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2022-2023学年山东省菏泽市高一上学期期末英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年山东省菏泽市高一上学期期末英语试题（解析版），共27页。试卷主要包含了考生必须保持答题卡的整洁等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年度高一第一学期学习质量检测
高一英语试题
本试卷共8页，由四部分组成。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先擦掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
第一部分:听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，播音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What did the woman do over the weekend?
A. She went hiking.
B. She visited a museum.
C. She borrowed some books from a library.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: How was your weekend? Did you go hiking?
W: No, but it was fun! I went to a museum, bought some books in a used book store, and went dancing.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is across the street from the man’s house?
A. A basketball court. B. Jill's new apartment. C. The apartment of Jill’s aunt.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Jill! I thought I saw you in my neighborhood yesterday.
W: My parents and I are staying with my aunt while our apartment is being decorated. She lives right across the street from you! Why don’t we come over tomorrow after my basketball practice?
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What's wrong with the girl's shoes?
A. They're not in fashion.
B. They're not suitable for P.E.
C. They do not match her jacket.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Those are cute shoes.You have the best fashion sense!
W: Thanks. They match my jacket perfectly, but I wish I hadn't decided to wear them today.I can't keep up with the class.
M: Yeah, the teacher said we should have sports shoes for P.E.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much time do the speakers have to play soccer?
A. About two hours. B. About four hours. C. About six hours.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Let's go play soccer!
M: That sounds fun! I just have to be home by dinner-time, around six o'clock.
W: OK. It's four o'clock now, so we'll have plenty of time.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. A couple. B. Co-workers. C. Friends.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Don’t try to take the usual route to work today, Jen. They’ve blocked off Highway 45.
W: OK, thanks, honey! I can’t be late for my big speech. Can you get some pizza for dinner on your way home later?I have a long day ahead.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What does the man want the woman to do?
A. Help him to stop smoking. B. Go running with him. C. Talk with his friends.
7. Why does the man plan to stop smoking?
A. Because smoking costs him a lot.
B. Because he suffers from bad health.
C. Because his parents ask him to do so.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Jenny, I’m going to stop smoking.
W: Good for you, John. It has cost you a lot. But it is really difficult.
M: Yeah, that’s why I am telling you. My friends will laugh at me when I tell them. But I think you will help me.
W: Your parents ask you to stop it?
M: No. That’s because when I go running, I can hardly breathe.
W: I’ll help you. Whenever you want a cigarette, call me and I’ll take your mind off it.
M: Thanks, Jenny, I’ll do it.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What happened to the man?
A. He was pushed into a pool. B. He fell into a pool. C. He was hit by a bus.
9. How did the man get home?
A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. On foot.
10. How was the man's day?
A. Terrible. B. Surprising. C. Interesting.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, David. How was your day?
M: Don't ask! It was terrible!
W: You poor thing! What on earth happened?
M: Well, at about eleven o'clock this morning, I was skateboarding in the park.
W: Oh yes? Did you see Tony there?
M: No. Luckily, I didn't see anyone I know.
W: What do you mean "luckily"?
M: To start with, I wasn't looking where I was going and I fell off my skateboard.I landed in a pool. I was really dirty!
W: Oh no! What did you do?
M: Well, I was getting on the bus to come home when the driver shouted at me.He didn't let me on the bus because I was wet and dirty. And I didn't have any money for a taxi.I walked all the way home!
W: Oh dear!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. How does the woman feel now?
A. Tired. B. Worried. C. Calm.
12. Why doesn’t the man agree with the woman’s suggestion at first?
A. Because he doesn’t want to leave the children.
B. Because they don’t have enough money.
C. Because he doesn’t want to trouble his parents.
13. What relation is the man to the woman?
A. Her workmate. B. Her brother. C. Her husband.
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. C
【解析】
【原文】W: I really need a holiday. I am so worn-out by working all day and then having to clean the house and cook every evening.
M: I don’t know if we can afford a vacation right now, and I’m really busy with work at the moment.
W: Oh, please, it’ll be wonderful. Just you and me together, without a care in the world. It doesn’t have to be too expensive either. We can go to Europe in a car and we can leave the children with our parents. It’s been a long time since they saw their grandparents.
M: Well, I have been so stressed at work lately. A vacation could just help me relax.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What do we know about the shop?
A. It has a car park. B. It is often crowded. C. It is near a bus station.
15. Why does the woman suggest going to the supermarket?
A. Because it will get crowded later on.
B. Because it is close to their home.
C. Because there is a lot of paint to choose.
16. What did the speakers discuss last night?
A. Where to buy the paint. B. What color paint to buy. C. Whether to buy the paint.
17. What will the speakers do first?
A. Shop for food. B. Have dinner. C. Buy the paint.
【答案】14. C 15. A 16. B 17. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Have you got the shopping list?
W: Yes. Here it is. Let me see...fruit, vegetables, cheese, meat, paint...
M: Let's go and get the paint first.I think the shop outside the bus station would be best. There's a car park in the next street.
W: Just a minute.I think we should go to the supermarket first. It gets so crowded later on. And then we can get the vegetables in the market.We can pick up the paint on the way home.
M: It seems likely to take ages to select the paint. I'm not sure about the color.
W: But we discussed that last night.You said you wanted yellow.
M: No, I didn't say I wanted yellow.I think we should look at some of the other colors before we decide
W: Then we'd better go and choose the paint first.
M: All right. If it takes too long, we can forget about shopping for food and we can go out to restaurant for dinner.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. How many key cultural sites are expected to be listed under state protection in 2020 in China?
A. 1,800. B. 1,000. C. 770.
19. What did the Chinese government do with the cultural sites in the 1990s?
A. It passed new laws to protect them.
B. It spent much money on their protection.
C. It used special technology to protect them.
20. In what aspect does the Chinese government protect cultural cities?
A. Agricultural technology.
B. The natural environment.
C. Ancient buildings and traditional cultures.
【答案】18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, everyone. Next let's move to China. Since1996, the Chinese government has listed 770 key cultural protection. The number of key sites under state cultural sites under state protection is expected to reach1, 800 in 2020. In the 1990s, the government spent a lot of money in protecting cultural sites. Special money by the Central Government for the protection of cultural sites reached some 700 million yuan for about1, 000 projects. And the Law on Cultural Relics Protection was re-examined in October 2002. So far, the Chinese government has listed more than 100 national famous cultural cities under key protection, and also more than 80 provincial ones. The protection of these cities includes both the protection of the ancient buildings and the traditional cultures of the ancient cities as well. As a large traditional agricultural country, China has many ancient villages. The natural environments as well as folk culture and art are quite valuable. The cultural experts are planning a large protection project on ancient villages.
第二部分:阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
One Day University was founded by Steven Schragis in 2006. He came up with the idea after he dropped his daughter off at college in New York. The school had about a dozen professors giving short talks about a variety of subjects. All the parents had the same reaction: “I wish I were the one going to college!”
One Day University creates fascinating days of learning designed to inspire your mind. We work with over two hundred professors from the country’s top colleges. No matter what you love, you’ll find that every One Day U event is filled with exploratory talks that will challenge you as if you were a student in college once again! And just like your college days, you’re sure to meet new friends with a shared belief of learning. At One Day U, there’s no homework and no grades. Just learning for the sake of learning!
SATURDAY, JULY 21;9:30 am—4:00pm
Lisner Auditorium at George Washington University; Washington. DC
LITERATURE
9:30 am—10:35 am
The Lost Indian Culture
Jeremi Suri/University of Texas
Distinguished Teaching Award
SCIENCE
10:50 am—11:55 am
How the Brain Works
John Hall/University of Wisconsin-Madison
William H. Kiekhofer Distinguished Teaching Award
MUSIC
12:10 pm—1:15 pm
The History of Jazz
Anna Celenza/Georgetown University
Teacher-Scholar Award
Lunch break 1:15 pm—2:30pm
PSYCHOLOGY
2:30 pm—4:00 pm
Genius, Creativity and Depression
Jessica Payne/University of Notre Dame
Bok Center Award for Teaching Excellence
Live Event Full price: $125 Visit OneDayU.com or call 800-300-3438.
21. What do we know about One Day U?
A. It aims to reward college students.
B. It was founded by Steven Schragis and his daughter.
C. It is in cooperation with hundreds of top universities’ professors.
D. It is intended to help its participants get excellent grades at college.
22. Who will give talks about The History of Jazz?
A. John Hall. B. Jeremi Suri. C. Anna Celenza. D. Jessica Payne.
23. What’s the main purpose of the text?
A. To show the history of One Day U.
B. To advertise the events of One Day U.
C. To explain how to learn at One Day U.
D. To stress the great influence of One Day U.
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是One Day University这个活动。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“We work with over two hundred professors from the country’s top colleges to create events.(我们与来自全国顶尖大学的200多名教授合作举办活动。)”可知，One Day U与全国顶尖大学的200多名教授合作。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中倒数第三栏“MUSIC”部分的“The History of Jazz Anna Celenza/George-town University(爵士乐的历史：安娜·切伦扎/乔治城大学)”可知，Anna Celenza做关于爵士乐历史的演讲。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“At One Day U, there’s no homework and no grades. Just learning for the sake of learning!(在One Day U，没有作业，也没有分数。为学习而学习！)”可知，本文介绍的是One Day University这个活动，目的是为这个活动打广告。故选B。
B
In movies and books, people often describe a decisive moment when they figure out who they are. However, I never thought it actually happened in real life. I never expected to have a “moment” of my own. When it arrived, mine was much more powerful than I could have ever imagined.
During the spring of my junior year, my class watched a documentary called “The Invisible Children.” It was about three college students who take a trip to Africa and document their experience. At first the film was slightly humorous. However, once the group arrived in northern Uganda, the mood changed. They learned what the consequences of a 23-year war had been for thousands of children. Some had lost family and friends, others were caught by the opposing force and became child soldiers.
Before long, I was sobbing. I couldn’t believe these things were happening, yet at the same time I knew they were. I just hadn’t been paying attention, for in the past 17 years, I was blessedly protected. When the movie ended, I couldn’t get it out of my head. For the next week, I was not myself. Every bite of food I took I thought of Grace, the 15-year-old who had little to eat. When I went to bed, I pictured Sunday, the 14-year-old boy sleeping on a straw mat on the ground in a camp. My whole world shifted.
Since that day, I haven’t been able to picture my future in a way that doesn’t involve going to Africa and doing what I can to help. Ultimately, this is why I decided to major in engineering. With an engineering degree, my potential for change will be limitless. I will build wells and schools, and design irrigation systems. Engineering is tough, but I know—in what Yeats called “my deep heart’s call”—that this is what I’m supposed to do with my life.
24. How did the author think of a decisive moment at first?
A. It was impossible. B. It was unforgettable.
C. It was common. D. It was powerful.
25. How does the movie influence the author?
A. It amused him. B. It changed his perspectives of life.
C. It made him unsure of himself. D. It made him lose the desire to eat or sleep.
26. Why does the author choose to study engineering?
A. To achieve his goal. B. To be well acknowledged.
C. To challenge himself. D. To realize his childhood dream.
27. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Celebrity. B. Health. C. Education. D. Science.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在观看了《看不见的孩子》纪录片后，人生观被改变，决定主修工程学，来改变世界。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In movies and books, people often describe a decisive moment when they figure out who they are. However, I never thought it actually happened in real life. I never expected to have a “moment” of my own.(在电影和书中，人们经常描述一个决定性的时刻，那就是当他们弄清楚自己是谁的时候。然而，我从未想过这真的发生在现实生活中。我从没想过会有属于自己的“时刻”)”可知，作者最初认为这个决定性时刻是不可能的。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“My whole world shifted.(我的整个世界都改变了)”可知，电影改变了作者的人生观。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ultimately, this is why I decided to major in engineering. With an engineering degree, my potential for change will be limitless. I will build wells and schools, and design irrigation systems. Engineering is tough, but I know—in what Yeats called “my deep heart’s call”—that this is what I’m supposed to do with my life.(最终，这就是我决定主修工程学的原因。有了工程学位，我改变世界的潜力将是无限的。我要建造水井和学校，设计灌溉系统。工程是艰难的，但我知道——叶芝称之为“我内心深处的呼唤”——这就是我应该在我的生命中做的事情)”可知，作者选择工程专业是为了达到他的目标。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章主要讲述了作者在观看了《看不见的孩子》纪录片后，人生观被改变，决定主修工程学，来改变世界。可推知，文章选自报纸的“教育”版面。故选C。
C
Zhaobi can be found outside the entrance of a variety of buildings, not to be confused with yingbi which are similar structures found on the other side of the gate, and in their earliest form during the western Zhou dynasty (c.11th century -771BC), were built to serve the function of a wealth and power symbol. They were allowed for only the highest members of society, noblemen, dukes and princes. Seeing zhaobi outside a building would let passers-by know that this is the residence of someone of extreme importance, while also serving the practical function of protecting privacy by blocking the entrance from any spying eyes.
With the passing of time and social changes, by the Tang (618-907) and later Song (960-1279) dynasties, there was less exclusivity about who could build zhaobi, but more importantly there was also a change in the meaning and purpose of the walls. Instead of representing social position, zhaobi took on a more mysterious purpose, coming to play a role in the form of fengshui, a practice which focused on achieving harmony and balance in all things.
It was believed that as well as functioning as a physical block for one’s privacy, zhaobi would act as a deterrent against gui, or wandering dangerous spirits, which would attempt to harm a home, but being unable to turn corners, zhaobi would prevent such action. As well as offering this spiritual protection, their location would allow for better flow of qi, or important energy, helping to conserve it in the building.
Moving further forward in time, zhaobi became more of a form of artistic expression and creativity, with poetry, paintings and characters representing luck and good fortune appearing on the walls, with families using zhaobi as a platform to tell their family history and achievements.
28. Which of the following can replace the underlined word?
A. strength B. fortune C. entrance D. protection
29. How many functions of zhaobi are mentioned in the text?
A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7
30. How is the text developed?
A. By following the time order. B. By making a comparison
C. By showing examples. D. By listing figures
31. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The difference between zhaobi and yingbi. B. The changes in the functions of zhaobi.
C. A general introduction of zhaobi. D. The long history of zhaobi.
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了照壁的主要功能以及变化。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“against gui, or wandering dangerous spirits, which would attempt to harm a home, but being unable to turn corners, zhaobi would prevent such action”可知，照壁可以用来保护家里不受鬼的侵害，因为鬼无法转弯，照壁可以阻止它们。故画线词意思是“保护”。故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Seeing zhaobi outside a building would let passers-by know that this is the residence of someone of extreme importance, while also serving the practical function of protecting privacy by blocking the entrance from any spying eyes.(在建筑物外看到照壁，行人就会知道这是一个非常重要的人的住所，同时也起到了保护隐私的实际作用，阻止了任何窥视的眼睛)”；第二段中“Instead of representing social position, zhaobi took on a more mysterious purpose, coming to play a role in the form of fengshui, a practice which focused on achieving harmony and balance in all things. (照壁并没有代表社会地位，而是有了一个更神秘的目的，以风水的形式发挥作用，这是一种专注于实现万物和谐与平衡的实践)”；倒数第二段“It was believed that as well as functioning as a physical block for one’s privacy, zhaobi would act as a deterrent against gui, or wandering dangerous spirits, which would attempt to harm a home, but being unable to turn corners, zhaobi would prevent such action. As well as offering this spiritual protection, their location would allow for better flow of qi, or important energy, helping to conserve it in the building.(人们相信，照壁不仅可以作为一个人的隐私的实体屏障，还可以威慑那些企图破坏房屋的妖怪，因为鬼无法转弯，所以可以阻止这种行为。在提供这种精神保护的同时，它们的位置还能让气（重要的能量）更好地流动，有助于在建筑中保存气)”以及最后一段“Moving further forward in time, zhaobi became more of a form of artistic expression and creativity, with poetry, paintings and characters representing luck and good fortune appearing on the walls, with families using zhaobi as a platform to tell their family history and achievements.(随着时间的推移，照壁越来越成为一种艺术表达和创造力的形式，代表吉祥和好运的诗歌、绘画和人物出现在墙上，家庭用照壁作为平台来讲述他们的家族史和成就)”可知，提到了六个功能。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Zhaobi can be found outside the entrance of a variety of buildings, not to be confused with yingbi which are similar structures found on the other side of the gate, and in their earliest form during the western Zhou dynasty (c.11th century -771BC), were built to serve the function of a wealth and power symbol.(照壁位于各种建筑的入口外，不要与应璧混淆，应璧是在大门的另一侧发现的类似结构，其最早的形式是在西周时期（公元前11世纪-公元前771年），是用来作为财富和权力的象征)”以及第二段中“With the passing of time and social changes, by the Tang (618-907) and later Song (960-1279) dynasties, there was less exclusivity about who could build zhaobi, but more importantly there was also a change in the meaning and purpose of the walls.(随着时间的推移和社会的变化，到了唐朝(618-907年)和后来的宋朝(960-1279年)，谁能建造照壁的排他性减少了，但更重要的是，照壁的意义和用途也发生了变化)”可推知，文章按照时间顺序展开。故选A。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“With the passing of time and social changes, by the Tang (618-907) and later Song (960-1279) dynasties, there was less exclusivity about who could build zhaobi, but more importantly there was also a change in the meaning and purpose of the walls.(随着时间的推移和社会的变化，到了唐朝(618-907年)和后来的宋朝(960-1279年)，谁能建造照壁的排他性减少了，但更重要的是，照壁的意义和用途也发生了变化)”以及最后一段“Moving further forward in time, zhaobi became more of a form of artistic expression and creativity, with poetry, paintings and characters representing luck and good fortune appearing on the walls, with families using zhaobi as a platform to tell their family history and achievements.(随着时间的推移，照壁越来越成为一种艺术表达和创造力的形式，代表吉祥和好运的诗歌、绘画和人物出现在墙上，家庭用照壁作为平台来讲述他们的家族史和成就)”可知，这篇文章的主旨是照壁功能的变化。故选B。
D
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the nation’s top industry regulator, called for lasting efforts to break key technological bottlenecks such as operating systems. Vice-Minister of Industry and Information Technology Wang Jiangping said at a meeting on Wednesday that persistence(毅力)is needed to develop key technologies and more efforts will be made to increase the supply ability of operating systems and other services.
An operating system or OS is the foundational software that powers a digital device(设备). Google’s Android, Apple’s iOS and Huawei’s Harmony OS are among the leading OSs that power smartphones or smart devices, while Microsoft’s Windows is considered the market leader in personal computer OSs. Operating system is a key area that Chinese companies are working on to reduce their dependence on foreign companies due to the US government’s limitation. Huawei Technologies Co is continuing its drive for development of the OpenEuler operating system as part of its broader push to solve China’s lack of homegrown operating systems for basic digital technologies.
The OpenEuler is designed for company customers and can be used in devices such as servers, cloud computing and edge computing. It is chiefly used in industries like finance, transportation and telecom. Last year, Huawei donated the Euler operating system to the OpenAtom Foundation, a major open source foundation in China, to become an open-source OS. Wang Tao, a member of Huawei’s executive board, said the OpenEuler open source community now has 600 company members, and more than 3 million sets of equipment have been equipped with the OpenEuler operating system. OpenEuler now accounts for 25 percent of the new market of server operating systems in China.
32. What does the first paragraph mainly to show?
A. It will have a long way to go to develop an OS.
B. The government’s pay little attention to key technologies.
C. Some technological bottlenecks are impossible to break.
D. The ability to supply OS doesn’t need improving.
33. What do we know according to the third paragraph?
A. Windows is the only OS in personal computer OSs.
B. A smart device can’t work at all without an OS.
C. An OS is an important hardware of a digital device.
D. Some Chinese companies are attempting to break foreign company’s limitation.
34. What can be learned from OpenEuler?
A. It is designed for individual customers at first.
B. It is only used in finance, transport and telecom.
C It was an open-source OS developed by Huawei from the beginning.
D. It makes up one fourth of the new market of server operating systems in China.
35. What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To explain the general situation of the OS in China.
B. To introduce the functions of OpenEuler.
C. To show government’s determination to break the key technological bottlenecks.
D. To present the achievement Huawei has gained.
【答案】32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。国家最高行业监管机构工业和信息化部呼吁持续努力，打破操作系统等关键技术瓶颈。工业和信息化部副部长王江平在周三的一次会议上表示，要坚持开发关键技术，加大力度提高操作系统和其他服务的供应能力。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the nation’s top industry regulator, called for lasting efforts to break key technological bottlenecks such as operating systems. Vice-Minister of Industry and Information Technology Wang Jiangping said at a meeting on Wednesday that persistence(毅力)is needed to develop key technologies and more efforts will be made to increase the supply ability of operating systems and other services.(国家最高行业监管机构工业和信息化部呼吁持续努力，打破操作系统等关键技术瓶颈。工业和信息化部副部长王江平在周三的一次会议上表示，要坚持开发关键技术，加大力度提高操作系统和其他服务的供应能力)”可知，第一段主要表明开发一个操作系统还有很长的路要走。故选A。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“An operating system or OS is the foundational software that powers a digital device(设备).(操作系统或OS是驱动数字设备的基础软件)”可知，智能设备没有操作系统根本无法工作。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“OpenEuler now accounts for 25 percent of the new market of server operating systems in China.(OpenEuler目前占据了中国服务器操作系统新市场的25%)”可知，OpenEuler占据了中国服务器操作系统新市场的四分之一。故选D。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the nation’s top industry regulator, called for lasting efforts to break key technological bottlenecks such as operating systems. Vice-Minister of Industry and Information Technology Wang Jiangping said at a meeting on Wednesday that persistence(毅力)is needed to develop key technologies and more efforts will be made to increase the supply ability of operating systems and other services.(国家最高行业监管机构工业和信息化部呼吁持续努力，打破操作系统等关键技术瓶颈。工业和信息化部副部长王江平在周三的一次会议上表示，要坚持开发关键技术，加大力度提高操作系统和其他服务的供应能力)”可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是显示政府打破关键技术瓶颈的决心。故选C。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分。满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In 1972, UNESCO started a programme to protect the world's cultural and natural heritage.____36____The TaMahal (泰姬陵) in India and the Imperial Tombs of the Qing and Ming Dynasties in China are two of the best known examples.
____37____In the early 17th century, India was ruled by an emperor named Shah Jahan who was married to a woman named Mumtaz. The emperor loved his wife so much that when she died, he built the Taj Mahal in her memory. The beautiful mausoleum(陵墓) was designed to look like what the emperor hoped would be Mumtaz's home in the afterlife. The colour of the buildings appears to change with the light of day.____38____The couple, therefore, now rest together forever.
____39____the Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties are a monument to the mind and spirit. Visitors who walk among the buildings can feel both the weight of history and a wonderful sense of peace. What makes the Qing and Ming Tombs unique is that they bring together architecture and philosophy. The Imperial Tombs represent Chinese cultural and historical values that have been handed down from generation to generation for thousands of years.
Human life lasts only a short time but art and culture last forever, The UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Sites programme attempts to protect and preserve the best of human history. Masterpieces such as the Tai Mahal and the Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties remind us of what we can achieve at our finest.____40____
A. Building the Taj Mahal was a labour of love.
B. The Taj Mahal is a masterpiece of architecture.
C. The king was later buried immediately to Mumtaz.
D. They also encourage us to follow our traditional customs.
E. Supposing that the Taj Mahal is a celebration of the heart.
F. Meanwhile, they inspire us to live up to our great past in the future.
G. More than 800 cultural sites have been added to the World Cultural Heritage Site List ever since.
【答案】36. G 37. A 38. C 39. E 40. F
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了1972年，联合国教科文组织启动了一项保护世界文化和自然遗产。以泰姬陵和明清两代的皇陵为例，讲述了它们的由来和对我们的启示。
【36题详解】
根据空前“In 1972, UNESCO started a programme to protect the world's cultural and natural heritage.(1972年，联合国教科文组织启动了一项计划，以保护世界文化和自然遗产。)”空后“The TaMahal (泰姬陵) in India and the Imperial Tombs of the Qing and Ming Dynasties in China are two of the best known examples.(印度的泰姬陵和明清两代的皇陵是其中的最好的两个例子。)”可知，空前提到了联合国教科文组织启动保护文化遗产的计划，空后提出了泰姬陵和皇陵是其中的两个例子，故G项“从那以后，800多个文化遗址被添加到世界文化遗产清单中。”符合，承接上文，并引出下文，且空后的“the best known examples”指代本空的“More than 800 cultural sites”，故选G项。
【37题详解】
根据空后“In the early 17th century, India was ruled by an emperor named Shah Jahan who was married to a woman named Mumtaz. The emperor loved his wife so much that when she died, he built the Taj Mahal in her memory.(17世纪初期，印度由一名叫的Shah Jahan皇帝统治，他与一名叫Mumtaz的女子结婚。皇帝很爱他的妻子，所以当她去世时，他修建了泰姬陵来纪念她。)”可知，空后讲述了泰姬陵的由来，是因为皇帝对他妻子的爱，故A项“泰姬陵的修建是因为爱。”符合，故选A项。
【38题详解】
根据空后“The couple, therefore, now rest together forever.(因此，这对夫妇永远地安息在一起了。)”可知，C项“国王随后也立即葬在了Mumtaz的身边。”是空前的顺义承接，国王葬在了妻子身边，因此他们永远地安息在一起了，故选C项。
【39题详解】
根据空后“the Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties are a monument to the mind and spirit.(明清两代的皇陵就是心灵和精神的丰碑。)”可知，空后提出了明清两代的皇陵是心灵的寄托，故E项“如果泰姬陵是一场心灵的庆典。”符合，此处分别说出了泰姬陵和明清两代皇陵的意义，故选E项。
【40题详解】
根据空前“Masterpieces such as the Tai Mahal and the Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties remind us of what we can achieve at our finest.(像泰姬陵和明清两代的陵墓提醒着我们，我们可以做到最好。)”可知，空前提出了这些文化遗产警示着我们，让我们努力做到最好，故F项“与此同时，它们又激励着我们在未来不辜负我们伟大的过去。”符合，F项与空前构成递进关系，像泰姬陵和明清两代的陵墓不仅警示着我们做到最好，而且还激励着我们不辜负过去，故选F项。
第三部分:语言运用（共四节，满分55分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Sofia Moncayo was born in Colombia. She remembers her own experiences with a lack of food while growing up. So she is always using her free time to help____41____people in her community.
However, Moncayo has faced her own____42____during the corona virus pandemic（流行）. She lost her job at a building company and remains____43____. But she has continued to____44____money in the community and lead the effort to provide more than 1,000 boxes of food to families two times per week. Most of the food is____45____by a neighborhood restaurant and other businesses and organizations. Last March, Moncayo founded a food assistance program. The program currently____46____hundreds of people. Moncayo____47____a group of volunteers who give out food to those in need.
Neighborhood resident Carol Sullivan lost her job as a stage manager when New York____48____closed because of the pandemic. At first, she was not____49____about receiving food, but she said Moncayo and the other_____50_____made her feel welcome.
“It has been a_____51_____to the community that I didn’t have before. And it also saves a lot of_____52_____over having to pay for food or having to pay the bills,” Sullivan said. “If you have a dollar, you have to spend it_____53_____to cover all your needs. Having them has made the_____54_____less stressful.”
“If we had not been doing these, I think this would have been a_____55_____time for them,” Moncayo said.
41. A. feed B. hire C. attend D. comfort
42. A. mistakes B. risks C. struggles D. dreams
43. A. unusual B. unemployed C. unfair D. uncontrolled
44. A. save B. earn C. spend D. raise
45. A. left B. bought C. cooked D. donated
46. A. awards B. directs C. serves D. employs
47. A. leads B. finds C. meets D. helps
48. A. theaters B. factories C. schools D. markets
49. A. excited B. crazy C. sure D. worried
50. A. managers B. volunteers C. clerks D. applicants
51. A. burden B. key C. joke D. link
52. A. fear B. anxiety C. regret D. sadness
53. A. carefully B. slowly C. bravely D. openly
54. A. change B. promise C. choice D. determination
55. A. busier B. noisier C. funnier D. harder
【答案】41. A 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. D 46. C 47. A 48. A 49. C 50. B 51. D 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述纽约的失业妇女Sofia Moncayo分发食物帮助成千上万的人的故事。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她总是利用她的空闲时间帮助养活社区里的人。A. feed养活；B. hire雇佣；C. attend参加；D. comfort安慰。根据前文“She remembers her own experiences with a lack of food while growing up.”可知，Moncayo一直记得自己长大过程中缺少食物的经历，因此她总是利用空闲时间帮住养活社区里那些缺少食物的人。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Moncayo在冠状病毒大流行期间也面临着自己的挣扎。A. mistakes错误；B. risks风险；C. struggles挣扎；D. dreams梦想。根据下文“She lost her job at a building company”可知，Moncayo在新冠期间失业了，自己也面临挣扎。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她失去了一家建筑公司的工作，仍处于失业状态。A. unusual不寻常的；B. unemployed失业的；C. unfair不公平的；D. uncontrolled不受控制的。根据前文“She lost her job at a building company and remains”可知，她失去了工作，仍旧失业。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她继续在社区筹集资金，并领导努力每周为家庭提供超过1000盒的食物。A. save挽救；B. earn赚取；C. spend花费；D. raise筹集；举起。根据前文“So she is always using her free time to help____1____people in her community.”和下文“money in the community and lead the effort to provide more than 1,000 boxes of food to families two times per week”可推断，Moncayo尽管失业了，仍旧继续努力筹钱帮助社区里的家庭。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大部分的食物都是由一家社区餐馆和其他企业和组织捐赠的。A. left离开；留下；B. bought买；C. cooked烹饪；D. donated捐献。根据前文“But she has continued to____4____money in the community and lead the effort to provide more than 1,000 boxes of food to families two times per week.”可知，Moncayo筹集食物帮助他人，因此推断此处说的是社区一家餐馆和其它的企业和组织捐赠了大部分食物。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个项目现在为数百人提供服务。A. awards奖励、奖赏；B. directs指导；C. serves服务；D. employs雇用。根据前文“Last March, Moncayo founded a food assistance program.”可知，这个项目是为他人提供帮助服务的。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Moncayo带领一群志愿者向有需要的人分发食物。A. leads带领；B. finds发现；C. meets遇见；D. helps帮助。根据上文“lead the effort to provide more than 1,000 boxes of food to families two times per week”可知，Moncayo带领志愿者为有需要的人提供食物。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于新冠肺炎疫情，纽约剧院关闭，社区居民卡罗尔·沙利文失去了舞台经理的工作。A. theaters剧院；B. factories工厂；C. schools学校；D. markets市场。根据上文“Neighborhood resident Carol Sullivan lost her job as a stage manager”可知，剧院经理应该是因为剧院关闭才失去工作的。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，她对接受食物没有把握，但她说Moncayo和其他志愿者让她感到受欢迎。A. excited激动的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. sure确信的、有把握的；D. worried担心的。根据下文“made her feel welcome”可知，开始时她对于接受食物没有把握，但是后来感到了受欢迎。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. managers经理；B. volunteers志愿者；C. clerks职员；D. applicants申请人。根据上文“Moncayo____7____a group of volunteers who give out food to those in need.”可知，有一些志愿者帮助Moncayo分发食物。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这是我以前没有过的社区链接，而且这也省去了很多必须为食物或账单付钱的焦虑。”沙利文说道。“如果你有一美元，你必须小心地使用它来满足你所有的需求。有了它们，做选择的压力就小多了。” A. burden负担；B. key关键；C. joke玩笑；D. link联系、关系。根据下文“At first, she was not____9____about receiving food, but she said Moncayo and the other____10____made her feel welcome.”可知，Sullivan没有从社区接受过食物，这是她与社区从来没有过的联系。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这是我以前没有过的社区链接，而且这也省去了很多为食物或账单买单的焦虑。”沙利文说道。“如果你有一美元，你必须小心地使用它来满足你所有的需求。有了它们，做选择的压力就小多了。”A. fear恐惧；B. anxiety焦虑；C. regret遗憾、后悔；D. sadness悲伤。根据下文“Moncayo____7____a group of volunteers who give out food to those in need.”可知，沙利文受到一些食物，因此推断她说有了这些食物省去了购买食物或者账单时的作选择时的焦虑。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. carefully仔细地；B. slowly慢慢地；C. bravely勇敢地；D. openly公开地。根据上文“If you have a dollar”可知，如果只要一美元，支付所有你需要的，就必须仔细地花费。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这是我以前没有过的社区链接，而且这也省去了很多为食物或账单买单的焦虑。”沙利文说道。“如果你有一美元，你必须小心地使用它来满足你所有的需求。有了它们，做选择的压力就小多了。”A. change改变；B. promise承诺；C. choice选择；D. determination决心。根据前文内容“If you have a dollar, you have to spend it____13____to cover all your needs.”和“Having them”可知，此处沙利文说的是有了这些食物使得在花费时做选择少了许多压力。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Moncayo说:“如果我们没有这样做，我认为这对他们来说会更艰难。”A. busier更忙碌的；B. noisier更喧闹的；C. funnier更有趣的；D. harder更艰难的。根据前文“If we had not been doing these”可知，Moncayo说如果他们不分发这些食物给身处困境中的人，他们的生活会更艰难，呼应上文沙利文说的。故选D。
第二节 语法填空：（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
语法填空
To observe Tibetan antelopes, we made a trip to Tibet. There we made out ____56____herd of graceful animals. We____57____(strike) by their beauty when watching them across the green grass. However, I was reminded of the danger they are in. They are being hunted____58____(legal) for their valuable fur.
To protect them, the Changtang National Nature Reserve was set up,____59____is a shelter for the animals and plants of northwestern Tibet.
In the 1980s and 1990s, the population dropped badly because of being shot to make profits and the loss of ____60____(they) habitats. In order to prevent this species from____61____(extinct), the Chinese government took____62____(effect)measures to place it under national protection. Its population has recovered and it was removed from the____63____(danger) species list in June 2015. But the government didn’t intend____64____(give) up the protection programs. To save wildlife, we should learn to exist______65______harmony with nature.
【答案】56. a 57. were struck
58 illegally
59. which 60. their
61. extinction
62. effective
63. endangered
64. to give##giving
65. in
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了藏羚羊由于猎杀牟利和失去栖息地，它们的数量急剧下降，为了拯救野生动物，我们应该学会与自然和谐相处。
【56题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我们在那里发现了一群优雅的动物。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语a herd of“一群”，满足句意要求。故填a。
【57题详解】
考查动词。句意：当我们看着它们穿过绿色的草地时，我们被它们的美丽所打动。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，We和strike为被动关系，结合上下文时态可知，为一般过去时。故填were struck。
【58题详解】
考查副词。句意：人们为了获取珍贵的皮毛而非法猎杀它们。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词形式，结合句意可知，为否定意义，illegally“非法地”，满足句意要求。故填illegally。
【59题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：为了保护它们，建立了长塘国家级自然保护区，这是西藏西北部动植物的避难所。分析句子可知，此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词the Changtang National Nature Reserve在从句中作主语成分。故填which。
【60题详解】
考查代词。句意：在20世纪80年代和90年代，由于猎杀牟利和失去栖息地，它们的数量急剧下降。由空后habitats名词可知，此处应为形容词性物主代词。故填their。
【61题详解】
考查名词。句意：为了防止这一物种灭绝，中国政府采取了有效措施，将其列为国家保护物种。分析句子可知，空前from为介词，此处应为名词形式，构成介宾短语，符合句子结构。故填extinction。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。句意：为了防止这一物种灭绝，中国政府采取了有效措施，将其列为国家保护物种。由空后measures名词可知，此处为形容词effective“有效的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填effective。
【63题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它的数量已经恢复，并于2015年6月从濒危物种名单中删除。由空前冠词the以及空后species名词可知，此处为形容词endangered“濒临灭绝的”修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填endangered。
【64题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：但政府并不打算放弃保护计划。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语intend to do/doing“打算做某事”，满足句意要求。故填to give/giving。
【65题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：为了拯救野生动物，我们应该学会与自然和谐相处。分析句子可知，此处为介词短语in harmony (with)“与……和睦相处”，满足句意要求。故填in。
第三节：单词拼写。根据汉语和首字母提示,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空一分，共10分。
66. Life pressure forced herto quitschool and start working when she was a_________（青少年）. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】teenager
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：生活压力迫使她在十几岁时就辍学开始工作。句中用名词作表语。根据不定冠词a可知，用可数名词的单数形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填teenager。
67. She_________（假装）to be calm, but actually she was very nervous. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】pretended
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：她假装很平静，但实际上她很紧张。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词pretend“假装”，满足句意要求，结合后面动词was可知，此处应为过去时。故填pretended。
68. The doctors are making great_________（努力）to save the patient. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】efforts
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：医生们正在竭尽全力抢救病人。根据汉语意思提示以及空前形容词great可知，此处为复数名词efforts“努力”，构成make efforts to do“努力做某事”，满足句意要求。故填efforts。
69. Workers built shelters for_________（幸存者）. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】survivors
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：工人们幸存者建造了避难所。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为复数名词survivors“幸存者”，作宾语。故填survivors。
70. Can you list some_________（象征）of courage and strength? (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】symbols
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你能列举一些勇气和力量的象征吗？根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词symbol“象征”，满足句意要求，结合空前some可知，应为复数名词。故填symbols。
71. Australians are justly proud of their _________(本土的) wildlife. （根据汉语意思填空）
【答案】native
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：澳大利亚人对他们本土的野生动物感到自豪是理所当然的。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词native，作定语修饰名词wildlife。故填native。
72. We welcome_________（海外的）businessmen to China for economic and trade cooperation. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】overseas
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们欢迎海外客商来中国开展经贸合作。根据句意和汉语提示应填overseas“海外的”作定语，修饰businessmen，故填overseas。
73. As the dark clouds_________ (消失) the moon gradually came into view. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】disappeared
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：乌云消失了，月亮渐渐出现在眼前。分析句子可知，“消失”是状语从句中谓语动词，用动词disappear表示，结合主句时态可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态。故填disappeared。
74. AI robots are ________(威胁) the job opportunities for humans. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】threatening
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：人工智能机器人正在威胁着人类的就业机会 。根据句意和汉语提示应填动词threaten“威胁”作谓语，与主语AI robot是主动关系，根据句意并结合are可知，用现在进行时，故填threatening。
75. When facing a hard question, most people can’t give an answer________ (立即). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】immediately
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：当面对一个困难的问题时，大多数人不能立即给出答案。表示“立即”应用副词immediately作状语。故填immediately。
第四节 句子翻译（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
76. 我的指导教师建议我报名参加高级文学，因为我喜欢英语并且擅长它。(汉译英)
【答案】My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、动词、宾语从句、虚拟语气、动词短语、名词短语、原因状语从句。根据句意以及句子结构可知，该句可为that引导的宾语从句，因主句动词为表示“建议”的recommend，所以从句应为虚拟语气用法，即should do。该句主句主语表示“我的指导教师”为名词My adviser；在宾语从句中，表示“报名”应为动词短语sign up for；表示“高级文学”为名词短语advanced literature；在宾语从句中，由句意可知，有一个because引导的原因状语从句，表示“擅长它”为动词短语be good at it。结合句意可知，该句主句应为一般过去时。故翻译为：My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it。
77. 损失两大主力队员，是个巨大的挑战，但是郎平没有气馁。(汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart.
【解析】
分析】
【详解】考查动名词，动词短语，时态和并列简单句。表达“损失两大主力队员”，用动名词做主语Losing two important players；表达“巨大的挑战”，用名词短语a great challenge；表达“气馁”，用动词短语 lose heart；根据句意，前后两部分为两个简单句并列，逻辑关系是转折，所以用but连接；再分析句意可知，事情发生在过去，故句子用一般过去时态。故翻译为：Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart..
【点睛】
78. 不到一分钟，一座大城市就成了一片废墟。（汉译英）
【答案】In less than a minute, a big city was in ruins.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。句子陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时；“不足，少于”表达为less than，“成为废墟”表达为in ruins。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为In less than a minute, a big city was in ruins.
79. 随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始欣赏中国的文化。(汉译英)
【答案】As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture.
【解析】
【详解】考查时间状语从句、动词短语、介词短语、名词短语、时态。根据句意以及句子结构可知，该句应为as引导的时间状语从句，表示“随着……”，在该从句中，表示“扮演更为重要的角色在……”应为动词短语play a greater role in；表示“在全球事务”应为介词短语in global affairs；在该主句中，表示“越来越多的国际学生”应为名词短语an increasing number of international students；表示“开始做某事”应为动词短语begin to do，表示“欣赏中国的文化”应为动词短语appreciate China’s culture。结合句意可知，该句从句应为一般现在时，主句应为现在进行时。故翻译为：As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture.
80. 只有当我们学会和大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生生物的威胁。(汉译英)
【答案】Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife.
【解析】
【详解】考查时间状语从句、部分倒装、时态和固定短语。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“当我们学会和大自然和谐共处”应用时间状语从句，“when”引导从句，“in harmony with…”意为“与……和谐相处”，“Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature”表示“只有当我们学会与自然和谐共处时”，Only修饰状语从句放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装，“stop doing sth.”意为“停止做某事”，“we can stop being a threat to wildlife ”表示“我们才不会成为野生动物的威胁”，can提前到主语we前。故翻译为Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
第四部分:写作（满分15分）
81. 由于疫情，你不得不在家上网课（online class）。但在学习过程中，你遇到了一些问题，打算给你校英文报写一篇英语稿文，向编辑征询建议。
内容包括：1. 遇到哪些问题；2. 问题的原因；3. 征询解决建议。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答；
3. 不准透露个人信息。
Dear editor,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear editor,
Due to the epidemic, I have to take online classes at home. Having many problems in this study process, I need advice from you.
Among these problems, the worst one is that I am poor at self-discipline. Learning online at home is a less effective way since I am easier to be distracted by other things, such as the smartphone and online games.
Could you be so kind to send me some suggestions? Looking forward to your reply.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给报社编辑写信提出关于网课的学习过程中遇到的问题和起因，并寻求解决的办法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
由于：due to →because of
好的：kind →nice
建议：advice →suggestion
手机：smartphone →cellphone
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Having many problems in this study process, I need advice from you.
拓展句：Because I have many problems in this study process, I need advice from you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Among these problems, the worst one is that I am poor at self-discipline.（运用了that引导的表语从句）
【高分句型2】Learning online at home is a less effective way since I am easier to be distracted by other things, such as the smartphone and online games.（运用了动名词作主语和since引导的原因状语从句）
2022-2023学年度高一第一学期学习质量检测
高一英语试题
本试卷共8页，由四部分组成。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先擦掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
第一部分:听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，播音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What did the woman do over the weekend?
A. She went hiking.
B. She visited a museum.
C. She borrowed some books from a library.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: How was your weekend? Did you go hiking?
W: No, but it was fun! I went to a museum, bought some books in a used book store, and went dancing.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is across the street from the man’s house?
A. A basketball court. B. Jill's new apartment. C. The apartment of Jill’s aunt.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Jill! I thought I saw you in my neighborhood yesterday.
W: My parents and I are staying with my aunt while our apartment is being decorated. She lives right across the street from you! Why don’t we come over tomorrow after my basketball practice?
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What's wrong with the girl's shoes?
A. They're not in fashion.
B. They're not suitable for P.E.
C. They do not match her jacket.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Those are cute shoes.You have the best fashion sense!
W: Thanks. They match my jacket perfectly, but I wish I hadn't decided to wear them today.I can't keep up with the class.
M: Yeah, the teacher said we should have sports shoes for P.E.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much time do the speakers have to play soccer?
A. About two hours. B. About four hours. C. About six hours.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Let's go play soccer!
M: That sounds fun! I just have to be home by dinner-time, around six o'clock.
W: OK. It's four o'clock now, so we'll have plenty of time.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. A couple. B. Co-workers. C. Friends.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Don’t try to take the usual route to work today, Jen. They’ve blocked off Highway 45.
W: OK, thanks, honey! I can’t be late for my big speech. Can you get some pizza for dinner on your way home later?I have a long day ahead.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What does the man want the woman to do?
A. Help him to stop smoking. B. Go running with him. C. Talk with his friends.
7. Why does the man plan to stop smoking?
A. Because smoking costs him a lot.
B. Because he suffers from bad health.
C. Because his parents ask him to do so.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Jenny, I’m going to stop smoking.
W: Good for you, John. It has cost you a lot. But it is really difficult.
M: Yeah, that’s why I am telling you. My friends will laugh at me when I tell them. But I think you will help me.
W: Your parents ask you to stop it?
M: No. That’s because when I go running, I can hardly breathe.
W: I’ll help you. Whenever you want a cigarette, call me and I’ll take your mind off it.
M: Thanks, Jenny, I’ll do it.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What happened to the man?
A. He was pushed into a pool. B. He fell into a pool. C. He was hit by a bus.
9. How did the man get home?
A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. On foot.
10. How was the man's day?
A. Terrible. B. Surprising. C. Interesting.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, David. How was your day?
M: Don't ask! It was terrible!
W: You poor thing! What on earth happened?
M: Well, at about eleven o'clock this morning, I was skateboarding in the park.
W: Oh yes? Did you see Tony there?
M: No. Luckily, I didn't see anyone I know.
W: What do you mean "luckily"?
M: To start with, I wasn't looking where I was going and I fell off my skateboard.I landed in a pool. I was really dirty!
W: Oh no! What did you do?
M: Well, I was getting on the bus to come home when the driver shouted at me.He didn't let me on the bus because I was wet and dirty. And I didn't have any money for a taxi.I walked all the way home!
W: Oh dear!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. How does the woman feel now?
A. Tired. B. Worried. C. Calm.
12. Why doesn’t the man agree with the woman’s suggestion at first?
A. Because he doesn’t want to leave the children.
B. Because they don’t have enough money.
C. Because he doesn’t want to trouble his parents.
13. What relation is the man to the woman?
A. Her workmate. B. Her brother. C. Her husband.
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. C
【解析】
【原文】W: I really need a holiday. I am so worn-out by working all day and then having to clean the house and cook every evening.
M: I don’t know if we can afford a vacation right now, and I’m really busy with work at the moment.
W: Oh, please, it’ll be wonderful. Just you and me together, without a care in the world. It doesn’t have to be too expensive either. We can go to Europe in a car and we can leave the children with our parents. It’s been a long time since they saw their grandparents.
M: Well, I have been so stressed at work lately. A vacation could just help me relax.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What do we know about the shop?
A. It has a car park. B. It is often crowded. C. It is near a bus station.
15. Why does the woman suggest going to the supermarket?
A. Because it will get crowded later on.
B. Because it is close to their home.
C. Because there is a lot of paint to choose.
16. What did the speakers discuss last night?
A. Where to buy the paint. B. What color paint to buy. C. Whether to buy the paint.
17. What will the speakers do first?
A. Shop for food. B. Have dinner. C. Buy the paint.
【答案】14. C 15. A 16. B 17. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Have you got the shopping list?
W: Yes. Here it is. Let me see...fruit, vegetables, cheese, meat, paint...
M: Let's go and get the paint first.I think the shop outside the bus station would be best. There's a car park in the next street.
W: Just a minute.I think we should go to the supermarket first. It gets so crowded later on. And then we can get the vegetables in the market.We can pick up the paint on the way home.
M: It seems likely to take ages to select the paint. I'm not sure about the color.
W: But we discussed that last night.You said you wanted yellow.
M: No, I didn't say I wanted yellow.I think we should look at some of the other colors before we decide
W: Then we'd better go and choose the paint first.
M: All right. If it takes too long, we can forget about shopping for food and we can go out to restaurant for dinner.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. How many key cultural sites are expected to be listed under state protection in 2020 in China?
A. 1,800. B. 1,000. C. 770.
19. What did the Chinese government do with the cultural sites in the 1990s?
A. It passed new laws to protect them.
B. It spent much money on their protection.
C. It used special technology to protect them.
20. In what aspect does the Chinese government protect cultural cities?
A. Agricultural technology.
B. The natural environment.
C. Ancient buildings and traditional cultures.
【答案】18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, everyone. Next let's move to China. Since1996, the Chinese government has listed 770 key cultural protection. The number of key sites under state cultural sites under state protection is expected to reach1, 800 in 2020. In the 1990s, the government spent a lot of money in protecting cultural sites. Special money by the Central Government for the protection of cultural sites reached some 700 million yuan for about1, 000 projects. And the Law on Cultural Relics Protection was re-examined in October 2002. So far, the Chinese government has listed more than 100 national famous cultural cities under key protection, and also more than 80 provincial ones. The protection of these cities includes both the protection of the ancient buildings and the traditional cultures of the ancient cities as well. As a large traditional agricultural country, China has many ancient villages. The natural environments as well as folk culture and art are quite valuable. The cultural experts are planning a large protection project on ancient villages.
第二部分:阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
One Day University was founded by Steven Schragis in 2006. He came up with the idea after he dropped his daughter off at college in New York. The school had about a dozen professors giving short talks about a variety of subjects. All the parents had the same reaction: “I wish I were the one going to college!”
One Day University creates fascinating days of learning designed to inspire your mind. We work with over two hundred professors from the country’s top colleges. No matter what you love, you’ll find that every One Day U event is filled with exploratory talks that will challenge you as if you were a student in college once again! And just like your college days, you’re sure to meet new friends with a shared belief of learning. At One Day U, there’s no homework and no grades. Just learning for the sake of learning!
SATURDAY, JULY 21;9:30 am—4:00pm
Lisner Auditorium at George Washington University; Washington. DC
LITERATURE
9:30 am—10:35 am
The Lost Indian Culture
Jeremi Suri/University of Texas
Distinguished Teaching Award
SCIENCE
10:50 am—11:55 am
How the Brain Works
John Hall/University of Wisconsin-Madison
William H. Kiekhofer Distinguished Teaching Award
MUSIC
12:10 pm—1:15 pm
The History of Jazz
Anna Celenza/Georgetown University
Teacher-Scholar Award
Lunch break 1:15 pm—2:30pm
PSYCHOLOGY
2:30 pm—4:00 pm
Genius, Creativity and Depression
Jessica Payne/University of Notre Dame
Bok Center Award for Teaching Excellence
Live Event Full price: $125 Visit OneDayU.com or call 800-300-3438.
21. What do we know about One Day U?
A. It aims to reward college students.
B. It was founded by Steven Schragis and his daughter.
C. It is in cooperation with hundreds of top universities’ professors.
D. It is intended to help its participants get excellent grades at college.
22. Who will give talks about The History of Jazz?
A. John Hall. B. Jeremi Suri. C. Anna Celenza. D. Jessica Payne.
23. What’s the main purpose of the text?
A. To show the history of One Day U.
B. To advertise the events of One Day U.
C. To explain how to learn at One Day U.
D. To stress the great influence of One Day U.
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是One Day University这个活动。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“We work with over two hundred professors from the country’s top colleges to create events.(我们与来自全国顶尖大学的200多名教授合作举办活动。)”可知，One Day U与全国顶尖大学的200多名教授合作。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中倒数第三栏“MUSIC”部分的“The History of Jazz Anna Celenza/George-town University(爵士乐的历史：安娜·切伦扎/乔治城大学)”可知，Anna Celenza做关于爵士乐历史的演讲。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“At One Day U, there’s no homework and no grades. Just learning for the sake of learning!(在One Day U，没有作业，也没有分数。为学习而学习！)”可知，本文介绍的是One Day University这个活动，目的是为这个活动打广告。故选B。
B
In movies and books, people often describe a decisive moment when they figure out who they are. However, I never thought it actually happened in real life. I never expected to have a “moment” of my own. When it arrived, mine was much more powerful than I could have ever imagined.
During the spring of my junior year, my class watched a documentary called “The Invisible Children.” It was about three college students who take a trip to Africa and document their experience. At first the film was slightly humorous. However, once the group arrived in northern Uganda, the mood changed. They learned what the consequences of a 23-year war had been for thousands of children. Some had lost family and friends, others were caught by the opposing force and became child soldiers.
Before long, I was sobbing. I couldn’t believe these things were happening, yet at the same time I knew they were. I just hadn’t been paying attention, for in the past 17 years, I was blessedly protected. When the movie ended, I couldn’t get it out of my head. For the next week, I was not myself. Every bite of food I took I thought of Grace, the 15-year-old who had little to eat. When I went to bed, I pictured Sunday, the 14-year-old boy sleeping on a straw mat on the ground in a camp. My whole world shifted.
Since that day, I haven’t been able to picture my future in a way that doesn’t involve going to Africa and doing what I can to help. Ultimately, this is why I decided to major in engineering. With an engineering degree, my potential for change will be limitless. I will build wells and schools, and design irrigation systems. Engineering is tough, but I know—in what Yeats called “my deep heart’s call”—that this is what I’m supposed to do with my life.
24. How did the author think of a decisive moment at first?
A. It was impossible. B. It was unforgettable.
C. It was common. D. It was powerful.
25. How does the movie influence the author?
A. It amused him. B. It changed his perspectives of life.
C. It made him unsure of himself. D. It made him lose the desire to eat or sleep.
26. Why does the author choose to study engineering?
A. To achieve his goal. B. To be well acknowledged.
C. To challenge himself. D. To realize his childhood dream.
27. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Celebrity. B. Health. C. Education. D. Science.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在观看了《看不见的孩子》纪录片后，人生观被改变，决定主修工程学，来改变世界。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In movies and books, people often describe a decisive moment when they figure out who they are. However, I never thought it actually happened in real life. I never expected to have a “moment” of my own.(在电影和书中，人们经常描述一个决定性的时刻，那就是当他们弄清楚自己是谁的时候。然而，我从未想过这真的发生在现实生活中。我从没想过会有属于自己的“时刻”)”可知，作者最初认为这个决定性时刻是不可能的。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“My whole world shifted.(我的整个世界都改变了)”可知，电影改变了作者的人生观。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ultimately, this is why I decided to major in engineering. With an engineering degree, my potential for change will be limitless. I will build wells and schools, and design irrigation systems. Engineering is tough, but I know—in what Yeats called “my deep heart’s call”—that this is what I’m supposed to do with my life.(最终，这就是我决定主修工程学的原因。有了工程学位，我改变世界的潜力将是无限的。我要建造水井和学校，设计灌溉系统。工程是艰难的，但我知道——叶芝称之为“我内心深处的呼唤”——这就是我应该在我的生命中做的事情)”可知，作者选择工程专业是为了达到他的目标。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章主要讲述了作者在观看了《看不见的孩子》纪录片后，人生观被改变，决定主修工程学，来改变世界。可推知，文章选自报纸的“教育”版面。故选C。
C
Zhaobi can be found outside the entrance of a variety of buildings, not to be confused with yingbi which are similar structures found on the other side of the gate, and in their earliest form during the western Zhou dynasty (c.11th century -771BC), were built to serve the function of a wealth and power symbol. They were allowed for only the highest members of society, noblemen, dukes and princes. Seeing zhaobi outside a building would let passers-by know that this is the residence of someone of extreme importance, while also serving the practical function of protecting privacy by blocking the entrance from any spying eyes.
With the passing of time and social changes, by the Tang (618-907) and later Song (960-1279) dynasties, there was less exclusivity about who could build zhaobi, but more importantly there was also a change in the meaning and purpose of the walls. Instead of representing social position, zhaobi took on a more mysterious purpose, coming to play a role in the form of fengshui, a practice which focused on achieving harmony and balance in all things.
It was believed that as well as functioning as a physical block for one’s privacy, zhaobi would act as a deterrent against gui, or wandering dangerous spirits, which would attempt to harm a home, but being unable to turn corners, zhaobi would prevent such action. As well as offering this spiritual protection, their location would allow for better flow of qi, or important energy, helping to conserve it in the building.
Moving further forward in time, zhaobi became more of a form of artistic expression and creativity, with poetry, paintings and characters representing luck and good fortune appearing on the walls, with families using zhaobi as a platform to tell their family history and achievements.
28. Which of the following can replace the underlined word?
A. strength B. fortune C. entrance D. protection
29. How many functions of zhaobi are mentioned in the text?
A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7
30. How is the text developed?
A. By following the time order. B. By making a comparison
C. By showing examples. D. By listing figures
31. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The difference between zhaobi and yingbi. B. The changes in the functions of zhaobi.
C. A general introduction of zhaobi. D. The long history of zhaobi.
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了照壁的主要功能以及变化。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“against gui, or wandering dangerous spirits, which would attempt to harm a home, but being unable to turn corners, zhaobi would prevent such action”可知，照壁可以用来保护家里不受鬼的侵害，因为鬼无法转弯，照壁可以阻止它们。故画线词意思是“保护”。故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Seeing zhaobi outside a building would let passers-by know that this is the residence of someone of extreme importance, while also serving the practical function of protecting privacy by blocking the entrance from any spying eyes.(在建筑物外看到照壁，行人就会知道这是一个非常重要的人的住所，同时也起到了保护隐私的实际作用，阻止了任何窥视的眼睛)”；第二段中“Instead of representing social position, zhaobi took on a more mysterious purpose, coming to play a role in the form of fengshui, a practice which focused on achieving harmony and balance in all things. (照壁并没有代表社会地位，而是有了一个更神秘的目的，以风水的形式发挥作用，这是一种专注于实现万物和谐与平衡的实践)”；倒数第二段“It was believed that as well as functioning as a physical block for one’s privacy, zhaobi would act as a deterrent against gui, or wandering dangerous spirits, which would attempt to harm a home, but being unable to turn corners, zhaobi would prevent such action. As well as offering this spiritual protection, their location would allow for better flow of qi, or important energy, helping to conserve it in the building.(人们相信，照壁不仅可以作为一个人的隐私的实体屏障，还可以威慑那些企图破坏房屋的妖怪，因为鬼无法转弯，所以可以阻止这种行为。在提供这种精神保护的同时，它们的位置还能让气（重要的能量）更好地流动，有助于在建筑中保存气)”以及最后一段“Moving further forward in time, zhaobi became more of a form of artistic expression and creativity, with poetry, paintings and characters representing luck and good fortune appearing on the walls, with families using zhaobi as a platform to tell their family history and achievements.(随着时间的推移，照壁越来越成为一种艺术表达和创造力的形式，代表吉祥和好运的诗歌、绘画和人物出现在墙上，家庭用照壁作为平台来讲述他们的家族史和成就)”可知，提到了六个功能。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Zhaobi can be found outside the entrance of a variety of buildings, not to be confused with yingbi which are similar structures found on the other side of the gate, and in their earliest form during the western Zhou dynasty (c.11th century -771BC), were built to serve the function of a wealth and power symbol.(照壁位于各种建筑的入口外，不要与应璧混淆，应璧是在大门的另一侧发现的类似结构，其最早的形式是在西周时期（公元前11世纪-公元前771年），是用来作为财富和权力的象征)”以及第二段中“With the passing of time and social changes, by the Tang (618-907) and later Song (960-1279) dynasties, there was less exclusivity about who could build zhaobi, but more importantly there was also a change in the meaning and purpose of the walls.(随着时间的推移和社会的变化，到了唐朝(618-907年)和后来的宋朝(960-1279年)，谁能建造照壁的排他性减少了，但更重要的是，照壁的意义和用途也发生了变化)”可推知，文章按照时间顺序展开。故选A。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“With the passing of time and social changes, by the Tang (618-907) and later Song (960-1279) dynasties, there was less exclusivity about who could build zhaobi, but more importantly there was also a change in the meaning and purpose of the walls.(随着时间的推移和社会的变化，到了唐朝(618-907年)和后来的宋朝(960-1279年)，谁能建造照壁的排他性减少了，但更重要的是，照壁的意义和用途也发生了变化)”以及最后一段“Moving further forward in time, zhaobi became more of a form of artistic expression and creativity, with poetry, paintings and characters representing luck and good fortune appearing on the walls, with families using zhaobi as a platform to tell their family history and achievements.(随着时间的推移，照壁越来越成为一种艺术表达和创造力的形式，代表吉祥和好运的诗歌、绘画和人物出现在墙上，家庭用照壁作为平台来讲述他们的家族史和成就)”可知，这篇文章的主旨是照壁功能的变化。故选B。
D
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the nation’s top industry regulator, called for lasting efforts to break key technological bottlenecks such as operating systems. Vice-Minister of Industry and Information Technology Wang Jiangping said at a meeting on Wednesday that persistence(毅力)is needed to develop key technologies and more efforts will be made to increase the supply ability of operating systems and other services.
An operating system or OS is the foundational software that powers a digital device(设备). Google’s Android, Apple’s iOS and Huawei’s Harmony OS are among the leading OSs that power smartphones or smart devices, while Microsoft’s Windows is considered the market leader in personal computer OSs. Operating system is a key area that Chinese companies are working on to reduce their dependence on foreign companies due to the US government’s limitation. Huawei Technologies Co is continuing its drive for development of the OpenEuler operating system as part of its broader push to solve China’s lack of homegrown operating systems for basic digital technologies.
The OpenEuler is designed for company customers and can be used in devices such as servers, cloud computing and edge computing. It is chiefly used in industries like finance, transportation and telecom. Last year, Huawei donated the Euler operating system to the OpenAtom Foundation, a major open source foundation in China, to become an open-source OS. Wang Tao, a member of Huawei’s executive board, said the OpenEuler open source community now has 600 company members, and more than 3 million sets of equipment have been equipped with the OpenEuler operating system. OpenEuler now accounts for 25 percent of the new market of server operating systems in China.
32. What does the first paragraph mainly to show?
A. It will have a long way to go to develop an OS.
B. The government’s pay little attention to key technologies.
C. Some technological bottlenecks are impossible to break.
D. The ability to supply OS doesn’t need improving.
33. What do we know according to the third paragraph?
A. Windows is the only OS in personal computer OSs.
B. A smart device can’t work at all without an OS.
C. An OS is an important hardware of a digital device.
D. Some Chinese companies are attempting to break foreign company’s limitation.
34. What can be learned from OpenEuler?
A. It is designed for individual customers at first.
B. It is only used in finance, transport and telecom.
C It was an open-source OS developed by Huawei from the beginning.
D. It makes up one fourth of the new market of server operating systems in China.
35. What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To explain the general situation of the OS in China.
B. To introduce the functions of OpenEuler.
C. To show government’s determination to break the key technological bottlenecks.
D. To present the achievement Huawei has gained.
【答案】32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。国家最高行业监管机构工业和信息化部呼吁持续努力，打破操作系统等关键技术瓶颈。工业和信息化部副部长王江平在周三的一次会议上表示，要坚持开发关键技术，加大力度提高操作系统和其他服务的供应能力。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the nation’s top industry regulator, called for lasting efforts to break key technological bottlenecks such as operating systems. Vice-Minister of Industry and Information Technology Wang Jiangping said at a meeting on Wednesday that persistence(毅力)is needed to develop key technologies and more efforts will be made to increase the supply ability of operating systems and other services.(国家最高行业监管机构工业和信息化部呼吁持续努力，打破操作系统等关键技术瓶颈。工业和信息化部副部长王江平在周三的一次会议上表示，要坚持开发关键技术，加大力度提高操作系统和其他服务的供应能力)”可知，第一段主要表明开发一个操作系统还有很长的路要走。故选A。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“An operating system or OS is the foundational software that powers a digital device(设备).(操作系统或OS是驱动数字设备的基础软件)”可知，智能设备没有操作系统根本无法工作。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“OpenEuler now accounts for 25 percent of the new market of server operating systems in China.(OpenEuler目前占据了中国服务器操作系统新市场的25%)”可知，OpenEuler占据了中国服务器操作系统新市场的四分之一。故选D。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the nation’s top industry regulator, called for lasting efforts to break key technological bottlenecks such as operating systems. Vice-Minister of Industry and Information Technology Wang Jiangping said at a meeting on Wednesday that persistence(毅力)is needed to develop key technologies and more efforts will be made to increase the supply ability of operating systems and other services.(国家最高行业监管机构工业和信息化部呼吁持续努力，打破操作系统等关键技术瓶颈。工业和信息化部副部长王江平在周三的一次会议上表示，要坚持开发关键技术，加大力度提高操作系统和其他服务的供应能力)”可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是显示政府打破关键技术瓶颈的决心。故选C。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分。满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In 1972, UNESCO started a programme to protect the world's cultural and natural heritage.____36____The TaMahal (泰姬陵) in India and the Imperial Tombs of the Qing and Ming Dynasties in China are two of the best known examples.
____37____In the early 17th century, India was ruled by an emperor named Shah Jahan who was married to a woman named Mumtaz. The emperor loved his wife so much that when she died, he built the Taj Mahal in her memory. The beautiful mausoleum(陵墓) was designed to look like what the emperor hoped would be Mumtaz's home in the afterlife. The colour of the buildings appears to change with the light of day.____38____The couple, therefore, now rest together forever.
____39____the Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties are a monument to the mind and spirit. Visitors who walk among the buildings can feel both the weight of history and a wonderful sense of peace. What makes the Qing and Ming Tombs unique is that they bring together architecture and philosophy. The Imperial Tombs represent Chinese cultural and historical values that have been handed down from generation to generation for thousands of years.
Human life lasts only a short time but art and culture last forever, The UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Sites programme attempts to protect and preserve the best of human history. Masterpieces such as the Tai Mahal and the Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties remind us of what we can achieve at our finest.____40____
A. Building the Taj Mahal was a labour of love.
B. The Taj Mahal is a masterpiece of architecture.
C. The king was later buried immediately to Mumtaz.
D. They also encourage us to follow our traditional customs.
E. Supposing that the Taj Mahal is a celebration of the heart.
F. Meanwhile, they inspire us to live up to our great past in the future.
G. More than 800 cultural sites have been added to the World Cultural Heritage Site List ever since.
【答案】36. G 37. A 38. C 39. E 40. F
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了1972年，联合国教科文组织启动了一项保护世界文化和自然遗产。以泰姬陵和明清两代的皇陵为例，讲述了它们的由来和对我们的启示。
【36题详解】
根据空前“In 1972, UNESCO started a programme to protect the world's cultural and natural heritage.(1972年，联合国教科文组织启动了一项计划，以保护世界文化和自然遗产。)”空后“The TaMahal (泰姬陵) in India and the Imperial Tombs of the Qing and Ming Dynasties in China are two of the best known examples.(印度的泰姬陵和明清两代的皇陵是其中的最好的两个例子。)”可知，空前提到了联合国教科文组织启动保护文化遗产的计划，空后提出了泰姬陵和皇陵是其中的两个例子，故G项“从那以后，800多个文化遗址被添加到世界文化遗产清单中。”符合，承接上文，并引出下文，且空后的“the best known examples”指代本空的“More than 800 cultural sites”，故选G项。
【37题详解】
根据空后“In the early 17th century, India was ruled by an emperor named Shah Jahan who was married to a woman named Mumtaz. The emperor loved his wife so much that when she died, he built the Taj Mahal in her memory.(17世纪初期，印度由一名叫的Shah Jahan皇帝统治，他与一名叫Mumtaz的女子结婚。皇帝很爱他的妻子，所以当她去世时，他修建了泰姬陵来纪念她。)”可知，空后讲述了泰姬陵的由来，是因为皇帝对他妻子的爱，故A项“泰姬陵的修建是因为爱。”符合，故选A项。
【38题详解】
根据空后“The couple, therefore, now rest together forever.(因此，这对夫妇永远地安息在一起了。)”可知，C项“国王随后也立即葬在了Mumtaz的身边。”是空前的顺义承接，国王葬在了妻子身边，因此他们永远地安息在一起了，故选C项。
【39题详解】
根据空后“the Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties are a monument to the mind and spirit.(明清两代的皇陵就是心灵和精神的丰碑。)”可知，空后提出了明清两代的皇陵是心灵的寄托，故E项“如果泰姬陵是一场心灵的庆典。”符合，此处分别说出了泰姬陵和明清两代皇陵的意义，故选E项。
【40题详解】
根据空前“Masterpieces such as the Tai Mahal and the Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties remind us of what we can achieve at our finest.(像泰姬陵和明清两代的陵墓提醒着我们，我们可以做到最好。)”可知，空前提出了这些文化遗产警示着我们，让我们努力做到最好，故F项“与此同时，它们又激励着我们在未来不辜负我们伟大的过去。”符合，F项与空前构成递进关系，像泰姬陵和明清两代的陵墓不仅警示着我们做到最好，而且还激励着我们不辜负过去，故选F项。
第三部分:语言运用（共四节，满分55分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Sofia Moncayo was born in Colombia. She remembers her own experiences with a lack of food while growing up. So she is always using her free time to help____41____people in her community.
However, Moncayo has faced her own____42____during the corona virus pandemic（流行）. She lost her job at a building company and remains____43____. But she has continued to____44____money in the community and lead the effort to provide more than 1,000 boxes of food to families two times per week. Most of the food is____45____by a neighborhood restaurant and other businesses and organizations. Last March, Moncayo founded a food assistance program. The program currently____46____hundreds of people. Moncayo____47____a group of volunteers who give out food to those in need.
Neighborhood resident Carol Sullivan lost her job as a stage manager when New York____48____closed because of the pandemic. At first, she was not____49____about receiving food, but she said Moncayo and the other_____50_____made her feel welcome.
“It has been a_____51_____to the community that I didn’t have before. And it also saves a lot of_____52_____over having to pay for food or having to pay the bills,” Sullivan said. “If you have a dollar, you have to spend it_____53_____to cover all your needs. Having them has made the_____54_____less stressful.”
“If we had not been doing these, I think this would have been a_____55_____time for them,” Moncayo said.
41. A. feed B. hire C. attend D. comfort
42. A. mistakes B. risks C. struggles D. dreams
43. A. unusual B. unemployed C. unfair D. uncontrolled
44. A. save B. earn C. spend D. raise
45. A. left B. bought C. cooked D. donated
46. A. awards B. directs C. serves D. employs
47. A. leads B. finds C. meets D. helps
48. A. theaters B. factories C. schools D. markets
49. A. excited B. crazy C. sure D. worried
50. A. managers B. volunteers C. clerks D. applicants
51. A. burden B. key C. joke D. link
52. A. fear B. anxiety C. regret D. sadness
53. A. carefully B. slowly C. bravely D. openly
54. A. change B. promise C. choice D. determination
55. A. busier B. noisier C. funnier D. harder
【答案】41. A 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. D 46. C 47. A 48. A 49. C 50. B 51. D 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述纽约的失业妇女Sofia Moncayo分发食物帮助成千上万的人的故事。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她总是利用她的空闲时间帮助养活社区里的人。A. feed养活；B. hire雇佣；C. attend参加；D. comfort安慰。根据前文“She remembers her own experiences with a lack of food while growing up.”可知，Moncayo一直记得自己长大过程中缺少食物的经历，因此她总是利用空闲时间帮住养活社区里那些缺少食物的人。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Moncayo在冠状病毒大流行期间也面临着自己的挣扎。A. mistakes错误；B. risks风险；C. struggles挣扎；D. dreams梦想。根据下文“She lost her job at a building company”可知，Moncayo在新冠期间失业了，自己也面临挣扎。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她失去了一家建筑公司的工作，仍处于失业状态。A. unusual不寻常的；B. unemployed失业的；C. unfair不公平的；D. uncontrolled不受控制的。根据前文“She lost her job at a building company and remains”可知，她失去了工作，仍旧失业。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她继续在社区筹集资金，并领导努力每周为家庭提供超过1000盒的食物。A. save挽救；B. earn赚取；C. spend花费；D. raise筹集；举起。根据前文“So she is always using her free time to help____1____people in her community.”和下文“money in the community and lead the effort to provide more than 1,000 boxes of food to families two times per week”可推断，Moncayo尽管失业了，仍旧继续努力筹钱帮助社区里的家庭。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大部分的食物都是由一家社区餐馆和其他企业和组织捐赠的。A. left离开；留下；B. bought买；C. cooked烹饪；D. donated捐献。根据前文“But she has continued to____4____money in the community and lead the effort to provide more than 1,000 boxes of food to families two times per week.”可知，Moncayo筹集食物帮助他人，因此推断此处说的是社区一家餐馆和其它的企业和组织捐赠了大部分食物。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个项目现在为数百人提供服务。A. awards奖励、奖赏；B. directs指导；C. serves服务；D. employs雇用。根据前文“Last March, Moncayo founded a food assistance program.”可知，这个项目是为他人提供帮助服务的。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Moncayo带领一群志愿者向有需要的人分发食物。A. leads带领；B. finds发现；C. meets遇见；D. helps帮助。根据上文“lead the effort to provide more than 1,000 boxes of food to families two times per week”可知，Moncayo带领志愿者为有需要的人提供食物。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于新冠肺炎疫情，纽约剧院关闭，社区居民卡罗尔·沙利文失去了舞台经理的工作。A. theaters剧院；B. factories工厂；C. schools学校；D. markets市场。根据上文“Neighborhood resident Carol Sullivan lost her job as a stage manager”可知，剧院经理应该是因为剧院关闭才失去工作的。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，她对接受食物没有把握，但她说Moncayo和其他志愿者让她感到受欢迎。A. excited激动的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. sure确信的、有把握的；D. worried担心的。根据下文“made her feel welcome”可知，开始时她对于接受食物没有把握，但是后来感到了受欢迎。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. managers经理；B. volunteers志愿者；C. clerks职员；D. applicants申请人。根据上文“Moncayo____7____a group of volunteers who give out food to those in need.”可知，有一些志愿者帮助Moncayo分发食物。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这是我以前没有过的社区链接，而且这也省去了很多必须为食物或账单付钱的焦虑。”沙利文说道。“如果你有一美元，你必须小心地使用它来满足你所有的需求。有了它们，做选择的压力就小多了。” A. burden负担；B. key关键；C. joke玩笑；D. link联系、关系。根据下文“At first, she was not____9____about receiving food, but she said Moncayo and the other____10____made her feel welcome.”可知，Sullivan没有从社区接受过食物，这是她与社区从来没有过的联系。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这是我以前没有过的社区链接，而且这也省去了很多为食物或账单买单的焦虑。”沙利文说道。“如果你有一美元，你必须小心地使用它来满足你所有的需求。有了它们，做选择的压力就小多了。”A. fear恐惧；B. anxiety焦虑；C. regret遗憾、后悔；D. sadness悲伤。根据下文“Moncayo____7____a group of volunteers who give out food to those in need.”可知，沙利文受到一些食物，因此推断她说有了这些食物省去了购买食物或者账单时的作选择时的焦虑。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. carefully仔细地；B. slowly慢慢地；C. bravely勇敢地；D. openly公开地。根据上文“If you have a dollar”可知，如果只要一美元，支付所有你需要的，就必须仔细地花费。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这是我以前没有过的社区链接，而且这也省去了很多为食物或账单买单的焦虑。”沙利文说道。“如果你有一美元，你必须小心地使用它来满足你所有的需求。有了它们，做选择的压力就小多了。”A. change改变；B. promise承诺；C. choice选择；D. determination决心。根据前文内容“If you have a dollar, you have to spend it____13____to cover all your needs.”和“Having them”可知，此处沙利文说的是有了这些食物使得在花费时做选择少了许多压力。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Moncayo说:“如果我们没有这样做，我认为这对他们来说会更艰难。”A. busier更忙碌的；B. noisier更喧闹的；C. funnier更有趣的；D. harder更艰难的。根据前文“If we had not been doing these”可知，Moncayo说如果他们不分发这些食物给身处困境中的人，他们的生活会更艰难，呼应上文沙利文说的。故选D。
第二节 语法填空：（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
语法填空
To observe Tibetan antelopes, we made a trip to Tibet. There we made out ____56____herd of graceful animals. We____57____(strike) by their beauty when watching them across the green grass. However, I was reminded of the danger they are in. They are being hunted____58____(legal) for their valuable fur.
To protect them, the Changtang National Nature Reserve was set up,____59____is a shelter for the animals and plants of northwestern Tibet.
In the 1980s and 1990s, the population dropped badly because of being shot to make profits and the loss of ____60____(they) habitats. In order to prevent this species from____61____(extinct), the Chinese government took____62____(effect)measures to place it under national protection. Its population has recovered and it was removed from the____63____(danger) species list in June 2015. But the government didn’t intend____64____(give) up the protection programs. To save wildlife, we should learn to exist______65______harmony with nature.
【答案】56. a 57. were struck
58 illegally
59. which 60. their
61. extinction
62. effective
63. endangered
64. to give##giving
65. in
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了藏羚羊由于猎杀牟利和失去栖息地，它们的数量急剧下降，为了拯救野生动物，我们应该学会与自然和谐相处。
【56题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我们在那里发现了一群优雅的动物。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语a herd of“一群”，满足句意要求。故填a。
【57题详解】
考查动词。句意：当我们看着它们穿过绿色的草地时，我们被它们的美丽所打动。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，We和strike为被动关系，结合上下文时态可知，为一般过去时。故填were struck。
【58题详解】
考查副词。句意：人们为了获取珍贵的皮毛而非法猎杀它们。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词形式，结合句意可知，为否定意义，illegally“非法地”，满足句意要求。故填illegally。
【59题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：为了保护它们，建立了长塘国家级自然保护区，这是西藏西北部动植物的避难所。分析句子可知，此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词the Changtang National Nature Reserve在从句中作主语成分。故填which。
【60题详解】
考查代词。句意：在20世纪80年代和90年代，由于猎杀牟利和失去栖息地，它们的数量急剧下降。由空后habitats名词可知，此处应为形容词性物主代词。故填their。
【61题详解】
考查名词。句意：为了防止这一物种灭绝，中国政府采取了有效措施，将其列为国家保护物种。分析句子可知，空前from为介词，此处应为名词形式，构成介宾短语，符合句子结构。故填extinction。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。句意：为了防止这一物种灭绝，中国政府采取了有效措施，将其列为国家保护物种。由空后measures名词可知，此处为形容词effective“有效的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填effective。
【63题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它的数量已经恢复，并于2015年6月从濒危物种名单中删除。由空前冠词the以及空后species名词可知，此处为形容词endangered“濒临灭绝的”修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填endangered。
【64题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：但政府并不打算放弃保护计划。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语intend to do/doing“打算做某事”，满足句意要求。故填to give/giving。
【65题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：为了拯救野生动物，我们应该学会与自然和谐相处。分析句子可知，此处为介词短语in harmony (with)“与……和睦相处”，满足句意要求。故填in。
第三节：单词拼写。根据汉语和首字母提示,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空一分，共10分。
66. Life pressure forced herto quitschool and start working when she was a_________（青少年）. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】teenager
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：生活压力迫使她在十几岁时就辍学开始工作。句中用名词作表语。根据不定冠词a可知，用可数名词的单数形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填teenager。
67. She_________（假装）to be calm, but actually she was very nervous. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】pretended
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：她假装很平静，但实际上她很紧张。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词pretend“假装”，满足句意要求，结合后面动词was可知，此处应为过去时。故填pretended。
68. The doctors are making great_________（努力）to save the patient. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】efforts
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：医生们正在竭尽全力抢救病人。根据汉语意思提示以及空前形容词great可知，此处为复数名词efforts“努力”，构成make efforts to do“努力做某事”，满足句意要求。故填efforts。
69. Workers built shelters for_________（幸存者）. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】survivors
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：工人们幸存者建造了避难所。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为复数名词survivors“幸存者”，作宾语。故填survivors。
70. Can you list some_________（象征）of courage and strength? (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】symbols
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你能列举一些勇气和力量的象征吗？根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词symbol“象征”，满足句意要求，结合空前some可知，应为复数名词。故填symbols。
71. Australians are justly proud of their _________(本土的) wildlife. （根据汉语意思填空）
【答案】native
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：澳大利亚人对他们本土的野生动物感到自豪是理所当然的。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词native，作定语修饰名词wildlife。故填native。
72. We welcome_________（海外的）businessmen to China for economic and trade cooperation. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】overseas
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们欢迎海外客商来中国开展经贸合作。根据句意和汉语提示应填overseas“海外的”作定语，修饰businessmen，故填overseas。
73. As the dark clouds_________ (消失) the moon gradually came into view. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】disappeared
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：乌云消失了，月亮渐渐出现在眼前。分析句子可知，“消失”是状语从句中谓语动词，用动词disappear表示，结合主句时态可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态。故填disappeared。
74. AI robots are ________(威胁) the job opportunities for humans. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】threatening
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：人工智能机器人正在威胁着人类的就业机会 。根据句意和汉语提示应填动词threaten“威胁”作谓语，与主语AI robot是主动关系，根据句意并结合are可知，用现在进行时，故填threatening。
75. When facing a hard question, most people can’t give an answer________ (立即). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】immediately
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：当面对一个困难的问题时，大多数人不能立即给出答案。表示“立即”应用副词immediately作状语。故填immediately。
第四节 句子翻译（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
76. 我的指导教师建议我报名参加高级文学，因为我喜欢英语并且擅长它。(汉译英)
【答案】My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、动词、宾语从句、虚拟语气、动词短语、名词短语、原因状语从句。根据句意以及句子结构可知，该句可为that引导的宾语从句，因主句动词为表示“建议”的recommend，所以从句应为虚拟语气用法，即should do。该句主句主语表示“我的指导教师”为名词My adviser；在宾语从句中，表示“报名”应为动词短语sign up for；表示“高级文学”为名词短语advanced literature；在宾语从句中，由句意可知，有一个because引导的原因状语从句，表示“擅长它”为动词短语be good at it。结合句意可知，该句主句应为一般过去时。故翻译为：My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it。
77. 损失两大主力队员，是个巨大的挑战，但是郎平没有气馁。(汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart.
【解析】
分析】
【详解】考查动名词，动词短语，时态和并列简单句。表达“损失两大主力队员”，用动名词做主语Losing two important players；表达“巨大的挑战”，用名词短语a great challenge；表达“气馁”，用动词短语 lose heart；根据句意，前后两部分为两个简单句并列，逻辑关系是转折，所以用but连接；再分析句意可知，事情发生在过去，故句子用一般过去时态。故翻译为：Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart..
【点睛】
78. 不到一分钟，一座大城市就成了一片废墟。（汉译英）
【答案】In less than a minute, a big city was in ruins.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。句子陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时；“不足，少于”表达为less than，“成为废墟”表达为in ruins。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为In less than a minute, a big city was in ruins.
79. 随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始欣赏中国的文化。(汉译英)
【答案】As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture.
【解析】
【详解】考查时间状语从句、动词短语、介词短语、名词短语、时态。根据句意以及句子结构可知，该句应为as引导的时间状语从句，表示“随着……”，在该从句中，表示“扮演更为重要的角色在……”应为动词短语play a greater role in；表示“在全球事务”应为介词短语in global affairs；在该主句中，表示“越来越多的国际学生”应为名词短语an increasing number of international students；表示“开始做某事”应为动词短语begin to do，表示“欣赏中国的文化”应为动词短语appreciate China’s culture。结合句意可知，该句从句应为一般现在时，主句应为现在进行时。故翻译为：As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture.
80. 只有当我们学会和大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生生物的威胁。(汉译英)
【答案】Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife.
【解析】
【详解】考查时间状语从句、部分倒装、时态和固定短语。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“当我们学会和大自然和谐共处”应用时间状语从句，“when”引导从句，“in harmony with…”意为“与……和谐相处”，“Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature”表示“只有当我们学会与自然和谐共处时”，Only修饰状语从句放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装，“stop doing sth.”意为“停止做某事”，“we can stop being a threat to wildlife ”表示“我们才不会成为野生动物的威胁”，can提前到主语we前。故翻译为Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
第四部分:写作（满分15分）
81. 由于疫情，你不得不在家上网课（online class）。但在学习过程中，你遇到了一些问题，打算给你校英文报写一篇英语稿文，向编辑征询建议。
内容包括：1. 遇到哪些问题；2. 问题的原因；3. 征询解决建议。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答；
3. 不准透露个人信息。
Dear editor,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear editor,
Due to the epidemic, I have to take online classes at home. Having many problems in this study process, I need advice from you.
Among these problems, the worst one is that I am poor at self-discipline. Learning online at home is a less effective way since I am easier to be distracted by other things, such as the smartphone and online games.
Could you be so kind to send me some suggestions? Looking forward to your reply.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给报社编辑写信提出关于网课的学习过程中遇到的问题和起因，并寻求解决的办法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
由于：due to →because of
好的：kind →nice
建议：advice →suggestion
手机：smartphone →cellphone
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Having many problems in this study process, I need advice from you.
拓展句：Because I have many problems in this study process, I need advice from you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Among these problems, the worst one is that I am poor at self-discipline.（运用了that引导的表语从句）
【高分句型2】Learning online at home is a less effective way since I am easier to be distracted by other things, such as the smartphone and online games.（运用了动名词作主语和since引导的原因状语从句）
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