2022-2023学年福建省福州市第四中学高二上学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版）

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福州四中2022—2023学年高二上学期期末
英语统一练习
(满分150分，练习时间120分钟)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman say about the dress?
A. It’s out of date. B. It’s cheap. C. It’s beautiful.
2. Who is the woman probably talking to?
A. Her friend. B. Her coach. C. Her brother.
3. What does the woman plan to do?
A. Handle her work. B. Go home. C. Pick up Mark.
4.When will the speakers see the film?
A. At 6:30 p.m. B. At 7:00 p.m. C. At 8:00 p.m.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The man’s sister. B. A pet. C. An accident.
第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What do we know about Jane?
A. She lost her umbrella. B. She can’t go to the party. C. She is fine now.
7. How did Jane go home last night?
A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. On foot.
听下面一段对话，回答第8到第10题。
8. In which country did the man attend university?
A. Canada. B. Australia. C. America.
9. Where does the man’s mother probably work?
A. At an engineering firm. B. In a hospital. C. At a university.
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Co-workers. C. Schoolmates.
听下面一段对话，回答第11到第13题。
11. Where does the conversation take place?
A. On the phone. B. In the man’s house. C. In the company.
12. How much will the woman pay for the rent per month?
A. $650. B. $700. C. $750.
13. For what does the woman have to pay herself?
A. The TV. B. The furniture. C. The water and electricity.
听下面一段对话，回答第14到第16题。
14. What is Linda going to do this afternoon?
A. Go to the dentist. B. Date with the man. C. Go to the supermarket.
15. What day is it today?
A. Monday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
16. What does Linda ask the man to do?
A. Have his teeth examined. B. Brush his teeth twice a day. C. Eat less dessert.
听下面一段独白，回答17到20题。
17. Who is probably the speaker?
A. A reporter. B. A teacher. C. A writer.
18. What did the coachman do outside the theater?
A. He read a book. B. He looked after the horse. C. He enjoyed the snow.
19. How did the young lady feel about the coachman’s situation?
A. Sad. B. Moved. C. Casual.
20. What does the speaker want to tell us?
A. Help those around us as much as we can.
C. Be grateful for what we have.
B. Read as many books as we can.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
When you are about to go to a boarding school in England, there are many different questions that may come to mind. But once you look at them with some perspective, you will certainly feel easy. Here is a normal boarding day.
Early Morning:
Usually boarders get up around 7: 00 am and have around an hour to take a shower and put on their uniform before breakfast
Lessons:
Classes start at 9: 00 am and every lesson lasts for 50 minutes. After two lessons, at 10: 40 am, you’ll have a short break. The next period of classes will include two more lessons.
Lunch:
Lunch is usually held around 12: 30 pm at the dining hall, where you’ll join your friends to enjoy a hot dish. After an hour of lunch, you’ll have three or four more lessons to attend.
Dinner:
At 5: 00 pm you will have finished your school lessons for the day. Most boarding schools in the UK offer their full boarders different kinds of hot meals to choose from.
Activities/ Sports:
All boarding schools in the UK provide many different kinds of activities for their boarders, such as football, swimming, golf or art.
Prep:
An important part of boarding school life is the supervised homework session known as “prep”. Although prep might sound stressful, it’s a great way for you to keep up with your studies.
Free time:
Once you are done with all your classes and activities it’s time to relax.
Bedtime:
In most boarding schools, the lights go out around 10: 30 pm.
Being nervous just before you go to a boarding school is completely normal and understandable. Hopefully, being aware of the usual routine you’ll be following can help you. Once you are there, you will also see how exciting life in a boarding school in England can be.
1. What do we know about boarding schools in England from the text?
A. Classes usually start at 8: 30 am.
B. They don’t give students any free time.
C. They turn off the lights around 10:30 pm.
D. Students can have a short break after four lessons.
2. What can help you keep up with your studies in the boarding school?
A. Doing activities. B. Having lessons.
C. Enjoying free time. D. Supervised homework sessions.
3. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To help students know about boarders’ life.
B. To attract more students to boarding schools.
C. To introduce a new school life.
D. To advertise for boarding schools.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍在英国寄宿学校里学习和生活的日常。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Bedtime部分“In most boarding schools, the lights go out around 10: 30 pm.”(在大多数寄宿学校，晚上10:30左右熄灯。)可知，在英国，大多数寄宿学校晚上10:30左右熄灯。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Prep部分“An important part of boarding school life is the supervised homework session known as “prep”. Although prep might sound stressful, it’s a great way for you to keep up with your studies.”(寄宿学校生活的一个重要部分是被称为“准备”的有监督的家庭作业。虽然备考可能听起来很有压力，但这是你跟上学习进度的好方法。)可知，在寄宿学校，要想跟上学习进度，最重要部分是被称为“准备”的有监督的家庭作业。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When you are about to go to a boarding school in England, there are many different questions that may come to mind. But once you look at them with some perspective, you will certainly feel easy. Here is a normal boarding day.”(当你要去英国的寄宿学校时，可能会想到很多不同的问题。但一旦你从某种角度看待它们，你肯定会感到轻松。接下来是寄宿学校正常的一天。)可知，这篇文章的目的是帮助读者了解英国寄宿学校里学习和生活的日常。故选A。
B
China is fondly remembering one of its most famous radio voices, a man whose vivid storytelling was a comfort to millions of people, from commuters stuck in traffic to restless teens struggling to sleep. Shan Tianfang, was a leading performer of the traditional Chinese art form pingshu, which translates as “storytelling”.
Pingshu dates from the Song Dynasty (AD960-1279) when performers would entertain villagers by telling stories in a particularly emotive style. It remains particularly popular in north-eastern China. Performers wear traditional dress and use very basic props — often a folded fan and a gavel. Pingshu is sometimes performed in tea houses and small theatres, but many Chinese associate the art form with radio. And in a country where sleeping problems are commonplace, pingshu is still popular as a way of helping people to wind down at bedtime.
Shan Tianfang was born in 1934 in Yingkou, in north-eastern Liaoning province. His family introduced him to folk arts from a young age and he began learning pingshu when he was 19. He became known in Liaoning for his work on stage and in local teahouses during the 1950s and 1960s, and performed in an art troupe around the region. From 1966-1976, Shan, along with other pingshu performers like Yuan Kuocheng, was forced to stop work. During the 1980s.Shan made the transition (转型) to state-run radio, and his captivating storytelling became comfort listening for people across the country. By the 1990s, Shan had become a well-known face on state TV, even performing in the annual Spring Festival Gala show. He has died aged 84 following a long illness.
Shan performed over 12,000 stories on TV and radio. His stories attracted people of all ages. One of his most acclaimed performances is of the Heroes in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. He gave countless performances of the “Four Classic Novels” (Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Journey to the West, Dream of the Red Chamber and Water Margin) and also helped to bring lesser-known classical Chinese literature to new audiences.
He was able to use the medium to entrance his audience and in the process he helped to popularise classical Chinese literature. As film director Zhang Jizhong told the Global Times newspaper: “He could describe a scene and a character extremely vividly. He once had a long talk with me about adapting the heroic stories he told into films or television shows to help promote Chinese classics and traditional culture.”
But in his later years, the growth of online and digital media exposed the challenges of keeping his art form alive. Shan turned his efforts towards writing books and opening performance schools to teach pingshu to young people. They included the Shan Tianfang Culture and Media Academy in Beijing, a Shan Tianfang teahouse and “storytelling base” in Anshan in Liaoning province. Meanwhile, modern productions of pingshu reference (引用，参照) contemporary (现代的) culture to draw in new performers and audiences. Performers like Guo Heming have emerged, putting a modern spin on pingshu by adapting popular works, including the Harry Potter stories.
Although he wasn’t particularly active on social media, he amassed more than one million fans on the Sina Weibo platform.
A memorial was held for him on 15 September but millions of Chinese will miss his voice.
4. From the first paragraph, we know that .
A. Shan Tianfang has a sound voice
B. Shan Tianfang is famous for storytelling on the radio
C. Shan Tianfang often helps the people who got caught in traffic
D. Shan Tianfang gives medicine to teenagers who have trouble sleeping
5. The third paragraph is developed .
A. in order of place B. by giving examples
C in order of time D. by making comparisons
6. Besides the performance of the Heroes in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Shan .
A. brought the “Four Classic Novels” to new audiences
B. was particularly active on the Sina Weibo platform
C. founded the Shan Tianfang Culture and Media Academay in his home town
D. adapted the Harry Potter stories
7. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The growth of online and digital media helps pingshu develop quickly.
B. Yuan Kuocheng, Zhang Jizhong and Guo Heming are pingshu performers.
C. Shan has passed away, and so have his voice and his works
D. Shan made great contributions to spreading Chinese culture
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为记叙文，文章主要讲述了讲故事的人单田芳的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“China is fondly remembering one of its most famous radio voices, a man whose vivid storytelling was a comfort to millions of people, from commuters stuck in traffic to restless teens struggling to sleep. Shan Tianfang, was a leading performer of the traditional Chinese art form pingshu, which translates as “storytelling”.(中国正在怀念自己最著名的广播声音之一，他生动的故事给数百万人带来了安慰，从交通堵塞的通勤者到难以入睡的青少年。单田芳是中国传统艺术评书的领军人物，评书被翻译为“讲故事”)”可知，单田芳以在电台讲故事而闻名。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Shan Tianfang was born in 1934 in Yingkou, in north-eastern Liaoning province. His family introduced him to folk arts from a young age and he began learning pingshu when he was 19. He became known in Liaoning for his work on stage and in local teahouses during the 1950s and 1960s, and performed in an art troupe around the region. From 1966-1976, Shan, along with other pingshu performers like Yuan Kuocheng, was forced to stop work. During the 1980s.Shan made the transition (转型) to state-run radio, and his captivating storytelling became comfort listening for people across the country. By the 1990s, Shan had become a well-known face on state TV, even performing in the annual Spring Festival Gala show. He has died aged 84 following a long illness.(单田芳1934年出生于辽宁省营口市。他的家人从小就让他接触民间艺术，19岁时开始学习评书。上世纪五六十年代，他因在舞台上和当地茶馆的表演而在辽宁出名，并在当地的一个艺术团演出。从1966年到1976年，单田芳和袁国成等评书演员被迫停止工作。在20世纪80年代。单田芳转行到国家广播电台，他迷人的故事成为全国人民的安慰。到20世纪90年代，单田芳已经成为国家电视台的知名人物，甚至在每年的春节联欢晚会上表演。他在长期患病后去世，享年84岁)”可知，本段是按照时间顺序写的，故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Shan performed over 12,000 stories on TV and radio. His stories attracted people of all ages. One of his most acclaimed performances is of the Heroes in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. He gave countless performances of the “Four Classic Novels” (Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Journey to the West, Dream of the Red Chamber and Water Margin) and also helped to bring lesser-known classical Chinese literature to new audiences.(单在电视和广播中表演了超过12000个故事。他的故事吸引了各个年龄层的人。他最受欢迎的表演之一是《隋唐英雄》。他无数次演播了“四大名著”(《三国演义》、《西游记》、《红楼梦》和《水浒传》)，并将鲜为人知的中国古典文学介绍给了新观众)”可知单田芳演播过无数次“四大名著”（《三国演义》《西游记》《红楼梦》《水浒传》）。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“He was able to use the medium to entrance his audience and in the process he helped to popularise classical Chinese literature.(他能够使用媒介进入他的观众，在这个过程中，他帮助普及了中国古典文学)”可知，单田芳帮助传播中国文化，故选D。
C
Scientists have been trying to figure out how to alter the genes of humans for many years, and it looks like they’ve finally cracked (破解) the code. But while this may seem like a great step forward in science, some also believe that it’s one step back when it comes to ethics (道德准则). In August, a group of scientists from the USA and South Korea worked together to successfully edit a human embryo (胚胎) and remove a genetic mutation (突变) that would have led to heart disease, reported The Guardian. This was done with the help of CRISPR, a gene-editing tool that allows scientists to “cut and paste” human DNA.
Although this was the first example of an embryo’s genes being changed successfully, the advantages of gene editing have already been tested in living patients. In 2015, a five-month-old girl from the UK was saved after doctors used edited cells to fight off her cancer. As of today, she’s alive and well. And in the USA last year, scientists managed to remove HIV cells from several patients by editing the genes inside their bodies.
Some people hope that in the future, diseases or birth defects could simply be "edited out”. However, others believe this could lead to so-called designer babies, giving parents the option to choose everything from eye color to intelligence. “You could find wealthy parents buying the latest “upgrades” for their children, leading to even greater inequality than we already live with,” Marcy Camovsky, director of the San Francisco Center for Genetics, told BBC News.
In spite of these ethical concerns, experts say it’s not possible to create the “perfect” human being. Despite the progress scientists have made, we don’t understand human genes enough to give all unborn children great brainpower or amazing singing abilities. “Right now, we know nothing about genetic enhancement,” Hank Greely, a director at Stanford University, USA, told The New York Times. “We’re never going to be able to say, honestly, this embryo looks like it would score high on the two-part SAT.”
So it looks like if we want good exam results, or to impress people with our piano skills, we’ll have to stick with the old fashioned method of plain hard work---at least for now.
8. The underlined word “alter” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.
A. record B. change C. remove D. increase
9. What was the first successful example of human embryo gene editing?
A. A genetic mutation related to heart disease was removed by scientists.
B. A newborn baby with cancer was saved by edited cells.
C. HIV cells were removed from patients9 bodies.
D. Some birth defects were simply edited out.
10. Why do some people consider human gene editing a step backwards?
A. They don’t think it is an effective way to fight diseases.
B. They are concerned that it could lead to genetic mutations.
C. They think it could lead to designer babies and increased inequality.
D. They worry that it could make parents abandon children with birth defects.
11. What can we conclude from the text?
A. Gene editing is regarded as the perfect way to treat birth defects.
B. There is still a long way to go to fully understand human genes.
C. Gene editing could help enhance human intelligence in the near future.
D. Scientists are pessimistic (悲观的) about the future of gene editing.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们多年来一直试图找出如何改变人类的基因，来自美国和韩国的科学家合作成功地编辑了一个人类胚胎，虽然这看起来是科学上的一大进步，但也有人认为，在伦理上，这是倒退了一步。我们对人类基因的了解，还需要不断探索。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中“In August, a group of scientists from the USA and South Korea worked together to successfully edit a human embryo (胚胎) and remove a genetic mutation (突变) that would have led to heart disease, reported The Guardian. (据英国《卫报》报道，今年8月，一组来自美国和韩国的科学家合作成功地编辑了一个人类胚胎，并移除了一个可能导致心脏病的基因突变)”可知，科学家可以编辑并改变人类胚胎基因。再根据本段划线句子“Scientists have been trying to figure out how to alter the genes of humans for many years, and it looks like they’ve finally cracked (破解) the code. (科学家们多年来一直试图找出如何alter人类的基因，看来他们终于破解了密码)”可知，科学家一直试图“改变”人类的基因，终于破解了密码，在人类胚胎基因上取得突破，由此可知划线词词义 为“改变”。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In August, a group of scientists from the USA and South Korea worked together to successfully edit a human embryo (胚胎) and remove a genetic mutation (突变) that would have led to heart disease, reported The Guardian. (据英国《卫报》报道，今年8月，一组来自美国和韩国的科学家合作成功地编辑了一个人类胚胎，并移除了一个可能导致心脏病的基因突变)”以及第二段中“Although this was the first example of an embryo’s genes being changed successfully, the advantages of gene editing have already been tested in living patients. (尽管这是胚胎基因成功改变的第一个例子，但基因编辑的优势已经在活体患者身上得到了检验)”可知，人类胚胎基因编辑的第一个成功例子是一个与心脏病有关的基因突变被科学家们移除了。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“However, others believe this could lead to so-called designer babies, giving parents the option to choose everything from eye color to intelligence. “You could find wealthy parents buying the latest “upgrades” for their children, leading to even greater inequality than we already live with,” Marcy Camovsky, director of the San Francisco Center for Genetics, told BBC News. (不过，也有人认为，这可能导致所谓的“设计师婴儿”，让父母可以选择从眼睛颜色到智力等一切东西。旧金山基因研究中心主任Marcy Camovsky对英国广播公司（BBC）说：“你可能会发现有钱的父母为他们的孩子购买最新的‘升级版’，导致了比我们现在所承受的更大的不平等”)”可知，有些人认为人类基因编辑是一种倒退，是他们认为这可能会导致“设计师婴儿”，加剧社会不平等性。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Despite the progress scientists have made, we don’t understand human genes enough to give all unborn children great brainpower or amazing singing abilities. (尽管科学家们已经取得了进步，但我们对人类基因的了解还不足以让所有未出生的孩子拥有强大的智力或惊人的歌唱能力) ”以及最后一段“So it looks like if we want good exam results, or to impress people with our piano skills, we’ll have to stick with the old fashioned method of plain hard work---at least for now. (所以看来，如果我们想取得好的考试成绩，或者想用我们的钢琴技巧给人们留下深刻的印象，我们就必须坚持用传统的方法，至少现在是这样) ”可知，我们对基因的了解是不充分的，还不足以帮助达到我们想要的效果，也就是要完全了解人类基因还有很长的路要走，故选B。
D
To find out how effective language learning applications allow mobile users to study a new language anywhere and anytime, Shawn Loewen, a professor at Michigan State University (MSU), recently conducted a study focusing on a popular language learning app and e-learning platform first launched in 2007, to see if it really worked at teaching a new language.
“Despite the fact that millions globally are already using language learning apps, there is a lack of published research on their effect on speaking skills, ” Loewen said. “Actually there are no other studies that have researched mobile language learning apps in this way. Therefore, this study makes an important contribution to the field. ”
In the study, which is published in Foreign Language Annals, 85 undergraduate students at MSU used the app tor 12 weeks to learn Spanish. At the beginning of the study, the students took a pretest to examine their existing oral proficiency (熟练),vocabulary and grammar in Spanish. After 12 weeks, the 54 students who completed all study requirements took the same test again to see how much knowledge they had gained.
The study showed that nearly all the students improved in their Spanish language knowledge and ability to communicate. “The result proves that using the app can advance the development of oral communication skills and not just grammar and vocabulary, as a previous study had shown,” Loewen said.
As one might expect, learning gains were related to the amount of time students used. The more time the learners used, the more progress they made. Also, no matter how convenient and effective a language learning app may be, what might be the most important is that learners stick with it.
12. What can we know about the app mentioned in the text?
A. It creates job opportunities for language learners.
B. It conducts e-learning research.
C. It offers language learning.
D. It publishes research results.
13. What does Loewen’s study focus on?
A. Speaking. B. Vocabulary.
C. Reading. D. Grammar.
14. How is the study carried out?
A. By studying previous studies.
B. By researching applications.
C. By completing interviews.
D. By doing experiments.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. The great importance of foreign languages
B. A study of a language learning app
C. A way to learn a language
D. The importance of learning a language
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。密歇根州立大学Shawn Loewen教授最近对一款语言学习应用程序进行了研究，看看它在教授新语言方面是否真的有效。结果表明，这个应用程序能够促进使用者的口语交际能力的发展，而不仅仅是语法和词汇的发展。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一自然段“Shawn Loewen, a professor at Michigan State University (MSU), recently conducted a study focusing on a popular language learning app and e-learning platform first launched in 2007, to see if it really worked at teaching a new language.(密歇根州立大学教授Shawn Loewen最近进行了一项研究，重点是2007年首次推出的流行语言学习应用和电子学习平台，看看它在教授新语言方面是否真的有效)”可知，文中提到的应用程序提供语言学习。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二自然段““Despite the fact that millions globally are already using language learning apps, there is a lack of published research on their effect on speaking skills, ”… Therefore, this study makes an important contribution to the field. ”(“尽管全球已有数百万人在使用语言学习应用程序，但缺乏关于其对口语技能影响的公开研究……因此，这项研究对该领域做出了重要贡献。”)”可知，Loewen的研究重点是口语。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三自然段“In the study, which is published in Foreign Language Annals, 85 undergraduate students at MSU used the app tor 12 weeks to learn Spanish. At the beginning of the study, the students took a pretest to examine their existing oral proficiency (熟练),vocabulary and grammar in Spanish. After 12 weeks, the 54 students who completed all study requirements took the same test again to see how much knowledge they had gained.(在这项发表在《外语年鉴》上的研究中，MSU的85名本科生使用该应用程序学习了12周的西班牙语。在研究开始时，学生们进行了一次预测试，以检查他们现有的西班牙语口语能力、词汇和语法。12周后，完成所有学习要求的54名学生再次参加了相同的测试，看看他们获得了多少知识)”可知，这个研究是通过做实验来进行的。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一自然段“To find out how effective language learning applications allow mobile users to study a new language anywhere and anytime, Shawn Loewen, a professor at Michigan State University (MSU), recently conducted a study focusing on a popular language learning app and e-learning platform first launched in 2007, to see if it really worked at teaching a new language.(为了了解有效的语言学习应用程序如何让移动用户随时随地学习新语言，密歇根州立大学教授Shawn Loewen最近进行了一项研究，重点是2007年首次推出的流行语言学习应用和电子学习平台，看看它在教授新语言方面是否真的有效)”可知，本文主要介绍了Shawn Loewen教授最近对一款语言学习应用程序进行的研究。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Make Friends with an Extremely Shy Person
Many people are extremely shy. Shy people may feel uncomfortable being around people they aren’t familiar with. So, how can we break the ice and become friends with an extremely shy person?
Walk up to them on your own, not with a group. ____16____, but not overly excited to the point where it seems insincere. You might say something like “Hey, I noticed you standing here on your own. I’m Jeff, what’s your name?” Approaching the person on your own, not with a group, increases the possibility that they will make friends with you. ____17____.
Make minimal eye contact at first. Shy people tend to feel awkward in social situations.____18____. To increase their comfort level with you, aim to make eye contact between 30%-60% of the time during a conversation. Generally, you should make eye contact slightly more when listening than when talking.
____19____. To draw out a shy person, you might start by asking a few open-ended questions that require best more than a “Yes” or “No” answer. These types of questions allow the person responding to answer in their own words rather than offering limited response options.
Learn to be Okay with silence. Conversation involves speaking, listening, and silence. If you’re outgoing, you may assume silence is a sign that your social attempt has failed. It’s not. ____20____, specially with a shy person. If you want to save both of you from an awkward silence, you might say “Well, nice meeting you, Becky. We’ll have to catch up again sometime.”
A. Ask open-ended questions
B. Talk about similar interests
C. You must be sure your approach is friendly
D. Actually, a few seconds of silence is typically Okay
E. This feeling is even stronger when they are under intense stares
F. Silence is the factor that influences you to make friends with them
G. Because shy people typically feel ignored and frightened by large groups
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. E 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了与极度害羞的人交朋友的有效方法。
【16题详解】
空格下半句的but表示前后文是转折关系，下文“but not overly excited to the point where it seems insincere.(但并没有兴奋到看起来不真诚的程度)”说明要高兴但不要看起来不真诚，C项中的“friendly”与“overly excited”和“insincere”相对。由此可知，C项“你必须确保你的方法是友好的”符合语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
上文“Approaching the person on your own, not with a group, increases the possibility that they will make friends with you.(独自接近这个人，而不是和一群人一起，会增加他们和你交朋友的可能性)”讲述一个人而不是一群人接近害羞的人，更容易与他们交朋友。由此可知，G项“因为害羞的人通常会因为一大群人感觉被忽视和害怕”符合语境，上下文是因果关系，解释了一个人接近害羞的人原因。故选G。
【18题详解】
上文“Make minimal eye contact at first. Shy people tend to feel awkward in social situations.(一开始尽量不要有眼神接触。害羞的人在社交场合容易感到尴尬)”建议开始的时候减少眼神接触，害羞的人会感到尴尬。由此可知，E项“当他们被强烈的目光注视着时，这种感觉会更强烈”符合语境，E项中的“stare”呼应上文的“eye contact”，进一步解释减少眼神接触的原因。故选E。
【19题详解】
空处为段落标题。根据下文“To draw out a shy person, you might start by asking a few open-ended questions that require best more than a “Yes” or “No” answer. These types of questions allow the person responding to answer in their own words rather than offering limited response options.(为了鼓励一个害羞的人，你可以先问一些开放式的问题，而不是只回答“是”或“不是”。这些类型的问题允许人们用自己的话来回答，而不是提供有限的回答选项)”可知，本段讲述使用开放性问题来鼓励害羞的人进行交谈。由此可知，A项“问开放式问题”能够概况本段主旨。故选A。
【20题详解】
上文“Learn to be Okay with silence. Conversation involves speaking, listening, and silence. If you’re outgoing, you may assume silence is a sign that your social attempt has failed. It’s not. (学会接受沉默。对话包括说、听和沉默。如果你性格外向，你可能会认为沉默是你社交尝试失败的标志。它不是)”建议要接受对话时出现的沉默。由此可知，D项“事实上，几秒钟的沉默通常是可以的”符合语境，照应主题，呼应前文“It’s not”。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分55分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When struggling single mom Shetara Sims won $100 on the lottery, she decided to donate it all to the family of a police officer who had been shot while on ____21____.
Sims did so despite her own financial worries. Like many Americans facing ____22____, she had recently lost her job. One Kansas City resident said she had only $7 left when she found a dollar bill in a parking lot. She used it to buy a lottery ticket, ____23____ $100. Sims’ 12-year-old daughter, ____24____, suggested they donate it to the family of the wounded police officer rather than ____25____ the money.
The officer’s difficult situation was a ____26____ of their own tragic experience. Sims’ eldest daughter was killed in 2012. “The police were really there for us more than anyone I can ____27____,” Sims said. “They came to see my kids. They did a lot. They were fathers, therapists. They were everything.”
To ____28____ some of the hope these officers gave to her family, Sims called the police department to make her donation. She decided to donate the money without ____29____ her name or number.
News of the _____30_____ donation soon spread throughout the community. Officers spent days _____31_____ her down, hoping to find her. “It’s really _____32_____ to us,” said Sgt. Jake Becchina, a spokesman for the Kansas City Police Department.
Once they learned her _____33_____, officers started a campaign for Sims. Hundreds of people had _____34_____ wanting to help. By Wednesday, it had raised more than $59,000. Becchina said it’s kindness from people like Sims that motivates _____35_____ including him to keep serving.
21. A. display B. duty C. vacation D. fire
22. A. unease B. disappointment C. unemployment D. dissatisfaction
23. A. costing B. taking C. earning D. winning
24. A. therefore B. anyway C. however D. otherwise
25. A. keep B. spend C. leave D. contribute
26. A. reminder B. witness C. reflection D. warning
27. A. observe B. imagine C. obtain D. assume
28. A. highlight B. reserve C. illustrate D. repay
29. A. bearing B. submitting C. leaving D. signing
30. A. potential B. generous C. individual D. infectious
31. A. turning B. knocking C. shaking D. tracking
32. A. warning B. touching C. exciting D. astonishing
33. A. address B. characteristics C. identity D. document
34. A. come out B. turned up C. taken up D. reached out
35. A. officers B. soldiers C. residents D. volunteers
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报导。文章介绍了生活难以温饱的单亲妈妈中了100美元的彩票后，匿名把这笔钱捐给了一名在执行公务时中枪的警察的家人，以回报警察曾经给她家人的帮助。这一温暖的举动感动警察们为她发起募捐活动，筹得钱款超过59000美元。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当苦苦挣扎的单身妈妈Shetara Sims买彩票赢得100美元时，她决定将其全部捐赠给一名在执行任务时被枪杀的警察的家人。A. display展览，陈列；B. duty任务；C. vacation假期；D. fire火。根据“she decided to donate it all to the family of a police officer who had been shot”及“Becchina said it’s kindness from people like Sims that motivates ____15____ including him to keep serving.”可知，Sims捐款的善行使警察们想像受伤的警察一样继续好好服务大众。故推知这名警察是执行任务，为人民服务时中枪的，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：像许多面临失业的美国人一样，她最近失去了工作。A. unease不安；B. disappointment失望；C. unemployment失业；D. dissatisfaction不满。根据“she had recently lost her job”可知，Sims失业了，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她用这笔钱买了一张彩票，赢了100美元。A. costing花费；B. taking带走；C. earning赚；D. winning赢。根据“When struggling single mom Shetara Sims won $100 on the lottery, she decided to donate it all to the family of a police officer who had been shot while on ____1____.”可知，Sims彩票中奖了，赢得了100美元，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，Sims的12岁的女儿建议他们把钱捐给受枪伤警察的家人，而不是自己保留这笔钱。A. therefore因此；B. anyway无论如何；C. however然而；D. otherwise否则。根据“She used it to buy a lottery ticket, ____3____ $100.”及“suggested they donate it to the family of the wounded police officer rather than ____5____ the money.”可知，Sims彩票中奖了，赢得了100美元，但是女儿建议将钱捐给受枪伤的警察的家属，前后两句是转折关系，故用副词however，故选C。
25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，Sims的12岁的女儿建议他们把钱捐给受枪伤警察的家人，而不是自己保留这笔钱。A. keep保留；B. spend花费；C. leave离开；D. contribute捐赠。根据“Sims’ 12-year-old daughter, ____4____, suggested they donate it to the family of the wounded police officer”可知，女儿建议Sims把钱捐给受枪伤警察的家人，而不是自己留着这笔钱。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这名警察的困境提醒着他们自己的悲惨经历。A. reminder提醒物；B. witness目击者；C. reflection深思；D. warning警告。根据“Sims’ eldest daughter was killed in 2012.”可知，警察中枪的事情使Sims想到大女儿被杀的经历。故推知这名警察的困境提醒着Sims的悲惨经历。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sims说：“警察对我们的帮助真得比我能想象到的任何人都多”。A. observe观察；B. imagine想象；C. obtain获得；D. assume假设。根据““They came to see my kids. They did a lot. They were fathers, therapists. They were everything.””可知，警察们为Sims付出了很多事情。对Sims来说，警察是一切。故推知警察对Sims的帮助比她能想象到的任何人都多，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了回报这些警察给她家人带来的一些希望，Sims打电话给警察局捐款。A. highlight突出；B. reserve保存；C. illustrate说明；D. repay报答。根据““The police were really there for us more than anyone I can ____7____,” Sims said. “They came to see my kids. They did a lot. They were fathers, therapists. They were everything.””可知，警察为Sims提供了很多帮助，故推知Sims捐钱是为了报答警察的恩情，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她决定捐钱，没有留下她的名字或号码。A. bearing忍受；B. submitting顺从；C. leaving留下；D. signing签字。根据“Officers spent days ____11____ her down, hoping to find her.”可知，事后，警察到处寻找捐款的人。故推知Sims没有留下名字和号码。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：慷慨捐赠的消息很快传遍了整个社区。A. potential潜在的；B. generous慷慨的；C. individual个人的；D. infectious传染的。根据“When struggling single mom Shetara Sims won $100 on the lottery, she decided to donate it all to the family of a police officer who had been shot while on ____1____.”可知，失业，拮据的Sims将中奖的100美元捐给中枪的警察，这是一个慷慨的举动。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：警察花了几天时间追踪她，希望找到她。A. turning转；B. knocking敲；C. shaking摇晃；D. tracking追踪，追查。根据“hoping to find her”可知，警察希望找到捐款人，故推知警察追查Sims的身份和信息。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：堪萨斯城警察局发言人Jake Becchina中士说：“这真的很让我们感动”。A. warning警告的；B. touching感人的；C. exciting令人激动的；D. astonishing令人惊讶的。根据“When struggling single mom Shetara Sims won $100 on the lottery, she decided to donate it all to the family of a police officer who had been shot while on ____1____.”可知，失业，拮据的Sims将中奖的100美元捐给中枪的警察，这是一个慷慨的，令人感到的行为。故推知Sims匿名捐款感动了警察，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：警察一得知她的身份，他们就开始为Sims发起一场宣传活动。A. address地址；B. characteristics特点；C. identity身份；D. document文件。根据“Officers spent days ____11____ her down, hoping to find her.”及“officers started a campaign for Sims”可知，警察一开始不知道捐款人的身份和信息，并追查捐款人的信息。故推知警察为Sims发起募捐活动发生在得知Sims的身份后，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：成百上千的人伸出援手想要帮忙。A. come out出来，出版；B. turned up出现，调大声；C. taken up从事，占据；D. reached out伸出援手，提供援助。根据“By Wednesday, it had raised more than $59,000.”可知，人们伸出援助之手，为Sims捐款。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Becchina说：“像Sims这样的人的善意激励了包括他在内的警察继续为大家服务”。A. officers警察；B. soldiers士兵；C. residents居民；D. volunteers志愿者。根据““It’s really ____12____ to us,” said Sgt. Jake Becchina, a spokesman for the Kansas City Police Department.”可知，Sims的善行感动了警察，故推知警察们被这些好心人激励，想要继续为大家好好服务。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With high yield and superior quality, Chinese hybrid rice varieties have been introduced around the world, ____36____ (benefit) more people. The export of China’s hybrid rice technology started many years ago. In 1979, China provided hybrid rice seeds to another country for the first time, and 40 years later, in ____37____ (real), China’s hybrid rice has been planted in dozens of countries in the world.
In the past 40 years, Chinese scientists ____38____ (devote) to providing assistance to many other countries. China has trained more than 14,000 hybrid rice professionals for more than 80 developing countries through international training courses. This technology has spread ____39____ more and more places in the world so far.
Yuan Longping, ____40____ cultivated the world’s first high-yield hybrid rice strain not only earned respect from Chinese people but also the global community. His hybrid rice research has been ____41____ (entire) saving millions of people from hunger. Yuan’s dream was ____42____ (solve) the global food shortage and promote hybrid rice around the world. China has achieved ____43____ great wonder, feeding nearly one fifth of the world’s population with less than nine percent of the world’s total land. And China is ____44____ (will) to contribute to global food security and calls for joint efforts to end global hunger and poverty.
It _____45_____ (believe) that Yuan’s dream will come true one day.
【答案】36. benefiting
37. reality
38. have been devoted
39. to 40. who
41. entirely
42. to solve
43. a 44. willing
45. is believed
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。中国杂交水稻品种产量高、品质优，已推广到世界各地，使更多的人受益。文章介绍了中国杂交水稻技术的历史和所取得的成就。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国杂交水稻品种产量高、品质优，已推广到世界各地，使更多的人受益。benefit与其逻辑主语Chinese hybrid rice varieties是主动关系，且表示一种自然的结果，应用现在分词作状语。故填benefiting。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：1979年，中国首次向另一个国家提供杂交水稻种子，40年后，事实上，中国的杂交水稻已经在世界上几十个国家种植。固定短语in reality意为“事实上”。故填reality。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在过去的40年里，中国科学家为许多国家提供了援助。根据上文In the past 40 years可知，此处为现在完成时，主语为Chinese scientists，助动词用have。故填have been devoted。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：到目前为止，这项技术已经传播到世界上越来越多的地方。固定短语spread to意为“传播到”，to是介词。故填to。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：袁隆平培育出世界上第一个高产杂交水稻品种，不仅赢得了中国人民的尊重，也赢得了国际社会的尊重。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词为Yuan Longping，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：他的杂交水稻研究使数百万人免于饥饿。此处修饰后面的动词save，应用副词。故填entirely。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：袁隆平的梦想是解决全球粮食短缺问题，并在全球推广杂交水稻。此处用不定式作表语，表示未实现的梦想的具体内容。故填to solve。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：中国创造了一个伟大的奇迹，用不到世界9%的土地养活了世界近五分之一的人口。此处泛指“一个伟大的奇迹”，且great是发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国愿为全球粮食安全作出贡献，呼吁共同努力消除全球饥饿和贫困。固定搭配be willing to do意为“愿意做”。故填willing。
【45题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：人们相信袁的梦想总有一天会实现。此处用被动语态，It为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，该从句与believe构成动宾关系，且陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填is believed。
第三节 根据括号内的提示填入选必修一Unit 1-Unit 2单词正确的形式或在空白处填入1个适当的单词。(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
46. The children are________(成熟的) enough to make their own decision.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】mature
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：孩子们已经足够成熟了，可以自己做决定了。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查表示“成熟的”对应的形容词mature，作表语。故填mature。
47. She strongly________ (怀疑)he was lying to her. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】suspected
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：她强烈怀疑他在向她撒谎。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查“怀疑”对应的动词suspect作谓语。这句话描述的是过去的事情，所以谓语用一般过去时。故填suspected。
48. To save the________ (费用), the number of daily guests is limited to less than 100. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】expense
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：为了节省开支，每天的客人人数限制在100人以下。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要名词expense“费用”，作save的宾语。故填expense。
49. He was a________(爱国的), adventurous and romantic writer. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】patriotic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他是一位爱国、冒险、浪漫的作家。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词writer，“爱国的”的形容词是patriotic，故填patriotic。
50. His________(干涉) made them quarrel even more loudly. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】interference##intervention
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他的干涉让他们的争吵更大声了。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查表示“干涉”对应的名词interference/intervention，作主语。故填interference/intervention。
51. He________(安慰) himeself with the thought she had died in the most beautiful part of the country. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】comforted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他安慰自己说，她死在这个国家最美丽的地方。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词comfort，结合该句had died可知，此处为发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填comforted。
52. We all have an________(期望) that we can be admitted to our own ideal universities. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】expectation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们都希望能被自己理想的大学录取。此处应用名词作宾语，“期望”为名词expectation，由an可知，应用单数，故填expectation。
53. According to official ______ (统计数据), the disease killed over 500 people. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)
【答案】statistics
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：根据官方统计数据，这种疾病导致500多人死亡。分析句子可知，“统计数据”翻译为：statistics，以复数形式存在。故填：statistics。
54. Going out with a mask will decrease the risk of________(感染). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】infection
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：戴口罩外出可降低感染风险。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词infection，作宾语。故填infection。
55. ________Jack gets home after school is calculated so that Mum can ensure him warm meals.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】When
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：杰克放学回家的时间是经过计算的，这样妈妈就可以保证他吃到热乎的饭菜。“______Jack gets home after school”作主语，所以空处引导主语从句，从句缺少时间状语，应用when来引导，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填When。
56. I’m going to ask each of you to make a short________(present) on what you saw.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】presentation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我要请你们每个人就你们所看到的东西做一个简短的介绍。此处应用名词作宾语，present的名词形式为presentation(介绍；说明)，且由a可知，应用单数，故填presentation。
57. There is convincing evidence that skin cancer is linked to________(expose) to the sun. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】exposure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：有令人信服的证据表明皮肤癌与暴露在阳光下有关。分析句子结构和意思可知，空前to是介词，应用名词exposure，作宾语，抽象名词，不可数。故填exposure。
58. If a student lacks the________(motivate) to study, he will quickly become tired of studying. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】motivation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果一个学生缺乏学习的动力，他很快就会厌倦学习。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处作宾语，应用名词motivation。故填motivation。
59. Lacking in the spirit of innovation, the small island country remains________it was 5 years ago.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】what
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：由于缺乏创新精神，这个小岛国仍然是5年前的样子。空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少表语，表示“……的样子”，应用what来引导，故填what。
60. It is strange that she________(cite) other’s idea without acknowledging it. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】should have cited##have cited
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：奇怪的是，她竟然引用别人的意见而不承认。it is strange that...句型中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句，that引导的主语从句需要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略，根据句意可知，引用别人的意见这一动作已经发生，应用现在完成时，故填should have cited/have cited。
第四节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
选择用方框内短语填空。
A. as a consequence of B. subscribe to C. in defence of D. above all
E. come down F. once and for all G. makes sense

61. More and more members are refusing to ________ the leader’s point of view.
62. Many soldiers died________ their country.
63. It________ to do something to protect the environment.
64. He must have________ with a bad cold, for he has got a sore throat.
65. ________, we should recognize our strengths and weaknesses.
【答案】61 B 62. C 63. G 64. E 65. D
【解析】
【61题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：越来越多的成员拒绝同意领导人的观点。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要动词短语subscribe to，表示“同意”的意思，空前to是不定式符号，应用动词原形。故选B。
【62题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：许多士兵为保卫国家而牺牲。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要介词短语in defence of，表示“为保卫”的意思。故选C。
【63题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：做一些保护环境的事情是有意义的。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要动词短语make sense，表示“有意义”的意思，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是it，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故选G。
【64题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他一定是得了重感冒，因为他喉咙痛。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要动词短语come down with，表示“感染”的意思，由空前must have可知，应用过去分词。故选E。
【65题详解】
考查副词短语辨析。句意：最重要的是，我们应该认识到我们的强项和弱点。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要副词短语above all，表示“最重要的是”的意思。故选D。
选择用方框内短语填空。
A. cost an arm and a leg B. side with C. generally speaking D. as far as I concerned
E. engage in F. feel at home G. adapt to

66. Eating in the restaurants on this street will________.
67. ________, not only does outdoor exercise get us close to nature but it also gives us relaxation from heavy schoolwork.
68. Mary told us that she would________ us no matter what would happen.
69. The new laboratory gives students a chance to________ the creative process.
70. ________, when a child learns to read, he usually begins from ABC.
【答案】66. cost an arm and a leg

67. As far as I concerned

68. side with

69. engage in

70. Generally speaking

【解析】
【66题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：在这条街上的餐馆吃饭要花一大笔钱。根据句意可知，此处表示“花一大笔钱”，应用动词短语cost an arm and a leg，由情态动词will可知，动词cost应用原形，故填cost an arm and a leg。
【67题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：就我而言，户外运动不仅使我们接近自然，而且还使我们从繁重的学业中得到放松。根据句意可知，此处表示“就我而言”，应用固定句型as far as I concerned，位于句首，as首字母大写，故填 As far as I concerned。
【68题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：玛丽告诉我们，无论发生什么事，她都会支持我们。根据句意可知，此处表示“支持”，应用动词短语side with，由情态动词would可知，此处动词side应用原形，故填side with。
【69题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：新的实验室给学生提供了一个参与创造过程的机会。根据句意可知，此处表示“参与”应用动词短语engage in，空前的to是不定式，表示目的，动词engage应用原形，故填engage in。
【70题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：一般来说，当一个孩子学习阅读时，他通常从ABC开始。根据句意可知，此处表示“一般而言”，应用固定短语generally speaking，句首单词首字母大写，故填Generally speaking。
第四部分 书面表达
71. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右.
Robert and Henry were two friends in the same class. They always played together and went home together. One day Robert and Henry were going home from school, when, on turning a corner, Robert cried out, “A fight! Let’s go and see!”
“No,” said Henry. “Let us go quietly home and not meddle with(插手) this quarrel. We have nothing to do with it and may get into mischief(trouble). Also our parents are expecting to have dinner with us together at home and I don’t want them to worry about me. ”
“You are a coward, and afraid to go,” said Robert, and off he ran. Henry went straight home, and in the afternoon went to school as usual.
But Robert had told all the boys that Henry was a coward, and they laughed at him a great deal. From then on, they looked down upon Henry and didn’t want to play with him together.
Henry was sad but he wasn’t angry with Robert for his rude behavior, because he learned that true courage is shown most in bearing misunderstanding when it was not deserved, and that he ought to be afraid of nothing but doing wrong. Thus, he just ignored the other boys’ laughter and continued to go to school and study as well. However, Robert didn’t invite Henry to go home with him anymore. Instead, he had some other boys who also thought Henry was a coward. Every day after school, they didn’t go home directly but went to the river or somewhere to play games and had a lot of fun.
A few days later, Robert was bathing with his new friends in a river, and got out of his depth. He struggled, and screamed for help, but all in vain. The boys who had called Henry a coward got out of the water as fast as they could, but they did not even try to help him.
注意：
续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
Robert was fast sinking.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Thus,Robert’s life was saved.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Robert was fast sinking. It seemed as if Robert would be drowned. Just at the moment, Henry happened to be passing by. Hearing the screams, Henry ran to the riverside, threw off his clothes and jumped into the water without hesitation. He reached Robert just as he was sinking the last time. With great effort, and at the risk of drowning himself, he brought Robert to the shore.
Thus, Robert’s life was saved. Robert and his new friends were ashamed of having called Henry a coward. They realized that Henry had true courage. They said sorry to Henry for their rude behavior and asked for his forgiveness. Henry forgave them happily. He and Robert were friends again and they went home together as usual. From this, Robert learned what true courage was: never be afraid to do good, but always fear to do evil.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了罗伯特和亨利是同班的两个朋友，但因为一件小事导致了罗伯特不再和亨利一起玩，甚至罗伯特还告诉其他孩子说亨利是个胆小鬼，他们都嘲笑他，不和他玩。直到有一天，罗伯特和他的新朋友们去河里洗澡，水深不见底，罗伯特挣扎着、尖叫着求救，但没有人救他。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“罗伯特迅速下沉。”可知，第一段可描写亨利出现并尽力拯救罗伯特。要详细描述亨利施救的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“因此，罗伯特的生命得救了。”可知，第二段可描写罗伯特和孩子们向亨利道歉，并且罗伯特和亨利又成为了朋友，以及罗伯特得到的感悟。
2.续写线索：罗伯特落水——亨利施救——罗伯特获救——罗伯特道歉——罗伯特亨利重新成为朋友——罗伯特感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
路过：pass by / drop by
挽救：save/ rescue
奔跑：run to/ rush to
情绪类
羞愧：be ashamed of / with shame
勇敢：courage / brave
【点睛】[高分句型1] Hearing the screams, Henry ran to the riverside, threw off his clothes and jumped into the water without hesitation. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] They realized that Henry had true courage.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)。