2022-2023学年北京市东城区第二中学高二上学期第三学段英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年北京市东城区第二中学高二上学期第三学段英语试卷（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
北京二中2022—2023学年度第三学段高二年级学段考试试卷
英语选择性必修II
第一卷（共两部分，53分）
第一部分：知识运用（共一节，15分）
完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It has been difficult to sit on the bench most of the time, watching my team from the sideline. I always___1___why I am not good enough to be on the floor. After endless hours of work and devotion,___2___myself through drill after drill, the last thing I want is to be a cheerleader. The feeling of being worthless is sometimes too much and drives me to quit on the spot. I often feel as though my___3___are wasted and my time is eaten away, devoted to nothing. It is heartbreaking to be a spectator（旁观者）for the game I love, knowing that no one has enough faith to give me the chance to perform on the floor. Tears well up, but I___4___them back. I shouldn't be so upset over something so silly.
Away from the game, it's easier to put my thoughts together, rather than letting my___5___drive my reasoning. I consider why I am where I am. I have played basketball my whole life. I have a strong___6___for the sport and always have. There is nothing like the excitement of playing: the swish（飕飕声）of the net, the sweat rolling off my cheeks, even the bruises（青肿）are battle wounds worn___7___after every game.
Even if I don't play much, I participate in every game. I am part of a team of girls who___8___together like a family. I am there for them, as they are for me.
Should I move on? Or should I stay with my team and continue playing basketball with great passion just a little longer? The decision isn't difficult when I consider the joy that being a part of a team___9___me—and not just any team, but my team. I love basketball and my teammates. When I think about that, my_____10_____from the bench really isn't so bad after all.
1. A. wonder B. promise C. accept D. realize
2. A. following B. supporting C. discovering D. pushing
3. A. beliefs B. chances C. efforts D. experiences
4. A. hold B. give C. take D. call
5. A. hardships B. possessions C. feelings D. achievements
6 A. imagination B. admission C. caution D. passion
7. A. bravely B. proudly C. regretfully D. painfully
8. A. fix B. add C. argue D. stick
9. A. cheats B. brings C. urges D. controls
10. A. request B. intention C. view D. ambition
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一名篮球运动员一直坐在替补席上的心路历程，最终她想到了团队精神，觉得坐在板凳上的感觉其实并不是那么糟糕。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总是在想，为什么我还不够好，不能上场。A. wonder想知道；B. promise承诺；C. accept接受；D. realize意识到。根据“It has been difficult to sit on the bench most of the time, watching my team from the sideline.（大部分时间坐在替补席上，在边线上看着我的球队，这对我来说很困难。）”可知，作者总是在想为什么自己不能上场。故选A。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在无数个小时的工作和奉献之后，督促自己通过一次又一次的训练，我最不想做的事情就是成为一个拉拉队长。A. following跟着；B. supporting支持；C. discovering发现；D. pushing鞭策，督促。根据“After endless hours of work and devotion”可知，作者经过了长期的努力和投入，督促自己不停地训练。故选D。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我常常觉得我的努力被浪费了，我的时间被荒废了，毫无意义。A. beliefs信念；B. chances机会；C. efforts努力；D. experiences经历。根据“my time is eaten away, devoted to nothing”可知，作者觉得自己地努力都是白费的。故选C。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：眼泪涌了出来，但我忍住了。A. hold持有，握住；B. give给；C. take拿走；D. call打电话，呼唤。根据上文“Tears well up”和“but”可知，眼泪流出来了，但作者克制住了。hold back为固定短语，意为“抑制，阻止”。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：远离比赛后，我更容易理清自己的想法，而不是让我的情感驱动我的推理。A. hardships苦难；B. possessions个人财产，所有物；C. feelings感情；D. achievements成就。根据“Away from the game, it's easier to put my thoughts together”可知，远离比赛就能让作者精神集中，就不会让情感左右自己。故选C。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对这项运动有着强烈的热情，并且一直如此。A. imagination想象力；B. admission承认，允许进入；C. caution谨慎，小心；D. passion激情，酷爱。根据“I have played basketball my whole life.”可知，作者一直对篮球有热情。have a passion for为固定短语，意为“对……有热情”。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：没有什么比打球更刺激的了：球网的沙沙声，汗水从我的脸颊滚落，甚至那些伤痕都是在每场比赛后骄傲地抹去的。A. bravely勇敢地；B. proudly骄傲地；C. regretfully后悔地；D. painfully痛苦地。根据“There is nothing like the excitement of playing:”可知，作者热爱篮球，因此即使打完球之后身上有伤痕也很自豪。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是一个像家人一样团结在一起的女子团队的一员。A. fix修理，固定；B. add增加；C. argue争论；D. stick坚持，粘贴。根据上文“I am part of a team of girls”可知，作者的球队是粘在一起的一家人。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我考虑到作为球队一员带给我的快乐时，做出这个决定并不困难——不是任何球队，而是我的球队。A. cheats欺骗；B. brings带来；C. urges催促；D. controls控制。根据“when I consider the joy that being a part of a team”可知，此处表示作为团队的一员带给作者的快乐。故选B。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我想到这一点时，我坐在板凳上的想法其实并不是那么糟糕。A. request要求；B. intention意图，打算；C. view观点；D. ambition雄心，志向。根据“When I think about that”可知，经过自己的一番清理，作者的观点发生了变化。故选C。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Four Ways Your Cat Tries to Communicate with You
Cats are amazing creatures, and while they can’t talk to us, they certainly know how to communicate their needs and feelings. It’s just up to us to learn how to listen to what they are saying.
Meowing
Cats meow at their owners for several reasons, including: to ask for food, to greet people, to ask for attention, to let you know they want to go outside/come inside. In addition, elderly cats suffering from cognitive disfunction, similar to Alzheimer’s Disease (阿尔兹海默症) in humans, may meow due to becoming confused or disoriented, so we encourage you to schedule an appointment with us if your senior cat seems confused or is meowing more than usual.
Purring
While cats do purr as a sign of contentment, they also do it as a self-comforting mechanism when sick, stressed or injured. If your cat is purring but also showing signs that something may be wrong, like hiding more than usual or refusing food/water, they could be sick or in pain.
Tail Posture
If they hold their tail straight up and have relaxed fur, they’re likely to feel happy or curious. But if their fur stands on end while their tail is straight, this indicates fear or anger. Holding the tail low or hidden between the legs indicates insecurity, and a tail that’s rapidly twitching back and forth suggests anxiety.
Rubbing
When your cat rubs against your legs or gives you head butts, they are telling you that they love you. That is not the only thing they are doing, though! Cats rub their bodies and cheeks against people and objects to mark their territory and to claim humans, other cats, and various objects as their own.
11. When cats are sick or in pain, what are they likely to do?
A. Meow at their owners. B. Rub against your legs.
C. Purr and refuse food. D. Hold their tail straight up.
12. What may a cat show when it hides its tail between legs?
A. Insecurity. B. Depression. C. Curiosity. D. Happiness.
13. Who provides this text most probably?
A. A cat sitter. B. A cat owner.
C. An animal shelter. D. A pet healthcare centre.
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了和宠物猫咪交流的四种方式。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“If your cat is purring but also showing signs that something may be wrong, like hiding more than usual or refusing food/water, they could be sick or in pain.”（如果你的猫咪正在咕噜咕噜地叫，但同时也表现出可能出了问题的迹象，比如比平时藏得更多或者拒绝食物/水，它们可能生病了或者很痛苦。）可知，猫咪生病或很痛苦的时候，它们会咕噜咕噜叫或者拒绝食物。故选C。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Holding the tail low or hidden between the legs indicates insecurity, and a tail that’s rapidly twitching back and forth suggests anxiety.”（把尾巴放低或藏在两腿之间表示不安全感，尾巴快速来回抽动表示焦虑。）可知，当猫咪把尾巴藏在两腿之间，表示它们感觉到了不安全感。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“Four Ways Your Cat Tries to Communicate with You”（你的猫试图和你交流的四种方式）及第一段“Cats are amazing creatures, and while they can’t talk to us, they certainly know how to communicate their needs and feelings. It’s just up to us to learn how to listen to what they are saying.”（猫是神奇的生物，虽然它们不能和我们说话，但它们当然知道如何交流它们的需求和感受。只有我们才能学会如何倾听它们所说的话。）可知，本文主要讲述了和宠物猫咪交流的四种方式，而了解猫咪的生活特点的只有宠物保健中心的工作人员熟悉，因而文章可能是宠物保健中心的人提供的。故选D。
B
I major in Mechanical Engineering and Political Science. When someone hears what I study, I’m usually meant with two reactions. First up is a small smile with the word “overachiever” on the tip of their tongue. The second is a look of confusion, followed by an exaggerated (夸张的) “why?”. The short answer: I want to be a problem solver, and engineering teaches me how to become that type of person. In addition, I also want to be able to look at the bigger picture.
It’s the beginning of a new year, and a lot of first-years have plans for double or triple majors. However, as most of us quickly realize after that first fall semester, college is a lot! We are unavoidably forced to make choices — do we keep trying to make our double or triple majors work or do we completely switch gears? The thing I wished someone told me on day one is if you’re passionate about something, it’s not going to feel like work. Political Science can be challenging, but to me, it’s fun to read the Constitution (宪法) and see the impact each word has on our interpretation.
This may sound hard to accept, but if you are double or triple majoring because you think you’re in a race with your peers, you’re only running yourself into the ground. Don’t double or triple major if you are doing it for a mark on your resume (简历), because then your life will be a living hell for the next four years. What is going to make you impressive is the passion that you have — whether it be in your study, career, or something else your career and study will enable you to do.
Always think about your “why” when it comes to the schedule a double or triple major entails. Because at the end of the day, it’s going to be you doing the homework — so try to enjoy what you’re doing along the ride for what it’s worth.
14. How do people tend to feel about the writer’s majors?
A. Impressed or puzzled. B. Ashamed or challenged.
C. Satisfied or confused. D. Amazed or concerned.
15. What enables the writer to enjoy learning Political Science?
A. The value of studying the Constitution.
B. The influence of learning engineering.
C. His career planning for the future.
D. His enthusiasm for the major.
16. According to the author, what causes multiple majors’ hard situation in college?
A. Adjusting the schedule for majors constantly.
B. Pursuing multiple majors out of competitive motivation.
C. Making random choices without sufficient consideration.
D. Estimating the difficulty of multiple majoring inaccurately.
17. What is the author’s purpose of writing the text?
A. To promote the concept of multiple majoring.
B. To explain the reasons for choosing a double major.
C. To compare the gains and losses of multiple majoring.
D. To stress the significance of passion in multiple majoring.
【答案】14. A 15. D 16. B 17. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要讲述大学生不要盲目为了竞争而选择多个专业，一定要是因为热情和激情才去选择多个专业。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When someone hears what I study, I’m usually meant with two reactions. First up is a small smile with the word “overachiever” on the tip of their tongue. The second is a look of confusion, followed by an exaggerated (夸张的) “why?”.”(当有人听到我学习的内容时，我通常会有两种反应。首先是一个小小的微笑并且说“太有成就了”。第二种是困惑的表情，接着是夸张的“为什么？”。)可知，当人们听到作者的专业时，有的会很佩服，有的是很困惑。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Political Science can be challenging, but to me, it’s fun to read the Constitution (宪法) and see the impact each word has on our interpretation.”(政治学可能具有挑战性，但对我来说，阅读《宪法》，看看每一个字对我们的解释有什么影响是很有趣的。)和第三段“What is going to make you impressive is the passion that you have - whether it be in your study, career, or something else your career and study will enable you to do.”(让你印象深刻的是你所拥有的激情——无论是在你的学习、职业生涯中，还是在你的职业和学习将使你能够做的其他事情中。)可知，是热情和激情使得作者喜欢学习政治学。故选D。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This may sound hard to accept, but if you are double or triple majoring because you think you’re in a race with your peers, you’re only running yourself into the ground. Don’t double or triple major if you are doing it for a mark on your resume (简历), because then your life will be a living hell for the next four years.”(这听起来可能很难接受，但如果你是双主修或三主修，因为你认为你在与同龄人竞争，你只是把自己撞到地上。如果你是为了简历上的一个分数而选择双主修或三主修，那么你的生活在接下来的四年里将是一个地狱。)可知，在作者看来，选择多个专业让大学生们处在糟糕的状况的原因是，他们只是为了在跟同龄人竞争才选择多个专业的。故选B。
17题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“What is going to make you impressive is the passion that you have - whether it be in your study, career, or something else your career and study will enable you to do.”(让你印象深刻是你所拥有的激情——无论是在你的学习、职业生涯中，还是在你的职业和学习将使你能够做的其他事情中。)和最后一段“Always think about your “why” when it comes to the schedule a double or triple major entails. Because at the end of the day, it’s going to be you doing the homework - so try to enjoy what you’re doing along the ride for what it’s worth.”(当涉及到一个双主修或三主修课程的时间表时，一定要考虑你的“为什么”。因为在一天结束的时候，是你自己在做家庭作业，所以试着享受你在旅途中所做的一切，因为它是值得的。)可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是在建议人们要带着激情去选择专业，强调激情在多专业中的重要性。故选D。
C
Have you ever walked through a door and thought to yourself, “What was I going to do?” If you have, you are not alone. Psychologists believe that walking through a door and entering another room creates a “mental block” in the brain. This is generally referred to as the doorway effect.
In the early years of brain research, scientists thought that human memory was like a closet, with many sections in which we could store little boxes of experiences from our lives. Boxes would remain there forever, and whenever we had to look into them, we could just go to that particular section and find that box of memory.
Beautiful as this description of human memory formation sounds, it is not true. Our brain is much more complex than that. Psychological studies suggest that our memories are episodic(情节性的)in general. If you think back on anything, you’ll probably quickly realize our memories don’t function as clear narratives. Instead, they’re more episodic and divided into parts.
A new research led by psychologist Oliver Baumann from Bond University in Australia suggests that it’s not so much the doorways that cause a memory wipe, as moving from one location to a significantly different one—it’s the abrupt change of scene that prepares our minds for something new. “A good example is moving around in a department store,” says Baumann, “Taking the elevator between floors may have no effect on our memory, but moving from the store to the parking lot might cause us to forget something that we need to buy.”
Baumann also points out that a busy and perhaps overloaded brain does seem to play some part in this phenomenon. In other words, walking through open doors is thought to reset memory to make room for a new episode.
The good news is that experiencing such forgettable episodes after entering another room does not tell you anything about your memory and intelligence. So when you enter a room and suddenly forget why you are there, you should not think that Alzheimer’s disease is creeping up on you!
18. Which of the following would most probably be “doorway effect”?
A. You missed a call and forgot to ring back.
B. You read a book and forget what it is about.
C. You entered the office and forgot what to get.
D. You saw a man years ago and forget who he is now.
19. What can we learn from the passage?
A. All memories are linked in the brain.
B. Memories are clearly separated in the brain.
C. Not all the memories can be found in the brain.
D. Memories are stored in particular sections of the brain.
20. What can we infer from Baumann’s research?
A. Taking an elevator stimulates new memory.
B. Walking through open doors results in memory loss.
C. A sudden change of the scene boosts intelligence development.
D. An overloaded brain increases the possibility of doorway effect.
21. What does the author think of “doorway effect”?
A. Insignificant. B. Beneficial.
C. Influential. D. Damaging.
【答案】18. C 19. C 20. D 21. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了门口效应（doorway effect）以及其产生的原因。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Have you ever walked through a door and thought to yourself, ‘What was I going to do?’ If you have, you are not alone. Psychologists believe that walking through a door and entering another room creates a ‘mental block’ in the brain. This is generally referred to as the doorway effect.(你有没有穿过一扇门，心中在想：‘我是要去干什么？’如果你有，你并不孤单。心理学家认为，穿过一扇门进入另一个房间会在大脑中造成‘精神障碍’。这通常被称为门口效应)”可知，进入一个房间忘记自己要做的事情被称作门口效应。故选C。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“In the early years of brain research, scientists thought that human memory was like a closet, with many sections in which we could store little boxes of experiences from our lives. Boxes would remain there forever, and whenever we had to look into them, we could just go to that particular section and find that box of memory.(在早期的大脑研究中，科学家们认为人类的记忆就像一个壁橱，有很多区域，我们可以在其中存储我们生活中的经历。盒子会永远留在那里，每当我们需要查看它们的时候，我们就可以去那个特定的区域，找到那个记忆盒子)”以及第三段中的“Beautiful as this description of human memory formation sounds, it is not true. Our brain is much more complex than that. Psychological studies suggest that our memories are episodic(情节性的)in general. If you think back on anything, you’ll probably quickly realize our memories don’t function as clear narratives. Instead, they’re more episodic and divided into parts.(这个关于人类记忆形成的描述听起来很美，但它是不真实的。我们的大脑比这复杂的多。心理学研究表明，我们的记忆通常是情节性的。如果你回想什么事情，你可能很快就会意识到我们的记忆并不是清晰的叙事。相反，它们更有情节性，被分成了多个部分)”可知，并不是所有的记忆都是可以在大脑中找到的。故选C。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Baumann also points out that a busy and perhaps overloaded brain does seem to play some part in this phenomenon.( Baumann还指出，一个忙碌且可能超负荷的大脑似乎确实在这种现象中发挥了一些作用)”可知，超负荷的大脑会增加门口效应的可能性。故选D。
【21题详解】
推理判断题，根据最后一段“The good news is that experiencing such forgettable episodes after entering another room does not tell you anything about your memory and intelligence. So when you enter a room and suddenly forget why you are there, you should not think that Alzheimer’s disease is creeping up on you!(好消息是，在进入另一个房间后经历这种遗忘的插曲不会告诉你任何关于你的记忆力和智力的事情。所以，当你走进一个房间，突然忘记了自己为什么在那里时，你不应该认为阿尔茨海默病正在悄悄靠近你！)”可知出现门口效应并不表示记忆力或智力出现问题，没有什么影响。故选A。
D
What are pillows really stuffed with? Not physically, but symbolically? The question occurred to me with the photos in the news and social media from the 50 cities around the world that staged public celebrations for International Pillow Fight Day. Armed with nothing more than bring-our-own sacrificial cushions, strangers struck heavily each other in playful feather from Amsterdam to Atlanta, Warsaw to Washington DC. But why? Is there anything more to this delightful celebration?
As a cultural sign, the pillow is deceptively soft. Since at least the 16th Century, the humble pillow has been given unexpected meanings. The Chinese playwright Tang Xianzu tells a famous story about a wise man who meets a depressed young scholar at an inn and offers him a magic pillow filled with the most vivid dreams of a seemingly more fulfilling life. When the young man awakens to discover that his happy 50-year dream has in fact come and gone in the short space of an afternoon’s nap, our impression of the pillow’s power shifts from wonder to terror.
Subsequent writers have likewise seized upon the pillow. When the 19th-Century English novelist Charlotte Bronte poetically observed “a ruffled (不平的) mind makes a restless pillow”, she didn’t just change the expected order of the adjectives and nouns, but instead she made unclear the boundaries between mind and matter — the thing resting and the thing rested upon.
It’s a trick perhaps Bronte learned from the Renaissance philosopher Montaigne, who once insisted that “ignorance is the softest pillow on which a man can rest his head”. On Montaigne’s thinking, intelligence and happiness confront each other forever in a pillow fight that only one can win.
With the words of Tang. Bronte and Montaigne, we can perhaps more easily measure the attraction of the global pillow fight. Like a ritual of release, the annual international pillow fight amounts to a kind of cleansing, a brushing off of daily worries: an emptying of the world’s collective mind. Rather than a launch-pad for weightless rest, the pillow is a symbol of heavy thought: an anchor that drags the world’s soul down — one that must be lightened.
22. The example of Tang Xianzu is used to illustrate that ________.
A. pillows symbolically convey the meaning in contrast to their soft appearance
B. people’s impression of pillows changes from wonder to terror
C. dreams are always wonderful while the real world is cruel
D. pillows give people satisfactory dreams
23. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 “ignorance is the softest pillow on which a man can rest his head” most probably means ________.
A. pillows give us comfort
B. pillows make people more intelligent
C. people can easily fall asleep when they know nothing
D. people with too many thoughts have less inner peace
24. According to the author why is Pillow Fight Day so popular around the world?
A. Because it contains a profound meaning of life.
B. Because it comforts restless minds.
C. Because it makes life delightful.
D. Because it is a ritual release.
【答案】22. A 23. C 24. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了国际枕头大战的意义和它受欢迎的原因。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“As a cultural sign, the pillow is deceptively soft. Since at least the 16th Century, the humble pillow has been given unexpected meanings. The Chinese playwright Tang Xianzu tells a famous story about a wise man who meets a depressed young scholar at an inn and offers him a magic pillow filled with the most vivid dreams of a seemingly more fulfilling life. When the young man awakens to discover that his happy 50-year dream has in fact come and gone in the short space of an afternoon’s nap, our impression of the pillow’s power shifts from wonder to terror.(作为一种文化标志，枕头看起来很柔软。至少从16世纪开始，不起眼的枕头就被赋予了意想不到的意义。中国剧作家汤显祖讲了一个著名的故事：一位智者在客栈里遇到一位抑郁的年轻书生，并送给他一个神奇的枕头，枕头里装满了看似更加充实的生活的最生动的梦想。当这个年轻人醒来，发现他50年的幸福梦想实际上在一个下午的小睡中来了又去时，我们对枕头力量的印象从惊讶变成了恐惧)”可知，汤显祖的故事中枕头虽轻，但却让抑郁的书生明白了生活的意义。因此推知，汤显祖的例子是为了说明枕头象看似柔软但却意义重大。故选A项。
【23题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线句子“ignorance is the softest pillow on which a man can rest his head(无知是最柔软的枕头，一个人可以在上面休息)”中关键词ignorance可知，划线部分的含义指的是“什么都不想的人很容易入睡”。故选C项。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的句子“Like a ritual of release, the annual international pillow fight amounts to a kind of cleansing, a brushing off of daily worries: an emptying of the world’s collective mind.(一年一度的国际枕头大战就像一种释放的仪式，相当于一种净化，是对日常烦恼的掸除：是对世界集体思想的清空)”可知，枕头大战日在全世界都很受欢迎因为它能安抚不安的心灵。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym, known as a fed workout. Others would like to wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies, called a fasted workout.___25___ Many experts say there’s no easy answer because it depends on the person.
If you want energy and strength for an ideal workout, you need fuel. A fed workout will provide your body with power. Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights. ___26___ Muscle preservation is also an essential component of strengthening your body. Nitrogen (氮) is critical for processing protein that builds healthy muscles. People tend to lose less nitrogen during a fed workout than a fasted one.
Many fitness enthusiasts are not on board with this idea. They report feeling sick and inactive while trying to exercise after eating. With a fasted workout, you may not get the usual indigestion. Experts for fasted workouts further claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy, meaning you will burn more fat. ___27___ It can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose (葡萄糖) levels, and you may feel dizzy. You may even be more likely to overeat.
___28___ Not all foods are created equal. For example, if you choose a fed workout, you’ll probably lose a lot of water during an intense training, so you should consider drinking some beforehand. With a fasted workout, it would help if you had some nutrition right after your session is complete. Drink some water. Then, have a light meal or nutritional snack.
Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice. Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings. ___29___
A. However, a fasted workout might not work for you.
B. How your body will respond is based on your workout intensity.
C. These benefits can result in burning more fat and shaping a slimmer body.
D. To eat or not to eat, that is the question on many fitness enthusiasts’ minds.
E. Think thoroughly and discuss with your fitness instructor before taking a choice.
F. Knowing what to eat for an ideal workout is just as important as knowing when to eat.
G. A person doing a 30-minute session a day may not have a problem with fasted workouts.
【答案】25. D 26. C 27. A 28. F 29. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了进食锻炼和快速锻炼的优缺点，告诉人们在做出选择之前，彻底地考虑并与自己的健身教练讨论。
【25题详解】
根据上文“Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym, known as a fed workout. Others would like to wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies, called a fasted workout.(有些人喜欢在去健身房之前先吃点东西，这被称为“进食锻炼”(fed workout)。另一些人则喜欢等到运动结束后再给身体补充能量，这被称为快速锻炼。)”和下文“Many experts say there’s no easy answer because it depends on the person.(许多专家说这个问题没有简单的答案，因为这取决于个人。)”可知，空处提出关于“锻炼前吃或者不吃这个问题”。D项中地“the question”和下文的“answer”对应。D项：To eat or not to eat, that is the question on many fitness enthusiasts’ minds.( 吃还是不吃，这是许多健身爱好者心中的问题。)符合语境。故选D。
【26题详解】
根据上文“Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights.(运动前吃点东西可以帮助你坚持更长时间，举起更重的重量。)”可知，此处说明了运动前吃东西的好处，与C项的“These benefits”对应。C项：These benefits can result in burning more fat and shaping a slimmer body.(这些好处可以燃烧更多的脂肪，塑造更苗条的身材。)符合语境。故选C。
【27题详解】
根据上文“Experts for fasted workouts further claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy, meaning you will burn more fat. (研究快速运动的专家进一步声称，在快速运动之后吃东西会让你的身体把储存的脂肪用作能量，这意味着你会燃烧更多的脂肪。)”和下文“It can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose levels, and you may feel dizzy. (它会导致你的血糖水平突然下降，你可能会感到头晕。)”可知，上文提到快速运动的好处，下文提到快速运动的危害，上下文之间形成转折关系。A项：However, a fasted workout might not work for you.(然而，快速锻炼可能并不适合你。)符合语境。故选A。
【28题详解】
根据下文“Not all foods are created equal. (并不是所有的食物都生而一样。)”可知，空处提到锻炼应该吃什么很重要。F项：Knowing what to eat for an ideal workout is just as important as knowing when to eat. (知道理想的锻炼应该吃什么和知道什么时候吃一样重要。)符合语境。故选F。
【29题详解】
根据上文“Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice. Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings.(决定何时进食进行理想的锻炼是个人的选择。快速锻炼和进食锻炼都有各自的优点和缺点。)”可知，本段讨论的是如何做出决定的问题，E项中的“before taking a choice.”与主旨对应。E项：Think thoroughly and discuss with your fitness instructor before taking a choice.(在做出选择之前，彻底地考虑并与你的健身教练讨论。)符合语境。故选E。
第二卷（共三部分，57分）
第一部分：词汇知识（共10小题；每题1分，共10分）
根据句意、中文提示和单词首字母，写出单词的正确形式，并将完整的单词答案书写在答题纸的相应位置上。
30. An oak tree c___________(投射) its shadow over a tiny round pool, which fascinated me a lot.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】cast##ast
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：一棵橡树的影子投射在一个小小的圆形水池上，这让我非常着迷。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，动词cast符合题意，作主句的谓语动词，根据从句谓语动词fascinated判断为一般过去时。故填cast。
31. Bull markets occur when investors are o___________(乐观), buying increases and stock prices rise. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】optimistic##ptimistic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当投资者乐观，买入增加，股票价格上涨时，牛市出现。根据汉语和首字母提示可知，optimistic乐观的，形容词作表语，符合题意。故填optimistic。
32. He was unaware of just how much food and drink he c___________(消耗). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】consumed##onsumed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他不知道自己到底吃了多少，喝了多少。根据汉语提示和首字母可知，consume消耗，动词作谓语，符合题意；由空前was可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时。故填consumed。
33. He has always been a___________(野心勃勃) and fiercely competitive. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】ambitious##mbitious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他一直雄心勃勃，好胜心很强。根据汉语和首字母提示可知，ambitious野心勃勃的，形容词作表语，符合题意。故填ambitious。
34. If you s___________(订阅) to this newspaper, you’ll get an extra magazine. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】subscribe##ubscribe
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：如果你订阅这份报纸，你将额外得到一本杂志。根据汉语提示和首字母可知，subscribe to…订阅……，动词短语，符合题意；本句表达的是对将来可能性的预测，由主句谓语动词的时态“you’ll get ”可知，本句从句的谓语动词应使用一般现在时态，即“主将从现”，主语是第二人称you，所以空处动词需用原形。故填subscribe。
35. Still, the results are c___________(一致) with the evidence. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】consistent##onsistent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：不过，结果与证据是一致的。根据汉语提示和首字母可知，consistent一致的，形容词作表语，符合题意；be consistent with…与……一致，固定短语。故填consistent。
36. The most f___________(基本) principle of all international contracts is the applicable laws and regulations. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】fundamental##undamental
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：所有国际合同的最基本原则是适用的法律法规。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，形容词fundamental“基本的”符合题意，作定语，修饰名词principle。故填fundamental。
37. The s___________(数据) offer further support for our theory. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】statistics##tatistics
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这些数据为我们的预测提供了进一步的支持。根据汉语和首字母提示可知，statistic数据，名词作主语，符合题意；由谓语动词offer可知，空处名词需用复数。故填statistics。
38. We encourage students to p___________(参与) fully in the running of the college. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】participate##articipate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我们鼓励学生充分参与学院的运作。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，动词participate符合题意，participate in“参与”，此处用动词原形和上文to构成不定式作宾补。故填participate。
39. We are faced with two apparently c___________(相互矛盾) statements. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】contradictory##ontradictory
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们面临着两种明显相互冲突的说法。根据所给出的汉语并结合首字母提示可推知，应是形容词“contradictory”，意为“相互矛盾”，作之后名词“statements”的定语。故填contradictory。
第二部分：语法知识（共10小题；每题1.5分，共15分）
（A）
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Roald Amundsen, ____40____(bear) in 1872 near Oslo, Norway, left his mark on the Heroic Era as one of the most successful polar explorers in the world. He became the first to travel through the Northwest Passage, in his ship Gjoa in 1903-1906. After this journey, plans ____41____(make) to reach the North Pole, but news of Peary’s success in reaching the pole arrived, ____42____caused Amundsen to make new plans for a journey to the Antarctic and the South Pole. On December 14, 1911, Amundsen and four others ____43____(stand) at the South Pole, a month before Robert Scott.
【答案】40. born
41. was made
42. which 43. stood
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了极地探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森的故事。他是第一个穿越西北航道的人。阿蒙森和其他四人比罗伯特·斯科特早一个月站在南极点，也成为全球到达南极极点的第一人，他的一生充满了传奇。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：罗尔德·阿蒙森于1872年出生于挪威奥斯陆附近，作为世界上最成功的极地探险家之一，他在英雄时代留下了自己的印记。分析可知，“left”为句子的谓语动词，因此所填动词作非谓语作后置定语，动词“bear”与主语之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填born。
【41题详解】
考查时态和被动。句意：在这次旅行之后，人们制定了到达北极的计划，但皮尔里成功到达北极的消息传来，这使得阿蒙森制定了前往南极洲和南极点的新计划。分析可知，所填动词在句子中“After this journey, plans ____2____ (make) to reach the North Pole”作谓语动词，且与主语之间为被动关系，结合前后文语境，用一般过去时被动“was done”结构。故填was made。
【42题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在这次旅行之后，人们制定了到达北极的计划，但皮尔里成功到达北极的消息传来，这使得阿蒙森制定了前往南极洲和南极点的新计划。分析可知，“____3____ caused Amundsen to make new plans for a journey to the Antarctic and the South Pole”为之前主句“but news of Peary’s success in reaching the pole arrived”的非限制性定语从句，先行词（句）在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查时态。句意：1911年12月14日，阿蒙森和其他四人比罗伯特·斯科特早一个月站在南极点。分析可知，所填动词作句子的谓语动词，结合时间状语“On December 14, 1911”可知，用一般过去时。故填stood。
（B）
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Nowadays, many people have more than one job, or a slash career. For people encouraging slash careers, secondary jobs will become ____44____ (enjoy) if they can include interests the primary job doesn’t touch. On the other hand, a slash career can be dangerous for work-life balance. ____45____ (work) more than one job can fill up all of your time. One might give up necessary things like relaxation, exercise or time with one’s family. People with slash careers need to think carefully about ____46____ they use their time.
【答案】44. enjoyable
45. Working
46. how
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们对从事兼职工作的不同看法。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：对于那些鼓励兼职的人来说，如果副业能包含主要工作不涉及的兴趣，副业就会变得很有趣。此处作表语，应用形容词enjoyable“愉快的，使人快乐的”。故填enjoyable。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：做一份以上的工作可能填满你的所有时间。此处作主语，应用动词名词。故填Working。
【46题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：从事兼职职业的人需要仔细考虑如何利用时间。此处引导宾语从句，从句主干成分完整，结合句意可知，应用how“如何”引导。故填how。
（C）
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help to keep people healthy, happy and help them to live longer. Sports change ____47____ the season. People play different games in winter and summer. Games and sports often grow out of people’s work and everyday ____48____ (activity). The Arabs use horses or camels in much of their everyday life; they use them in their sports, too. Some sports are so interesting ____49____ people everywhere go in for them. Football, for example, has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers.
【答案】47. with
48. activities
49. that
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了全世界的人都喜欢运动。
【47题详解】
考查介词。句意：体育运动随着季节的变化而变化。结合空后一句“People play different games in winter and summer. (人们在冬天和夏天玩不同的游戏。)”可知，空处需用介词with“随着”，表示“体育运动随着季节的变化而变化。”。故填with。
【48题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：游戏和体育运动往往产生于人们的工作和日常活动。名词activity为可数名词，日常活动有多种多样，所以用复数形式。故填activities。
【49题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：有些运动很有趣，各地的人都喜欢。由空前“so interesting ”可知，空处需用that；so…that…“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填that。
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第50-51题每小题2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，满分12分）
阅读表达
Until quarantine (隔离期) ends, we are left picturing what physical effort we might make: working out at the gym, playing on a competitive sports team, swimming, biking, or rock climbing. However, we don’t often think of martial arts as a possible activity; instead, we rule it out because we think it’s dangerous, uncommon, and even, impossible. Martial arts isn’t considered a sport, right?
Well, here’s some good news: you're wrong! Martial arts is much more common than people think, and you can start learning at any age. Practicing martial arts is a great way to keep in shape (both physically and mentally). And it’s much less scary and much less difficult than it’s usually portrayed as in movies, so worry not, you don’t need to be the karate kid to have a blast! Let’s look at what you can usually expect from martial arts of any style.
Good martial arts generally requires you to focus on the position and movement of every one of your limbs, sometimes even your breathing too. Think about it: when you leave the gym, your mental state has improved and you are much calmer. This is because you’ve only paid attention to one activity. It is a great way to clear your head, and practice can help you learn to stay more focused in general (say, when you start your schoolwork afterwards).
Long series of choreographed (编排好的) moves (including when to breath in and out) called forms are often described as “moving meditation (冥想)” ; they’re meditative in the same way doing repeated moves is, but much more so. Martial arts practice can be as slow or as intense as you want, but it’s always extremely engaging.
Martial arts also improves your coordination, and greatly improves your posture. I have personally seen students go from slouching and knocking things over to walking tall with their shoulders back in just a couple of months.
There are many styles and countless subtypes and mix-ups of martial arts. Whichever one appeals to you, know that all of them are good choices, competitive or not.
50. Why isn’t martial arts considered a sport by some people?
51. What should people focus their attention on when doing martial arts?
52. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Martial arts practice is beneficial because it can not only make us more facially attractive but also help improve our mental state.
53. a) Which type of sport do you prefer, slow sports like yoga, or competitive sports like basketball? Explain why. (about 40 words)
b)Give an example of another Chinese traditional sport and introduce its advantages. (about 40 words)
【答案】50. Because some people think it is dangerous, uncommon and even impossible.
51. Focus on the position and movement of every one of your limbs, sometimes even your breathing too.
52. 在not only make us more facially attractive下边划线。
Because the article only mentioned that the exercise can improve the physical fitness, mental state, did not mention that it can improve people's attractiveness.
53. I prefer more competitive activities, such as basketball, because these sports can make me lose weight and gain muscle, and make my body healthier. I can also make some friends who have the same interest in these sports, and relieve the anxiety of study.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了武术这种体育运动及其好处。
【50题详解】
考查细节理解。由第一段中的“However, we don’t often think of martial arts as a possible activity; instead, we rule it out because we think it’s dangerous, uncommon, and even, impossible. (然而，我们并不经常认为武术是一种可能的活动；相反，我们排除它，因为我们认为它是危险的，不寻常的，甚至是不可能的。)”可知，有些人不认为武术是一项运动，是因为人们认为武术是危险的，不寻常的，甚至是不可能的。故答案为Because some people think it is dangerous, uncommon and even impossible.。
【51题详解】
考查细节理解。由第三段中的“Good martial arts generally requires you to focus on the position and movement of every one of your limbs, sometimes even your breathing too. (好的武术通常需要你专注于你每一个肢体的位置和动作，有时甚至你的呼吸也需要。)”可知，人们在习武时应该把注意力集中在自己的每一个肢体的位置和动作，有时甚至是呼吸上。故答案为Focus on the position and movement of every one of your limbs, sometimes even your breathing too.。
【52题详解】
考查细节理解。由第二段中的“Practicing martial arts is a great way to keep in shape (both physically and mentally). (练武是保持身体和精神状态的好方法。)”，第三段中的“It is a great way to clear your head, and practice can help you learn to stay more focused in general (say, when you start your schoolwork afterwards). (这是一个让你头脑清醒的好方法，练习可以帮助你学会更集中注意力（比如说，当你以后开始学习的时候）。)”和倒数第二段中的“Martial arts also improves your coordination, and greatly improves your posture. (武术也能提高你的协调能力，大大改善你的姿势。)”可知，练习武术是有益的，它有助于使人集中注意力，改善精神状态，提高协调能力和姿势，并未提及“让我们更有吸引力”，因此在not only make us more facially attractive下面划线。故答案为在not only make us more facially attractive下边划线。
Because the article only mentioned that the exercise can improve the physical fitness, mental state coordination and posture, did not mention that it can improve people's attractiveness.
【53题详解】
考查开放答题。选择问题(a)回答，结合自身实际，言之有理即可。故答案为I prefer more competitive activities, such as basketball, because these sports can make me lose weight and gain muscle, and make my body healthier. I can also make some friends who have the same interest in these sports, and relieve the anxiety of study.。
第二节（满分20分）
54. 假设你是红星中学高三（1）班学生李华，你的美国笔友Jim在邮件中提到他作为交换生要来中国学习，他将住在中国接待家庭，他询问住在中国家庭会是否会有文化差异。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：
1. 表示祝贺；
2. 说明可能会遇到的文化差异；
3. 提出建议。
注意：1．词数不少于50；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m happy to know that you will come to China to study and stay with a host family. Congratulations! It will be a great chance to learn Chinese culture.
However. I would like to remind you that some cultural shocks do exist. Take greeting people for example, when you first meet someone in your country, you might hug and kiss him or her. But in China it is not a common practice. I think the best way of greeting is to shake hands. Shaking hands is a friendly greeting in Chinese situation.
If you are unsure what to do, it is wise to remember the saying “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” and you’ll be quite well accepted by Chinese.
Hope you have a pleasant stay in China.
Best wishes,
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这篇书面表达是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】假设你是红星中学高三（1）班学生李华，你美国笔友Jim在邮件中提到他作为交换生要来中国学习，他将住在中国接待家庭，他询问住在中国家庭会是否会有文化差异。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：1. 表示祝贺；2. 说明可能会遇到的文化差异；3. 提出建议。
通过审题，可知应该以第一人称为主，一般现在时和一般将来时进行写作。考生要先想好写哪几点，运用合适的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出来。描述要尽量选择简洁的语言，难点在于选择词汇和句型，可以灵活运用高级词汇和固定短语准确表述。还要用适当的连接词把句子连接起来，这样文章显得更连贯。
【点睛】这篇书面表达的关键在于句子内容的准确表述，同时注意谋篇布局的顺序，运用合适的连接词连接全文，同时选择高级的词汇和语法项目让文章更有文采。I’m happy to know that you will come to China to study and stay with a host family.宾语从句的运用；If you are unsure what to do, it is wise to remember the saying “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” and you’ll be quite well accepted by Chinese.条件状语从句的运用。