2022-2023学年河南省南阳市高二上学期期中质量评估英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年河南省南阳市高二上学期期中质量评估英语试题（解析版），共27页。试卷主要包含了本试卷分第I卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022年秋期高中二年级期中质量评估
英语试题
说明：
1.本试卷分第I卷(选择题，满分100分)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，满分50分)两部分。
2.将所有答案均按题号填涂或填写在答题卡或答题纸相应的答题处，否则不得 分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第I卷(选择题，共100分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最 佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题 和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who speaks Spanish the fastest?
A. Sally. B. Ryan. C. Howard.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Sally speaks Spanish very well.
M: She definitely does. But Ryan’s Spanish is even better. However, Howard can speak faster than them.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where is the man’s son studying?
A. In Vancouver. B. In New York. C. In Seattle.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Are you going to Vancouver?
M: No, I’m going to Seattle. I’m attending my son’s graduation ceremony. He’ll get his PhD in engineering from the University of Washington. He plans to work in New York after graduation.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the woman doing?
A. Shopping for clothes. B. Coloring a painting. C. Hanging a mirror.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Try it on in front of the mirror.
W: Well, I think the color is a little too bright.
M: We have darker ones. Do you like this style?
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How will the woman probably go to the airport?
A. By taxi. B. By bus. C. By subway.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m going to the airport. Is there a bus to get there?
M: Oh, sorry, I don’t know. Maybe you can take a taxi.
W: Well, it’s too expensive. Do you know where the subway station is?
M: Sure, it’s over there.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman want to know about New Scientist?
A. Whether it is interesting.
B. Whether it is hard to follow.
C. Whether it is issued every week.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: What are you reading, Frank?
M: It’s this week’s New Scientist. Why?
W: I was just wondering — it looks interesting, but I’ve never actually read it myself. Is it aimed at real scientists or can ordinary people like me understand it?
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三 个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅 读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. What does the man want to do now?
A. Go to sleep. B. Take a hot bath. C. Have his room cleaned.
7. At what time will the woman clean the room tomorrow?
A. 7:30 am. B. 8:00 am. C. 8:30 am.
【答案】6. A 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Housekeeping. May I come in?
M: Yes, please.
W: I’m sorry to disturb you, Mr. Obama. Would you like me to clean your room now?
M: No, not now. I’m so tired and need a good rest.
W: Taking a hot bath may relax you a lot. Anything I can do for you?
M: Oh, I would like an early cleanup tomorrow morning. Can you finish it before 8:30 am?
W: Certainly, is it convenient to clean up your room at 8:00 am?
M: It’s better if it’s half an hour earlier.
W: No problem, sir. Have a good rest. Good night.
M: Thank you. Bye.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. What industry is the boy interested in?
A. Food. B. Skateboarding. C. Clothes.
9. What does the woman ask the boy to do first?
A. Make his own T-shirts. B. Write a business plan. C. Talk with his father.
【答案】8. B 9. C
【解析】
【原文】M: I was thinking of starting my own business.
W: What kind?
M: I know you wanted me to take over your restaurant business, but to be honest, I can’t stand working in the food industry.
W: Don’t worry. I knew that about you a long time ago.
M: I thought maybe you and Dad could lend me some money to open a skateboarding shop.
W: That’s possible. Do you have a business plan?
M: Not in writing, but I’ve thought of all the details.
W: What would make your shop different from the others’?
M: I thought we could make our own T-shirts.
W: It sounds OK to me, but you’ll have to talk to your father about this.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10. Why do most pubs have signs hanging outside?
A. To help travelers find them easily.
B. To attract more customers to come in.
C. To make the pubs look more beautiful.
11. What’s special about the man’s pub?
A. It offers free drinks. B. It sells a variety of beers. C. It produces its own beer.
12. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a wine company. B. In a pub. C. In a talk show.
【答案】10. A 11. B 12. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Pub seems a funny word. Why are they called pubs?
M: Yes, it is a strange word but really it’s just short for public house, a place that has a special license to sell drinks to people.
W: Why do most pubs have signs hanging outside them?
M: Because up to the beginning of this century, most people couldn’t read, so a picture was the easiest way to show travelers where they could get a drink.
W: Ah, I see. I noticed when I came in that your pub’s called a “free house”. What does that mean?
M: Unfortunately it doesn’t mean that the drinks are free! It’s just that most pubs are owned by big wine companies and so they sell only their own beer. But some people are lucky enough to own their own pubs and so they’re free to sell any beer they like from any company.
W: Really? Well, this beer is lovely. It’s very different.
M: Yes, it is usually made by small local companies.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13. What is Gregorio?
A. A snake trainer. B. A snake doctor. C. A snake catcher.
14. What color jacket does Gregorio wear?
A. Purple. B. Green. C. Yellow.
15. In what sport did Georgina become world champion?
A. Tennis. B. Arm wrestling. C. Yo-Yo.
16. Where is Brian Melford sitting?
A. Next to the fireplace. B. By the window. C. At the table.
【答案】13. A 14. A 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hey, John. This looks like a great party. Thanks for inviting me.
M: No problem. Glad you could make it. Have you met any of the famous guests so far?
W: Uh, no. Who exactly?
M: Well, there is Gregorio… Ah, they call him the “Grip” for short.
W: Who in the world is he?
M: You’ve never heard of him? He’s the world-famous snake trainer… He’s never met a snake he couldn’t train to dance and hiss (发出咝咝声) at the same time.
W: Seriously? Where is he?
M: Uh, he’s the tall guy by the window in the purple jacket and green pants. He probably has a snake or two with him tonight.
W: Huh?
M: And then there is Georgina, the great…
W: Georgina… and great for what?
M: Are you serious? You’ve never heard of her? She is the world’s greatest arm wrestler. I mean, world champion. She’s next to the fireplace with the bright yellow dress and the tennis shoes.
W: I thought you said famous people… like people we all know.
M: And there is Brian Melford…
W: Now there’s someone I recognize.
M: Yeah, the captain of the national Yo-Yo team. He is the short man sitting at the table wearing the black shirt. I’m sure he’d do a few tricks for you if you asked.
W: Uh, no, thank you. I think I’ve had enough entertainment for one evening.
M: Okay.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. When were the Beatles formed?
A. In 1956. B. In 1962. C. In 1968.
18. What kind of music did the Beatles play?
A. Jazz. B. Indian. C. Pop.
19. Who was the drummer of the group?
A. George Harrison. B. Ringo Starr. C. John Lennon.
20. What is the word “Beatlemania” used to describe?
A. The fans. B. The movies. C. The fashion.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【原文】W: The world of music was never be the same since the formation of a band in Liverpool, England in 1956. The Beatles were formed by George Harrison, Ringo Starr, Paul McCartney, and John Lennon. Their first hit (风行一时的事物) song Love Me Do was recorded in 1962. The Beatles quickly became the world’s best-known pop music group and many people today still regard them as the finest band in the history of pop music. Lennon and McCartney were the authors of most of the songs the group recorded. Harrison also wrote songs, often using ideas from Indian music. The drummer of the group was the famous Ringo Starr and he occasionally sang. For six years the Beatles had hit after hit songs. Twenty-eight of their songs were on the Top Twenty record charts and seventeen of these songs reached number one on the charts. The group also had a successful movie career. The comedies A Hard Day’s Night and Yellow Submarine became very successful movies. People imitated (模仿) their long hairstyles, clothing, and humor. Almost all later pop bands learned from the Beatles. Beatlemania is the word used to describe how strong and loyal the fans were.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Each dog breed has its own uniqueness. Some are playful, some are highly aggressive, and some cannot sit still without lending a helping paw. For our senior readers looking to adopt a puppy, there are 4 friendliest dog breeds you should have no problem training.
The Maltese
The Maltese may be small and not terrifying, but they’ve got a huge personality and are a total joy to be around. This breed isn’t high-maintenance, so you don’t have to physically keep up with the dog to keep him or her happy. Measuring up to 10 inches in length, it’s nearly impossible for a Maltese to knock a person down.
The Poodle
The playful, lovable Poodle is often found lightly running around the legs of older folks. They’re incredibly adorable and just as loyal. Their active behavior makes them a limitless source of entertainment for the old and young alike. Not only are they extremely funny, poodles actually make great guard dogs. Their intelligence allows pet owners to train them quickly and without much trouble.
The Beagle
Beagles are one of the simplest breeds to raise and train. They’re mainly known for their playful nature and easy-going behavior. In addition, they can stay relatively fit without much exercise, though they will jump up and down in joy when you mention the words “walk” or “park”. Beagles make for awesome companions for the young and elderly alike.
The Pomeranian
The thick-furred Pomeranian is an endless source of joy for dog owners regardless of age. Their curious facial expressions can keep us entertained for hours on end. However, don’t be fooled by its small stature; Pomeranians are highly protective of their masters. They’re also incredibly watchful and can sniff out danger from a mile away. They’re also relatively easy to train, so you and your Pomeranian can become good friends quickly.
21. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. A textbook. B. An exam paper.
C. An academic article. D. An entertainment magazine.
22. What’s the common characteristic of these four dog breeds?
A. They are all small and not terrifying.
B. They all have a good sense of smell.
C. They are all friendly and joyful.
D. They are all protective and intelligent.
23. Which kind of dog will an elder man with a small house probably want to adopt?
A. The Maltese B. The Poodle
C. The Beagle D. The Pomeranian
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种最友善的犬种。
21题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“For our senior readers looking to adopt a puppy, there are 4 friendliest dog breeds you should have no problem training.(对于想要收养小狗的老年读者，这里有4种最友好的狗，你应该可以毫无问题地训练)”可知，文章主要介绍了四种最友善的犬种。由此推知，本文很可能出自娱乐杂志，故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。从第一段“there are 4 friendliest dog breeds you should have no problem training(有4种最友好的狗，你训练起来应该没问题)”和下文介绍四种犬种时分别提到了“a total joy to be around(身边的一个完全的快乐)”，“a limitless source of entertainment(无限的娱乐来源)”，“their playful nature(它们爱玩的天性)”，“an endless source of joy(无尽的欢乐之源)”以及“keep us entertained for hours on end(让我们连续娱乐几个小时)”可知，四种狗的共同点是友好且令人愉快，故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据The Maltese部分中“Measuring up to 10 inches in length, it’s nearly impossible for a Maltese to knock a person down.(马尔济斯犬身长可达10英寸，几乎不可能把人击倒)”可知，一位住小房子的老人需要收养的是一只小型犬，马尔济斯犬10英寸的大小正合适。故选A。
B
When I was seven years old. My friend had gotten a computer for his birthday. He invited me to play a simple game, and we loved it! We played for hours. We would meet after school every day to play it. My addiction to computer games started then.
At first I played games over the Internet after I had done my homework and eaten dinner. Then I started playing as soon as I got home each day. My parents stopped me, so I started playing in the middle of the night. I often fell asleep in class. My teacher would scold me but I would often do the same thing the next day! Shortly after that I began to skip meals and play through the night. My parents found out and took away my computer and smartphone. I knew I had gone too far. My love of computer games had become an addiction. It was affecting my schoolwork and my health, and I felt quite depressed.
Playing was fun, but I felt even more worn out afterwards! We can spoil good things by doing them too much. I realized that it was very important to adjust my lifestyle. I decided to take control of my life and find other ways to relax.
To succeed in quitting, I had to replace it with something else. So I thought about what to try. Rock climbing bowling, watching comedies, and playing basketball were the things I thought of doing instead. I get refreshed through climbing, spend more time with my dad, and get to meet new friends. The more we get together and laugh, the more relaxed I feel. Besides, I can eat a little more food, sleep soundly, and Pm almost in high spirits.
After six months of trying out new ways of relaxing, I feel much more energetic. I feel that I can change myself for the better. And if that’s true for me, then it might truly be possible to change the world for others. Just as the saying goes,” Nothing is difficult to a willing heart.“
24. When did the writer play computer games at first?
A. In the morning. B. In the middle of the night.
C. When he got home. D. After school work and dinner.
25. How do you feel about playing computer games according to the passage?
A. It does more good than harm. B. It does much more harm than good.
C. It has no effect on students. D. It does little more harm than good..
26. How does the writer break the habit of being addicted to computer games?
A. Give up playing completely. B. Learn more advanced games.
C. Try out other new ways to relax in reality. D. Do a lot of hard labour .
27. What is the character of the writer of this passage?
A. A bit energetic. B. A little stubborn.
C. Kind of self-disciplined. D. Much clever.
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. C 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公7岁染上网瘾，又成功摆脱的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“At first I played games over the Internet after I had done my homework and eaten dinner.(起初，我在做完作业和吃完晚饭后在网上玩游戏)”可知，起初，我在做完作业和吃完晚饭后在网上玩游戏。故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It was affecting my schoolwork and my health, and I felt quite depressed.(它影响了我的学业和健康，我感到非常沮丧)”和第三段中的“Playing was fun, but I felt even more worn out afterwards! We can spoil good things by doing them too much. (玩游戏很有趣，但之后我觉得更累了！我们会因为做得太多而糟蹋了好事)”可知，根据这篇文章，玩电脑游戏弊大于利。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。 根据第四段“To succeed in quitting, I had to replace it with something else. So I thought about what to try. Rock climbing bowling, watching comedies, and playing basketball were the things I thought of doing instead. I get refreshed through climbing, spend more time with my dad, and get to meet new friends. The more we get together and laugh, the more relaxed I feel. Besides, I can eat a little more food, sleep soundly, and Pm almost in high spirits.(为了成功戒除，我必须用其他东西代替它。所以我在想该怎么做。攀岩、保龄球、看喜剧和打篮球是我想做的事情。我通过登山来恢复精神，花更多的时间和爸爸在一起，认识新朋友。我们聚在一起笑得越多，我就觉得越放松。此外，我可以多吃一点食物，睡得香，我几乎精神高昂)”可知，作者通过在现实中尝试其他新的放松方式来打破沉迷于电脑游戏的习惯。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。 根据第三段“Playing was fun, but I felt even more worn out afterwards! We can spoil good things by doing them too much. I realized that it was very important to adjust my lifestyle. I decided to take control of my life and find other ways to relax.(玩游戏很有趣，但之后我觉得更累了！我们会因为做得太多而糟蹋了好事。我意识到调整我的生活方式非常重要。我决定掌控自己的生活，寻找其他放松的方式)”可知，作者意识到网瘾的害处之后，自己决定摆脱网瘾。由此推知，这篇文章的作者是一个自律的人。故选C。
C
President Joe Biden’s declaration that “the pandemic is over” raised eyebrows and the anger of some experts who think such messaging could be too early. But to many Americans who have returned to pre-COVID 19 activities and are now being forced back into the office, the remark may ring true.
The problem is that what “back to normal“ feels like may differ from person to person, depending on the individual’s circumstances and by what standard they are judging the pandemic to be over. Two scholars were asked to evaluate just how the pandemic is ”over“ in their fields. This is what they said.
Lisa Miller, a professor of epidemiology said, “President Biden has answered the question whether the pandemic is over with a clear ‘yes’, but this is not a black and white issue. It is true that, thanks to widespread immunity from vaccines and infections, the U.S. is in a very different place compared to a year ago. But as an epidemiologist, I think the continued occurrence of between 350 and 400 deaths in the U.S. every day and hundreds of deaths per week in other countries around the world still constitutes a pandemic. Public health experts are still in a situation where no one can predict how the virus will mutate (变异). These mutations may make the virus less dangerous, but it is also possible that the next variant could be more harmful.”,
As an economic researcher, William Hauk said, “The good news is that the worst of the pandemic’s impact on the economy ended some time ago. After quickly rising to a postwar high of 14.7% in April 2020 as the destruction of the pandemic was taking its toll, the unemployment rate has been at 4% or lower for all of 2022. Especially, in the August employment report, the total number of employed workers in the U.S. was more than its pre-pandemic high for the first time.
While the labor market has largely recovered, there are still small economic waves from the pandemic that the U.S. will be feeling for some time. There are still supply-chain difficulties in some key areas, like computer chips. As a result, a full recovery may not occur for a while.
28. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To declare the pandemic is over.
B. To provide the measures for the pandemic.
C. To raise money for medical research.
D. To discuss whether the pandemic is over.
29. What made Lisa Miller draw her conclusion?
A. This is not a black or white issue.
B. The number of deaths due to the pandemic is still high.
C. Public health experts predict how the virus will mutate.
D. The virus is neither dangerous nor harmful.
30. Which of the following best explains “taking its toll”?
A. Causing a lot of damage. B. Using a tool.
C. Charging a fee. D. Making it away.
31. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. Biden’s declaration that “the pandemic is over” was well received.
B. The pandemic’s impact on the economy completely ended some time ago.
C. The total number of employed workers in the U.S. has largely recovered.
D. The U.S. is feeling small economic waves from the pandemic sometimes.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章用数据说明了新冠疫情在美国并未结束。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“President Joe Biden’s declaration that “the pandemic is over” raised eyebrows and the anger of some experts who think such messaging could be too early. (美国总统乔·拜登宣布“大流行已经结束”的言论引起了一些专家的不满和愤怒，他们认为这样的消息可能为时尚早)”及下文论述可推知，本文的目的是讨论大流行是否已经结束。故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But as an epidemiologist, I think the continued occurrence of between 350 and 400 deaths in the U.S. every day and hundreds of deaths per week in other countries around the world still constitutes a pandemic.(但作为一名流行病学家，我认为美国每天持续发生350至400人死亡，世界上其他国家每周有数百人死亡，这仍然构成了一场大流行)”可知，大流行造成的死亡人数仍然很高，这使丽莎·米勒得出了她的结论。故选B。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线短语下文“the unemployment rate has been at 4% or lower for all of 2022.(失业率迅速升至14.7%的战后高点，之后在2022年全年一直保持在4%或更低的水平)”及常识可知，2020年4月，失业率迅速升高是因为大流行的破坏。由此推知，划线词组taking its toll与causing a lot of damage(造成了很大的破坏)意思接近。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Especially, in the August employment report, the total number of employed workers in the U.S. was more than its pre-pandemic high for the first time.(特别是，在8月份的就业报告中，美国的就业总人数首次超过了疫情前的最高水平)”和第五段中的“While the labor market has largely recovered, there are still small economic waves from the pandemic that the U.S. will be feeling for some time.(尽管劳动力市场已基本恢复，但美国仍将在一段时间内感受到疫情带来的小波经济波动)”可推知，美国的就业总人数已经基本恢复。故选C。
D
Robots are famously cold, hard and unfeeling, so they may not be the greatest audience for your favourite knock-knock joke. However, scientists in Japan are looking to change their reputation, by teaching them when and how to laugh using artificial intelligence.
The researchers created an android, named “Erica”, which they trained to detect laughter in conversation, then decide whether to laugh in response and what kind of laughter would be best. Her conversations and chuckles (轻笑) were then watched by volunteers, who decided whether her responses demonstrated empathy and human-likeness.
Lead author Dr Koji Inoue, from Kyoto University, said: “We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy. Conversation is, of course, multi-modal, not just responding correctly. So we decided that one way a robot can empathize (产生共鸣) with users is to share their laughter, which you cannot do with a text-based chatbot (聊天机器)”
The aim of the research was to develop an AI that can understand slight differences in humour. While it would be possible to train an algorithm (计算程序) to recognize laughter, or read out a joke, these abilities would not enable it to copy natural conversation.
The researchers first developed a “shared-laughter” model for Erica to run, which would allow her to respond to human laughter as an empathetic response. This model asks three questions in order for the robot to appropriately respond to a conversational cue. First is “Did the user laugh?”, then “Will Erica laugh in response?” and finally, if she responds yes to both, “Which type of laughter is proper?”. The types of laughter Erica would choose from are a “social laugh”, a polite chuckle to fill conversation when humour is not involved, or a “mirthful laugh” for funny situations.
To teach the AI to use the shared-laughter model effectively, the researchers gathered data by sending the robot speed dating. Erica, who was remotely operated by four female actors, had over 80 dialogues with male university students. The laughter that appeared during the conversations was then classified into solo, social or mirthful. This was then used to train Erica’s neural network how to decide when it is appropriate to laugh, and which type of laughter to use.
32. What the scientists in Japan exactly want to do in this research?
A. To change the robot’s reputation.
B. To use artificial intelligence.
C. To teach the robot when and how to laugh.
D. To create a new android.
33. What can be inferred according to Dr Koji’s words?
A. Empathy is the most important function of conversational AI.
B. Sharing their laughter can make a robot empathize with users.
C. Multi-modal is one of the characteristics of conversation.
D. Conversation only needs to respond correctly.
34. Which statement will the author probably agree with?
A. A text-based chatbot can have sympathy for others.
B. An algorithm can not recognise laughter, and read out a joke.
C. Erica can learn to laugh from three questions.
D. The actors and students can give examples of laugh.
35. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. Scientists try to teach a robot when it is appropriate to laugh.
B. Robots know how to laugh after learning and training.
C. A new trend is coming as artificial intelligence learns to laugh.
D. Researchers try to teach a robot how to make a conversation.
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍日本科学家如何教机器人什么时候以及如何笑。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“However, scientists in Japan are looking to change their reputation, by teaching them when and how to laugh using artificial intelligence.(然而，日本的科学家正试图改变他们的名声，通过人工智能教他们何时以及如何笑)”可知。在这项研究中日本科学家想教机器人何时以及如何笑。故选C项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段Koji博士的话“So we decided that one way a robot can empathize (产生共鸣) with users is to share their laughter (所以我们判定，机器人能够与用户感同身受的一种方式就是分享他们的笑声)”可推知，分享用户笑声可以让机器人与用户产生共鸣。故选B项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“To teach the AI to use the shared-laughter model effectively, the researchers gathered data by sending the robot speed dating. Erica, who was remotely operated by four female actors, had over 80 dialogues with male university students. The laughter that appeared during the conversations was then classified into solo, social or mirthful. This was then used to train Erica’s neural network how to decide when it is appropriate to laugh, and which type of laughter to use.(为了教会人工智能有效地使用共享笑声模型，研究人员通过给机器人发送快速约会来收集数据。艾丽卡由4名女演员远程操控，与男大学生进行了80多次对话。然后将对话中出现的笑声分为单笑、社交笑和欢乐笑。这被用来训练爱丽卡的神经网络如何决定什么时候该笑，以及该用哪种类型的笑)”可知，被4位女演员远程操控的机器人Eric和男大学生有80多次谈话。谈话中的笑声被用来训练Eric的神经式网络决定何时恰当去笑以及应该用哪种笑声，所以，作者会同意“演员和学生可以给出笑的例子”这一种说法。故选D项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段中“However, scientists in Japan are looking to change their reputation, by teaching them when and how to laugh using artificial intelligence.(然而，日本的科学家正试图改变他们的名誉，他们用人工智能教他们什么时候以及如何笑)”可知，本文介绍了日本科学家如何教机器人什么时候以及如何笑，所以“Scientists try to teach a robot when it is appropriate to laugh.(科学家试图教机器人什么时候该笑)”是文章最佳标题。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
There is an old American saying, “Loose lips sink ships.” This means that if you speak too much about something, especially to people who you don’t know so well, it’ll cause all kinds of trouble.
The situation here is so much worse because the “loose lips” were your best friend’s. Treated this way, you’re sure to feel hurt. ___36___
But I have to say that it’s partly your fault, isn’t it? You admit that you were “letting off steam”. It is understandable in that situation, but we should always think before we speak.
___37___
First, apologise to your teammate. If you ever want to win any more basketball games, you need to work together, and that means communicating with each other clearly and resolving conflicts. ___38___ Tell him directly and honestly that you were talking without thinking.
Then, talk to your friend. Friendship should be one of the greatest things in the world, but sometimes it can be difficult. Again, your strategy is clear communication. Tell your friend you’re angry with him for repeating what you said and making the situation worse, but that you want to move on. ___39___
Thirdly and perhaps most importantly, think about your own behaviour. Don’t say too much when you’re angry! ___40___ This gives people the wrong signal. Take a deep breath, calm down, and always remember: think first, speak later. If you feel one of your teammates isn’t pulling their weight, then raise your concerns in a professional way with your team coach.
If you think about other people’s feelings as well as your own, you’ll soon find everything works out.
A. Here’s what you need to do.
B. So have a chat with your teammate.
C. Approached in this way, your friendship will soon be repaired.
D. Always remember that a friend in need is a friend indeed.
E. We depend on our parents at home, while we depend on friends when we are outside.
F. Filled with anger, you tend to say whatever comes to your mind.
G. We should always be able to trust those closest to us, and it hurts even more when we find we can’t.
【答案】36. G 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何避免“祸从口出”给人们提供了三条建议。
【36题详解】
上文“The situation here is so much worse because the “loose lips” were your best friend’s. Treated this way, you’re sure to feel hurt. (这里的情况要糟糕得多，因为你最好的朋友就是那个“大嘴巴，说闲话”的人。这样对待你，你肯定会觉得受伤。)”说明最好的朋友说你闲话，你肯定觉得受伤，选项G“我们应该总是能够相信我们最亲近的人，但当我们发现我们不能相信他们时，我们会更受伤。”总结上文，进一步说明当不能相信最亲近的人的时候，人们会更受伤。语意一致，故选G项。
【37题详解】
上文“It is understandable in that situation, but we should always think before we speak. (在那种情况下是可以理解的，但我们应该三思而后言。)”等内容说明我们应该避免祸从口出，要三思而后言。选项A“以下是你需要做的。”承上启下，引出以下三条建议，分别为“First, apologise to your teammate. (首先，向你的队友道歉。)”、“Then, talk to your friend. (然后，和你的朋友谈谈。)”和“Thirdly, and perhaps most importantly, think about your own behaviour. (第三，也许也是最重要的，想想你自己的行为。)”。故选A项。
【38题详解】
上文“If you ever want to win any more basketball games, you need to work together, and that means communicating with each other clearly and resolving conflicts. (如果你还想赢得更多的篮球比赛，你需要一起合作，这意味着彼此清楚地沟通，解决冲突。)”建议和队友相互沟通，选项B“那就和你的队友聊聊天吧。”承接上文，建议和队友聊天沟通。语意一致，故选B项。
【39题详解】
上文“Tell your friend you’re angry with him for repeating what you said and making the situation worse, but that you want to move on. (告诉你的朋友你很生气，因为他重复了你说的话，让情况变得更糟，但你想继续向前。)”建议把问题说开，并表达希望继续向前，选项C“这样做，你们的友谊很快就会修复。”承接上文，和上文存在因果关系，这样的结果，就会修复友谊。故选C项。
【40题详解】
上文“Don’t say too much when you’re angry! (生气的时候不要说太多！)”建议生气时不要说太多，选项F“充满愤怒，想到什么就说什么。”承接上文，解释为什么生气时不能说太多，因为想到什么就说什么，引出下文“This gives people the wrong signal. (这给了人们错误的信号。)”和选项之间存在因果关系，因为想说什么就说什么，说那么多气话，结果给人们错误信号。故选F项。
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中。选出最佳选项。
Cardi B gave back to the middle school that “made her” who she was.
The rapper surprised students and staff at IS 232 in the Bronx on Sept. 13 and announced that she would be ___41___$100,000 to her alma mater (母校). Cardi shared in an Instagram post that she had been trying to visit the ___42___ since last year but couldn’t because of COVID-19 rules at the time.
“This middle school, IS 232 in the Bronx, has a very ___43___ place in my heart! It turned me from an 11-year-old girl into a little teenage ___44___,” the artist wrote. “Kids in the Bronx have to grow up ___45___ due to our circumstances and environment. While some young teens like around 11-13 still live in that Disney world, these kids have to ___46___ fast and quickly.”
She ___47___ that like a lot of those kids, she went through so much while attending middle school. “Those experiences changed me forever and ___48___ me who I am today,” she wrote, adding that she hopes her donation “can help ___49___ an amazing after school program that will help ____50____ stay out of the streets or a troubled home and ____51____ allow them to learn something that they can take with them through ____52____.”
Cardi went on to ____53____ Community Capacity Development and its founder and executive director K. Bain for ____54____ with her and helping her visit other schools and programs in Queens and Brooklyn. “I love being ____55____ to help young kids however I can,” she said.
WNBC reporter Kay Angrum shared video of the moment when Cardi ____56____ everyone.
“We are thrilled to welcome Cardi B back ____57____ to IS 232 in the Bronx, and we are so grateful for her ____58____ contribution to her alma mater,” said Schools Chancellor David Banks in a statement. “Cardi B’s ____59____ of $100K for the arts will help the school’s kids ____60____ their highest heights. Thank you, Cardi!”
41. A. abandoning B. donating C. consuming D. deserving
42. A. city B. neighbourhood C. kingdom D. school
43. A. special B. vivid C. stubborn D. casual
44. A. candidate B. agent C. adult D. beauty
45. A. gently B. quickly C. accidentally D. purely
46. A. give up B. take down C. grow up D. feel down
47. A. added B. enhanced C. deduced D. announced
48. A. made B. demanded C. facilitated D. promoted
49. A. consult B. witness C. generate D. link
50. A. artists B. kids C. adults D. officers
51. A. after all B. hence C. however D. most importantly
52. A. life B. arrangement C. breakthrough D. creation
53. A. encounter B. sponsor C. transform D. thank
54. A. partnering B. urging C. restricting D. pursuing
55. A. due B. able C. related D. superb
56. A. attracted B. confused C. surprised D. dismissed
57. A. church B. town C. galaxy D. home
58. A. fundamental B. generous C. splendid D. brilliant
59. A. measurement B. reputation C. commitment D. scholarship
60. A. swing to B. scream at C. participate in D. soar to
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. A 49. C 50. B 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. B 56. C 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了说唱歌手Cardi B回馈“成就了她”的中学的故事。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 9月13日，这位说唱歌手宣布她将向母校捐赠10万美元，这让布朗克斯IS 232学校的学生和教职员工都大吃一惊。A. abandoning放弃；B. donating捐赠；C. consuming消耗；D. deserving值得。根据第四段中“she hopes her donation”可知，她将向母校捐赠10万美元。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Cardi在Instagram上发帖称，自去年以来，她一直试图参观这所学校，但由于当时的COVID-19规定，未能成行。A. city城市；B. neighbourhood邻里；C. kingdom王国；D. school学校。根据语境和前文“Cardi B gave back to the middle school”以及“she would be ___1___$100,000 to her alma mater(母校)”可知，她一直试图参观这所学校。故选D项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：布朗克斯的IS 232中学在我心中有着非常特殊的地位！A. special特殊的；B. vivid生动的；C. stubborn固执的；D. casual随便的。根据语境和后文“It turned me from an 11 -year-old girl into a little teenage ___4___”可知，母校在她心中有着特殊的地位。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它把我从一个11岁的小女孩变成了一个十几岁的成年人。A. candidate候选人；B. agent代理人；C. adult成年人；D. beauty美人。根据前文“It turned me from an 11 -year-old girl into a little teenage”可知，她从小女孩变成了一个十几岁的成年人。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：由于我们的境遇和环境，布朗克斯区的孩子们必须迅速成长。A. gently温柔地；B. quickly迅速地；C. accidentally偶然地；D. purely完全地。根据后文“these kids have to ___6___ fast and quickly”可知，此处指“迅速成长”。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然一些11-13岁左右的青少年仍然生活在迪士尼世界里，但这些孩子必须飞快地、迅速长大。A. give up放弃；B. take down拿下；C. grow up长大；D. feel down感到沮丧。根据前文“Kids in the Bronx have to grow up ___5___”可知，此处指“迅速成长”。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她补充说，和许多这样的孩子一样，她在上中学时经历了很多。A. added补充说；B. enhanced增强；C. deduced推论；D. announced宣布。根据语境和后文“that like a lot of those kids, she went through so much while attending middle school”可知，此处是Cardi补充说的内容。故选A项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这些经历永远地改变了我，成就了今天的我，”她写道，并补充说，她希望自己的捐款“可以帮助建立一个很棒的课外项目，帮助孩子们远离街头或有困难的家庭，最重要的是让他们学到可以终生受益的东西。”A. made使成功；B. demanded要求；C. facilitated促进；D. promoted推动。根据文章第一句“Cardi B gave back to the middle school that ‘made her’ who she was.”可知，Cardi认为是学校的经历成就了现在的她。故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这些经历永远地改变了我，成就了今天的我，”她写道，并补充说，她希望自己的捐款“可以帮助建立一个很棒的课外项目，帮助孩子们远离街头或有困难的家庭，最重要的是让他们学到可以终生受益的东西。”A. consult咨询；B. witness目睹；C. generate产生；D. link连接。根据前文“her donation”和后文“an amazing after school program”可知，她希望自己的捐款可以帮助产生一个课外项目。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这些经历永远地改变了我，成就了今天的我，”她写道，并补充说，她希望自己的捐款“可以帮助建立一个很棒的课外项目，帮助孩子们远离街头或有麻困难的家庭，最重要的是让他们学到可以终生受益的东西。”A. artists艺术家；B. kids儿童；C. adults成年人；D. officers官员。根据文章第一句“Cardi B gave back to the middle school that ‘made her’ who she was.”以及前文“She ___7___ that like a lot of those kids, she went through so much while attending middle school.”可知，她想回馈母校，希望帮助孩子们。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查副词（短语）词义辨析。句意：“这些经历永远地改变了我，成就了今天的我，”她写道，并补充说，她希望自己的捐款“可以帮助建立一个很棒的课外项目，帮助孩子们远离街头或有困难的家庭，最重要的是让他们学到可以终生受益的东西。”A. after all毕竟；B. hence因此；C. however然而；D. most importantly最重要的是。后文“allow them to learn something that they can take with them through ___12___”是对前文的进一步加深，是这个项目更重要的目的。故选D项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这些经历永远地改变了我，成就了今天的我，”她写道，并补充说，她希望自己的捐款“可以帮助建立一个很棒的课外项目，帮助孩子们远离街头或有困难的家庭，最重要的是让他们学到可以终生受益的东西。”A. life生活；B. arrangement安排；C. breakthrough突破；D. creation创造。根据前文“Those experiences changed me forever and ___8___ me who I am today”可知，Cardi认为学校的经历使她终生受益，所以希望孩子们学到可以终生受益的东西。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Cardi接着感谢社区能力发展及其创始人兼执行董事K. Bain与她合作，帮助她参观皇后区和布鲁克林的其他学校和项目。A. encounter遭遇；B. sponsor主办；C. transform使改变；D. thank感谢。根据后文“for ___14___ with her and helping her visit other schools and programs”可知，Cardi要感谢K. Bain。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Cardi接着感谢社区能力发展及其创始人兼执行董事K. Bain与她合作，帮助她参观皇后区和布鲁克林的其他学校和项目。A. partnering合作；B. urging敦促；C. restricting限制；D. pursuing追求。根据后文“helping her visit other schools and programs”可知，是K. Bain与Cardi的合作，帮助了她。故选A项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我喜欢尽我所能帮助小孩子们，”她说。A. due预期的；B. able有能力的；C. related相关的；D. superb极佳的。根据后文“to help young kids however I can”可知，Cardi表示，她喜欢能帮助孩子们，be able to“能够”符合句意。故选B项。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：WNBC记者Kay Angrum分享了Cardi让所有人惊讶的视频。A. attracted吸引；B. confused使困惑；C. surprised使吃惊；D. dismissed开除。根据第二段中“The rapper surprised students and staff at IS 232 in the Bronx on Sept.”可知，此处指“Cardi让所有人惊讶的视频”。故选C项。
【57题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校主管David Banks在一份声明中说：“我们非常高兴地欢迎Cardi B回到布朗克斯的IS 232学校大家庭，我们非常感谢她对母校的慷慨贡献。” A. church教堂；B. town城镇；C. galaxy星系；D. home家庭。根据文章第一句“Cardi B gave back to the middle school that ‘made her’ who she was.”及后文“her alma mater”可知，学校主管表达的是“欢迎Cardi B回到母校这个大家庭”。故选D项。
【58题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学校主管David Banks在一份声明中说：“我们非常高兴地欢迎Cardi B回到布朗克斯的IS 232学校大家庭，我们非常感谢她对母校的慷慨捐赠。”A. fundamental基本的；B. generous慷慨的；C. splendid灿烂的；D. brilliant明亮的。根据前文“she would be ___1___$100,000 to her alma mater”及后文“contribution to her alma mater”可知，学校主管感谢她的慷慨捐赠。故选B项。
【59题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Cardi B承诺为艺术项目投入10万美元，这将帮助学校的孩子们展翅高飞，达到他们的最高境界。A. measurement测量；B. reputation声誉；C. commitment承诺；D. scholarship奖学金。根据前文“she would be ___1___$100,000 to her alma mater”可知，此处指“Cardi B的捐赠承诺”。故选C项。
【60题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Cardi B承诺为艺术项目投入10万美元，这将帮助学校的孩子们展翅高飞，达到他们的最高境界。A. swing to摆动到；B. scream at朝……大嚷大叫；C. participate in参与；D. soar to高飞到。根据语境和前文“Cardi B’s ___19___ of $100K for the arts”可知，Cardi B的捐赠将帮助孩子们展翅高飞，soar to great heights“展翅高飞”是固定短语，符合句意。故选D项。
第II卷(非选择题，共50分)
第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
June 8 ___61___ (name) officially by the UN in 2009 as World Ocean Day. It’s a day to stress the importance of ocean ___62___ remind people to protect it.
It is generally acknowledged that ocean plays an important role in many aspects. First of all, with rich biological resources, ocean ___63___ (provide) samples for biological science research in terms of the diversity of global biological resources. Second, its abundant food ___64___ (resource) and energy in the ocean make it possible for living things ___65___ (survive). Equally importantly, the abundant water resources in the ocean bear the operation of the global water circulation system, ___66___ affect or even determine the global climate change. So many benefits does ocean bring to human beings ___67___ great importance can’t be attached enough to protect it.
Of course, it’s everybody’s duty to shoulder this responsibility. For one thing, it’s a good idea to ___68___ (wide) study knowledge concerning ocean and think of effective approaches ___69___ protecting it. For another, let’s stop our bad behaviors which may indirectly pollute ocean. Small things make a big difference. Actions speak ___70___ (loud) than words. I believe, with our joint efforts, a truly green will always surround us.
【答案】61. was named
62. and 63. provides
64. resources
65. to survive
66. which 67. that
68. widely 69. to
70. louder
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了世界海洋日的确立和海洋的重要性以及我们应该怎样保护海洋。
【61题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：2009年，联合国正式将6月8日定为世界海洋日。根据句意和所给动词name分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分；因为句子主语和谓语动词name之间是被动关系，所以句子应该用被动语态；根据句子的时间状语是in 2009可知，句子应该用一般过去时。故填was named。
【62题详解】
考查连词。句意：这是一个强调海洋重要性，提醒人们保护它的日子。根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的动词remind和上文的动词stress是并列关系，所以空格处应该填入一个并列连词连接动词stress和remind。故填and。
【63题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：首先，海洋拥有丰富的生物资源，就全球生物资源的多样性而言，海洋为生物科学研究提供了样本。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分，根据句意和上下文的时态是一般现在时可知，该句子应该用一般现在时；因为句子的主语是ocean，所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式。故填provides。
【64题详解】
考查可数名词单复数。句意：其次，海洋中丰富的食物资源和能源使生物得以生存。根据句意和所给可数名词resource可知，空格处应该填入resource的复数形式，因为既然是丰富的食物资源，那肯定不是一种，且resource一词当“资源”讲时通常用复数。故填resources。
【65题详解】
考查不定式。句意：其次，海洋中丰富的食物资源和能源使生物得以生存。根据句意和所给动词survive以及句中的make it possible for living things可知，此处是考查固定句型make+it+adjective+for somebody to do something，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式复合结构for somebody to do something。故填to survive。
【66题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：同样重要的是，海洋中丰富的水资源承载着全球水循环系统的运行，影响甚至决定着全球气候变化。根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个非限制性定语从句定语从句，该定语从句缺少主语，所以空格处应该填入一个关系代词，代替先行词the global water circulation system在从句中作主语。故填which。
【67题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：海洋给人类带来了如此多的好处，我们对它的保护怎么重视都不够。根据句意和句首的so以及空格后的句子可知，此处是考查固定句型so...that...（如此……以致……），所以空格处应该填入连词that。故填that。
【68题详解】
考查副词。句意：一方面，广泛研究有关海洋的知识，思考有效的方法来保护它是一个好主意。根据句意和空格后的动词study以及所给形容词wide可知，空格处应该填入wide的副词形式widely作状语，修饰后面的动词study。故填widely。
【69题详解】
考查介词。句意：一方面，广泛研究有关海洋的知识，思考有效的方法来保护它是一个好主意。根据句意和空格前的名词approaches以及空格后的protecting分析句子可知，空格后的部分是定语，修饰前面的名词approaches，所以空格处应该填入介词to。故填to。
【70题详解】
考查比较级。句意：嘴动不如行动。根据句意和所给副词loud以及空格后的than可知，空格处应该填入loud的比较级形式louder。故填louder。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Siobhan was running in the Marathon while she noticed that her ankle started hurting. She kept running despite the worsen pain. Medics advised her to quit, and Siobhan refused. She actually finished the marathon, ran the last 18 miles in nearly unbearable pain and risking permanent injure.
Generally speaking, running 18 miles on a broken leg was an incredible thing. But what might be more unbelievable is this story is not uncommon. In fact, on the same day, other runner, Steven, broke his foot as well as. With the extreme pain, he kept running and finally finishing the race, too.
【答案】1.while→when
2.worsen→worsening
3.and→but
4.ran→running
5.injure→injury
6.was→is
7.在this前面加that
8.other→another
9.去掉well后的as
10.finishing→finished
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Siobhan在马拉松比赛中跑步脚踝剧烈疼痛。医生建议她放弃，但Siobhan拒绝了。在极度痛苦的情况下，她继续奔跑，最终也完成了比赛。
【71题详解】
考查连词。句意：Siobhan在马拉松比赛中跑步时发现脚踝开始疼。本句考查固定句型be doing…when，意“正在……这时突然……”。故将while改为when。
【72题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管疼痛加剧，她仍坚持跑步。根据句意可知，此处表示“越来越加重的疼痛”，所以用现在分词作定语，表示该动作正在进行。而过去分词作定语表示该动作已完成。故将worsen改成worsening。
【73题详解】
考查连词。句意：医生建议她放弃，但Siobhan拒绝了。根据“Medics advised her to quit”以及“Siobhan refused”可知，前后为转折关系，表示医生建议她放弃，但Siobhan拒绝了。故将and改为but。
【74题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她实际上完成了马拉松，在几乎无法忍受的疼痛中跑了最后18英里，并冒着永久受伤的风险。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词为finished，所以running和risking并列作伴随状语。故将ran改为running。
【75题详解】
考查名词。句意：她实际上完成了马拉松，在几乎无法忍受的疼痛中跑完最后18英里，并冒着永久受伤的风险。permanent为形容词“永久的”，后面应该用名词。故将injure改为injury。
【76题详解】
考查时态。句意：一般来说，断腿跑18英里是一件不可思议的事。本句话描述一般事实，所以用一般现在时。故将was改为is。
【77题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：但更令人难以置信的是，这个故事并不罕见。分析句子结构可知，“this story is not uncommon”为表语从句，从句中不缺成分，意思完成，所以用that引导，不可省略。故在this前面加that。
【78题详解】
考查限定词。句意：事实上，同一天，另一名跑步者史蒂文也摔断了脚。other为另外，其他的，后面常接可数名词的复数。而此处泛指另外一个运动员也伤了脚。所以需要用another，后面接可数名词的单数。故将other改为another。
【79题详解】
考查介词。句意：事实上，同一天，另一名跑步者史蒂文也摔断了脚。as well用于句尾表示“也”；as well as 表示“同，还有”，是介词词组，后需跟宾语。故将well后的as去掉。
【80题详解】
考查时态。句意：由于极度疼痛，他继续跑步，最终也完成了比赛。and连接两个并列的谓语动词，根据kept可知，后面的finish需要用过去式。故将finishing改为finished.
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
72. 请观察右边图片，就图片所展示的故事，写一 篇英语短文加以描绘，并表明自己的看法。

注意：
1.词数100左右。
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：船夫boatman敲诈blackmail
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】As we can see from the picture, on a boat, there are 3 persons who are heading for the opposite bank. On reaching the middle of the river, the boatman loses no time in charging the 2 passengers another ￥500. The 2 passengers are so shocked that they open their mouths widely. It can easily be seen that they have no choice but to pay more money.
The message conveyed in this picture is that we should keep our promise. Once a deal is made, we shouldn’t ask for extra money or benefits. It’s shameful to blackmail others when they have no alternative. Honesty comes first. It’s this good quality that helps all of us live in harmony.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于夹叙夹议文，要求考生就图片所展示的故事，写一篇英语短文加以描绘，并表明自己的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
前往：head→go
惊讶的：shocked→ surprised
选择：choice→option
表达：convey→ express
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：On reaching the middle of the river, the boatman loses no time in charging the 2 passengers another ￥500.
拓展句：The moment they reach the middle of the river the boatman loses no time in charging the 2 passengers another ￥500.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As we can see from the picture, on a boat, there are 3 persons who are heading for the opposite bank.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句，who引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】The message conveyed in this picture is that we should keep our promise.（运用了that引导的表语从句）