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2021-2022学年陕西省渭南市华阴市高二上学期期末英语试卷（解析版）
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这是一份2021-2022学年陕西省渭南市华阴市高二上学期期末英语试卷（解析版），共21页。试卷主要包含了0分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2021-2022学年陕西省渭南市华阴市高二（上）期末英语试卷
题号
一
二
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四
五
六
总分
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Best Places to Visit in the UK
United Kingdom has long been a popular European tourist place for many because of its beautiful countryside，historic cities，top museums and outstanding theaters.Here are some of the best places to visit in the UK.
Cambridge
Cambridge is a beautiful English city located on the River Cam just north of London.As the home to one of the world's top universities，the University of Cambridge，it has all of the cultural and entertainment choices you might expect from a college town.
Chester
Located on the River Dee in Cheshire，England，Chester is more than 2，000 years old，which means there is plenty of history，culture and architecture lasting several centuries.The ancient walls around the city are one of Chester's biggest tourist attractions.
Stonehenge
One of the most famous sites in the world，Stonehenge consists of earthworks surrounding a circular setting of large standing stone in southwest England.It is also home to some of the most important Neolithic and Bronze Age finds and structures in the UK.It was not until 1600 BC that Stonehenge came to be completed.
Lake District
Located in northwest England，the Lake District is the second largest National Park in the UK.The main attractions are the lakes，mountains and hills.It is England's famous destination for hiking and climbing.
1. What will you do in Cambridge？ ______
A. Do various shopping. B. Meet famous people.
C. Visit the top university. D. Enjoy wonderful music.
2. Which destination will you choose if you want to go hiking？ ______
A. Cambridge. B. Chester. C. Stonehenge. D. Lake district.
3. What is the purpose of the text？ ______
A. To compare four tourist attractions in the UK
B. To recommend some tourist attractions in the UK
C. To list some of the best holiday activities in the UK
D. To encourage people to have a holiday in the UK
B
Physical education（体育），or PE，isn't required for all high school students.In some schools,it isn't offered for some different reasons.But should high school students receive physical education？The answer is certainly "Yes."
Today many people don't do sports.But as is known to all,doing sports is very important for an adult.Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.
The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens suffer from obesity（肥胖症）.The increase in activities that don't get teens to move around,such as computer games,means many teens don't get their required exercise.PE classes act as a public health measure to encourage physical activities and help teens have healthy weights.
Not doing sports increases teens' hazard of developing many diseases.An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems.As much as 75 percent of health-care spending goes toward treating medical conditions that can be prevented by lifestyle changes,according to the American College of Sports Medicine.
According to the President's Council on Fitness,Sports and Nutrition （PCFSN），students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic（学业的）performance.Students from programs with no physical activity,who used the extra time for classroom study,did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education.
4. According to Paragraph 2，what does physical education in high school mean？ ______
A. Making teens attach importance to exercise later.
B. Removing the stress faced by teens at school.
C. Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise.
D. Helping teens learn to make good plans.
5. What does the underlined word "hazard" in Paragraph 5 mean？ ______
A. happiness. B. risks. C. safety. D. sadness.
6. According to the PCFSN，doing sports ______ .
A. means making students choose between sports and studies
B. helps students make good use of all their time
C. means students adjust to their studies better
D. helps students do better in their studies
7. What is the text mainly about？ ______
A. Why high school students should receive physical education.
B. Why some schools consider physical education important.
C. How schools can help students love doing sports.
D. How high school students can live a better life.
C
Huang Danian，the well-known Chinese geophysicist，was born in 1958 in Guangxi，China.As a keen and able student，Huang went to the UK in 1993 to further his studies.
By the time Huang moved back to China in 2008，he had been living and working in the UK for 15 years.He had a good job and a life there，but he gave it all up to return to home driven by the idea that he needed to contribute to his country.As one of the world's leading experts in deep earth exploration technology，Huang was invited to participate in the "Thousand Talent" programme.He took up a position at Jilin University，Changchun.
Huang was named lead scientist on China's deep earth exploration programme，developing advanced cameras that can see through the Earth's crust（外壳）so that it can be analysed without having to dig into it.He set up an advanced lab，sometimes paying for equipment with his own money.Some described him as a "lunatic"（a "madman"），but this passion（热情）and drive enabled Huang to push forwards China's deep earth exploration technology into a world-leading position.Huang's devotion contributed to China's lunar probe（月球探测器）Yutu being landed on the moon in 2013 and the launch of the spacecrafts Shenzhou-11 and Tiangong-2 in 2016.
Huang's health also paid the price for his commitment to his work.He began having fainting fits（昏厥）in 2012，but paid them little attention，stating he did not have time to go to see a doctor——his work always came first.In November 2016，Huang fainted and was taken to hospital，where he was diagnosed with cancer.The disease was so advanced that he had just a couple of months to live.
Like the true scientist he was，Huang never gave up，but always tried to push forwards.Even from his hospital bed，he continued his work，writing letters of reference for his colleagues and replying to questions from his students.Huang died in January 2017，aged just 58.More than 800 people attended his funeral to celebrate a life that burned so bright，but was so short.
8. Huang returned to China in 2008 because ______ .
A. he desired to devote himself to his motherland
B. the "Thousand Talent" program attracted him
C. Jilin University offered him a top position
D. he wasn't satisfied with the life in the UK
9. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？ ______
A. China's aerospace development.
B. Huang's working attitude and style.
C. China's deep earth exploration technology.
D. Huang's great contributions to China.
10. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs？ ______
A. The working environment caused Huang's disease.
B. Huang worked continuously despite his poor health.
C. Huang was taken to hospital after he fainted in 2012.
D. A large sum of money was paid to treat Huang's illness.
11. Which of the following can be used to describe Huang Danian？ ______
A. Generous and honest. B. Hardworking and determined.
C. Modest and courageous. D. Passionate and patient.
D
Oxygen.Clean air.Shade.Trees provide people with all sorts of benefits.A major one：removing carbondioxide（CO2）from the air and storing it.That makes trees an important part of the fight against climate change.But they only hold onto carbon as long as they're alive.Once they die，trees release thatCO2 back into the atmosphere.This movement of carbon between forests and the atmosphere is called a carbon flux，notes Roel Brienen，a forest ecologist at the University of Leeds.
"These fluxes affect the amount of carbon a forest can store，" he explains.It's like the way a bank account works.Forests store carbon the way a bank account stores money.If you spend more than you make，your bank account will shrink.And it will grow if you put more money into the account than you take out.Which direction a forest's "carbon account" goes has a huge influence on climate.
Recent studies have found that trees around the world are growing faster than ever.Rising atmosphericCO2 is probably driving that rapid growth，Brienen says.High levels of this gas are boosting temperatures，which speed tree growth.Brienen also found that fast-growing tree species，in general，live shorter lives.That quickens their release of carbon back into the air which is disappointing news for global warming.Brienen then examined what factors might influence tree growth，including rainfall，soil type and how crowded a forest was.None was linked to early tree death.
Levels of carbon in our forests could return to those from before the increases in growth，Brienen says.That does not mean planting trees won't help fight climate change，but which trees are used could have a big impact.A forest of mostly fast-growing trees would store less carbon over the long term.It would therefore have less value for carbon storage projects.
"We must understand，however，that the only way to bring downCO2 levels is to stop emitting （排放）it into the atmosphere，" says Brienen.
12. How does the author explain "a carbon flux"？ ______
A. By giving examples. B. By making a comparison.
C. By describing the process. D. By analyzing cause and effect.
13. What may speed tree growth according to Brienen？ ______
A. An increase inCO2 levels. B. Crowdedness of a forest.
C. Rich carbon in the soil. D. The long rainy season.
14. What should carbon storage projects do？ ______
A. Plant as many trees as possible.
B. Remove dead trees from forests.
C. Plant trees with a long growth cycle.
D. Ban the emission of gases into the atmosphere.
15. What can be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Fast-growing trees may add to climate crisis
B. Climate change is cutting the number of trees
C. Is planting trees the answer to climate change？
D. What are the best carbon-trapping trees to plant？
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Art Literacy Makes the Beauty of Life
Located in the western part of Jiangxi，Yichun is well-known for its art atmosphere.In a way，art，in different forms，gradually opens local students' eyes to a wider range of beauty，which fosters（培养）their art literacy (1) The art museum plays an important role in developing students' art literacy (2) The events are different，such as New Year's Day special and National Day special.During these activities，students can learn many kinds of simple art skills，making many new friends and having a nice time.Besides，students can have wonderful opportunities to admire meaningful and colorful art works.
Establishing a closer cooperation relationship between museums and schools is the main concern of the art museum.The staff go to the local schools on a regular basis to help promote art education. (3) improving the students' fulfillment ability as well as their culture art manners.
(4) Many excellent volunteers are enthusiastic about the spread of art in the free time，such as guiding for art exhibitions and finding smart ways to spread art effectively.
Thoughts lead to action and art communication is an important branch of art studies.The popularity of art makes culture much easier to enter people's life.Thanks to Yichun Art Museum，we can get close to great works of art and it brings pretty enjoyment of art for us.What's more，the art literacy helps us explore and discover the beauty of nature and enjoy the beauty of life (5) welcome to join us.
A.If you are interested in art
B.The museum housing masterpieces is well worth a visit
C.Yichun Art Museum here is a treasure we should pay attention to
D.The art museum attracts volunteers of all ages from all walks of life
E.The students benefit a lot from the delicate works of art on exhibition
F.It often holds public education events，especially on holidays and vacations
G.It is one of the great methods to foster art emotions
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
I went with some partners from my office for dinner in a very popular local restaurant.It was(21) business time and the restaurant was crowded（拥挤的）.We(22)found a table in a corner for three of us.
As soon as we sat down,we heard a crash（碰撞声）when a cleaning boy (23)the floor with all the plates he was carrying.There was (24) and no one was saying or doing anything.
In a flash （马上） I remembered my (25) many years ago.At one time,I(26)when I was on business.I had a high fever but luckily was taken care of by two (27).Then this was my chance to (28)it forward.
I ran to the boy's side(29)，turned him on his back and screamed for someone to(30)a hot drink.Soon people started asking if I was a（n）(31).I said I was not,but I actually had learned some first-aid lessons.
The boy soon opened his eyes,(32) what had happened.And so I(33) him by saying it was OK.He had not eaten anything.I held the warm drink to his mouth till he(34) it and sat with him until he felt OK.By then the(35) had arrived.I asked her to give the boy something to eat.I offered to pay.The manager was kind enough to(36) the payment and agreed to make sure the boy ate before he went home.By the time all this was over,it was getting(37)for my partners.We hadn't(38) anything yet,so we decided to go home.
I slowly walked home,not hungry any more,feeling (39)for the opportunity I paid forward the(40)I had received many years ago.
21. A. busy B. local C. spare D. regular
22. A. actually B. finally C. usually D. gradually
23. A. kicked B. touched C. hit D. swept
24. A. silence B. danger C. doubt D. control
25. A. adventure B. fight C. experience D. lesson
26. A. fell out B. fell asleep C. fell behind D. fell ill
27. A. friends B. strangers C. partners D. relatives
28. A. pay B. return C. take D. put
29. A. slowly B. immediately C. sadly D. excitedly
30. A. select B. invent C. remove D. bring
31. A. professor B. teacher C. actor D. doctor
32. A. knowing B. wondering C. ignoring D. arguing
33. A. reminded B. comforted C. answered D. encouraged
34. A. spotted B. checked C. noticed D. finished
35. A. customer B. manager C. waitress D. parent
36. A. refuse B. accept C. choose D. permit
37. A. better B. boring C. late D. difficult
38. A. prepared B. required C. received D. ordered
39. A. ready B. angry C. grateful D. relaxed
40. A. kindness B. honor C. harm D. service
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
41. Today，much of the world's ocean is still a mystery.
So far，only 5 percent of it (1) （explore）.In fact，we know more about some areas of Mars than that of the world's ocean.
However， (2) is new technology that is helping scientists explore these hidden worlds.For example，scientists are using an underwater vehicle (3) （call） DeepSee to explore sea mounts underwater mountains.Scientists have used DeepSee to study Las Gemelas.There are a huge variety of species (4) （live）around Las Gemelas.Some of these species may have chemicals (5) can help people fight illnesses.
(6) deepest location of the earth is the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean.The ocean floor there is about 11，000 meters deep.In 2012，filmmaker and explorer James Cameron (7) （reach）the Mariana Trench in a vehicle called Deepsee Challenger.He was the first (8) （complete） the journey alone.Cameron took (9) （photo）and made videos on the ocean floor.
Deep-sea exploration also helps us in other ways.For example，we are learning how underwater earthquakes cause tsunamis（海啸）．As Cameron says，"This is the beginning of (10) （open） up a new frontier."
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：（1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Annabelle and Alyssa are twin sister，and people can hard tell them apart.Annabelle successfully entered famous American technology company after graduation.Because of her outstanding achievements she got it from the company，soon she was promoted to a senior management position in the company.Alyssa enjoyed see movies as a child and she became a director when he grew up.A decade ago，she decides to shoot a TV series featuring a fair and honest judge.Where in trouble，she asked for professional legal advice.The series are scheduled for release in August this year.All of them have succeeded in their respective careers，and their parents are proud of them.
(1)
(2)
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
43. 假设你是某中学的学生李华，最近参加了学校的"低碳生活社"。现在请根据社团有关章程，用英语写一封电子邮件给你的美国好友Jack，介绍你们社团及其活动情况.提示：
社团名称
低碳生活社
社团宗旨
低碳生活，从我做起
成员义务
衣：衣着朴素，收集旧衣赠灾区人民
食：在饭堂吃饭时按量取食，吃天然或简单包装食品
住：少用空调，使用节能灯，循环用水、纸张等
行：步行、骑自行车或使用公共交通工具
玩：选择能源消耗少的娱乐，如爬山、游泳、打球等
注意：（1）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（2）词数不少于100（开头已给出，但不计入总词数）。
Dear Jack，
How have you been？I'm glad to tell you that I have recently joined the "Low-carbon Living Club" in our school.______
Truly，
Li Hua
(1)
(2)
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段As the home to one of the world's top universities，the University of Cambridge（作为世界顶尖大学之一，剑桥大学，所在地。）可知，在剑桥游客们可以参观世界顶尖大学剑桥大学。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据最后一段It is England's famous destination for hiking and climbing.（它是英国最著名的徒步和登山圣地。）可知，喜欢徒步旅行的人可以去Lake Distric。故选D。
（3）写作目的题。根据第一段Here are some of the best places to visit in the UK.（下面是一些在英国可以参观的最棒的地方。）可知，这篇文章的写作目的是向读者介绍一些英国最佳的旅游胜地。故选B。
本文是应用文。主要向读者介绍四个英国最佳的旅游胜地。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】A、B、D、A
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第二段Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult. 现在教青少年健康生活方式的重要性并制定健身计划，可以帮助青少年将锻炼放在成年人的首位。可知，高中体育教育意味着让青少年重视以后的锻炼，故选A。
（2）B.词义猜测题。根据第四段Not doing sports increases teens' hazard of developing many diseases.An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems. 不做运动会增加青少年患上多种疾病的___，积极的生活方式是预防这些健康问题的好方法。可知，不运动会增加患病的风险，即划线单词意为："风险"。A．happiness高兴；B．risks风险；C．safety安全；D．sadness悲伤。故选B。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段Students from programs with no physical activity,who used the extra time for classroom study,did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education. 没有体育锻炼项目的学生，利用课余时间进行课堂学习的学生，在考试中的表现并不比那些放弃一些学习时间来支持体育的学生好。可知，根据PCFSN，做运动帮助学生在学习上做得更好。故选D。
（4）A.主旨大意题。根据第一段But should high school students have physical education ？The answer is certainly "Yes."但是高中生应该接受体育教育吗？答案肯定是肯定的。可知，该句是全文的主题句，因此这篇文章主要讲了为什么高中生应该接受体育教育。A．Why high school students should receive physical education. （为什么高中生应该接受体育教育），符合文意，故选A。
本文是一篇健康环保类阅读，主要讲了高中生为什么应该接受体育教育。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8~11.【答案】A、D、B、B
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第三段第二句"He had a good job and a life there，but he gave it all up to return to home driven by the idea that he needed to contribute to his country. （他在那里有一份很好的工作和生活，但他放弃了一切回到了家乡。他的想法是他需要为他的国家做贡献。） "可知，黄大年从英国回到祖国是渴望为国家的发展贡献自己的力量。故选A项。
（2）D.段落大意题。根据第三段末句"Huang's devotion contributed to China's lunar probe（月球探测器）Yutu being landed on the moon in 2013 and the launch of the spacecrafts Shenzhou-11 and Tiangong-2 in 2016. （黄大年的贡献包括2013年中国的月球探测器'玉兔'登陆月球，以及2016年神舟十一号和天宫二号飞船的发射。） "并结合全段内容可知，他开发的先进相机可以穿透地壳，这样就可以在不深入地壳的情况下进行分析。他建立了一个先进的实验室，正是这种激情和动力使黄大年把中国的深地探测技术推向了世界领先的地位。所以第二段主要讲述黄大年对中国做出的巨大贡献。故选D项。
（3）B.细节理解题。由倒数第二段"He began having fainting fits（昏厥）in 2012，but paid them lttle attention，stating he did not have time to go to see a doctor- - his work always came first. （在2012年他开始有晕厥发作。但很少注意，说他没有时间去看医生他的工作总是第一位的。）"及最后一段"Even from his hospital bed，he continued his work，writing letters of reference for his cllagues and replying to questions from his students. （即使躺在病床上，他也继续工作，为同事们写推荐信，回答学生们的问题。） "可知，他虽然患病晕厥住院但仍坚持工作。故选B项。
（4）B.推理判断题。根据第二段"He had a good job and a life there，but he gave it all up to return to home driven by the idea that he needed to contribute to his country.As one of the world's leading experts in deep earth exploration technology，Huang was invited to participate in the"Thousand Talent" programme. （他在那里有一份很好的工作和生活，但他放弃了一切回到了家乡他的想法是他需要为他的国家做贡献。） "可知，黄大年放弃英国的优厚待遇回国为祖国发展尽力，他是爱国的。综合最后两段，他患重病仍坚持工作，教导学生，可知他是敬业的。因此B项非常准确地形容黄大年。A.Generous and honest 慷慨和诚实的；B.Hardworking and determined.工作努力和意志坚定的；C.Modest and courageous 谦虚勇敢的；D.Passionate and patient 充满激情和耐心的。故选B项。
这是一篇记叙文。介绍了中国著名地球物理学家黄大年的生平及他为祖国做出的贡献。
阅读理解，要先通读全文，再结合题目到文章中针对性的寻找与题目相关的细节，抓关键词、关键句，仔细推敲，结合选项，逐一排除，如是错误选项，一定要明白表达错误所在；如是正确选项，一定是完全符合原文作者所要表达的意思、观点或想法，或与文章中某些细节完全相符。
12~15.【答案】B、A、C、A
【解析】（1）B.写作手法题。文章第一段中的This movement of carbon between forests and the atmosphere is called a carbon flux这种碳在森林和大气之间的移动被称为碳通量。提出了碳通量的概念，第二段将这一概念与银行账户作比较，进一步解释了何为碳通量。其中的It's like the way a bank account works就像银行账户一样。以及Forests store carbon the way a bank account stores money森林储存碳就像银行储存钱一样。可知作者是通过比较的方法来解释碳通量这概念的。故选B。
（2）A.细节理解题。根据第三段中的Rising atmospheric CO2 ...are boosting temperatures，which speed tree growth上升的大气二氧化碳…提高了温度，加速了树木的生长。可知，大气中不断上升的二氧化碳含量使温度升高，从而加速了树木的生长。故选A。
（3）C.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的A forest of mostly fast-growing trees would store less carbon over the long term.It would therefore have less value for carbon storage projects从长远来看，由快速生长的树木组成的森林会储存更少的碳。因此，它对碳储存项目的价值就会降低。由此可知，碳存储项目应多种植生长缓慢，即生长周期较长的树木。故选C。
（4）A.标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了生长过快的树木会导致它们很快将吸收的一氧化碳重新释放到空气中去，不利于对抗气候变化，故"A.Fast-growing trees may add to climate crisis速生树木可能会加剧气候危机。"作标题最为恰当。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。气候变暖导致树木生长加快，但同时也会缩短它们的寿命，而树木死后它们吸收的二氧化碳又会重新释放到大气中。从长远来看，这不利于对抗气候变化。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】C、F、G、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据后句The art museum plays an important role in developing students' art literacy（这个美术馆在培养学生的艺术素养方面发挥着重要作用），可知表示"这里的伊春美术馆是我们应该关注的宝藏"的选项C符合前后的语境，The art museum是关键词，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据后句The events are different，such as New Year's Day special and National Day special（活动各有不同，如元旦特别活动和国庆特别活动），可知表示"它经常举办公共教育活动，特别是在节假日"的选项F符合前后的语境，The events是关键词，故选F。
（3）推理判断题。根据前句The staff go to the local schools on a regular basis to help promote art education（工作人员定期前往当地学校，帮助促进艺术教育），可知表示"这是培养艺术情感的好方法之一"的选项G符合前后的语境，promote art education是关键词，故选G。
（4）主题判断题。根据后句Many excellent volunteers are enthusiastic about the spread of art in the free time，such as guiding for art exhibitions and finding smart ways to spread art effectively（任何优秀的志愿者都热衷于在空闲时间传播艺术，例如指导艺术展览，寻找有效传播艺术的聪明方法），可知表示"美术馆吸引了来自各行各业的各个年龄段的志愿者"的选项D符合前后的语境，Many excellent volunteers是关键词，故选D。
（5）推理判断题。根据前文对这个美术馆的介绍，以及后半句welcome to join us（加入我们），可知表示"如果你对艺术感兴趣"的选项A符合前后的语境，join us是关键词，故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了伊春美术馆为培养学生艺术素养而做出的努力。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~40.【答案】A、B、C、A、C、D、B、A、B、D、D、B、B、D、B、A、C、D、C、A
【解析】（1）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.busy忙碌的；B.local当地的；C.spare空闲的；D.regular定期的。根据空后的"the restaurant was crowded"可推断出，那时餐馆里应该很繁忙，故答案为A。
（2）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.actually事实上；B.finally最后；C.usually通常；D.gradually逐渐地。根据空后的"found a table in a corner for three of us"可推断出，此处表示作者和同伴终于找到一张餐桌，故答案为B。
（3）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.kicked踢；B.touched触碰；C.hit击打；D.swept打扫。根据空前的"we heard a crash"和空后的"with all the plates he was carrying" 可知，一个清洁工男孩倒在地板上，盘子也掉在地板上了，故答案为C。
（4）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.silence沉默；B.danger危险；C.doubt怀疑；D.control控制。根据空后的"no one was saying or doing anything"并结合常识可知，发生了这样不愉快的事情，没有人出声，故答案为A。
（5）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.adventure冒险；B.fight斗争；C.experience经验，经历；D.lesson课，教训。根据下文when I was on business的描述可知，那是作者的一次经历，故答案为C。
（6）D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.fell out脱落；B.fell asleep入睡；C.fell behind落后；D.fell ill生病。根据空后的"I had a high fever"可知，当时作者生病了，故答案为D。
（7）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.friends朋友；B.strangers陌生人；C.partners搭档；D.relatives亲戚。此处要表达的意思是，作者得到了两个陌生人的帮助，故答案为B。
（8）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.pay支付；B.return归还；C.take带走；D.put放下。前面说到作者受到别人的帮助，此处表示作者认为是时候让爱传出去了，下文中的"the opportunity I paid forward" 也是提示。故答案为A。
（9）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.slowly慢慢地；B.immediately立即；C.sadly悲伤地；D.excitedly激动地。根据空前的"I ran to"可知，作者立刻跑到那个男孩的身边。故答案为B。
（10）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.select挑选；B.invent发明；C.remove去除；D.bring带来。此处表示作者叫人拿一杯热饮料，故答案为D。
（11）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.professor教授；B.teacher老师；C.actor演员；D.doctor医生。根据语境并结合常识可知，作者那时正在救人，故此处是说人们问他是不是医生（doctor），故答案为D。
（12）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.knowing知道；B.wondering想知道；C.ignoring忽视；D.arguing争论。此处表示那个男孩睁开眼睛，想知道（wondering）发生了什么事情，故答案为B。
（13）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.reminded提醒；B.comforted安慰；C.answered回答；D.encouraged鼓励。根据空后的"by saying it was OK"并结合常识可知，此处是说作者在安慰那个男孩，故答案为B。
（14）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.spotted发现；B.checked核实；C.noticed注意到；D.finished完成。根据语境可知，这里是说作者把热饮料放到男孩的嘴边，直到他喝完饮料，故答案为D。
（15）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.customer顾客；B.manager经理；C.waitress女服务员；D.parent父母。根据空后的"The manager was kind enough to（16）the payment"可知，此处是说这时经理来了。故答案为B。
（16）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.refuse拒绝；B.accept接受；C.choose选择；D.permit允许。根据空前的"I offered to pay"和"The manager was kind enough"可知，经理拒绝了作者的付款，故答案为A。
（17）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.better更好的；B.boring枯燥的；C.late晚的；D.difficult困难的。根据空后的"so we decided to go home"并结合常识可知，此处表示天色已晚，于是作者和同伴就决定回家了，故答案为C。
（18）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.prepared准备；B.required要求；C.received接受；D.ordered订购。根据空后的"not hungry any more ，feeling（19）"可知，此处表示作者和同伴并没有点餐就回家了，故答案为D。
（19）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.ready准备好的；B.angry生气的；C.grateful感激的；D.relaxed放松的。作者对这样的机会怀有感恩之情，故答案为C。
（20）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.kindness善良；B.honor荣誉；C.harm危害；D.service服务。根据上文In a flash （马上） I remembered my （5）many years ago中作者的经历可知，此处表示作者为有机会回报多年前接受的善行而心存感激，故答案为A。
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者和同伴在饭店准备用餐时，对一个昏倒的清洁工进行施救的经历。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。
41.【答案】【小题1】has been explored
【小题2】it
【小题3】called
【小题4】living
【小题5】that/which
【小题6】The
【解析】（1）考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，只有百分之五的地方被探索过。时间状语为so far，句子用现在完成时，句子主语是Only 5 percent of it，谓语动词用三单形式，且和谓语动词explore之间是被动关系，故填has been explored。
（2）考查强调句。句意：然而，正是新技术帮助科学家探索这些隐秘的世界。分析句子可知，此处为强调句，基本结构为it is/was+强调部分+that+句子其他部分。故填it。
（3）考查过去分词。句意：例如，科学家正在使用一种名为DeepSee的水下飞行器来探索海底山脉。此处为非谓语动词作定语，逻辑主语vehicle和call之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填called。
（4）考查现在分词。句意：Las Gemelas周围生活着各种各样的物种。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语species和live之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填living。
（5）考查定语从句。句意：这些物种中的一些可能含有能够帮助人们对抗疾病的化学物质。空处引导定语从句，先行词是chemicals，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词that/which引导从句。故填that/which。
（6）考查定冠词。句意：地球最深的地方是太平洋的马里亚纳海沟。最高级前用定冠词，且首字母大写，故填The。
（7）考查时态。句意：2012年，电影制作人兼探险家詹姆斯•卡梅隆驾驶一辆名为Deepsee Challenger的车到达了马里亚纳海沟。结合句意和in 2021可知，句子为一般过去时。故填reached。
（8）考查不定式。句意：他是第一个独自完成旅程的人。此处用不定式作后置定语修饰the first。故填to complete。
（9）考查可数名词的复数。句意：卡梅隆在海底拍摄了照片和视频。take photos"拍照"是固定短语。故填photos。
（10）考查动名词。句意：正如卡梅伦所说，"这是开辟新领域的开始。"位于介词of后应填动名词作宾语。故填opening。
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是世界上的大部分海洋仍然是个谜，新技术正在帮助科学家探索这些隐藏的世界。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
42.【答案】【小题1】Annabelle and Alyssa are twin ，and people can tell them apart.Annabelle successfully entered ∧famous American technology company after graduation.Because of her outstanding achievements she got it from the company，soon she was promoted to a senior management position in the company.Alyssa enjoyed movies as a child and she became a director when grew up.A decade ago，she to shoot a TV series featuring a fair and honest judge. in trouble，she asked for professional legal advice.The series scheduled for release in August this year. of them have succeeded in their respective careers，and their parents are proud of them.
详解：
1.考查可数名词复数。句意：安娜贝利和艾丽莎是孪生姐妹，人们几乎不能把她们区别开来。sister"姐妹"是可数名词，结合语境可知，此处表示姐妹两人，故应用其复数形式，故sister改为sisters。
2.考查副词。句意：安娜贝利和艾丽莎是孪生姐妹，人们几乎不能把她们区别开来。根据句意此处表示"几乎不"应用副词hardly，副词hard表示"努力地"，不符合语境，故hard改为hardly。
3.考查冠词。句意：安娜贝利毕业后成功进入美国一家著名的科技公司。company"公司"为可数名词，结合语境可知，此处为泛指，且famous的发音以辅音音素开头，故应用不定冠词a，故famous前加a。
4.考查定语从句。句意：因为她在公司取得了杰出的成就，她很快被提升为公司的高级管理职位。分析可知，she got it from the company为省略了that的定语从句，先行词为achievements，在从句中作got的宾语，it多余，故去掉it。
5.考查动名词。句意：艾莉莎小时候喜欢看电影，长大后成为了一名导演。enjoy doing sth表示"喜欢做某事"，故此处应用动名词作宾语，故see改为seeing。
6.考查代词。句意：艾莉莎小时候喜欢看电影，长大后成为了一名导演。结合语境可知，此处代指Alyssa，故应用she，故he改为she。
7.考查动词时态。句意：十年前，她决定拍摄一部以公正诚实的法官为主角的电视剧。根据时间状语a decade ago可知，句子应用一般过去时，故decides改为decided。
8.考查时间状语。句意：遇到麻烦时，她寻求专业的法律意见。结合句意可知，此处表示"当......时候"，故应用when引导时间状语从句，故Where改为When。
9.考查主谓一致。句意：该电视剧将于今年8月发行。分析可知，句子主语the series为单数含义，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故are改为is。
10.考查代词。句意：他们两人在各自的职业生涯中都取得了成功，他们的父母为他们感到骄傲。结合语境可知，此处表示安娜贝利和艾丽莎两个，故应用both，all表示"三者及三者以上都"，不符合语境，故All改为Both。
【小题2】略
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了孪生姐妹安娜贝利和艾丽莎的故事。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。
43.【答案】【小题1】Dear Jack，
How have you been？I'm glad to tell you that I have recently joined the "Low-carbon Living Club" in our school.Now let me tell you some details about the organization.（社团名称）
With the spirit of " Low-carbon living starts from me" ，we encourage our club members to wear plain clothes and donate the unneeded used ones to people who are in disaster-stricken areas.【高分句型一】We advice taking no more than what we need in the canteen and choosing natural or simply-packed food.（社团宗旨）As club members，we try to limit the use of air conditioners，use energy-saving lights and recycle used water and paper.Besides，we are expected to walk，cycle or take public transportation，which are very effective and environmentally friendly.【高分句型二】Last but not least，in our spare time，we choose to climb mountains，swim or do other outdoor sports instead of taking the entertainment that consumes a great deal of energy.（成员义务）
I am taking great delight in doing these and I am firmly convinced that if everybody can follow these，we will make world a better place.（号召）
Truly，
Li Hua
【小题2】略
【解析】高分句型一：With the spirit of " Low-carbon living starts from me" ，we encourage our club members to wear plain clothes and donate the unneeded used ones to people who are in disaster-stricken areas.
翻译：本着"低碳生活从我做起"的精神，我们鼓励俱乐部成员穿便衣，把不需要的旧衣服捐给受灾地区的人们。
分析：本句使用了who引导的定语从句。
高分句型二：Besides，we are expected to walk，cycle or take public transportation，which are very effective and environmentally friendly.
翻译：此外，我们希望步行、骑自行车或乘坐公共交通工具，这些都是非常有效和环保的。
分析：本句使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
书信类作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
2021-2022学年陕西省渭南市华阴市高二（上）期末英语试卷
题号
一
二
三
四
五
六
总分
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Best Places to Visit in the UK
United Kingdom has long been a popular European tourist place for many because of its beautiful countryside，historic cities，top museums and outstanding theaters.Here are some of the best places to visit in the UK.
Cambridge
Cambridge is a beautiful English city located on the River Cam just north of London.As the home to one of the world's top universities，the University of Cambridge，it has all of the cultural and entertainment choices you might expect from a college town.
Chester
Located on the River Dee in Cheshire，England，Chester is more than 2，000 years old，which means there is plenty of history，culture and architecture lasting several centuries.The ancient walls around the city are one of Chester's biggest tourist attractions.
Stonehenge
One of the most famous sites in the world，Stonehenge consists of earthworks surrounding a circular setting of large standing stone in southwest England.It is also home to some of the most important Neolithic and Bronze Age finds and structures in the UK.It was not until 1600 BC that Stonehenge came to be completed.
Lake District
Located in northwest England，the Lake District is the second largest National Park in the UK.The main attractions are the lakes，mountains and hills.It is England's famous destination for hiking and climbing.
1. What will you do in Cambridge？ ______
A. Do various shopping. B. Meet famous people.
C. Visit the top university. D. Enjoy wonderful music.
2. Which destination will you choose if you want to go hiking？ ______
A. Cambridge. B. Chester. C. Stonehenge. D. Lake district.
3. What is the purpose of the text？ ______
A. To compare four tourist attractions in the UK
B. To recommend some tourist attractions in the UK
C. To list some of the best holiday activities in the UK
D. To encourage people to have a holiday in the UK
B
Physical education（体育），or PE，isn't required for all high school students.In some schools,it isn't offered for some different reasons.But should high school students receive physical education？The answer is certainly "Yes."
Today many people don't do sports.But as is known to all,doing sports is very important for an adult.Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.
The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens suffer from obesity（肥胖症）.The increase in activities that don't get teens to move around,such as computer games,means many teens don't get their required exercise.PE classes act as a public health measure to encourage physical activities and help teens have healthy weights.
Not doing sports increases teens' hazard of developing many diseases.An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems.As much as 75 percent of health-care spending goes toward treating medical conditions that can be prevented by lifestyle changes,according to the American College of Sports Medicine.
According to the President's Council on Fitness,Sports and Nutrition （PCFSN），students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic（学业的）performance.Students from programs with no physical activity,who used the extra time for classroom study,did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education.
4. According to Paragraph 2，what does physical education in high school mean？ ______
A. Making teens attach importance to exercise later.
B. Removing the stress faced by teens at school.
C. Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise.
D. Helping teens learn to make good plans.
5. What does the underlined word "hazard" in Paragraph 5 mean？ ______
A. happiness. B. risks. C. safety. D. sadness.
6. According to the PCFSN，doing sports ______ .
A. means making students choose between sports and studies
B. helps students make good use of all their time
C. means students adjust to their studies better
D. helps students do better in their studies
7. What is the text mainly about？ ______
A. Why high school students should receive physical education.
B. Why some schools consider physical education important.
C. How schools can help students love doing sports.
D. How high school students can live a better life.
C
Huang Danian，the well-known Chinese geophysicist，was born in 1958 in Guangxi，China.As a keen and able student，Huang went to the UK in 1993 to further his studies.
By the time Huang moved back to China in 2008，he had been living and working in the UK for 15 years.He had a good job and a life there，but he gave it all up to return to home driven by the idea that he needed to contribute to his country.As one of the world's leading experts in deep earth exploration technology，Huang was invited to participate in the "Thousand Talent" programme.He took up a position at Jilin University，Changchun.
Huang was named lead scientist on China's deep earth exploration programme，developing advanced cameras that can see through the Earth's crust（外壳）so that it can be analysed without having to dig into it.He set up an advanced lab，sometimes paying for equipment with his own money.Some described him as a "lunatic"（a "madman"），but this passion（热情）and drive enabled Huang to push forwards China's deep earth exploration technology into a world-leading position.Huang's devotion contributed to China's lunar probe（月球探测器）Yutu being landed on the moon in 2013 and the launch of the spacecrafts Shenzhou-11 and Tiangong-2 in 2016.
Huang's health also paid the price for his commitment to his work.He began having fainting fits（昏厥）in 2012，but paid them little attention，stating he did not have time to go to see a doctor——his work always came first.In November 2016，Huang fainted and was taken to hospital，where he was diagnosed with cancer.The disease was so advanced that he had just a couple of months to live.
Like the true scientist he was，Huang never gave up，but always tried to push forwards.Even from his hospital bed，he continued his work，writing letters of reference for his colleagues and replying to questions from his students.Huang died in January 2017，aged just 58.More than 800 people attended his funeral to celebrate a life that burned so bright，but was so short.
8. Huang returned to China in 2008 because ______ .
A. he desired to devote himself to his motherland
B. the "Thousand Talent" program attracted him
C. Jilin University offered him a top position
D. he wasn't satisfied with the life in the UK
9. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？ ______
A. China's aerospace development.
B. Huang's working attitude and style.
C. China's deep earth exploration technology.
D. Huang's great contributions to China.
10. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs？ ______
A. The working environment caused Huang's disease.
B. Huang worked continuously despite his poor health.
C. Huang was taken to hospital after he fainted in 2012.
D. A large sum of money was paid to treat Huang's illness.
11. Which of the following can be used to describe Huang Danian？ ______
A. Generous and honest. B. Hardworking and determined.
C. Modest and courageous. D. Passionate and patient.
D
Oxygen.Clean air.Shade.Trees provide people with all sorts of benefits.A major one：removing carbondioxide（CO2）from the air and storing it.That makes trees an important part of the fight against climate change.But they only hold onto carbon as long as they're alive.Once they die，trees release thatCO2 back into the atmosphere.This movement of carbon between forests and the atmosphere is called a carbon flux，notes Roel Brienen，a forest ecologist at the University of Leeds.
"These fluxes affect the amount of carbon a forest can store，" he explains.It's like the way a bank account works.Forests store carbon the way a bank account stores money.If you spend more than you make，your bank account will shrink.And it will grow if you put more money into the account than you take out.Which direction a forest's "carbon account" goes has a huge influence on climate.
Recent studies have found that trees around the world are growing faster than ever.Rising atmosphericCO2 is probably driving that rapid growth，Brienen says.High levels of this gas are boosting temperatures，which speed tree growth.Brienen also found that fast-growing tree species，in general，live shorter lives.That quickens their release of carbon back into the air which is disappointing news for global warming.Brienen then examined what factors might influence tree growth，including rainfall，soil type and how crowded a forest was.None was linked to early tree death.
Levels of carbon in our forests could return to those from before the increases in growth，Brienen says.That does not mean planting trees won't help fight climate change，but which trees are used could have a big impact.A forest of mostly fast-growing trees would store less carbon over the long term.It would therefore have less value for carbon storage projects.
"We must understand，however，that the only way to bring downCO2 levels is to stop emitting （排放）it into the atmosphere，" says Brienen.
12. How does the author explain "a carbon flux"？ ______
A. By giving examples. B. By making a comparison.
C. By describing the process. D. By analyzing cause and effect.
13. What may speed tree growth according to Brienen？ ______
A. An increase inCO2 levels. B. Crowdedness of a forest.
C. Rich carbon in the soil. D. The long rainy season.
14. What should carbon storage projects do？ ______
A. Plant as many trees as possible.
B. Remove dead trees from forests.
C. Plant trees with a long growth cycle.
D. Ban the emission of gases into the atmosphere.
15. What can be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Fast-growing trees may add to climate crisis
B. Climate change is cutting the number of trees
C. Is planting trees the answer to climate change？
D. What are the best carbon-trapping trees to plant？
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Art Literacy Makes the Beauty of Life
Located in the western part of Jiangxi，Yichun is well-known for its art atmosphere.In a way，art，in different forms，gradually opens local students' eyes to a wider range of beauty，which fosters（培养）their art literacy (1) The art museum plays an important role in developing students' art literacy (2) The events are different，such as New Year's Day special and National Day special.During these activities，students can learn many kinds of simple art skills，making many new friends and having a nice time.Besides，students can have wonderful opportunities to admire meaningful and colorful art works.
Establishing a closer cooperation relationship between museums and schools is the main concern of the art museum.The staff go to the local schools on a regular basis to help promote art education. (3) improving the students' fulfillment ability as well as their culture art manners.
(4) Many excellent volunteers are enthusiastic about the spread of art in the free time，such as guiding for art exhibitions and finding smart ways to spread art effectively.
Thoughts lead to action and art communication is an important branch of art studies.The popularity of art makes culture much easier to enter people's life.Thanks to Yichun Art Museum，we can get close to great works of art and it brings pretty enjoyment of art for us.What's more，the art literacy helps us explore and discover the beauty of nature and enjoy the beauty of life (5) welcome to join us.
A.If you are interested in art
B.The museum housing masterpieces is well worth a visit
C.Yichun Art Museum here is a treasure we should pay attention to
D.The art museum attracts volunteers of all ages from all walks of life
E.The students benefit a lot from the delicate works of art on exhibition
F.It often holds public education events，especially on holidays and vacations
G.It is one of the great methods to foster art emotions
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
I went with some partners from my office for dinner in a very popular local restaurant.It was(21) business time and the restaurant was crowded（拥挤的）.We(22)found a table in a corner for three of us.
As soon as we sat down,we heard a crash（碰撞声）when a cleaning boy (23)the floor with all the plates he was carrying.There was (24) and no one was saying or doing anything.
In a flash （马上） I remembered my (25) many years ago.At one time,I(26)when I was on business.I had a high fever but luckily was taken care of by two (27).Then this was my chance to (28)it forward.
I ran to the boy's side(29)，turned him on his back and screamed for someone to(30)a hot drink.Soon people started asking if I was a（n）(31).I said I was not,but I actually had learned some first-aid lessons.
The boy soon opened his eyes,(32) what had happened.And so I(33) him by saying it was OK.He had not eaten anything.I held the warm drink to his mouth till he(34) it and sat with him until he felt OK.By then the(35) had arrived.I asked her to give the boy something to eat.I offered to pay.The manager was kind enough to(36) the payment and agreed to make sure the boy ate before he went home.By the time all this was over,it was getting(37)for my partners.We hadn't(38) anything yet,so we decided to go home.
I slowly walked home,not hungry any more,feeling (39)for the opportunity I paid forward the(40)I had received many years ago.
21. A. busy B. local C. spare D. regular
22. A. actually B. finally C. usually D. gradually
23. A. kicked B. touched C. hit D. swept
24. A. silence B. danger C. doubt D. control
25. A. adventure B. fight C. experience D. lesson
26. A. fell out B. fell asleep C. fell behind D. fell ill
27. A. friends B. strangers C. partners D. relatives
28. A. pay B. return C. take D. put
29. A. slowly B. immediately C. sadly D. excitedly
30. A. select B. invent C. remove D. bring
31. A. professor B. teacher C. actor D. doctor
32. A. knowing B. wondering C. ignoring D. arguing
33. A. reminded B. comforted C. answered D. encouraged
34. A. spotted B. checked C. noticed D. finished
35. A. customer B. manager C. waitress D. parent
36. A. refuse B. accept C. choose D. permit
37. A. better B. boring C. late D. difficult
38. A. prepared B. required C. received D. ordered
39. A. ready B. angry C. grateful D. relaxed
40. A. kindness B. honor C. harm D. service
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
41. Today，much of the world's ocean is still a mystery.
So far，only 5 percent of it (1) （explore）.In fact，we know more about some areas of Mars than that of the world's ocean.
However， (2) is new technology that is helping scientists explore these hidden worlds.For example，scientists are using an underwater vehicle (3) （call） DeepSee to explore sea mounts underwater mountains.Scientists have used DeepSee to study Las Gemelas.There are a huge variety of species (4) （live）around Las Gemelas.Some of these species may have chemicals (5) can help people fight illnesses.
(6) deepest location of the earth is the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean.The ocean floor there is about 11，000 meters deep.In 2012，filmmaker and explorer James Cameron (7) （reach）the Mariana Trench in a vehicle called Deepsee Challenger.He was the first (8) （complete） the journey alone.Cameron took (9) （photo）and made videos on the ocean floor.
Deep-sea exploration also helps us in other ways.For example，we are learning how underwater earthquakes cause tsunamis（海啸）．As Cameron says，"This is the beginning of (10) （open） up a new frontier."
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：（1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Annabelle and Alyssa are twin sister，and people can hard tell them apart.Annabelle successfully entered famous American technology company after graduation.Because of her outstanding achievements she got it from the company，soon she was promoted to a senior management position in the company.Alyssa enjoyed see movies as a child and she became a director when he grew up.A decade ago，she decides to shoot a TV series featuring a fair and honest judge.Where in trouble，she asked for professional legal advice.The series are scheduled for release in August this year.All of them have succeeded in their respective careers，and their parents are proud of them.
(1)
(2)
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
43. 假设你是某中学的学生李华，最近参加了学校的"低碳生活社"。现在请根据社团有关章程，用英语写一封电子邮件给你的美国好友Jack，介绍你们社团及其活动情况.提示：
社团名称
低碳生活社
社团宗旨
低碳生活，从我做起
成员义务
衣：衣着朴素，收集旧衣赠灾区人民
食：在饭堂吃饭时按量取食，吃天然或简单包装食品
住：少用空调，使用节能灯，循环用水、纸张等
行：步行、骑自行车或使用公共交通工具
玩：选择能源消耗少的娱乐，如爬山、游泳、打球等
注意：（1）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（2）词数不少于100（开头已给出，但不计入总词数）。
Dear Jack，
How have you been？I'm glad to tell you that I have recently joined the "Low-carbon Living Club" in our school.______
Truly，
Li Hua
(1)
(2)
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段As the home to one of the world's top universities，the University of Cambridge（作为世界顶尖大学之一，剑桥大学，所在地。）可知，在剑桥游客们可以参观世界顶尖大学剑桥大学。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据最后一段It is England's famous destination for hiking and climbing.（它是英国最著名的徒步和登山圣地。）可知，喜欢徒步旅行的人可以去Lake Distric。故选D。
（3）写作目的题。根据第一段Here are some of the best places to visit in the UK.（下面是一些在英国可以参观的最棒的地方。）可知，这篇文章的写作目的是向读者介绍一些英国最佳的旅游胜地。故选B。
本文是应用文。主要向读者介绍四个英国最佳的旅游胜地。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】A、B、D、A
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第二段Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult. 现在教青少年健康生活方式的重要性并制定健身计划，可以帮助青少年将锻炼放在成年人的首位。可知，高中体育教育意味着让青少年重视以后的锻炼，故选A。
（2）B.词义猜测题。根据第四段Not doing sports increases teens' hazard of developing many diseases.An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems. 不做运动会增加青少年患上多种疾病的___，积极的生活方式是预防这些健康问题的好方法。可知，不运动会增加患病的风险，即划线单词意为："风险"。A．happiness高兴；B．risks风险；C．safety安全；D．sadness悲伤。故选B。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段Students from programs with no physical activity,who used the extra time for classroom study,did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education. 没有体育锻炼项目的学生，利用课余时间进行课堂学习的学生，在考试中的表现并不比那些放弃一些学习时间来支持体育的学生好。可知，根据PCFSN，做运动帮助学生在学习上做得更好。故选D。
（4）A.主旨大意题。根据第一段But should high school students have physical education ？The answer is certainly "Yes."但是高中生应该接受体育教育吗？答案肯定是肯定的。可知，该句是全文的主题句，因此这篇文章主要讲了为什么高中生应该接受体育教育。A．Why high school students should receive physical education. （为什么高中生应该接受体育教育），符合文意，故选A。
本文是一篇健康环保类阅读，主要讲了高中生为什么应该接受体育教育。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8~11.【答案】A、D、B、B
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第三段第二句"He had a good job and a life there，but he gave it all up to return to home driven by the idea that he needed to contribute to his country. （他在那里有一份很好的工作和生活，但他放弃了一切回到了家乡。他的想法是他需要为他的国家做贡献。） "可知，黄大年从英国回到祖国是渴望为国家的发展贡献自己的力量。故选A项。
（2）D.段落大意题。根据第三段末句"Huang's devotion contributed to China's lunar probe（月球探测器）Yutu being landed on the moon in 2013 and the launch of the spacecrafts Shenzhou-11 and Tiangong-2 in 2016. （黄大年的贡献包括2013年中国的月球探测器'玉兔'登陆月球，以及2016年神舟十一号和天宫二号飞船的发射。） "并结合全段内容可知，他开发的先进相机可以穿透地壳，这样就可以在不深入地壳的情况下进行分析。他建立了一个先进的实验室，正是这种激情和动力使黄大年把中国的深地探测技术推向了世界领先的地位。所以第二段主要讲述黄大年对中国做出的巨大贡献。故选D项。
（3）B.细节理解题。由倒数第二段"He began having fainting fits（昏厥）in 2012，but paid them lttle attention，stating he did not have time to go to see a doctor- - his work always came first. （在2012年他开始有晕厥发作。但很少注意，说他没有时间去看医生他的工作总是第一位的。）"及最后一段"Even from his hospital bed，he continued his work，writing letters of reference for his cllagues and replying to questions from his students. （即使躺在病床上，他也继续工作，为同事们写推荐信，回答学生们的问题。） "可知，他虽然患病晕厥住院但仍坚持工作。故选B项。
（4）B.推理判断题。根据第二段"He had a good job and a life there，but he gave it all up to return to home driven by the idea that he needed to contribute to his country.As one of the world's leading experts in deep earth exploration technology，Huang was invited to participate in the"Thousand Talent" programme. （他在那里有一份很好的工作和生活，但他放弃了一切回到了家乡他的想法是他需要为他的国家做贡献。） "可知，黄大年放弃英国的优厚待遇回国为祖国发展尽力，他是爱国的。综合最后两段，他患重病仍坚持工作，教导学生，可知他是敬业的。因此B项非常准确地形容黄大年。A.Generous and honest 慷慨和诚实的；B.Hardworking and determined.工作努力和意志坚定的；C.Modest and courageous 谦虚勇敢的；D.Passionate and patient 充满激情和耐心的。故选B项。
这是一篇记叙文。介绍了中国著名地球物理学家黄大年的生平及他为祖国做出的贡献。
阅读理解，要先通读全文，再结合题目到文章中针对性的寻找与题目相关的细节，抓关键词、关键句，仔细推敲，结合选项，逐一排除，如是错误选项，一定要明白表达错误所在；如是正确选项，一定是完全符合原文作者所要表达的意思、观点或想法，或与文章中某些细节完全相符。
12~15.【答案】B、A、C、A
【解析】（1）B.写作手法题。文章第一段中的This movement of carbon between forests and the atmosphere is called a carbon flux这种碳在森林和大气之间的移动被称为碳通量。提出了碳通量的概念，第二段将这一概念与银行账户作比较，进一步解释了何为碳通量。其中的It's like the way a bank account works就像银行账户一样。以及Forests store carbon the way a bank account stores money森林储存碳就像银行储存钱一样。可知作者是通过比较的方法来解释碳通量这概念的。故选B。
（2）A.细节理解题。根据第三段中的Rising atmospheric CO2 ...are boosting temperatures，which speed tree growth上升的大气二氧化碳…提高了温度，加速了树木的生长。可知，大气中不断上升的二氧化碳含量使温度升高，从而加速了树木的生长。故选A。
（3）C.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的A forest of mostly fast-growing trees would store less carbon over the long term.It would therefore have less value for carbon storage projects从长远来看，由快速生长的树木组成的森林会储存更少的碳。因此，它对碳储存项目的价值就会降低。由此可知，碳存储项目应多种植生长缓慢，即生长周期较长的树木。故选C。
（4）A.标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了生长过快的树木会导致它们很快将吸收的一氧化碳重新释放到空气中去，不利于对抗气候变化，故"A.Fast-growing trees may add to climate crisis速生树木可能会加剧气候危机。"作标题最为恰当。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。气候变暖导致树木生长加快，但同时也会缩短它们的寿命，而树木死后它们吸收的二氧化碳又会重新释放到大气中。从长远来看，这不利于对抗气候变化。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】C、F、G、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据后句The art museum plays an important role in developing students' art literacy（这个美术馆在培养学生的艺术素养方面发挥着重要作用），可知表示"这里的伊春美术馆是我们应该关注的宝藏"的选项C符合前后的语境，The art museum是关键词，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据后句The events are different，such as New Year's Day special and National Day special（活动各有不同，如元旦特别活动和国庆特别活动），可知表示"它经常举办公共教育活动，特别是在节假日"的选项F符合前后的语境，The events是关键词，故选F。
（3）推理判断题。根据前句The staff go to the local schools on a regular basis to help promote art education（工作人员定期前往当地学校，帮助促进艺术教育），可知表示"这是培养艺术情感的好方法之一"的选项G符合前后的语境，promote art education是关键词，故选G。
（4）主题判断题。根据后句Many excellent volunteers are enthusiastic about the spread of art in the free time，such as guiding for art exhibitions and finding smart ways to spread art effectively（任何优秀的志愿者都热衷于在空闲时间传播艺术，例如指导艺术展览，寻找有效传播艺术的聪明方法），可知表示"美术馆吸引了来自各行各业的各个年龄段的志愿者"的选项D符合前后的语境，Many excellent volunteers是关键词，故选D。
（5）推理判断题。根据前文对这个美术馆的介绍，以及后半句welcome to join us（加入我们），可知表示"如果你对艺术感兴趣"的选项A符合前后的语境，join us是关键词，故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了伊春美术馆为培养学生艺术素养而做出的努力。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~40.【答案】A、B、C、A、C、D、B、A、B、D、D、B、B、D、B、A、C、D、C、A
【解析】（1）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.busy忙碌的；B.local当地的；C.spare空闲的；D.regular定期的。根据空后的"the restaurant was crowded"可推断出，那时餐馆里应该很繁忙，故答案为A。
（2）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.actually事实上；B.finally最后；C.usually通常；D.gradually逐渐地。根据空后的"found a table in a corner for three of us"可推断出，此处表示作者和同伴终于找到一张餐桌，故答案为B。
（3）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.kicked踢；B.touched触碰；C.hit击打；D.swept打扫。根据空前的"we heard a crash"和空后的"with all the plates he was carrying" 可知，一个清洁工男孩倒在地板上，盘子也掉在地板上了，故答案为C。
（4）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.silence沉默；B.danger危险；C.doubt怀疑；D.control控制。根据空后的"no one was saying or doing anything"并结合常识可知，发生了这样不愉快的事情，没有人出声，故答案为A。
（5）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.adventure冒险；B.fight斗争；C.experience经验，经历；D.lesson课，教训。根据下文when I was on business的描述可知，那是作者的一次经历，故答案为C。
（6）D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.fell out脱落；B.fell asleep入睡；C.fell behind落后；D.fell ill生病。根据空后的"I had a high fever"可知，当时作者生病了，故答案为D。
（7）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.friends朋友；B.strangers陌生人；C.partners搭档；D.relatives亲戚。此处要表达的意思是，作者得到了两个陌生人的帮助，故答案为B。
（8）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.pay支付；B.return归还；C.take带走；D.put放下。前面说到作者受到别人的帮助，此处表示作者认为是时候让爱传出去了，下文中的"the opportunity I paid forward" 也是提示。故答案为A。
（9）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.slowly慢慢地；B.immediately立即；C.sadly悲伤地；D.excitedly激动地。根据空前的"I ran to"可知，作者立刻跑到那个男孩的身边。故答案为B。
（10）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.select挑选；B.invent发明；C.remove去除；D.bring带来。此处表示作者叫人拿一杯热饮料，故答案为D。
（11）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.professor教授；B.teacher老师；C.actor演员；D.doctor医生。根据语境并结合常识可知，作者那时正在救人，故此处是说人们问他是不是医生（doctor），故答案为D。
（12）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.knowing知道；B.wondering想知道；C.ignoring忽视；D.arguing争论。此处表示那个男孩睁开眼睛，想知道（wondering）发生了什么事情，故答案为B。
（13）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.reminded提醒；B.comforted安慰；C.answered回答；D.encouraged鼓励。根据空后的"by saying it was OK"并结合常识可知，此处是说作者在安慰那个男孩，故答案为B。
（14）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.spotted发现；B.checked核实；C.noticed注意到；D.finished完成。根据语境可知，这里是说作者把热饮料放到男孩的嘴边，直到他喝完饮料，故答案为D。
（15）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.customer顾客；B.manager经理；C.waitress女服务员；D.parent父母。根据空后的"The manager was kind enough to（16）the payment"可知，此处是说这时经理来了。故答案为B。
（16）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.refuse拒绝；B.accept接受；C.choose选择；D.permit允许。根据空前的"I offered to pay"和"The manager was kind enough"可知，经理拒绝了作者的付款，故答案为A。
（17）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.better更好的；B.boring枯燥的；C.late晚的；D.difficult困难的。根据空后的"so we decided to go home"并结合常识可知，此处表示天色已晚，于是作者和同伴就决定回家了，故答案为C。
（18）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.prepared准备；B.required要求；C.received接受；D.ordered订购。根据空后的"not hungry any more ，feeling（19）"可知，此处表示作者和同伴并没有点餐就回家了，故答案为D。
（19）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.ready准备好的；B.angry生气的；C.grateful感激的；D.relaxed放松的。作者对这样的机会怀有感恩之情，故答案为C。
（20）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.kindness善良；B.honor荣誉；C.harm危害；D.service服务。根据上文In a flash （马上） I remembered my （5）many years ago中作者的经历可知，此处表示作者为有机会回报多年前接受的善行而心存感激，故答案为A。
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者和同伴在饭店准备用餐时，对一个昏倒的清洁工进行施救的经历。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。
41.【答案】【小题1】has been explored
【小题2】it
【小题3】called
【小题4】living
【小题5】that/which
【小题6】The
【解析】（1）考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，只有百分之五的地方被探索过。时间状语为so far，句子用现在完成时，句子主语是Only 5 percent of it，谓语动词用三单形式，且和谓语动词explore之间是被动关系，故填has been explored。
（2）考查强调句。句意：然而，正是新技术帮助科学家探索这些隐秘的世界。分析句子可知，此处为强调句，基本结构为it is/was+强调部分+that+句子其他部分。故填it。
（3）考查过去分词。句意：例如，科学家正在使用一种名为DeepSee的水下飞行器来探索海底山脉。此处为非谓语动词作定语，逻辑主语vehicle和call之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填called。
（4）考查现在分词。句意：Las Gemelas周围生活着各种各样的物种。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语species和live之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填living。
（5）考查定语从句。句意：这些物种中的一些可能含有能够帮助人们对抗疾病的化学物质。空处引导定语从句，先行词是chemicals，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词that/which引导从句。故填that/which。
（6）考查定冠词。句意：地球最深的地方是太平洋的马里亚纳海沟。最高级前用定冠词，且首字母大写，故填The。
（7）考查时态。句意：2012年，电影制作人兼探险家詹姆斯•卡梅隆驾驶一辆名为Deepsee Challenger的车到达了马里亚纳海沟。结合句意和in 2021可知，句子为一般过去时。故填reached。
（8）考查不定式。句意：他是第一个独自完成旅程的人。此处用不定式作后置定语修饰the first。故填to complete。
（9）考查可数名词的复数。句意：卡梅隆在海底拍摄了照片和视频。take photos"拍照"是固定短语。故填photos。
（10）考查动名词。句意：正如卡梅伦所说，"这是开辟新领域的开始。"位于介词of后应填动名词作宾语。故填opening。
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是世界上的大部分海洋仍然是个谜，新技术正在帮助科学家探索这些隐藏的世界。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
42.【答案】【小题1】Annabelle and Alyssa are twin ，and people can tell them apart.Annabelle successfully entered ∧famous American technology company after graduation.Because of her outstanding achievements she got it from the company，soon she was promoted to a senior management position in the company.Alyssa enjoyed movies as a child and she became a director when grew up.A decade ago，she to shoot a TV series featuring a fair and honest judge. in trouble，she asked for professional legal advice.The series scheduled for release in August this year. of them have succeeded in their respective careers，and their parents are proud of them.
详解：
1.考查可数名词复数。句意：安娜贝利和艾丽莎是孪生姐妹，人们几乎不能把她们区别开来。sister"姐妹"是可数名词，结合语境可知，此处表示姐妹两人，故应用其复数形式，故sister改为sisters。
2.考查副词。句意：安娜贝利和艾丽莎是孪生姐妹，人们几乎不能把她们区别开来。根据句意此处表示"几乎不"应用副词hardly，副词hard表示"努力地"，不符合语境，故hard改为hardly。
3.考查冠词。句意：安娜贝利毕业后成功进入美国一家著名的科技公司。company"公司"为可数名词，结合语境可知，此处为泛指，且famous的发音以辅音音素开头，故应用不定冠词a，故famous前加a。
4.考查定语从句。句意：因为她在公司取得了杰出的成就，她很快被提升为公司的高级管理职位。分析可知，she got it from the company为省略了that的定语从句，先行词为achievements，在从句中作got的宾语，it多余，故去掉it。
5.考查动名词。句意：艾莉莎小时候喜欢看电影，长大后成为了一名导演。enjoy doing sth表示"喜欢做某事"，故此处应用动名词作宾语，故see改为seeing。
6.考查代词。句意：艾莉莎小时候喜欢看电影，长大后成为了一名导演。结合语境可知，此处代指Alyssa，故应用she，故he改为she。
7.考查动词时态。句意：十年前，她决定拍摄一部以公正诚实的法官为主角的电视剧。根据时间状语a decade ago可知，句子应用一般过去时，故decides改为decided。
8.考查时间状语。句意：遇到麻烦时，她寻求专业的法律意见。结合句意可知，此处表示"当......时候"，故应用when引导时间状语从句，故Where改为When。
9.考查主谓一致。句意：该电视剧将于今年8月发行。分析可知，句子主语the series为单数含义，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故are改为is。
10.考查代词。句意：他们两人在各自的职业生涯中都取得了成功，他们的父母为他们感到骄傲。结合语境可知，此处表示安娜贝利和艾丽莎两个，故应用both，all表示"三者及三者以上都"，不符合语境，故All改为Both。
【小题2】略
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了孪生姐妹安娜贝利和艾丽莎的故事。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。
43.【答案】【小题1】Dear Jack，
How have you been？I'm glad to tell you that I have recently joined the "Low-carbon Living Club" in our school.Now let me tell you some details about the organization.（社团名称）
With the spirit of " Low-carbon living starts from me" ，we encourage our club members to wear plain clothes and donate the unneeded used ones to people who are in disaster-stricken areas.【高分句型一】We advice taking no more than what we need in the canteen and choosing natural or simply-packed food.（社团宗旨）As club members，we try to limit the use of air conditioners，use energy-saving lights and recycle used water and paper.Besides，we are expected to walk，cycle or take public transportation，which are very effective and environmentally friendly.【高分句型二】Last but not least，in our spare time，we choose to climb mountains，swim or do other outdoor sports instead of taking the entertainment that consumes a great deal of energy.（成员义务）
I am taking great delight in doing these and I am firmly convinced that if everybody can follow these，we will make world a better place.（号召）
Truly，
Li Hua
【小题2】略
【解析】高分句型一：With the spirit of " Low-carbon living starts from me" ，we encourage our club members to wear plain clothes and donate the unneeded used ones to people who are in disaster-stricken areas.
翻译：本着"低碳生活从我做起"的精神，我们鼓励俱乐部成员穿便衣，把不需要的旧衣服捐给受灾地区的人们。
分析：本句使用了who引导的定语从句。
高分句型二：Besides，we are expected to walk，cycle or take public transportation，which are very effective and environmentally friendly.
翻译：此外，我们希望步行、骑自行车或乘坐公共交通工具，这些都是非常有效和环保的。
分析：本句使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
书信类作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
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