2022-2023学年山西省太原师范学院附属中学、师苑中学高一上学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年山西省太原师范学院附属中学、师苑中学高一上学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版），共25页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分30分)，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
太原师院附中、太原师苑中学校
2022—2023学年度第一学期
第一次月考高一年级英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What’s the conversation mainly about?
A A play. B. A movie. C. A concert.
2. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In a museum. B. In a physics lab. C. In a bookstore.
3. What transport will the woman take tomorrow?
A. The taxi. B. The bus. C. The subway.
4. What will the speakers do this weekend?
A. Go to a new restaurant.
B. Watch a French movie.
C. Stay at home.
5. What is the weather like now?
A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Sunny.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What happened to the man’s sunglasses?
A. They were destroyed by accident.
B. They fell into the pool.
C. They were left in the room.
7. Where does the woman suggest they go?
A. The pool. B. The gift shop. C. The beach.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Clean the street.
B. Pick up medicine for her.
C. Give her some help.
9. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Doctor and patient. B. Friends. C. Strangers.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How many people are there in Peter ‘s family?
A. 3. B. 4. C. 5.
11. When do the whole family walk the dog?
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
12. What does Peter do at home?
A. He does the laundry. B. He cooks food. C. He sweeps the floor.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What does the man want to be?
A. A pop star. B. A movie star. C. A great musician.
14. How does the man feel about his future?
A. Uncertain. B. Sad. C. Confident.
15. When will the man go to find a manager?
A. After he moves to London.
B. After he takes his last exam.
C. After he knows his exam results.
16. What will the man probably do at first in London?
A Do part—time jobs. B. Make his record. C. Earn lots of money.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Why was the speaker in the river?
A. To get water for picnic. B. To catch a fish. C. To get a piece of wood.
18. How old was Danny when the story happened?
A. Six. B. Eight. C. Ten.
19. What did Danny do when the speaker fell into the river?
A. He jumped into the river.
B. He was too scared to move.
C. He ran to look for their father.
20. Who finally saved the speaker?
A. His father. B. His brother. C. A passer—by.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。
A
China Small Group Tours
◆Tour Route 1: 11 Days Private Beijing – Lhasa – Xi’an – Shanghai
Tour Highlights :
Must-see sights in China－the Great Wall, Forbidden City, Terracotta Warriors
Follow us on a Buddhist pilgrimage to Tibet & appreciate the profound culture
Have a leisurely walk or an exciting bicycle ride on the time-honored City Wall of Xi’an
View the soaring city skylines and feel the pulse of modern Shanghai
From 2, 459 per person
◆Tour Route 2: 11 Days Private Bejing – Xi’an – Chonqing – Yangtze River Cruise – Yichang – Shanghai
Tour Highlights:
Must-see sights in China－the Great Wall, Forbidden City, Terracotta Warriors
Try biking on the Ming Dynasty City Wall of Xi’an, or tour by electric car
Enjoy the Three Gorges scenery on Yangtze River & feel totally relaxed
From 1, 879 per person
◆Tour Route 3: 12 Days Private Beijing – Shanghai – Xi’an – Guilin – Yangshuo – Guilin – Hong Kong
Tour Highlights:
Must-see sights in China－the Great Wall Forbidden City, Terracotta Warriors
Experience the Bund, classical garden, modern and old in contrast in Shanghai
Feel the lively atmosphere & explore busy markets freely in Hong Kong
Walk into a local family, learn to cook Chinese food & dine with the hosts in their home
From 2, 499 per person
◆Tour Route 4: 12 Days Private Beijing – Xi’an – Chengdu – Guilin – Shanghai
Tour Highlights:Must-see sights in China－the Great Wall, Forbidden City, Terracotta Warriors, Giant Pandas
Come to Chengdu, the hometown of giant pandas to visit and observe the cute creature
Cruise on the meandering Li River & admire Guilin landscape
Walk into a local Chinese family interact & dine with the hosts in their home
From 2, 079 per person
1. What do Tour Route 1 and Tour Route 2 have in common?
A. They have cycling activities.
B. They include a visit to Tibet.
C. Visitors enjoy the Three Giorges scenery.
D. Visitors pay the same amount of money.
2. What is special about Tour Route 2?
A. Tourists can travel by bike. B. Tourists can visit a huge dam.
C. Tourists can dine with a family. D. It is the most expensive of the four.
3. Where can visitors enjoy China’s rare animals?
A. Tour Route 1. B. Tour Route 2.
C. Tour Route 3. D. Tour Route 4.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了四条旅游路线。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Route 1中的“Have a leisurely walk or an exciting bicycle ride on the time-honored City Wall of Xi’an(在西安古老的城墙上悠闲地散步或激动人心地骑自行车)”及 Route 2中的“Try biking on the Ming Dynasty City Wall of Xi' an( 试试在西安的明代城墙上骑自行车)”可知，这两条路线的共同之处是都有骑行活动，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Route 2中的“Enjoy the Three Gorges scenery on Yangtze River(欣赏长江三峡美景，放松身心)”可知，在Route 2中你可以欣赏到长江三峡风光，也就是说Route 2的特别之处是你可以参观三峡大坝，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Route 4中的“Come to Chengdu，the hometown of giant pandas to visit and observe the cute creature.(来成都，大熊猫的故乡，参观和观察可爱的动物)”可知，在Route4中你可以看到中国的珍稀动物大熊猫，故选D。
B
I opened the freezer and put in the cake—a sheet cake with my son's name in red and black frosting—the colors of the University of UGA, where Laughlin, my youngest, would graduate in May.
But now there would be no graduation because of the pandemic (流行病). I had been looking forward to Laughlin's graduation. I'm a UGA graduate, too, but I didn't attend my graduation ceremony because I received an Army commission (任命) as an air defense officer.
“No graduation!” I said, a bit annoyed that my son, finishing coursework at home, didn't seem bothered. “I need to focus on my classes and get a job, Mom,” he said. But Laughlin didn't know what he was missing. Years later, I still regretted skipping my UGA ceremony. I'd been planning the celebrations for Laughlin since January.
Every day the pandemic worsened. Then, one day, Laughlin's diploma arrived in a black-and-red tube by mail. I pulled the cake out of the freezer and served it halfheartedly. Laughlin found a job and moved to Atlanta to live alone.
One fall evening, a student called from the UGA. “Did your son participate in the graduation ceremony last week?” the young man asked. “What ceremony?” I screamed. “The one at the stadium,” the student said. “To make up for the cancellation in spring.”
I dialed the office of the dean of student affairs. “Why wasn't I notified?” “Mrs. Smith, we sent an announcement to your son's school email,” said the woman who took my call.
I called up Laughlin. “Why didn't you call me?” I asked. “Mom, I did hear about the ceremony and I knew you'd make me go, so I didn't say anything. Why would I risk my family's life for a ceremony? You and Dad are in a vulnerable age group. No way would I do that.”
Laughlin's diploma rested beside the phone. I felt tears in my eyes.
4. Why did the author expect her son's graduation ceremony so much?
A. To show off her son's excellence. B. To pay a visit to the university once more.
C. To deliver a speech at the graduation ceremony. D. To make up for her own missing graduation ceremony.
5. What was the author concerned about?
A. Her son would miss a good job. B. Her son would regret in the future.
C. Her son would skip the classes. D. Her son would move to another city.
6. Which words can best describe Laughlin?
A. Humorous and honest. B. Energetic and courageous.
C. Independent and caring. D. Responsible and sensitive.
7. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Mrs. Smith was moved by her son's words.
B. Mrs. Smith was excited to see Laughlin's diploma at first.
C. Mrs. Smith abandoned her graduation ceremony sadly.
D. Mrs. Smith gave up holding the graduation party.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者一直期待参加小儿子的毕业典礼，但是由于疫情典礼被取消了，作者很遗憾。作者后来得知学校上周补办了典礼仪式，但是她的儿子担心疫情影响父母的健康没有告知他们，作者很生气，但听到了儿子的解释后最终解开了没有参加毕业典礼的心结。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“I'm a UGA graduate, too, but I didn't attend my graduation ceremony because I received an Army commission (任命) as an air defense officer.(我也是佐治亚大学的毕业生，但我没有参加毕业典礼，因为我被任命为陆军防空军官。)”和第三段倒数第二句“Years later, I still regretted skipping my UGA ceremony.(几年后，我仍然后悔没有参加佐治亚大学的毕业典礼。)”可知，作者当年没有参加自己的毕业典礼，多年以后仍为这件事感到后悔。由此可推知，作者之所以如此期待她儿子的毕业典礼，是因为想要弥补自己错过的毕业典礼。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后三句“But Laughlin didn't know what he was missing. Years later, I still regretted skipping my UGA ceremony. I'd been planning the celebrations for Laughlin since January.( 但劳克林不知道他错过了什么。几年后，我仍然后悔没有参加佐治亚大学的毕业典礼。我从一月份就开始筹划劳克林的庆祝活动了。)”可知，作者担心她的儿子将来会后悔没有参加毕业典礼。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Laughlin found a job and moved to Atlanta to live alone.(劳克林找到了一份工作，搬到亚特兰大独自生活。)”可推知，Laughlin很独立；根据倒数第二段中的“Why would I risk my family’s life for a ceremony? You and Dad are in a vulnerable age group. No way would I do that.(我为什么要为了一个仪式拿我家人的生命冒险？你和爸爸处在一个脆弱的年龄段。我不会那么做的。)”可推知，Laughlin很体贴。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I called up Laughlin. “Why didn't you call me?” I asked. “Mom, I did hear about the ceremony and I knew you'd make me go, so I didn't say anything. Why would I risk my family's life for a ceremony? You and Dad are in a vulnerable age group. No way would I do that.”(我打电话给劳克林。“你为什么不打电话给我？”我问。“妈妈，我确实听说了这个仪式，我知道你会让我去的，所以我什么也没说。我为什么要为了一个仪式拿我家人的生命冒险？你和爸爸处在一个脆弱的年龄段。我不会那么做的。”)”可知，因为疫情，Laughlin担心父母的健康而选择不告诉母亲毕业典礼的事。同时根据最后一段最后一句“I felt tears in my eyes.(我觉得眼里含着泪水。)”可推知，Mrs. Smith被儿子的话感动了。故选A。
C
Eeva Simons shows us that a physical disability doesn’t necessarily bar one from dancing on the stage. With skillful handling, she can make her wheelchair do graceful moves and win applause worldwide. The 34-year-old is among a group of four Finnish performers with different physical disabilities.
Simons has been bound to a wheelchair since jumping from a roof in a suicide attempt that ended her dancing career 16 years ago. She said that for a long time she had been depressed, with no idea how to adapt to her changed conditions. “The incident had a big effect on me,” she said. “I had never thought what it would be like to be a wheelchair user. It was difficult.”
But positive changes came several years later when she met a group of disabled people at a community centre. Their interest in alternative ways of movement lighted her love for dance and life again.
Simons joined the PAA troupe, which experimented with new approaches to performing. In 2000, the group put on their first show. Although many professional dance moves are not possible, the show has been running more than 10 countries in Europe and won the “Theatre Event of the Year 2000” award in Finland.
Simons said her part required the upper part of her body to be strong, especially her arms, which had to perform everything from hand gestures to powering the wheelchair. “It is a challenge. We use our creativity to think of alternative ways to find beauty,” she said.
In one moving scene about her post-accident mental condition, the frustrated Simons sits on the floor, before crawling to a wheelchair and accepting her new tool. Director Paasonen said the dancers were sharing their life experiences, feelings, states and thoughts with audience and that the show was very personal.
“They are people with bodies that have stories to tell,” he said. “The show is about transformation, and how people deal with change, including how to deal with the transformation of our own body after it becomes disabled.”
8. The underlined word “bar” in the first paragraph means ________.
A. save B. protect C. encourage D. prevent
9. From the passage we can infer that Eeva Simons _________.
A. became disabled accidentally.
B. once lost her hope for life.
C. learned how to dance after the incident.
D. wanted to kill herself to end her dancing career.
10. What can we learn about the performers in the PPA troupe?
A. They are creative dancers.
B. Most of them are young.
C. They are able to do all professional dance moves.
D. They are discouraged by their disability.
11. What may be the best title for the passage?
A. A Special Troupe.
B. Disabled Dancers.
C. New Approaches to Dancing.
D. A Wonder in a Wheelchair.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了伊娃·西蒙斯虽然身体残疾，但是在轮椅上实现了自己的舞蹈梦想的故事。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Eeva Simons shows us that a physical disability doesn’t necessarily bar one from dancing on the stage.(伊娃·西蒙斯向我们展示了身体残疾并不一定会bar一个人在舞台上跳舞)”中的关键词“a physical disability doesn’t necessarily…from dancing”和后文中讲到Eeva Simons虽然身体残疾，但是仍然实现了成为舞者的梦想可知，此处指身体残疾并不能阻止Eeva Simons跳舞，所以此处bar应该是“阻止，阻碍”的意思。D项prevent“阻止”是同义词。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“She said that for a long time she had been depressed, with no idea how to adapt to her changed conditions.(她说，很长一段时间她都很抑郁，不知道如何适应变化了的环境)”可知，Simons曾经很抑郁。由此推知，她曾经失去了对生活的希望。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Simons joined the PAA troupe, which experimented with new approaches to performing.(Simons加入了尝试新表演方法的PAA剧团)”和第五段“We use our creativity to think of alternative ways to find beauty.(我们用我们的创造力去思考寻找美的其他方法)”可知，PAA剧团的表演者都是具有创造力的舞者。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Eeva Simons shows us that a physical disability doesn’t necessarily bar one from dancing on the stage. With skillful handling, she can make her wheelchair do graceful moves and win applause worldwide.(伊娃·西蒙斯向我们展示了身体残疾并不一定会阻碍一个人在舞台上跳舞。通过熟练的操作，她可以让轮椅做出优美的动作，赢得全世界的掌声)”和全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了伊娃·西蒙斯虽然身体残疾，但是在轮椅上实现了自己的舞蹈梦想的故事。D项“A Wonder in a Wheelchair.(轮椅上的奇迹)”概括文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选D项。
D
Winters are long and cold in Finland. That’s why new technology that stores summer heat in a giant sand battery (电池) is used to keep homes warm in the winter. The sand battery can store the heat for months so the energy that was generated by solar power in the summer can be used in the winter to heat homes. Researchers in Finland have installed (安装) the first fully-functioning“sand battery”. They believe it could solve the country’s year-round crisis (危机) in power supply, which is a significant issue for green energy.
The sand battery was installed in the Vatajankoski power plant that runs the heating system for the houses in the area. It works by heating the sand, circulating the heat generated in the sand using a heat exchanger. Researchers used low-grade sand to charge (充电) the devices with heat from cheap electricity coming from either solar or wind energy. The sand battery can store energy and heat up to 500 degrees Celsius, which can be used to warm homes during winter when large amounts of energy were consumed (消耗).
It is a cost-effective method because when the battery releases the hot air, it warms the water for the district heating system that is pumped around homes, offices, and the local swimming pool. Sand is an ideal material because it is cheap and readily available everywhere. While other inexpensive items like water can store heat, sand can be heated to much higher temperatures. The sand used is of the lowest quality so it cannot be used in construction thus making it a sustainable choice. Besides, sand-based batteries last longer than other batteries. According to a study, researchers obtained silicon using quartz sand to create a battery that lasts three times longer than lithium-ion (锂离子) batteries.
“This innovation is a part of the smart and green energy transition. Heat storage systems can significantly help to increase intermittent renewables in the electrical grid,” said Markku Ylönen, co-founder of Polar Night Energy. “At the same time, we can make full use of the heat waste to keep the city warm. This is a logical step towards combustion-free (无燃烧) heat production.”
12. What is the function of the sand battery?
A. To charge electronic devices.
B. To store heat from green energy.
C. To provide electricity for power plants.
D. To turn solar energy into chemical fuels.
13. How does the sand battery work?
A. By producing electricity with seawater.
B. By consuming the hot air inside a plant.
C. By circulating the heat from heated sand.
D. By burning a cheap material made from sand.
14. What is the purpose of paragraph 3?
A. To present the advantages of sand batteries.
B. To highlight the power crisis in Finland.
C. To explain the reasons for creating a new battery.
D. To show the process of manufacturing sand batteries.
15. According to Markku Ylönen, the application of sand batteries can be describe as .
A. robbing Peter to pay Paul
B. barking up the wrong tree
C. putting the cart before the horse
D. killing two birds with one stone
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍沙子电池的功能，原理和优点。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段的“The sand battery can store the heat for months so the energy that was generated by solar power in the summer can be used in the winter to heat homes.(这种沙子电池可以将热量储存数月，这样夏天太阳能产生的能量就可以在冬天用来为家庭供暖。)”可知，沙子电池的作用是储存来自绿色能源的热量。故选B。

【13题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段“It works by heating the sand, circulating the heat generated in the sand using a heat exchanger.(它的工作原理是加热沙粒，利用热交换器将沙粒中产生的热量循环。)”可知，沙子电池通过循环由加热过的沙子产生的热量来起作用。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“It is a cost-effective method because when the battery releases the hot air, it warms the water for the district heating system that is pumped around homes, offices, and the local swimming pool. Sand is an ideal material because it is cheap and readily available everywhere.(这是一种经济有效的方法，因为当电池释放热空气时，它会加热家庭、办公室和当地游泳池周围的区域供暖系统的水。沙子是一种理想的材料，因为它便宜而且随处可得。)”和“Besides, sand-based batteries last longer than other batteries.(此外，沙基电池比其他电池寿命更长。)”可知，第三段的目的是展示沙子电池的好处，故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段“This innovation is a part of the smart and green energy transition. Heat storage systems can significantly help to increase intermittent renewables in the electrical grid(这种创新是智能和绿色能源转型的一部分。蓄热系统可以显著帮助增加电网中的间歇性可再生能源)”和“At the same time, we can make full use of the heat waste to keep the city warm. This is a logical step towards combustion-free heat production.(同时，我们可以充分利用热废物来保持城市温暖。这是迈向无燃烧产热的合乎逻辑的一步。)”可知，据Markku Ylönen的说法，沙子电池的应用可以描述为“一举两得”，即killing two birds with one stone，故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Psychologists tell us that there are four basic stages that human beings pass through when they enter and live in a new culture .This process, which helps us to deal with culture shock, is the way our brain and our personality react to the strange new things we encounter when we move from one culture to another .
Culture begins with the “honeymoon stage”. ____16____ .We are thrilled to be in the new environment, seeing new sights, hearing new sounds and language, eating new kinds of food. ____17____.
____18____ .After we have settled down into our new life , we can become very tired and begin to miss our homeland, our family, friends, and even pets. All the little problems in life seem to be much bigger and more disturbing when you face them in a foreign culture. This period of cultural adjustment can be very difficult and lead to the new arrival rejecting or pulling away from the new culture .
The third stage is called the “adjustment stage”. ____19____ .Your sense of humor usually becomes stronger and you realize that you are becoming stronger by learning to take care of yourself in the new place. Things are still difficult, but you are now a survivor!
The fourth stage can be called “at ease at last”. Now you feel quite comfortable in your new surroundings. ____20____ .You may still have problems with the language, but you know you are strong enough to deal with them.
A. You can cope with most problems that occur.
B. This is when you begin to realize that things are not so bad in the host culture.
C. It is extremely difficult to get through the first stage of culture.
D. You may feel sad, anxious , frustrated , and want to go home.
E. Unfortunately, the second stage can be more difficult.
F. This stage can last for quite a long time because we feel we are involved in some kind of great adventure.
G. This is the period of time when we first arrive in which everything about the new culture is strange and exciting.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. E 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文一篇说明文。文章介绍了文化冲击会经历四个基本阶段。
【16题详解】
根据前句“Culture begins with the “honeymoon stage”.(文化始于“蜜月期”。)”和后句“We are thrilled to be in the new environment, seeing new sights, hearing new sounds and language, eating new kinds of food.(在新的环境中，看到新的风景，听到新的声音和语言，吃到新的食物，我们都很兴奋。)”可知，“蜜月期”期间，我们对新的文化感到兴奋。选择项G“This is the period of time when we first arrive in which everything about the new culture is strange and exciting .(这段时间是我们刚到的时候，关于新文化的一切都是陌生而令人兴奋的。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据前句“We are thrilled to be in the new environment, seeing new sights, hearing new sounds and language, eating new kinds of food.(在新的环境中，看到新的风景，听到新的声音和语言，吃到新的食物，我们都很兴奋。)”可知，这里陈述“蜜月期”所持续的时间及其原因。选择项F“This is the period of time when we first arrive in which everything about the new culture is strange and exciting .(这个阶段可以持续相当长的时间，因为我们觉得自己参与了某种伟大的冒险。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据后文“After we have settled down into our new life , we can become very tired and begin to miss our homeland, our family, friends, and even pets. All the little problems in life seem to be much bigger and more disturbing when you face them in a foreign culture. This period of cultural adjustment can be very difficult and lead to the new arrival rejecting or pulling away from the new culture. (当我们在新生活中安顿下来后，我们会变得很累，开始想念我们的家乡、家人、朋友，甚至宠物。当你在异国文化中面对生活中所有的小问题时，它们似乎更大，更令人不安。这段文化适应期可能非常困难，会导致新来的人拒绝或远离新文化。)”可知，本段介绍文化冲击的第二阶段，此阶段会出现文化的不适应。选择项E“Unfortunately , the second stage can be more difficult . (不幸的是，第二阶段可能更加困难。)”符合上下文语境。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据前句“The third stage is called the “adjustment stage”. (第三个阶段被称为“调整阶段”。)”和后文“Your sense of humor usually becomes stronger and you realize that you are becoming stronger by learning to take care of yourself in the new place. Things are still difficult, but you are now a survivor! (你的幽默感通常会变得更强，你会意识到，在新的地方学会照顾自己会让你变得更强。事情还是很困难，但你现在是幸存者了!)”可知，在调整阶段会重新认识异国文化。选择项B“This is when you begin to realize that things are not so bad in the host culture . (这时你才开始意识到，在东道主文化中，事情并没有那么糟糕。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据前句“Now you feel quite comfortable in your new surroundings. (现在你在新环境中感到很舒服了。)”和后句“You may still have problems with the language, but you know you are strong enough to deal with them.(你可能在语言方面还有问题，但你知道你有足够的能力去处理它们。)”可知，这一阶段可以应付新环境所带来的大多数问题。选择项A“You can cope with most problems that occur. (你可以应付大多数出现的问题。)”符合上下文语境。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One of the strangest experiences of my life involved taking a memory test while lying inside a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanner. It was part of an experiment by University College London, to see whether the brains of memory champions like me were ____21____ anyone else’s.
When the test ____22____ were published, the findings were very ____23____. Expert memorizers didn’t have any physical differences between our ____24____. Instead, what set us apart was what we did when we were learning—especially the way we used pictures.
Any information can be ____25____ into pictures—switching on parts of the brain right away that create ____26____ and impressive memories.
____27____ it yourself. Here’s a list of words. But don’t just read the words. Picture them, as ____28____ as you can.
MOUNTAIN RAINBOW, PEA, SOFA, SHEEP, SNOWMAN, WINDMILL, NEWSPAPER, PIANO, UMBRELLA.
____29____ your visual memory. Notice the relative sizes of the things on the list. Look out for any similarities or differences in ____30____ or colors. After a few minutes, cover the page and see how many words you ____31____. Then, start connecting images with ____32____ you want to remember: shopping lists, addresses, good ideas. By doing so, you’ll find that you soon become more observant, better with ____33____, and more confident about recalling the things that ____34____. So learn from the ____35____, and use pictures to help you to set some new “personal bests” for your own memory power!
21. A. different from B. harmful to C. safe from D. important to
22. A. plans B. systems C. methods D. results
23. A. stressful B. meaningful C. positive D. practical
24. A. eyes B. ears C. hands D. knees
25. A. turned B. divided C. added D. grouped
26. A. personal B. early C. rich D. short
27. A. Change B. Try C. Fix D. Understand
28. A. clearly B. quickly C. silently D. naturally
29. A. Give up B. Put off C. Show off D. Fire up
30. A. reasons B. prizes C. shapes D. functions
31. A. describe B. match C. remember D. recognize
32. A. instruction B. decision C. impression D. information
33. A. colors B. contents C. sizes D. details
34. A. happen B. disappear C. matter D. work
35. A. researchers B. champions C. doctors D. coaches
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. D 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者参加了伦敦大学学院的一项试验，目的是观察记忆冠军的大脑是否与其他人不同。结果发现人们的大脑没有任何生理差异，使我们与众不同的是我们在学习时所做的事情——特别是我们使用图片的方式。同时介绍了一个锻炼记忆力的小方法。
【21题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：这是伦敦大学学院一项实验的一部分，目的是观察像我这样的记忆冠军的大脑是否与其他人不同。A. different from不同于；B. harmful to有害；C. safe from免于；D. important to重要的。结合前后文语境“to see whether the brains of memory champions like me were…anyone else's.”可知实验的目的是为了观察作者的大脑和其他人的大脑有什么不同。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：测试结果公布后，结果非常积极。A. plans计划；B. systems系统；C. methods方法；D. results结果。根据后文“Expert memorizers didn't have any physical differences”可知是在说明测试结果。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：测试结果公布后，结果非常积极。A. stressful紧张的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. positive积极的；D. practical实际的。结合后文“Expert memorizers didn't have any physical differences”可知测试发现，人们的大脑没有任何生理差异，以及其他一些有意义的发现，可见测试结果是积极的。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的耳朵之间的大脑没有任何生理差异。A. eyes眼睛；B. ears耳朵；C. hands手；D. knees膝盖。根据第一段中“see whether the brains”可知观察的是大脑，所以是“耳朵之间”。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：任何信息都可以转换成图片——立即启动大脑中创造丰富而深刻记忆的部分。A. turned转动；B. divided分开；C. added增加；D. grouped分组。结合后文“into pictures”以及“switching on parts of the brain”可知此处指信息都可以转换成图片。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：任何信息都可以转换成图片——立即启动大脑中创造丰富而深刻记忆的部分。A. personal个人的；B. early早的；C. rich丰富的；D. short短的。结合后文“and impressive memories”可知此处应选择一个与后文impressive感情色彩相同的形容词，上文提到信息可以转换成图片，说明大脑可以创造丰富的记忆。“rich”最符合语境。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：您可以自己试试。A. Change改变；B. Try尝试；C. Fix修理；D. Understand理解。结合后文“Here's a list of words. But don't just read the words. Picture them”可知是在建议读者进行尝试。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽可能清晰地描绘它们。A. clearly清晰地；B. quickly快速地；C. silently沉默地；D. naturally自然地。结合上文“Picture them”可知是尽可能清晰地描绘这些单词。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：激活你的视觉记忆。A. Give up放弃；B. Put off推迟；C. Show off炫耀；D. Fire up激活。后文提到要盖上这一页，并回忆自己记住了多少单词，说明需要激活视觉记忆。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：注意形状或颜色上的异同。A. reasons理由；B. prizes奖品；C. shapes形状；D. functions功能。根据上文“Notice the relative sizes”可知此处指注意形状。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，盖上这一页，看看你记住了多少单词。A. describe描述；B. match匹配；C. remember记得；D. recognize识别。结合后文“you want to remember”可知此处指盖上写有单词的这一页，看看自己记住了多少单词。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，开始将图片附加到你想记住的信息上：购物清单、地址、绝妙的主意。A. instruction指令；B. decision决定；C. impression印象；D. information信息。结合后文“you want to remember: shopping lists, addresses, brilliant ideas”可知此处指想记住的信息。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这样做，你会发现你很快就变得更善于观察，更善于处理细节，在回忆重要的事情时也更有信心。A. colors颜色；B. contents目录；C. sizes尺寸；D. details细节。结合上文“become more observant”可知变得善于观察，即能更好地处理信息的细节部分，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过这样做，你会发现你很快就变得更善于观察，更善于处理细节，在回忆重要的事情时也更有信心。A. happen发生；B. disappear消失；C. matter重要，要紧；D. work工作。结合上文“more confident about recalling the things that”可知此处是指通过这一试验，你能够在回忆重要的事情时更有信心。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，向冠军学习，并使用图片来帮助你为自己的记忆能力设置一些新的“个人最佳”！A. researchers研究人员；B. champions冠军；C. doctors医生；D. coaches教练。根据第一段中“to see whether the brains of memory champions”可知是指向冠军学习。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In early December, Zhang Guimei was named a national outstanding (杰出的) member of the Communist Party of China for her contribution to ____36____ (educate) in China.
About 20 years ago, while on the way to visit a student’s house, Zhang Guimei, then a teacher in Huaping, Yunnan Province, noticed a girl ____37____ (sit) on the hillside. The girl, 13, told Zhang she was about to get married. It was decided by her parents. “But I want to go to school,” the girl said. Zhang went to her house and tried to persuade (说服) her parents to let the girl return to school and ____38____ (promise) to pay for the school fees ____39____ (her). However, they didn’t agree.
From then on, Zhang dreamed ____40____ building a free high school for girls. After years of trying to raise money, ____41____ (final) in 2008, Huaping High School for Girls, a free public high school, was founded at the foot of the Shizi Mountain in Huaping, ____42____ Zhang is the headmaster.
Her efforts have been worth it. Since 2008, more than 1,800 ____43____ (student) have been admitted to college, which is considered a “miracle (奇迹)” in that far area.
Zhang plays ____44____ active part in local education. It is reported that she ____45____ (give) the honor at the country’s “role model for teachers” in February, 2021. Her moving stories encourage thousands of people.
【答案】36. education
37. sitting
38. promised
39. herself
40. of##about
41. finally
42. where 43. students 44. an
45. will be given
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是张桂梅的先进事迹。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：12月初，张桂梅因对中国教育事业的贡献被评为中国共产党全国优秀党员。空格处用名词education作宾语，故填education。
【37题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：大约20年前，当时还是云南华坪教师的张桂梅在去一个学生家的路上注意到一个女孩坐在山坡上。notice sb. doing是固定短语，意为“注意到某人正在做某事”，因此空格处用现在分词sitting，故填sitting。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：张去了她的家，试图说服她的父母让女孩回到学校，并承诺自己支付学费。句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式promised，故填promised。
【39题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：张去了她的家，试图说服她的父母让女孩回到学校，并承诺自己支付学费。根据语境可知，句子表示“张去了她的家，试图说服她的父母让女孩回到学校，并承诺自己支付学费”，空格处意为“她自己”，用反身代词herself，故填herself。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：从那时起，张的梦想就是为女生建立一所免费的高中。dream of/about doing是固定短语，意为“梦想做某事”，因此空格处用介词of/about。故填of/about。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：经过多年的筹款努力，终于在2008年，一所免费的公立中学——华坪女子中学在华坪狮子山脚下成立了。张是该校的校长。空格处用副词修饰后面整个句子，final的副词是finally，意为“终于”，故填finally。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：经过多年的筹款努力，终于在2008年，一所免费的公立中学——华坪女子中学在华坪狮子山脚下成立了。张是该校的校长。分析可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词Huaping High School是地方，因此空格处用关系副词where，故填where。
【43题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：自2008年以来，有1800多名学生被大学录取，这在那个遥远的地区被认为是一个“奇迹”。1,800后需用名词的复数students，故填students。
【44题详解】
考查冠词和固定短语。句意：张积极参与当地的教育事业。play an active part in是固定短语，意为“积极参与”，故填an。
【45题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：据报道，她将于2021年2月被授予全国“教师模范”的荣誉。由“February, 2021”可知，句子时态用一般将来时，且她是被授予荣誉称号，因此空格处用一般将来时的被动语态，即will be done，故填will be given。
第三部分 写作
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华，你的好友Mary前不久随父母去了加拿大，她写信告诉你她觉得很无助，想征求你的意见去更好地适应加拿大的高中生活。请你根据以下要点用英语给她写一封电子邮件。
①学好英语，以便与外国人更好地交流;
②多交一些朋友，友情会使她忘记孤独;
③积极参加各种活动，发掘潜力，培养自信。
注意：①词数80左右;
②可适当增加细节。
Dear Mary,
I’m sorry to learn that you have trouble adapting to your new school life in Canada,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mary,
I’m sorry to learn that you have trouble adapting to your new school life in Canada, but it can be easily changed if you take advantage of my tips.
Firstly, to be confident to communicate with the locals, you should go all out to improve your English. Secondly, I find it important for you to use all resources to make more friends, which can contribute to forgetting your loneliness. Thirdly, there are all kinds of activities in senior high, and you must have a positive attitude to them, because they will help to explore your potential and develop your confidence. I hope it can make a difference to you.
I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给好友Mary回信对其如何更好地适应加拿大的高中生活提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
适应：adapt to→ fit in
交流：communicate with→ talk with
有助于：contribute to→ conduce to
回复：reply→ answer
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Firstly, to be confident to communicate with the locals, you should go all out to improve your English.
拓展句：Firstly, you should go all out to improve your English so that you can be confident to communicate with the locals.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Thirdly, there are all kinds of activities in senior high, and you must have a positive attitude to them, because they will help to explore your potential and develop your confidence. (运用了because引导的原因状语从句)
【高分句型2】I’m sorry to learn that you have trouble adapting to your new school life in Canada(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. ______（curious）enough, I didn't feel at all nervous when I faced the audience. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Curiously
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：奇怪的是，当我面对观众时，我一点也不紧张。由副词作状语修饰整个句子可知，此处为副词Curiously修饰后面的整个句子。故填Curiously。
48. One day I ______ (cook) in the kitchen when the telephone rang. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】was cooking
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：一天，我正在厨房做饭，电话铃响了。根据句意可知，此处表示“过去的某个时间正在发生的动作”，应用过去进行时，由于主语是I应用was。再根据提示，故填was cooking。
49. With time ______ (go) by, I gradually realize the importance of health. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】going
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间的流逝，我逐渐意识到健康的重要性。time与go为主动关系，用现在分词作宾补。故填going。
50. Some graduates find it________ (challenge) to find a suitable job after graduation. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】challenging
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：一些毕业生发现毕业后找一份合适的工作充满了挑战。find it+形容词+to do意为“发现做……是……”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的to do，所以此处应用形容词challenging，意为“充满挑战的”，作宾补，故填challenging。
51. She was breathing deeply and tried to calm ______ (her). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】herself
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：她深呼吸，试图使自己平静下来。动词calm之后缺少宾语，可用代词，且根据句意可知，此处表示“她自己”，再根据提示，故填herself。
52. For ______ (vary) reasons, the experts disagree with this project. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】various
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于各种原因，专家们不同意这个项目。修饰名词reasons应用形容词various，作定语。故填various。
53. He volunteered ______ (do) the stressful job. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to do

【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他自愿做这项压力很大的工作。短语volunteer to do sth.表示“自愿做某事”。故填to do。
54. After graduating from university, I will apply what I have learned ______ my future job. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：大学毕业后，我会把我所学到的应用到我未来的工作中。短语apply sth. to表示“应用于……”。故填to。
55. Great changes ______ (take place) in my hometown in the past few years. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】have taken place
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去几年里，我们家乡发生了巨大的改变。根据时间状语in the past few years可知，此处应该用现在完成时，不及物动词短语take place没有被动语态，并且主语是复数。故填have taken place。
56. Your contribution will certainly make the event ______ huge success. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】a
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：你的贡献肯定会使这次活动取得巨大的成功。分析可知，这里的名词success是抽象名词具体化，因此用不定冠词修饰，huge以辅音音素开头，故填a。
57. The gold medal will be awarded________ whoever wins first place in the bicycle race. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：谁在自行车比赛中获得第一名，谁就获得金牌。award sth. to sb.表示“授予某人某物”，本句用的被动语态，故填to。

58. The woman loves the children as if she ______ (is) their mother. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】were
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这个女人爱孩子们就像她是他们的母亲一样。分析可知，as if引导的从句用虚拟语气，与现在事实相反从句谓语应用一般过去时，be动词应用were，故填were。
59. The new King in Britain Charles III was so particular ______ everything that no servants could please him.（用适当的词填空）
【答案】about
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：英国的新国王查理三世对一切都很挑剔，任何仆人都无法取悦他。名词everything 作为介词宾语，be particular about意为“对……挑剔”符合句意和语法逻辑，故填about。
60. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle________(hear)．(所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to be heard
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子们在饭桌上大声说话，我不得不努力让别人听见。固定搭配struggle to do sth.“努力做某事”，主语I 和动词hear是逻辑上的动宾关系（被动关系），此处hear用动词不定式的被动式（to be done）。故填to be heard。
61. You can't imagine what difficulty we had ________(walk) home in the snowstorm. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】walking
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你无法想象我们在暴风雪中步行回家有多么困难。分析可知，此处因宾语从句是感叹句，故将have的宾语difficulty放在了主语之前，根据短语have difficulty (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”可知，此处应用所给词的动名词形式作宾语。故填walking。
62. Neither did Peter want the responsibility, nor ______ his wife. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】did
【解析】
【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：彼得既不想要承担这个责任，他的妻子也不想要承担。分析可知，以否定词开头，句子要用部分倒装，需要把助动词提前，根据前半句可知是一般过去时，后半句还原成nor did his wife want the responsibility，故填did。
63. There are two ______ (oppose)views on the future of the Chinese language here. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】opposite
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：关于汉语的未来，这里有两种截然相反的观点。分析句子，设空处使用oppose的形容词opposite作定语，意为“相反的”。故填opposite。
64. At first I thought it was a bad idea, but on ______ (reflect) I realized she was right. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】reflection
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：起先，我认为她的想法不可思议，但细想起来，我意识到她说的话有一些道理。短语on reflection，意为“再经考虑”，符合句意，故填reflection。
65. The reason why Tom was absent from class was ______ he was ill. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：汤姆缺课的原因是他病了。分析可知，设空处接在be动词，引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分，也不缺少意思，故用that连接，故填that。
66. He left England with the________ (intend) of travelling in Africa. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】intention
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他离开英国的目的是去非洲旅行。空处前面是冠词the，修饰后面的名词；根据英文提示，空处为intend的名词形式intention，此处为抽象名词，不可数；故填intention。
67. ________(base) on a true story, the film is very popular. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Based
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这部根据真实故事改编的电影很受欢迎。分析句子可知，本句已有系动词is，所以空处应填base的非谓语动词形式，又与逻辑主语the film之间为被动关系，所以空格处填过去分词形式作状语，首字母大写，即Based。故填Based。
68. We should raise people’s ______ (aware) of saving water. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】awareness
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们应该提高人们节约用水的意识。设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词的形式；表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。故填awareness。
69. If “hard” is the ______ (oppose) of “soft”, why are “hardly” and “softly”, not an opposing pair? (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】opposite
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果“坚硬的”是“柔软的”的反义词，为什么“几乎不”和“柔软地”不是对立的一对呢？分析句子，设空处使用名词作表语。oppose的名词为opposite，意为“对立面，相反的事物”。the opposite of sth为固定短语，意为“相反的”。故填opposite。
70. One day, my five year old son asked me ______ there was ham in a hamburger. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whether
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：有一天，我五岁的儿子问我，汉堡包里是否有火腿。设空处引导宾语从句，不充当任何成分，表是否，故填whether。
71. When the lights are out, they are ______ (visible). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】invisible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当灯灭了，他们就看不见了。根据句意和提示词可知，应填提示词的反义词invisible，作表语，表示“看不见的”。故填invisible。