saw his motorcycle, on whose side the scratches (划痕) were clearly visible. Adam shook his head and sighed slightly. Then he squared his shoulders and quickened his pace to Osman’s house.
When he arrived, he was welcomed by Osman’s wife Mary, who told him that Osman had gone to the garage to have his car repaired.
“I have something important to tell him. Can I wait until he comes back?” Adam requested eagerly.
“Of course. He should be home soon,” Mary invited Adam in, served him a cup of coffee and began chatting with him.
After half an hour, the door opened and in came Osman. Having said hello to each other, Osman and Adam both sat down on the sofa.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Adam cleared his throat and began to speak.
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Just then, there came a knock at the door.
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【答案】One possible version
Adam cleared his throat and began to speak. “Mr. Brook, I’m here to make an apology. Yesterday afternoon my brother Bill damaged your car and ran away in panic. We are awfully sorry for that.” “Oh, I see. But it’s no big deal,” Osman smiled. Then Adam drew out the money from his pocket and said to Osman with sincerity, “This is all the money I have. I wonder if it can pay for your loss.” However, Osman insisted that it was only minor damage and declined to take it.
Just then, there came a knock at the door. Osman went to answer it, only to find Bill standing outside. “Morning, Mr. Brook. I … I’ve come to say sorry for …” Bill stammered. But Osman laughed and let him in. The two brothers were both surprised and glad to see each other. Osman gave them a thumbs-up and praised them happily, “Good boys, I truly appreciate your honesty. Just forget about my car.” Whatever the boys said, Osman wouldn’t take the money. Finally, he accepted their suggestion that they make it up to him by doing some work in his garden.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在肯德基打暑假工的亚当深夜回家后得知弟弟比尔偷开他的摩托车还把邻居奥斯曼的汽车的左前灯撞坏了，尽管亚当很生气，但是第二天一早带着打工赚的钱就去奥斯曼家道歉，他正要掏钱赔偿时，比尔也来了，奥斯曼很欣赏兄弟俩的诚实，没有收钱，但是接受了他们在他家花园里干点活来补偿他的损失的建议。
【详解】 1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“亚当清了清嗓子，开始说话。”可知，第一段可描写亚当为弟弟的过错向奥斯曼道歉，并愿意赔偿，但是奥斯曼认为没有必要赔偿了。
②由第二段首句内容“正在这时，传来了敲门声。”可知，第二段可描写比尔也来道歉，奥斯曼很欣赏兄弟俩的诚实，坚决不收钱，但是接受了两人在花园里干点活来补偿他的损失的建议。
2.续写线索：亚当道歉并赔偿——奥斯曼拒绝赔偿——比尔上门道歉——奥斯曼欣赏两人的诚实——奥斯曼拒绝接受赔偿但接受帮干园艺活的建议
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.道歉：make an apology/apologize/say sorry
②.取出：draw out/take out
③.拒绝：decline/refuse politely
情绪类
①.非常抱歉：be awfully sorry/feel most regretful
②.惊慌地：in panic/in alarm
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Osman insisted that it was only minor damage and declined to take it.（由连接词that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2].Osman went to answer it, only to find Bill standing outside. （由不定式短语作状语，表意料之外的结果）
[高分句型3].Whatever the boys said, Osman wouldn’t take the money.（whatever引导的让步状语从句）