2023届高考英语二轮复习高考短文改错考点分析课件

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习高考短文改错考点分析课件，共40页。PPT课件主要包含了五年高考考情分析，词 法， 名词，归纳总结， 形容词和副词 ，比较级和最高级，形容词化的分词，副词辨析，代词一致，删代词等内容，欢迎下载使用。

短文改错题型考查考生对书面语篇的校验能力，衡量考生在语篇中综合运用英语知识的准确性。短文改错的体裁，以记叙文、夹叙夹议和说明文为主。取材广泛，语篇通常来自考生文章或类似于考生习作的文章，篇幅较短，语篇内容体现立德树人的时代特征，引导体美劳教育，促进考生德智体美劳全面发展。该题型考查考生在理解短文的基础上发现并纠正词法、句法、行文逻辑等类型错误的能力。考点覆盖面广，重点突出，设置的错误涉及动词时态语态、代词、名词、定语从句、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、介词、冠词、连词等，基本涵盖了高中阶段的重点语法项目。考生要想在该题型取得高分，需要掌握高考命题规律，在平时的学习中多归纳总结常考点和易错点。
（一）全国Ⅰ卷近五年短文改错题型命题一览表
（二）高考短文改错考点分析
短文改错命题方向主要是词法、句法和行文逻辑。从近五年全国乙卷（课标Ⅰ卷）来看，有些考点是每年的必考点，如动词、名词、形容词和代词，而有些考点是次重点，如副词、并列连词、冠词、介词、定语从句和状语从句。如果认真分析，我们发现动词里面包含谓语动词、非谓语动词、情态动词、主谓一致等，在这里面有些考点也不是每年必考，如情态动词，只是偶尔会考查。
在短文改错中，对于词法的考查集中在词性功能、易混词和习惯搭配上，考生需要掌握常见词性的基本用法。
①Our city will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle. (2022年全国乙卷)解析：bicycle是可数名词，应该把bicycle 改为bicycles。②I always assist my parents in ding the dish after meals. (2021年全国乙卷)解析：d the dishes 意为“洗餐具”，应把dish改为dishes。③Next I brke the eggs int a bwl and beat them quickly with chpstick. (2020年课标全国Ⅰ卷)解析：chpstick是可数名词，应把chpstick改为chpsticks。
④All the ftball player n the playgrund cheered ludly, saying that I had a talent fr ftball. (2019年课标全国Ⅰ卷)解析：player改为players。⑤T everyne’s surprising, the ball went int the net. (2019年课标全国Ⅰ卷)解析：t ne’s surprise 意为“令某人吃惊的是”， 故把surprising 改为surprise。⑥When I was little, Friday’s night was ur family game night. (2018年课标全国Ⅱ卷)解析：考查名词作定语，星期五晚上，应该用Friday而不是表示所属关系的Friday’s。
⑦Luckily I will g hme in tw weeks fr summer vacatins. (2020课标全国II卷)解析：考查名词单复数，vacatins 改为vacatin，summer vacatin 书剑。⑧ Last winter when I went there again， they had a big separate huse t raise dzens f chicken. (2018课标全国I卷）解析：考查名词的数，chicken意为“小鸡”， 可数名词，应把chicken改为chickens。 ⑨ Besides, they ften get sme useful infrmatins frm the Internet. (2017 课标全国II卷）解析：infrmatin是不可数名词，应把infrmatins改为infrmatin。
从上面的高考题中，我们可以看出，在高考卷中对于名词的考查主要集中在名词的“数”，即可数名词单数变复数，不可数名词复数变单数，偶尔也会考查有其它词性改为名词，也会考查名词的所有格。
①We all knw that cycling is a greatly exercise. (2022年全国乙卷)②Tday I tried cking a simply dish myself. (2020课标全国I卷)③I felt s clsely t him. (2022全国甲卷)④I felt happily that their life had imprved. (2018课标全国I卷)⑤First, I wanted t ba a fireman, whse unifrm lked s clly. (2019课标全国II卷)⑥ What’s mre, ding husewrk can be a frm f mentally relaxatin frm study. (2021年全国乙卷)
归纳总结：形容词作定语和表语，故要把上面句子的副词改为形容词。
⑦ What’s mst, ding husewrk can be a frm f mental relaxatin frm study. (2021年全国乙卷)⑧See yu sner. (2020课标全国II卷) ⑨ One was that I was amazed at the fact that a sick persn culd feel much mre better after seeing a dctr. (2019课标全国卷)
归纳总结：考查形容词和副词的比较级和最高级，也会考查比较级前的修饰词。
① I became interesting in playing ftball thanks t a small accident. (2019课标全国I卷)② My mm is really cncerning with the health f everyne in ur family. (2020课标全国III卷)③ One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick persn culd feel much better after seeing a dctr. (2019课标全国II卷)
归纳总结：短文改错经常考查形容词化的现在分词和过去分词，人作主语，现在分词要改为过去分词。
① The disagreement was t sharp that neither he nr I knew hw t settle it. (2022全国甲卷)② In my pinin, when in truble, we shuld seek help frm thse we trust mstly. (2021全国甲卷)③ I stpped the ball and kicked it hardly back t the playgrund. (2019课标全国I卷)④ I want t be a teacher because I liked my English teacher t much. (2019课标全国II卷)
归纳总结：注意区分形近的副词，掌握诸如many和much，hard和hardly, late和later, befre 和ag, s 和such等副词的区别。
①When yu ride a bicycle, yu dn’t use petrl. S they are nt prducing carbn dixide and nt causing air pllutin. (2022全国乙卷)② Sme will turn t their parents r teachers fr help. Only a few chse t deal with the prblems n ur wn. （2021全国甲卷）③“Nt that way,”my mm tried t stp us but failed. (2020课标全国I卷)④ In the cafe, custmers will enjy yurselves in the histrical envirnment that is created fr them. (2019课标全国III卷)
① My father ften tk me t his hspital when I was ff my schl. (2022全国甲卷)② Frm then n, I started t play my ftball with classrms after schl.(2019课标全国I卷)
解析：be ff schl 为固定搭配，意为“离开学校；不上学”；play ftball 固定短语，”踢足球“。
归纳总结：短文改错常常删去固定搭配中的多余代词
① The first time I went there again, they were living in a small huse with dgs, ducks, and anther animals. (2018课标全国II)② Sme will turn t their parents r teachers fr help. Only a little chse t deal with the prblems n their wn. (2021全国甲卷)③ Mr.and Mrs.Zhang all/all wrk in ur schl. (2017课标全国II卷)
归纳总结：注意掌握常见的不定代词区别，如：all, bth；either, neither；ther, anther；little, few等
Best f luck with yurs learning kung fu in China. (2020课标全国II)
① Fr example, every mrning, my dad has t have the bwl f egg sup while I have t eat an apple. (2020课标全国Ⅲ卷)② Suddenly ftball fell just in frnt f me and almst hit me. (2019课标全国I卷) ③ Each f my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style. (2019课标全国Ⅲ)④ As the kid, I lved t watch cartns---.(2018课标全国Ⅱ)⑤ They live far frm the schl, and it takes them abut a hur and a half t g t wrk every day. (2017课标全国II卷)
①Then I put the tmates and the beaten eggs int pan tgether. (2020课标全国Ⅰ卷)② During my last winter hliday, I went t cuntryside with my father t visit my grandparents. (2018课标全国Ⅰ卷) ③ I still remember hw hard first day was. (2017课标全国Ⅰ卷)④ Arund me in picture are the things that were very imprtant in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. (2017课标全国Ⅲ卷)⑤ But in that case, we will learn little abut wrld. (2016课标全国Ⅱ卷)
冠词分为不定冠词a和an、定冠词the，对于冠词的考查集中在冠词的泛指、特指的误用和不定冠词a、an的误用；冠词的习惯用法常常成为考生的失分点。
① Maybe it is because the cmbinatin f fresh air, smth mvements and exercise. (2022全国乙卷)② In my pinin, students can benefit a lt ding sme husewrk. (2021全国乙卷)③ One f the questins is:Wh will yu g in times f truble? (2021全国甲卷)④ I’m glad t knw that yu’ve cme China t learn kung fu in a schl in my hmetwn. (2020课标全国Ⅱ卷)
⑤ Then I can spare sme time t learn it again, s that we can practice tgether n every day. (2020课标全国Ⅱ卷)⑥ When I studied chemistry high schl, I recnsidered my gal and decided t be a dctr. (2019 课标全国Ⅱ卷)⑦ I want my cafe t have a special theme such as like “Tang Dynasty”. (2019课标全国Ⅲ卷)⑧ At the end f ur trip, I tld my father that I planned t return fr every tw years, and he agreed. (2018课标全国I卷)
归纳总结：高考短文改错题中对于介词的考查形式包括在动词、名词或者形容词后加上介词、将用错的介词改正和时间状语删除多余的介词。
① They ften run at high speeds, which may put ur lives in danger. And there were traffic jams. (2022全国乙卷)② Firstly, ding husewrk was helpful fr us t be a respnsible persn. (2021年全国乙卷)③ Actually, I start t learn kung fu when I was seven years ld. (2020课标全国Ⅱ卷)④ Fr example， every mrning, my dad has t have a bwl f egg sup while I had t eat an apple. (2020课标全国Ⅲ)
⑤ The ther is that I wanted t help peple in need. (2019课标全国Ⅱ卷)⑥ During my last winter hliday, I went t the cuntryside with my father t visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. (2018年课标全国Ⅰ卷)
归纳总结：短文改错经常考查一般现在时和一般过去时的不一致，考生需要根据语境确定正确的时态。
Just see hw cars have been taken ver ur cities. (2022年全国乙卷)
归纳总结：短文改错对于被动语态的考查比较少，多删掉be 动词或者把主动语态变为被动语态
① A dctr tells me peple wh lives the lngest are dancers and cyclists. (2022年全国乙卷)② He shwed me hw his medical instruments was used. (2021全国乙卷)③ One f the questins are: Wh will yu g t in times f help. (2021全国甲卷)④ My dad dn’t like the sup and I dn’t enjy apples. (2020课标全国Ⅲ卷)⑤ And hpes this can inspire mre thinking n the tpic. (2021年全国乙卷)
归纳总结：短文改错经常考查一般现在时和一般过去时的主谓一致。
① I like eating fried tmates with eggs, and I thught it must t be easy t ck. (2020课标全国Ⅰ卷)② ---but n matter hw many times I asked t watch them, my parents wuld nt t let me. (2018课标全国Ⅱ卷)
归纳总结：对于情态动词，常常考查情态动词后使用动词原词，要删掉t。
① I was unwilling talk with him and ften disbeyed his rule f nt stay ut with my friends t late. (2022全国甲卷)② I like eating frying tmates with eggs, and I thught it must be easy t ck. (2020课标全国I卷)③ My mm tld me hw t preparing it. (2020课标全国I卷)④ My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lt by sell the fish. (2018课标全国I卷)
⑤ I want my cafe have a special theme such as “Tang Dynasty”. (2019课标全国Ⅲ卷)⑥ As a kid, I lved t watch cartns, but n matter hw many times I asked t watching them, my parents wuld nt let me. (2018课标全国Ⅱ卷)
归纳总结：在短文改错中，主要考查非谓语动词在句中作不同的成分，如非谓语动词作宾语、状语、补语、表语、定语等。介词和动词后动名词作宾语；动词不定式后加t 或者不定式后面接动词原形；过去分词表被动，现在分词表主动。
① Whether yu ride a bicycle, yu dn’t use petrl. (2022全国乙卷)② I als water the flwers in the yard and tidy up my wn bedrm whatever necessary. (2020课标全国I卷)③ In my pinin, where in truble, we shuld seek help frm thse we trust mst. (2021全国甲卷)
④ I waited patiently unless the il was ht. (2020课标全国I卷)⑤ Then I can spare sme time t learn it again, such that we can practice tgether every day. (2020课标全国Ⅱ卷)⑥ The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned ut t be very useful later in my life. (2018课标全国Ⅱ卷)
归纳总结：对于状语从句的考查集中于引导时间状语、条件状语、结果状语等从句的连词。时间状语从句引导词常考when、until；条件状语从句引导词常考if；结果状语从句常考s that等句型。
① One afternn where I was in primary schl, I was walking by the schl playgrund. (2019课标全国I卷)② Thank yu fr the letter, what really made me happy. (2020 课标全国II卷)③ Understanding her gd intentins, I eat all the fd what is prvided by Mm with appreciatin. (2020课标全国Ⅲ)④ In the cafe, custmers will enjy yurselves in the histrical envirnment what is created fr them. (2019课标全国Ⅲ)⑤ They als had a small pnd which they raised fish. (2018课标全国I卷)
归纳总结：短文改错对于定语从句的考查主要集中于关系代词that、which、wh, 关系副词when、where的用法
①I recnsidered my gal r decided t be a dctr. They were tw reasns fr the decisin.(2019课标全国I卷) ②The instructr kept repeating the wrds, “Speed up!” “Slw dwn!” “Turning left!” (2017课标全国I卷)
归纳总结：短文改错对于特殊句式的考查主要集中在祈使句、“there be句型”等特殊句式。
① One day, he talked with me r hped t mend ur relatins. (2022全国甲卷)② First I cut the tmates int pieces but put them aside. (2020课标全国I卷) ③ Suddenly a ftball fell just in frnt f me but almst hit me. (2019课标全国I卷)④ At the end f ur trip, I tld my father that I planned t return every tw years, but he agreed. (2018课标全国I卷)